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1 Women in Search of Peace
WWomenomen iinn SSearchearch ooff PPeaceeace 1 2 WWomenomen iinn SSearchearch ooff PPeaceeace Cultural-Humanitarian Foundation “Sukhumi” Ekaterine Gamakharia Women in Search of Peace The Perspectives of the Women of Georgia on Peaceful Future Concluding document of the joint project of Cultural-Humanitarian Fund “Sukhumi“ (Kutaisi) and Association of Women of Abkhazia (Sukhum/i) z Published with the support of Swedish International Women’s Organization KVINNA TILL KVINNA KUTAISI 2012 4 About the Author The main focus of Ekaterine Gamakharia’s work is on human rights, particularly those of women and of internally displaced people (IDPs). Ekaterine Gamakharia is a participant of a number of national and international conferences, trainings and seminars on women’s rights, confl ict resolution and peace-building. Her fi rst employment was with Cultural Humanitarian Fund “Sukhumi”. In 2000-2006 she was the Director of the Women’s Rights Protection Division there. She still continues to work for Fund “Sukhumi” as a consultant. In 2006 Ekaterine Gamakharia was awarded the John Smith Memorial Trust Fellowship to study democratic institutions in Great Britain. In 2006-2007 she was awarded Edmund Muskie Fellowship to study international human rights law in the US. In 2006-2007 she completed her Master’s Degree in the International Human Rights Law at Indiana University, US. In 2007-2008 she worked as a National Consultant on IDP issues for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Tbilisi, Georgia. Since 2008 she has lived in Baku working as a freelance consultant and trainer for various NGOs. Ekaterine Gamakharia is the author of analytic reports, books and manuals: “The Role of Women in Peace Building”, “Women at the Negotiation Table”, “The Road to Peace”, “Phenomenon of Women’s Leadership”, “Gender and Political Parties”, “Local Government and Gender”. -
Georgia Transport Sector Assessment, Strategy, and Road Map
Georgia Transport Sector Assessment, Strategy, and Road Map The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is preparing sector assessments and road maps to help align future ADB support with the needs and strategies of developing member countries and other development partners. The transport sector assessment of Georgia is a working document that helps inform the development of country partnership strategy. It highlights the development issues, needs and strategic assistance priorities of the transport sector in Georgia. The knowledge product serves as a basis for further dialogue on how ADB and the government can work together to tackle the challenges of managing transport sector development in Georgia in the coming years. About the Asian Development Bank ADB’s vision is an Asia and Pacific region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its developing member countries reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people. Despite the region’s many successes, it remains home to two-thirds of the world’s poor: 1.7 billion people who live on less than $2 a day, with 828 million struggling on less than $1.25 a day. Georgia Transport Sector ADB is committed to reducing poverty through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration. Based in Manila, ADB is owned by 67 members, including 48 from the region. Its main Assessment, Strategy, instruments for helping its developing member countries are policy dialogue, loans, equity investments, guarantees, grants, and technical assistance. and Road Map TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS. Georgia. 2014 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines www.adb.org Printed in the Philippines Georgia Transport Sector Assessment, Strategy, and Road Map © 2014 Asian Development Bank All rights reserved. -
Law of Georgia Tax Code of Georgia
LAW OF GEORGIA TAX CODE OF GEORGIA SECTION I GENERAL PROVISIONS Chapter I - Georgian Tax System Article 1 - Scope of regulation In accordance with the Constitution of Georgia, this Code sets forth the general principles of formation and operation of the tax system of Georgia, governs the legal relations involved in the movement of passengers, goods and vehicles across the customs border of Georgia, determines the legal status of persons, tax payers and competent authorities involved in legal relations, determines the types of tax offences, the liability for violating the tax legislation of Georgia, the terms and conditions for appealing wrongful acts of competent authorities and of their officials, lays down procedures for settling tax disputes, and governs the legal relations connected with the fulfilment of tax liabilities. Law of Georgia No 5942 of 27 March 2012 - website, 12.4.2012 Article 2 - Tax legislation of Georgia 1. The tax legislation of Georgia comprises the Constitution of Georgia, international treaties and agreements, this Code and subordinate normative acts adopted in compliance with them. 2. The tax legislation of Georgia in effect at the moment when tax liability arises shall be used for taxation. 3. The Government of Georgia or the Minister for Finance of Georgia shall adopt/issue subordinate normative acts for enforcing this Code. 4. (Deleted - No 1886, 26.12.2013) 5. To enforce the tax legislation of Georgia, the head of the Legal Entity under Public Law (LEPL) within the Ministry for Finance of Georgia - the Revenue Service (‘the Revenue Service’) shall issue orders, internal instructions and guidelines on application of the tax legislation of Georgia by tax authorities. -
