DOCSLIB.ORG

Alvarez Dissertation Done

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Alvarez Dissertation Done UC Santa Cruz UC Santa Cruz Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Intercultural Sovereignty: The Theory and Practice of Indigenous Social Movements Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1zq3r3rf Author Alvarez, Sandra Cristina Publication Date 2012 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ INTERCULTURAL SOVEREIGNTY: THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF INDIGENOUS SOCIAL MOVEMENTS A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in POLITICS with emphases in FEMINIST STUDIES and LATIN AMERICAN AND LATINO STUDIES by Sandra Cristina Alvarez December 2012 The Dissertation of Sandra Cristina Alvarez is approved: _________________________________ Professor Rosa-Linda Fregoso, Co-Chair _________________________________ Professor Hector Perla Jr., Co-Chair _________________________________ Professor Kent Eaton _________________________________ Professor Angela Y. Davis _______________________________ Tyrus Miller Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies Copyright © by Sandra C. Alvarez 2012 Table of Contents Abstract......................................................................................................................... v Dedication and Acknowledgements ........................................................................... vii Introduction................................................................................................................... 1 What do indigenous peoples confront when addressing questions of sovereignty?12 Modernity and coloniality....................................................................................... 24 Interculturality as decolonial option ................................................................... 34 Building intercultural sovereignty .......................................................................... 37 Paradox of indigenous sovereignty......................................................................... 49 Interculturality as methodological/epistemic pproach............................................ 51 Overview................................................................................................................. 56 Chapter 1: De/colonizing Research ............................................................................ 60 “Colonization in action in eastern Colombia” ........................................................ 66 Resistance: From silence to interculturality............................................................ 80 Research and U’wa resistance: From objects to subjects of research..................... 87 Circumstances of their relationship .................................................................... 93 Research crossing borders ................................................................................ 102 Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 107 Chapter 2: Theorizing Rights with Indigenous Peoples of the Americas Through the Practice of Education ................................................................................................ 110 Layers of human rights ......................................................................................... 115 Liberal humanist framings of human rights...................................................... 116 Latin American tradition................................................................................... 119 Indigenous approaches to human rights............................................................ 121 Intercultural resonances between north and south............................................ 125 Education as a building block of sovereignty: From the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples to daily practices ........................................ 131 National context for ethnoeducation................................................................. 136 Before the U’wa ethnoeducation project .......................................................... 139 “Wings to Fly”: Embodied decolonization through education......................... 142 Kajkrasa Ruyina: Proyecto Etnoeducativo del Pueblo U’wa ........................... 148 iii Conclusion: Building sovereignty through education .......................................... 152 Chapter 3: Acompañamiento .................................................................................... 155 Campaigns and transnational advocacy networks ................................................ 160 Accompaniment as intercultural strategy ............................................................. 166 The identity formation of the U’wa Defense Project and Mujer U’wa ................ 171 The formation of the U’wa Defense Project..................................................... 172 The formation of Mujer U’wa .......................................................................... 179 Practices of acompañamiento ............................................................................... 184 Conclusion: Acompañamiento from the past to the future ................................... 188 Conclusions............................................................................................................... 191 Appendix: List of Acronyms .................................................................................... 201 Bibliography ............................................................................................................. 