International Roaming BEREC Benchmark Data Report October 2015 – March 2016

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23 September 2016 BoR (16) 160

Table of Contents

1. Introduction ...... 3 2. Regulatory evolution ...... 4 3. Data collection methodology ...... 6 4. Main findings ...... 8 5. Charts ...... 12 5.1. Voice roaming services ...... 13 5.1.1. Retail prices ...... 13 5.1.2. Surcharge for roaming voice calls made ...... 20 5.1.3. Wholesale prices ...... 23 5.1.4. Surcharge for wholesale voice calls ...... 27 5.1.5. Percentage of alternative tariffs on total volumes for calls made/received .. 30 5.1.6. Volumes of retail roaming voice calls ...... 33 5.1.7. Retail and wholesale prices - outside EEA ...... 38 5.2. SMS roaming services ...... 44 5.2.1. Retail prices ...... 44 5.2.2. Wholesale prices ...... 48 5.2.3. Percentage of SMS from alternative tariffs on total roaming SMS messages52 5.2.4. Volumes of retail roaming SMS ...... 54 5.3. Data roaming services ...... 57 5.3.1. Retail prices ...... 57 5.3.2. Wholesale prices ...... 61 5.3.3. Percentage of volumes of data from alternative tariffs over total data roaming volumes...... 65 5.3.4. Volumes of retail data services ...... 67 5.4. Wholesale roaming (outbound): Agreements applying Article 3 of the Roaming Regulation ...... 70

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1. Introduction

This BEREC Benchmark Report on International Roaming (the “Report”) presents the results of the 17th round of data collection on European international roaming services undertaken by the Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC). The Report covers the period 1 October 2015 - 31 March 2016, i.e. the 4th quarter of 2015 and the 1st quarter of 2016. The Report also includes data from previous rounds of data collection conducted by BEREC and its predecessor, the European Regulators Group (ERG), to provide context for the current figures. The earliest data is from the 2nd quarter of 2007, when the Roaming Regulation was about to enter into force.

The applicable regulatory framework for this data collection is the Roaming Regulation (EU) No 531/2012 (Third Roaming Regulation) applied in the European Union (EU) and the EEA EFTA countries1, with requirements for retail and wholesale regulated tariffs for voice, SMS and data roaming. The Regulation also included provisions on the separate sale of roaming services. In addition, Switzerland contributed to the data collections, although the 2007, 2009 and 2012 Roaming Regulation is not applicable there2.

BEREC is required to regularly collect data from national regulatory authorities on the development of retail and wholesale charges for voice, SMS and data roaming services and to notify this data to the Commission under Article 19, paragraph 4 of the Roaming Regulation.

BEREC believes that the information collected in existing and subsequent reports provides a sound basis for any decisions regarding future regulation. In addition, BEREC considers it important to collect and publish a wider range of information in order to give a better picture of the effect of the EU Roaming Regulation and to present the evolution of roaming services.

While the monitoring obligations are addressed to individual NRAs, BEREC considers that by pursuing the following objectives it can add value through:

 simplifying the process, not only for NRAs as BEREC acts as a central point for the data collection, but also for the Commission, as the data is received from a single source and following data processing;

 coordinating the actions of individual NRAs, as the data collection exercise uses a single and commonly agreed data collection model, and the process is synchronised and based on the same collection periods. BEREC consults the market players and the Commission before finalising the data collection templates;

 providing, as far as possible, a common response to the different questions posed during the collection process by operators and NRAs, as BEREC serves as the forum where these questions are commonly debated and addressed.

1 For the purposes of this Report, ‘EEA EFTA’ (European Economic Area, European Free Trade Association) refers to Liechtenstein, Norway and Iceland. 2 Figures from Switzerland are excluded from both “EEA” and “EEA EFTA” averages.

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2. Regulatory evolution

The ERG initially worked on the long-standing issue of high prices for international roaming services. Following its creation in January 2010, BEREC took over responsibility for this work from ERG.

The 2007 Regulation

In 2005, ERG undertook a study on international roaming that concluded that the EC Regulatory Framework did not provide the necessary tool-kit for NRAs to tackle the problems identified. The ERG called upon the Commission in December 2005 highlighting its concerns.

After significant debate, the first Regulation on international roaming services was published on 29 June 2007. The primary provisions capped wholesale and retail charges for voice calls under the ‘Eurotariffs’ and set a number of transparency provisions to help to ensure that consumers were well informed. The provisions of the Regulation entered into force at different times, with retail and transparency provisions taking full effect by the end of September 2007 and wholesale provisions calculated annually from the end of August 20073.

The 2009 amended Regulation

On 7 May 2008, the Commission launched a public consultation on the functioning of the 2007 Regulation. ERG’s views expressed in response to the consultation were substantially reflected in the Commission’s legislative proposals,4 published on 23 September 2008, to extend the 2007 Regulation in duration and scope.

On 22 April 2009, the European Parliament adopted Regulation (EC) No 544/2009 at first reading, with a view to amending Regulation (EC) No 717/2007. Subsequently, on 8 June 2009, the Council of EU Telecoms Ministers formally adopted the new EU roaming rules approved by the European Parliament. The final text of Regulation (EC) No 544/2009 was published in the Official Journal of the European Union on 29 June 20095,6.

In particular, the Regulation introduced the following measures related to price controls, applicable from 1 July 2009 to 30 June 2012:

 an extension of wholesale and retail price regulation for voice, with yearly decreases in the levels of the caps;

 price regulation of SMS roaming services at both the wholesale and retail level;

 price regulation of data roaming services at the wholesale level.

And from July 2010 to June 2012:

3 In Norway and Iceland the 2007 Regulation was in force from the end of 2007 to the 2nd quarter of 2010. 4 http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/roaming/docs/regulation/reg_en.pdf 5 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:167:0012:0023:EN:PDF 6 From the 3rd quarter 2009 to the 1st quarter 2010, Regulation 544/2009 applied in the EU while the first Roaming Regulation (EC) No 717/2007 remained in force in Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein, with slightly higher voice caps, no SMS caps and no wholesale data cap.

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 retail transparency measures to protect consumers from “bill shock” when data roaming.

The 2012 Regulation

On 29 June 2010, the Commission published an interim report7 on the functioning of the 2009 Regulation. The Commission’s Digital Agenda for Europe8 also included a target for roaming, where ‘the difference between roaming and national tariffs should approach zero by 2015’.

In accordance with the 2009 Regulation, BEREC provided advice to the Commission on the functioning of the Regulation and future regulatory options in its December 2010 Report9, supplemented by its February 2011 response to the Commission’s public consultation10.

The Commission then published a full review of the functioning of the Regulation and legislative proposals for a new Regulation in July 201111.

On 30 May 2012 the Council of the European Union approved the International Roaming Regulation III12, which entered into force on 1 July 201213.

The Regulation introduced the following measures, applicable from 1 July 2012:

 an extension of wholesale and retail price regulation for voice and SMS with yearly decreases in the levels of the caps until 30 June 2014, with those caps to remain in force until 30 June 2022 for wholesale services, and until 30 June 2017 for the Eurotariffs, subject to a further review by 30 June 201614;

 an extension of wholesale price regulation for data roaming services with yearly decreases in the levels of the caps until 30 June 2014 with those caps to remain in force until 30 June 2022;

 price regulation of data roaming services at the retail level with a yearly decrease in the level of the cap until 30 June 2014 with the cap to remain in force until 30 June 2017, being subject to a further review by 30 June 201614;

 the obligation for MNOs to meet all reasonable requests for wholesale roaming access, which comprises direct wholesale roaming access and wholesale roaming resale access under the rules set out in the Roaming Regulation. The Regulation also included provisions on the separate sale of roaming services which entered into force on 1 July 2014.

7 http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/roaming/docs/interim_report2010.pdf 8 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2010:0245:FIN:EN:PDF 9 http://erg.eu.int/doc/berec/bor_10_58.pdf 10http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/roaming/docs/cons11/Berec.pdf 11http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/roaming/index_en.htm 12http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2012:172:0010:0035:EN:PDF 13 With regard to the EEA EFTA countries, it must be noted that the Roaming Regulation applies in these countries as from 7 December (Norway and Liechtenstein) and 21 December (Iceland) 2012. 14In line with the mandate, the European Commission has undertaken a review of the wholesale roaming market, and proposed the new legislation in June 2016: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52016SC0200 https://ec.europa.eu/transparency/regdoc/rep/1/2016/EN/1-2016-399-EN-F1-1.PDF

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The 2015 Regulation

On 26 November 2015, two years after the first draft text was introduced by the EC15, the Regulation (EU) No. 2015/2120 of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down measures concerning open internet access and amending Directive 2002/22/EC on universal service and users’ rights relating to electronic communications networks and services and Regulation (EU) No 531/2012 on roaming on public mobile communications networks within the Union was published16.

