FEBRUARY-MARCH APRIL, 1972
"ti:—•• i • j i Mini HI li^qijat upw&Y
20 CENTS I WW*! r THE NAVY The magazine of the Navy League of Australia Registered for posting as a periodical — Category A
Vol. 34 FEBRUARY-MARCH-APRIL, 1972 No. 1 CONTENTS Page Page serves Naval Cadet Force Newt 3 Nautical Notes from All Compass Points ... 37 Faith Without Foundation 9 Australia's Defence Outlook 47 Periscope on Australia 23 Reminiscences of H.M.S. Drake 57 the Navy The Rotork Sea Truck 27 Navy League of Australia (Victoria Division) 58 Meet the Federal President 31 Navy League of Australia (Q'ld. Division) 62 afloat At Sea with The Navv 32 Belfast Cruiser and Sailing Ship to be Aircraft Carrier for Russia? 35 preserved 64 and Plus sundry stories and photographs The views expressed in articles appearing in this publication are those ol (he authors concerned.Thev ashore do not necessarilv represent the views ol the editor, the Navv League, or oflicial opinions or policv Published by the Navy League of Australia. Box 1719 G.P.O., Sydney. N.S.W., 2001; Tel.: 7411001 All (.'orrrspond? ih« should br dir.ctrd la ih* Editor EDITOR: Dennis P. Irkkett, Esq., Box CI 78. Clarence Street Post Office, Sydney, N.S.W.. 7000, Australia. ADVERTISING AND PUBLICATION: PERCIVAl PUBLISHING CO. PTY. LTD. SYDNEY MELBOURNE ADELAIDE BRISBANE PERTH IIIIHAKT ton ll.ndrrvm Hd Greeiijn Publication* IT Curnr si SWiyutfnsi USI Unwtt »Trr lil l..llin. Si Alexandria 30IS Ptv Ltd xdrlaidr sun Hn.ti.m, MUI Prrrh woo Hotx.it ;mi Phoflt 6M231 JM Link Collins SI Phono 51-6225 ItMW 31-2S1II Ph.**- O-axtl Phonr .'-IT 12 r Phone 67 1334 THE NAVY LEAGUE OF AUSTRALIA
PATRON: The Governor-General. Hon. Secretary: Miss E. C. Shorrocks. South Australian Division 528 Collins Street. Melbourne 3000. Patron: His Excellency. The Governor Today's modern efficient Navy demands the most FEDERAL COUNCIL Queensland Division of South Australia efficient and advanced equipment available for its President: Commander F. G. Evans. Patron: His Excellency. The Governor Chairman: T. Francis Matters. Esq M.B.E., V.R.D., R.A.N.V.R. ol Queensland. Hon. Secretary : Miss Penny Wardle. ships and service facilities ashore. Deputy President: Chairman: Surgeon Commander A. H. Box 1529M G PO Adelaide 5001 H.M.A.S. Sydney (above) is fitted with FACO Deck Robertson. R.A.N.V.R. Secretary: Lt. Cmdr. A. A. Andrews. Hon. Secretary: Colonel P V. O. Cranes and L.C.M. Landing gear. The FAVCO M.B.E.. R A N
Printed and published by Percival PublHhinf Co. Pty Lid.. 862 870 Elizabeth Street. Waterloo. 2017 . Phone 699 2600 with February/March/AprM. 1972 THE NAVY PafeOne permission of the Navy League of Australia A Close Liaison, the Navy Department
and . . . SEA CADET TROPHY TO each State before the Navy League T.S. PERTH trophy is awarded. The training ship Perth has won the Navy League of Australia Trophy NEW SOUTH WALES as Australia's most efficient sea Quarterly Report of Proceedings cadet unit for the first time in the 12 This report is for the period 1 years of the competition. October to 31 December. 1971 and Perth, which won the trophy from covers Continuous Training. RUSLIT ENGINEERING 42 similar units, is commanded by Weekend Training and other Lieutenant I. C. Bishop. A.S.C.C.. and activities carried out by the Naval has an authorised complement of Reserve Cadets in New South Wales. five officers, eight instructors and Continuous Training was carried 100 cadets. out in H.M.A.S Penguin from 24 INDUSTRIES Units considered outstanding in November to 30 November for 40 their divisions this year were T.S. personnel from the Scots College Tyalgum, T.S Slrlui, T.S Adelaide. School Unit. General and Specialist T.S Dement and T.S. Barwon. Continuous Training took place in Who are Proud to be Associated The Director of Naval Reserves the following H.M.A. Ships and each year makes an inspection of Establishments from 16 December with the Navy Department the most efficient sea cadet units in to 23 December. 1971. SHIP/ESTABLISHMENT TRAINING No. OF PERSONNEL H.M A S. Watson Gunnery 34 * Contractors to the R.A.N. H M A s Watson Cookery 20 H.M.A S Albatross Naval Airman 35 H.M.A.S Nlrlmba Mechanical Engineering 32 H.M.A S Nlrlmba Physical Trainer 9 FOR FURTHER PARTICULARS H.M.A.S Stalwart Higher Ranks Course 34 H.M.A.S. Anzac Higher Ranks Course 23 H.M.A.S. Crannll Higher Ranks Course and RUSLIT ENGINEERING General Training In addition Continuous General Training took place during the same period in T.S. Tobruk (Newcastle Unit) for 35 Cadets. On Sunday. 10 October, the Senior INDUSTRIES Weekend Training was conducted in the following H.M.A. Ships and Officer. Commander L. Mackay- Establishments: Cruise. R.D.. R.A.N.R.. was the SHIP/ESTABLISHMENT DATES No. OF PERSONNEL Reviewing Officer at the Scots H.M.A.S. Curlew l-30ctober 13 School. Bathurst. for the School's H.M.A.S Yarra 8-100ctober 17 Annual Ceremonial Parade and H.M A S. Brisbane 22-24 October 23 Inspection. H.M.A.S. Parramatta 29-31 October 23 Over 70 cadets accompanied by 195 Parramatta Road, H.M.A.S. Watson 29-31 October 23 Officers and Instructors were H.M.A.S Parramatta 12-14 November 23 present at the Annual Seafarer's H.M.A.S Haw* 19-21 November 10 Service held in the Cathedral Church Auburn, N.S.W. of St. Andrew on Sunday. 31 October, the Cadets taking part in the Procession of House Flags during the Service The Senior Officer and Staff Officers farewelled the Staff Officer 648-0591 Phone 648-0591 Reserves. Commander J. St. B More. R.A.N, at a dinner held in his honour on 11 November. The Senior Officer and Staff. Com-
Page Two THE NAVY February/March/Aprll, 1972 CADET FORCE NEWS
manding Officers of all Units, and Officers. Instructors and Cadets of T.S Condamine (Manly Unit) were on parade on Saturday. 27 November when Rear Admiral G. J. B Crabb. C BE . DSC . the Flag Officer Commanding. East Australia -Area, presented at T.S Condamine to Mrs. Alexander the posthumous award of the Cadet Forces Medal of the late Lieutenant A D. Alexander. Commanding Officer of the Manly Unit (Sgd.) L. MACKAY-CRUISE. Commander. R.A.N.R.. Senior Officer.
r CONTRIBUTIONS INVITED The edrtor invites persons to submit articles, photographs .nul (U.iwings (!>I.h.I< ink 1 for inclusion in the magazine, but regrets that no payment c.in br made foi .ontnbuifmis submitted. Contributions should he addressed: The Editor. 1 h» f\|.iv. ' !/' Clarence Street post Office. Sydney. N.S.W., 2000. Australia The Editor, does not hold himself responsible for manuscripts, though • •*.•• r, .-ffort ..ill be made to return those with which stamped and address«*d rnvi'lopt i mi los.d
OUR COVER The Prince of Wales. Sub-Lieutenant. R.N., enjoying a joke with Admiral Sir Horace Law (right). Commander-in-Chief. Naval Home Command, and Captain Allan Tait. Captain of the Britannia Naval College. Dartmouth, shortly after his arrival at the College to begin a six-week graduate training course. The Prince is wearing the uniform of an acting sub-lieutenant, with the ribbon of the Coronation Medal and — on his sleeve — naval wings, a reminder of his Royal Air Force training Prince Charles is currently serving nine months at sea aboard H.M.S. Norfolk, a guided missile destroyer, following completion of the course at the Naval College
Fabruary/March/April, 1972 THE NAVY Fin HMB ••mi JOIN THE A Company of the Vickers Group VICKERS NAVAL RESERVE CADETS H you are the 090* of 13 and 18 years.
COCKATOO DOCKYARD The Australian Sea Cadel Corps is a confirm they are capable of carrying sporting activities and other varied voluntary organisation administered out the normal duties and activities of subjects. b\ the Commonwealth Naval Board the Cadet Corps. If injurrd while on Instructional camps are arranged lor and The Navv 1-eague of Australia duly. Cadets are considered for Sea Cadets in Naval Establishments, payment of compensation. and they are also given opportunities, Pty. Limited The aim of the Australian Sea Cadel Parades are held on Saturday whenever possible, to undertake Corps is to provide for the spiritual, afternoons and certain Units hold an training at sea in ships of the Royal social and educational welfare of boys additional parade one night a week. Australian Navy. and to develop in them character, a The interesting syllabus of '.raining Cadets, if considering a sea career, BUILDERS OF MANY OF sense of patriotism, self-reliance, covers a wide sphere * includes are given every assistance to join the THE NAVY'S FINEST FIGHTING SHIPS citizenship and discipline seamanship, handling of uoats under Royal Australian Navy, the Mercantile Uniforms are supplied free of charge. sail and power, navigation, physical Marine or the Royal Australian Naval Cadets are required to produce a training, rifle shooting, signalling, Reserve, but there is no compulsion to COCKATOO ISLAND, SYDNEY certificate from their doctor to splicing of wire and ropes, general join these Services Telegraphic Address: CODOCK For further information please contact the Divisional Senior Officer in your State, using the Telephone: 82 0661 Form provided below. Senior Officers. Australian Sea Cadet Corps Telex: AA 21833 NEW SOUTH WALES: Staff Office Cadets. H.M.A.S. VICTORIA: C/- Room «. 2nd Floor, 528 Collins St.. Watson. Watsons Bay. N.S.W.. 2031). Melbourne, 3000 QULENSLAND: C/- .19 Piaeeroft Street, Camp Hill. Queensland. 4152. AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY: Industry Hotlie, National Clrcalt. Barton, 26M. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: C/- 182 Coode St., Como, 6152. Best Wishes from SOUTH AUSTRALIA: C/• Bo* I529M. G.P.O., Adelaide, NORTHERN TERRITORY: Mrs. V. M. Slide, 12 Allen 5UII1 Street. Fanale Bay. 57*.
THOMAS ROBINSON & TO: The Senior Officer. Australian Sea Cadet Corps
SON PTY. LTD. I am interested in joining the Australian Sea Cadet Corps and would be pleased to receive further information. * Woodworkers Engineers NAME 23 MARIGOLD STREET REVESBY, H.S.W. STREET SUBURB Specialising
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CONTRACTORS TO THC NAVY Of PAX TAUNT PHONE No. AGE. (Please Print Clearly) 77-0421 Phone 77-0421 Please address your envelope to the Senior Officer in your State or Territory —see list of addresses above PagtSix THE NAVY February/March/Apr*. '2 Fabruary/March/April, 1972 THE NAVY Pege Seven A Close Liaison the Navy Dept. and MACQUARIE WORSTEDS LTD.
Who are Proud to be Associated with the Navy Dept. in the Supply of
* PURE WOOL * WOOL and POLYESTER CLOTH PABT OWK * Contractors to the R.A.N. I Probe and Strike
For All Enquiries .. It is not my intention to portray to the fullest extent the benefitted by such naval niceties as director control or air reconnais- military misadventures which culminated in the sance. They simply did not exist horrendous naval debacle near the Island of the Donkeys apart from the occasional and MACQUARIE WORSTEDS LTD. Ears (Tsu shima) on 27-29 May, 1905.1 feel, however, that limited land use of manned tethered a certain degree of background material to the main balloons for military observation purposes. 39 YORK STREET, SYDNEY conflict will assist the reader in fully appreciating that action. Communication at sea by wireless 29 2731 Phone 29 2731 Most chronicles of naval warfare, whilst being rich in telegraphy was in its infancy: indeed strategic and tactical detail are unable to provide as much the principle method used by the Russian C. in C. to both send and information about the main combatant vessels as might be receive intelligence to and from the thought desirable by many readers. Admiralty in St. Petersburg (now Leningrad) was by coded message passed through the regular A Close Liaison: The Navy Department and. . international cable service
These were the days of the coal- burning navy. This bulky, filthy fuel possessed a relatively low co- efficient of heat when compared A. F. Little (Southern Div.) with oil. and when this factor is combined with the inherent mechanical inefficiency of the com- pound. triple, and quadruple expan- sion engines fitted to major vessels Pty. Ltd. of the period, it is not hard to realise that warships constructed in the late 19th and early 20th Centuries FIVE ISLANDS ROAD, PORT KEMBLA would have consumed a far greater tonnage of fuel per knot/mile than Th« 6.500 Ion Russian battiathip Tsesarevitch. buUt at La Sayna. Franca In 1901. had an armour batting of 8 V by 9 V. raachad 18 knot* and had battarias of four 12 Inch gum, tvatva 6lnchgurv», their successors built during the Who are Proud to be Associated with the Navy Department in the twenty 3 Inch gun» and 32 smaHar gun*. Flagship of Admiral Vttgatt, T jesarevitch was Mink by Togo First World War whose oil-fired Erection of H.M.A.S. "Albatross'' Accommodation Buildings In tha • traiti of Koraa on 10 August. 1904. boilers supplied steam at high pres- Part Two of this article will pene- turreted. ironclad line-of-battleship sure to new. efficient turbine trate further than usual into des- and was thus the first such clash in engines. e SPECIALISING IN CONSTRUCTION WORK criptions of the principle warships this century. It was surpassed in involved in the Battle of Tsu-Shima magnitude only by the Battle of Any strategic naval plan of the beyond the usual mam armament, Jutland, which it pre-dated by eleven time was utterly dependent upon tonnage and speed figures, for the years. Unlike Jutland. Tsu-Shima reliable and readily available coaling 4-0723 Phone 4-0723 simple reason that this was the first was hammered out in clear weather, facilities. The Western European major fleet action since the advent with heavy seas and good visibility: colonial navies of Great Britain. of the modern all-steam-powered. also, neither Commander-in-Chief France and Germany possessed vast
F«bruary/M«rch/April. 1972 THE NAVY Pag* Nfc» P<(« Elf ht THE NAVY F.bru.ry/M.rch/Aprll, FAITH WITHOUT A Recommended Contractor. FOUNDATION
networks of coaling stations in all parts of the world. The Imperial Japanese Navy, busily flexing its Riverstone Meat Co. finely-honed muscles in waters close (o home, did not have much to worry about in this regard. Even if. for any conceivable reason, their Fleet (in Pty. Ltd. part or whole) had cause to venture into distant waters, it could be reasonably sure of gaining access to The Hrst-cle**, 15,000-ton battleship Asa hi mat on* of the most navy. Constructed from the very latest models of the tim«, equipped with a full complamant of guns the coaling stations of their then and manned with a superior foret, sh* proved a daadly British allies. Who are proud to be associated with the Navy Dept in When the various Far Eastern It was now the turn of the Japanese to call foul and after steadily THE SUPPLY OF FROZEN MEATS objectives of Japan and Russia became at odds with one another in increasing pressure, the Russians "Contractors to the R.A.N the late 19th Century, it rapidly reached an agreement with China became obvious that, sooner or which provided for their gradual later, only a passage of arms on the evacuation from the area. However, grand scale would decide the issue. the withdrawal was deliberately pro- For Further Information Contact... In brief, the Japanese, victors in the longed. and after ignoring Japanese Sino-Japanese war. were granted protests, the Russian Far-Eastern treaty rights in the Liao Tung Penin- Viceroy and Supreme Commander. FROZEN MEATS DEPARTMENT sula. Northern Manchuria, and the Admiral Alexieff. implemented a strategically located harbour of Port policy of deliberate provocation. Arthur, that being the northernmost To the Japanese, this was the last 83 GOULBURN STREET, SYDNEY ice-free port on the Asian mainland. straw. It was captured by Japanese Thoroughly incensed by Russia's infantry only after absorbing heavy apparent dismissal of her as a casualties, however Japan deemed second-rate power. Japan's military the cost worthwhile as the harbour leaders planned a surprise attack on afforded access to the rich natural the Russian squadrons anchored in For your future reference. .. resources of Korea and Manchuria. Port Arthur that was remarkably Known as tha "Father of tha Japan's developmental aspirations similar in concept and execution to Admiral HaiMchiro Togo was born In in this area ran contrary to Russia's their attack on Pearl Harbour thirty- tha Wand of Kyushu In 1847. Ha naval sarvica as a cadat at tha aga of and within two years she was forced seven years iater. (The British used to withdraw from the region in the torpedo-carrying aircraft to achieve face of Russian pressure which had a tactical surprise when Force H Royal Navy, Togo sarvod two years Star Products Pty. Ltd. both German and French backing. crippled the Italian battle-fleet in its Worcester did H.M.S Victory harbour at Taranto in 1940.) The rid man chosen to implement the Nann attack was the brilliant Vice Admiral hostilities In tha Sino-J.panese (ENGINEERS) upon a Chinas* transport enrouta HeihichiroTogo. tha ensuing struggle with Suppliers of. .. culminated a brilliant naval annihilating tha Tsarist Baltic Fleet Admiral Togo tad Ms battle lines against tha COLD WATER DRINKING CLOTH Russian float aboard his flagship, tha ALUMINIUM BOXES battleship Mikasa Contractors to the Navy Department
For Further Information Contact. . . Mr. L. Vigh STAR PRODUCTS PTY. LTD. YENNORA AVE., YENNORA, N.S.W. The Tsar. Nicholas II. was out of touch wtth Telephone: 632-6487 reality. One of the last true European monarch., he Mfrt picture postcards of himself to Hi. troop*
Pace T.n THE NAVY February/March/April, F2 With most of their officers ashore, pected. the Japanese simply fol- FAITH WITHOUT soaking up the good life, the drowsy lowed them into the anchorage. A Close Liaison ihe Navy Department jnd .. . FOUNDATION Russian crews were hardly expecting Suddenly without apparent reason, to be attacked by coup de main in one of the anchored vessels opened their own harbour by a whole flotilla up a search light whose baleful glare Born in 1847 on the home island of of enemy torpedo boats AND in the swept over the waters. As quickly as Kyushu. Togo joined the service as a middle of the night. it appeared, the heart-stopping beam PARKAL SALES & SERVICE 16-year-old cadet and was sent to Guard and picket-boats of the type flickered, dimmed and subsided study at Greenwich Naval College. usually employed on patrol duties in completely. Miraculously, the Whilst in the United Kingdom, he a major squadron anchorage were flotilla remained undetected. Their Pty Ltd served two years aboard H.M.S. found by the Japanese to be out in luck held. Worcester; did a gunnery course in small numbers, and for a few The Russians kept only a few light H M S Victory and studied harrowing moments the attacking pieces manned aboard their ships. WHO ARE PROUD TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH THE NAV> mathematics at Cambridge forces thought their plans would go This, together with the fact that each University. DEPARTMENT'S WORKS PROGRAMMES for nought, however, the boatcrews ship had her anti-torpedo nets out. On the night of 5 February. 1904. proved to be incredibly lax; their constituted the squadron's only Togo summoned his commanders loud talk clearly audible as it floated defence. It was murderously easy ELECTRIC HOISTS aboard his flagship, the handsome over the waters to the softly purring and the Japanese crews had it all to 'j lo 20 Tons two-year-old British-built battle- torpedo boats, not one of which was themselves. Their rakishly slim wagon Mikasa to inform them that sighted by the guard boat' crews vessels darted like ravenous sharks CRANES the attack would commence at 2230 who were obviously paying atten- through the fat ranks of the ships hours on 8 February. tion to anything but their allotted and annihilated their prey with • Overhead Travelling • Pillar* Wall* Monorail Using his destroyers and torpedo tasks. Their presence totally unsus- ridiculous ease. MINING EQUIPMENT boats as shock troops. Togo dealt the Russian commander Admiral Winders, Winches & Auxiliary Components Stark and his slumbering squadron a heart-stopping jolt that rever- 77 EGERTON STREET, LIDCOMBE, N.S.W. berated all the way back to the complacent halls of the Admiralty in Telephone: 64« 0291 {3 lines) St. Petersburg His vessels approached the anchorage by the simple ruse of using Russian signals and found laid out before them, a totally unprepared roadstead. Town lights blazed, shore batteries were obviously unmanned and the Russian vessels themselves lit up as if it were the Tsar's birthday and moored in the exact positions as ALAN H. REID (Sales) h Japan*** and Russians pionaarad in tha usa of torpodo-boat destroyer*. a das* nam* which reported by the superbly efficient latar was shortanod to dostroyars. Tha Japan*** dastroyar Asashio was simitar in siz* and layout to Japanese espionage network. Russian counterpert Both feetur* thro* inch guns forward. Overall length was approximately 250 Pty. Ltd. ft. Top speed wet Just under 90 knots. The Japanese had only recently equipped their destroyers and • ENGINEERS SUPPLIERS torpedo boats with the new 4.000 yard range. 1904 model Whitehead torpedo. Even the early examples of this sophisticated weapon could Wentworth Street, Clyde, N.S.W. inflict crippling damage with one strike, and in anticipation of Suppliers of Russian net defences, the Japanese installed a special net-penetration * Chilled Iron Grit Abrasive * Aluminium Wire * General Engineering device on their new 18-inch mouIdles that made short work of Suppliers the main aspect of the warships' defence system, such as it was. Contractors to the Navy Department In the space of. literally, a few torrid moments, a virtual school of tin fish had been spawned which sliced clean through the anti-torpedo Phone 637 4218 nets hanging suspended from a (deration of war. a Japanese torpedo boot flotMo darted In from the sea efid atl series of booms projecting at right- the Russian warships lying at anchor at Port Arthur. Before the Rusaien crews could be rout of their bunk* and man their gun*, the battlethips Isesarevitch end Retvinn and the c angles from the armoured hulls of Paiiada h the anchored warships.
TLl.la «• Pa(* Twalv* THE NAVV February/March/April, 1972 Frtruary/MBrch/Aprll. 1972 THE NAVY ragi i ronHd FAITH WIIHOUT FOUNDATION target with a minimal risk of dis- covery and therefore a maximum chance of a hit. An unforeseen flaw in The almost-new battleship outer harbour, where her sodden the plan was that several of the revitch was the first to go. A thun- bows nudged onto the rocks. She human torpedoes managed to pene- derous double explosion rocked the came to rest, down by the head, trate too close to their targets: so 13.380 ton French-built vessel, and stern cocked half-way out of the close in fact, that their missiles lifted her stern almost clear of the water; she was secure, but neverthe- guidance systems were unable to ZINCLINE water, thereby revealing a gaping less hort de combat settle on course. In other instances hole where at least one and possibly In order that the mission might the very snort journey through the two torpedoes (accounts vary) had achieve the greatest possible water did not allow the torpedoes' struck home. The concussion measure of success, several engines to develop sufficient power caused near-fatal damage which Japanese officers volunteered to for a solid blow against the targets' included a shattered rudder and she lower themselves into the water hull, resulting in the warheads failing PTY. LTD. to explode. settled in situ on the bottom in and. literally, "swim in" with a live shallow water. She was subse- torpedo; starting the engine with a Whether this part of the overall quently salved and lived on to serve blow of the hand only after a target action was tactically sound or not. it as the flagship of Admiral Vitgeft at had been chosen and aligned with was. nevertheless, heroism of the SPECIALISTS IN ANTI-CORROSIVE TREATMENTS, highest order. The danger of BLAST CLEANING, ACID DE-SCALING, premature explosion (through any cause, including action of the PAINTING, METALLISING, GALVANISING enemy and the inherent unre- liability of early torpedoes) was extreme: and to even complete the long swim in the prevailing con- ditions of war was a feat in itself. Add to these ingredients the fact that it Tucks Rd., Seven Hills. was winter and the sea must have been bitterly cold. The volunteers did not consider these dangers worthy of consideration; their only 622-2183 thought was to faithfully serve and. if necessary, die for their beloved n the United States, the battleship Retvizan was sent to the Baltic Sea base of Kronstadt in 1902 where she was commissioned and almost Immediately dispatched to the Far East to join the country and Emperor. Many of them 1st Pacific Squadron of the Russian Naval Forces based in Port Arthur. While in that harbour on the did in fact fail to return from their night of 8 February. 1904. she was a target for a surprise attack by Japanese torpedo boats, which venture. Most were either killed or started the hostilities prior to the official declaration of the war. During this attack she received a A SATISFACTORY CONNECTION THE NAVY DEFT AND Mt by a torpedo, damaging the huN, but managed to stay afloat through the efforts of her crew and simply disappeared. Very few were was subsequently docked and repaired. She then participated in all of the naval operations of the actually captured alive: the majority Russo-Japanese war Including the naval battle of 10 August. 1904, and was finally sunk by 11-in. of survivors prefering to suicide, slega mortars on 23 November. 1904. She settled to the bottom In very sha«ow waters of the inner harbour and was refloated by the Japanese In September 1909, repaired and then commissioned In rather than face internment, which, the Japanese Navy under the name ol h i«n to a Japanese, would have been British Box Co. Pty. Ltd. morally intolerable. the Battle of Round Island some .six great care. The theory behind this It was probably a torpedo de- months later. was that an almost invisible attacker livered by one of those intrepid swim- A single 18-inch missile gave the could approach very close to the mers that struck the 6.630 ton pro- 67-3054 — PHONE — 67-3054 sleeping crew of the Retvizan the
rudest awakening of their collective The Russian battleship Retvizan settles on rocks in the outer harbour of Port Arthur after being Who are Proud to be Associated with the lives when it tore through the bow torpedoed. 9 February. 1904. She was bu«t in Philadelphia in 1900. was armed with four 12-Inch R.A.N, in the Supply of plates of the big battleship. Ameri- can built at Cramp's Shipyard. Phila- WOODEN CRATES & PALLETS delphia. she was planned along the lines of the contemporary 12.500 ton Ohio class of battleships then For All Enquiries . . . serving in the U.S. Navy and was therefore a comparatively recent MR. H. KAY addition to the Russian fleet, having been commissioned only two years BRITISH BOX CO. PTY. LTD. previously. Her crew, however, were quicker to Coward Street, W/Mascot, N.S.W. act than others. Even as the sea was cascading through her forward com- partments. her black gang manageo to raise sufficient revolutions to gain steerage way. thereby enabling her to crawl to the shores of the
Pap FourtMn THE NAVY Fabruary/March/Aprll, 1972 February/March/April. 1972 THE NAVY PafeFtftaen morning off the port entrance, and FAITH WITHOUT FOUNDATION A Close Liaison, the NAVY DEPT. and . . without any preliminaries abruptly opened fire with a broadside from tected cruiser Pallada on the port With the arrival of dawn, the truth the four, twelve-inch, forty calibre side amidships. This important unit of the situation was rammed home. rifles of his flagship Mikaaa. In of the Far Eastern Fleet had been Two battleships on the bottom, an company were the battleships Fuji, KENWOOD PEERLESS PTY. LTD. completed at the Galermi Island almost-new cruiser barely afloat and Hatuta and Shiktahima and cruisers Yard in 1901 and was still able to most other vessels in the anchorage Iwata, Yakumo, Tokiwa and Yoahino. maintain a continuous sea speed of repairing at least minor and. in some Twenty-four twelve-inch as well as Who are Proud to be Associated with the NAVY DEPT. 19 knots. She was classed as a cases, relatively major damage. But twenty-six eight-inch broadsides in the supply of... protected cruiser; i.e. her protection the oddest sight of all was on the were poured into the roadstead by consisted of armoured steel decks beach where twenty-three torpedoes, the big vessels at a range of about • FOODMIXING MACHINES and large coal bunkers ingeniously with their firing pistols screwed tight 8.000 yards. Several twelve-inch arranged along her sides. Elaborate and needing only a nudge to explode, portmanteaux (as the Russian crews subdivision of the hull completed were discovered lying in various called the quite visible, incoming big * CONTRACTORS TO THE NAVY DEPT. her protection arrangements. attitudes of expended fury; for all the shells) straddled, then caught the (Armoured cruisers were those world like a school of pilot whales, battleships Patropavlotk and which relied principally upon heavy driven ashore by a primeval suicidal Poltava in a deadly rain, creating * For all Enquiries ... side armour for protection. instinct. It is not known, for certain, great damage. The cruisers Aakold, Generally they were larger vessels just how the port authorities rid Novik and Diana were also exten- MR. B.SULLIVAN than their protactad sisters.) themselves of that thorny problem. sively battered. ' ' Steaming out of tho Inner harbour of Port Arthur, KENWOOD PEERLESS PTY. LTD. tha Russian Fleet manoeuvre* to take up position* In the outer 14 WENTWORTH AVENUE, MASCOT roedsteed on 1 Februery, 1904. Left to
Phone: 67-3948 Mandjur. « Tsesarevitch end the gun- boat Grosiastchy.
I mention this for the reason that Nor was it the end of Admiral This time, however, the fight was when the torpedo struck the Alexieff's problems. In addition to not completely one-way. Several A Satisfactory Connection the Navy Dept. and: Pallada't side it pierced her com- the Taataravitch, Retvizan and ships inside the port returned the paratively thin skin, punched clean Pallada. Port Arthur also held the fire and the large defensive forts through the side bunkers and burst battleships Patropavtosk, Poltava, also joined the action, scoring in her boiler-room creating vast local Peresviet, Pobieda and Sevastopol several hits on the invaders and damage, but leaving the remainder and the cruisers Boyarin, Bayan, causing many casualties. Echo Dairies Pty. Ltd. of the cruiser virtually intact. A hit Novik, the German-built five- of such magnitude in the vitals funnelled protected cruiser Aakold Using the methods which were also could be guaranteed to put almost and the Diana; a near sister of employed by his successor in 1941. NEWBRIDGE ROAD, MOOREBANK, N.S.W. any ship out of the fight, and so it Togo lashed out in several areas was with the Pallada. She stayed Acting on the time-honoured prin- almost simultaneously. On the afloat only through the frenzied but ciple that if a job is worth doing at same day that his Battle Fleet bom- expert direction of her engineers alt, than it's worth doing waft. barded Port Arthur, a smaller Who Are Proud To Be Associated With who kept her off the bottom by Admiral Togo, with units of his Battle detached squadron of six cruisers rivetting an enormous patch of Fleet, appeared unexpectedly in the and eight torpedo boats (under the Navy Department in the Supply of: sheet zinc over the gaping hole in her lower hull, the work continuing into MILK AND CREAM TO QUAKER'S HILL the early hours of the morning whilst the pumps went flat out coping with the flood. Despite their efforts, the o Pallada was out of action for many months. Incredible though it may seem in CONTRACTORS TO THE NAVY retrospect, many crews, including those ashore, thought that all the activity was nothing more than a Telephone: 602 8168 rather elaborate exercise; never imagining for an instant that the "upstart little yellow men" would be so impertinent as to attack the great naval forces of Mother Russia in Two Russian warship*, the Vanag (foreground) and Kooetz. In C their own anchorages! the 'apaneae squadron attacked and sank the Vanag and dnkoyri the Korietz. Vanag mm later PaCtUrtMn THE NAVY F.bru.ry/NUrch/AprU, 1972
Fabruary/March/AprU, 1972 THE NAVY Tsar, fearing the loss of the entire fleet, as well as the port, sent Vitgeft a personal evacuation plea: "Put out I with full strength for Vladivostok". Vitgeft put out at the rush. I THIS PAGE SPONSORED BY Hoisting his flag on the resur- rected battleship Ttesarevitch, he I led the equally rejuvenated Retvizan to sea. followed by the Sevastopol, Pobteda, Poltava and lastly the Peret- viet (the flagship of his 2nd-in- Command. Rear Admiral Prince Ukhtomsky). The cruiser division Th. 6500-ton Russian cruiser Vanag »m on* victim of th. overwhelming Japan*** f came next, led by the Atkold General Mutual Insurance — " " * on • February. 1904. (carrying the flag of Rear Admiral Reitzenstein). followed by Diana, FAITH WITHOUT ^^ Novik and the rebuilt Pallada. Eight FOUNDATION ^ destroyers were also in company. Admiral Uriu on the flagship cruiser What was to follow became known as Co. Ltd. »- the Battle 01 Round Island, or alter- Auma) entered the harbour at Chemulpo (now Inchon) in Korea. % natively, the Battle of the Tenth of Sitting in the isolated harbour, per- August. Vitgeft now had a marked forming a guard duty more usually superiority in battleship strength, allotted to smaller gunboats, was but he didn't know it. the large four-funnelled cruiser Togo had had six new capital ships Variag with her smaller companion 174-176 QUEEN STREET £ under his command at the outset of the Korietz. The Japanese squadron on 15 May. he two set upon them like a pack of wolves. The Variag perished under a veri- by to table hail of shellfire to be followed MELBOURNE ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ the Petro- shortly after by the Korietz which paviovsk. That morning, whilst disintegrated with a tremendous explosion — Round Two to Togo. &SLT,~ SLZtTi/Ti patrolling off Port Arthur, he ran into In March, the arrival of one of the •••man and tactician In th. Turiat Navy Ha a field Of drifting mines and in the most competent officers in the •rtarad tha natal wfYlea In law and space Of a tew minutes, the battle- .'" l*7! * "V*®**™ Ships Yaihtma, Hat»u»e and the Tsar s navy. Vice Admiral Stephen agamst strong Turtiisn force*, it was ouring tnese .. . . . __ Osiporich Makharoff. for a while engagements that Makharoff i. credited «fth cruiser YosMno were destroyed. The injected much-needed energy and havinc gained the first poaMve results using the Japanese managed to conceal the famed Whitehead torpedo. Prior to the outbreak Yashima't lOSS until the cessation of optimism into the fleet at Port of the .iueeo-Japeneee War in 1904. Admiral ho$tj|jties R|ght up to the climatic Arthur. The repairs to the damaged Battle of Tsu-Shima. the Russians be- vessels were completed and on 13 lieved that Togo had five of his big April, the Fleet steamed out in Telephone: it» treeted with the highest respect by Russian battlewagons intact. At the Battle of formation to challenge Togo's ships authorities today In early March 1904 Makharoff Round Island. Togo placed his two to battle on the high seas Notwith- the blocked Russian Fleet The following month powerful armoured Cruisers Nitthin standing precautions taken against while chasing a Japanese mine force. Makharoffs and Kasuga, recently purchased the known danger of drifting sea- flagship the Petropavlovsk struck a mine and . .. T .. „,„„. „ 67 7116 mines. the Fleet entered a tract of w^tltown carrying the Admiral. 19 Staff offtcerr ,r0m the Argentine government, in water where several were afloat. Sud- and over soo sailors. his main fighting-line to make up
denly a horrendous explosion shook Russian sailors, surviving the onslaught in Chemulpo Harbour on 9 February. 1904. when their the air and in one stroke the flag- ships. Vanag and Koriet* were sunk, are honoured in St Petersburg. ship. the Petropavfosk, her bows blown off. headed for the bottom like a stone. The loss of life was frightful but the most serious blow to the Motherland was the death of one of her very best Admirals. Rear Admiral Vilgelm Karlovitch Vitgeft assumed command after "THE PEOPLE WHO CARE" the loss of Makharoff and imme- diately instituted a no risk policy. By August, shells from Japanese field artillery falling in the outer areas of Port Arthur, the base was rapidly becoming untenable. The
Fetoruary/March/AprN. 1972 THE NAVY Fetoruapy/MerctyApc*, 1972 FAITH WITHOUT On IS May. 1904. while FOUNDATION cruising off Port Arthur inviting the Russian fleet to come out Admiral colonial port of Saigon, and the Togo led his battle line Askoid, m company with a des- into a field of drift mines and suffered his most troyer. reached Shanghai. The grievous loss of the battered Ttaaaravitch with another battle. In quick succes- three destroyers took refuge at sion the battleship Hatsuse and Yashima Kiaochau. a port in German-leased and the cruiser Yoshino Shantung Province. All these ships hit mines and were des- were interned by the French. troyed.