Cultural-Humanitarian Fund “Sukhumi”
Cultural -Humanitarian Fund “Sukhumi” (The results of the rapid assessment conducted by the Fund “Sukhumi” in its target regions) Ekaterine Gamakharia Fund “Sukhumi” 5/1/2020 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 1. Methodology and Demographics ............................................................................................................. 3 2. Key Findings .............................................................................................................................................. 4 2.1. Negative Impact of Covid-19 on the People’s Lives .......................................................................... 4 2.2. Covid-19 Impact on Gender Roles – Unequal Distribution of the Household Responsibilities ........ 5 2.3. Covid-19 Impact on Economic Security............................................................................................. 6 2.4. Covid-19 Impact on the Possibility to Receive Education ................................................................. 8 2.5. Covid-19 Impact on the Physical Safety of Women – Increased Domestic Violence ....................... 9 2.6. Covid-19 Impact on Food Security .................................................................................................. 11 2.7. Covid-19 Impact on Health Security ................................................................................................ 12 2.8. Covid-19 Impact on -
Georgia/Abkhazia
HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH ARMS PROJECT HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH/HELSINKI March 1995 Vol. 7, No. 7 GEORGIA/ABKHAZIA: VIOLATIONS OF THE LAWS OF WAR AND RUSSIA'S ROLE IN THE CONFLICT CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................................................................5 EVOLUTION OF THE WAR.......................................................................................................................................6 The Role of the Russian Federation in the Conflict.........................................................................................7 RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................................................8 To the Government of the Republic of Georgia ..............................................................................................8 To the Commanders of the Abkhaz Forces .....................................................................................................8 To the Government of the Russian Federation................................................................................................8 To the Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus...........................................................................9 To the United Nations .....................................................................................................................................9 To the Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe..........................................................................9 -
Analyzing the Russian Way of War Evidence from the 2008 Conflict with Georgia
Analyzing the Russian Way of War Evidence from the 2008 Conflict with Georgia Lionel Beehner A Contemporary Battlefield Assessment Liam Collins by the Modern War Institute Steve Ferenzi Robert Person Aaron Brantly March 20, 2018 Analyzing the Russian Way of War: Evidence from the 2008 Conflict with Georgia Contents Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 9 Chapter I – History of Bad Blood ................................................................................................................ 13 Rose-Colored Glasses .............................................................................................................................. 16 Chapter II – Russian Grand Strategy in Context of the 2008 Russia-Georgia War ................................... 21 Russia’s Ends ........................................................................................................................................... 22 Russia’s Means ........................................................................................................................................ 23 Russia’s Ways ......................................................................................................................................... -
Georgia Focus Group Research