This amendment to the Regulation (EU) No 531/2012 sets out the principle of “Roam like at Home” (RLAH) where, from 15 June 2017, surcharges are to be abolished for regulated retail roaming services - until a yet to be defined minimum fair use limit (FUP) has been reached – provided that the issues identified at the wholesale level have been addressed and the proposed solutions are applicable by then.

Specifically regarding this Benchmark Report, the applicable provisions of the Roaming Regulation (EU) No 531/2012 were kept unchanged and therefore the basis for this data collection is maintained. 3. Data collection methodology

The ERG first consulted on a draft version of its data questionnaire during September 2007. Following comments received, the ERG amended the data questionnaire sent to providers, with an accompanying Explanatory Memorandum in October 2007.

In order to verify the operators’ compliance with the Roaming III Regulation, BEREC updated the questionnaire. NRAs and the Commission were informally consulted on subsequent revisions of the template.

The information gathered for this Report covers both retail and wholesale prices and volumes for voice, SMS and data roaming services. Each NRA aggregated the individual provider data to provide a national aggregate to BEREC. Therefore, only national aggregated data appear in this Report.

Over 150 providers of international roaming services delivered information for this Report. These include virtually all of the mobile network operators in the EU, as well as a significant number of MVNOs that provide EU roaming services. BEREC estimates that this covers around 95% of EU consumers using international roaming services today.

There are a limited number of operators having difficulties to supply reasonable quality data. This is not at all unusual for a comprehensive data collection of this type. In most cases the NRA was able to work with the company to resolve or alleviate the problem. In other cases, where system upgrades were necessary to comply with the new format of the data collection, the company was asked to provide the best possible estimate currently available and to complete upgrades in time to provide high quality data in the future.

15 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM:2013:0627:FIN 16 http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32015R2120

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The prices for the Eurotariff17 may exceed the price caps due to the 30 second minimum initial charging interval and in some cases non-regulated calls have been included due to problems with reporting.

Some operators could not split between EEA18 countries and other European countries and this may affect certain graphs showing the surcharge as a result of billed minutes for intra-EEA roaming voice calls.

The reason for negative surcharges in Figures 8,12 and 13 may result from data that include domestic post-paid tariffs with bundles of the roaming services (voice, SMS, data) applicable in EEA countries.

At the wholesale level, operators often receive discounts based on variables like volume of traffic, calculated at the end of a 12-month period. When providing data for these reports, operators may estimate the effect of such discounts on data for each quarter. Because the actual discount may vary from the estimate, there may be an apparently ‘anomalous’ result for the quarter when the discount is actually applied. This should be kept in mind when comparing wholesale figures for different quarters in the same year.

In a few cases, the number of operators changed, which may cause an apparent change in price between quarters. This can also lead to strong volume changes.

The reason why in some cases the wholesale prices are above the price caps, is that the average price used to assess the compliance with the regulation is based on the annual price rather than on the quarterly price, thus allowing some quarters to compensate for other quarters. Another reason may also be inaccuracies in the data collection itself.

For ease of comparison, the prices are determined in Euros throughout this Report. Within the EEA, currency fluctuations between the Euro and other national currencies are likely to have affected the average prices reported for EEA countries outside the Euro zone.

With regard to wholesale roaming resale access according to Article 3 para. 4 of the Roaming Regulation, MNOs may charge fair and reasonable prices for components not covered by para. 3. Thus, prices may be higher than the price caps given in Article 7 para. 1. Some data also include volumes and tariffs coming from roaming in non-EU countries in Europe. It should also be noted that the average wholesale roaming voice tariff for agreements applying Article 3 of the Roaming Regulation might be above the cap, because the calculation is based on actual minutes (the Regulation permits to invoice 30 seconds for calls that are shorter). In one case, annexes to contracts signed by the MNO and its MVNO/ MVNE, which introduce (among other aspects) new maximum rates under the EU regulation, were agreed between the parties and are currently in the signing process. Once the annexes have been signed, the regulated rates will be applied retroactively (i.e. from 01.07.2013).

17 Roaming providers are required to make available to their customers in the countries listed above the Eurotariff that may be combined with any retail tariff. The roaming provider must apply the Eurotariff automatically to all current roaming customers, with the exception of customers who deliberately select a special roaming tariff (e.g. a roaming package). 18 European Economic Area: Roaming regulation applies to all Member States from the European Union and three of four member states of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway).

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In the case of EFTA countries, the Roaming Regulation applies in these countries as of 7 December 2012 (Norway and Liechtenstein) and 21 December 2012 (Iceland).

The Report includes data from Croatia where the Roaming Regulation applies as of 1 July 2013 as historical data is not available.

This Report also updates previously published estimates, especially in terms of the Eurotariff and alternative tariffs. Newly submitted data allows for more precise estimates. 4. Main findings

The information gathered by BEREC continues to show a good level of compliance with the Roaming Regulation in all EU Member States. At the retail level, all consumers have access to a Euro-voice, Euro-data and Euro-SMS tariff. At the wholesale level, the voice, SMS and data roaming charges set between operators are in line with the declining regulated average caps. Some countries reported average prices slightly above the price caps.19

Evolution of prices

The applicable caps and the related EEA average prices during the data collection period were:

Q4 2015 Q1 2016 EEA EEA Service at Retail level (no VAT) Price Price Cap Average Average Cap

Eurotariff voice (making call) (€c/min) 19 12.0 19 11.2 Eurotariff voice (receiving call) €c/min) 5 2.8 5 2.6 Euro-SMS sent (€c/SMS) 6 4.9 6 4.7 Data transfer (€c/MB) 20 4.9 20 4.7

Q4 2015 Q1 2016 Service at wholesale level (no VAT) EEA Price EEA Price Cap Average Cap Average Wholesale voice (€c/minute) 5 3.7 5 3.2 Wholesale SMS (€c/SMS) 2 1.3 2 1.1 Wholesale data (€c/MB) 5 1.7 5 1.4

Calls made (retail)

In general, average Eurotariff retail voice roaming rates (Figures 1 - 3) remained fairly below the regulated caps in most EEA countries during the data collection period. For calls made, the EEA average Eurotariff was €0.120 in Q4 2015 and €0.112 in Q1 2016 compared to a cap of €0.190. The EEA average unregulated prices for alternative tariffs (Figures 1 - 3) were lower than during

19 The reasons for most such cases are explained in the Methodology Chapter. Moreover, NRAs are monitoring compliance with the provisions of the Regulation to gather further information on possible reasons for reported prices that are higher than the caps. BEREC will keep monitoring this issue closely.

8 BoR (16) 160 the equivalent period one year before: €0.164 and €0.138 respectively in Q4 2015 and Q1 2016 compared to €0.248 and €0.227 in Q4 2014 and Q1 2015.

Calls received (retail)

For calls received (Figures 4 - 5), the EEA average Eurotariff rate was further from the cap (€0.050) at €0.028 during Q4 2015 and €0.026 during Q1 2016. For calls received (Figure 6) unregulated prices were lower than during the equivalent period one year before: €0.056 during Q4 2015 and €0.046 during Q1 2016 compared to €0.098 and €0.093 in Q4 2014 and Q1 2015.

Surcharge for voice calls (retail)

Regarding the effects of standardisation of billing units for Eurotariff voice calls (Figures 7-8), the 2012 Regulation (the mechanism introduced in the amended 2009 Regulation) requires per second billing for Eurotariff voice calls made, with the possibility of charging for an initial minimum period of up to 30 seconds to cover the costs of setting up the call. This has led to a significant drop in the EEA average surcharge for calls made, from around 22% in Q2 2009 to 5.30% in Q4 2015 and 5.54% in Q1 2016.

Calls made (wholesale)

At the wholesale level, (Figures 9-10) the EEA average Eurotariff was €0.037 in Q4 2015 and €0.032 in Q1 2016 compared to a cap of €0.050. Regarding the average EEA wholesale prices for intra-EEA roaming voice calls (Figure 11), the regulation has led to a constant reduction over the previous years and a rather flat trend during the last year.

Surcharge for voice calls (wholesale)

At the wholesale level, the surcharge for voice calls (Figures 12-13) decreased to 3.29% in Q4 2015 and to 3.47% in Q1 2016.

Prices rest of the world (RoW)

With regard to ‘Rest of World’ retail voice roaming calls (Figures 20-24), typical prices were significantly higher than for calls within the EEA countries. Comparing the medium-term trends (Figure 24), a decreasing trend coupled with a yearly constant oscillation (Q1 > Q2 > Q4 > Q3) for calls made and received is shown. There are no indications that operators have in general tended to raise the prices of unregulated ‘Rest of World’ roaming calls to make up for the loss of revenue due to lower regulated price caps.