Spared from the Japanese torpedo attack on 8 February. 1904. the Russian battleship Pobieda German and Chinese authorities fought with the 1st Pacific Squadron based at Port Arthur, entering naval skirmishes of 13 April. 23 and detained by them until the ces- June and 10 August Finally, as was the fate of several of her sister ship*. Pob-eda was caught In the sation of hostilities, at which time inner harbour on 24 No /ember, and was sunk by 11-inch shells fired by the Japanese siege ship decided the issue The Rurik fight. With Japan's military The Fleet That Had To Die (N EL) by Richard they were restored to the Russian batteries. One month after the war. in September. 1903, she was refloated by the Jepanese and went to the bottom and the expansion in the thirties, a Hough. commissioned In the Japanese Navy under the name Suwo Government. Gromoboi and Rossia returned to political/military behavioural pat- Famous Sea Fights (Mellifont) by J R Hale Vladivostok with riddled funnels, Clear lor Action' (Bonanza) by F Hailey and tern should have been detected and M Lancelot torn-up superstructure and acted upon conclusively before Jaqes Fighting Ships 1905-6. and punctured hulls hastily patched with international pride, stubbornness miscellaneous contemporary sources plate-iron telling a deadly story. and tub-thumping passed beyond Readers are invited to comment the control of reasonable men. In all the preceding actions, the briefly on this article. Should there Bibliography: Japanese losses had been very light. be sufficient editorial space in the There remained One Last Battle; the Warships ol World War l (Ian Allen) by H M Le Fleming next edition of The Navy, certain of fight to the death at the Island of the Battleships ol Other Nations (Ian Allen) by the letters will be included. , Donkeys Ears. The full story of that Chariest Scurrell Editor conflict, and in particular, the ships of both participating nations, will be told in Part Two which will follow in the next edition of The Navy. SUBSCRIPTION FORM
History, almost always, repeats To "The Navy", itself. This is particularly true in the Box CI78. Clarence Street Posl Office. history of warfare. Sydney. N.S.W.. 2000. Australia. Think upon these points: 1. The attacks on both Port Arthur I enclose S2.M) being •subscription to "The Na%y" magazine for I*, tears (1904) and Pearl Harbour (1941) I refer notes below |. were made without warning and: Admiral Vitgett assumed command of tha Port 2. Without a formal Declaration of Arthur Float after the unfortunate lost of Admiral Name Makharoff. Fleeing to Vladivostok in August War 1904. he was overtaken by Japanese forces and 3. In both cases, pre-battle killed with his entire staff aboard his severely The battleship Peresviet. renamed Saga mi by the Japanese was salvaged and recommissioned In espionage was superb, being per- Street damaged flagship, (Tsesarevitch/Crown Prince) the Imperial Fleet formed (in the main) by personnel living in the target area. Suburb weight. His main Battle Fleet con- Vitgeft's last orders to his Deputy. The Novik failed to get into Vladi- 4. Both attacks took place whilst sisted now of Mikasa (flagship). Ukhtomsky. were to push on to Vladi- vostok. but reached a Russian port diplomatic manoeuvres were still in Asahi, Shikishima. Fuji. Chin Yen vostok. but that gentleman was not in Saghalien. where, a few days progress. Slate Post Code ^ex-Chinese) and the Nisshin and cut from the same bolt of cloth as later, she was tracked down and des- 5. In each case the time chosen for Kasuga. His back-up force consisted his late master. As darkness fell, he troyed by Japanese cruisers. The the attack was crushingly correct Date of a further eight cruisers, some of lost heart, went about, and led the Vladivostok squadron had come and. therefore, utterly successful. A fleet back to Port Arthur. If only he out to meet the unfortunate Vitgeft. Pacific Battle Fleet being subdued in which were not present in the first Please Print Clearly i The Boyarin was left behind, each case with minimal effort. half of the melee to come. had persevered he migh* have Please make cheques, postal orders or nionev orders payable to The damaged by an accidental 6. In each case, the Japanese The battle began at 1300 hours broken through the Japanese fleet as Navv League' grounding. The squadron was now struck in several places almost simul- with long-range firing and con- their magazines were almost ex- Please place a tick in the square il a receipt is required CH made up of the three big armoured taneously with maximum shock tinued until after 1900 hours. It was hausted when the firing ceased. Subscriptions commence in January ol each year at which time a decided by the superior gunnery of Reitzenstein. with the cruisers, cruisers Gromoboi, Rossia and Rurik. effect. subscription reminder notice is lorwarded to current subscribers — the Japanese together with the tried to execute Vitgeft's last order. 7. The most outstanding point is. Annual Subscription $1 :Mi that the United States Military Intelli- damage done by their high-explosive Tl.d Pallada however left him and fol- They were approaching the Straits •Persons commencing subscriptions to "The Navy" magazine during gence machine apparently saw no shells which were filled with a new lowed the battleships. The of Tsu-Shima and were as far South the quarter commencing APRIL • i.e. sub lor l=i yearsp should remit Japanese explosive having similar remainder of the cruiser squadron as Fusan when they were discovered similarity in vulnerability between S2 30: JULY I sub for l1. years i K 00 and OCTOBER - sub lor I'. years i characteristics to British Lyddite. and their accompanying destroyers and attacked by Admiral Kami- the Fleet Bases of Port Arthur and SI 60 Pearl Harbour. It was realised even in Once again the Tsesarevitch was were forced to part and only the mura's cruiser squadron on 14 Subscriptions lor shorter periods than 12 months cannot be accepted the mid-twenties that one day in the badly chopped about, and in the pro- Novik broke through to the North. August. Once more good gunnery as Overseas subscription rates i by air sea mail i supplied on request cess Rear Admiral Vitgeft was killed. The Diana fled South to the French- against poor Russian marksman- future Japan and America would
Paga Twenty THE NAVY February/March/April, 1972 '•bruary/March/Aprll. 1972 THE NAVY Paga Twanty one FOR ALL INSURANCE PROBLEMS CONSULT THE Periscope on Australia
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NEW SIGHTING EQUIPMENT RAN destroyers are to be Eagle Star Insurance equipped with updated sighting equipment for their defensive armament in a progressive pro- gramme associated with the normal refit of the vessels over the next few years. The equipment, a modified Co. Ltd. component of the Seacat guided missile anti-aircraft system, consists of a pedestal-mounted rotatable binocular-type director, two pairs of which are to be fitted in each of the destroyers. Each unit will be hand- operated; the operator only having EAGLE HOUSE, 473 BOURKE STREET to track the target visually, and position information is fed auto- matically to the ship's fire control MELBOURNE centre. NEW DIVING GEAR The navy has recently taken delivery of a new type breathing set for its clearance divers (see photo). The new equipment, manufac- tured in Western Germany, and known as the Drager FGT1/A. is the most modern of its type available in Captain Geoffrey Woolrych reads the commissioning warrant at the recommissioning of the the world and were only purchased destroyer H.M.A.S. Vampire In the fore {round is Lieutenant Commander Eric Montz. the ship's first after an extensive series of trials.
Telephone: 60 0451 An R.A.N, diver wearing the new underwater breathing apparatus, emerges from the water at the H.M.A.S. VAMPIRE Diving School. Balmoral. N.S.W RECOMMISSIONED On 17 November. 1971. H.M.A.S. Vampire recommissioned at a cere- mony at Williamstown Naval Dock- yard. Victoria, following a $10 million refit (see photo). The modernisation programme took longer than a year and included the fitting of new gun turrets and fire control systems, new aircraft Also at warning and navigation radar and replacement of a mafor portion of the superstructure. 63 IRVING STREET, FOOTSCRAY. Phone 68-6893 Vampire carried out sea trials in Port Phillip Bay during December and rejoined the fleet early this year. 25 LANGHORNE ST., DANDENONG. Phone 792-9324 H.M.A.S. Vendetta, sister ship to i Vampire, is currently undergoing a \
NEXT EDITION MOTOR RADIATORS PTY. LTD. Commodore P. H. Doyle. Naval Officer Com mending West Australia. 50 Salmon St., Port Melbourne — Phone: 67 2297 The* nvit edition of Th«- Navy IIMIVWUII' should be'published duiu CONN BROS. SUBMARINE JOINS A.N.Z.U.K. mid Jum- Watch for these spe< i.il artu l»»s 292 City Rd., South Melbourne — Phone: 69 3247 The Oberon class submarine Book'Reviews 1 he Saga of the S S and Sea Pow MOTOR RADIATORS PTY. LTD. H.M.A.S Ovens (see photo) has in the Mediterranean a History from the S< venfeenlh Century to II 37 O'Callaghan Pde., Horsham — Phone: Horsham 2 2334 present day joined the A.N Z.U K force based on Pari II of Galatea s article . om ITmnt> Russia s naval disasters Singapore her war with Japan 1904 c> I She is the first R.A.N, submarine to or use the facilities of Radiator Repairers throughout Victoria to have new Information re^ar dinj' the naval for < rs of F ran<« Grr many Turk join A.N.Z.U.K. — a five power Natracoolahcore replacements fitted. and the Netherlands defence arrangement between Aus- Repatriation of Onoi's* Na'innals I
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The Shipyard on the West Coast 228 Adelaide Tcrracc. Penh Phone 25-0551. WEEKEND FISHING TRIP P.O. Box 169 MODERATE CHARGES Phone: 2595 Page Twenty-eight THE NAVY February/March/April, 1972 Fabruary/March/April. 1972 THE NAVY Page Twenty-nine Shopping by credit at BOANS is a way of living... and there's Meet the a credit facility for EVERYTHING you purchase at Boans The Federal PreeJdent of the Navy League of FEDERAL PRESIDENT Australia. Commander F. G. Cvana, M.6.E.. PtD.. BOANS store currency RJLN.lt BOANS hfp home furnishing plan Commander F. G. Evans first became associated with Chiefs of Staff Committee. Admiral the Navy League Sea Cadets in 1948 and became Deputy Sir Victor Smith and on Tuesday BOANS personal account morning, the Secretary of the State Commandant in Victoria, and also a member of the Department of the Navy. Mr. State Executive Committee of the League. Landau. AT ALL BOANS 9 STORES Opportunity was also taken to He was actively involved in the re- Committee which reported on the discuss Navy League and Sea Cadet Have it delivered today.. .there's tomorrow to pay organisation of the Sea Cadet move- Sea Cadet organisation in the late affairs with the Director of Naval ment in the early "fifties and the nineteen sixties. This report was sub- Reserves. Captain B. L. Cleary. the formation of the Australian Sea sequently accepted by the Naval President of the A.C.T. Division of Cadet Corps as it is today Board and is in the process of imple- the Navy League. Commander John Commander Evans was Com- mentation at the present time. Howse. The President was also able manding Officer of the Australian Commander Evans manages his to meet Dr. T. B. Millar. Fellow in Contingent at the Empire Sea Cadet family's business in Melbourne, but International Relations. Strategic Best Wishes to the Navy League from the /Management & Staff of:- Training Course in England in 1952. in between times served as A.D.C. to and Defence Studies Centre. Aus- and was appointed Senior Officer of the Governor of Victoria (the late Sir tralian National University — the the Victorian Division in 1953. Dallas Brooks) in 1956. and as author of several books and papers He has been a member of the Private Secretary in 1962-3. on Australian Defence. Federal Council of the Navy League Following his election as Federal In Sydney. Commander Evans and the Sea Cadet Council since they President late last year. Com- called on Rear Admiral Graham. Flag Cheynes Beach Whaling were first formed, and was elected mander Evans called on the Gover- Officer Commanding East Australia President of the Victorian Division nor-General on Monday. 23 January Area and also contacted Rear Ad- in 1967 and also held discussions with the miral H. A. Showers. President of the Commander Evans was a member Chief of Naval Staff. Vice Admiral Sir New South Wales Division of the Co. (1963) Pty. Ltd. of the Sea Cadet Rationalisation Richard Peek; the Chairman of the Navy League. Sponsored by FRENCHMANS BAY ALBANY, W.A. THE EXCHANGE HOTEL BERT ARNOLD — Mix Host For Excellent Counter Lunch Daily Cold Beer Always on Tap Full Range of Wines. Ales. Spirits A Warm Welcome Always Assured Make Yourself Known When Calling 39 BAY STREET, PORT MELBOURNE 300 Yards from H.M.A.S. Lontdal. Phone: 44 4020 Phone: 64-2681 Fabruary/March/April, 1072 THE NAVY Pafa Thirty-ona P«(« Thirty THE NAVY February/MarctyApril, 1972 made of manpower. Such economy stems to a great extent from the use At Sea By of the new turbines, which obviate BASIL GINGELL the necessity for boiler rooms, and to Defence correspondent the increasing use of computers and of 'The Timet", London advanced equipment for fighting the battle by automation. The major WITH THE NAVY ships have or will have such aids that the enemy can not only be located, but the target selected. Guided Missile Destroyer ALL GAS TURBINE SHIP An artist's impression of tha British through dec* cruiser (helicopter carrier) now being designed. When Britain decided that the aircraft carrier, which While the cruiser still remains on While the combined gas and steam had become the capital ship of the Royal Navy, was too the drawing board and no firm order turbine engine was a tremendous Two New Frigates strains imposed and proving to the full the toughness of the material, expensive to replace, and that in any event such ships were has yet been given for her building, step forward, even more advanced What may be the Navy's last major spread over Britain's five major is the all gas turbine ship, the first of ships powered only by steam tur- an order was given for the prototype. out of place in the tasks visualised for maritime protection shipyards, work is well in hand on which — the Sheffield — was bines are the two frigates now being It took a long time for the wooden in the future, the planners began an exhaustive study of fashioning the hulls of tomorrow's recently launched by Queen Eliza- built to complete the successful walls of England to change to steel, a future requirements. warships. beth at Vickers yard at Barrow-in- Leander class. These ships are further step to glass reinforced plas- tic is undoubtedly still a long way off. are expected to cost at least 40 Among the largest of the new ships Furness. north-western England. reckoned to be some of the finest It is now beginning to become Submarine Capital Ships million pounds, the Navy rejects the soon to commission is the guided The system of using two types of looking now afloat and for the new- apparent what that new look will missile destroyer Bristol (5.650 gas turbines — one for cruising and comers the honoured names of For the foreseeable future, the nuc- mean. Ships under design, idea that it should be thought of primarily as a mini-carrier tons). She was laid down in the other for full speed — had under- Apollo and Ariadne are being re- lear submarines, which used to be development and trial are seen to November 1967. and her size alone gone extensive examination when vived. Two of the class — Aurora and called "hunt-killers" but are now embody the proved seakeeping The cruiser is planned as a must place her more in the ranks of they were installed in one of the Euryalus — took part last year in designated "fleet submarines", are qualities of well tried established command ship from which to direct the escort cruiser than the older frigates. HMS Exmouth, for joint exercises with the South likely to remain the capital ships of classes, but significant advances are a NATO operation or dominate a destroyer Her combined steam and evaluation. African navy under the Simonstown the Navy. To the four already in being made with new propulsion and small war gas turbine engines give a speed of The results of the trials in this way agreement. service, five others are building, and a vast array of technological 32 knots has enabled initial snags inherent in Vospers. on England's south coast, a sixth is about to commission. developments which have been the Powered by gas turbine engines, With guided weapons for anti- any new machinery to be ironed out with a long tradition of building fast Eventually these will entirely products of the Navy's research which provide exceptional speed and aircraft and ship-to-ship operation, befo. e coming into front line service. patrol boats, principally for foreign replace the conventionally-powered establishments. manoeuvrability, the new cruiser will she also carries the Australian- Present intention is to install this countries, and whose distinctive patrol submarines. The only regret It is being boldly claimed that by carry the French Exocet guided developed Ikara anti-submarine kind of propulsion in all Britain's craft now operate from Malaysia to that the submariner has is that the 1980s Britain will have a modern missile for ship-to-ship attack and missile and radar controlled cannon. major warships. Libya, have three exciting ships of more effective torpedoes have not fleet, not of course by any means the the Sea Dart guided missile system One of the great factors about the Like the Bristol. the Sheffield will new design building — Amazon, yet made their appearance in the largest, but equipped and balanced which though primarily anti-aircraft new ships is the economical use have similar guided-weapon which was launched by Princess Navy's armoury. to make it rank as one of the most has a ship-to-ship capability. systems On the stocks at the same Anne. Active and Antelope. A fourth For the operations the fleet may efficient in the world yard is a sister ship, the Cardiff, ship of the same class is being built reasonably be expected to under- Since the time of Nelson, the while at Cammell Laird's yard at by Yarrows — the Ambuscade. take. the mixture provides an frigate has been the backbone of the Birkenhead, north-western England, Another bold experiment being effective balance. Navy, but the ships that carry this two similar vessels — the Birming- undertaken by the Navy is the con- Old ships are going and their designation today are among the ham and the Coventry — are in struction of a mine-hunter with a names are now being earmarked for most sophisticated afloat, and hand. They will have the benefit of hull of glass reinforced plastic. Vos- the newcomers who will be able to developments in tram promise well the sea experience of Sheffield pers. who have developed this revo- carry out the age-old task of keeping for their part as Ihe work horse of which, as lead ship of the class, will lutionary method, built a complete open the sea lanes more efficiently, the Navy. have been operational for some section of the hull for tests at the more speedily and. what is vastly Through Deck Cruiser time when the Birkenhead-built Admiralty's research establishment important for the men who serve in Still on the drawing board, but ships commission. in Scotland. Having stood up to the them, in greater comfort. destined to be one of the heaviest ships will be the new through deck cruiser. For ten years, designers Best Wishes to all Ex-Naval Personnel from . . . have worked on the preparation of a THE BRLADSPECIALIST new cruiser and more than 40 studies have been undertaken. Work on the current sketch design began B. & H. SAW & PLANING CAIRNS INDEPENDENT in July. 1969. and bears little MILL BAKERY resemblance to those of its forerunners. The through deck s the term * Sawmillers Home of Heck's Pies applied to the flight deck configuration which will provide facilities for the operation not only MORAYFIELD, QLD. 4506 A Hawker Siddeie, name- V.T.O.L. (v^ticai ^ .nd U^ln,) C^ W^ ^T^ l^on T^ 194 NEWEL STREET. CAIRNS, QLD. of the latest helicopters but the flight deck of th. cruiser HK.S. Blake during trUie. The a Phone: Caboolture 95 1040 Phone: 54-1333 developing jump jet aircraft which St 3 Inches (7.70 metre,. and a lop fed <* 7J7 m.MM"* JJJLTJ will then be in service. While the new through deck cruisers. Still In th. dot*" »Uf ,or ,h* * 'ump * cruiser, and suosequent sister ships aircraft it »« helicopters. Ftbruary/MwtVAprM. 1*72 THE NAVY Pace Thirty-three THE NAVY February/MarctyAprH, 1972 Page Thirty-two U.S. military analysts believe the Soviet Union may be EDMUNDS BROS. building its first aircraft-carrier. A very large vessel was under con- that in the late 1930s — as part of an struction at a shipyard at Nikolayev, effort to design and build a large Pty. Ltd. on tha Black Saa. H had what ocean-going navy as opposed to one appeared to be aircraft elevator wells for territorial defence — Stalin and large tanks for aviation fuel. unsuccessfully attempted to get They estimated that the ship, when U.S. help, in the form of blueprints ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE EQUIPMENT WHOLESALERS completed in about two years, would and some components, to build be m the 20.000-ton to 30.000-ton carriers. class. Four carriers were said to have That would approach the size of been planned for completion by the U.S. Essex class aircraft carrier 1948 and would be the largest warship in Robert Herrick said in his book 464 LATROBE STREET, MELBOURNE the Soviet fleet. "Soviet Naval Strategy". published Since construction was still in a by the U.S. Naval Institute in 1968. relatively early stage, the analysts that World War II caused the money Phone 30-4171 said they could not be sure what kind destined for carriers to be diverted to of ship it would be. other military programmes Some said the only other kind of American analysts said they had ship it might be was a petroleum seen no evidence the Russians were 922 NEPEAN HIGHWAY, MOORABBIN. 95-1839 supertanker. developing and testing jets with But several factors lead most folding wings to allow them to fit in analysts towards the view it will be the ship's elevators or with low-stall 28c ASHLEY STREET, WEST FOOTSCRAY. 689-2309 an aircraft carrier. speeds to enable them to slow These include: Finally, the analysts believe that, if sufficiently to land on a carrier's The ship is not being built at one of the Russians are determined to short flight deck. the commercial yards, but at operate fleets of warships in places • But this did not mean such Nikolayev. where the helicopter such as the Pacific and Indian development efforts were not under carriers Moskva and Leningrad were Oceans, the Mediterranean and the way: they said. built. Caribbean, they would need aircraft Many of them felt that, if the Sponsored by Large elevator wells would not carriers to help protect the surface Russians did intend to add one or seem appropriate for a super- ships from air attack and to project more carriers to their Navy, they tanker. They are wider than those on tactical air power ashore. probably would employ — initially, the Moskva and Leningrad, sug- The vulnerability of U.S. carriers to at least — so-called vertical and gesting they are designed for attack has long been asserted in short take-off and landing aircraft. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES lowering planes rather than heli- Soviet military literature. Sincc 1967 the Russians have been copters. Indeed, the Russians have known to be experimenting with Early construction appears to be developed a variety of relatively long- such jets. that of a warship with several decks, range missiles that can be fired A Yakovlev jet. code-named PTY. LIMITED rather than a tanker, which would against carriers from bombers, Freehand by Western analysts, was have very deep storage areas and surface ships and submarines. flown at an air show at Domodedovo only a top deck. What is not well known, though, is in July. 1967 Best Wishes to all Naval and Kx-Naval Personnel from HERBERT HOTEL 314 ST. GEORGES ROAD T. EARLY & SONS PTY. LTD. (N.R.tR. FARRAWAY, Lie.) THORNBURY, VIC. STOKES STREET. TOWNSVILLE, QLD. Manufacturers of QUALITY FURNITURb Cool Ale always on Tap. Friendly service assured. Excellent accommodation Full range ol Wines and Spirits Stocked in our Bottle Dept Telephone: 480 1255 300 LYTTON ROAD COLMSLIE, QLD. 4170 Telephone 71-2641 Telephone: 95-2788 THE NAVY February/MarctVAprll, 1972 Paft Thirty-Four Fabruary/March/Aprll, 1972 THE NAVY P«C« Thirty-five Nautical Notes from all Compass Points Wright Stephenson & Co. Ltd. J) lC>if Sfmmr BRAZIL (Incorporated in New Zealand) The Brazilian Navy has six 3.500- ton MK 10 type frigates known as the Niteroi class being built by Vosper Thornycroft Ltd Four of the six are under con- A drawing of the SchuUe class German a WRIGHTSON HOUSE, 330 ST. KILDA ROAD struction at Southampton in Great MELBOURNE Britain and two will be constructed in Rio de Janeiro. Federal German Republic. These are the same as the 30 presently in Two different types of frigate will service in the Bundesmarine. The be built: one specialised anti- 200-ton vessels will have a speed of AGRICULTURAL SEED & GRAIN MERCHANTS submarine type, whose armament 24.5 knots, carry one or two 40mm. will include Australian designed BLOODSTOCK & SEMEN anti-aircraft guns, and have a crew Ikara missiles, and one general-pur- LIVESTOCK & STUD STOCK SALESMEN of 36 men. They will be named pose type to be fitted with Exocet Aratu, Anhatomorin, Atalaia, and FARM MERCHANDISING RETAILERS surface-to-surface missiles. In Aracatuba. addition, both types will carry Seacat missiles. 4.5 inch guns, anti- When these ships are commis- submarine weapons and a helicopter. sioned. other ships will be placed in Telephone: 69-3185 Each vessel will carry three digital reserve, notably five former Ameri- systems, each based upon a Ferranti can destroyer escorts and four 1.800- FM 1600B computer. The three FM ton destroyers of the Amazonas 1600B systems are interconnected class laid down in 1940. but which to permit transfer of data between did not join the fleet until 1949 to them in digital form. 1951 The Ferranti systems in each ship Sponsored by (total value. 5 million pounds) will CANADA comprise one tactical and display Communications Installation system and two fire-control systems. Gloucester The tactical system will be a A communications training and development of the Computer- research installation about ten Green & Hodges Assisted Action Information System miles south of Ottawa — Canadian (CAAIS). Six Deccascan two-man Forces Station Gloucester — will be display positions will be fitted, moved to Kingston, prior to October showing combined radar and this year, and will become part of the computer-generated data. Canadian Forces School of PIE MANUFACTURERS Communications and Engineering The weapon-control system will at Canadian Forces Base. Kingston. control both above-water and ASW weapons, so that damage to either of PIES & PASTIES OF QUALITY the two systems will not leave the ship defenceless against either type PARTIES AND FUNCTIONS of attack. Senior Promotions SPECIALLY CATERED FOR Three senior officers have been The 424-foot-long frigates, due for promoted in the Canadian forces: delivery during 1976/79. will be named Niteroi, Imperatriz, Isabel, Brigadier General William J. Grant Campista, Defensora and Consti- to the rank of major general upon tuicao. appointment as deputy comp- 13 MAIN STREET BALLARAT, VIC. In addition to the six frigates, two troller-general. He succeeded Major submarines — Humaita and Tamoid General George H. Spencer, who — of the 1.600-ton Oberon class retired after 33 years' service. have been ordered from England. Captain Carl W. Ross has been pro- Telephone: 32 1108 Four minesweepers of the Schutze moted to commodore and suc- type are under construction in the ceeds General Grant as director- Abeking & Rasmussen yards of the general of senior appointments. P«(* Thkty-»lx THE NAVY F«bru«ry/Mlrch/Apfll, 1972 February/March/April, 1972 THE NAVY Pace Thirty-seven i __ .J& NAUTICAL NOTES Higgins Hygienic Bakery Pty. Ltd. PIES—PASTIES—PARTY PIES our speciality WEDDING & BIRTHDAY CAKES submarine of the Japanese Mari- all her vital resource needs, has long time Self-Defence Force, is the first eyed Siberia's extensive wealth. But of a new class and the largest of the Russia had been stalling Japan's postwar era. economic desires in Siberia for a Shaped with a "teardrop" hull, she number of years. World conditions is 236 feet long, has a 32-foot beam, continue to change, however, and so 97 FRYERS STREET, SHEPPARTON, VIC. a speed of 20 knots and a crew of 68 does Soviet foreign policy. Russia Commodore Cart W. ROM. officers and sailors. has been watching the U.S. warm up EAST GERMANY to the Kremlin's dreaded neighbour. Phone: 21 2311 Modernisation of Minesweeper RUSSIA'S NEW INFLUENCE China. The thought of a Sino- Fleet WITH JAPAN American non-aggression pact sends An extensive modernisation While the world has watched the chills down the backs of Kremlin programme for the Volksmarine recent thaw in relations between leaders. (East German Navy) minesweeper China and America, the Soviet Union Moscow, furthermore has force is presently underway. and Japan have quietly been anxiously been watching the growing Because of serious damage to improving their own ties. rift in U.S.-Japanese relations. The machinery and hulls, the mine- Russia is using the vast mineral- Soviet press is taking all oppor sweeping groups of the zonal navy laden expanse of Siberia to entice tunities to attack the U.S. and China Best Wishes lo All Members of H.M.A.S. Cerberus. . . have not been in readiness for the Japanese industry. And Japan has as being anti-Japanese. It appears past few years to carry out their shown considerable interest in this that as Washington's influence con- tasks. Most units are 16 to 18 years new source of raw materials, tinues to decline in Tokyo, the old. From 1952. 12 ships were built especially now that she finds herself Kremlins influence will improve for high seas minesweeping service becoming isolated by Washington somewhat. DES FIDLER (modified Habicht ships of 500- to and continually harassed by 650-ton displacements). These Chinese accusations of "reviving GREECE were equipped for duty as mine- militarism". Purchase of U.S. Destroyer HASTINGS HOUSE OF FURNITURE layers. Fifty Schwalbe-class ships Plans for increased co-operation The veteran destroyer U.S.S. Frank carry out coastal minesweeping with Russia in exploiting Siberian Knox (DD-742) has a new name and duties. The 50-ton ships, however, natural gas and oil have been a new flag, but the Greek ambas- are considered unsuitable for this announced. The Soviets, in addition, sador says ". she will sail with U.S. Furniture — Floor Coverings type of work. would like Japan to build an oil pipe- ships in the cause of peace' Electrical Goods—Large Range The new ships are of the 280-ton line from Irkutsk to the eastern port Basil G. Vitsaxis. Ambassador of Kondor class, which is similar to the of Nakhodka, but Tokyo has not yet Greece to the United States, Special Attention Given to All Federal German Navy's Schutze responded to this proposal. accepted the 2.500 ton vessel on class. They have been developed Japan, which has to import almost behalf of his government from Rear Navy Fund Loans with a closed bridge and will be 153 feet long and will have two diesel U.S.S. Frank Knox of the Gearing class. Photograph taken in 1945 showing two torpedo tube mounts. engines of 2.000 h p. each. They will be equipped with 25mm. anti- 77 HIGH STREET, HASTINGS, VIC. aircraft guns. and. later, radar- controlled 4-inch, ,30-calibre guns will be installed. Phone: 79 1642 JAPAN Japan s largest — the Uzushio — a conventionally powered. 1.850-ton P*f.TMrty-4ght THE NAVY F.bruary/MirctVAprM, 1S72 The submarines, under construc- AS helicopters and other logistic NAUTICAL NOTES tion at Cartagena, are basically the units. THIS SPACE SPONSORED BY ubiquitous Daphne type with the first In February. 1970. Constructions due in 1973. Mechaniques de Normandie Admiral Douglas Pate. U.S. Navy, Under a U.S.A.-Spanish Co-opera- delivered to the Spanish Customs commander ol the Pacific Fleet tion and Friendship agreement Service a 32 25m patrol vessel Cruiser-Destroyer Force. signed on September 26. 1970. it is powered by two 1,300bhp Mercedes- ""This ship now bears the name of anticipated that over the ensuing Benz (MTV) diesel engines capable of UNION STEAM SHIP Co. Themistocles, one ol the most dis- five years the U.S. will transfer to the providing a top speed of 29 knots tinguished men of antiquity." Spanish Navy two submarines, live and a 235hp Hispano-Suiza cruise Vitsaxis said after the American crew destroyers, three LSTs and several engine lor 7-9 knots. tiled oil and the Greek colours were of N.Z. Ltd. run up the mast. Admiral Pate said the ship, which was commissioned in 1944. has been almost totally rebuilt since 1965. when she ran aground on a reel off Hong Kong. -With all that reconstruction." he noted. "... she is in much better condition than many of her contemporaries." The Greek government paid the 59 WILLIAM STREET, MELBOURNE United States $229,500 lor the ship SPAIN Modernisation and Fleet Hi. M SN«tli cwnbtMd mlfMi*)Mr. topot MD command »hip. Ai vsborg Telephone: 62 2331 Replacement Proframme Three years ago. after studies and SWEDEN THAILAND consultations with friendly naval Five-Year Programme New construction in hand includes powers, it was decided to drastically The Royal Swedish Navy has this a Yarrow-designed CODOG general modernise two existing destroyers year embarked upon an extensive purpose frigate due for launching and to build live frigates and four five-year programme. shortly with completion in 1973. submarines, with American and In 1970 12 FPBs ot an advanced Two diesel-dnven 900-ton frigates French technical support respec- Spica-class were ordered from Karls- are on order with the American Ship- tively. in Spanish shipyards. This krona with delivery commencing in building Company at Toledo. was a most important decision both 1973 McCOLL ELECTRIC WORKS for the Navy and the shipbuilding The Splca is a sophisticated and industry. expensive vessel and. mid-1971, it is UNITED KINGDOM The modernisation involved the 31- proposed to evaluate a Norwegian Pty. Ltd. knot steam-turbined Refer da Laurie Storm-class vessel with a view to Plastic Minesweeper and the Marque* 4e la Eneenede using this less costly type to back-up The world's first plastic warship, a which were recommissioned in the Spicat. minesweeper that is rustproof and 1970 and 1971 respectively armed The combined minelayer, will not trigger magnetic mines. She with three twin 127mm dual- submarine depot ship and command was launched earlier this year at A.C. & D.C. MOTORS & GENERATORS purpose turrets, two triple launchers ship Ahrsborg is now in commission, Portsmouth. England. The 500-ton DIESEL ALTERNATOR POWER PLANTS for AS torpedoes, one AS heli- an important addition to the fleet, in vessel. H M.S. Wilton, cost copter. two sonars (one VDS). and particular she will provide mine- approximately $5,200,000 to build MOTOR CONTROL EQUIPMENT AND SPS40 air surveillance radar. laying training for national service- and has a 1 '..