202 iv Abstract Intercultural Sovereignty: The Theory and Practice of Indigenous Movements Sandra Cristina Alvarez In 2006 the U’wa people of northeastern Colombia rejected the government’s consultation process relative to the planned exploration and exploitation of petroleum located under U’wa ancestral lands because, in their view, the government had no right to the subsoil in the first place. The U’wa claimed sovereignty over the land and subsoil to reject the Colombian state’s desire to exploit petroleum for profit. This raises an interesting paradox: how can an indigenous pueblo call for sovereignty from within the jurisdiction of a state? Beyond that, what are the stakes of indigenous sovereignty to global arrangements of power and resource distribution? This dissertation examines U’wa efforts to resist cultural and physical extinction within a context of globalization and on-going civil conflict. What can we learn from this resistance—its persistence, its forms and methods, and its successes and failures? To both pose and answer this and related questions, I draw conceptual and analytical tools from the modernity/coloniality (M/C) research program to develop an intercultural approach that is grounded in the transnational networks that partner with the U’wa struggle. My multi-sited field research includes archival research and participation in organizing processes, interviews, and discussion groups. I argue that intercultural sovereignty, a concept that builds on indigenous conceptualizations of sovereignty, helps make visible how marginalized and colonized peoples move beyond the traditional notion of sovereignty to build self- v determination. My research finds that the U’wa build intercultural sovereignty through their relationships of collaboration with outsiders, through the mobilization and redefinition of an international discourse of rights and in cross-border social movement partnerships. This research contributes to academic and activist debates by adopting a decolonial approach that makes visible marginalized knowledges and practices in terms of sovereignty and human rights. Rather than engage a critique of sovereignty internal to Eurocentric modernity, I argue that it would be productive for Political Science to engage with indigenous concepts of sovereignty to address the history and consequences of colonialism and recognize different relations to land. Finally, the long-standing transnational partnerships engaged by the U’wa offer a different, complementary metric for measuring success in transnational advocacy networks. vi Dedication and Acknowledgements I dedicate this dissertation to the memories of the luchadoras y luchadores that have come before us. To my grandparents whose dreams of education have sustained me throughout a life of learning inside and outside of academia. To my parents who kept those dreams alive and taught me to work hard for what I believe in. To the U’wa whose daily struggles have much to teach and contribute towards conceptualizing a politics of life that recognizes our interconnections with each other and the earth. To Ingrid Washinawatok, Lahe’ena’e Gay, and Terence Freitas whose vision and lifework charted paths for many of us to follow. To Piedad Morales, whose laughter and poetry still rings in my ears. And to our future generations that need us to protect the earth for them, especially Noemi, Sofía, Daniel, Marcelo, Lucas, Andrés, Elizabeth, Rocío, Lucía, Juliana and in Colombia little Ingrid Washinawatok Tegria Cristancho. Multiple people, institutions, and on-going conversations made this research possible. I first thank my committee co-chairs Rosa Linda Fregoso and Hector Perla for believing in my project and pushing me to make my writing legible to multiple audiences. Their respective work on human rights and social movements has greatly enriched my own. Kent Eaton helped me make clearer arguments and supported the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Position of Indigenous Peoples in the Management of Tropical Forests
    THE POSITION OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TROPICAL FORESTS Gerard A. Persoon Tessa Minter Barbara Slee Clara van der Hammen Tropenbos International Wageningen, the Netherlands 2004 Gerard A. Persoon, Tessa Minter, Barbara Slee and Clara van der Hammen The Position of Indigenous Peoples in the Management of Tropical Forests (Tropenbos Series 23) Cover: Baduy (West-Java) planting rice ISBN 90-5113-073-2 ISSN 1383-6811 © 2004 Tropenbos International The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Tropenbos International. No part of this publication, apart from bibliographic data and brief quotations in critical reviews, may be reproduced, re-recorded or published in any form including print photocopy, microfilm, and electromagnetic record without prior written permission. Photos: Gerard A. Persoon (cover and Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7), Carlos Rodríguez and Clara van der Hammen (Chapter 5) and Barbara Slee (Chapter 6) Layout: Blanca Méndez CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 1. INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND NATURAL RESOURCE 3 MANAGEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL POLICY GUIDELINES 1.1 The International Labour Organization 3 1.1.1 Definitions 4 1.1.2 Indigenous peoples’ position in relation to natural resource 5 management 1.1.3 Resettlement 5 1.1.4 Free and prior informed consent 5 1.2 World Bank 6 1.2.1 Definitions 7 1.2.2 Indigenous Peoples’ position in relation to natural resource 7 management 1.2.3 Indigenous Peoples’ Development Plan and resettlement 8 1.3 UN Draft Declaration on the