SMS (retail)

The introduction of the Euro-SMS in the EEA in accordance with the 2009 Regulation continued in the 2012 Regulation and led to an EEA average Euro-SMS price (Figures 25-26) of around €0.049 in Q4 2015 and €0.047 in Q1 2016, compared to a regulated cap of €0.06. The EEA average price for unregulated SMS was higher, at €0.061 in Q4 2015 and €0.056 in Q1 2016. Before the 2009 Regulation, the EEA average SMS price was around €0.27 in Q1 2009 (Figure 27).

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SMS (wholesale)

At the wholesale level, the 2012 Regulation led to a reduction in the average EEA SMS price (Figures 28-30) to €0.013 in Q4 2015 and €0.011 in Q1 2016. In comparison, the EEA average price was €0.136 in Q1 2009, before the 2009 Regulation came into force.

Data (retail)

The 2012 Regulation introduced new retail price caps for data services. This has led to a progressive drop in retail prices (Figures 34-35). There is a slight difference between the data Eurotariff and alternative tariffs for retail data services for the relevant period: €0.049 in Q4 2015 and €0.047 Q1 2016 for the Eurotariff compared to €0.053 and €0.048 for alternative tariffs.

Data (wholesale)

At the wholesale level, the average data cap of €0.05 in Q4 2015 and Q1 2016 applies in the EEA under the 2012 Regulation. The EEA average price for non-group wholesale data (Figures 37-39) fell to €0.017 per MB in Q4 2015 and €0.014 per MB in Q1 2016, compared to €0.026 and €0.019 in Q4 2014 and Q1 2015.

Wholesale agreements (Article 3)

In the case of wholesale agreements based on Article 3 of the Roaming Regulation, only some operators submitted this data. BEREC’s International Roaming Compliance Report20 showed that operators negotiated roaming services at the wholesale level individually and that the provision of such services was based on commercial agreements. Some light MVNOs as well as resellers stated that these services continued to be provided on the basis of the existing contracts with national host MNOs. As set out on page 7, the wholesale resale charges can exceed the caps as these may be subject to fair and reasonable prices for additional components not covered by Article 3 of the Roaming Regulation (figures 43-45).

Evolution of volumes

In respect of EEA volumes of voice, SMS and data roaming services (Figures 16-19, 32-33 and 41-42), one particular issue stands out, which is the significant difference between these services. While volumes for voice and SMS services show a minimal or small increase from 2008 (1.70 times for calls made, 2.35 times for calls received and 1.34 times for SMS sent comparing Q1 2016 and Q1 2008), data service volumes increased up to around 153 times in Q1 2016 compared to Q1 2008 correspondent quarters.21

20 BEREC International Roaming Compliance Report (Regulation (EU) No 531/512 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2012 on roaming), the link: http://berec.europa.eu/eng/document_register/subject_matter/berec/reports/1482-berec-international- roaming-compliance-report-regulation-eu-no-531512-of-the-european-parliament-and-of-the-council-of- 13-june-2012-on-roaming 21 It should be noted that the results displayed in the charts might take into account values from a different number of operators that submitted data in the relevant quarters. In this Report Croatia is also included which could affect total volumes as well.

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Evidence of market forces at work

For voice roaming services, the average EEA prices are close to the regulated caps. This suggests that providers see little attraction in competing on Eurotariff rates, despite the fact that there is a significant margin between typical wholesale prices and retail caps.

Differing from the previous Benchmark Reports, the European average alternative price for calls made in Q4 2015 and Q1 2016 were below the regulated price cap (Figure 3).

Although the Eurotariffs generally account for the majority of voice and SMS traffic, customers opt for alternative tariffs, and in Q1 2016, 46.1% of calls made and 32.4% for calls received were based on alternative tariffs (Figures 14-15). For text messages sent while roaming within EEA countries, unregulated non-Euro SMS tariffs accounted for 26% of the total volume (Figure 31).

There is a significant different trend in the case of data roaming services. In Q1 2016 around 51.7% of data traffic was based on the non-Euro data tariff while roaming (Figure 40)22. In this regard, the BEREC Reports on Transparency and Comparability of International Roaming Tariffs23 also showed that a large number of operators offered a variety of packages for roaming data services. Positive outcomes of competition dynamics for data roaming are also signalled by the much larger differential (compared to voice calls and SMS) between the regulated caps and the average Euro and non-Euro data price for 1 MB both at retail and wholesale level.

LBO services

In 2014 Articles 4 and 5 (Separate sale of retail roaming services) of the Roaming III Regulation entered into force. Until now only one operator from Lithuania offering LBO services submitted data to BEREC for Q4 2015 and Q1 2016.

22 It must be noted that not all countries provided data for prepaid or post-paid alternative tariffs and care should be taken when comparing percentages with voice and SMS services. 23 BEREC Reports on transparency and Comparability of International Roaming Tariffs: 2013: http://berec.europa.eu/eng/document_register/subject_matter/berec/reports/3903-report-on- transparency-and-comparability-of-international-roaming-tariffs 2014: http://berec.europa.eu/eng/document_register/subject_matter/berec/reports/4787-report-on- transparency-and-comparability-of-international-roaming-tariffs 2015: http://berec.europa.eu/eng/document_register/subject_matter/berec/reports/3903-report-on- transparency-and-comparability-of-international-roaming-tariffs

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5. Charts

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5.1. Voice roaming services

5.1.1. Retail prices

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Figure 1: Average retail price per minute for intra-EEA roaming voice calls made: Eurotariff and alternative tariffs (Q4 2015)

€ 0.90 0.840

€ 0.80

€ 0.70 0.645

€ 0.60

€ 0.50 0.490

€ 0.40 0.383

0.358

0.318 0.273

€ 0.30 0.270

0.253

0.251

0.233

0.197

0.191

0.187

0.185

0.184

0.178

0.177

0.174

0.171

0.170 0.165

€ 0.20 0.164

0.164

0.161

0.160

0.157

0.155

0.150

0.146

0.143

0.136

0.131

0.130

0.128

0.120

0.117

0.106

0.103

0.099

0.087

0.086

0.074 0.074

€ 0.10 0.074

0.060

0.059

0.047

0.042 0.032

€ 0.00

Eurotariff Q4'15 Alternative tariffs Q4'15 Price Cap

Data for alternative tariffs for some countries have not been reported and for others there are no alternative tariffs.

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Figure 2: Average retail price per minute for intra-EEA roaming voice calls made: Eurotariff and alternative tariffs Q1 2016

€ 0.90 0.818

€ 0.80 0.777

€ 0.70

€ 0.60 0.580

€ 0.50 0.404

€ 0.40

0.322 0.312

€ 0.30 0.268

0.260

0.256

0.244

0.235

0.197

0.193

0.187

0.186

0.184

0.183

0.182

0.181

0.176 0.173

€ 0.20 0.165

0.162

0.161

0.160

0.152

0.151

0.150

0.149

0.144

0.142

0.141

0.140

0.138

0.132

0.131

0.123

0.120

0.113

0.112

0.110

0.095

0.087

0.083

0.073

0.072

0.069

0.068 0.066

€ 0.10 0.065

0.060

0.053

0.043

0.038 0.025 € 0.00

Eurotariff Q1'16 Alternative tariffs Q1'16 Price Cap

Data for alternative tariffs for some countries have not been reported and for others there are no alternative tariffs.