-inch thick hull of glass Building at El Ferrol, the new con- men. reinforced plastic (see photo). SWITCHBOARD DYNAMOTORS struction frigates. DEG 7-11. are basically of the U.S. Brooke-class incorporating a mast of the "Knox" type built largely with Spanish sub- 1 34 SPRINGVALE ROAD contract equipment; e.g. the turbines are by Empresa Nacional SPRINGVALE, VIC. Bagan and the boilers by Astilleros Espanoles. The armament com- prises a single launcher for a standard SAM. a 127mm/54 calibre dual purpose gun. ASROC. two triple Telephone: 546 8622 torpedo launchers, two AS heli- copters. two sonar (1 VDS). The first of the series. Bateares, was launched in August. 1970. and the second. N VY Pat* Forty THE * Fetoraery/llerctyAprll, 1972 Andaluca, in March. 1971. ^ turbine main engines, and a diesel you've ever left a bottle of water to NAUTICAL NOTES auxiliary engine — providing a top stand outside. The green scum speed of approximately 40 knots which forms on the inside surfaces of the bottle consists of algae. In Small Fleet Auxiliary dried-out form, these tiny little This Space Kindly Sponsored by: Track'ng Radar Simulator Marconi Radar Systems are supplying a 350 000 Pound Sea Dart radar simulator for the Royal Navy's School of Tactics. Navigation and Action Information Organisation. ELDERS METALS LTD. H.M.S Dryad. The equipment will take its place in the part of the trainer simulating the operations room and weapon Branches in All Capital Cities control systems of the new Type 12 destroyers, which are to carry the Sea Dart (GWS 30) surface-to-air guided missile system. The simulator will be used to train This new Royal Fleet auxiliary plants float around the atmosphere 5th FLOOR, 499 BOURKE STREET command and operations room Graan Rovar, is designed to replenish in a state of suspended animation. teams of the future fleet, and it will Royal Navy ships with fuel, fresh Wherever there is water, they come provide a completely realistic sea water, dry cargo and refrigerated to life again and quickly multiply. exercise at only a fraction of the cost stores under all weather conditions. Most algae have a high protein MELBOURNE of actual sea training. Tests for the She is 461 feet long, has a beam of content. Since a considerable operators will be programmable and 63 feet, a deadweight tonnage of proportion of the world's population Dryad instructors will be able to about 7.000 tons and is manned by suffers from protein deficiency, any assess their students' performance 42 officers and men. The ship has a means to place extra protein at the Telephone: 60 1211 durmg ano afier an exercise helicopter landing platform, served disposal of undernourished people by a stores lift, for transfer of at low cost is most welcome indeed. Fast Training Boats supplies by air. This explains why an experimental farm in Mexico, run by F.A.O.. the United Nations' Food and Agri- culture Organisation, has been testing ways to grow algae for human consumption. After "harvesting". the algae are pulverised, sugar is added and a new type of flour is obtained. The testers have been using this flour to bake JOHN BROWN cakes: they claim that in addition to being highly nutritious, their cakes Men's and Boys' Knitwear, Knitshirts and Socks are actually quite tasty. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA JOHN BROWN INDUSTRIES Hydrofoil Gunboat Prototypes The U.S. Navy has awarded to LIMITED Boeing a sole-source contract for the construction of two 170-ton PHM hydrofoil gunboat prototypes, equipped with surface-to-surface 110 TRENERRY CRESCENT versions of the McDonnell Douglas H.M.S. Scimitar is the lead ship in a UNITED NATIONS Harpoon missile. The U S.N. is new class of three fast training boats Algae and Cakes reported to be anxious to obtain the ABB0TSF0R0, VIC. 3067 for the R.N. The other two are H.M.S. Cakes baked from a flour derived operational version of the Boeing Cutlass and H.M.S. Sabre. These 100- from algae may. in the years to hydrofoil (based on the Boeing 60- ton training craft are of wooden con- come, make an important contri- ton experimental Tucumcari gun- struction with aluminium alloy bution to the campaign to overcome boat) as soon as possible to counter superstructures. They have an the protein shortage in the diet of the U.S.S.R.'s SS-N-2 Styx cruise Telephone: 41 7016 or 41 5221 overall length of 100 feet and a beam millions throughout the world. missile system, which is carried by of 26 feet. Manned by two officers Algae are small vegetable Soviet patrol boats as well as larger and ten sailors, the vessels have a organisms existing in vast quan- vessels and has a range of about CODOG propulsion system — gas tities in water — as you will know if 25nm. If the evaluation trials are February/March/April, 1972 THE NAVY Page Forty-three P.ge Forty-two THE NAVY F«bru«ry/*»rctyApril, 1972 I The idea of a mobile, ocean-basing aircraft was rolled out last November be the first one of many of her class missile launchers, one twin surface- NAUTICAL NOTES NAUTICAL NOTES system is not new. but the modular in the U.S.A. It was the first of eight — gi.en the name Krivak by NATO — to-air missile launcher, and two twin floating platform concept en- research and development (R & D) and the workhorse of the fleet by 76mm. guns. successful the U.S N plans to place visioned by the Naval Civil Engineer- aircraft Lockheed-California is 3.000-ton destroyer which could be the mid-1970s. As one Western naval officer said: a follow-on order for 30 of the type, ing Laboratory is a different building under contract with the U.S the fastest surface ship in the Red While the principal mission of the "All those weapons systems on a and other NATO nations are also said approach Sections would be fabri- Navy The first flight of the aircraft fleet. Krivak destroyer is believed to be ship of about 3.000 tons! Pound for to be interested The Tucumcari type cated ashore, launched, towed or took place during early January. According to NATO sources, the 45 anti-submarine warfare (ASW). she pound, she's got to be the most has a wateriet propulsion system self-propelled to a site, and then 1972. and tests will continue until mile-an-hour. gas-turbine destroyer has substantial surface-to-surface powerful surface ship in the world." driven by a 3100hp gas turbine lOined together to form a self June. 1972 The S-3A is intended to was first spotted undergoing sea and anti-aircraft capabilities. The The officer noted that the Russians engine, and a similar but much contained, offshore base* facility replace the Grumman S-2 Tracker in trials in the Baltic in December. 400-foot ship, which is loaded with do not concern themselves too larger system will be used in deve- Results of the Laboratory's years of U.S.N service The production 1970. The ship, latest in a string of the latest electronic gear, is armed much about habitability for their loping the projected PHM American investigation into the various types contract will cover a total of 199 air- new Soviet surface combat ships, is with two quadruple ASW rocket- crews — nor do they have to worry reports say the hydrofoils will be of construction materials indicates craft and unit cost will be about believed to be a prototype. Some launchers. two triple ASW torpedo very much about recruitment and used operationally to trail surface concrete would be the primary $US 14.700.000 Western naval officers say she could tubes, four surface-to-surface retention of personnel. vessels of a potential enemy and will building material used in such a Capsule Lifeboat be armed with conventional naval proiect. The U S Coast Guard is testing a guns as well as the Harpoon missile Roll Out the S-3A device called the Brucker Survival New Missiles for Submarines The first S-3A carrier-based A.S.W Capsule, evaluating its suitability for The U.S. Defence Department CHANGE OF ADDRESS recently awarded a contract for a Important notice to Subscribers to "The Navy" and Fellows of the Navy new generation of submarine- League of Australia. launched missiles with a range of up to 6.000 miles. The $US25 million ($A22 million) It would be helpful to the Editor and tha Pott Office K you would kindly complete the form contract went to Lockheed Missiles provided below prior to moving from the postal address registered with the Navy League, thereby and Space Company ensuring thet "The Navy" reaches you on time. The ULMS (underwater long-range missile system) will have a range more than twice that of the multiple- warhead Poseidon missile which now r~ carries between 10 and 14 indi- vidually targeted warheads about NOTICE OF CHANGE OF ADDRESS 2.500 miles It will give the nring submarine a greater operating range and reduce To: The Editor, its chances of detection. "The Navy" magazine. The Pentagon at present envisages Box CI78, Clarence Street Post Office, putting the ULMS missile aboard Sydney, N.S.W. 2000, Australia. existing Poseidon submarines, but a (PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY) new class of submarine could be Mr. developed The estimated cost of 25 sub- Name: Mrs. Miss marines equipped with the new Rank missiles is SUS15.000 million ($A13.400 million). Present address: Mobile Sea Base The S-3A anti-submarine aircraft designed to replace the S-2 Tracker is cxpected to become operational with the U.S. Fleet during 1973. I will be moving from the above postal address on use on board merchant ships. Manu- factured by the Whittaker Cor- to reside at: poration. the capsule is a totally (date) enclosed sphere, measuring 13'? feet in nameter and nine feet in New address: height. It contains seating space and survival rations for 28 persons. Propelled by a 40hp engine, the capsule has a speed of 3.2 knots and (please include your postcode) can turn within its own radius. I am a 'Subscriber or •Fellow of the Navy League U.S.S.R. (• delete inapplicable words) Triple-Threat Destroyer Reported Tested by Russia Signature: The Soviet Navy is testing a new triple-threat, guided missile ship, a February/March/April, 1972 February/March/April, 1972 THE NAVY Page Forty-flva Address to the 44th annual Summer School of the University of Western SPONSORLDBY Australia, by the Minister for the Navy. Dr the Honourable Malcolm G Mackay. B A . B D M P — 28 January 1972 GENERAL CREDITS LTD. great powers. Other states however lie in a grey area, and it is with regard Australia's to the future of these states especially that much of the world's AND political energy will be directed in the period under review. Defence Outlook POLITICS AND DEFENCE: A.F.G. INSURANCES LTD. I have stated that, in terms of major defence decisions, politics is One of the prime requirements for the determining factor. We should any planner for national defence never forget that politics is primarily Iflembers of: would seem to be a crystal ball. While a matter of power and sectional every attempt is made to minimise advantage. Applied to the inter- the area of its use. both by the national scene it is useful to list THE COMMERCIAL BA1%K OF collection of intelligence and the those sanctions or incentives which development of our own knowledge are most effective in terms of AUSTRALIA LTD. and capability, nevertheless there is political involvement. still a large ingredient of the The most important consideration unknown. is strategic or military value, as this GROUP OF COMPANIES My first presupposition is this. As bears directly on the self-defence this century draws to a close, the and therefore the primary need of world will be more and more the super-power. For this reason dominated by three super-powers, certain states, with little else to offer, viz. the U.S.A.. the U.S.S.R. and may nevertheless be held dearly as a China. Each will be equipped with a valuable asset in the defence multiplicity of super-weapons, and strategy of a greater power. By the will be able to unleash massive same token the nuisance value" of a destruction. At the same time the state or lesser power must also be technical capability of each for taken into account, such as if the combating such an attack from The Honourable Malcolm G. Mackay. BJL. B.D.. military capacity of that state is another power will also increase Ph.D., M.P., Minister for tha Navy. sufficient to make it a factor to-be- Compliments to all Members from: enormously. Space too will become reckoned-with in disturbing or increasingly important as an area of AGGRESSION-BY-PROXY: embarrassing the strategic situation. exploitation for military purposes. However, while the super-powers Another factor bearing directly on Following these three super- themselves may find that, for some the outcome of political considera- powers there is a second line of considerable time, the checks and tion is the quantum of economic and major powers, which include the balances of deterrence are so industrial capacity of a country, i.e. Europe of the future (if they can persuasive that they do not move the value of any lesser state, in MILLER ROPES solve their internal difficulties to the directly, in terms of military action, economic terms, to a super- point of presenting a united front). there is nevertheless the developing power. A nation's resources and Japan and India — and pcssibly one strategy of aggression-by-proxy, i.e. overseas investments are clearly or two other groupings of powers. It of lesser powers undertaking large considerations vitally affecting is only in the next area of still military adventures under the aegis any major political decisions smaller powers that I would place of a super-power. In a sense this is a regarding its defence arrangements. TWINES Australia — and any discussion of brinksmanship type of conquest This is an area where Australia must her defence requirements must take such as we have seen carried out in be particularly sensitive to her own cognisance of this perspective. Cuba, in Central Europe and on the national interest, as it may well Australia alone could not withstand fringe of Asia. The vital question prove that it is in this region as much a determined onslaught by a super- here for a defence planner is one of as in any military one that her power. and any system of defence "how far will the proxy go without chances for significant support from AND TEXTILES against such a threat entails a involving the super-powers her future allies may lie. The price guarantee of support from at least directly?" The struggle in Indo-China and the benefit of such actions must one other such power. Hence, in this is a classic instance of this strategy. continually be weighed and region of the ultimate sanctions of It does not nf»d Breshnev to tell us evaluated of course. force in the world of tomorrow, the that there are smaller powers which Only after these matters have been first line of Australian defence is lie within the specific zones of mentioned would I place what I call clearly political. influence and concern of each of the Public Relations values, under which Page Forty-«ix THE NAVY F«bru»ry/M«rch/Aprll, 1972 February/March/April. 1972 THE NAVY Psge Forty-seven of time, space, race and colour are political developments justifies that AUSTRALIA S being removed. We must ask: Is cynicism. DEFENCE OUTLOOK mass opinion another and even The western democracies may well potentially greater factor than those I have built their political systems head I would lump together have just mentioned. around a faith which could readily sentiment, philosophy, loyalty, the Faced with the threat of a nuclear prove fragile — namely that the consideration of blood being thicker holocaust, more and more ordinary masses will continue to abide by than water, and so on — which in people seem to be turning away from majority decisions. This principle MISZKOWSKI WASTE TRADING CO. time past have been so vital in under- military sanctions, from the was once generally acceptable, girding many defence arrangements. settlement of disputes by armed especially when cultural, moral, 670 Beaudesert Road, Salisbury, Qld. In short, in order to take advantage force. But the question must still be legal and religious sanctions gave it of the political presuppositions of asked whether such opinions and widespread support. But. faced with national defence, the smaller power even the protest of huge numbers an increasingly intransigent must be able to demonstrate that, on could be enough to change the minority, the elected majorities of any balance, it would "pay" a super- directions of history. A superficial the future may be confronted with power — (its own particular great view of democracy may contend that an appeal to force, which when Dealers in Cleaning Cloths and powerful friend) — to 'stay with it should be. I would argue, however, accepted will mean that democracy it' — for some or all of the above that history shows that democracy as we know it will dissolve, at least Cheesecloth — Cotton waste — any waste considerations. as well as being an ideal to be valued temporarily. is often only a technical NEW POLITICAL FORCES: In the Communist world there has convenience, and that in practice it At this stage a warning must be never been any such political depends whether the majority of sounded, because there is a grave idealism — simply because the voices also control a majority of the danger of our assuming a set piece' appeal to force has always been available power. All too often it view of the powers in the world accepted as the ultimate issue. The Suppliers of cleaning rags to the would appear that the reason for today. I have used national or masses, even in an overwhelming ascribing victory to the majority in Royal Australian Navy geographical terms in describing the majority of numbers, but without political decision-making, is simply various powers contending for global military power, have simply had to that they could be expected to leadership, but these are not contain themselves in submission or possess more power than tne necessarily the most important face the bloody frustrations of a minority! A great deal of what one delineations. For example, it would Hungarian or Czechoslovakian-type sees of modern international Phone: 47 4531 be a brave man who would attempt revolt. to predict any single characteristic A.H. 41-1568 viewpoint or set of values which he would attach to say the U.S.A. of twenty years from now. or to a future Russia or China. Another struggle is raging across the traditional alignments of nations which might With Best Wishes to all Naval Personnel from be summed up as the battle for the mind of the common man. Political, economic, industrial as well as military strategies may once MANSFIELD HOTEL THOMAS ft WALL have been capable of national or racial delimitations, but the barriers (Larry Blatchford Lie.) PTY. LTD. Cool ale always on Tap 6 MANTON STREET Full range of Wines & Spirits stocked HINDMARSH, S.A. First class accommodation Phone: 46-3861 • Distribulors of: All types of Fasteners. Screws. Bolls, and 743 FLINDERS STREET Nuls. Washers, etc. TOWNSVILLE Fenner Transmission Supplies. Vee Bells. Pulleys. Speed Reducers. Coupling:., etc Phone 71-2865 ALL GENERAL ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS February/March/April, 1972 THE NAVY Page Forty-nine Fefcruary/March/Aprtl, Pace Forty-eight THE NAVY AUSTRALIA S Singapore and Malaysia are again it is necessary for us to obviously important, and the ANZUK question whetner the West as a Tha inm to efficiency Ilea in QUALITY CONTROL DEF tNCE OUTLOOk arrangements are a demonstration whole can match the resources of DISTRIBUTED BY of our concern and desire for a voice the East. Our friends and ourselves The propaganda of the East and in any new power movements in the are vulnerable to tactics of division, the leftist idealism of the West have area. industrial sabotage and the often made common cause in recent Overarching all else however is the destruction of confidence which can times by proposing pacifism as a great politico-defence value of the readily reduce our economic policy for the West while choosing to ANZUS Treaty which both we and strength. In terms of military disregard the monumental more importantly the U.S.A. manpower and hardware the LOVELOCKS militarism of the East. For all the talk consider vital to defence planning. ultimate question emerges whether of peace there has never been a time This represents solid achievement in the West will be able to retain at least suppliers to Royal Australian Navy when the world has faced such a terms of ultimate defence. No realist an equally or sufficiently formid- of QUALITY CONTROL equipment for frightening and massive agglomera- would argue that an automatic able capacity to deter aggression. Refrigeration, Airconditioning and tion of armed might as is accruing in response should be demanded It is vitally necessary for us in the Soviet Union today. So much for whereby we would obtain instant Industrial applications, Du Pont Australia to learn the politico- the common man's dreams of support from the U.S.A. without military lessons of Indo-China and FREON refrigerants and solvents peace. The Communists offer us the prior decision by their political Taiwan as well as those of Central peace of a prison. authority. Nevertheless, every new Europe. We have seen the sentiment, assertion of the prime importance of loyalty or morality factors in inter- F. C. LOVELOCK PTY. LIMITED The same contrast applies in terms ANZUS. such as achieved by Mr of the armed forces themselves. In national politics sink to bottom place McMahon when in Washington among necessary considerations. Head Office and Sydnay Branch: the Communist countries there is no recently, is of immense value, and is 19-21 BUCKLAND STREET, BROADWAY — Phona: 211-2811 apology for the basic recruiting Indo-China and Taiwan are cases in about as far as any realist could point. The world generally is appa- NEWCASTLE CANBERRA PERTH "incentive' which is that of a expect our ally to go. requirement by the State — again rently prepared to sacrifice the free- 766 HUNTER ST JWILUNAST I.G. PRITCHARDP/L dom of these countries, and with it HK HAVELOCK ST. with the ultimate sanction of Nevertheless, having said all this, it NEWCASTLE WEST FYSHWICK the lives of millions who have trusted Phone:61-57115 Phone: 95-K22 Phone: 21-6546 forceable induction into the services. is still necessary for us to ask In Australia however, we have tried ourselves in brutal frankness such their word for motives varying from sheer indifference to a transient poli- ADELAIDE BRISBANE MELBOURNE primarily the method of increasing questions as: How sure are we of tical expediency In the light of the 162-164 GOUGER ST. 67-73 MARY ST 602 LITTLECOLLINSST. incentives of a different kind. Wages the possibilities of our closest cold realities of super-power politics, Phone:51-2154 Phone: 2-3481 Phone 61-2545 and conditions for our servicemen friends maintaining their present have been bettered immeasureably. political determination?' — or 'To a small power such as ourselves must and compare very favourably with what degree will the future surely be excused for cynicism in community norms. Our National governments of allied nations be this field. It should be admitted that Service reauirement is the minimum able to count on the support of their protests against any form of military which has been necessary to sustain own peoples in situations which action are much more effective in what is after all a very small fighting could be vital to our security but the West than in the East, to say the MERCATOR SALES force in face of the counter- which might involve them in the least. By the same token too. the attractions of civilian life. sacrifices of war?' These questions resources of the West — whether are the political crunch for all treaty- political, economic, military, or in the mass media — these areas are COMPANY WHERE AUSTRALIA STANDS: makers. much more open to attack from Turning now to Austral.a's unique In addition to political considera- within than they are in the A Division of position, let me reiterate that the tions there are. of course, economic Communist world. major questions facing us in and industrial areas where once The Schlegel Manufacturing Co. (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. defending Australia are primarily political. Looking at the world scene Australia'* 4.900-ton guldad missile destroyer of tha Charles F Adams class. H.M.A.S. Perth it is obvious that the super-power 565-569 HARRIS STREET, ULTIMO, N.S.W. with whom we stand most closely and with whom we hold most in Phona 211-2855 common is the U.S.A. In the same way. among the second line powers. Suppliers to the Department of the Navy of:— Europe (including the U.K.) is clearly our closest associate, and we have NEW! GOLD FORMULA AQUAMATIC UNIVERSAL high hopes that Japan and India will continue along the democratic path. Much of our diplomatic initiative of The most advanced Synthetic cutting fluid known. the future should be directed towards greater and closer ties with A report received from the Dept. Navy shows outstanding results in all these two countries, and of course machining applications. with our next-door neighbour. Indonesia. We can and should project our Aquamatic has solved the problem of Dermaiitis on the hands of Operators. politico-diplomatic defence strategies into the region most vital to our own interests. The future of Pace Fifty THE NAVY February/March/April, AUSTRALIA S DEFENCE OUTLOOK For Your Future Reference . . THE CRYSTAL BALL: What will be the final outcome of all this? I must really appeal to the FRED BERRIDGE crystal ball at this stage, for here we are clearly entering an area of high speculation and personal opinion, and what I now say on this topic is CONSTRUCTION CO. more than ever my own private view. I believe that man is man — regardless of his race or colour. That basically he prefers peace to war. 34 SUTHERLAND ROAD, WINDSOR, N.S.W. love to hate, beauty to ugliness, honesty to lies, and all the other simple but ancient values. It is my faith that in the end these things will prevail. In short, that time is on our Who is Proud to be Associated with the Navy side — if we stand for these things. Department in their Construction Work I have however taken a cynical view of immediate international political decision-making. I cannot Contractor To The Navy Department afford, as a Minister of the Crown, charged with defence respon- The Hntir SkkMty HARftttft V/STOL f%titec. The Harrier can deliver a heavy load of ordinance at sibilities. to give myself the luxury of «peed» of over 600 knot*. Telephone: 72-5392 isolation from brutal present reality. You and I would not be talking It would seem to follow from what I 3. The military role for Australia speculation and theory if we were in have said that the advantage must lies within a limited sphere — we the University of Phnom Penh today. steadily drift towards the East unlaas must be able to oppose any military I have spent some hours with some new quasi-ideological force, incursion into our vital spheres student leaders there recently, and it some new and virile expression of interest. We should expect to be able is a very, very sobering experience the human spirit, emerges in the to defeat an aggressor, other than a indeed. West. This movement will require super-power or major power. In a There cannot always be a state of more than the motivation of fear. To situation short of war created by balance in unstable equilibrium succeed, it must be able to persuade greater powers we should be able to between the great and super-powers. ordinary men freely to discipline make it 'not worth-while' for them to What does ONE As an idealist, it is my hope that themselves to achieve as much if not try to bully us out of our areas of human values will obtrude across more than their regimented great national interest, e.g. the the boundaries of political division counterparts achieve in the exploitation of the resources of the and diminish tensions and finally Communist countries. Without such North-West shelf of Australia or the reduce the risk of war. As a realist. I national teamwork we could well be defence of Papua and New Guinea. must be prepared to see the like stupid passengers squabbling 4. We must be able to join with immediate advantage increasing for Johnnie's Credit over the allotment of choice cabins our friendly neighbours in those opposing powers which in a sinking ship. withstanding attacks which would enforce a rigid cont'd over their It is against such a sombre endanger Australia if they were to mass media, their economy, their political expressions and their backdrop that I think of the succeed in penetrating our general military preparations. particular problems of future area of concern. Card give you? defence. 5. We must be able to protect our The rate of military development, shipping lanes and our mainland and Easy Shopping at Johnnie's Four Stores in South Australia especially :n the USSR's Naval LISTING THE FACTS: where necessary to carry the resources, is stupendous. Until I see To summarise a few military military initiative into other parts of evidence to the contrary I must issues; therefore: our region. believe what the Russians and 1. It is clearly impossible for NAVY AND AIR RUNDLE STREET; ARNDALE; MARION; ELIZABETH Chinese have clearly and continually Australia alone to consider defence MORE IMPORTANT: maintained — that they intend to against the determined assault of a To undertake these tasks we need dominate the world, if necessary super-power. a somewhat different alignment of The opportunity to use any of our Accounts ... a monthly, with up to 60 days getting there by force of arms. Only 2. It is also highly unlikely that we military priorities from those which a very few words and a few ping-pong to pay: a Budget or No. 2. with small extended payments: a Household could withstand aggression-by-proxy have pertained in the past. In future balls so far gainsay that threat — Account, tor larger-than-usual items. Open your account at Johnnie's, today. for very long — left to our own we must be able to exert a maximum while scores of millions chant every resources, e.g. if a third power were Ask any sales-person for details. day slogans such as "political power of effort in our own right. As soon as to be equipped with nuclear arms or grows out of the barrel of a gun". we say this we realise that the nuclear submarines. military emphasis now swings much February/Hare h/AprH, 1972 Fetoruary/Marcty April. 1972 Pace Flfty-thrae Pag. Fifty-two THE NAVV presence, is to keep as fully AUSTRALIA S DEFENCE OUTLOOK informed as possible, to show the AUSTRALIA'S flag where we can. and to indicate a (ii) The possible destruction of a dream of developing resources that DEFENCE OUTLOOK capacity to fight for our interests potential enemy's nuclear capability would enable us to have a with equipment which, ship for ship, on a first strike basis formidable fighting force but a should be at least the equal of any disgruntled population and a more to the Navy and the long- For us independently to possess a non-nuclear vessel in the world. In beggared economy. It would be ranging aircraft of the RAAF than nuclear weapon, and even a vehicle short we should be able to make it as futile, for example, for us alone to hitherto. Surveillance of our region to deliver it. could possibly be a step painful as possible for even a super- dream of developing adequate IN OUR OWN RIGHT will be backwards for Australian defence, power to try to bully us. and at the resources to try to counter Soviet increasingly important — much as unless we also were in the forefront same time we should have the naval power in the Indian Ocean. Let we will have to depend on our,allies of these two fields of research In a capacity to defeat aggression from me give an example — Even if we for comprehensive intelligence war situation a nuclear armed such lesser sources as I have already wished to make such a purchase, The existence of our own military enemy would be obliged to use this mentioned. one single nuclear attack submarine deterrents will also be most capacity to destroy our necessarily would probably cost in the vicinity of IN CONCLUSION: important, and the Fill's and our meagre nuclear resources — and at $250-millions. Russia is currently Finally and by way of summary of submarines will have important the same time he would be producing one every month and is the core of my thesis: the roles here Our internal capacity to increasingly immune to any attack reputed to be able even now to Government is determined to see supply and maintain our forces will we might wish to press upon him. be vital for an island which can be produce at least one of these boats this nation equipped with the most readily blockaded by nuclear Once again the sheer cost of every fortnight! Let's face it. we just modern and powerful military submarines maintaining any respectable aren't in that league — and we never capability that Australia can afford — continually balancing the degree In naval terms I believe we must proficiency in this field would be will be. for any practical planning of threat with other prime national place a very high priority indeed on utterly enormous. The Government purposes — so our role must be requirements — political, our ship-building capacity We must at present has no such pretensions quite different. That is why the Prime diplomatic, economic and industrial remember that to keep a minimal Minister, during his recent visit to force of destroyers available, we THE QUESTION OF COST: Washington and London, placed so — many of them equally significant should be adding, on the average, at This brings me to the vital question much emphasis on the in our ultimate defence. We will at ail least one ship of this type to the fleet of overall military expenditure. I encouragement of an allied naval times plan and build so that we will every eighteen months. Destroyers, have said that our national defence presence in the Indian Ocean. This is have both the capacity and the allies submarines and patrol-craft, backed depends ultimately on political elementary commonsense. to resist and defeat aggression. Only up by adequate auxiliaries, are a decisions. We must see to it that we when we are bending every nerve to MUST on any view of defence are significant to our friends as well The best we alone can hope to do. these tasks can we afford the luxury requirements as dangerous to our enemies It from the viewpoint of the R.A.N.. of hopeful thinking about tne good would be utter nonsense for us to regarding the Russian naval intentions of other people. One other important naval item yet remains, and I refer to Naval Airpower. A major study is being carried out to answer the questions H.M.A.S. Melbourne AacsMp * "oyl Austria Nevy HI be too oW for further sen*. at th. here and I cannot prejudge the end of this decade. Consult Us with Your Next Glazing Problem result. Accepting the strategic role of the Fill, however, there still seems to maritime activity by the RAAF I be well to mention the nuclear be an essential requirement for both would not like it thought that l am deterrent It is my expectation that naval anti-submarine and strike unmindful of other essential many military skills of the super- aircraft in the strategic situations I LANSDELL GLASS developments, especially with regard powers in the next twenty years will have outlined above. H.M.A.S. to major equipments in the Army be directed towards two major Melbourne will be too old by the end and Airforce. objectives — of this decade, and. subject to what (i) The effective counter to or 12-14 AUDREY STREET A NUCLEAR DETERRENT? the study reveals to us. it would nullification of any attack by nuclear Before leaving the question of appear that, for at least the armed missiles or aircraft, and remainder of the twentieth century, maior weaponry, however, it would NORTH CO BURG, VIC. we will require some alternate form of seaborne aircraft platform. One Get MOBIL Service it . possible ship currently in view is the Phones: 35-2787 — 35-2876 "through-deck" cruiser of the Royal Navy This will be a self-contained NOOSAVILLE GARAGE & light cruiser with her deck SERVICE STATION unobstructed for operating Glazing Contractors — Sheet Glass — Figured Glass — Polished helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft of (ALEC LOCKART. Proprietor) Plate Glass — Mirrors — Table Tops the STOL variety. The U.S. Navy's "Sea-control ship" is a similar concept. Such ships would, however, General Repairs — Welding — Prompt Reliable Contractors to Trade and Retail. Aluminium Windows a Speciality cost a lot of money — much more Service Guaranteed than the DDL that we have been Aluminium Showcases planning recently. 