    [Show full text]
  • MICROCOMP Output File
    S. HRG. 106±299 CRISIS IN COLOMBIA: U.S. SUPPORT FOR PEACE PROCESS AND ANTI-DRUG EFFORTS HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED SIXTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION OCTOBER 6, 1999 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Relations ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 61±871 CC WASHINGTON : 2000 VerDate 11-SEP-98 14:14 Mar 24, 2000 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 61871 SFRELA1 PsN: SFRELA1 COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS JESSE HELMS, North Carolina, Chairman RICHARD G. LUGAR, Indiana JOSEPH R. BIDEN, JR., Delaware PAUL COVERDELL, Georgia PAUL S. SARBANES, Maryland CHUCK HAGEL, Nebraska CHRISTOPHER J. DODD, Connecticut GORDON H. SMITH, Oregon JOHN F. KERRY, Massachusetts ROD GRAMS, Minnesota RUSSELL D. FEINGOLD, Wisconsin SAM BROWNBACK, Kansas PAUL D. WELLSTONE, Minnesota CRAIG THOMAS, Wyoming BARBARA BOXER, California JOHN ASHCROFT, Missouri ROBERT G. TORRICELLI, New Jersey BILL FRIST, Tennessee STEPHEN E. BIEGUN, Staff Director EDWIN K. HALL, Minority Staff Director (II) VerDate 11-SEP-98 14:14 Mar 24, 2000 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 61871 SFRELA1 PsN: SFRELA1 CONTENTS Page Coverdell, Hon. Paul, U.S. Senator from Georgia, Chairman, Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere, Peace Corps, Narcotics, and Terrorism, Foreign Relations Committee ............................................................................................ 2 DeWine, Hon. Mike, U.S. Senator from Ohio ........................................................ 8 Prepared statement of ...................................................................................... 9 McCaffrey, Hon. Barry, Director, Office of National Drug Control Policy .......... 14 Prepared statement of ...................................................................................... 18 Responses to additional questions for the record from Senator Coverdell .
    [Show full text]
  • Americas Overview
    AMERICAS 91 OVERVIEW Human Rights Developments dence that the country’s armed forces contin- Contrasts marked the year in the Ameri- ued to be implicated in human rights violations cas. The already dire situation in Colombia as well as in support for the paramilitary deteriorated further, and the deep political groups responsible for the majority of serious and institutional crisis in Peru continued to abuses. Troops attacked indiscriminately and make broad respect for human rights but a killed civilians, among them six elementary distant goal. On the other hand, in Mexico, school children on a field trip near Pueblo where presidential elections in July heralded Rico, Antioquia, on August 15. According to the first change of party in the presidential witnesses, soldiers fired on the group for forty mansion in more than seventy years, hopes minutes. grew that the new president would undertake The character of the conflict changed much-needed human rights reforms. A coup with the entry of the United States as a major in Ecuador and a failed coup attempt in investor, providing an infusion of U.S. $1.3 Paraguay reminded the region of the fragility billion of mostly military aid for the govern- of democracy. Meanwhile, Chile moved for- ment. The package included seven rigorous ward in its attempt to prosecute former human rights conditions, including the need dictator Augusto Pinochet, and an Argentine for the Colombian armed forces to demon- judge requested his extradition to face crimi- strate a break with the paramilitaries. The U.S. nal charges for the 1974 Buenos Aires car- secretary of state certified that Colombia had bombing of former Chilean army commander- met only one of the conditions, related to in-chief general Carlos Prats and his wife.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Law to the Global Market: the Campaign of the U'wa Indigenous People in Colombia (1995-2010)
    From the Law to the Global Market: The Campaign of the U'wa Indigenous People in Colombia (1995-2010) By Pablo Rueda A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Jurisprudence and Social Policy in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Calvin Morrill Co-Chair Professor Malcolm M. Feeley Co-Chair Professor Martin M. Shapiro Professor Laura Nader Spring 2012 Abstract From the Law to the Global Market: The Campaign of the U'wa Indigenous People in Colombia (1995-2010) by Pablo Rueda Doctor of Philosophy in Jurisprudence and Social Policy University of California, Berkeley Professors Calvin Morrill Chair and Malcolm M. Feeley, Chairs This dissertation uses the campaign of Colombia’s U’wa indigenous people against oil extraction in their land as a case study to understand the impact of the state, the law and the market over the tactics and scale of social movements. It studies how the campaign shifted away from litigation, expanded its scale transnationally and started using the tools available in the global market economy to prevent oil exploration in the U’wa land. The dissertation suggests the need to understand social movement tactics as a complex, multidimensional phenomenon in order to capture the relation between activism and multiple institutions. Finally, it also provides a framework to understand the relation between different tactics and institutions that helps to explain the roles of economic, political, and legal factors in providing the resources and opportunities for tactical innovation and transnational activism.