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Figure 3: EEA average retail price per minute for intra-EEA roaming voice calls made

€ 0.80 0.698

€ 0.70 0.614 € 0.60

€ 0.50

0.465

0.457

0.456

0.450

0.449

0.428

0.426

0.425

0.424

0.422

0.413

0.411

0.406

0.404

0.395

0.391

0.389

0.384

0.383

0.379 0.379 0.378

€ 0.40 0.374

0.367

0.366

0.365

0.363

0.361

0.359

0.351

0.349

0.344

0.341

0.330

0.320

0.319

0.312

0.311

0.310

0.307

0.304

0.286 0.283

€ 0.30 0.278

0.271

0.265

0.262

0.259

0.253

0.250

0.248

0.227

0.217

0.211

0.208

0.206 0.196

€ 0.20 0.194

0.164

0.157

0.140

0.138

0.135

0.131

0.120 0.112 € 0.10

€ 0.00 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 '07 '07 '07 '08 ''08 '08 '08 '09 '09 '09 '09 '10 '10 '10 '10 '11 '11 '11 '11 '12 '12 '12 '12 '13 '13 '13 '13 '14 '14 '14 '14 '15 '15 '15 '15 '16

Eurotariff - Calls Made Non - Eurotariff - Calls Made Price cap

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Figure 4: Average retail price per minute for intra-EEA roaming voice calls received: Eurotariff and alternative tariffs Q4 2015

€ 0.35 0.316

€ 0.30

€ 0.25 0.248

€ 0.20 0.179

€ 0.15 0.143

0.124

0.123

0.119 0.107

€ 0.10

0.068

0.061

0.059

0.056

0.055

0.053

0.052

0.050

0.049

0.048

0.047

0.046

0.045

0.042

0.039

0.039 0.038

€ 0.05 0.038

0.037

0.036

0.034

0.033

0.032

0.031

0.028

0.027

0.026

0.024

0.022

0.021

0.017

0.014

0.013

0.012

0.010 0.010 € 0.00

Eurotariff Q4'15 Alternative tariffs Q4'15 Price Cap

Data for alternative tariffs for some countries have not been reported and for others there are no alternative tariffs

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Figure 5: Average retail price per minute for intra-EEA roaming voice calls received: Eurotariff and alternative tariffs Q1 2016

€ 0.45 0.418

€ 0.40

€ 0.35

€ 0.30 0.257 € 0.25

€ 0.20

0.166 0.156

€ 0.15

0.123

0.120

0.103 0.099

€ 0.10

0.053

0.051

0.050

0.049

0.048

0.047

0.046

0.045

0.044

0.043

0.042

0.040

0.038

0.035

0.035 0.034

€ 0.05 0.033

0.033

0.032

0.030

0.028

0.026

0.024

0.023

0.022

0.020

0.019

0.018

0.017

0.013

0.011

0.011 0.008 € 0.00

Eurotariff Q1'16 Alternative tariffs Q1'16 Price Cap

Data for alternative tariffs for some countries have not been reported and for others there are no alternative tariffs.

18 BoR (16) 160

Figure 6: EEA average retail price per minute for intra-EEA retail roaming voice calls received

€ 0.40 0.353

€ 0.35 0.315

€ 0.30

€ 0.25

0.223

0.221

0.218

0.217

0.210

0.203

0.201

0.199 0.199

€ 0.20

0.183

0.178

0.171

0.166

0.165

0.164

0.160

0.156

0.155

0.152

0.151

0.150

0.148

0.145

0.143

0.142 0.140

€ 0.15 0.138

0.135

0.132

0.130

0.129

0.125

0.122

0.121

0.118

0.115

0.113

0.100

0.098

0.096 0.095

€ 0.10 0.093

0.076

0.073

0.072

0.071

0.070

0.062

0.059

0.056

0.053 0.046

€ 0.05 0.039

0.035

0.034

0.028 0.026

Eurotariff - Calls Received Non - Eurotariff - Calls Received Price cap

19 BoR (16) 160

5.1.2. Surcharge for roaming voice calls made

20 BoR (16) 160

Figure 7: Surcharge as a result of billed minutes for intra-EEA roaming voice calls made: Eurotariff Q4 2015

20%

18%

16%

14%

12.62% 12.52%

12% 11.56%

10.83%

10.50%

9.89%

9.86% 9.75%

10% 9.39% 7.59%

8% 7.43%

7.01%

6.92%

6.83%

6.80%

6.61%

6.56%

6.54%

6.24%

6.01%

5.96%

5.94%

5.79%

5.75%

5.67%

5.42% 5.30%

6% 5.30%

5.26%

5.25%

5.24%

5.20%

5.11%

5.07%

5.00%

4.98%

4.82%

4.74%

4.61%

4.59%

4.47%

4.11%

3.99%

3.92%

3.89%

3.82%

3.66% 3.66%

4% 3.57%

2.52%

2.51%

2.26%

2.08%

2.04%

1.87%

1.86%

1.68% 1.56%

2% 1.27%

1.03%

0.82% 0.00% 0%

Calls made Q4'13 Calls made Q4'14 Calls made Q4'15

21 BoR (16) 160

Figure 8: Surcharge as a result of billed minutes for intra-EEA roaming voice calls made: Eurotariff Q1 2016

19%

17%

15.74% 15.14% 15%

13% 12.96% 11.06%

11% 10.56%

10.41%

9.57% 9.03%

9% 8.59%

8.30%

7.60%

7.42%

7.37%

7.22%

7.13%

6.85% 6.72%

7% 6.47%

6.35%

6.26%

6.20%

6.11%

6.03%

5.79%

5.54%

5.51%

5.49%

5.45%

5.38%

5.08%

5.08% 5.08%

5.07%

5.02%

4.99%

4.83% 4.69%

5% 4.58%

4.15%

4.08%

3.95%

3.71%

3.64%

3.55%

3.54%

3.37%

3.30%

3.20%

2.95%

2.85%

2.54% 2.51%

3% 2.50%

2.25%

2.22%

1.99%

1.80%

1.38% 0.70%

1% 0.49% 0.00%

-1%

0.07% - -3%

Calls made Q1'14 Calls made Q1'15 Calls made Q1'16

22 BoR (16) 160

5.1.3. Wholesale prices

23 BoR (16) 160

Figure 9: Average wholesale price per minute for intra-EEU roaming voice calls: charges to non-group companies (wholesale roaming inbound) Q4 2015 € 0.30

€ 0.25

€ 0.20 0.163

€ 0.15 0.133

€ 0.10

0.057

0.056

0.052

0.051

0.050

0.049

0.048

0.047

0.046

0.045

0.044

0.042

0.041

0.040

0.039 0.039

€ 0.05 0.039

0.038

0.037

0.036

0.034

0.033

0.033 0.033

0.032

0.031

0.030

0.028

0.027

0.025 0.024

€ 0.00

Wholesale Q4'13 Wholesale Q4'14 Wholesale Q4'15 Price Cap

24 BoR (16) 160

Figure 10: Average wholesale price per minute for intra-EEU roaming voice calls: charges to non-group companies (wholesale roaming inbound) Q1 2016 € 0.25

€ 0.20

€ 0.15

0.120 0.110

€ 0.10

0.056

0.053

0.052

0.050

0.049

0.048

0.047

0.046

0.045

0.044

0.043

0.042

0.041 0.041

€ 0.05 0.041

0.040

0.038

0.037

0.036

0.035

0.034

0.033

0.032

0.031

0.030

0.029

0.028

0.027

0.025

0.024

0.023 0.021

€ 0.00

Wholesale Q1'14 Wholesale Q1'15 Wholesale Q1'16 Price Cap

25 BoR (16) 160

Figure 11: EEA average price per minute for wholesale non-group roaming voice calls

€ 0.50 0.462 € 0.45

€ 0.40 0.393

€ 0.35

€ 0.30

0.277

0.250

0.249 0.245

€ 0.25 0.240

0.225

0.223

0.216

0.212

0.210 0.197

€ 0.20 0.196

0.183

0.182

0.172

0.168

0.150 0.149

€ 0.15

0.129

0.127

0.112

0.103 0.093

€ 0.10 0.090

0.067

0.063

0.050

0.048

0.037

0.037 0.037

€ 0.05 0.036 0.032

Wholesale voice averages - roaming in Price cap

26 BoR (16) 160

5.1.4. Surcharge for wholesale voice calls

27 BoR (16) 160

Figure 12: Surcharge as a result of billed minutes for intra-EEA wholesale voice calls (non-group companies) Q4 2015

16%

14%

12%

10%

9.30% 8.30%

8% 7.66%

7.21%

7.05%

7.02%

6.52%

6.42%

6.10% 5.63%

6% 5.60%

5.10%

5.02%

4.63%

4.41%

4.40%

4.31%

4.22%

4.20%

4.18%

3.98%

3.87%

3.86%

3.80%

3.76% 3.76%

3.71%

3.62%

3.57% 3.43%

4% 3.35%

3.29%

3.07%

3.06%

2.96%

2.95%

2.80%

2.75%

2.50%

2.44%

2.40%

2.39%

2.17%

2.16%

2.14%

2.11%

2.10%

2.00%

1.98%

1.91%

1.90%

1.83%

1.78%

1.75%

1.73% 1.58%

2% 1.57%

1.22%

1.04%

0.92%

0.58%

0.56%

0.48% 0.41% 0%

Q4 2013 Q4 2014 Q4 2015

28 BoR (16) 160

Figure 13: Surcharge as a result of billed minutes for intra-EEA wholesale voice calls (non-group companies) Q1 2016