138 GYMPIE TCE., NOOSAVILLE. QLD. Phone: TcWANTIN 47-1157 Consult Us With Your Next Glazing Problem For obvious reasons my discussion has mainly centred on the Navy and Free Quotes — No Obligation THE NAVY Febniary/ltarctyAprll, 1972 Page Fifty-lour Nicol Bros. Pty. Ltd. 10-20 Weston Street ALL CLASSES OF STEAM. DIESEL AND GENERAL BALMAIN EAST, N.S.W. H.M.S. Drake ENGINEERING Proof Testing and Fabrication. Phone: 82-0367 (3 lines) Cargo Gear to 100 Tons As a Matelot of 1908 vintage, I was Georgie saw it had only three funnels gunnery record of the British Navy: After Hours: Dead Weight to 40 Tons interested in your article on H.M.S. (I forget the ship now) his comment Wiggy Bennet. A.B.. was the gunlayer. 76-9485—86-3225—451-7427 Approved by NATA Drake (Tha Navy, August-October, was: 1971 Edition. Page 17), and thought "No dam fear I'm not having that. I Not much thought went into a few comments connected with have to face the electors when I get warship design then, the Powerful Drake might be of interest to your back, what do you suppose they are and her sister ship Terrible could not readers. At the time of her sinking going to think about three funnels use much of their armament in a bit By courtesy ol she was commanded by Captain ROBIN HOOD INN swinging around No 1 buoy? I'll of a seaway: their casemates were too Stephen Radcliffe, who was also the settle for nothing under four close to the water, still they were first Skipper of the first Australia, funnels ". Hence the Drake upheld good for ceremonial purposes, and BLACKTOWN, N.S.W. and tha Drake, under Rear Admiral Georgie's honour. the sense of security they gave the Sidney Cooke Sir Dicky Poore, was tha last flagship Gunpower didn't count, after all taxpayers equalled the security given (Popular Mine Host. JOHN LAZANAS i of the Royal Navy based on Sydney the flagship was only something to by their crews after a run along prior to the Aussy Navy taking over. hang flags on while it swung around George Street with beer at a Tray a Tha previous flagship was tha Power- No. 1 buoy. The Challenger, pint. • Icy Cold Tooths Beer at Its Best Fasteners ful which relieved tha Euryallus. Encounter, and the P Class Cruisers * Popular Snack Bar An interesting episode will describe did all the sea time. The Challey Back in those days our latest the reason for the Drake being sent under Guy Gaunt, (later Admiral) bogy, air pollution, had not been out here on the Powerful'* return to and his No. 1 Snakey Jepson. was the Phone: 622-0205 Pty. Ltd. invented, all the smoke that issued England. Sir George Reid was invited happiest and the chattiest ship in the from the flagship's funnels came to give her relief the once over; when Navy: in 1912 it held the six inch from the cook's galley anyhow. Manufacturers of: AT YOliR SIRVK I Wood and Metal Thread Screws, Nuts, Washers, All Matalt See us for your For > our Holida> Requirement Huckbolts and Equipment Suppliers and Contractors to R.A.N. Establishments DRAFTING EQUIPMENT — SLIDE RULES Inlormjlmn & Hookinpv C .ill or Telephone DRAWING EQUIPMENT — FOUNTAIN PENS Howard Smith Travel Centres GENERAL STAIONERY 40/46 McEVOY STREET GREETING CARDS FOR ALL OCCASIONS WATERLOO, SYDNEY SCHOOL SUPPLIES S,*M>:26*GRAF9CST 37*611. DIHWI: 522 CALTIN* SI 621711. P«rt tM.ife: I Todd SI J7 W.\' IKMMW: I Mou-iit St JS6IJJ: NmMk: IHWJNSI 24711. Cairn: 111 \M*m SI 2UV6 Phone: 69-6221 Andrew S. Robb Pty. Ltd. FOR FUTURE REFERENCE . . . KARBONKRAFT SALES (N.S.W.) PTY. LTD. 592 BOURKE STREET Who are proud to be associated with the Navy Department Suppliers of TELKPR INT RIBBON, CARBON PAPER MELBOURNE CONTRACTORS TO THE ARMED FORCES For further Information contact THE TECHNICAL OFFICER KARBONKRAFT SALES (N.S.W.) PTY. LTD. Telephone: 67-4232, 67-5469 HANNON STREET, BOTANY. Telephone: 666-7634 February/March/AprM, Page Fifty-six THE NAVY February/Mar ch/AprH. 1972 THE NAVY PaeeFmy-eewn NAVt It AGUE Of AUSTRALIA i VICTORIA DIVISION Seafarers Service at St. Paul's United States to mark visit of U.S.S. League off Australia Cathedral. A.S.C.C. Commanding Officers GoMsbrough. Annual Meeting. Australian Sea Cadet Council and H.M.A.S. Hobart entertains Navy League Federal Council Dinner for Commanding Officers (VKVMHAM HVIIION) members of Navy League and at home of President. Meetings (Canberra). A.S.C.C. representatives. Navy Ball in Canberra. Combined Executive Committee A.S.C.C. Rationalisation Commit- Lord Mayor's Dinner at the and Ladies Committee Meeting. tee meets in Sydney. Melbourne Town Hall. Coral Sea celebrations. PRESIDENT'S REPORT — ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING Sea Cadets participate in Moomba President and Vice-President Executive Committee met Mr. festivities. 9 NOVEMBER, 1971 Lance Barnard. M.H.R. attend Meeting of Geelong Navy League party for retiring Committee. Ladies and Gentlemen. intact if possible — all these things activity and influence as an U.K. Sea Cadets visit Melbourne in N.O.I.C.. Commodore Ian Purvis and H.M.S. Intrepid in Melbourne. Instead of the usual report. I am require some form of direction, and organisation involved, in particular, M.V. Canopk. Mrs. Purvis. with the well-being of the Royal (Daily activities included Executive this year listing a selection of items it is the Navy League's task to Members of Executive Committee Younger Set receptior for U.S.S. taken from the Navy League "diary" provide this direction. Australian Navy. Again, this work lunch Commanding Officers Meeting with Captain Staveley. R.N.. Jouett and Younger Set Party.) during the period 1 July. 1970. to 30 If. to the above, one adds the requires extensive communications Stalwart and Brisbane. June. 1971. All the events mentioned communications which take place between the States, the Navy. Navy Open Day. H.M.A. Naval Dockyard. have involved the Navy League between Divisional Staff Officers and Leagues in other countries and so Williamstown. Master Mariners FUNERAL DIRECTORS and/or A.S.C.C. in one way or a dozen different Naval branches on, and is likely to increase if we do Annual Dinner-Dance. another — some the whole and authorities: between the Senior our job properly. Navy League Younger Set MEAD SON & CO. organisation, others attendance by Officer and other States and with In Victoria, our administrative barbeque party (attended by Officers your office-bearers and representa- Unit Committees and numerous expenses have remained fairly from Stalwart and Brisbane). t. W. (Win) MEAD outside organisations, it will be constant for several years despite tives at events of note. President's party for representa- 190 Albany Highway, Victoria Park, W.A. I thought I would do this to give appreciated that the administration increased activity and costs. This tives of Navy League groups. R.A.N, you some idea of the increasing of the A.S.C.C. is a major headache stability is due in part to our and A.S.C.C. MODERN NEW PREMISES scope of League activities in the life on both national and State levels. Secretary. Miss E. C. Shorrocks. who Navy League (Victorian Division) of the community, and with the hope Particularly if it is considered that carries out much of the Secretarial Annual Meeting. Phones: 61-1158,6-3482 that all members will be encouraged not one single person is employed work now in an honorary capacity, Australia Day celebrations. , Ask us to send you a copy of our informative to become personally involved. full-time m either the Navy or the and to whom I express gratitude. Reception by Consul-General of | publication ... "Important factsconcerning funerals" Although consideration of the League to cope with it. The fact remains that we must Balance Sheet and Accounts is a As you know arrangements are increase our income so that we can separate item of the business of this being made to relieve the Navy not only fulfil our administrative Meeting. I wish to refer at this stage League of all or part of its responsibilities, but also do more to to financial matters. administrative and other help units with their building and You will note in the accounts responsibilities, but this will not amenity requirements which do not. incidentally, include come to pass for some time yet. and I conclude by thanking, most Marino Contractors Pty. Ltd. the income and expenditure of the in any case. I think it would be a pity sincerely, my colleagues on the various Sea Cadet Unit Local if the League abdicated all its Executive Committee: the President Committees (which in some cases is responsibilities to the Sea Cadets. of the Ladies Committee. Mrs. Trevor considerable) that administrative It is not for me to say what Hatfield: and the President of the items absorb a high proportion of arrangements other States make to Younger Set. Mr Andrew Roberts, ON CALL AT ALL HOURS the year's income, which is cope with their problems except that for their co-operation and support unfortunately lower than the they have them. I can say that in through the year (Sgd ) F G. EVANS. preceding year. Victoria, the Division could not have ___President. OUR PAST EXPERIENCE YOUR PROTECTION It is the administrative respon- functioned properly without the sibilities of the League which I refer Secretariat provided by the Navy Functions to now. and it is a matter which has League. Even so. to be Divisional Company of Master Mariners concerned me for years. As long ago Senior Officer, a Unit Commanding Dinner • BARGE CONSTRUCTION. HIRE^N^CHARTER^OR OIL. MINING AND PR,MARY in fact as 1953, when I made my first Officer, or a Staff Officer involved Royal Melbourne Yacht Squadron submissions to the Navy on the with supplies, training etc.. is an Dinner and Presentation of Prizes. • CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT FOR HIRE subject. Obviously some 2.000 expensive pastime. Executive Committee meets * MARINE ENGINEERING Officers. Instructors and Cadets in I appreciate that people working Minister for the Navy (Mr. J. Killen). 38 Units scattered throughout the for a cause like to see their efforts Navy League Younger Set Commonwealth engaged in a realised in buildings, equipment and "launching" party. specialised form of youth-training: so on. and indeed most of the A.S.C.C. visit to Chinese Warship P.O. BOX 1034. DARWIN each Unit organised like a ship — money provided for the A.S.C.C. Nanyang. Younger Set reception for with Cadets to be entered, kitted-up. goes into this type of facility. I think Nanyang. FRANCES BAY, DARWIN instructed in a variety of subjects, it is unfortunate that administration Naval Association Service at Christ promoted, occasionally chastised, (POSTCODE 5794) is almost a despised word, because Church. despatched on courses, and to ships to the A.S.C.C. it is just as important. Navy League Dinner-Dance. which land them in other States I have not mentioned the League Open Day T.S. Barwon, T.S. Telephone: Darwin 2822 whence they must be recovered itself, which is growing both in Melbourne, T.S. Voyager. Pac*F«ty-«icht THE NAVY February/March/AprM, 1972 Fefcruarr/HarctyApril. lg72 THE NAVY Paw W» Compliments from... Best Wishes from... Continental Car Sales TOFFOLETT'S ?03 SYDNEY ROAD Fully Licensed Restaurant — Open Monday to COBLIRG.VIC. Saturday — Dinner Dance Friday & Saturday — If you wish to dispose of your present vehicle or Reservations Available purchase a good used car contact us first 632 GLENHUNTLY ROAD Special consideration given If you mention this SOUTH CAULFIELD. VIC. journal Telephone: S3 9551 Telephone: 36 4546 "The Civilian Arm of the Mavy" The principal objective of the Navy We invite you to swell our ranks League of Australia is to stress the vital DIVISIONS and so keep up to date with Maritime This Space with Compliments .. importance of Sea Power to the New South Wales - Box 1719.G.P.O., Best Wishes to all Members Affairs to help to build an Commonwealth of Nations and the Sydney. 2001. Kolter Furniture C. F. & V. A. SIMMONS important role played by the Royal ever-increasing weight of informed Victoria — Room 6. 2nd Floor. 528 Australian Navy. public opinion. The Navy League will Collins Street. Melbourne. 3000 Pty. Ltd. Milk Bar - Mixed Business The League, in conjunction with then become widely known and Queensland — 39 Pinecroft Street. Camp Hill. Queensland, 4152. Grocery Lines — Delicatessen the Commonwealth Naval Board, exercise an important influence in the Confectionery Tasnania - administers the Australian Sea Cadet life of the Australian Nation. WANNAN STREET Corps, by providing Finance and South Australia - Box 1S29M G.P.O.. technical sea training for boys who Adelaide. 3001 HIGHETT, VIC. 113 McCRAE STREET The League consists of Fellows and intend to serve in the Naval or Western Australia - 182 Coode Street, DANDENONG, VIC. Merchant Services, also to those Associates. All British subjects who Como,61S2. Telephone: 95 8763 Phone: 79-2-2814 sea-minded boys, who do not intend to support the objectives of the League Australian Capital Territory - 60 follow a sea career, but who given this are eligible for membership. Members Limestone Avenue, Ainslie, 2602. Northern Territory - CI- Mis. V. M. knowledge will form a valuable reserve receive copies of the League's magazine for the Naval Service. Slide, 12 Allen Street, Fannie Bay. •The Navy". 5790. Best Wishes to all Naval Personnel from... Best Wishes to ail Navy Personnel from the. .. Alberton Hotel THE NAVY LEAGUE OF AUSTRAUA Warwick Nursing Home (P. a K. BR I EN. Props. I Application for Membership (Matron Blundell) Fine Spot for a Good Spot. Where the Beer is Cold and the Welcome Warm To: The Secretary. The Navy League of Australia. 49 KING WILLIAM ROAD 124 PORT ROAD I Division). UNLEY, S.A. ALBERTON, S.A. Sir. Telephone: 75 751 Telephone: 47 1069 1 am desirous of becoming a Member of the Navy League of Australia with whose objects I am in sympathy. ^Mr.i Best Wishes to all the Navy Boys from Best wishes to all Naval Personnel from... Name (Mrs... < Miss I ASTOR HOTEL AURORA HOTEL I Rank I IMiec Host: Mrs. H. M. Eekertl Eugene (Mick) Meegan Mine Host Please Print Clearly THE AIR-CONDITIONED. LUXURIANT Street Suburb 95 Gawler Place, Adelaide LOUNGE-BAR GRILL ROOM Your choice of Menu Plus Dekclablc Salads Stale . Postcode • Friendly and courteous attention • The best of The Best of Choice Steak. SI .60, Marinated Steak Beer. Wine and Spirits * Counter lunches and teas SI .SO. Steak to Order $ 1.30. Signature Date daily served in an excellent atmosphere * Fully air Mn. to Frl. 12 aooa to 2 p.*. Sat. 12 aooa to 2 p.m. conditioned • Phones in every room Eveaiag Meals 6.00 to 8.30 Enclosed is a remittance for $4.20 being my first annual subscription. Telephone 51-6408 182 PIRIE STREET, ADELAIDE AFTER COMPLETION. THIS FORM SHOULD BE DISPATCHED TO YOUR DIVISIONAL Tetephoae: 23-2021 SECRETARY - NOTE LIST OF ADDRESSES ABOVE THE NAVY February/MarctVAprl, February/MarrfvApril. H72 THE navy Navy League of Australia — Queensland division Navy League of STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS ~ I : r I AT 31st MARCH, 1971 ANNUAL REPORT 1970-71 RECEIPTS To Balance — PAYMENTS $ By Divisional Expenses — Bank of New South Wales $ 496.67 Postages. Printing, etc. Presented at the Annual General Meeting Members' Subscriptions 112.92 102.70 Federal Council Dues — Bank Interest 16.18 Division by the President Navy Day Dinner — Receipts 77.20 270.00 Rockhampton Surgeon Commander A. H. Robertson, R.A.N.V.R. Federal Council Dues — 11.70 Bundaberg 1080 Territorial Branches 32.40 Townsville 9 90 109.60 Territorial Branches — Contributions 3.60 During this year, the League has the League before the amended presence into areas of Queensland Navy Day Dinner 260.9C Brisbane Grammar School — Refund 30.00 continued to expand with the Naval Defense Act is proclaimed. which previously lacked any such Welcome Function N.O.I.C. Q'ld. 49.63 commissioning of a new Territorial This waiting period has been a test influence. Brisbane Grammar School — Branch at Rockhampton. This for the League, the A.S.C.C. and the This effort has been mounted and Preparation of Ground (Navy Week) 30.00 Branch is now actively assisting the Naval Officers involved, but co- maintained by a membership which Advances Against Efficiency Grant — operation between all three has been newly recognised A.S.C.C. Unit T.S. has never exceeded fifty, but in co- Tyalgum 12.i3 Rockhampton with the acquisition of maximal, and relations are as cordial operation with Banks, especially the Gayundah 791 housing and facilities in association as before. Bank of New South Wales, has Bundaberg 492 24.96 with the Harbour Board. The unit This harmony over eighteen years created assets worth tens of Balance — Bank of was formed some years ago and by of activity by the Queensland thousands of dollars. New South Wales the devotion and energy of its Division has been facilitated by the 363.49 The Divisional Colour was donated Officers and Instructors has passed few changes in office bearers. $951.55 by Ansett-A.N.A. as was the unscathed through the trying pre- The founding President $951.55 handsome shield by the A.M.P. recognition limbo, and now Commander N S. Pixley. M.B.E.. Society for competition by completes the A.S.C.C. coverage firmly guided the establishment and Provincial Units. from Cairns to Southport. expansion of the Division, assisted None of this would have been Th is Space Sponsored by... Great credit for the formation of by four secretaries, of whom Mr. G. possible without the generous co- the Branch is due to the Secretary. B. O'Neill gave outstanding service operation of the various Harbour Mr. David Hope, who came to the and implemented the entire existing Boards who have made available area after serving in T.S. Pioneer. organisation. The Treasurer for the whole period excellent sites for the development Kingaroy. a country centre, has of Unit Headquarters. Wm. Holymon & Son formed a committee and their has been Mr. H. V. Pearce. a business request for a Warrant of Commission executive whose impeccable When the statutory link between has been endorsed by the accounting has saved the League the League and the Naval Board is Queensland Executive. and Corps from many financial dissolved, the Division will provide entanglements. the largest number of Cadets in Pty. Ltd. The Bundaberg Branch followed its The Navy Dinner was held in Australia, four times winners of the well organised Lease signing Brisbane in October. 1970. and was Efficiency Shield, housed at ideal ceremony by the acquisition of attended by Rear Admiral Castles, sites, and officered by men who funds, the pouring of foundations the Third Naval Member. Mr. Roland believe that the Navy, ships and the and the commencement of building Moisel. President of the Bundaberg sea have many useful things to offer on its site at P jrt Bundaberg. Branch and other distinguished Australian Youth. SHIPPING AGENTS Over the same period, the Mackay guests. The constitution of the League Branch opened extensive new In May. 1971. the Division held a may later be amended in matters of additions to the fine waterfront Buffet At Home in Moreton for detail and this will be discussed at building occupied by T.S. Pioneer. members and guests and Naval the Federal Meeting about October in Attractive and functional Navy Officer in Charge Queensland. this year, but the Divisional 390 FLINDERS STREET League Buildings now house A.S.C.C. Commander Evans. R.A.N.. informed Executive believes that the Units at Cairns. Townsville. Mackay the gathering about Tha Fleat Air objectives of the League in and Southport. with Bundaberg Arm with illustrative slides and films. Queensland should be maintained as MELBOURNE approaching completion. 1971 will probably be the end of an before, whilst the disposal of rents This is an impressive performance era. when a civilian non-profit received on properties should by Territorial Branches of the company combined with the Naval provide a welcome change of Queensland Division and will Board to produce a unique Cadet financial pace for the various Telephone: 62 2411 complete the building programme of Corps which introduced a navy type Territorial Committees. Page Sixty-two THE NAVY February/March/AprH, 1972 Fetoruary/MarcVAprtt, 1872 THE NAVY I- t_ Belfast-built Carrying Cruiser and anything There's peace of mind in knowing that is easier damagables. Sailing Ship perishables or The cruiser Belfast if you pilferables go every inch of the way to be A Second World War cruiser, and an she took part in some of the maior ancient sailing ship, both built in the naval engagements of World War II put it sealed inside the big OCL containers. shipyards of Harland and Wolff, are It was Belfast which fired the first Insurance Documentation to be preserved for posterity — at salvo in the action which sank the in a Packaging Handling Inventory. Yju Preserved opposite ends of the earth The German cruiser Scharnhorst in cruiser which has been saved from 1943 And she also spearheaded the can save on those, and more the scrapyard is the 15.000-ton invasion of Europe in 1944 box. The 13 ship service means a Belfast. The last of the Royal Navy's Readers are already aware of the And the ^ sailing to Europe every six days big-gun ships, she has been efforts of the National Trust of presented by the Westminster further ^ What we've provided is Australia (Victoria) to preserve the Government to a Trust, of which a Polly Woodslde. described as the you're \j not merely a safer way to former captain of Belfast (now Rear- prettiest ship ever built in Belfast' |carrying it.the transport Australian goods Admtral Morgan Giles. MP) is An appeal has been launched and it chairman And she will become a "more important overseas, but also a is expected that the task of restoring museum ship on permanent the box. And the stronger the reassuring promise: her to something of her former glory ing promise: exhibition in the Pool of London will commence without delay box. the safer the things you're s) shorter routiteje to »r Government funds will not be Grandeur Shed carrying Everyone knows all that involved in the enterprise, because Australia's major 1 private support of up to 100.000 Built in Belfast in 1885 and named So if you want to send trading nations j. pounds has been promised by Mr after a relative of the owner the anything to somewhere at a realistic Jack Smith, a Committee member of Polly Woodslde spent most of her like Europe or Japan CQSL the Maritime Trust, with which the working life in the Pacific. And in the it's good business to_ - Belfast trustees are working closely. process shed most of the grandeur In the past Belfast was completed in 1939 and of her sailing ship days talk to OCAL two years or AJCL — more than wfour million tons of cargo has been safely carried in containers BECOME A BLOOD DONOR to and from Europe. Tho Polly Woodside 4,000,000 tons Don't be left ashore! Join the that's a lot of cargo... MATELOT'S LIBERTY CRUISE ...a lot of experience too. December 72-January 73 Visiting PERTH, DJAKARTA. SINGAPORE, HONG KONG, TOKYO. OSAKA, KOBE, KURE, HIROSHIMA. MATSUYAMA, BEPPU, SASEBO, NAGASAKI and TAIPEI The cruise is open to all persons who have served or are serving under the White Ensign (sea-going) TO: THE NAVAL ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA (S.A.I INC. ELIZABETH AND SALISBURY SUB-SECTION INC. S-12 CHIVELL STREET, ELIZABETH SOUTH, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 5112 L, CONTAINER TRANSPORT SYSTEM Please forward full Cruise details to: A member ol the *„„,„„ i„„ Cor,„,o., s.™,e.. w.neg.o, Aj.nl. lor AJCl OVERSEAS CONTAINERS AUSTRALIA PTY. LIMITED. 3« Br,a,. SI.MI Svdr»» 2 0575 Newcsne. 2 ,22,. Busb.ne. 3, 0471. M.lboo,.., .7 Mo,. A*,.*.', 7 5 W r,.™„,- S5U7 Pace Sixty-four THE NAVY February/March/April, 1*72 AVERAGE TURNROUND SYDNEY TIME 2 DAYS CAMLEN MELBOURN BRISBANE AVERAGE TURNROUND TIME 4 DAYS CUTS LONDON AVERAGE TURNROUND HOBART TIME 1 DAY IN PORT ADELAIDE —I FREMANTL GAMLEN MARINE LABOUR AND MONEY SAVING PRODUCTS GAMLEN MOVES WITH THE TIMES AND SERVICES INCLUDE: Because of the increasing mechanisation automation and • Fuel additives to enable saving of fuel wear sophistication of Mercantile Marine and Naval vessels, the consequent and corrosion in engines and boilers smaller crews and quick turn-round in port, the need for Gamlen fuel • Oil spill solvents and labour saving chemicals becomes more and more important • Sale electrical equ.pmWt clean.ng solvents To meet this growing demand and ensure the promptest service Gamlen has a staff of qualified marine representatives equipped with • Technical services lor chemical cleaning radio-controlled cars in all maior ports requirements In the event of trouble with engines, boilers or tank cleaning Gamlen • Bilge area cleaning c ompounds and solvents experts will journey between ports on the ship concerned and find the • Comprehensive range ot degreasmg solvents answer to the problem Where the work can be carried out at sea our representatives are equipped to do so. however, if it is determined to be • Automatic tank cleaning solvents a port job then much time can be saved with advanced setting up prior • Gamaiet tank cleaning machines to berthing and the work completed in port. Alternatively, this type of work can be ideally earned out in port despite the limited hours • Cargo tank cleaning compounds available • Gaivamg oil spill tamer FOR GENERAL CARGO VESSELS. CONTAINER VESSELS. PASSENGER-CARGO SHIPS AND NAVAL VESSELS OF ALL KMOS GAMLEN CHEMICAL CO. (A ASIA) pty. LTD Head Office and Laboratories 0 MARINE AND INDUSTRIAL OPERATIONS DIVISION 69 Dickson Avenue, ARTARMON 2064. Phone 43 3178 CABLE ADDRESS: "GAMLENITE" SYDNEY. NEWCASTLE. MELBOURNE. BRISBANE, ADELAIDE. PERTH. LAUNCESTON. AUSTRALIA: N.S.W. N«wcastte 61 5033 Wollon<»ng 40'74 Orange 6440 VIC. Melbourne 42 2000 42 6136 4 2700 Geelong 9 2538 9 7025 SJL Adelaide.57 9442 W.A. Perth 28 2662 Albany 1958 Ka'-oorhe 239 1148 Port Hedland 338 QL0. Brisbane 2 9286 Bundaberg 2481 Cairns 51 1044 Gladston 22154. Townsville. 9 5022 Ml Isa 979 TAS.1 aunr" .ton 2 2391. Hobart 2 7861 Burn*. 31 1833 NEW ZEALAND: Auckland 59 9767 or 4 8923 Well. „ion. 3 5841 6 4550. Chnstchurch 6 2759 Dunedm. 8 8714 Timaru. 5159 Whangarei 8 2449 Invercargill. 8 2458 FUt: Suva 2 2616 NEW CALEDONIA: Noumea. BP 209 INDIA: Calcutta 23 9571 Bombay 53 4744 CEYLON: Colombo 9206 SINGAPORE. 36 2878 INDONESIA: Diakarta 5 0807 TERRITORY OF NEW GUINEA 8 PAPUA: Pt Moresby. 5216. Lae 2232. Rabaul. 2876 V THE NAVY. The magazine of the Navy League of Australia Carr Registered for posting as a periodical — Category A There's peace of mind Vol. 34 MAY-JUNE-JULY. 1972 No. 2 anything in knowing that damagables. CONTENTS ^^ perishables or Page , pilferables go every Page inch of the way Periscope on Australia 3 Join the Australian Sea Cadet Corps S3 sealed inside the big OCL containers. Insurance Documentation. Newt (rom Britain 9 Sea Cadet Corps News 55 Packaging. Handling. Inventory. You "The Civilian Arm of the Navy" 15 Change of Address 59 can save on these, and more The 13 ship service means a Faith Without Foundation 17 Book Reviews 61 sailing to Europe every six days. And the Letters to the Editor 45 further What we've provided is you're' not merely a safer way to carrying it.the transport Australian goods PLUS SUNDAY STORIES AND PHOTOGRAPHS overseas, but also a The views expressed .n articles appearing .n this publication are those ot the authors concerned They do not necessarily "more important represent the views ot the editor, the Navy League. or official opinions or policy the box. And the stinger the. ft* reassurin'ing promise: a shorter routite ttoo r Published by the Navy League of Australia, Box 1719, G.P.O., Sydney, N.S.W., 2001: Phone: box. the safer the things you're 2411008 carrying. Everyone knows all that Australia's maior So if you want to send trading nations AH correspondence should be directed to the Editor. Boa C179. Clarence Street Post Office. Sydney. N.S.W.. Australia. 2000 anything to somewhere at a realistic cost. like Europe or Japan ADVERTISING AND PUBLICATION: PERCIVAL PUBLISHING CO. PTY. LTD. In the past it's good business to_Jr SYDNEY MELBOURNE ADELAIDE BRISBANE PERTH two years 862 Elizabeth St Greenan Publications 17 Currie St 546 Queen St 63 St George s Tee talk to OCAL Waterloo Adelaide. 5000 Brisbane. 4000 more than four million NSW.2017 374 Little Collins St or AJCL -=- Phone: 516225 Phone 31 2531 Phone: 23 2031 Phone 23732 tons of cargo has been Phone 699 2600 Phone: 67 1334 safely carried in containers to and from Europe. THE NAVY LEAGUE OF AUSTRALIA PATRON: The Governor-General Hon. Secretary: Miss E. C Shorrocks. 528 Collins Hon. Secretary: Mrs v M Slide. 12 Allen Street. FEDERAL COUNCIL Street. Melbourne. 3000 Fannte Bay. N T . 5790 Queensland Division President: Commander F G. Evans, M BE. South Australian Division V R.D.. R.A N.V.R 4,000,000 tons Patron: His Excellency the Governor of Queens- Patron: His Excellency, the Governor of South Vice-President: Capta.n L F V.ckridge. 0 B E . land. Australia. V R D. RAN R Chairman: Surgeon Commander A. H. Robert- Chairman: T Francis Matters. Esq Secretary: Lt Cmdr A A Andrews. M B E . R A N that's a lot of cargo. son. R A N.V.R Hon. Secretary: Miss Penny Wardle. Box 1529M. 'Retd). 28 Royal Street. Chatswood. N S W Hon. Secretary: Colonel P V. O Fleming. E D . 39 G.P.O.. Adelaide. 5001 2067 Pmecroft Street. Camp Hill. Queensland. 4152. Tasmania n Division New South Wales Division ...a lot of experience too. Australian Capital Territory Division Patron: Vice Admiral Sir Guy Wyatt. K B E.. C.B. Patron: His Excellency, the Governor of New Chairman: Commander J. B. Howse. V.R D President: Commander J Robb. R N (refd) South Wales. R.A N.V.R. Hon Secretary: Lieut D J Heath. 3 Winmarleigh Chairman: Rear Admiral H A Showers. C.B.E Hon. Secretary: Commander D. M. Blake. R.D.. Street. Taroona. 7006 Secretary: Lieut Cmdr. A. A. Andrews. M B E R.A.N.V.R.. 12 Darmody Street. Weetangera. Western Australian Division R A N. (Ret d). 28 Royal Street. Chatswood. 2067 ACT. 2614 Patrorc His Excellency, the Governor of Western Victorian Division Northern Territory Division Australia. Patron: His Excellency, the Governor of Victoria Patron: His Honour the Administrator. Chairman: Roland Smith. Esq. Chairman: Commander F G. Evans. M B E. Chairman: Lieut Cmdr. J. J. Ravenscroft. V.R.D.. Hon. Secretary: R. A Hannah. Esq. 182 Coode V R.D.. R A N.V.R. R.A N.V.R. Street. Como. 6152. CONTAINER TRANSPORT SYSTEM AUSTRALIAN SEA CADET COUNCIL A member of the Australia Europe Container Service, end Managing Agents (or AJCL. Director of Naval Reserves and Cadets: Captain B L. Cleary. RAN. Representatives of each Division of the Navy League (The Australia Japan Container Line Limited: an express service between these countries ) Chairman. Representative from T.S. Sydney. Snapper Island OVERSEAS CONTAINERS AUSTRALIA PTY. LIMITED. 38 Bridge Street. Sydney. 2 0875; Staff Officer Sea Cadets: Lt.Cmdr E. D Sandberg. RAN Merchant Shipping Representative. Federal President and Vice-President of the Navy League. Newcastle, 2 1221; Brisbane, 31 0471; Melbourne, 87 9901; Adelaide, 47 8888; Fremantle, 38 8122. Honorary Secretary. Lt. Cmdr. A. A. Andrews. M B E . R A N. (Ret d). I published by Perclval Publishing Co. Pty. Ltd.. 862-870 Elizabeth Street. Waterloo. 2017.. Phone 699 2600 with May/June/July permission of the Navy League of Australia THE NAVY Page Forty-nine Periscope on Australia bij \ jvommel WAR COLLEGES VISIT senior school in the field of politico- be manned by a Royal Navy crew and Representatives from the United military affairs. will remain an R.N. vessel. Her pre- States and Korean War Colleges and The 21 representatives from the sence will facilitate R.A.N, sub- the Defence College of Thailand National Defence College of Thai- marine and fleet training and she will have visited Australia in recent land visited Australia during the take turns with the R.A.N, s four months. period 15-23 May. and were led by Oberon-class submarines in meet- The 38 staff and faculty students Major-General Chantrakupt Siri- ing Australia's commitment to from the United States National War suth. They also were briefed on Aus- the ANZUK forces based in Singa- College were led by Rear Admiral tralian foreign, defence and trade pore. Percival W Jackson. policy. « o o The U.S National War College was NEW DIRECTOR — JOINT established in 1946. It is a top-level SOLD FOR SCRAP INTELLIGENCE ORGANISATION inter-service college for senior mili- Two former R.A.N, warships were Mr G. A. Jockel. C.B.E . who tary officers and civilian career towed from Sydney Harbour during recently returned from an assign- officials. The College functions April. The photograph shows the ment in Indonesia as Ambassador, under the supervision of the Japanese tug. in the centre the has been appointed by the Depart- American Joint Chiefs of Staff and is former H.M.A.S Quiberon and at ment of Defence to succeed Mr R w. the senior service school in the field right. H.M.A.S. Tobruk. Both vessels Furlonger as Director of the Joint of politico-military affairs. Other were bought for scrap by the Fugila Intelligence Organisation (J.1.0.) in groups from the College are visiting Salvage Company. Canberra. countries in the Middle East. Africa and Latin America. These visits are an integral part of the college curri- culum and permit first-hand obser- vation by the students of conditions in various parts of the world in preparation for their future duties. On return to the National War College, each of the groups report to the College as a whole on their tour. The 11-member party from the Korean National War College arrived m Australia on 10 May for a four-day visit, as part of a tour of the Asian and Pacific region. The students were senior officers from the Korean Army and Air Force and Government agencies and were led by Brigadier-General Kim Joon. Director of Instruction They were given National briefings on Australian Defence and Foreign Affairs policy by Government offi- cials in Canberra and then visited Army and industrial establishments in Sydney. The College was established in ROYAL NAVY SUBMARINE In this capacity Mr Jockel will be 1955. and is the top^evel inter- The Royal Navy Oberon-class sub- Chairman of the National Intel- service college in Korea. marine H.M.S. Odin will join the First ligence Committee which is respon- The College is responsible to the Australian Submarine Squadron in sible to the Defence Committee for Minister for Defence and is the November/December. 