    [Show full text]
  • Working Paper Series Paper No
    DANTE B. FASCELL NORTH-SOUTH CENTER WORKING PAPER NUMBER FOURTEEN 1 The Dante B. Fascell North-South Center Working Paper Series Paper No. 14 March 2003 Was Failure Avoidable? Learning From Colombia’s 1998-2002 Peace Process Adam Isacson http://www.miami.edu/nsc/publications/NSCPublicationsIndex.html#WP The Dante B. Fascell North South Center UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI DANTE B. FASCELL NORTH-SOUTH CENTER WORKING PAPER NUMBER FOURTEEN 2 The following is a Working Paper of The Dante B. Fascell North-South Center at the University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida. As this paper is a work-in-progress, the author(s) and the North-South Center wel- come comments and critiques from colleagues and students of security studies, environmental issues, and civil society participation. Comments may be e-mailed to the series editor, Jeffrey Stark, at [email protected]. © 2003 All North-South Center Working Papers are protected by copyright. Published by the University of Miami North-South Center. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Conventions. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author(s), not The Dante B. Fascell North-South Center, which is a nonpartisan public policy and research institution. Inquiries and submissions to the North-South Center Working Papers Series may be sent to Jeffrey Stark, Director of Research and Studies, via e-mail attachment to [email protected], including author’s name, title, affiliation, and e-mail address. ISBN 1-57454-138-2 March 2003 DANTE B. FASCELL NORTH-SOUTH CENTER WORKING PAPER NUMBER FOURTEEN 3 WAS FAILURE AVOIDABLE? LEARNING FROM COLOMBIA’S 1998-2002 PEACE PROCESS Adam Isacson A Bitter End olombians had never seen President Andrés Pastrana as angry or as dejected as he appeared on television C the night of Wednesday, February 20, 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • Directorio De Traductores E Interpretes
    DIRECCIÓN DE POBLACIONES Traductores e Intérpretes de lenguas nativas No Apellidos Nombres Lengua Teléfonos Correo electrónico LUGAR DE RESIDENCIA 3142128509 1 Ruiz Jose del Carmen Achagua [email protected] Puerto Gaitán, Meta 3134856006 1 Martinez Ramon Achagua 3142786590 [email protected] 2 Andoque Adán Andoque 3143298079 La Chorrera, Amazonas 2 Andoke Eli/ Iris Andoque 320 3303731 [email protected] 3 Torres Adriano Tomás Arhuaco 3183258830 [email protected] Bogotá D.C. 3 Torres Noel Arhuaco 3157592783 3 Chaparro Miguel Angel Arhuaco 3153747221 [email protected] Bogotá D.C. 3 Torres Ana Arhuaco 316 2368511 [email protected] 4 Ortiz Oscar Awá 3117899773 [email protected] Pasto, Nariño 4 Tengana Martin Efrain Awá 3155818019 4 Ortiz Oscar Awá 3117899773 [email protected] 5 Londoño Mario Bará 312 7674311 [email protected] 6 Rodriguez Jhonier Barasano [email protected] 7 Oriara Orocora Jaime Undara Barí 310 7996167 Tibú, Norte de Santander 7 Abeidora Laura Barí 3115191001 [email protected] Tibú, Norte de Santander 7 Eliseth Amacumashara Barí 3212199766 amacubara-centro28 @hotmail.com Tibú, Norte de Santander 8 Bosco Gonzalés Juan Bora [email protected] La Chorrera, Amazonas 8 Teteye Juan Benito Bora 3127023036 [email protected] La Chorrera, Amazonas 8 Teteye Alejandro Bora 310 8631124 9 Sanchez Pablo CABIYARI 385253603 Compartel Buenos Aires 10 Sanchéz Germán Miguel Carapana 3115765385 [email protected] Mitú, Vaupés 10 Vargas Angie Carapana 320 9717045 11 Carijona
    [Show full text]
  • Las Vicisitudes De La Enseñanza De Lenguas En Colombia
    Diálogos Latinoamericanos 15, 2009 Las vicisitudes de la enseñanza de lenguas en Colombia Sergio Torres-Martínez1 Caught in the turmoil of our troubled educational system, foreign language teaching in Colombia struggles to find its way into modernity despite extensive learning consumerism. Considered one of the linchpins of the country’s cultural homologation in the international community, language teaching discourse remains aloft in its technocratic bubble eager to meet foreign standards. The present article seeks to present an overview of our educational scenario from a socio- cultural perspective, unveiling the political agenda behind language teaching policies, taken over by a neoliberal ideology that disregards the vexing truth: In Colombia, education is far from being considered an asset for people’s progress. Keywords: Foreign language teaching – education – linguistic policies – bilingualism – cultural homologation – globalisation. 1. Introducción Si bien el centro de reflexión del presente artículo es la enseñanza de las lenguas extranjeras en nuestro país, considero necesario hacer una aclaración preliminar: no es posible hablar de enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras en Colombia sin indagar en el trasegar de nuestra educación como metáfora formativa civilizadora y, a la vez, como un escenario más de las paradojas que caracterizan a los pueblos de América Latina. En efecto, la noción de educación en Colombia está atravesada por el conflicto entre lo jurídico y lo operativo enmarcado en un orden político-legal que se esfuerza por ser consecuente con los estándares internacionales pero que carece de los medios (¿o de la imaginación?) para operar un cambio real. Un conflicto que dilata con discusiones teóricas la acción hacia el mejoramiento de la calidad de la educación maquillando los verdaderos resultados con indicadores como la cobertura (escolarización= retención) o el aumento del número de estudiantes (uso del espacio= cupos escolares).