14%

12% 11.27%

10%

7.91% 7.67%

8% 7.39%

6.88%

6.81%

6.44%

6.39%

6.16%

5.89% 5.63%

6% 5.51%

4.98%

4.60%

4.46%

4.22%

4.13%

3.98%

3.93%

3.89%

3.80%

3.70% 3.62%

4% 3.47%

3.35%

3.27%

3.26%

3.21%

3.14%

3.09%

3.06%

2.97%

2.89%

2.88%

2.69%

2.59%

2.54%

2.51%

2.39%

2.31%

2.26%

2.23%

2.22%

2.18%

2.17%

2.08%

2.05%

1.99%

1.94%

1.93%

1.88%

1.78%

1.74%

1.68%

1.65%

1.64% 1.44%

2% 1.42%

1.35%

1.27%

1.05%

0.78%

0.73%

0.46%

0.42% 0.36% 0%

Q1 2014 Q1 2015 Q1 2016

29 BoR (16) 160

5.1.5. Percentage of alternative tariffs on total volumes for calls made/received

30 BoR (16) 160

Figure 14: EEA percentage of calls made: Eurotariff and alternative tariffs (millions of minutes) 100%

90%

303.775

321.072

431.420

437.869

266.533

334.689

283.851

277.434

326.293

281.302

450.682

298.021

315.012

542.759

355.952 591.295

80% 426.911

348.890

409.488

402.479

527.289

549.627

555.364

788.181

790.246

769.204

1065.002 850.847 70%

60%

50%

40%

898.038

918.915

742.344

916.728

768.176

869.562 739.592

742.741

1224.255

1223.508

744.642

786.107

1175.806 714.371

30% 851.794

685.440

1104.456

1182.724

763.268

731.068

927.945

945.756

909.403

1288.471

983.088

1027.518

1379.811 994.858 20%

10%

0% Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 2009 2009 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2013 2013 2013 2013 2014 2014 2014 2014 2015 2015 2015 2015 2016

calls made - Eurotariff calls made - Non Eurotariff

31 BoR (16) 160

Figure 15: EEA percentage of calls received: Eurotariff and alternative tariffs (millions of minutes) 100%

90%

409.176

527.863

427.509

338.612

473.916

352.434

418.196

338.529

433.584

388.967

309.828

316.998

427.639

333.689

356.011

349.865

483.722

346.834

602.047

741.857

604.574

313.172

433.581

304.611

333.576

340.081 652.551

80% 321.839

70%

60%

50%

40%

955.567

975.131

1205.035

912.922

1517.023

1209.111

1313.412

1156.034

985.584

769.301

782.071

805.040

1122.781

849.243

831.053

805.291

1047.815

698.488

962.986

1144.586

654.133

1376.080

710.896 724.383

1686.781 1371.968

30% 649.485 1359.337

20%

10%

calls received - Eurotariff calls received - non Eurotariff

32 BoR (16) 160

5.1.6. Volumes of retail roaming voice calls

33 BoR (16) 160

Figure 16: Outgoing international roaming traffic Index, intra-EEA roaming calls in Q4 2015 (Q4 2008 = 100)

700

648.655 624.414

600 548.100

500

434.737

418.758 416.732

400 384.843

341.767

322.044

304.093

297.982 289.640

300 281.774

272.139

257.036

225.015

202.192 190.707

200 178.046

172.763

172.301

170.073

166.526

165.066

161.205

158.776

155.973

154.071

151.898

149.720

147.838

138.295

136.051

135.827

133.005

131.066

130.306

129.376

127.130

125.836

125.166

121.307

119.513

119.044

115.662

113.397

110.082

109.547

109.210

104.803

101.867

100.545

100.186

99.823 99.869

94.540

94.478

93.084

90.419

88.944

84.240

83.712 83.618

100 80.989 71.749

Q4 '13 Q4 '14 Q4 '15

Liechtenstein based on Q4 2012 = 100 and Croatia based on Q4 2013 = 100, Malta: one of the operators was not able to submit data on post-paid volumes

34 BoR (16) 160

Figure 17: Outgoing international roaming traffic Index, intra-EEA roaming calls in Q1 2016 (Q1 2008 = 100)

800 718.072

700 680.367 596.733

600 488.306

500 485.615

444.667

429.672

420.201 406.334

400 394.427

358.357

340.120 291.953

300 286.237

245.037

216.296

190.747

181.026

173.429

169.811 169.776

200 169.213

165.809

162.271

151.622

151.277

150.959

148.413

148.004

145.064

143.100

142.664

140.323

137.826

137.580

135.930

132.337

132.054

126.086

125.296

120.602

119.988

115.997

114.657

114.304

110.277

104.439

104.331

103.997

103.617

101.294

98.952

94.321

93.629

85.282

82.269

80.430 77.214

100 74.800

67.741

66.315

64.046

61.932 57.847

Q1 '14 Q1 '15 Q1 '16

Switzerland based on Q1 2009 = 100, Liechtenstein based on Q1 2013 = 100 and Croatia based on Q1 2014 = 100, Malta: one of the operators was not able to submit data on post-paid volumes

35 BoR (16) 160

Figure 18: Incoming international roaming traffic Index, intra-EEA roaming calls in Q4 2015 (Q4 2008 = 100)

1,000 887.675 900 879.841

800 739.016

700 648.457

600 525.221

500 443.825

400

306.124 277.073

300 274.483

217.223

215.495

201.970 185.704

200 180.768

159.903

151.455

149.433

146.741

140.309

139.740

127.219

120.735

120.199

119.623

118.928

116.637

113.141

107.293

100.261

95.097

92.977 86.883

100 65.004

Q4 '13 Q4 '14 Q4 '15

Switzerland based on Q2 2009 = 100, Liechtenstein based on Q2 2013 = 100 and Croatia based on Q2 2014 = 100, Malta: one of the operators was not able to submit data on post-paid volumes

36 BoR (16) 160

Figure 19: Incoming international roaming traffic Index, intra-EEA roaming calls in Q1 2016 (Q1 2008 = 100) 1,400

1,200 1192.681 1002.347

1,000

869.829

842.529

818.265 777.684

800 773.094

678.485

651.531 603.726

600 409.851

400 380.173

330.491

317.761

303.540

287.914

282.884

235.106

221.615

221.232

204.057

191.253

190.786

189.999

170.721

162.132

161.806

161.290

155.270

154.785

153.407

152.530

149.569 147.262

200 147.264

145.342

140.766

140.065

138.791

138.158

132.794

128.600

126.494

126.058

122.651

120.203

115.141

112.023

112.005

111.646

110.908

105.832

102.302

100.144

99.652

96.083

92.158

84.998

77.605

73.850

72.438

71.738 66.456

Q1 '14 Q1 '15 Q1 '16

Switzerland based on Q3 2009 = 100, Liechtenstein based on Q3 2012 = 100 and Croatia based on Q3 2013 = 100, Malta: one of the operators was not able to submit data on post-paid volumes

37 BoR (16) 160

5.1.7. Retail and wholesale prices - outside EEA

38 BoR (16) 160

Figure 20: Average retail price per minute for roaming voice calls made by EEA customers outside EEA Q4 2015 € 3.00

€ 2.50

€ 2.00

1.838

1.821

1.817

1.815

1.776

1.765

1.757

1.756

1.745

1.733

1.730

1.723

1.722

1.671

1.608 1.608

1.531

1.521

1.481 1.476

€ 1.50 1.437

1.381

1.363

1.359

1.350

1.342

1.263

1.192

1.151

1.143

1.139

1.126

1.125

1.098

1.093

1.052

1.030

0.953

0.945

0.935

0.915

0.907

0.902

0.900

0.898 0.897

€ 1.00 0.892

0.854

0.826

0.822

0.768

0.744

0.680

0.666

0.663

0.658

0.606

0.596

0.509 0.480

€ 0.50 0.391

0.322 0.259

€ 0.00

RoW - Calls Made - Q4'13 RoW - Calls Made - Q4'14 RoW - Calls Made - Q4'15

39 BoR (16) 160

Figure 21: Average retail price per minute for roaming voice calls made by EEA customers outside EEA Q1 2016 € 3.00

€ 2.50

2.113

2.024 1.999

€ 2.00 1.910

1.868

1.795

1.786

1.751

1.750

1.651

1.636

1.630

1.626

1.604

1.591

1.565

1.527

1.516 1.512

€ 1.50 1.459

1.371

1.365

1.358

1.357

1.349

1.323

1.249

1.234

1.166

1.108

1.098

1.075

1.054

1.050

1.046

1.034

1.004

0.995

0.991

0.981

0.957 0.923

€ 1.00 0.914

0.887

0.862

0.857

0.826

0.807

0.798

0.769

0.727

0.691

0.688

0.625

0.603

0.577

0.562

0.552

0.547 0.493

€ 0.50 0.437

0.296

0.244 0.176

€ 0.00

RoW - Calls Made - Q1'14 RoW - Calls Made - Q1'15 RoW - Calls Made - Q1'16

40 BoR (16) 160

Figure 22: Average retail price per minute roaming voice calls received by EEA customers outside EEA Q4 2015