1972. She will the production of national intel- May/June/July the NAVY Page Three —— PERISCOPE ON AUSTRALIA ligence to support Australia's national security policy. A Close Liaison, the Navy Department The J. 1.0. is responsible for the preparation of intelligence analyses and assessments on military, and . . . economic and technical matters affecting Australia's defence. ORDER FOR 12 TURANAS The Department of the Navy has ordered 12 TURANA high-speed pilotless aircraft valued at $1,121,000. including spares and RUSLIT AUTOMOTIVE ancillary equipment, with first de- liveries scheduled for mid-1973. TURANA. designed by the Depart- ment of Supply, was developed from the highly successful IKARA long- range anti-submarine guided INDUSTRIES weapon system and will replace pro- peller-driven targets currently used NAVY JETS TO ARMY'S AID APPOINTMENT TO NAVAL BOARD by the R.A.N, for gunnery and — WAR GAMES Rear Admiral B. W. Mussared has guided-weapon firing practice. Armed to the teeth, three R.A.N. been selected for appointment to Who are Proud to be Associated The initial production version will SKYHAWKS Streak over the Aus- the Naval Board as Third Naval be launched from R.A.N, ships fitted tralian Alps on their way to attack an Member and Chief of Naval Tech- with the Navy Department with IKARA. but the target is also Army target at Puckapunyal. Vic- nical Services. available for use on other types of toria. The Fleet Air Arm transonic He will replace Rear Admiral B. J. vessels, using simplified launcher jets from 724 Squadron each car- Castles, the retiring Third Naval and control equipment. (For further ried six 2501b bombs and rocket Member, in July. * Contractors to the R.A.N. information regarding TURANA pods to flush out crack enemy units • • o refer THE NAVY magazine. August- threatening an advance by ele- EXERCISE SEA HAWK September-October. 1971 edition, ments of the 1st Armoured Regi- SEATO planners have already FOR FURTHER PARTICULARS page 5.) ment. (See photo.) started evaluating the effectiveness of Exercise Sea Hawk. Our photo- graph. taken at exercise head- quarters. Subic Bay. shows (L. to R.) Commander E. Johnston. R.A.N.. RUSLIT AUTOMOTIVE Lieutenant Commander C. E. Evan- gelista of the Philippines Coast- guard and the exercise director. Aus- tralian. Rear Admiral A. M. Synnot. INDUSTRIES discussing the exercise. H.M.A.S. QUEENBOROUGH TO PAY OFF The tpaining destroyer escort 195 Parramatta Road, H.M.A.S Queenborough is to be paid off into reserve pending dis- posal. She is the last of five former R.N. Auburn, N.S.W. vessels of the class which have served in the R.A.N. Others were Quality, sold in 1958 Quadrant sold in 1963. Quibaron and Qulckmatch, 648-0591 Phone 648-0591 sold in February of this year. FIRST SEA-MOBILE BASE EXERCISE — RISING TIDE During March. Australia's three May/June/July THE NAVY PapFlw THE NAVY Page Four n PERISCOPE ON AUSTRALIA armed services held their first joint leadership through exercise employing a sea-mobile military base. The exercise involved an assault balanced design on a ground target by ship-borne troops landed from helicopters. The target was a supposed radar station in the Beecroft Range area at the entrance to Jervis Bay Troops embarked in H.M.A.S. Sydney were flown by helicopter to ground positions near the target The exercise was intended to practice the Service elements in loint-service co-operation, am- phibious reconnaissance, air mobile raiding and casualty evacuation. H.M.A.S. VAMPIRE REJOINS FLEET H.M.A.S. Vampire rejoined the Aus- tralian Fleet during the first week- end in March, following a $10 million SUBSCRIPTION FORM refit. Our photograph shows her demonstrating her new gunnery prowess. To "The Navy", Box CI78, Clarence Street Post Office. The refit, carried out at Williams- Sydney. N.S.W.. 2000, Australia. town Naval Dockyard, included new superstructure. new electronic I enclose S2.00 being 'subscription to "The Na»y" magazine for 1V4 years equipment and three new turrets, (refer notes below). each mounting two 4.5-inch guns, the latest fire-control systems, radar and navigation equipment. Name Her sister ship. H.M.A.S. Vendetta, Mack Trucks is now undergoing a similar refit at Street Williamstown and is expected back in service early next year Suburb Australia Pty. Ltd. State Post Code R.A.N. ORDERS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS Date An initial Australian order for 46 Divercom underwater communica- • Please Print Clearly» BRISBANE: tions systems and 10 surface units Please make cheques, postal orders or money orders payable to ' The for use by the Royal Australian Navy Navv League . , has been lodged with Bendix Cor- Please place a tick in the square if a receipt is required LJ 1728 IPSWICH ROAD, ROCKLEA poration's Electrodynamics Division. Subscriptions commence in January of each Year, at which time a California, through the Bendix Cor- subscription reminder notice is forwarded to current subscribers — poration Australia Pty. Ltd. This Annual Subscription $1.30. QLD. 4106 newly developed underwater •Persons commencing subscriptions to "The Navy" magazine during acoustics communication system the quarter commencing APRIL ii.e. sub. for l3i vearsi should remit permits a diver to speak and receive, $2 30; JULY isub. for Pi vearsi $2 00: and OCTOBER isub. for Pi vears> send code or transmit a steady SI .60 Telephone: 47 1644 homing signal to another similarly Subscriptions for shorter periods than 12 months cannot be accepted. equipped diver, submersible or Overseas subscription rates i by air sea mail i supplied on request. surface vessel. May/June/July THE NAVY Page Savnn PafaSlx THE NAVY (The Editor is indebted to the officers of the Information Service of the British High K Floor Tiles Commission in Australia for their ready assistance in the compilation of this article.) OIL RIG ESCAPE SYSTEM OFFERS This system scores over the con- designed for the heavy-duty clean- GREATER SAFETY MARGIN ventional rotatmg-lamp type of ing of ship's hulls in dry dock and An oil rig escape system, which display, claim the British makers, as will quickly blast off algae, loose enables inflated life-rafts con- it is easily read both in darkness and paint, rust, seaweed and marine taining the crews to be lowered into sunshine. It also allows repeater animals. Other units in the range are the water 100 ft clear of the rig. and indicators to be installed and avoids suitable for industrial use or where therefore away from immediate the use of electric motors. on-site sandblast cleaning is & Coverings danger, has been devised by a British required. The units are completely The indicator has a 2'? inch firm Existing systems involve boats diameter dial and 260 degree scale. self-contained. (Dave & Marj. CHAPLIN — Props.) or other lifesavmg equipment being Its toughened glass window is The marine unit consists of two lowered immediately below the rig. hermetically sealed A separate 150 litre vessels, a pressure chamber A guide cable runs at about 60 repeater, which can be fitted in any and a silo. The operator can re-fill degrees from the rig head to an part of the ship, has a 4 inch the pressure chamber from the silo anchor on the sea-bed The cable is diameter dial. Alternatively, a pen- even if suspended high on a ship's FOR FLOORS OF DISTINCTION normally bowsed in along the sea- on-paper repeater may be fitted. side by pulling a small hand lever bed and retained against the side of The transducer transmits pulses of which draws sand from the silo to CROSBY CERAMIC TILLS the rig to avoid obstructions to ultrasonic sound at 177 kHz into the the pressure chamber. This takes shipping water at a constant repetition rate only 25-30 seconds and the silo can In the event of a disastei. a weight and receives echos from the sea bed be refilled during the blasting opera- attached to the bowsmg-in winch is at the same time. tion to give virtually continuous released, causing the cable to spring The time difference between pulse working. into its operational position and transmission and echo reception is The unit operates on a com- 44 McLEOD STREET, CAIRNS, QLD. releasing a 25-man life-raft from its measured and the result, which is pressed air supply at 100 Ib/sq in. housing and starting inflation. The proportional to the water depth, is The nozzles of the blasters are fitted escaping crew board the fully in- fed to the meter with boron carbide inserts to give (Opposite Railway Station) flated raft, which is then released Five types of transducer housing long life and are available either as from the head of the rig and slides are available — for use in different plain nozzles or venturi type to give down the cable to sea level. Here it is forms of craft. The makers also an extra wide area of impact tor automatically released but remains recommend how many and what faster coverage of the surface A attached to the cable by painter to type of transducer should be used in safety feature is a "dead man" *Vin\l Tiles * Fleeto Seamless Flooring prevent drifting into the hazard area different forms of vessel. control which will automatically Carpets * Polyflor Vinyls * Sanding Each cable can take more than one Metric or foot/fathom scaled stop the sandblasting if released. life-raft — two is the recommended instruments are available in two The marine unit is equipped with * Polishing * Curtaining number — and the system provides capacities. Battery-powered models for latecomers after rafts have been rubber-tyred wheels and ring bolts measure on a dual scale of 2.5 to 32 launched: a single-man descent for hoisting up a ship's side. It is also ft/2.5 to 32 fathoms and ship's device clips on to the cable and suitable for sandwashing mains powered models have a third enables him to join the rafts. Most of the features of the marine A Complete Range of Armstrong-Nylex Products range: 5.0 to 64 fathoms. The equipment can be modified to unit are incorporated in the rest of The instruments have an accuracy handle inflatable boats and may be the range of pressure sandblasters of ± 5 per cent of depth, or nine used with any offshore structure which extends from 40 litre models inches, whichever is the greater, such as lighthouse platforms. giving about 30 minutes blasting P.O. BOX 895 CAIRNS Developments are in progress for in- o » • time to the 250 litre rgpdel. The creasing the 100 ft distance. largest model and the marine unit NEW SANDBLAST CLEANER WILL have an automatic pop-up valve WORK NON STOP which operates when re-charging is L • • A new pressure sandblast unit, necessary and greatly simplifies ECHO-SOUNDER developed by a British firm for and shortens the time required for marine use. can operate almost con- Telephone: 51 1403, 51 1433 FOR SMALL CRAFT replenishing the sand container. All tinuously — the only interruption A portable, transistorised echo models are complete with sand being a break of about half a minute sounder for use in a wide variety of mixer valve, pressure gauge, safety every 30 minutes for refilling with small craft at sea or in inland water- valve and hopper with sieve. Also Mooring Specialists of ihe North sand. ways has a meter-type indicator available is a water nozzle to fit onto the sand nozzle which keeps dust at which shows depth as clearly as a The major unit in a new range of a minimum during sand-washing. speedometer shows the speed of a blast cleaning equipment, the unit is car. May/June/July THE NAVY Page Nine Pact Elf ht THE NAVY knot to be easily observed —• can be NEWS FROM BRITAIN that of conventional craft. It should also prove safer. remotely installed. Other models are available for the The hull of the 52-foot vessel con- Five instruments are available, cleaning of stained stonework of tains 24 watertight compart- covering the following speed ranges: A Close Liaison the Navy Dept. and buildings, the interiors of agricul- ments Even if every compartment 0.5-10 knots. 0.5-20 knots. 4-30 tural buildings and cleaning of is holed there is enough foam buoy- knots. 4 40 knots and 4-60 knots. corrosion from structural steel ancy to keep the vessel afloat, it is Fitted to the bottom planking is a Other uses are the cleaning of the claimed. moulded nylon screw-type impeller interiors of pipelines, machinery The hull design is based on that of mounted in free-running stainless before repair or repainting and the a fast launch. Britain's Royal steel and PTFE bearings. There is an MACQUARIE WORSTEDS LTD. removal of marker lines from road National Life Boat Institution, who integral weed deflector. surfaces commissioned the vessel, say it The impeller can be completely represents a breakthrough in life- drawn into the boat, for cleaning or Who are Proud to be Associated with the Navy Dept. in the Supply of . . . boat design. repair, through a tubular bronze WHITE ANTI-FOULING PAINT FOR If the vessel capsizes it could right housing. A rotary valve type housing YACHTS itself in two-and-a-half seconds com- is available and is essential when the A new anti-foulmg paint tor * PURE WOOL pared to up to five seconds for more unit is installed at depth greater yachts produced by a British manu- conventional craft. than three feet below the water line * WOOL and POLYESTER CLOTH facturer is not only particularly Normal method of righting a cap A feature of the equipment is a effective, but being white gives much * Contractors to the R.A.N. sized vessel is by transfer of water switch which doubles the sensitivity better appearance to a craft than ballast but the new lifeboat relies of the speedometer so that small orthodox anti-fouling paints. solely on the shape of the hull and changes in speed can be easily seen For All Enquiries .. The new paint, called Whitespeed. the buoyancy of the watertight when the vessel is moving slowly. has very strong toxic agents, but has wheelhouse. The instrument case also in- good flow properties making it corporates a battery test and reasonably easy to apply It brushes No Stalling damping switch. At the "test" MACQUARIE WORSTEDS LTD. on well, leaving a smooth surface for Should the vessel capsize an auto- position the speed indicator the racing enthusiast Being copper- matic device will reduce the engines becomes a voltmeter arid indicates 39 YORK STREET, SYDNEY free it is suitable for metal-hulled to idling speed and prevent them the state of the battery At the boats of steel and aluminium as well from stalling, which means the craft "rough" position the indicator is as wood and fibreglass craft can be on the way again as soon as it heavily dampened to smooth out 29 2731 Phone 29 2731 Aimed at the yachtsman who re- has righted itself fluctuations due to wave motion. quires a good looking craft but needs All controls and electronic and The case, made of nylon-coated the protection of anti-fouling. the navigational equipment have been aluminium alloy, is hermetically product has been developed at the fitted in the wheelhouse which sealed Fitted inside the case are a specific request of many of the makes it unnecessary for the engine- loudspeaker and oscillator which A Company of the Vickers Group firm s agents throughout the world, room to be manned constantly give audible warning that the instru- and was extensively tested during while at sea. ment has not been switched off the 1971 sailing season. A flying bridge at the after-end of when the vessel is stationary or if the In one test in Australia a yacht pro- the wheelhouse is fitted with a impeller is fouled. tected by the new paint had a com- steering position, revolution Power is supplied by a battery com- VICKERS pletely weed-free hull apart from one counters and an echo sounder prising four standard mercury cells place which had been left untreated repeater. Other equipment on board contained in a separate watertight for test purposes. This area had a six- includes a towing post and an compartment in the rear cover of inch growth of weed electric windlass. the instrument case. The en- COCKATOO DOCKYARD durance of one set of cells is about 500 hours A mams powered version YACHTING KNIFE HANDLE HAS HIGHLY SENSITIVE ELECTRONIC — using the vessel s DC supply — is SHACKLE SLOT LOG AND SPEEDOMETER also available Pty. Limited A yachting knife by a British manu- An electronic log and speedo- facturer has a tapered slct in the meter for yachts and small com- handle for dealing with shackles. The mercial craft has a low-drag retract- UNDERWATER INDEPENDENCE slot has been carefully S'ted to pro- able underwater unit and high sensi- WITH NEW DIESEL ENGINE vide good placing and leverage BUILDERS OF MANY OF tivity to speed changes. A new generation of seabed THE NAVY'S FINEST FIGHTING SHIPS The 4 in long knife is made of high- The digital log records in steps of vehicles — making underwater quality cutlery stainless steel and workers independent of surface 1 one-hundredth of a natutical mile up weighs 4 2 oz. It is fitted with a 2'? to 10.000 miles and then returns to ships — could emerge with a COCKATOO ISLAND, SYDNEY in. blade, marlin spike, bottle opener zero A log repeater — which can be specially-developed lorry diesel and screwdriver reset to zero by means ot a push engine. Telegraphic Address: CODOCK button — can be installed any- The engine, capable of generating CAPSIZING NO PROBLEM TO HIGH- where in the ship. 28 horsepower at depths of 600 feet, Telephone: 82 0661 SPEED LIFEBOAT A 2 in speedometer is set above represents a significant advance in A new lifeboat now undergoing the log in the instrument case and 4 underwater technology. Telex: AA 21833 trials around the coast of Britain has in. diameter repeaters — which It is claimed to be the world's first a top speed of 19'? knots — double enable speed changes as small as 0.1 self-contained source of power foi May/June/July THE NAVY Page Eleven hpT« THE NAVY pulsion for mobile equipment. NEWS FROM BRITAIN usual way. Surplus exhaust gas is The engine, housed in a pressur- pumped out against the surround- ised steel casing. ,s completely self- A Close Liaison: The Navy Department and' underwater use to be made avail- ing water pressure. Fuel and oxygen contained and has four or five times able-commercially. are supplied from containers the performance potential of a carried in a separate supporting At present all engineering workers battery-powered submersible of cradle with connections to ths operating on the seabed use either equivalent size. pressure hull. A. F. LITTLE 1 compressed air. electricity or Re-Used Exhaust It was developed by Ricardo and hydraulic power fed to them from a It works by recycling a proportion Company engineers under a surface ship. The newly developed of the exhaust gas Sufficient neat contract from Britain's National engine not only provides the power oxygen is added to it for combustion Research Development Corpora- (Southern Div.) for diver-operated tools but also pro- of the oil fuel which is injected in the tion. I PTY. LTD. CONTRIBUTIONS INVITED Tin? editor invites persons to submit articles, photographs and drawings (black ink* for inclusion in the magazine, but regrets th.it no payment can be made for contributions FIVE ISLANDS ROAD, PORT KEMBLA submitted. Contributions should be addressed The Editor The Navy", Box CI78. Clarence Street Post Office. Sydney. N.S.W., 2000. Australia The Editor, does not hold himself responsible for manuscripts, though every effort will Who are Proud to be Associated with the Navy Department be made to return those with which .1 stamped .and addressed envelope is enclosed in '.he Erection of The H.M A S. ALBATROSS Accommodation Buildings 'OUR COVER- • SPECIALISING IN CONSTRUCTION WORK PATTERN OF DEFENCE Silhouetted against light off long Island Sound's rippling waters, a Sikorsky (SH-3D) helicopter tests sonar equipment. United Aircraft builds the twin-turbine submarine locator device used by the Navy and Air 40-723 Phone 40-723 Force of the Unitad States, Brazil, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. - — — — — ~ ~ - - —-r-M-irii~u-u-i_ru-i_rij Lrun_i-i_ru-un_n_n-r Kindly Sponsored by... "Calling PHONE: SYDNEY 82 0178 K. L. Ballantyne Pty. Ltd CABLES: "FENW1CK" Produce Merchants and Exporters 295 GRANT STREET J. FENWICK & CO. PTY. LTD. SOUTH MELBOURNE Established Towage Services •> Sydney, Botany Bay, Newcastle, Port Kembla, Port 1-atta, Tasmania 69 4657 Pigs Twelve THE NAVY May/June/July THE NAVY Pag. Thirteen A Company of the Vickers Group Cockatoo Docks & Engineering "The Civilian Arm of the Navy" Co. Pty. Limited The principal objective of the Navy We invite you to swell our ranks Victoria — Room 6. 2nd Floor. 528 League of Australia is to stress the vital and so keep up to date with Maritime Collins Street. Melbourne. 3000 BUILDERS OF MANY OF importance of Sea Power to the Affairs to help to build an THE NAVY'S FINEST FIGHTING SHIPS Commonwealth of Nations and the ever-increasing weight of informed Queensland - 39 Pinecrofl Street, important role played by the Royal public opinion. The Navy League will Camp Hill, Queensland, 4152. Australian Navy. then become widely known and Tasmania 3 Winmarleigh Street. exercise an important influence in the The League, in conjunction with Taroona, 7006. COCKATOO ISLAND, SYDNEY life of the Australian Nation. the Commonwealth Naval Board, South Australia - Box 1529M C.P.O., administers the Australian Sea Cadet The League consists of Fellows and Adelaide, 5001 Telegraphic Address: CODOCK Corps, by providing finance and Associates. All British subjects who technical sea training for boys who support the objectives of the League Western Australia - 182 Coode Street, Como, 6152. Telephone: 82-0661 intend to serve in the Naval or are eligible for membership. Members Merchant Services, also to those receive copies of the League's magazine Australian Capital Territory - 60 sea-minded boys, who do not intend to "The Navy" Limestone Avenue, Ainslie, 2602. follow a sea career, but who given this Northern Territory - CI- Mrs. V. M. knowledge will form a valuable reserve DIVISIONS New South Wales - Box 1719, C.P.O., Slide, 12 Allen Street, Fannie Bay, for the Naval Service. Sydney, 2001. 5790. A Recommended Contractor ... THE NAVY LEAGUE OF AUSTRALIA RIVERSTONE MEAT Application for Membership To: The Secretary. The Navy League of Australia. CO. PTY. LTD. 1 Division!. Sir. I am desirous ol becoming a Member of the Navy League ol Australia with whose objects I am Who are proud to be associated with the Navy Department in in sympathy. THE SUPPLY OF FROZEN MEATS I Mr. I Name l Mrs... 4 I Miss l Contractors to the R.A.N. iRanki Please Print Clearly For Further Information Contact... Street Suburb FROZEN MEATS DEPARTMENT State Postcode Signature Date 83 GOULBURN STREET, SYDNEY Enclosed is a remittance for $4 20 being mv first annual subscription AFTER COMPLETION. THIS FORM SHOULD BE DISPATCHED TO YOUR DIVISIONAL Phone: 212 2633 SECRETARY - NOTE LIST OF ADDRESSES ABOVE Paga Fourteen THE NAVY May/June/July THE NAVY Pift Fifteen Th* answer to efficiency lies In QUALITY CONTROL DISTRIBUTED BY LOVELOCKS suppliers to Royal Australian Navy of QUALITY CONTROL equipment for Refrigeration, Airconditioning and Industrial applications, Du Pont FREON refrigerants and solvents PART TWO F. C. LOVELOCK PTY. LIMITED Head Office and Sydney Branch: 19-21 BUCKLAND STREET, BROADWAY — Phone: 211-2811 "....But There will be No Victory...." NEWCASTLE CANBERRA PERTH J.G. PRITCHARD P/L 766 HUNTER ST. 3WILUNAST. From a speech by Captain Bukhvostoff of NEWCASTLE WEST FYSHWICK 88 H AVELOCK ST. "Afeksandr III" prior to departure of the Fleet Phone:61-5785 Phone:95-1422 Phone:21-6546 ADELAIDE BRISBANE MELBOURNE At 2230 hours on 8 February, 1904, units of the 162-164 CiOUGER ST. 67-73 MARY ST 602 LITTLECOLLINSST. Japanese navy under the command of the brilliant Admiral Phone. 61-2545 Phone:51-2154 Phone: 2-3481 Heihichiro Togo attacked, without warning, the anchored warships of the Russian Pacific Fleet in their own base at Port Arthur. This attack, which was a severe morale, as well as physical blow, put the battleship "Retvizan" and A SATISFACTORY CONNECTION THE NAVY DEPT AND "Tsesarevitch" on the bottom, albeit temporarily, and severely damaged the protected cruiser "Pallada". Other naval forays, made almost simultaneously, resulted in the British Box Co. Pty. Ltd. damage or destruction of further Russian vessels. The cumulative effect of these successes was to vir- tually neutralise the effectiveness 67-3054 — PHONE — 67-3054 of the Russian Pacific Fleet, and to awaken the Great Powers (including Who are Proud to be Associated with the Russia herself) to the suspicion that, perhaps. Nippon might be a power R.A.N, in the Supply of to be reckoned with in the future. WOODEN CRATES & PALLETS The chickens of suspicion came home to roost fifteen months later at Tsu-Shima. Admiral Zinovi PatrovHch Rozhettvensky. in Chief, combtnod Pacific Squadron. For All Enquiries . . . MR. H. KAY On 20 June. 1904. the Tsar Born an aristocrat, this fiery, convened, and presided over, a meet- precise disciplinarian entered the ing of the Higher Naval Board. The re- navy as a seventeen-year-old cadet. BRITISH BOX CO. PTY. LTD. inforcement of the Pacific Fleet had His passion for gunnery led to his en- become a matter of urgent neces- rolment in the Artillery Academy, Coward Street, W/Mascot, N.S.W. sity and the object of the meeting from whence he passed with special was to choose the officer best suited distinction, and it was not long to command the relief force: hence- before his skills were put to the test forth called the "Second Pacific in the Russo-Turkisb War. Squadron". The man finally chosen vico-Admirai Haihichtro Togo, was 54-year-old Admiral Zinovi His reckless bravery did not kill him. but a monumental falsehood Japan*** Commander In Chief. PetrovitCh Rozhestvensky. perpetrated by his commanding THE NAVY Pag* Sixteen May/Jun«/July THE NAVY the Royal parties and their staffs for soup making, salt preservatives FAITH WITHOUT lunched aboard the Shtandart and. last but not least, hundreds of This space kindly sponsored by FOUNDATION Following this lavish repast (which crates of vodka and good quality lasted until 1500 hours), all persons champagne for the officers, whose officer nearly brought his promising present changed into more service- accommodation and comfort were career to an abrupt halt. The able uniforms and boarded the attended to very assiduously in the captain. Baranoff. claimed that his cruiser Minln to witness, at sea. a Tsarist Navy. command (the small armed three-hour gunnery demonstration steamer. Vesta) sank a vastly by selected battleships and other Rozhestvensky's recurrent night- ELDERS METALS LTD. superior Turkish ironclad when, in picked units of the Russian fleet. mare was coal. He knew from fact, the Vesta had gone about and experience that the boilers and fled upon sighting the Turkish The excellence of the demon- engines of certain units were not vessel stration. with its steady, extremely very efficient and that the likelihood accurate fire from all vessels, greatly of their being overhauled prior to Distributors for Being a subordinate. Rozhest- impressed the Kaiser. He publicly departure was remote. This meant vensky kept silent, albeit with a bad commended Rozhestvensky in the very high daily coal consumption. Australia's Steel Makers conscience. After the war the presence of the Tsar and his own Two ships in particular, the light Turkish Admiral Hobart-Pacha Admiral von Tirpitz Such praise cruisers Jemtchug. and Izumrud revealed the truth in a letter to a from the monarch of a country each burned twenty-one tons of coal Russian newspaper Without think- noted for gunnery excellence did not per hour at 90% power! * ing. or even consulting Baranoff. go unnoticed. In rapid succession. Rozhestvensky confirmed the story Rozhestvensky was promoted to The colonial navies of Great in a letter to the same newspaper, Rear-Admiral: made Chief of the Britain. France and Germany without any attempt to justify either Naval Staff and. at the same time, possessed vast networks of coaling Baranoff or himself His luck held: aide-de-camp to the Tsar. stjtions in all ports of the World, and Baranoff was cashiered, and by a Japan could be sure of access to 499 BOURKE STREET, MELBOURNE miracle. Rozhestvensky survived Now. charged with the task of British coaling facilities should the He was even promoted: something assembling the Second Pacific need ever arise. Not so Russia, whose Telephone: 60-1211 which astounded everyone, in- Squadron. Rozhestvensky des- supplies were virtually restricted to cluding Rozhestvensky himself. cended on the graft-ridden and her own waters and ports. And yet. in labyrinthine warren of the Naval spite of all this. Rozhestvensky pro- Branches in all Capital Cities His next task of reorganising the victualling and purchasing depart- posed an 18.000 mile voyage with an gunnery branch of the Bulgarian ments like the Seven Plagues of entire fleet around the Cape of Good Navy did not take him long, and in Egypt, and within three months this Hope to the coast of China! Imposs- 1885 he was appointed Naval one-man cyclone had succeeded in ible? Not to Rozhestvensky. who Attach^"in London where, it appears, making himself the most un- entered into a contract with the he was both respected and well-liked. popular officer in the Admiralty. German Hamburg-Amenka Line for In 1894 he received his Captaincy that company to supply the entire and as commander of Admiral The rusty, corrupt machinery had Second Pacific Squadron with coal Alexieff's flagship in the Far East, not seen the oil of a forceful person- from a vast fleet-train of sixty Brave the waves in was thus in a good position to ality for many a year, and Rozhest- colliers spread around the world observe the behaviour of the com- vensky worked eighteen hours a day from the Baltic to the Yellow Sea. batants during the Sino-Japanese in order that his fleet might be made The estimate of coal required War He returned to St Petersburg ready in the shortest possible time reached the truly colossal figure of as Commander of the gunnery and that its needs would be fulfilled. approximately five-hundred MYLEX 'Mfavefocfc' practice squadron of the Baltic Fleet. Every conceivable item needed by a thousand tons. Even the British ex- It was during this period that fleet on a long voyage of war had to pressed astonishment. Only a mad V>e obtained virtually at the rush. (Keeps boats shipshape, too) Rozhestvensky s career received its Russian would try it. He succeeded greatest boost Shells and propellant of all too. calibres, mines, belts of Maxim gun At 1000 hours on 24 June. 1902. Keep dry, and warm, in a Nylex "Wavelock" spray jacket. Cut for comfort and action ammunition, torpedoes, scuttling- The day of departure from Kron- Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany arrived with hood attached. "Wavelock' is the ideal boat covering, too, for, unlike other charges (if needed), charts for all stadt approached. 15 July was the at Reval roadstead aboard the vessels, engine-room and auxiliary expected sailing date, how- materials, it can't rot or mildew. Is shrinkproof. Waterproof. And thanks to its Imperial Yacht Hohenzotlern accom- machinery spares: all had to be ever Rozhestvensky's problems panied by two German warships, for unique construction of nylon mesh laminated between two layers of strong vinyl found. Even such items as office seemingly defied resolution and so a State visit Steaming with them Nylex "Wavelock" is much lighter and lasts much longer, too. It is available in a range equipment and reams of various this date was abandoned. One of his was a Russian cruiser and the beau- forms and notepaper was procured main problems was the shortage of of colours including the safety colour, yellow. As a covering for your boat . and for tiful. immaculate Royal Yacht and placed aboard the fighting qualified personnel, the cream of your own protection .. . you can't beat Nylex "Wavelock". It shrugs off salt and Shtandart: the vessel whose lines vessels and transports of his rapidly which was in the Far East with the were emulated by the designers of spray! burgeoning fleet. Because of the hamstrung original Pacific Fleet. the British Royal Yacht Victoria And varying latitudes through which the Competent specialist officers were Albert (this last fact is not generally ships would pass, provision was also in short supply: the Engineering realised) and who on this day carried made for extra clothing for the men. branch in particular being so the host. Tsar Nicholas II. 'Wavelock' is manufactured in Australia by as well as their food. affected. Rozhestvensky corrected the numerical shortage situation After the mind-warping thunder Salt meat was delivered by the amongst his ratings by accepting NYLEX CORPORATION LIMITED and smoke of the simultaneous barrel-load, tins of butter, boxes of into the ranks reservists, poor thirty-one-gun salutes had passed. biscuits and dehydrated vegetables Pag* Efghtwn THE NAVY May/June/July THE NAVY P»fe Nineteen Rozhestvensky finally succeeded modern class of heavy units in the FAITH WITHOUT in gathering together sufficient new navy, was laid down at the Galermi FOUNDATION and refurbished vessels of all types Ostroff Yard in June. 1900 and was to make up. on paper at least, an ready for trials in September. 1904. quality conscripts and as many ex- effective fleet August. 