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Aleutian World War II National Historic Area 2012 Calendar
AleutiAnAleutiAn World World WAr WAr ii ii nAtionAlnAtionAl Historic Historic AreA AreA 2012 calendar uring World War II the remote Aleutian Islands, home to the Unanga^x Alaska Affiliated Areas � (Aleut people) for over 8,000 years, became one of the fiercely contested 240 West 5th Ave � battlegrounds of the Pacific. This thousand- mile- long archipelago saw the first Anchorage, Alaska 99501 � invasion of American soil since the War of 1812, a mass internment of American (907) 644-3503 civilians, a 15- month air war, and one of the deadliest battles in the Pacific Theatre. Ounalashka Corporation This Page: “High above, over a true D P.O. Box 149 � ‘home of the brave,’ the floating folds of In 1996 Congress designated the Aleutian World War II National Historic Unalaska, Alaska 99685 � the Star Spangled Banner symbolize the American way of life to soldiers in training Area to interpret, educate, and inspire present and future generations about for the battles that will bring freedom to the history of the Unangan and the Aleutian Islands in the defense of the Visitor Information (907) 581-1276 an unhappy, wartorn world, Fort Knox, United States in World War II. In a unique arrangement, the Aleutian World Visitor Center (907) 581-9944 Kentucky.” June 1942. Library of Congress, War II National Historic Area and visitor center are owned and managed by LC-USW36-4. the Ounalashka Corporation (the village corporation for Unalaska) and the National Park Service provides them with technical assistance. Through this Front Cover: “Crash Landing” (P-38, Adak Below: Commander Innis entering Aerology cooperative partnership, the Unangax are the keepers of their history and Island) by Ogden Pleissner. -
History of Ukrainian Statehood: ХХ- the Beginning of the ХХІ Century
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF LIFE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE OF UKRAINE FACULTY OF THE HUMANITIES AND PEDAGOGY Department of History and Political Sciences N. KRAVCHENKO History of Ukrainian Statehood: ХХ- the beginning of the ХХІ century Textbook for students of English-speaking groups Kyiv 2017 UDК 93/94 (477) BBК: 63.3 (4 Укр) К 77 Recommended for publication by the Academic Council of the National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine (Protocol № 3, on October 25, 2017). Reviewers: Kostylyeva Svitlana Oleksandrivna, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of History of the National Technical University of Ukraine «Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»; Vyhovskyi Mykola Yuriiovych, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Faculty of Historical Education of the National Pedagogical Drahomanov University Вilan Serhii Oleksiiovych, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of History and Political Sciences of the National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine. Аristova Natalia Oleksandrivna, Doctor of Pedagogic Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of English Philology of the National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine. Author: PhD, Associate Professor Nataliia Borysivna Kravchenko К 77 Kravchenko N. B. History of Ukrainian Statehood: ХХ - the beginning of the ХХІ century. Textbook for students of English-speaking groups. / Kravchenko N. B. – Куiv: Еditing and Publishing Division NUBiP of Ukraine, 2017. – 412 р. ISBN 978-617-7396-79-5 The textbook-reference covers the historical development of Ukraine Statehood in the ХХ- at the beginning of the ХХІ century. The composition contains materials for lectures, seminars and self-study. It has general provisions, scientific and reference materials - personalities, chronology, terminology, documents and manual - set of tests, projects and recommended literature. -
1941: Operation “Barbarossa” German Minister of Propaganda Joseph
1941: Operation “Barbarossa” German Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels makes a radio announcement about the war with the USSR (June 22, 1941): People in Moscow are listening to the war announcement, stunned (June 22, 1941): The largest invasion in human history begins. 4 million men supported by 600,000 vehicles and 750,000 horses attacked 3,000 kilometer-long front line. Photo: German soldiers crossing the USSR border (June 22, 1941): The German attack was a complete surprise, and initial Soviet losses were catastrophic. After the first 9 days of war the Luftwaffe destroyed 1,400 Soviet airplanes in the air and 3,200 on the ground (40% of the entire USSR air force), while losing only 330 aircraft. Photo: Russian I-16 fighters destroyed at the airport near Minsk, Belarus (June, 1941): By mid-August, the Soviets had lost 3,300 tanks, while the Germans lost 220, an astonishing 15:1 ratio. Photo: Russian BT-2 tank and its dead crew (July, 1941): But the most devastating were human losses. By December of 1941, the USSR had lost 2.7 million soldiers killed and 3.3 million captured – its entire pre-war army. For every German soldier lost, the Soviets lost 20. Photo: Soviet soldiers surrendering (Belarus, July 1941): The German tanks were unstoppable. During the first 7 days of the invasion they penetrated 300 km into the Soviet territory - 1/3 distance to Moscow: "Blitzkrieg" was going well. German soldiers were having fun. Photo: a German soldier posing on a Stalin's head: But eventually the Soviets recovered from the shock, their resistance stiffened and German losses started piling up. -
Ryan Bowman Interpretations of WWII Soviet Propaganda Posters
Ryan Bowman Interpretations of WWII Soviet Propaganda Posters SES 373 5/1/15 0 Sevastopol Factory Worker “We will take your place!” It was hard now for Olenka to remember his face, her darling husband Vasily. She remembered clearly the day he had left. She remembered how fresh and strong he had looked in his army uniform, even if his face was now fading from memory. She remembered prying little Ivan off his father’s leg, and making her own face a mask of stoicism to comfort the young boy. She was crying too though, on the inside. Once he was gone she found herself more and more anxious alone at home. Simple tasks which had before been routine, such as washing the clothes or sweeping the floor, now seemed pointless and painful. All she could think about was Vasily bravely facing the invaders, while she was stuck at home rinsing dishes. And the news We will take your place! from the front was not good, Olenka worried a lot. As time went on things got harder, food became scarcer as rationing went into effect, they had to drape great black curtains over the window so the bombers couldn’t find them. She was losing her mind suffering alone at home during the days. So she had jumped at the opportunity to work in the factories. She could still remember the poster that was on the wall behind the desk in the hiring office. A strong 1 woman gazing fiercely towards the front, donned in heavy factory clothes, as the masses of red soldiers marched behind her. -