€ 1.80 1.661

€ 1.60

1.467 1.386

€ 1.40 1.365 1.147

€ 1.20 1.138

1.065

1.063

1.053 0.961

€ 1.00 0.939

0.929

0.921

0.851

0.846

0.820

0.803

0.794

0.791

0.748 0.742

€ 0.80 0.737

0.714

0.705

0.700

0.696

0.693

0.617

0.599

0.585

0.581

0.572 0.569

€ 0.60 0.544

0.521

0.499

0.495

0.474

0.463

0.451

0.449

0.439 0.439

0.437

0.411

0.404

0.401

0.393

0.381

0.372 0.346

€ 0.40 0.336

0.333

0.323

0.322

0.304

0.294

0.288

0.217 0.192

€ 0.20 0.184

0.092

0.090

0.074

0.049 0.039 € 0.00

RoW - Received - Q4 '13 RoW - Received - Q4'14 RoW - Received - Q4'15

41 BoR (16) 160

Figure 23: Average retail price per minute roaming voice calls received by EEA customers outside EEA Q1 2016 € 2.00

€ 1.80 1.744 1.607 € 1.60

€ 1.40 1.293

€ 1.20 1.184

1.013

0.999 0.992

€ 1.00 0.975

0.921

0.906

0.893

0.851

0.841

0.807

0.804

0.786 0.739

€ 0.80 0.733

0.725

0.712

0.706

0.694

0.670

0.657

0.633

0.628

0.617

0.597

0.588

0.569

0.567

0.565

0.562 0.550

€ 0.60 0.538

0.491

0.488

0.481

0.471

0.456

0.449

0.445

0.442

0.436

0.425

0.392

0.367

0.359

0.344 0.335

€ 0.40 0.335

0.325

0.313

0.302

0.289

0.277

0.274

0.243

0.217 0.207

€ 0.20 0.182

0.107

0.076

0.051 0.041 € 0.00

RoW - Received - Q1 '14 RoW - Received - Q1'15 RoW - Received - Q1'16

42 BoR (16) 160

Figure 24: Average wholesale and retail prices for roaming calls made and received by EEA customers outside EEA (EU only for Q2 2009 - Q1 2010)

€ 1.60

1.456

1.447

1.442

1.427

1.391 1.365

€ 1.40 1.354

1.339

1.337

1.334

1.330

1.320

1.317

1.299

1.288

1.285

1.283

1.273

1.269

1.267

1.262

1.253

1.245

1.242 1.241

€ 1.20 1.181

1.139

1.132

1.123

1.098

1.031 1.000

€ 1.00

0.907

0.867

0.835

0.810

0.794

0.794 0.794

€ 0.80

0.744

0.732

0.729

0.725

0.719

0.718

0.711

0.706

0.696

0.691

0.689

0.685

0.673

0.666

0.665

0.655

0.632

0.628

0.627

0.614

0.612

0.594

0.591

0.589

0.584

0.571

0.563 0.561

€ 0.60 0.550

0.547

0.545

0.542

0.541

0.516

0.514

0.509

0.502

0.500

0.488

0.474

0.455

0.452

0.449

0.444

0.438

0.433

0.429

0.425

0.421

0.404

0.390 0.370

€ 0.40 0.354

0.3449

0.338

0.335

0.332

0.3178

0.3146

0.3093

0.3053

0.2576

0.2282

0.2243

0.2131 0.2059 € 0.20

€ 0.00 Q2'07Q3'07Q4'07Q1'08Q2''08Q3'08Q4'08Q1'09Q2'09Q3'09Q4'09Q1'10Q2'10Q3'10Q4'10Q1'11Q2'11Q3'11Q4'11Q1'12Q2'12Q3'12Q4'12Q1'13Q2'13Q3'13Q4'13Q1'14Q2'14Q3'14Q4'14Q1'15Q2'15Q3'15Q4'15Q1'16

Wholesale price per billed min - RoW Retail RoW calls made Retail RoW calls received

43 BoR (16) 160

5.2. SMS roaming services 5.2.1. Retail prices

44 BoR (16) 160

Figure 25: Average price for Euro-SMS and Non Euro-SMS in Q4 2015 (prepaid + postpaid)

€ 0.35

0.311 0.308

€ 0.30 0.286

€ 0.25

€ 0.20

0.172

0.142 0.141

€ 0.15 0.139

0.121

0.112 0.095

€ 0.10 0.092

0.073

0.072

0.069

0.067

0.061

0.060

0.059

0.058

0.057

0.056

0.055

0.054

0.053

0.052

0.051

0.051 0.051

0.051

0.050

0.049

0.048

0.047

0.046

0.045

0.044

0.044 0.042

€ 0.05 0.042

0.032

0.031 0.025

€ 0.00

Euro-SMS Q4'15 Non Euro-SMS Q4'15 Price Cap

45 BoR (16) 160

Figure 26: Average price for Euro-SMS and Non Euro-SMS in Q1 2016 (prepaid + postpaid)

€ 0.35 0.312

€ 0.30

€ 0.25

0.203 0.200

€ 0.20 0.155

€ 0.15 0.140

0.136

0.121

0.100

0.095 0.094

€ 0.10 0.092

0.084

0.066

0.064

0.061

0.060

0.059

0.057

0.056

0.055

0.054

0.053

0.052

0.051

0.050

0.049

0.048

0.047

0.046

0.043

0.042

0.042 0.042

€ 0.05 0.039

0.037

0.032

0.027

0.027 0.026

€ 0.00

Euro-SMS Q1'16 Non Euro-SMS Q1'16 Price Cap

46 BoR (16) 160

Figure 27: Average EEA price per retail SMS (Euro + Non Euro SMS tariffs)

€0.30

0.285

0.282

0.277 0.275

€0.25 0.274 0.247

€0.20

€0.15

€0.10

0.113

0.110

0.107

0.104

0.103

0.102

0.101

0.099

0.091

0.083

0.076 0.074

€0.05 0.072

0.070

0.059

0.057

0.054

0.053

0.051 0.048

€0.00

Retail SMS (regulated + non-regulated) Regulated Cap

47 BoR (16) 160

5.2.2. Wholesale prices

48 BoR (16) 160

Figure 28: Average wholesale price per intra-EEA roaming SMS: charges to non-group companies

€ 0.18

0.167

0.165 0.160

€ 0.16 0.156

0.151

0.150 0.147

€ 0.14 0.136 0.133

€ 0.12

€ 0.10

€ 0.08

€ 0.06

0.043

0.041

0.040

0.038

0.037

0.037 0.035

€ 0.04 0.035

0.030

0.025

0.023

0.019

0.017

0.016 0.016

€ 0.02 0.016

0.013

0.012 0.011

€ 0.00

Wholesale SMS Price cap

49 BoR (16) 160

Figure 29: Average wholesale price per intra-EEA roaming SMS: charges to non-group companies in Q4 2015 € 0.10

€ 0.09

€ 0.08

€ 0.07

€ 0.06

€ 0.05 0.042

€ 0.04 0.035

€ 0.03

0.020

0.019

0.018

0.017

0.017 0.017

€ 0.02 0.016

0.016

0.015

0.014

0.013

0.013 0.013

0.012

0.011

0.010

0.009

0.008 0.007 € 0.01 0.007

€ 0.00

Wholesale SMS Q4 '13 Wholesale SMS Q4 '14 Wholesale SMS Q4 '15 Price Cap

50 BoR (16) 160

Figure 30: Average wholesale price per intra-EEA roaming SMS: charges to non-group companies in Q1 2016 € 0.08

€ 0.07

€ 0.06 0.059

€ 0.05

€ 0.04 0.030

€ 0.03

0.019

0.018

0.018 0.017

€ 0.02 0.017

0.017

0.016

0.015

0.014

0.013

0.012

0.011

0.010

0.010 0.010

0.010

0.009 0.008

€ 0.01 0.008

0.007

0.006 0.004

€ 0.00

Wholesale SMS Q1 '14 Wholesale SMS Q1 '15 Wholesale SMS Q1 '16 Price Cap

51 BoR (16) 160

5.2.3. Percentage of SMS from alternative tariffs on total roaming SMS messages

52 BoR (16) 160

Figure 31: EEA percentage of SMS messages: Euro SMS and Non Euro SMS (millions of messages) 100%