1904 saw A construction period of four and a merchant seamen as he could get Admiral Rozhestvensky hoist his quarter years represented almost in- But this solution brought its own Flag aboard the imposing new black- decent haste on the part of her problems as many of these were hulled battleship Kniaz Suvaroff in builders. Russian warship con- EDMUNDS BROS. useless without adequate re-training Kronstadt roadstead thereby struction was the most leisurely of and the remainder contained a large officially assuming command of the any nation at that time: five or six Revolutionary element The first Second Pacific Squadron. His fleel years being the norm, with anything problem of training. Rozhestvensky consisted of forty-two of some 01 up to eight years not causing undue Pty. Ltd. half-completed prior to departure the most ill-assorted vessels imagin alarm with the obiect of completing this able when one considers the xteni task as the voyage progressed. The of his anticipated enterprise extent of the second was not to be This class, to quote Oscar Parkes: fully realised until the voyage was The Kniaz Suvaroff had as her . had been modelled upon French Electrical Appliance Equipment well under way. by which time really company in the First Division her practice with complete 10 inch effective counter-measures could three identical and equally powerful Krupp armour belts up to the main not be successfully implemented sisters Oryol, Aleksandr III, and deck: bare or thinly armoured lower Borodino The fifth vessel in this deck sides, and long towering super- This second category (and they in- Wholesalers class. Slava. could not be completed structures: having a marked tumble- cluded a small percentage of in time home. small initial stability and in- officers) were the cause of endless adequate protection for the high problems which ranged from the Oryol. the first vessel of the most spreading of spoken and written 464 LATROBE STREET, MELBOURNE seditious material to acts of Phone: 30-4171 deliberate sabotage As the formation of the varied units of the Second Pacific Squadron 992 NEPEAN HIGHWAY, MOO RABBIN. 95-1839 was almost complete, these acts of sabotage assumed serious pro- 28c ASHLEY STREET, WEST FOOTSCRAY. 689-2309 portion: repositioning the soft iron compensating spheres on a cruiser's magnetic compasses was bad enough, but seriously damaging the mam engine cylinder bores on the brand new battleship Oryol was a different matter The end result of the subsequent investigation is This Space Sponsored by. . . obscure but one thing is certain: Rozhestvensky s harsh security measures made a recurrence of that magnitude very unlikely Ruttlan batllethlp OMy.iboyu freeboard: they were inferior in UNION STEAM SHIP stability." As main armament, each vessel in this class earned four 12 inch 40 calibre rifles in two twin turrets: one CO. of N.Z. Ltd. each fore and aft. and a secondary armament of twelve 6 inch 45 calibre pieces in six twin turrets: one at the forward, midships and aft sections of the superstructure on each side The main and secondary quantity of 59 William Street armament was identical to the British London class battleships al- though the disposition of the secon- Melbourne dary battery was distinctly French: current British practice was to place secondary guns in casements The*e was also a stronp tertiary battery of mixed 3 inch and 12. 3 and 62 2331 1 pounder guns, as well as four 18 inch torpedo tubes two of which Russian battleship * - .a/ Suvatoll. flagship of Admiral Roztmtvemhy. were submerged on the broadside May/June/July Page Twenty THE NAVY THE NAVY Page Twenty-one tons and carried four old 12 inch 35 Because of her low freeboard she FAITH WITHOUT calibre guns disposed as described was extremely wet in anything but FOUNDATION previously Sissoi Veliky carried six calm seas; nevertheless, she was a 6 inch 45 calibre guns in antiquated fairly steady gun platform in spite of This Space Sponsored by opening ports along her sides and bad steering characteristics. She They were a curious combination was protected by a 16 inch belt of carried her four funnels in two pairs of old and modern practice. Six new Creusot steel. 7 feet deep amid- abreast: a peculiar arrangement electric searchlights as an anti- ships. She was launched in 1894 and which caused her to be nicknamed torpedo-boat aid and antiquated her old furnaces proved to be "the factory". rangefinder systems. All-electric absolute gluttons for coal. Admiral Enkvist. possessor of the VIM. HOLY MAN & SONS turret training and handling mechanisms, yet the new electric firing devices were unknown: the PTY. LTD. Russians still fired each big gun separately with a lanyard, making controlled salvoes well-nigh im- possible. Her main armour-belt con- sisted of a 10 inch thick strip of hard- Shipping Agents faced Harvey steel, a development of the (American) Carnegie Com- pany. Twin black-topped tall buff funnels and an aggressive-looking ram bow completed the overall 390 FLINDERS STREET picture of these 15.000 ton battle- ships which were the most tech- nically interesting vessels in the MELBOURNE Russian fleet. The battleship Oslyabaya headed the Second Division and carried the Flag of Admiral von Felkerzam. She Russian battleship Navarin, known for obvious reason*, as "The Factory". Telephone: 62-2411 was launched in November 1898 from the New Admiralty Yard in St Navarin. launched in 1891 and of most notable beard in the Navy, was Petersburg and carried her obsolete little fighting value, was an adaption placed in command of the Third main armament of four 10 inch 45 of the British Trafalgar class and was (Cruiser) Division and raised his Flag calibre guns in two circular turrets reasonably well armoured with a 16 aboard the modern 6.550 ton disposed one each forward and aft. inch. 212 feet long. 7 feet deep belt protected cruiser Oleg. launched Eleven 6 inch 45 calibre weapons of compound armour. However, only in 1903 and mounting a main Kindly Sponsored By .. . and sundry smaller guns completed her main armament (like that in battery of twelve 6 inch 45 calibre her battery. Her designed top speed Sissoi Veliky) had a serious design rifles. The Division also included the of 19 knots was but a memory as her defect common to battleships of modern cruisers Aurora, the coal- thirty Belleville boilers operated at a her era inasmuch that the loading devouring Jemtchug and Izumrud GENERAL CREDITS LTD. pressure of only 165 p.s.i.. and her and ramming machinery was in a together with the scouts Svietlana towering freeboard proved to be an fixed position thereby requiring the and the elegant, yacht-like Almaz. irresistible target. turrets to be re-trained fore-and-aft Last of the larger warships was the thoroughly reconstructed old and armoured cruiser Nakhimoff launched in 1885 and sporting such refinements as a 10 inch com- A.F.G. INSURANCES LTD. pound main armour belt and the carriage of her main 6 inch 45 calibre guns in four twin turrets: one at each end. and one on each beam MEMBERS OF amidships. This was reinforced by a very heavy secondary armament of The Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd. ten casemented 4.7 inch 45 calibre weapons. One of the oldest vessels in the Group of Companies Squadron, and certainly the oldest armoured cruiser was the square- rigged. 5.880 ton steam ironclad Dmitri Donskoy launched in 1883. 277 WILLIAM STREET, MELBOURNE Telephone: 60 0241 Oslyabaya's companions in the for reloading after each discharge. She carried her six casemented old Second Division were the old battle- In the heat of battle, such a hiatus pattern 6 inch 45 calibre guns em- ships Sissoi Veliky and Navarin. each was assumed by many to be poten- bedded in a tall sheer hull atop which of which displaced about 10.000 tially fatal. two funnels looked out of place. She May/Jun«/July THE NAVY Page Twenty-three Page Twenty-two THE NAVY May/June/July were optimistically included as escorts for the auxiliaries, maids-of- T all-work as well as their intended Kindly sponsored by offensive roles. The beginning of September 1904 saw the Second Pacific Squadron leave Kronstadt on a two-week shakedown cruise in which the principal units practised moving in close formation, station-keeping, COMPANION PTY. LTD. defence drills, gunnery and torpedo- firing exercises, mine-laying and sweeping and tactical exercises: the last being a dismal failure and the I remainder being accomplished, at Compressed Gas Equipment best, with only a modicum of Suppliers to the Navy Dept. Russian cruhac Au.ora. ThH ship feetured prominently in the banning! tha 1917 expertise. Engineroom breakdowns Revolution and Is now praservad afloat at Leningrad were frequent: the Borodino suffering the first of her many main I FAITH WITHOUT FOUNDATION engine-bearing troubles, and the steering-gears on both the Knlaz 6 CLARICE ROAD Suvaroff and Oryol proved to be almost permanently faulty. Signals from the Flagship were often com- BOX HILL, VIC. pletely ignored, and. upon discover- ing that the firing of blank cart- Phone: 89-0411 ridges from saluting guns at the offending vessel had little or no Correspondence to: effect. Rozhestvensky resorted to P.O. Box 316, Box Hill firing live ammunition across their bows which produced the desired action. Bitter public reprimands, directed at the commanding officers and bridge staffs of offend- ing vessels, were hurled from the signalling equipment of the Flag- Kindly Sponsored By ship. which quickly brought those vessels to heel. The Fleet steamed to Reval where the magazines and victualling Brandella School Knitwear holds were replenished and from where, on 9 October, the Tsar officially farewelled the ships and their Commander-in-Chief. The Manufacturers Second Pacific Squadron s Odyssey began on 11 October. 1904 A brief call at Libau to top-up the coal bunkers was the Fleet's last contact with Russian soil and from that point the vast Armada made its way through the Skagerrak into the North Sea and South into the English Channel. Over-zealous efforts on the part of Russian Intelligence agents 157 DONALD STREET, EAST BRUNSWICK, VIC. implanted on the coastlines of countries along their route resulted in grossly inflated reports of non- existent shadowing fleets of Telephone: 36 2814 Russian armoured cruiser Dmitri Donskoy. Japanese T.B.D.s. Russian com- had a truly remarkable draft for her Rion. Terek and Dnieper; four trans- manders became so jittery that their tonnage of over 25 feet. ports including the old Malay; two lookouts reported and their gun- crews opened fire upon literally any- Bringing up the rear was a polyglot repair and maintenance ships and thing that moved, including Available at all Leading Schoolwear Stores fleet of auxiliaries including the four some tugs. A flotilla of tiny 350 ton imaginary spotting balloons! auxiliary (ex-liner) cruisers Ural. torpedo-boat destroyers (T.B.D.s) Page Tweny-four THE NAVY May/June/July THE NAVY Page Twenty-live ton cargo of frozen meat arrived on and as sluggish as waterlogged river FAITH WITHOUT a transport, as did the snow-white scows: the lower gunports became FOUNDATION hull of the hospital ship Oryol (a unworkable and the protective SPONSORED BY... converted liner with the same name armour-belts made useless by sub- The most serious case of false as the First Division battleship). Her mergence. Nevertheless, the Cape identification occurred off the untouchable staff of 100 aristo- Squadron staggered on at an Dogger Bank when the heavy units cratic female nurses were also the average 8Vi knots to Gaboon and ploughed through the middle of a subject of much ribald comment then Libreville. A brief coaling halt Scotts (Echuca) Builders large fleet of British trawlers, believ- throughout the lower deck. at the Portuguese colony at Great ing them to be a marauding flotilla Fish Bay (December 6) was made un- However, the comment reached of Japanese T.B.D.s. Under the piti- comfortable by Portuguese new heights when Rozhestvensky less glare of searchlights the references to England, her greatest announced his intention of divid- & Plumbers Supplies trawlers were smothered by a hail of ally, who would like (if you pL-ase) ing the Fleet Oslyabaya joined the badly-directed shellfire which sank the Russian Navy to move on poste First Division and Admiral von one of the little steamers: decapi- haste. Felkerzam was directed to proceed tated two men. and damaged several through the Mediterranean Sea to The German South-West African Pty. Ltd. other vessels with resultant iniuries Suez and to take with him the old port of Agra Pequena gave the to personnel. battleships Sissoi Veliky and squaoron a much-needed welcome This incident nearly precipitated Navarin together with the T.B.D.s on 11 December. This was the last REG. PLUMBERS VIC. & N.S.W. war between England and Russia and and three light cruisers. He was to opportunity to take on coal before caused the Home Fleet to be brought rejoin the remainder of the making the long journey around the Squadron at Madagascar. Cape of Good Hope to Madagascar, For all General Plumbing — Tankmaking, etc. to a state of readiness. It wasn't until he arrived at the Spanish port and the unsheltered harbour Rozhestvensky never revealed the District Agent for Porta-Gas Oil Heating — Central Heating of Vigo that Rozhestvensky was enabled a full South Atlantic gale to reason for this action and I will avoid made aware of the uproar his ships vent its fury on the coaling efforts speculation by simply stating that had caused. The Spaniards, not wish- which slowed to a halt in the face of Felkerzam's little sub-fleet" was last ing to offend Britain, gave him a huge seas. Coaling resumed on 15 seen heading East into the Mediter- chilly reception and refuelling the December, and the Squadron finally 256 ANSTRUTHER STREET, ECHUCA, VIC. ranean late in the evening of 3 Squadron from part of the fleet of left African shores on the 17th. November. Telephone: 837 — A.H.: 1459 hired colliers proceeded only under Rozhestvensky expected to find a adverse diplomatic conditions. It The departure of the reduced cruiser (from Felkerzam's detached was from Vigo that Rozhestvensky "Cape Squadron'" from Tangier was Squadron) waiting for him upon his (on "-equest from St Petersburg) accompanied by the usual chaos of arrival on New Years Day 1905 at the sent two conciliatory cables of the ships attempting to take station Madagascan port of Sainte Marie to regret which smoothed the ruffled relative to each other; the highlight convey the information that British feathers. of which came when a vessel caught Felkerzam was anchored and await- her bower anchor in a submarine ing orders further up the coast at This space kindly sponsored by. . . To act as witnesses at an Inter- cable. Seamanship went by the Diego Suarez. When Rozhestvensky national Commission in Paris, set board. The simplest method of found, to his fury, that one of Felker- up to investigate the trawler fiasco. freeing the anchor was to sever the zam's ships was not there he sent the Rozhestvensky detached three cable. Thus it was that Europe heard tug Rousse to find him. Meanwhile, junior officers and sent them home. nothing of North Africa for four days! a collier arrived from Felkerzam with As their charge, he also took the The heat of Dakar made the the news that he was. on Admiralty opportunity to off-load a pernicious TUPPERWARE OF normally back-breaking task of orders at Nossi-Be overhauling his Admiralty pseudo-savant and coaling an absolute nightmare. engines. Hard on her heels came the parasite by the name of Captain Diplomatic pressure had forced Rousse whose captain returned with Nicholas Klado who. with Admiralty even France, long an ally of Russia, the diastrous news from Felkerzam approval, had attached himself to to be cautious in her dealings with that (a) Port Arthur had fallen to the Rozhestvensky's staff as an AUSTRALIA PTY. LTD. Rozhestvensky. and Dakar was Japanese, (b) the remnants of the advisor'. The two men loathed each French. Not knowing when next he Pacific Squadron had been either other, and letting an enemy of that would have unhindered facilities captured or destroyed by siege magnitude go free to wreak havoc (and he did not trust his sub- artillery, (c) therefore the Second against him at the Admiralty was one ordinates enough to confide this to Pacific Squadron was no longer a of Rozhestvensky's great blunders. them). Rozhestvensky gave orders relief force and (d) Russia had lost to take on double the normal her only adequate base in the Pacific That the British Government still quantity of coal: the bunker surplus area did not quite trust the Russian 10th FLOOR, TRAK CENTRE to be stacked in bags wherever, Admiral was made plain by the literally, space could be found. The It was the fall of Port Arthur that occasional appearance of British heat, extreme humidity, and filthy caused their old French allies to yield cruisers that were obviously shadow- coal dust made conditions ripe for to British and Japanese pressure and 445 TOORAK ROAD, TOORAK, VIC. ing the Squadron, which was not to discontent, and it was not sur- deny them the use of Diego Suarez. lose its watchdogs until the arrival prising that the first rustlings of which explained further why at Tangier on 3 November. mutiny weiefelt here. Felkerzam was at Nossi-Be Nor was The Sultan made the Russians that the end of it. Telephone: 24 6261 welcome and coaling proceeded Normally overloaded warships The Hamburg-Amerika Line, without incident. A one-thousand were now almost lethally top-heavy whose colliers had fulfilled their May/June/July THE NAVY Page Twenty-seven Page Twenty-six THE NAVY May/June/July the Nakhimoff mutineers rushed the FAITH WITHOUT bridge, desisting only when the FOUNDATION Captain drew their attention to the fact that the big guns of the Flagship Compliments to all R.A.N, personnel and H.M.A.S. Cerberus contract admirably, were now faced were trained on them. with a Japanese threat of reprisal at Finally, a previously suppressed sea if they continued to supply the report came to light of an assault by Second Pacific Squadron. The Com- three officers on one of the nurses pany's civilian crews, not un- from the hospital ship Oryol. Courts naturally. baulked at this and caused Martial became a daily occurrence FLINDERS HOTEL the Line to give notice of contract and. more than once, the chilling breakage. Without consulting St sound of a firing squad echoed Petersburg, Rozhestvensky nego- across the anchorage. Disease and FLINDERS, VIC. tiated privately with the mental aberration were taking their Company and ended up purchasing toll as well, and finally. Rozhest- ten of the colliers and their contents vensky packed the mutineers, the outright and placing his own scratch more seriously ill and the worst crews aboard. To cap it off. he wrung Counter Lunch Served Daily lunacy cases into the transport bolster Rozhestvensky's cumber- a promise from the Line to have a Malay and sent her home with a some Fleet. Many officers (in- further four colliers meet him near strong guard aboard. cluding. as it turned out. some Saigon. Remember, Chaps, when at the Gunner Range call in for a Cold Beer The troubles at least contained. amongst the Second Pacific Newspapers from home brought Rozhestvensky implemented Squadron) were in favour of this tidings of political upheavals and serious gunnery exercises in order move, pointing to the additional fire- violence. The Admiralty cabled that the appropriate personnel be power the old ships would provide: Rozhestvensky instructions that made familiar with the new tele- completely forgetting the in- directed him to stay put in the scopic sights fitted to the turrets as adequate range of their obsolete oppressive heat of Nossi-Be and well as the new British-made Barr & guns and that their superannuated await reinforcements before pro- Stroud rangefinders. However, lack engines would reduce even further ceeding further. What reinforce- of spare ammunition curtailed the the already slow speed of the Fleet. ments? The Fleet swung round its training programme: nevertheless, In spite of this obvious logic, the Telephone: Flinders 89 0201 anchors for weeks and rotted. The the standard of shooting improved. Third Pacific Squadron was hastily heat, inactivity, boredom with a Meanwhile back in St Petersburg. cobbled together, and the Admiralty sleazy port, and finally the horrible Rozhestvensky's old enemy. Klado. chose as its Commander the mild- news of the massacre of demon- had been hard at work dissemi- mannered and friendly Rear-Admiral strators outside the Winter Palace nating his own spurious strategies Nebogatoff. provoked open mutiny. amongst the elderly and in- The Admiral raised his Flag aboard The Borodino, Aleksandr III and competent senior officers at the the old 9.000 ton battleship T*ar Sunup Fruit Juices even the Flagship Kniaz Suvaroff Admiralty. With the fall of Port Nicholas I launched in 1889. whose were the victims of various degrees Arthur. Klado was able to convince main armament comprised a pair of of rebellion: an officer on the Ural them of the necessity of sending old short-barrelled 12 inch 30 calibre beat his Captain insensible and on more decrepit reinforcements to guns in a single forward turret ALWAYS FRESH Russian battleship Tzar Nicholas I was launched in 1889. Photograph taken after capture by Japarm*. Deliveries to Supermarkets, Hospitals, Factories, Hotels & Canteens Also available through your Local Dairyman Enquiries — Phone 459 4344 or Whittlesea 716 2353 BURNSIDE HEALTH FOODS PTY. LTD. 124 NORTHERN ROAD, WEST HEIDELBERG, VIC. Page Twenty-eight THE NAVY May/June/J 1 FAITH WITHOUT Sponsored by INSTANT BOILING WATER FOUNDATION ALWAYS AVAILABLE WITH A together with twelve new 6 inch 45 H. E. McNAUGHTON calibre guns in casements and two dozen smaller weapons dotted along WHELAN 69 SWAN ST., RICHMOND, VIC. her tall twin-funnelled hull. Oddly (Near Station) enough, her two main triple- Electric Automatic Boiling expansion engines were in quite Water Unit Hardware and Locksmith good order and she had just recently Agents for Dulux Finishes mud Integrity Paints been fitted with sixteen recondi- tioned Belleville boilers which gave Economical Clean Safe Efficient Telephone 42-6504 her a top speed of about 16 knots: one knot above her original per- In all sizes from I'/i gals, to 100 gals. formance! Suitable for all requirements from small To support him. Nebogatoff had motels to large industrial canteens. three coast-defence vessels which were never intended to undertake Ml Admiral Ushakov (or Admiral Senyavin). Enjoy the Hospitality and Civility extended to all any sort of long sea voyage. The both barret* of turret lying parallel. Navy Personnel at the Laurie Whelan Industries General Admiral Graf Apraksin (here board and two towering funnels Monomakh possessed a main and mafter called simply Apraksin) dis- which, on the one hand, caused secondary battery of five 6 inch 45 Pty. Ltd. BRITTANIA HOTEL placed only 4.200 tons and was them to be nicknamed the "flat- calibre and six 4.7 inch 45 calibre launched in May. 1896. She irons"*: and on the other, made them guns respectively. 14 MORRIS STREET possessed three 10 inch 45 calibre very wet in anything but smooth The apparent harmlessness of 24 CARINISH ROAD, CLAYTON WILLIAMSTOWN, VIC. guns as her main battery, disposed seas. these five vessels matched the gentle VIC. in a twin turret forward and a single Bringing up the rear was the Vladi- nature of their Admiral, and they Phone: 397-5307 turret aft. together with four 4.7 inch mir Monomakh: an older (1881) were not to experience any of the rifles mounted separately. She was equally antiquated sister of the foul weather conditions or coaling protected by a massive belt of Telephone: 544 7544 Dmitri Donskoy. The only real difficulties that plagued Rozhest- A Navy Landmark from way back Harvey armour varying in thickness difference between the two vessels vensky. due in the latter case to good from 10 to 8 inches. lay in their armament: the Vladimir personal relations he enjoyed with the authorities in his intended neutral ports-of-call after his departure from Libau on 15 D. W. & V. D. Anscombe February. 1905. A Close Liaison, the Nav> Dept. and . Back in Nossi-Be. Rozhestvensky AUTHORISED NEWSAGENT finally lost patience with his superiors for not sending him any Periodicals Magazines Paperbacks practical sailing instructions. Ever Cards fur All Occasions Gifts and Gift Wrappings since he first heard of the Third F. Jenkins & Sons Pacific Squadron shortly after arrival at Nossi-Be. Rozhestvensky LABUAN SQUARE had been dreading the inevitable NORLANE, GEELONG, VIC. moment when the two Squadrons Pty. Ltd. would join forces. Over a foot of Telephone: 71 927 weed covered his ship's hulls and when the friendly local French Naval 45 BAY ROAD commander brought the un- TAREN POINT, N.S.W. welcome but important news that Nebogatoff had coaled at and Kindly Sponsored by.. . departed from Crete on the short Russian coast defence ship. General Admiral Gral Apraksin Who arc proud to be associated with the Navy Dept. in Maintenance & Repair W ork She was to steam in company with Armoured Vladimir Monomakh. MILADYS two other coast-defence vessels: the Admiral Ushakov and Admiral BRIDAL & EVENING WEAR A SPECIALITY * Contractors to the Navy Dept. Senyavin. launched in 1893 and Frocks Altered & Made to Measure 1894 respectively. It is worth noting that both vessels had British engines For all Enquiries: from Maudslay and Humphrys in 12 WOORAYL STREET that order. Both ships had two 9 inch CARNEGIE, VIC. Telephone: 525 2833 45 calibre guns mounted forward in Telephone: 56 5120 a twin turret and the same secondary battery as the Apraksin. All three ships had very low free- Pate Thirty THE NAVY 1 J. to. but lighter than, the British FAITH WITHOUT "Majestic" class. Her main guns FOUNDATION (same as Asahi) suffered from "end- on" charging, but with the differ- route via Suez. Rozhestvensky could ence that the guns could be loaded wait no longer On the morning of very slowly in any position if the 16 March, with dark brown smoke evolution was carried out with care. boiling from a forest of funnels, the Her secondary ten 6 inch 40 calibre Second Pacific Squadron cleared guns were disposed evenly between Nossi-Be m line ahead and made off casements and open deck mounts. at 10 knots into the vastness of the Her tertiary armament was similar Indian Ocean. to her larger companions and she also mounted four submerged To frustrate the Admiralty's plans tubes. Unfortunately. her to merge the Second and Third machinery was never very efficient Pacific Squadrons. Rozhestvensky and her sea speed rarely exceeded cabled no-one of his intentions and 15 knots: but her protection amid- for more than three weeks was ships was extremely heavy, being a lost to the world. Only the collier single strip of 18 inch 7'? feet wide crews laid eyes on the Fleet during Once again, after much backing and For once. Togo and Rozhestvensky Harvey steel. this period and it was not until they filling, the French declared the ships were in agreement: Togo fervently were sighted off Singapore in the to be persona non grata' and hoped that Rozhestvensky would When Admiral Ito. in 1894. defeated the Chinese Fleet during afternoon of 8 April, that anyone Rozhestvensky stood out to sea not link forces with Nebogatoff. for Admiral Togo's Flagship, th* battleship Mikasa Not* chrysanthemum «mbl*m on stem. knew they still existed. where, at 1500 hours on 9 May. whilst Rozhestvensky regarded the As the thudding engines of the 1905. the ships of the Second and Third Pacific Squadron as a liability. FAITH WITHOUT FOUNDATION Fleet took them past the island, a Third Pacific Squadrons joined Togo viewed the possible arrival of small Russian Consular steam forces, sixteen thousand miles from the additional artillery as a grave launch bustled out to meet them home. With over fifty vessels under threat He had to defeat the Russians magnificent vessel and the pride of with the latest disastrous news from his command. Rozhestvensky swiftly for yet another very urgent the Imperial Navy. She carried the Manchurian front. The launch looked invincible: at least, on paper reason Sixteen months of war had. her main armament of four 12 inch 40 calibre weapons in the manner of also earned specific Admiralty After coaling and making repairs economically, drained Japan and the day: one twin turret at each instructions to the effect that the in a nearby bay. Nebogatoff and his her credit abroad was almost extremity of the superstructure. Second Pacific Squadron was to ships took up station and on 14 exhausted If the Russian Fleet was Eight of her sixteen 6 inch 40 calibre proceed to Kamranh Bay in French May. the combined fleet set out for allowed to slip through to their sole rifles were mounted in single case- Cochin China (now Vietnam) and what they all hoped would be Vladi- remaining Eastern port. (Vladi- ments and the remainder in opening there await the arrival of the Third vostok: the last stage of their voyage vostok) the war could continue in- ports: four each side. Twenty 12 Pacific Squadron. Confronted with definitely. and Japan would be bled pounder, eight 3 pounder, four 2'/? this intelligence and also prompted The warships of the Japanese fleet white pounder and eight Maxim guns by the desire to make a last-ditch under the command of Vice-Admiral If Togo had any doubts as to made up the tertiary battery. In attempt to avoid Nebogatoff. - Heihichiro Togo were very weary, whether or not Rozhestvensky had addition there were tour sub- Rozhestvensky laid plans that would having been on patrol almost un- any intention of fighting a Fleet merged 18 inch torpedo tubes. Her take his ships directly to Vladi- ceasingly since the opening of hostili- action, they were dispelled when 12 inch guns were slightly less power- vostok. These plans were thwarted ties with Russia Their Fleet Intelligence informed him of ful than those of the Kniaz Suvaroff by the news that one of his heavy possessed fewer vessels than the Rozhestvensky's first strategical and her sisters but she was. never- units had miscalculated her remain- Russians, but Togo was not piagueo error Whilst the combined Fleet was theless. an extremely formidable ing coal supply and therefore could by such crippling handicaps as steaming North through the East vessel. Humphry's Shipyard in England, the Sino-Japanese War. one of the not reach Vladivostok inferior personnel, indifferently China Sea. he suddenly hove-to off Her main protection consisted of a and Asahi slid down the ways at vessels captured was the old 7.350 Alter a 4.500 mile voyage from maintained ships or an uncertain the mouth of the Yangtze Kiang and 156 feet long belt of Krupp steel, Clydebank in 1899. The main arma- ton British-built light battleship Madagascar without any normal flow of supplies, ammunition or detached all his surplus store-ships, varying in thickness from nine ment of both vessels was identical Chin Yen. launched in 1882 She was facilities open to them: re-fuelling coal colliers, auxiliary steamers and inches amidships to four inches on in quantity and layout to that in a sister of the Chinese Flagship Ting the entire fleet five times in mid- Even the staggering loss of the armed merchantmen, which ocean: coping with over seventy the ends. This belt was 7*4 feet wide. Mikasa, whilst the ship's secondary Yuen, whose incumbent. Admiral battleships Yashima and Hatuse to anchored in the estuary: he retained 1 5 4 feet of which was submerged. battery of fourteen 6 inch 40 Ting Pao. was so utterly convinced mechanical mishaps, and all without mines in one day off Port Arthur in the hospital and repair ships Twenty-five Belleville boilers fed calibre guns were disposed 6 in case- that the mere sight of his Flagship's a single non-felonious casualty. 1904 had failed to dim the Fleet's together with one supply ship and a steam to two 7.500 S.H.P. triple- ments and the remander in ports. A 12 inch guns would frighten off Ito: Rozhestvensky had accomplished morale: and that loss represented few tugs The message was clear: expansion engines which were heavy tertiary battery was also car- that his magazines carried only two one of the most dramatic teats in fully one-third of Togo's available Rozhestvensky was about to give designed to push the big warship ried together with four submerged 12 inch shells. Ito must have lost his maritime history. On 14 April, the battleship strength. battle and was clearing his Fleet of along at a maximum speed of tubes. They were protected by a sight, because he utterly shattered cables of the weary Second Pacific When intelligence informed him superfluous vessels. eighteen knots. She could exceed nine to four inch 8'4 feet deep belt ot the Chinese Fleet. Admiral Ting Squadron rattled down through the of the departure of the Second The Mikasa earned Togo's Flag. this with ease, and with no asso- Harvey Nickel steel and they were committed suicide. hawsepipes into the quiet waters of Pacific Squadron from Kronstadt. Launched in 1900 at Vickers Yard in ciated handling problems able to use every bit of their rated 18 When Nebogatoff |Oined Rozhest- Kamranh Bay. Togo began to recall, in stages, his England, she was the equivalent of Shikishima and Asahi were sisters, knot speed vensky. Togo was desperate for Once again the fleet stagnated for overworked units so that complete the British London class of battle- the only visual distinction being The remaining modern battleship heavy units, so the Chin Yen was sub- several weeks. The last four of the overhauls might be accomplished ships and was. in every way. a that the former possessed three was the 12.300 ton Fuji which was mitted to an extensive overhaul Hamburg-Amerika colliers ploughea before Rozhestvensky reached the • R*f*r Part One of this article for biographic* funnels as against the latter's two. built at the Thames Iron Works and and emerged with (amongst other into the Bay and the Squadron Far East. Then came the news of particulars - Feb.-NUr.-Aprt. 1972 ad Woo, pag* Shikishima was punched in 1898 at launched in 1896. She was similar items) four new short-barrelled 12 humped its fill of the precious fuel. Nebogatoff's departure from Libau. 