A PROJECT OF THE INTERNATIONAL REPUBLICAN INSTITUTE GEORGIA FOCUS GROUP RESEARCH QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC OPINION TRENDS FOLLOWING THE 2020 PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS GEORGIA FOCUS GROUP RESEARCH QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC OPINION TRENDS FOLLOWING THE 2020 PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS Center for Insights in Survey Research IRI.org @IRIglobal © 2021 All Rights Reserved Georgia Focus Group Research: Qualitative Analysis of Public Opinion Trends Following the 2020 Parliamentary Elections Copyright © 2021 International Republican Institute. All rights reserved. Permission Statement: No part of this work may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without the written permission of the International Republican Institute. Requests for permission should include the following information: • The title of the document for which permission to copy material is desired. • A description of the material for which permission to copy is desired. • The purpose for which the copied material will be used and the manner in which it will be used. • Your name, title, company or organization name, telephone number, fax number, e-mail address and mailing address. Please send all requests for permission to: Attn: Department of External Affairs International Republican Institute 1225 Eye Street NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20005 [email protected] IRI | Georgia - Focus Group Research Following 2020 Elections 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In April 2021, IPM Market Intelligence Caucasus, on Key Findings behalf of the International Republican Institute’s (IRI) Center for Insights in Survey Research, conducted a — Participants do not see a way out of the political qualitative study of public attitudes toward the 2020 crisis and are frustrated by the inability of the ruling parliamentary elections and recent political events in party and opposition to engage in constructive Georgia. -
Evaluation of the Hepatitis C Care Cascade in the Country of Georgia: Monitoring Progress Towards Elimination
IVHEM 2019. November 22-23, 2019, Amsterdam EVALUATION OF THE HEPATITIS C CARE CASCADE IN THE COUNTRY OF GEORGIA: MONITORING PROGRESS TOWARDS ELIMINATION Tengiz Tsertsvadze,1,2 Amiran Gamkrelidze,3 Nikoloz Chkhartishvili,1 Akaki Abutidze,1 Lali Sharvadze,2,4 Maia Butsashvili,5 David Metreveli,6 Lia Gvinjilia,7 Shaun Shadaker,8 Muazzam Nasrullah,8 Tamar Gabunia, 9 Ekaterine Adamia,9 Stefan Zeuzem,10 Nezam Afdhal,11 Sanjeev Arora,12 Karla Thornton,12 Francisco Averhoff8 1Infectious Diseases, AIDS and Clinical Immunology Research Center, Tbilisi, Georgia; 2Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia; 3National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia; 4Hepatology clinic HEPA, Tbilisi, Georgia; 5Health Research Union, Tbilisi, Georgia; 6Medical Center Mrcheveli, Tbilisi, Georgia; 7CDC Foundation, Tbilisi, Georgia; 8Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Viral Hepatitis National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD&TB Prevention, Atlanta, USA; 9Ministry of IDPs, Labour, Health and Social Affairs of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia; 10Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany; 11Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Liver Center, Boston, USA; 12University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA Infectious Diseases, AIDS and Clinical Immunology Research Center Disclosure No relevant financial relationship exists Infectious Diseases, AIDS and Clinical Immunology Research Center 12 COUNTRIES WORLDWIDE ON TRACK TO ELIMINATE HEPATITIS C INFECTION BY 2030 Georgia’s HCV elimination program builds on delivering -
UNICEF Georgia COVID-19 Situation Report
UNICEF Georgia COVID-19 Situation Report 20 November 2020 HIGHLIGHTS SITUATION IN NUMBERS • World Children’s Day, 20 November 2020, was celebrated this week. The UNICEF Representative made a video address from Akhalkalaki, where he met 96,860 Confirmed cases with children and young people to discuss the challenges they are experiencing, as well as their vision for the future; And UNICEF National Ambassador Nikoloz Rachveli, called on Government, private sector and civil society to unite for 894 children in these challenging times - For more information, please see WEEKLY Confirmed deaths FOCUS on page 4. • UNICEF, with financial support from USAID, launched a new initiative to 1,327 enhance COVID-19 related risk communication among young people. Child (<18 years) cases • UNICEF’s partner, Children of Georgia (CoG), provided online psychological support to 410 children and 329 caregivers in small group homes and foster care through group and individual sessions. 2,226 • UNICEF’s partner, Adjara Organization of Georgia Scout’s Movement, provided Quarantined training on COVID-19 prevention measures to 415 students in 10 rural public schools in Adjara region. • UNICEF’s partner, Global Initiative in Psychiatry (GIP) continued online training Abkhazia sessions on psychosocial issues for students and teachers of Adjara and Gori Confirmed cases – 5,278 public schools reaching 952 students and 134 teachers. Confirmed deaths – 67 • UNICEF delivered agricultural equipment to 78 households, reaching 251 children and 212 adults in Abkhazia region. UNICEF funding gap • UNICEF provided food parcels, hygiene supplies and basic medical kits to 398 US$ 1,841,399 (42%) families in need, including 2,231 children and 989 adults in the Abkhazia region. -