90%

152.294

122.644

124.031

130.151

131.593

135.339

128.891

131.948

256.177

176.927

252.966

275.741

110.821 127.865

169.152

241.027

108.948

217.410

155.308

210.565

363.042

158.397

149.844

279.323

226.003 234.996 80% 482.114

70%

60%

50%

40%

818.353

807.773

838.230

837.451

856.768

803.684

812.291

1026.886

748.864

648.548

972.876

603.732

1568.284

835.175

1055.325

1502.899

1622.359

769.465

1366.754

753.739

1111.250

952.304

1440.500

877.550

648.368 665.279 30% 1280.595

20%

10%

0% Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 2009 2009 2010 2010 2010 2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2013 2013 2013 2013 2014 2014 2014 2014 2015 2015 2015 2015 2016

Euro SMS Non Euro SMS

53 BoR (16) 160

5.2.4. Volumes of retail roaming SMS

54 BoR (16) 160

Figure 32: Retail SMS sent traffic Index Q4 2015 (Q4 2008 = 100) 600

560 532.941 520 480

440 418.041 400 360

320

286.496 285.384

280 272.320

256.087

252.032

246.264

244.172 239.818

240 221.840

213.985

210.846

208.717

205.809

201.228

198.692 197.549

200 196.193

176.374

168.288

164.737

163.381

157.638

155.502

154.679

154.837

146.694

146.638

146.058

144.466

144.304

143.149

141.100

139.894

137.879 137.539

160 136.827

136.256

133.459

132.388

127.707

125.329

123.512

121.063

116.463

114.086

113.651

112.159 106.545

120 98.607

93.309 93.286

90.244

86.805

86.007

84.917

83.796

78.973 76.401

80 73.453

55.316

52.309

50.600 39.534 40 0

Q4 '13 Q4 '14 Q4 '15

Liechtenstein based on Q4 2012 = 100 and Croatia based on Q4 2013 = 100, Malta: one of the operators was not able to submit data on post-paid volumes

55 BoR (16) 160

Figure 33: Retail SMS sent traffic Index Q1 2016 (Q1 2008 = 100) 560

520 504.700

480 445.262 440

400

360 337.015

320 304.187 286.852

280

243.647

240.394

237.692 237.369

240

210.319

210.146

201.562

198.402

195.991

195.019

188.112 187.859

200 178.668

172.518

162.977

159.976

157.589

150.805

147.792

144.802 142.385

160 138.221

133.609

130.225

129.699

129.043

128.340

128.018

119.810

114.321

113.572

113.407

112.750

112.610

111.446

108.970

106.652 106.870

105.077

101.895

101.232 101.156

120 100.556

98.141

88.791

87.539

85.582

85.211

84.861

81.717

79.932

77.886

71.957

68.165 64.152

80 63.081

51.712

41.887 41.389 40 33.674

Q1 '14 Q1 '15 Q1 '16

Switzerland based on Q1 2009 = 100, Liechtenstein based on Q1 2013 = 100 and Croatia based on Q1 2014 = 100, Malta: one of the operators was not able to submit data on post-paid volumes

56 BoR (16) 160

5.3. Data roaming services 5.3.1. Retail prices

57 BoR (16) 160

Figure 34: Average retail data price per Mb in Q4 2015 (prepaid+postpaid)

€ 0.40 0.388

€ 0.35

€ 0.30 0.256

€ 0.25

0.217

0.206 0.196

€ 0.20 0.190

0.184

0.182

0.178

0.177

0.171

0.166

0.162

0.161 0.160

€ 0.15

0.123

0.122

0.118

0.116

0.111

0.109

0.104

0.095

0.094

0.092 0.092

€ 0.10 0.086

0.083

0.078

0.074

0.072

0.071

0.067

0.065

0.059

0.053

0.051

0.049

0.045

0.042 0.041

€ 0.05 0.040

0.035

0.034

0.030

0.028

0.024

0.021

0.017

0.017 0.009 € 0.00

Euro Data Q4 '15 Non Euro Data Q4 '15 Price Cap

58 BoR (16) 160

Figure 35: Average retail data price per Mb in Q1 2016 (prepaid+postpaid)

€ 0.30 0.252

€ 0.25

0.237

0.208 0.194

€ 0.20 0.191

0.178

0.173

0.172

0.171

0.170

0.166

0.163

0.161

0.157 0.156

€ 0.15

0.138

0.115

0.113

0.109 0.107

€ 0.10

0.090

0.087

0.085

0.084

0.083

0.081

0.073

0.072

0.066

0.065

0.064

0.057

0.055

0.049

0.048

0.047 0.047

€ 0.05 0.044

0.038

0.037

0.036

0.030

0.027

0.020

0.019

0.015

0.013 0.008

€ 0.00

Euro Data Q1 '16 Non Euro Data Q1 '16 Price Cap

59 BoR (16) 160

Figure 36: EEA average price per Mb for retail EU/EEA and RoW data (Eurotariff and Non Eurotariff: prepaid + postpaid)

€ 9.00

8.220 7.973

€ 8.00

7.350

6.930 6.875

€ 7.00 6.769

6.358

6.089

6.037 6.034

€ 6.00 5.842

5.554

5.541

5.472

5.445

5.395 4.839

€ 5.00 4.707

4.090

4.015

3.971

3.912 3.786

€ 4.00 3.735

3.581

3.198

3.131

3.119

3.018 2.874

€ 3.00 2.758

2.652

2.542

2.514

2.192

2.090

2.044

1.923 1.901

€ 2.00 1.750

1.583

1.487

1.379

1.208

1.118 1.051

€ 1.00 0.827

0.672

0.633

0.628

0.577

0.560

0.555

0.512

0.494

0.493

0.475

0.454

0.327

0.291

0.286

0.285

0.222

0.188

0.175

0.173

0.166

0.143

0.126

0.105

0.090

0.072

0.063

0.059

0.058

0.053

0.052 0.053

0.049

0.048 0.047 € 0.00 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 '07 '08 '08 '08 '08 '09 '09 '09 '09 '10 '10 '10 '10 '11 '11 '11 '11 '12 '12 '12 '12 '13 '13 '13 '13 '14 '14 '14 '14 '15 '15 '15 '15 '16

Non - Group Retail Data Retail RoW Data services Eurotariff Non Eurotariff

60 BoR (16) 160

5.3.2. Wholesale prices

61 BoR (16) 160

Figure 37: Average wholesale data price per Mb (prepaid+postpaid)

2.113 EEA average

€ 2.00 1.898

€ 1.50 1.198

€ 1.00

0.596 0.562

€ 0.50 0.449

0.364

0.354

0.333

0.292

0.267

0.213

0.204

0.162

0.138

0.081

0.079

0.076

0.069

0.061

0.042

0.037

0.027

0.026

0.019

0.018

0.017

0.017 0.014 € 0.00

Wholesale roaming (inbound) Price cap

62 BoR (16) 160

Figure 38: Average wholesale data price per Mb in Q4 2015 (prepaid+postpaid)

€ 0.24

€ 0.22

€ 0.20

€ 0.18

€ 0.16

€ 0.14

€ 0.12

€ 0.10 0.093

€ 0.08

€ 0.06 0.052

0.047

0.046

0.043

0.042

0.041

0.040

0.038

0.036

0.035

0.034

0.033

0.033 0.032

€ 0.04 0.032

0.029

0.029 0.029

0.029

0.028

0.027

0.026

0.026 0.026

0.025

0.024

0.023

0.022

0.021

0.020

0.019

0.018

0.017

0.016

0.015

0.013

0.013 0.012

€ 0.02 0.011

€ 0.00

Wholesale roaming inbound Q4'13 Wholesale roaming inbound Q4'14 Wholesale roaming inbound Q4'15 Price Cap Q4 2014

63 BoR (16) 160

Figure 39: Average wholesale data price per Mb in Q1 2016 (prepaid+postpaid)

€ 0.14

€ 0.12

€ 0.10

€ 0.08 0.061

€ 0.06

0.047

0.045

0.041

0.040

0.039

0.038

0.036 0.036

€ 0.04 0.036

0.034

0.032

0.031

0.030

0.029

0.028

0.027

0.026

0.025

0.024

0.021

0.019

0.018

0.018 0.018

0.018

0.017

0.016

0.015

0.015 0.015

€ 0.02 0.015

0.014

0.013 0.013

0.013

0.012

0.011

0.009

0.008 0.007

€ 0.00

Wholesale roaming inbound Q1'14 Wholesale roaming inbound Q1'15 Wholesale roaming inbound Q1'16 Price Cap Q1 2015