13. May/June/July Page Thirty-two THE NAVY May/June/July THE NAVY Paga Thirty-three FAIT H WITHOUT Kindly sponsored by ... FOUNDATION HOTEL INTERNATIONAL Kataoka. the last mentioned having as a subordinate commander Rear- LANCEFIELD ROAD, AIRPORT WEST Admiral Togo: a close relative of the Commander in Chief (C. in C.) (Turn off freeway at Sharps Road exit) (Admiral Uriu raised his Flag in the Naniwa which was the C. in C.'s ship Excellent Lounge — Entertainment — Copper Grill — Luncheon and when he was a Captain during the Dinner — Drive-in Bottle Department Sino-Japanese War). FREE DELIVERY 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. The full list of Japanese cruisers Telephone: 338 1300 read (not in divisional order) as fol- lows: Nisshin, Kasuga, Azuma, Asama, Tokiwa, Idzumo, Yakumo, The quarterdeck of H.M.S. Renown - 1898. Thb picture included as It shows general It Iwate, Kasagi, Chitose, Niitaka, the period Including early after bridge. Turret guns are 10 inch, 40 calibre. Otawa, Tsushima, Naniwa, and Sponsored by ... Idzumi. C. in C. Togo topped off his This space kindly sponsored by Battle Fleet with over seventy T.B.D.'s. The Japanese have always shown a liking for cruisers and their Navy EDNA MAY has. until recent years, been well endowed with them. The Fleet which fought at Tsu-Shima contained FLORIST many more cruisers than their Rus- sian opponents although this was done to offset their lack of battle- ship strength. Many of these cruisers Flowers for 3f Occasions were of foreign origin, however the lessons learned from them were incorporated in the fine indigenous * designs which were the envy of the Japanese (ex-Chinese) battleship Chin Yen Starboard 12 inch. 20 calibre barbette t world thirty-five years later. beneath forward funnel. Plain and Fancy Boxes The weather began to close in as Plain and Printed Cartons Rozhestvensky cleared the Yangtze estuary and headed North-East into 104 POLICE ROAD Tsu-Shima Straits in the afternoon SPRINGVALE NORTH of 25. May. He had hoped that the 31 LINDEN STREET weather would screen his Fleet from VICTORIA Japanese scouts which, he had been (Rear 202 Glenlyon Road) told, were out in quantity. The skies EAST BRUNSWICK, VIC. cleared the next day. but the ensuing Telephone: 546 5932 night was misty. A.H.: 546 6839 Telephone: 38 9295 At 0700 hours on 27 May. 1905. with heavy seas and light mist, a strange two-funnelled ship appeared to starboard travelling at high speed. It proved to be the Japanese auxiliary cruiser Sinano Maru. Kindly sponsored by ... Before a gun could be brought to bear, she suddenly went about and JOHN HOCKING disappeared into the mist. The Rus- sian's precarious luck had finally PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMIST run out: Togo now knew where they were. Prescriptions dispensed — cosmetics and all medical requirements Japanese armoured cruiser Kasuga. Italian-built, originally for Argentina. Rozhestvensky deployed his Battle inch 20 calibre guns in her old bar- The 14 inch compound armour belt 24 GILLIES STREET. ROCHESTER. VIC. Fleet in two parallel lines. To star- bettes (not turrets). She was also was retained and she was given three board was the stronger force headed Telephone: 25 given four new 6 inch 40 calibre new above-water torpedo tubes, by the Flagship Kniaz Suvaroff, fol- single guns and her two sets of old- Togo's cruiser divisions were lowed by the Aleksandr III, Boro- Also at Locklngton — Telephone 86 2473 fashioned horizontal compound divided amongst the Admirals Kami- dino, Oryol, Oslyabaya, Sissoi engines gained a new lease of life. mura. Dewa. Uriu. Takeomi and Veliky, Navarin, and the cruiser Pag* Thirty-Four THE NAVY May/Jum/Juh May/JuiWJuly THE NAVY Page Thirty-ftva and 6 inch shells into the rigid Japanese formations: this time some of the large shells landed Sponsored By ... inboard. At least a dozen projectiles struck the Mikasa and of these, one exploded when it hit the bridge lad- der. scattering splinters every- where and slightly wounding Togo DRAYTON & GARSON Nebogatoff's flatirons were pump- ing out surprisingly accurate sal- voes at Togo's cruisers: his 12 and PTY. LTD. 10 inch guns ripped into the Japanese protected cruiser Idzumi Ffrst protected cruiser ever built formerly the Esmerelda Yakumo, knocking out the fore- FUNERAL DIRECTORS Launched 18S4 and purchased from Chile in 1895. Original two. 10 Inch Krupp guns later turret and the 12 inch artillery of changed for two. 6 inch, 40 calibre and six. 4.7 Inch. 40 calibre weapons. Picture taken before the Tsar Nicholas I damaged the alterations and before the Russo-Japanese war. Note Chilean Jack and ensign. Asama's steering gear and put her 1646 HIGH STREET, GLEN IRIS VIC. out of the line. In those first FAITH WITHOUT FOUNDATION moments of the battle, the Russians surprised everyone and scored 24-HOUR SERVICE Nakhimoff. In the port line was swung in a tight circle to port, heavily. Nebogatoff's Flagship Tsar thereby crossing the Russians' "T ". Nicholas I, Admiral Seniavin, Aprak- It was then the turn of the Telephone: 25 4416 — 25 5945 As the Japanese ships circled to sin, and the Admiral Ushakov. The Japanese. Recovering quickly from straighten out on an Easterly course. cruiser divisions formated astern of the initial Russian onslaught, the For the time-honoured service of our affiliated company Rozhestvensky turned his vessels to the heavy units with the scouts Sviet- ponderous turrets of the battle line starboard on a parallel course and lana and Almaz out ahead. A cruiser whined around to the estimated at approximately 1400 hours and a few T.B.D.s were on either bearing, and seconds later a spark- opened fire at a range of 9.500 yards. SLEIGHTS flank and the last vessels in the Fleet ling multiple flash from the Mikasa were the remaining repair, supply The opening salvoes were a nasty heralded the awe-inspiring bellow of and hospital ships. shock to the Japanese as they had her reply to the challenge. The o f Melbourne Togo had the inestimable advan- previously understood Russian experienced Japanese gun-crews tage of knowing exactly where the shooting to be extremely poor. The had stood fast during the initial Rus- Russians were without exposing 950 pound shells howled into the sian bombardment. With disci- his position. He intended to wait water only 22 yards from the lead- plined thoroughness, each ship until the Russians had cleared Tsu- ing Japanese vessels, and even as fired carefully aimed sighting Shima Island so that his ships would their bridge staffs watched in amaze- rounds and. after finding the range, have more manoeuvring room. Hav- ment and cursed their own delay in gradually increased the rate of fire to ing received full intelligence of the opening, the Russian line was again one of furious devastating Russian disposition. Togo sent enveloped in smoke as the staccato accuracy. Compliments to all members from. units of his cruiser divisions to thunder of another ragged, flashing The poor Russian crews, lacking attack the weaker rear of the Rus- broadside poured more of the 12 the type of "esprit do corps" that sus- sian Fleet whilst he arranged his main Battle Line ahead of the Rus- sian heavy units Japanese cruisers once again appeared on the flanks of the Rus- MILLER ROPES sian Fleet, impudently keeping station for over an hour. Finally, the gunners on the Oryol could stand the sight no longer At 1120 hours, without waiting for orders, round after round of 6 inch gunfire flashed out from the Oryol and touched off other trigger-happy gunners throughout the Fleet before Rozhest- TWINES AND vensky was able to restore order. Without apparent reason, Rozhest- vensky ordered his First and Second Divisions to re-deploy to a new loca- tion and to increase speed to eleven knots. Whilst the Russians were engaged in this ill-timed man- oeuvre. Togo's Battle Fleet appeared on the horizon and after leading his TEXTILES ships across the Russians' course. May/June/July THE NAVY Page Thirty-seven Page Thirty-six THE NAVY FAITH WITHOUT Ace Trading and Insulation FOUNDATION tained their Japanese opposite num- bers were not prepared for what hit them. Togo's ships were firing Co. Pty. Ltd: direct-action, shimose-filled shells with extremely sensitive fuses that exploded on contact with anything Manufacturers of "Ace" Industrial and Commercial Cool Rooms, and solid: even a funnel-guy. The object Controlled Atmosphere Stores, for All Industrial Uses, including Dairy was to sweep the decks clear of per- sonnel and turn the less-protected Products, Poultry, Farming, Fruit Industry, Frozen Foods, etc. areas into a blazing wasteland, thereby completely demoralising Specialists in Prefabricated & On-Site Rooms the crews to the point where they could not work their ships effectively. Rooms can be extended at any time Captain Vladimir Semenoff had Full Installation and Maintenance Service served under Vice-Admiral Mak- Japaneee gunners working an eerty pattern six Inch m Contractors to H.M.A.S. Cerburus haroff in the Far East and was now a supernumery aboard the Kniaz minutes they suddenly seemed to The Aleksandr III thus became the Suvaroff under Rozhestvensky. He go all to pieces and their shooting leading ship. Her Captain, with no Enquiries or Quotes Phone: 36-6159 left a horribly detailed account of became wild and almost harmless." orders from his wounded Admiral on the hell created by the Japanese It is no wonder. the blazing wreck astern led the shellfire: "It seemed impossible At approximately 1420 hours. remainder of the First Division in a even to count the number of projec- Togo's ships changed to armour- great circle (South) and then turned 13 BRENTWOOD AVENUE, PASCOE VALE STH. tiles striking us. I had not only never piercing shells and. having closed to back North. Togo started to follow witnessed such a fire before, but I little over a mile, the carnage was them around, then seeing the Alek- VIC. 3044 had never imagined anything like it. appalling as hit after hit thudded sandr Ill's intention, reversed his Shells seemed to be pouring upon into the vitals of Rozhestvensky's course and again "crossed the 'T'". us incessantly one after another . . . demoralised vessels. The As the two battle lines converged on The steel plates and superstructure Oslyabaya was the first to go. Her a collision course, the fire of every on the upper deck were torn to one of the Japanese vessels concen- Sponsored by sheer walls made a perfect target pieces and the splinters caused which the Asahi could hardly miss. trated on the Aleksandr III. She Kindly Sponsored by. many casualties. Iron ladders were Three 12 inch hits in the bows peeled turned East in an attempt to escape E. L. & H. Deville Pty. Ltd. crumpled up into rings, and guns off the heavy armour like onion-skin, the murderous fire, but soon were literally hurled from their admitting the heaving seas which dropped out of line leaking like a SHEEPSKIN MERCHANTS mountings. Such havoc would never poured in and finished her in approxi- sieve and with roaring fires aboard. be caused by the simple impact of a mately ten minutes. She drowned in Borodino took over the dangerous shell, still less by that of its splinters. a forest of shellfire at 1530 hours: role of leader. Togo drew up his forces again. His clean-bottomed LINER SERVICES 197 KING STREET It could only be caused by the force thus becoming the first armoured of the explosion ... .In addition to hulls were able to out-steam and out- MELBOURNE. VIC. battleship ever to be sunk by gun- this there was the unusually high fire alone. Admiral Felkerzam manoeuvre the fouled Russian ves- Pty. Ltd. temperature and liquid flame of the accompanied her to the bottom: he sels which had been in the water over Telephone: 67 1486 explosion which seemed to spread had not died in action, but from a seven months. over everything. I actually watched final massive stroke the previous However, his cruisers had a steel plate catch fire from a burst. evening. For reasons of morals, only 60 MARKET STREET Of course, the steel did not burn, but absorbed battle-damage whilst chas- Rozhestvensky. the ship's Captain ing the smaller units. The old Dmitri MELBOURNE the paint on it did. Such almost in- and the medical staff knew of the combustible materials as ham- Donskoy carried herself into fame Kindly sponsored by .. event. mocks and rows of boxes, drenched by beating off and seriously damag- with water, flared up in a moment. At ing no less than four light cruisers, The Kniaz Suvaroff was slowly J. J. Casey & Son Pty. Ltd. times it was almost impossible to sinking two T.B.D.'s. and damaging being transformed from a fine see anything with glasses, owing to a third before being captured. No- Eitate Agents — Auctioneers — RES.I. modern vessel into a red-hot ruin. everything being so distorted with one left aboard was unwounded. all Depot and Terminal ESTABLISHED 1883 With most of her topsides virtually the quivering,.heated air. No! It was guns were shattered and she finally unrecognisable and both funnels APPLETON DOCK Specialists in Property Sales different!" sank from her injuries. Admiral Property Management — Insurance — Property gone, she absorbed a heavy shell in Dewa's Flagship Kasafl was holed the steering gear thereby causing WEST MELBOURNE Consultants below the waterline and headed for A Japanese officer later stated his her to swing uncontrollably out of home. The Naniwa was similarly hit 193 SMITH STREET impression was that: "At first the the line. By now Rozhestvensky had and also dropped out of the fight. Telephone: 689 2244 Russians shot fairly well, causing been seriously wounded and the Cap- FITZROY. VIC. The whole Russian Fleet by late some loss of life at the more ex- tain killed. She slowly drifted East- afternoon was in an almost help- Telephone: 41 5027 posed stations on board our leading wards and for about thirty minutes less huddle under the fire of Togo's ships. But after the first twenty the shellfire lifted from her. main line to the East and by his THE NAVY May/Jun*/Ji Page Thirty-rtght May/June/July THE NAVY Pace Thirty-nine with her when she finally suc- FAITH WITHOUT found out why. Over eighty Japanese cumbed to four torpedoes at 1900 T.B.D.'s sallied out from bays and Best wishes to all Naval Personnel from ... FOUNDATION hours. small ports into the heavy seas and Nebogatoff. aboard the Tsar Nicho- fell upon the struggling battleships. cruisers from the South. Rozhest- This space sponsored as a las I, was now Commander-in-Chief. Only the total blackness of the night George Wills & Co. Limited vensky was again seriously wounded Rozhestvensky had given him coupled with an increasingly foul Goodwill Gesture to all and lay. almost insensible and para- Carrieri and Hauliers orders to push on to Vladivostok sea saved the Russians from com- Nav\ Members from .. . lysed in his lower limbs, on the floor and to take what was left of the Paci- plete annihilation. Navarin of a 6 inch turret, all the control fic Squadron with him. Borodino absorbed two torpedoes and sank 21 DIVETT STREET stations being shot to scrap-iron. still led the Russian battleship line. next morning. Other ships were hit The T.B.D. Buiny was summoned PORT ADELAIDE Astern of her limped the Oryol, then and damaged but did not sink. The alongside the blazing Kniaz Suva- Aleksandr III, the damage to which Japanese lost two T.B.D.'s to gunfire P.O. BOX 111 roff and. showing tremendous was partially repaired. Behind them and others were severely damaged W. TURNER courage, the little craft's Captain came the remainder of the Squad- by collisions in the inky night. Telephone: 47 5366 brought her alongside in the heav- ron in a confused group including Daybreak found the Russians scat- ing swell and Rozhestvensky was Nebogatoff's own ships which had tered all over the Sea of Japan. Only PTY. LTD. gently lowered over the side. been largely ignored by Togo who Nebogatoff's original Squadron The Japanese now turned their had. wisely, concentrated his fire was still largely intact, but. out- attention once again to the tor- on the more modern vessels. BCNI wishes to all Njval Personnel from . . tured Kniaz Suvaroff. Hardly a gun ranged and out-gunned, he acted was able to fire yet she refused to With the coming of night. Alek- wisely and quietly surrendered General Engineers strike her colours. Her tormentors sandr III finally gave up the struggle There remained only the strag- marvelled at her courage as they to stay afloat; she slowly rolled on S.A. Stevedoring Co. Pty. Ltd. glers to be mopped up. Some Rus- rammed point-blank fire into the her side and died. A few minutes sian vessels refused to surrender flaming hulk. Rozhestvensky. his later, the fires aboard the Borodino and went down with their remaining Chief of Staff. Semenoff and a few reached her magazines and she dis- guns firing until the barrels burnt Hanson Rd., Wingfield sailors had already left aboard the appeared in a gigantic explosion. out. The cruiser Svietlana and the Buiny. Her engines stopped. Kniaz SOUTH AUSTRALIA, 5013 LIPSON ST., PORT ADELAIDE As night fell, the Japanese battle- coast-defence ship Admiral Usha- Suvaroff was manned now by only a line suddenly withdrew from the kov were in this courageous handful of volunteers who perished Telephone: 47 5833 killing-ground. The Russians soon bracket. The cruisers Oleg, Aurora, Telephone: 45-8113 What does ONE Johnnie's Credit Card give you? Easy Shopping at Johnnie's Four Stores in South Australia RUNDLE STREET; ARNDALE; MARION; ELIZABETH The opportunity to use any of our Accounts . . . a monthly, with up to 60 days to pay; a Budget or No. 2. with small extended payments: a Household Account, for larger-than-usual items. Open your account at Johnnie's, today. Ask any sales-person for details. Russian battleship Oryol after capture by Japoneee. Note extensive theN-holes In left-hand photograph and secondary turrot pointing outboard. Right-hand photograph depicts forecastle of Oryol after capture. Note damage to muzzle of right hand 12 Inch gun. May/Juna/July THE NAVY Pag* Fortyon* Pag* Forty THE NAVY May/June/. Bcsl Wishes to all Naval Personnel from .. . FAITH WITHOUT DIVERS'SERVICE FOUNDATION 80 GRANGE ROAD and Jemtchug escaped during the night of the 27th and found Manila HINDMARSH, S.A. and internment. Izumrud simply Scuba Diving DHcovers the Beautiful New fled the scene and ran aground at Underwater World. the entrance of the Russian port of Australia has 13.000 Miles of the Coastline and Vladimir Bay in Siberia, and was some of the Most 8eautitul P'ving Spots in the scuttled where she lay. Other ves- World Why not take a Course in S C U B A Diving To all visiting Navy personnel sels simply sank from their injuries. and Discover that same new World with a Friend The remainder of the warships, For your diving training course large and small, either fled into Telephone: 46 3422 internment or were captured by Togo and. ultimately repaired and added to the overwhelmingly vic- WEST END Russian torpado boat Biedovoi .i.iar ship to Buiny torious Japanese Fleet which lost Bcsl Wishes lo all Naval Personnel from the only two small T.B Ds and suffered Russia did not regain a Navy of con- no major or crippling damage to threatened its existence. Togo and sequence for over four decades. The any of his large ships Rozhestvensky were, to quote SOUVENIRS WIRRULLA HOTEL Navy of Imperial Japan rose in sta- Richard Hough: "the only Admirals During the night, the Buiny ran out ture over the years to become, ulti- ever to lead their Fleets into a full- (S. L.& M. V. Waldie, Props.) of coal and Rozhestvensky and his mately. an integral part of a System scale gunnery battle. Tsu-Shima Come and see Perth's largest range of staff transferred to her sister Bie- that required the combined efforts Wirrulla. S.A. was the ironclad's finest hour: the souvenirs — gemstone and opal jewellery, dovoi which, in company with other of several maior nations to. once one occasion in its brief history The Best of Beer. Wine and Spirits t'.xccllcnt Russian units, was making for Vladi- again, dim the flame of conquest. when it fulfilled its functions wild flowers, bark paintings and Aboriginal Accommodation and Food Fricndl) and Courteous vostok She was captured the next The Battle of Tsu-Shima was without interference" artefacts, plus hundreds of other items Attention morning (28th) and Rozhestvensky fought at the only period in history Readers are invited to comment went into hospitalised internment when the steam-powered, iron-clad briefly on this article Should there For Reservations at Sasebo Naval Base in Japan, We also have the best selection of Suede and line-of-battleship was supreme and be sufficient editorial space in the Telephone: Wirrulla 19 where he was treated with the before aircraft and submarine- next edition of The Navy, certain of sheepskin jackets — all popular colours and utmost respect and where he was launched torpedoes seriously the letters will be included Editor. latest styles, kangaroo coats and slippers, visited, as an equal, by Togo him- kangaroo and sheepskin mats and ranch self Upon his return to Russia after the war. Rozhestvensky found, not rugs Compliments and Best Wishes to all Naval unnaturally, that he was to be the Sponxircd b\ Personnel from... scapegoat Vet. as befitting his WE WILL MAKETOORDER rank and past achievements, he was W. Thomson & Sons Pty. Ltd. dealt with gently and was quietly r SHEPPARDWINE retired on a gene ous pension. TRANSPORT CONTRACTORS Nebogatoff and Rozhestvensky's TANKERS PTY. LTD. Chief of Staff, together with certain Bual Rail other officers, were Court- S\dnc\ Melbourne WEST END SOUVENIR SHOPS 29 FRANCIS ROAD Martialled and sentenced to be shot. Only the direct intervention of the BRAHMA LODGE, S.A. 9109 10 MARGARET STREET AT— Tsar prevented the executions, how- Telephone: 981177 ever ail served long terms of HLNTINGDALE, VIC. 897 HAY STREET, PERTH imprisonment. Telephone: S44 7022 Phone: 21 4966 THORN LIE SQUARE, THORNLIE Phone: 692271 Besl wishes to all Naval Personnel from . .. Kindly Sponsored By Serving FLOREAT FORUM AU Telephone: 87 9690 Cellulose Australia Limited Faitht DIANELLA PLAZA PAPER MANUFACTURERS R. B. PENN PTY. LTD. Phone: 76 7990 Paper Board Mil FUNERAL DIRECTORS MILLKENT, SOUTH AUSTRALIA CAROUSEL SHOPPING CENTRE Church Services arranged for all Faiths Service at any Hour Telephone: TanUnoola 344111 ALBANY H'WAY, CANNINGTON 170 SYDNEY RD., COBURG, VIC. — Phone: 36 1698 And now alto at ML Newman House, St. Sales Department 7 KING WILUAM STREET. UNLEY, S.A. 3 BELAIRE AVENUE, GLENROY — Phone: 306 3064 Georges Terrace, Perth Telephone: 72196S If No Answer Phone: 63 3469 May/June/July P<|t Forty-two THE NAVY THE NAVY Page Forty-three Best wishes & compliments from . . Sponsored b> . .. FRICKER CARRINGTON G. A. WHITING PTY. LTD. GROUP OF COMPANIES TO THE EDITOR. 55-57 SCORESBY ROAD Building and Civil Engineering Contractors BAYSWATER, VIC . 388 CARRINGTON STREET 5/45 Evansdale Rd one funnel, while the other ship P.O. Box 78 Hawthorn in the picture with the 'Variag' is Lindisfarne 7015. Spcci ilisls in Industrial Tube Manipulation & ADELAIDE Victoria. 3122 plainly a British cruiser, and with a Tasmania. 1 ahriealion nl all Metals 29th March. 1972 little research in a library I could 4-5-1972 Telephone: 23 1733 Dear Sir. find out exactly which one. The Editor. Telephone: 729 2562 I have been made very angry by - P21. Despite the caption, it "The Navy" Galatea's article on the Russo- should be pointed out that the pic- Dear Sir. Japanese war. and as I note that ture shows a Russian cruiser. I read with interest the article you are asking for opinions, here is Now I wish to quote from a con- "Faith without Foundation" by mine Kindly sponsored by temporary source on the attack Galatea in the last edition of WELCHMAN'S AUTO First and foremost, the article which opened the war. "NAVY". However I feel that the SERVICE sacrifices history for dramatic "In the attack of 8th to 9th Feb- author failed to check the article IAN H. RATH BONE effects. Things were just not as des- ruary. not one of our vessels was he had written. cribed. As an account it is absurd sunk, and the damage was repaired The caption to the photo on the -Ml repairs expertk dune brakes, tunc-ups. I r tin I end and jingoistic, and not fit to be in an astonishingly short space of first page lists a 6500 ton battle- RESIDENT CHEMIST alignments treated as history. Does Galatea" time, seeing how feeble the ship (just as easy to write as battle- imagine that his only audience is resources of Port Arthur were. Why wagon) sunk at the battle of the Yel- Open 6 Day* a Week 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. children? 760 HAMPTON STREET not admit at once that we might low Sea (August 10th) whereas, as I shall deal in detail with several very easily have b*en sent to the BRIGHTON. VIC. 672 GLENHUNTLY ROAD the text later admits, this 13.380 points only, out of the many that bottom one by one. if our men had ton ship was interned at Tsingtao. SOUTH CAULFIELD, VIC. could be taken up. First, there is not been at their stations and had On the surprise torpedo attack Telephone: 92 4814 Telephone: S3 5772 not one major source work in the not done their duty conscien- on Port Arthur, other writers state Bibliography that has any bearing tiously?" that the Russian net defences on the !904 campaign. And how I have never heard the extra- were not overcome by the cutters does "Warships of World War P pos- ordinary story of the human torpe- on the Japanese torpedoes, (and sibly merit inclusion when it deals Sponsored by does before, and I frankly do not the British still used nets up till exclusively with British and believe t. but on the subject of net 1915) and the only three hits were German ships? For all Interstate and Overseas Travel LADY OF FASHION cutters I quote Reginald on extremities not guarded by Secondly the illustrations and Hargreaves: nets. Three strikes out of eighteen Contact our Experienced Consultants Pty. Ltd. their shabby captions. P8. The "There was no escaping the con- to twenty-three. Different writers at . . . Tsesarevitch' was not sunk on clusion that had the Japanese tor- give varying numbers of tor- AND 10th August, but lasted until 1922. pedoes' net-cutters functioned pedoes launched. And what sort of an armoured belt properly, the damage inflicted on Comparing this war as the author is described as 8 V1 by 9 V? MISHA MANUFACTURING the Russian fleet would have been is to later wars, perhaps he should Co. PI 5. In the second picture, far heavier. The 'Tsesarevitch' had have mentioned the fact that STEWART MOFFATT absence of guns etc. plainly indi- found no less than four "Yellow Chemulpo (now Inchon) was 134 FLINDERS ST.. MELBOURNE cates that this is a picture taken of cigars' caught up in her nets." secured by Togo's forces as a har- Telephone: 63 4678 the Retvizan' inside Port Arthur The remainder of the story I shall bour to land troops and stores to after the capture of the port by the remain to be put into perspective invade Korea just as McArthur did TRAVEL Japanese, having been scuttled by by perusal of a proper history, but in 1950. Russian sources claim the Russians. The upper picture I cannot leave the moral tacked on that the Variag scuttled herself in on this page is of her as the the end of the article ""History, this attack and was not sunk by Japanese Hizen". with the flag almost always, repeats itself." extensive shellfire as the article JAMES C. WATSON changed. Does your writer perhaps expect suggests. It did not take long for Cnr. Grenfell & King William PI 7. In all the assembly of ships another Japanese surprise attack, the Japanese to put her back into Sts. Adelaide, S.A. 5000 in the upper picture. I am sur- maybe on Sydney: harbour? And service. prised the ships astern of the WINE 4 SPIRIT what. pray, was the Port Arthur The fact that it was mainly the TELEPHONE: 8-6721 Tsesarevitch' as the "Bayan" and MERCHANTS attack repeating? lack of good skilled leadership on the one astern of her as either the Russian side that lost them the Peresviet' or Pobieda'. The I assume that Galatea' is not 333 LYGON STREET sea war can perhaps be shown by original of this must have been a actually a sea cadet, needing en- the loss of five of the sixteen CARLTON, VIC. great deal clearer to identify the couragement rather than criti- twelve inch guns out of action that MEMBER OF AUSTRALIAN Grosiastchy'. after all. The lower cism. but I could easily have done Togo had as his main armament FEDERATION OF TRAVEL AGENTS Telephone: 347 3985 picture on this page is grossly in without his version of history. at the battle on the 10th August left error The gunboat Korietz' was a him markedly inferior to the Rus- three-masted rigged vessel with Yours sincerely (Sgd) Colin Jones sian battle group. May/June/July P<|t Forty-two THE NAVY THE NAVY Page Forty-three LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Kindly sponsored by ... Sponsored by... The Novlk did not reach port but was driven ashore in La Perouse Straits by the Japanese cruisers THE HOT POTATO Chltosa and Tsushima. (Like an (Tommy & June Keenan — Proprietors) $ TANMOR Emden?) Of the Vladivostok cruisers, the 250 JASPER ROAD, McKINNON, VIC. Boyagra was left behind not the Boyarin, (the author had sunk her All types of take-away foods — fish, chicken and TILING CO. previously) after accidentally prawns cooked in a special English-type batter grounding. On the return to port Salads — Soft Drinks, etc. Suppliers and Layers of all Tvpes of ( eramk Wall and of the last two units of this force, Phone Orders Welcome — Also Catering Floor Tiles (the Rurik was sunk) the Gromoboi Telephone: 58 4582 also grounded. (This appears to have been a favourite pastime of Mosiac tiles tu officc blocks factories shopping the Russian captains.) The Rossia centres shop frontages houses bathrooms was the only unit of this force left toilets renovations Kindly Sponsored By .. in combat readiness. She was deemed however too weak to oppose the Japanese alone. Office & Showroom Russian armoured cruiser Rurik. HARRINGTON'S BAKERIES I congratulate you on the ever PTY. LTD. increasing standard of this maga- course of these events. In writing ficent heritage of the oceans, and 177 McKlNNIN ROAD zine and I only wish it were a these articles I have examined to whom history in any form has McKINNON, VIC. monthly and that the reproduc- carefully as many as practicable been represented as a dry and life- MELBOURNE'S FINEST BREAD tion of the photos' could be better. of these publications and docu- less list of events. Mr Jones' state- I look forward to the next edition. ments which I consider pertinent ment that "there is not one major to the subject under discussion. 497 CANTERBURY ROAD Telephone: 58 8148 Yours sincerely. source work in the bibliography After Hours: 58 5137 & 231 1030 (Sgd) A. J. Lee It is only after careful considera- that has any bearing on the 1904 VERMONT, VIC. - tion of all the available facts that I campaign" serves only to high- Telephone: 87 1417 Upon receipt of the letters printed decide on a written course of light his lack of familiarity with the above, referring to the article entitled action. volumes in question. With one FAITH WITHOUT FOUNDA- exception, the works to which he TION (February-March-April. 1972 I am at a loss to understano why refers deal either in whole or in edition). I referred them to the Mr Jones' should assume that I was part with the conflict at sea Sponsored by author, GALATEA and invited his being jingoistic in my narrative. between Russia and Japan in the The credibility of history becomes Kindly Sponsored by. . answer and comments which have period 1904-5. F. & V. S. BERRY been reproduced below. imperilled when an author indulges in partisan comment. If Mr Your Local Licensed Grocer Editor. The exception, of course, is the Jones' accusation concerning It must be stated that regret- volume entitled "Warships of inherent jingoism is occasioned 45 FOOT STREET, FRANKSTON tably a greater or lesser degree of World War I", to which I referred by the statement found at the foot error exists in most of the cap- periodically merely as a precau- VIC. of the first column on Page 17. tions applied to illustrations tionary technical aid in checking ABBEY ENGINEERING then all I can say is that the senti- Free Delivery All Grocery Lines at Competitive appearing in my article. the details of other nation's vessels ments expressed were Russian, Prices of similar vintage to those actually Difficulty was experienced in ob- not mine, and accurately reflect Well Stocked Range of Wines and Spirits involved in the Russo-Japanese PTY. LTD. taining suitable photographs to the tenor of thought current conflict. The reason for this Telephone 783-3121 accompany my text and those that amongst the senior Russian com- avenue of inquiry is quite simple. became available from an outside manders in the area at that time Specialists ia Hydraulic Lifting Equipment source were received beyond the Take one particular incident for Editor's deadline for manuscript example. I required specific infor- Manufacturers and Hirers of "ABBEY" Mobile material, thereby occasioning When I am writing these articles mation about a particular Rus- only a cursory perusal by me. I have always to bear in mind the sian battleship: the only informa- Cranes. Stackers. Scissor Tables Sponsored by I regret those inaccuracies that wide spectrum of persons who tion available to me at the time were printed and I appreciated Mr love the sea and its history, be was both sketchy and incomplete. Jones' comments in that quarter. they mariners or land-bound enthu- A quick check with the British sec- M. CAST PRODUCTS tion of "Warships of World War I" Constructive criticism is always siasts. I have always attempted, revealed that, for a given tonnage, Cnr. Princes Hwy.& Smith Rd. welcome by writers, however I beg therefore, to relate a story that Metal Stamping and Pressure Die Casting the "Majestic" class of British to di'fer over several of Mr Jones' could be enjoyed by the first- battleships possessed very similar subsequent points. mentioned category of reader, and Springvale, Vic. 25 YARRA STREET dimensions to the Russian vessel Climatic events in the world's to encourage a greater interest in in question and this -endowed her SOUTH MELBOURNE, VIC. history, military or otherwise, naval affairs in those persons, who Telephone: 546 3322 hitherto incomplete details with a often initiate considerable diver- do not normally read extensively greater degree of credibility pend- Phone: 69-6515 gence of opinion amongst even the on this subject. Also, one cannot ing the arrival of specifically most expert of analysts and his- forget the children, so many of authoritative material. torians on the question of the true whom are strangers to the magni- May/June/July THE NAVY P<|t Forty-two THE NAVY Page Forty-three not vice versa: the vessels would South American navies have LETTERS TO THE EDITOR then appear in their correct order. always been good customers of Mr Jones' criticism of the photo- Britain. The photograph of the battle- graph at the foot of Page 17 is par- ship "Tsesarevitch" on Page 9 One could take the extreme view tially correct. The vessel lying to (not Page 8) has been incorrectly and assume that this is a photo- port of the Variag is not the gun- V\ Uh ihc Complimcnls of: THINK R.A.C. captioned. I freely admit that the graph of the Variag after capture boat Korietz, which was a three figures given in the caption for her and repair by the Japanese and is masted 1.500 ton gunboat with armour-belt dimensions are inex- shown moored in company with a one funnel and the bridge abaft the FOR MAXIMUM PROTECTION plicable. however if Mr Jones had Japanese light cruiser. I am foremast and featuring a very examined my article more inclined to doubt this for two prominent extended ram bow. The thoroughly, he would have found reasons. Firstly the Variag is flying vessel was square-rigged on the the correct information in the the Russian naval ensign, and DILLINGHAM foremast only and was rigged with first column of Page 15 and at the secondly, the only twin funnel two old type 8 inch guns, one old top o* column 3 on Page 20. To cruisers in the Japanese navy type 6 inch, four old type 4 inch clarify the details of the Tsesare- which bear any resemblance to and six small quick firers. At the vitch s armour, her main belt was the vessel in the illustration could SHIPYARDS time of her demise her machinery 10" thick. 