    [Show full text]
  • Herederos Del Jaguar Y La Anaconda Nina S
    Herederos del jaguar y la anaconda Nina S. de Friedemann, Jaime Arocha Contenido SEPULCROS HISTÓRICOS Y CRÓNICAS DE CONQUISTA ...................................................... 3 PREFACIO ....................................................................................................................................... 25 PRÓLOGO A LA EDICIÓN DE 1982 ............................................................................................. 30 1. DEL JAGUAR Y LA ANACONDA ............................................................................................ 35 2. GUAHÍBOS: maestros de la supervivencia .................................................................................. 60 3. AMAZÓNICOS: gente de ceniza, anaconda y trueno .................................................................. 86 4. SIBUNDOYES E INGAS: sabios en medicina y botánica ......................................................... 120 5. CAUCA INDIO: guerreros y adalides de paz ............................................................................. 152 6. EMBERAES: escultores de espíritus .......................................................................................... 184 7. CUNAS: parlamentarios y poetas ............................................................................................... 208 8. COGUIS: guardianes del mundo ................................................................................................. 232 9. GUAJIROS: amos de la arrogancia y del cacto .........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title From the Law to the Market: the Campaign of the U'wa Indigenous People in Colombia (1995-2010) Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2cx6d6qs Author Rueda, Pablo Publication Date 2012 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California From the Law to the Global Market: The Campaign of the U'wa Indigenous People in Colombia (1995-2010) By Pablo Rueda A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Jurisprudence and Social Policy in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Calvin Morrill Co-Chair Professor Malcolm M. Feeley Co-Chair Professor Martin M. Shapiro Professor Laura Nader Spring 2012 Abstract From the Law to the Global Market: The Campaign of the U'wa Indigenous People in Colombia (1995-2010) by Pablo Rueda Doctor of Philosophy in Jurisprudence and Social Policy University of California, Berkeley Professors Calvin Morrill Chair and Malcolm M. Feeley, Chairs This dissertation uses the campaign of Colombia’s U’wa indigenous people against oil extraction in their land as a case study to understand the impact of the state, the law and the market over the tactics and scale of social movements. It studies how the campaign shifted away from litigation, expanded its scale transnationally and started using the tools available in the global market economy to prevent oil exploration in the U’wa land. The dissertation suggests the need to understand social movement tactics as a complex, multidimensional phenomenon in order to capture the relation between activism and multiple institutions.