64 BoR (16) 160

5.3.3. Percentage of volumes of data from alternative tariffs over total data roaming volumes

65 BoR (16) 160

Figure 40: EEA percentage of Data service: Eurotariff and Non Eurotariff 100%

90%

80%

2216.170

5181.646

2751.658

853.007

1085.668 4033.249

70% 3616.840

473.583

1799.950

2108.523

404.930

378.746

712.165

596.555 653.828 60%

50%

40%

30%

2922.273

6409.911

3326.016

951.221

1232.725 4318.775

20% 3729.889

413.262

1348.493

419.343

1569.417

449.429

269.286

228.993 398.332 10%

0% Q3 2012 Q4 2012 Q1 2013 Q2 2013 Q3 2013 Q4 2013 Q1 2014 Q2 2014 Q3 2014 Q4 2014 Q1 2015 Q2 2015 Q3 2015 Q4 2015 Q1 2016

Data services - non Eurotariff Data services - Eurotariff

66 BoR (16) 160

5.3.4. Volumes of retail data services

67 BoR (16) 160

Figure 41: Retail data traffic Index (prepaid+postpaid) Q4 2015 (Q4 2008 = 100) 45,000

40,000 38365.620

35,000

32870.437 32213.524

30,000 27066.980

25,000

20431.467

20150.543 20051.126

20,000

18215.673

17202.818 15741.500

15,000

13135.129

13040.343

11619.654

11305.936

10932.699

9684.112

9064.017 8757.242

10,000 8697.342

7959.457

7832.157

7474.075

7290.520

6777.350

6249.245

5930.807

5731.045

5481.483

5473.872

5329.995

5315.204

4963.232

4718.199

4491.996

4386.178

4167.607

4157.929

3999.991

3812.983

3648.537 3625.151

5,000 3353.766

3248.541

3235.529

3007.346

2985.454

2888.247

2885.739

2847.637

2727.629

2652.683

2585.987

2170.347

2149.243

2038.589

1831.763

1809.935

1807.894

1688.723

1539.688

1374.673

1177.514

1070.415

672.148

576.474 248.205 0

Q4 '13 Q4 '14 Q4 '15

Liechtenstein based on Q4 2012 = 100 and Croatia based on Q4 2013 = 100, Malta: one of the operators was not able to submit data on post-paid volumes

68 BoR (16) 160

Figure 42: Retail data traffic Index (prepaid+postpaid) Q1 2016 (Q1 2008 = 100)

60,000 56044.463

55,000 54330.019

50,000

45,000 44427.280 40661.156

40,000 37883.295

35,000

32488.194

30533.150

29995.357

29972.261 29380.144 30,000 28677.089

25,000 24566.085

21793.942

21573.381 21550.642

20,000 17722.621

17220.098

17125.307

16701.312

15343.482

15330.746 13298.613

15,000 12850.560

12430.503

12129.938

12085.944

11695.418

11552.418

11325.065

10795.443

10607.221

9889.052

9557.951

8943.745

8348.693 7996.920

10,000 7968.458

7222.030

7059.981

6729.021

6538.235

6522.345

6440.769

6349.634

6046.460

5938.076

5471.135

5116.235

5086.608

4552.701

4468.610

4114.818

3948.106

3311.563

3072.945

3038.299

3030.085 3003.497

5,000 2859.492

2424.712

2147.615

1416.229

1265.609

711.137

659.342 250.205 0

Q1 '14 Q1 '15 Q1 '16

Switzerland based on Q1 2009 = 100, Liechtenstein based on Q1 2013 = 100 and Croatia based on Q1 2014 = 100, Malta: one of the operators was not able to submit data on post-paid volumes

69 BoR (16) 160

5.4. Wholesale roaming (outbound): Agreements applying Article 3 of the Roaming Regulation

70 BoR (16) 160

Figure 43: Wholesale averages outbound roaming: Voice: Agreements applying Article 3 Roaming Regulation € 0.18

€ 0.16 0.167 0.159

€ 0.14 0.146

0.130 € 0.12 0.128 0.121

€ 0.10 0.108 0.102

€ 0.08 0.082

0.070 € 0.06 0.065

0.052 € 0.04

€ 0.02

€ 0.00 Q2'13 Q3'13 Q4'13 Q1'14 Q2'14 Q3'14 Q4'14 Q1'15 Q2'15 Q3'15 Q4'15 Q1'16

price per actual min EU/EEA Price Cap

71 BoR (16) 160

Figure 44: Wholesale averages outbound roaming: SMS Agreements applying Article 3 Roaming Regulation 0.05 €

0.05 €

0.043 0.04 € 0.040 0.038 0.04 € 0.036 0.035

0.03 € 0.031

0.03 € 0.026 0.026

0.023 0.023 0.02 € 0.022 0.019 0.02 €

0.01 €

0.00 € Q2'13 Q3'13 Q4'13 Q1'14 Q2'14 Q3'14 Q4'14 Q1'15 Q2'15 Q3'15 Q4'15 Q1'16

Price per SMS EU/EEA Price Cap

72 BoR (16) 160

Figure 45: Wholesale EEA average outbound roaming: DATA, Agreements applying Article 3 Roaming Regulation €0.25

€0.20 0.211

€0.15

0.137 0.125 0.125

€0.10 0.111 0.095

0.080 0.071 €0.05 0.046

0.030 0.028 0.030

€0.00 Q2'13 Q3'13 Q4'13 Q1'14 Q2'14 Q3'14 Q4'14 Q1'15 Q2'15 Q3'15 Q4'15 Q1'16

Price per MB - EU/EEA Price Cap

73 BoR (16) 160

List of respondents Operators that provided data for the period 1 October 2015 – 31 March 2016: Denmark Austria Hi3G Denmark A1 Telekom Austria TDC ATK Telenor HoT Telekom TeliaDanmark Hutchison 3G Austria Lycamobile Estonia Mass Response AS EMT Russmedia Elisa Eesti Tele2 OÜ Top Connect T-Mobile Austria TELE 2 Eesti

Belgium Finland Belgacom Mobile Ålands Telekommunikation KPN Group Belgium (Base DNA Orange Belgium Elisa Corporation TeliaSonera Finland Bulgaria Bulgarian Telecommunication Company France (Vivacom) SFR Telenor Bulgaria Bouygues Telecom Mobiltel Orange Caraïbe Orange France Croatia Free Mobile Hrvatski Telekom EI Telecom Vipnet Lycamobile Tele2 SRR

Cyprus Germany Cyta Telefónica Germany MTN Cyprus Telekom Deutschland Primetel Vodafone D2

Czech Republic Greece O2 Family COSMOTE Mobile Moraviatel Vodafone Panafon ČEZ Prodej Wind HellasTelecommunications DH Telecom CYTA Hellas O2 Czech Republic Relax Mobil Hungary SAZKA Telenor Magyarország TERMS T-Mobile Tesco Mobile ČR Vodafone Magyarorszá T-Mobile Czech Republic UPC Vodafone Czech Republic

BoR (16) 160

Iceland Luxembourg Online Mobile Nova Transatel Lux. Síminn Vodafone Iceland Malta Melita Mobile Ireland Mobisle Communications (GO Mobile) Eircom Limited/E Mobile Vodafone Malta Hutchison 3G Ireland Meteor Mobile Communications Netherlands Tesco Mobile Ireland KPN Vodafone Ireland Lebara Lycamobile Distribution Italy Tele2 Netherlands Telecom Italia T-Mobile Netherlands Vodafone Vodafone Libertel WIND H3G Norway Poste Mobile Telenor Fastweb Tel Tiscali Phonero ERG Mobile Lyca Digi Italy GREE ICN Poland Lyca Mobile P4 Polkomtel Latvia T-Mobile Polska Bite Latvia Orange Polska LatvijasMobilaisTelefons Tele2 Portugal CTT – Correios de Portugal Liechtenstein NOS Comunicações, S.A Datamobile MEO – Serviços de Comunicações e Salt (Liechtenstein) Multimédia,S.A. Telecom Liechtenstein Vodafone Portugal – Comunicações Swisscom (Schweiz) Pessoais.S.A. LycaMobile Portugal,Lda Lithuania Mundio Mobile (Portugal) Limited BitėLietuva Eurocom Romania Omnitel Telekom RMC Tele2 Orange Romania Teledema RCS&RDS Vodafone Romania Luxembourg Telekom RC Entreprise des postes et télécommunications Post Télécom Slovak Republic Tango O2 Slovakia Orange Communications Luxembourg Orange Slovensko

75 BoR (16) 160

Slovak Telekom

SWAN Mobile

Slovenia

Debitel

Izi mobil Si.mobil T-2 Telekom Slovenije Telemach Tušmobil

Spain Euskaltel Orange TelefónicaMóviles de España Vodafone Yoigo

Sweden Hi3G Access Telenor Sverige TeliaSonera Tele2 Sverige

Switzerland Orange Communications Sunrise Communications Swisscom (Schweiz)

United Kingdom 3 UK O2 UK Everything Everywhere Vodafone UK Tesco Mobile Virgin Mobil