4" on the ends and her only be the Kasagi or the Chitose, was in poor condition and she was mam armoured deck was also 4" in both of which were launched from capable of a sustained speed of thickness. Total weight of armour American shipyards in January. only approximately 4-4knots 4.000 tons. 1898 (W.A.) under power. Unfortunately copy- right restrictions prevent me The photograph of Retvizan at from orinting an illustration of If Mr Jones is able to discover the foot of Page 15 has been this interesting old vessel. She was the true identity of this cruiser. I captioned fairly accurately. The a near-sister of the gunboat Man- would greatly appreciate being after-most 12" turret has been Pty. Ltd. djur which appears in the upper informed of the results of his trained on the starboard beam photograph on this page. I cannot efforts. and its two guns are plainly visible identify the vessel lying to port of in the original photograph. Her the Variag in this photograph. The illus ation on Page 21 is secondary casement weapons are Adnittedly her outline does included so that a possible method also visible. It is not necessary to resemble that of a British scout of deployment of moored sea actually remove the guns from a cruiser of the pre-dreadnought mines could be appreciated by ship of war in order that she might era. however this resemblance those not fa -niltar with this •SHIPBUILDERS be disarmed. Removal of the alone cannot serve to identify a weapon. Whilst it is indeed true •SHIP REPAIRERS breech-blocks, together with the unit of the Royal Navy. that three maior Japanese units dismantling of the firing mechan- were destroyed in the space of a • ENGINEERS isms would effectively incapa- few minutes by mines like these, citate her. In the photograph Assuming for the moment that the caption is unfortunate in its under discussion she is still in she was at least British built, it implication. The drawing is Rus- Russian hands. should be recalled that much inter- national warship tonnage was. sian and the vessel depicted is and still is. constructed in British almost certainly the armoured The upper illustration on Page shipyards: for example, some cruiser Rossia. 9CORKHILL STREET 15 is an original unretouched photograph of the Retvizan in NORTH FREMANTLE tropical light-grey livery. This reproduction is undesirably dark otherwise the buff colouring of the funnels would have been I plainly visible After capture and P.O. Box 50 reconstruction by the Japanese her appearance was altered and North Fremantle 6159 An R.A.C. policy protects you in her name changed to Hizen. Her thick military masts and fighting every way. Find out now. tops were replaced by lighter pole Phone or call Today. masts without prominent plat- forms and her funnels were I shortened. Lastly her colour Telex Address: changed to overall medium-grey "DILSHIP" I can understand Mr Jones' con- Telex AA 92655 fusion concerning the disposi- Phone: 35 4622 tion of vessels in the upper pic- ture on Page 17. The photograph is not clear, however, the vessels DILINGHAM RAC. INSURANCE PTY. LTD. as listed are in fact in the picture. 228 Adelaide Terrace. Perth Phone 25-0551 Bearing in mind that the caption Armoured crulsar Rossia Black hull Indicates ship Is serving In northern waters, The Shipyard on the West Coast should read from right to left, and protruding 'bow-chaser' gun and ornamental scroM-worfc on tha stem. May/June/July THE NAVY Page Forty-nine THE NAVY Pig. Forty-.tght LETTERS TO THE EDIIOR As to the second of Mr Jones' last this area of operations. "Janes two points, let me remind him of Fighting Ships of 1919" states that Mr Jones' contemporary source the fact that our immensely the Varlag was di'initely sunk by quotation alleging only light valuable and incredibly lucky naval gunfire at Chemulpo (Korea) damage as a result of the Japanese country is. militarily, one of the in February. 1904. She was salved BLUE attack on Port Arthur is obviously most vulnerable on earth, and in in August. 1905. repaired by the of Russian origin. In the light of the light of current international Japanese and renamed Soya. She Jim Chappel Russia's thinly veiled contempt of tension, we should heed the was finally retroceded to Russia by Japanese worth and ability, it is ancient Chinese maxim: "The Japan in March. 1916. and finally STRAND hardly likely that they would admit more you sweat in peace, the less dismantled at Liverpool in 1918. to suffering a military reverse at you bleed in war." the hands of those whom they (the Various authors have the Novik Russians) considered to be very The attack on Sydney Harbour by being run aground and destroyed Carrier much their inferiors. Type "A" Japanese midget sub- at. alternatively Saghalien. Kor- marines was but the tip of the pro- sakov or La Perouse Straits. It is In arriving at my printed conclu- verbial iceberg. The frightening virtually one and the same area. sions concerning the Port Arthur spectre of what could have hap- attack. I consulted three separate pened had the historic battle of Until the advent of Mr Lee's and neutral sources, all of which Midway been won by the Japanese letter. I was totally unaware of the were in general agreement, with is mercilessly expounded in the existence of a Russian cruiser only detail variations I have in my book Battle of Sydney by the Aus- Agent — Mobil Oil and CIG called the Boyagra. Not one of my possession photographic evi- tralian historian. John Vader. The sources makes any mention of Mobil Oils and Fuels available dence that points conclusively to German poet/philosopher. her. I would be grateful if Mr Lee the truth of these sources. The Goethe, once said. "Those who do could forward details of this elu- exploits of those Japanese person- not understand the past are sive vessel to me nel who guided their torpedoes doomed to re-live it." For all those through the icy waters by hand is interested in the hypothesis of 262 GILL STREET With regard to the quality of Rus- no product of The Brothers repetition. I recommend the sian naval personnel in this Grimm. The incident has been well- work "It Might Happen Again" by CHARTERS TOWERS, QLD. period, there appears to be noth- documented and. when one recalls Admiral of the Fleet Lord Chatfield. ing basically wrong with the inhe- Phone: 388 — Res. 718 details of the Japanese warrior- rent fighting ability of the average code of Bushido. is entirely feas- Mr Lee. quite rightly, pointed out rating. ible. A horrible but logical exten- once again the inaccuracy con- sion of this code resulted in the tained in the caption of the photo- He appears to have been a rather Kamikaze and Ohka piloted bomb graph on Page 9. I have taken steps suicidal air attacks which hardy soul subjected as he was to to ensure that such a plethora of foul living conditions on badly ROBIN HOOD INN bedevilled the American Navy errors does not recur. during the invasion of Okinawa in equipped ships and to extremely BLACKTOWN, N.S.W. 1945 harsh discipline meted out by Various well-recognised naval his- officers of sometimes question- (Popular Mine Host, JOHN LAZANAS) torians such as Oscar Parkes. Fred able .ability, although there were I cannot recall having read any Jane and Richard Hough are in several notable exceptions documents or books written by reasonable accord on the subject amongst the officer corps. The international it Icy Cold Tooths Beer at Its Best Reginald Hargraves. Neither the of the Russian anti-torpedo nets Encyclopaedia Bntannica or used by the vessels at Port Arthur. wire rope— it Popular Snack Bar The life-style of these mostly illi- Chambers Encyclopaedia men- They were apparently adequate terate sailors was in marked con- tion this man. However Fred T. when assessed by the standards of trast to that led by their officers: now made in Phone: 622-0205 Jane states that Japanese net- the day: these same authors admit who were, in the main, of aristo- cutters appear to v/ork reasonably to penetration of those nets by cratic birth. The quality of rations, well and Oscar Parkes states that Japanese torpedoes with varying Australia. for example, varied accordingly Japanese net-cutters were of the degrees of success. Faith in the effi- and the vast social gulf endemic to "scissors'' variety. cacy of anti-torpedo net defences Russian naval vessels, created gradually declined to the point monumental problems of disci- Blue Strand where, as Mr Lee has stated, the FLY AROUND THE WORLD FOR I will answer Mr Jones' last two pline and crew control points in reverse order. Purely for British finally abandoned this cum- ONLY $727.10 bersome system in 1915. Industries the purposes of this reply I say Therefore it can be seen that, (On regular international airlines) that the Japanese attack on Port individual ship's commanders' Arthur was repeating nothing. I am grateful to Mr Lee for personal qualities not withstand- Pty. Ltd. Single air ticket to London only $435.00 However I thought I had made it reminding me of the capture of ing. the basic team spirit on which perfectly obvious that their attack Chemulpo by Togo's forces. It did a warship's very survival Sales Office and Manufacturing and Howard Smith Travel Centres on Pearl Harbour in 1941 was vir- not occur to me to mention this in depended was oft-times com- Wire Rope Store: Head Office: tually a repeat performance, com- my article pletely lacking and she was there- Sydney: 269 George Streel — 27 5611 RMteurn* 52? Collins plete with similar, behind the 15 Cosgrove Road, Badgally Road, Street - 62-3711: Port Adelaide: 3 Todd Street - 47-3922: fore practically useless as a cohe- Enfield, N.S.W. 2136 Campbelltown, N.S.W. 2560 Franwnte: I Mouatl Street - 35 6133 Newcastle: 16 Watl Street scenes, high level diplomatic As a matter of principle. I treat sive fighting unit. -2-47tl;C4rm: 18 Abbot Street - 25115* Phone: 6428344 Phone: 2 2381 wrangling. I cannot enlarge upon with a good deal of suspicion Rus- that statement. sian accounts of their activities in GALATEA May/June/July THE NAVY Page Fifty-one Page Fifty THE NAVY May/Jun«/i i ioimthe Electrical Installations MJS1rRALIA Miiuc u El CMIP S if you are between the agas of !$ ami 18 f*n Pty. Limited The Australian Sea Cadet Corps is a confirm they are capable of carrying sporting activities and other varied voluntary organisation administered out the normal duties and activities of subjects. bv the Commonwealth Naval Board the Cadet Corps. If injured while on Instructional camps are arranged for duty, Cadets are considered for and The Navy League of Australia. Sea Cadets in Naval Establishments, payment of compensation. and they are also given opportunities, The aim of the Australian Sea Cadet Parades are held on Saturday whenever possible, to undertake Specialists in all classes of electrical ship repairs, motor and dynamo Corps is to provide for the spiritual, afternoons and certain Units hold an training at sea in ships of the Royal repairs, installation of light and power, radar and instrument wiring. social and educational welfare of boys additional parade one night a week. Australian Navy. and to develop in them character, a The interesting syllabus of training Cadets, if considering a sea career, sense of patriotism, self-reliance, covers a wide sphere and includes are given every assistance to join the citizenship and discipline. seamanship, handling of boats under Royal Australian Navy, the Mercantile Uniforms are supplied free of charge. sail and power, navigation, physical Marine or the Royal Australian Naval Cadets are required to produce a training, rifle shooting, signalling, Reserve, but there is no compulsion to 6 NAPOLEON STREET SYDNEY splicing of wire and ropes, general certificate from their doctor to join these Services. Telephone: 29 5311(4 lines) For further information please contact the Divisional Senior Officer in your State, using the Form provided below. Senior Officers. Australian Sea Cadet Corps * Contractors to The Royal Australian Navy NEW SOUTH WALES: Staff Office Cadets. H.M.A.S. VICTORIA: C/- Room 6, 2nd Floor. 523 Collins St., Watson. Watsons Bay. N.S.W., 2030. Melbourne. 3000. QUEENSLAND: C/- 39 Piaecroft Street, Caaip HUI, TASMANIA: C/- 3 Winmarleigh Street. Taroona. 7006. Queensland. 4152. AUSTRAUAN CAPITAL TERRITORY: Industry House. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: C/- 182 Coode St.. Como. 6152. National Circuit, Barton, 2600. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: C/- Box 1529M, G.P.O., Adelaide. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Mrs. V. M. Slide, 12 Allen 5001. Street. Fannie Bay. 5799. Alan H. Reid (Soles) TO: The Senior Officer. Australian Sea Cadet Corps I am interested in joining the Australian Sea Cadet Corps and would be Pty. Ltd. pleased to receive further information. Engineers' Suppliers NAME. WENTWORTH STREET STREET SUBURB ' I CLYDE, N.S.W. STATE OR TERRITORY POST CODE. Suppliers ol: 0 * Chilled Iron Grit Abrasive ° Aluminium Wire General Engineering Suppliers PHONE No. AGE CONTRACTORS TO THE NAVY DEPARTMENT (Please Print Clearly) Phone: 637 4218 Please address your envelope to the Senior Officer in your State or Territory —see list of addresses above May/June/Ju May/June/JulMay/Juna/July THE NAVyY THE NAVY Pa Page Sixty THE NAVY MERCATOR SALES COMPANY QUARTERLY REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS A Division of This report is for the period 1 January to 31 March. 1972 and covers Continuous Training. Weekend Training and other activities carried out by the Naval Reserve Cadets in New South The Schlegel Manufacturing Co. (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. Wales. . Continuous training at sea was carried out in H.M.AS MELBOURNE from 16 to 23 January tor 18 members and from 24 to 27 March in H.M.A.S. SYDNEY for 30 members 565-569 HARRIS STREET, ULTIMO, N.S.W. Weekend training took place in the following H M A. Ships and Establishments: SHIP/ESTABLISHMENT DATES NO. OF PERSONNEL Phone 211-2855 H.M A S PERTH 1113 February 23 H M A S BRISBANE 18-20February H.M.A.S. BRISBANE 3- 5 March Suppliers to the Department of the Navy of:— H M A S. PENGUIN 10-12 March H M A S SYDNEY 17-19 March NEW! GOLD FORMULA AQUAMATIC" UNIVERSAL H M A S PARRAMATTA 30 March 3 April The most advanced Synthetic cutting fluid known. TheStaff Officer Reserves to the Flag Officer Commanding East Australia Area. Commander R. J. RUST. R A N . accompanied by the Senior Officer carried out inspections of pie following units A report received from the Dept. Navy shows outstanding results in all UNIT DATE machining applications. T.S. SIRIUS 19 February T S ALBATROSS 4 March Aquamatic has solved the problem of Dermatitis on the hands of Operators. T S HAWKESBURY 18 March The Deputy Senioi Officer was present at a reception for commander L E PEYTON JONES. D.S.O.. D S C.. M.B.E . R N the Overseas Secretary to the Duke of Edinburgh'/ Award Scheme held on .onday 13 March. 1972 L MACKAY-CRUISE A Satisfactory Connection The Nav> Dept. and Corfimander. R A.N R Senior Officer in Australia, and a cadet was sent Alvina. Saturday parades were held TASMANIA with the coronation contingent on board her. and Friday night around the world in HMAS Sydney. parades'were held at nearby Pater- Hamworthy Engineering In April 1972. T.S Tamar, the On the acquisition of the hulk son Barracks, the C M F Depot Launceston unit of the Australian Sea Cadet Corps, celebrates the twentieth anniversary of its entry Aust. Pty. Ltd. into the Corps. The Launceston Company of the then Navy League Sea Cadet Corps had its beginnings in November 1951 when a meeting Suppliers of... between Commander Shaw RAN • PUMPS & COMPRESSORS Phone: 6484411 (Naval Officer in Charge. Tas- * HAMWORTHY/WALLSEND MARINE & INDUSTRIAL mania). Mr 6. Cutts and Mr W COMBUSTION EQUIPMENT PHONE: 6484622 Sr'inger agreed to form the com- pany Originally it was known as T.S Launceston. Preparations and Contractors to the Nary Department recruitment went on until late in January 1952 when the unit had its first meeting in Mr Springer's * For All Enquiries. loi.nge with 35 cadets Mr Cutts MESSRS. E. PARR, C. BUDDERY became Lieutenant Cutts and Com- manding Officer and Mr Springer was 1st Lieutenant with the rank of HAMWORTHY ENGINEERING AUST. PTY. LTD. Sub-Lieutenant Parades were held at Patons & 12 Alban Street, Auburn, N.S.W. Baldwin s hall for nearly two years. In 1953 the unit was judged the best May/Juna/July THE NAVY Page Fifty-four May/June/July THE NAVY Page Fifty-five CADET CORPS NEWS Compliments lo all Nav\ Members from In 1958 an old sawmill complex was purchased by a local business club and renovated for their premises. A large space that they were unable to use was offered to AUSTRAL MINING the unit. It was upstairs, approxi- mately 40 ft. by 40 ft. and covered with rubbish and sawdust six inches deep! However, the cadets (OLD.) PTY. LTD. set to work and the space was cleaned, painted and sub-divided into stores, galley etc This was moved into on the night of our Annual Inspection by Captain Consultant Contractors and Suppliers of Tancred R.A.N All Mining and Quarrying Equipment Saturday parades were still being earned out on board Alvina. Restoration work was being carried out here also, and a 32-volt lighting plant was wired in at this time In 496 BOUNDARY ROAD January. 1958 a crew of 23 cadets under Sub-Lieutenant A. Cleaver went to Ballarat for 12 day . raising 1971 - Sailing crew patiently looking for wind. ARCHERFIELD, QLD. the money themselves Vandals had by this time turned The following Officers and Instruc- Three men also gave many years their attentions to the Alvina to such tors have served or are serving in as civilian instructors, namely Sgt an extent that finally she went to the Tamar: Daniels. Mr D. Harper and Mr N Telephone: 47 3811 breakers in 1961. In 1960 a cadet Lieutenant Commanders Cutts and Dyne was sent to the Empire Camp in New Thompson. Lieutenants Springer. T.S Tamar fully expects to get 0 0 Zealand. Also the foundations were Baker. McMeekin and Cleaver ; Sub- "the key to the door" in 73. laid for our own hall, but no funds Lieutenants Andrews. Lee and C P. ("Denotes still serving.) c were available to commence build- 0 Mason Petty Officers Barratt. (the editor is indebted to Mr A. J. ing. In 1963 the owners of the unit Richardson. Ellis. Coates. Bell. For- Lee for the preparation of this brief 0 headquarters sold out and the unit syth. Easther . Ingram. Barton. history of the Launceston Unit. 0 With Best Wishe* lo all Members from . . was forced to move Accommoda- James" and Smith . T.S. TAMAR ) tion was found temporarily in a vacant woolstore in William Street This was headquarters for approximately nine months until it was required for the wool season. The unit was temporarily homeless Peters Slip for two months, meeting at a coun- cil car park. In 1964 the unit hired the upstairs portion of the Tamar Rowing Club. This was to be home tili 1970 In 1964 and 1968 field gun teams gave displays at the Pty. Ltd. Launceston Show In 1970 the money was borrowed SHIP REPAIRERS AND OUTFITTERS to complete the first stage of the hall This comprised the main hall SLIPWAY PROPRIETORS (60 by 40 ft.), toilet block and a mess room The un May/June/July Pat* Flfty-alx THE NAVY May/Jurra/July THE NAVY Inserted by the TOBACCO LEAF MARKETING BOARD CHANGE OF ADDRESS 369 GEORGE STREET, BRISBANE LeagtTe^MustraHiL6 ,0 Sub,Cr,ber» ,0 'The N,v»" "lows of the Navy Phone: 218061 The Queensland Tobacco Leaf Industry h , ,ul 'I.T'". * P «» «he Editor and the Pott Offlc. H you would kindly complttt th. form Ranks as Ike Suit's third largest agricultural Maalry i. >al»e of t>ro*Ktio« «h' '•«>»<"•« with th. I^Z ensuring that Tha Navy" reaches you on time. ^ 7 Tear off here. Continuous research ensures leaf of the highest i]ualn> NOTICE OF CHANGE OF ADDRESS International Harvester To: The Editor, You're better dressed Co. of Australia "The Navy" magazine. dry cleaned and pressed by Pty. Ltd. Box CI78. Clarcncc Street Post Officc. Sydney. N.S.W. 2000. Australia. 1801 Ipswich Rd., Rocklea East (PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY) Mr. For the most ( oaiplete Range of Motor Tracks ia Name: Mrs. Australia Miss NU-TONE Rank TeiephoM: 47 4344 Present address: . YOUR CLOTHES' BEST FRIEND I will be moving from the above postal address on c. W. CHATER . to reside at. 1-6 REID STREET (date) 149 LAKE STREET KANGAROO POINT, QLD. New address: CAIRNS, QLD. Phone 913316 (3 Lines) Also Shields Street (please include your postcode) Maria* Plaaker aad Sheet Metal Manufacturer Imperial Hotel Building I am a "Subscriber or •Fellow of the Navy League (• delete inapplicable words) Telephone: 51-2455 All Plumbing and Sheet Metal work on ships Signature: Best Wishes to all Navy Personnel from the... Kindly Sponsored by the... ASCOT HOTEL (Vara Fuller, Lie.) COBRAM MOTEL 25 Luxury Air-conditioned Units — Delicious Meals Good Accommodation — Icy Cold Beer on Tap — Comprehensive Range ol Wines and Spirits in CALL IN Our Bottle Shop MURRAY VALLEY HIGHWAY 181 MUSGRAVE ROAD, ROCKHAMPTON, QLD. COBRAM, VIC. Telephone: 23 639 For Further Information, Phone: Cobram 633 Mention 'Tha Navy" When Calling Pag* Fifty-tight THE NAVY Itav/^MlMt May/Jurx/July THE NAVY Pag. Flfty-nh). WALKERS LIMITED ENGINEERS AND SHIPBUILDERS SEA POWER IN THE In discussing Napoleon's war and tion which, whilst normally being a MEDITERRANEAN Hitler's war. which were both very perfectly legitimate method of A history of the struggle for sea complicated. Captain Pack gives expression when used once or pos- power in the Mediterranean from accounts which could be followed by sibly twice in a story. I feel has been the seventeenth century to the readers quite unfamiliar with the carried to excess in this particular MARYBOROUGH AND MACKAY present day. facts. Such readers, if they read this instance. For example. Chapter 1 By: S. W. C. Pack. 233 pages, short book with reasonable care, begins with the actual launching of numerous photographs. will at the end be prepared to study the Great Britain but at this point the QUEENSLAND Price: $8.75. Publishers: Arthur more detailed works, such as the his- author halts, goes back, and relates Barker Ltd.. London. 1971. torical writings of Richmond and the entire circumstances of the Reviewed by: Lieutenant Com- Mahan. the collections of original ship's birth. This virtual back- mander B. R. Nield. B.A.. R.A.N.R. documents published by the Navy ground information almost takes Where Quality Counts (Retd.) Records Society, and personal nar- the form of the sub-plot and it con- Enterprise, Ability, Versatility Captain Pack, who has had years ratives such as Cunningham's tinues in this manner till the close of of service in the Mediterranean Sailor's Odyssey. Chapter 2. area and has published several This book. then, is recommended The first page of Chapter 3 states books on naval history, gives us in for historians who have not studied that this book a short history of naval naval affairs, for naval men who warfare in that area. have not studied history, and for (a) the Great Britain started her first As he shows skilfully and con- anyone who wants to know. voyage, and FOR FUTURE CONTRACTING SPECIFY . . . • • • cisely. the part played there by the (b) the fact that she ran aground on Royal Navy has been decisive, both THE SAGA OF THE the Irish coast during that voyage. in the history of Britain and in the SS GREAT BRITAIN general history of Europe. As exten- By: John O'Callaghan. 178 pages. Author O'Callaghan then devotes Falkiner Chains sive literature on this subject has 24 photographs. the next twenty-odd pages to an already been published, but much Price: $7.65. Published by: Rupert explanation of how she came to be of it would be bewildering to a Hart-Davis. London. aground in the first place. Chapter 4. which is entitled "Steam Pioneers", beginner. Naval historians often Reviewed by: Shtandardt. Book Pty. Limited write as if their readers already know deals principally with the origin and supplied by Hicks Smith & Sons progress of The Great Western the main facts: besides, the techni- Pty.. Ltd.. Sydney. Steamship Company, the firm that Who are Proud to be Associated with the calities of naval warfare have never A book of this type must embody was responsible for the building of been simple. This book provides a several qualities. First and fore- ROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVY the Great Britain. In my opinion it is clear narrative which contains most the author must ensure that this chapter which should be titled in their Works Programmes sufficient historical background his presentation of the facts is accu- Chapter 1. The story could then have to explain naval strategy. Captain rate. The overall story (which proceeded through the various Suppliers of ... Pack derives his facts from pub- embodies these facts) should be stages of her design and construc- lished material, but he writes as an assembled in such a fashion that it tion through to her "launch" by enthusiast, not as a dull compiler flows smoothly and could therefore Prince Albert, the fitting out. fol- • MOORING CHAINS AND BRIDLES — more than once, he writes in be read by both enthusiast and lowed by her maiden voyage, and For Further Information, write to: effect: "I was there." He has his dis- researcher with equal facility. On subsequent grounding. likes as for King George the Second the points of accuracy and depth of and for Sir Winston Churchill's poli- research I have absolutely no com- MR. A. ROBERTSON As it is the author has taken each tical contemporaries, and his likes, plaint. However when taken as a nar- principal event in the ship's life, FALKINER CHAINS as for Pitt the Elder and for Chur- rative this book was a disappoint- stated it as a separate entity, and chill. This partisanship., against ment to me. In fact I would go so far then proceeded to tell the story of PTY. LTD. which historical evidence can be as to say that I have seldom encoun- each of these episodes separately THYNNE ROAD, MORNINGSIDE, BRISBANE produced, is only a small part of the tered a more difficult book to read. book, and it actually adds colour to and in flashback. This results in a The author has employed the 99-1122 PHONE 99-1122 the story. very broken story, one which cannot "flashback" method of presenta- be put down and picked up with an May/June/Ju May/June/July THE NAVY Page Sixty THE NAVY power plant on exhibition at one of appears a full colour reproduction the great maritime museums in Eng- of an almost identical painting Kindly Sponsored by Your interval in between without the land: in fact movie film of this engine which clearly depicts the Graat reader referring back to several pre- was included in the recent televi- Britain as being rigged with six vious pages to pick up the thread of sion film Tha Great Iron Ship. masts, only the second of which is GOLDEN FLEECE RESTAURANT the story. square-rigged, the additional third Mr. O'Callaghan includes the story mast being fore-and-aft rigged. The AND SERVICE STATION Information on the dust jacket of the famous tug of war between the informs us that Mr O'Callaghan question obviously is why include paddle steamer Alecto and the screw- either of these paintings when, Prompt Courteous Driveway Service — Quick Service in our large delved deeply into contemporary steamer Rattier which took place on taken separately, they do not appear Restaurant with full stop amenities — Bookings accepted. sources including diaries, log books 3 January. 1845. and which proved to relate easily to the text. It should and unpublished letters, etc. The to the satisfaction of the Great truth of this statement is revealed be remembered that not all books PRINCES HIGHWAY, TRARALGON, VIC. Britain's designer. Isambard King- fall into the hands of their readers the further one reads into this book; dom Brunei, the superiority of the Telephone: 74 2765 in fact Mr O'Callaghan relies in large complete with dust jacket and there- screw over the paddle wheel. As it fore on the occasion when this Mention "The Na»y" W hen ( ailing measure on copious verbatim quota- happened, the Rattler, using a two- tions from contemporary sources occurs, the centre illustration bladed Smith propeller, won by tug- would not appear to relate to the text to bolster his narrative. This is ging Alecto astern at 2.8 knots. rather unfortunate as the precise at all — thereby remaining simply grammatical style of early Vic- just another pleasant picture in the On Page 49. the author mentions book. Kindly Sponsored By torian England is not always easily an incident which occurred during a Kindly Sponsored by comprehended by the present-day trial voyage to London, in the course I must say I was looking forward reader and it can sometimes hap- of which the Great Britain was hit by to reading this book, particularly pen that an inordinate amount of a heavy sea on the starboard bow so when its subject matter was. and time can be wasted by the reader in thereby occasioning a small degree still is. of great interest to me. DIMET attempting to place certain pas- of damage. The impact occurred at Frankly. I was disappointed. It was Preservene ages in their correct context. (A 3.20 p.m. in the afternoon of the 24 not an easy book to read as I stated good example of this would be the January. 1845. and "it is thought earlier, however. I ploughed along in Contracting word "memorial". Its meaning that the best known print of the ship vain, hoping that its style might today is obvious, however in 1840 Pty. Ltd. during this part of her life is a recon- improve. In my opinion it did not. the word was sometimes used as a struction of the 3.20 p.m. wave". In There can be no denying the fact substitute for the present-day word Pty. Ltd. the illustrated centre section of the that the author obviously went to "memorandum"). Manufacturers of Preservene Soap — book there appears a black and great lengths to ensure the authen- Advance Soap Powder — Toilet Soaps and Moreover, several passages of white reproduction of a painting ticity of its text, however I feel this Application of Anti-Corrosive Coatings Straight Eight Brilliantines text, including several of the verba- which clearly shows her being struck was accomplished at the expense of on the starboard bow by a huge Atmosphere. Marine. Chemical or Foods tim quotations, would be far more style, thereby seriously impairing its easily understood by a marine wave. However this reproduction is appeal to the less-sophisticated engineer than by the average reader. labelled "after her first refitting in reader of maritime affairs. The unique nature of the Great 1846" and clearly depicts the Great Britain with five masts, two of which Britain's power plant is worthy of As it is. to the best of my know- 59 STAWELL STREET are square-rigged, including that mention — no illustrations of her ledge. the only definitive work on immediately abaft the funnel. I am engines appear in the book. Whilst it this subject to appear so far. it puzzled by the inclusion in the book RICHMOND,VIC. is quite feasible to assume that no would be a boon to the dedicated CAWLEY ROAD of this black and white reproduc- actual photographs of the original researcher To others less well- tion. particularly when I note that engines exist, there happens to be a endowed with perseverance. I feel it BROOKLYN, VIC. on the dust jacket of the book there Telephone: 42 4251 functioning model of this same could be a burden. Telephone: 314 0255 Kindly Sponsored by. kindlv Sponsored h\ . . AHEARN MAIN & STOTT BRIGHTON SAVOY MOTEL Pty. Ltd. 150 THE ESPLANADE, MIDDLE BRIGHTON, VIC. For Reservations Please Phone 92-8233 Stainless Steel Kitchen Equipment Manufacturers DINNER DANCES CONVENTIONS 14 GARFIELD STREET, RICHMOND, VIC. WEDDINGS A SPECIALITY EXCELLENT ACCOMMODATION Telephone: 421239 Mention this Journal «hen calling May/June/July THE NAVY Pag* Slxty-Um* Page Sixty-two THE NAVY May/JunV. BOOK REVIEWS the biographies of past units in the produced, are very competitively Australian Fleet which took part priced and represent excellent H.M.A.S. HOBART m both the First and Second World value for money By L. J. Lind & M. A. Payne. 76 Wars These are books which A couple of points to interest the pages. Price: SI.50. should appeal to anyone possess actual titles on the covers of each Published by The Naval Historical mg even a passing interest in Aus- book are executed in a style very Society of Australia tralia's naval heritage, and. with similar to that of a ship's cap-tally: H.M.A.S. SYDNEY the exception of H.M.A.S SyS.:ey, an original idea and one which By Vice-Admiral Sir John Collins, are stories which have not been lends to each book a certain air of K.B.E., C.B. 66 pages Price $1.50. told before authenticity The cover of the Published by The Naval Historical My own appetite was further book dealing with H M A S Sydney Society of Australia whetted when I noted from the fly- is enhanced by one of the best N CLASS leaf that further biographies photographs of the ship that I (The story of H M A Ships would include such juicy items as have ever seen taken as it is. off Napier. Nizam. Nestor. Norman stories of H.M.A.S Shropshire of her starboard bow m a moderate and Nepal.) World Wat II fame and that of the seaway Another point worth not- By L. J. Lind & M. A. Payne. 157 World War I battle cruiser. H.M A S. ing is that the Sydney and N Class pages Price $3.00. Australia. biographies are individually num- bered editions, a fact which will un- Published by the Naval Historical I have nothing but unstinted doubtedly enhance their value in Society of Australia. praise for these volumes which are the years to come Reviewed by: Galatea written in a clear, exciting and Each of these three soft-covered easy to follow style and which To sum up I can only say get out volumes only recently came into include many good photographs and buy them They are a worth- my possession. They are appa Each volume is equipped with con- while addition to any naval enthu- rently the progenitors of a series cise technical details of the ships siast s bookshelves and represent of books dealing exclusively with concerned These books are well stories that long needed to be told | Support our Advertisers Best Wishes to all Members of H.M.A.S. Cerberus ... DES FIDLER It's got everything! 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BP 209 INDIA: Calcutta. 23 9571: Bombay. 53 4744 CEYLON: Colombo 9206 SINGAPORE, 36 »78. INDONESIA: Diakarta. 5 0607 TERRITORY OF NEW GUINEA 1 PAPUA: Pi Moresby. 5216. Lae. 2232: Rabaul. 2876 -