    [Show full text]
  • 55755367007.Pdf
    Boletín de Antropología ISSN: 0120-2510 Universidad de Antioquia Cabrera Becerra, Gabriel Un siglo de fotografías del Alto río Negro, Vaupés, Colombia, 1865-1965* Boletín de Antropología, vol. 33, núm. 55, 2018, Enero-Junio, pp. 151-190 Universidad de Antioquia DOI: 10.17533/udea.boan.v33n55a08 Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=55755367007 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Redalyc Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Un siglo de fotografías del Alto río Negro, Vaupés, 1865-1965 Gabriel Cabrera Becerra Profesor Asistente del Departamento de Historia Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Medellín, Colombia) Dirección electrónica: [email protected] Cabrera Becerra, Gabriel (2018). “Un siglo de fotografías del Alto río Negro, Vaupés, 1865-1965”. En: Boletín de Antropología. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, vol. 33, N.º 55, pp. 151-190. DOI: 10.17533/udea.boan.v33n55a08 Texto recibido: 14/02/2017; aprobación final: 05/07/2017 Resumen. Pese a la marginalidad de la región fronteriza del Alto río Negro, Vaupés, entre Colombia y Brasil, la fotografía de la zona es numerosa. En este texto se ofrece un inventario preliminar y un contexto de quienes hicieron fotografías entre 1865 y 1965; se ilustran las temáticas que aquellas muestran y se señalan los desafíos que siguen para adelantar su análisis. Palabras clave: fotografía, Amazonía, noroeste amazónico, indígenas, Alto río Negro, Vaupés. A Century of Photographs of the Upper Negro River (Vaupes), 1865-1965 Abstract.
    [Show full text]
  • Política De Protección a La Diversidad Etnolingüística
    POLÍTICA DE PROTECCIÓN A LA DIVERSIDAD ETNOLINGÜÍSTICA A principios de 2008, el Ministerio de Cultura se responsabiliza de una nueva Es necesario manifestar que la misión: crear y desarrollar una política de protección de las lenguas de los grupos cultura para nuestras comunidades étnicos presentes en el territorio colombiano. Esta misión nace de la voluntad de es una realidad integral, no atender un objeto cultural específico: las lenguas o idiomas de los grupos étnicos, posible de disgregar por sectores o objeto particularmente importante, tanto para el desarrollo de una política de manifestaciones, pues la cultura atención a la cultura de las comunidades étnicas como para el desarrollo de una hace parte de la cosmovisión, del política de atención al patrimonio inmaterial del país. La necesidad de esta políti- modo de vida y visión de desarrollo ca nace pues en el cruce de dos políticas fundamentales del Ministerio: espiritual, social y organizativo de los pueblos. En este sentido, las • La política de valoración de la diversidad cultural de Colombia. políticas, acciones, programas a concertarse deben tener en cuenta • La política de rescate de su patrimonio. este presupuesto, y manejarse bajo un criterio de integralidad y con Por sus características propias, su enorme complejidad y su papel eminente enfoque o perspectiva diferencial. dentro de la cultura y la identidad de un pueblo, las lenguas ameritan un trata- Pueblos indígenas. miento específico y es la conciencia de la necesidad de una atención particular Autoridad nacional de gobierno a esta realidad la que mueve al Ministerio a la construcción de una política fo- indigena de la ONIC calizada hacia la protección de lenguas.
    [Show full text]
  • Colombia Curriculum Guide 090916.Pmd
    National Geographic describes Colombia as South America’s sleeping giant, awakening to its vast potential. “The Door of the Americas” offers guests a cornucopia of natural wonders alongside sleepy, authentic villages and vibrant, progressive cities. The diverse, tropical country of Colombia is a place where tourism is now booming, and the turmoil and unrest of guerrilla conflict are yesterday’s news. Today tourists find themselves in what seems to be the best of all destinations... panoramic beaches, jungle hiking trails, breathtaking volcanoes and waterfalls, deserts, adventure sports, unmatched flora and fauna, centuries old indigenous cultures, and an almost daily celebration of food, fashion and festivals. The warm temperatures of the lowlands contrast with the cool of the highlands and the freezing nights of the upper Andes. Colombia is as rich in both nature and natural resources as any place in the world. It passionately protects its unmatched wildlife, while warmly sharing its coffee, its emeralds, and its happiness with the world. It boasts as many animal species as any country on Earth, hosting more than 1,889 species of birds, 763 species of amphibians, 479 species of mammals, 571 species of reptiles, 3,533 species of fish, and a mind-blowing 30,436 species of plants. Yet Colombia is so much more than jaguars, sombreros and the legend of El Dorado. A TIME magazine cover story properly noted “The Colombian Comeback” by explaining its rise “from nearly failed state to emerging global player in less than a decade.” It is respected as “The Fashion Capital of Latin America,” “The Salsa Capital of the World,” the host of the world’s largest theater festival and the home of the world’s second largest carnival.
    [Show full text]