The Red Cross Society of Georgia
The Red Cross Society of Georgia Founded: 1918 Members: 10,200 (2005) Volunteers: 1,050 (2005) Staff: 61 (2005) Expenditure: 208,887 GEL 146,708 CHF (January-July, 2005) 1. Foundation Mission In 2003, the Red Cross Society of Georgia adopted a new mission and vision, which convey the essence of the organisation’s existence, its values and aspirations to improve the lives of vulnerable people. The mission of the Red Cross Society of Georgia is ‘to assist vulnerable people in coping with the effects of emergencies and socio-economic crisis by mobilizing the power of humanity and ensuring appropriate means and services to protect human life and dignity’. Its vision is to become ‘a strong and well-functioning national society, responsive to and focused on the vulnerable, with efficient services in line with international standards and promoting creation of an environment that is free from poverty, violence and prejudice’. The focus and priorities of the national society’s work are detailed in the national society strategy paper for 2004-2005, which is now being revisited and adjusted based on the analysis of internal and external environment. The objective is to establish a relevant and pragmatic plan, which will guide the national society over the coming four years (2006-2009). Legal base The Red Cross Society of Georgia was formally recognized under the former Soviet structure and, after independence, by presidential decree in 1993. The Red Cross law was passed by the parliament in 1997. The same year, the national society became a member of the International Federation. The Georgian Red Cross statutes were revised to distinguish between governance and management functions and to ensure compliance with the national legislation and the Federation’s minimum requirements. -
Kutaisi Investment Catalogue
Kutaisi has always been attractive for innovative projects with its historic and cultural importance. In order to succeed, any business must have a stable and reliable environment, and it can be eagerly said that our city is a springboard for it. An investor thinks what kind of comfort he or she will have with us. Kutaisi is ready to share examples of successful models of the world and promote business development. Giorgi Chigvaria Mayor of Kutaisi 1 Contact Information City Hall of Kutaisi Municipality Rustaveli Avenue 3, Kutaisi. George Giorgobiani [Position] Mobile: +995 551 583158 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.kutaisi.gov.ge Imereti Regional Chamber of Commerce and Industry Emzar Gvinianidze Rustaveli Avenue 124, Kutaisi. Phone: +995 431 271400/271401 Mobile: +995 577 445484/597 445484 Email: [email protected] / [email protected] Disclaimer: This catalogue is prepared by international expert Irakli Matkava with support of the USAID Good Governance Initiative (GGI). The author’s views expressed in the publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Agency for International Development, GGI or the US Government. 2 What can Kutaisi offer? Business development opportunities - Kutaisi is the main of western Georgia offering access to a market of 900,000 customers, low property prices and labour costs, and multimodal transport infrastructure that is also being upgraded and expanded. Infrastructure projects for business development - Up to 1 billion GEL is being spent on the modernization of the city’s infrastructure, enabling Kutaisi to become a city of with international trade and transit role and markedly boosting its tourism potential. -
Regulation of Hydropower
Regulation of Hydropower Electricity Department Nugzar Beridze Kentucky, May 2010 Hydro Resources - There are 26,000 rivers in Georgia with the overall length of 60 thousand km and the annual runoff of 65.8 cubic km (including 49.7 cubic km in Western Georgia and 16.1 cubic km in Eastern Georgia) - 319 of those rivers can be used to produce electricity - Total potential generating capacity is 15,000 MW - Potential output is 50 billion KWh annually - There is 1,943 KWh hydropower per each square km of Georgian territory Existing Hydropower Capacities • By 1990, the installed capacity of all existing power plants in Georgia was 4,388 MW; the capacity of HPPs was 2,674 MW or 61% of total installed capacity • According to 2009 data, the installed capacity of all existing power plants was 3,449.3 MW, while the capacity of HPPs was 2,623.3 MW or 76% of total installed capacity • In 1989, HPPs were responsible for 43% of the total production, while in 2009 this indicator grew to 88.4%. • The number of annual operating hours is about 3,500-5,500; Engurhesi • Located underground – hydroelectric power plant of seasonal regulation • Reservoir – 1,100 million m3 • Installed capacity – 1,300 MW • Units - 5 X 260 MW • Estimated annual output – 4,330 million KWh • Average annual output – 3,000 million KWh • The government holds 100% of shares • Specific usage of water resources – • Put into operation in 1978 1.21 m3/KWh • Derivative type (located by the dam) • Average annual water runoff – 4,888 • Design head– 325 m million m3 • Design charge– 450 m3/sec