The Oxford History of Modern War
THE OXFORD HISTORY OF MODERN WAR CHARLES TOWNSHEND Editor OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS THE OXFORD HISTORY OF MODERN WAR the editor CHARLES TOWNSHEND is Professor of International History, Keele University. THE OXFORD HISTORY OF MODERN WAR edited by CHARLES TOWNSHEND 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Athens Auckland Bangkok Bogotá Buenos Aires Calcutta Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Florence Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Paris São Paulo Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Warsaw with associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Oxford University Press 2000 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (makers) The text of this volume first published 1997 in The Oxford Illustrated History of Modern War First issued as The Oxford History of Modern War 2000 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquiror British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available ISBN 0–19–285373–2 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 Typeset by Cambrian Typesetters, Frimley, Surrey Printed in Great Britain by Cox & Wyman Ltd. -
How to Blunt a Blitzkrieg (1943)
vol. III . No. 8 Z7 Jan. 1945 RESTRICTED ETO U.S. ARMY after.casualties were three, caused by 'mines .the town was captured." * * * "Troops must learn . to report and ask for counterfires against observed enemy weapons, even though not directed at them. The Germans often cross the fires of their artillery, mortars, machine guns and direct fire weapons. Men must realize that good teamwork in reporting them will assist the "When we emplace machine guns on entire advance ." the ground floors of buildings to deliver * * * * grazing fire, we put them well back in the "If we approached a village and saw the room to hide the flash and muzzle blast, citizens proceeding with normal daily row- and place chickenwire over the ground t, we felt sure the enemy was not floor windows to stop grenades ." defending. If the people were indoors and * * * * quiet, it was a sure indication the enemy `With our mortars we use 66mm high was prepared to defend ." explosive and illuminating shells alternately. * * * * The Jerries face in position when the illuminating shells arc fired and heavy "When our supporting artillery fire lifted, casualties can sometime be inflicted with bazookas were used to give the impression the following round of HE." of continued artillery fire. This enabled * * * the infantry to move else to the enemy "We operate a tire, repair section to our positions without receiving small arms fire. " regimental motor park which repairs tires * * * * and tubes that cannot be repaired by :drivers. three days the section repaired it i tubes. "A wire reel attached to a cub airplane was The section is also responsible for evacuating used in Italy to lay wire quickly owe difficult tires and tubes which it cannot repair to terrain. -
Grand Chamber Decision
GRAND CHAMBER CASE OF UKRAINE v. RUSSIA (RE CRIMEA) (Applications nos. 20958/14 and 38334/18) DECISION STRASBOURG 14 January 2021 UKRAINE v. RUSSIA (RE CRIMEA) DECISION TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.......................................................................8 PROCEDURE................................................................................................9 THE FACTS ................................................................................................12 I. THE APPLICANT GOVERNMENT...............................................12 A. Evidentiary material submitted by the applicant Government..............12 1. Witness statements .........................................................................13 2. Official documents emanating from the Ukrainian national authorities .......................................................................................15 3. Various other documents................................................................17 4. CCTV footage and other visual materials ......................................19 B. The facts of the case as submitted by the applicant Government .........20 1. The evidence of effective control ...................................................20 (a) Background..............................................................................20 (b) Seizure of control over Crimea (26 and 27 February 2014)....22 (c) The immediate aftermath of the “invasion”.............................24 (d) Consolidation of control over Crimea (1 to 16 March 2014) ..26 -
The Russian Aeronautical Collection Finding Aid
The Russian Aeronautical Collection Finding Aid Tyler Love 2014 National Air and Space Museum Archives 14390 Air & Space Museum Parkway Chantilly, VA 20151 [email protected] https://airandspace.si.edu/archives Table of Contents Collection Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Information .............................................................................................. 1 Biographical / Historical.................................................................................................... 2 Arrangement..................................................................................................................... 2 Scope and Contents........................................................................................................ 2 Names and Subjects ...................................................................................................... 3 Container Listing ............................................................................................................. 4 Series 1: Imperial Russia (1885-1917), 1876-2002................................................. 4 Series 2: Soviet Union (Interwar Years, 1918-1940), 1917-2005........................... 34 Series 3: Soviet Union (World War II, 1941-1945), 1912-2004.............................. 58 Series 4: Soviet Union and Russia (post World War II, 1946-Onwards), 1950-2004.............................................................................................................. -
Allies in Wartime : the Alaska-Siberia Airway During World War II
Allies in Wartime The Alaska-Siberia Airway During World War II Whereas the Governments of the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics declare that they are engaged in a cooperative undertaking, together with every other nation or people of like mind, to the end of laying the bases of a just and enduring world peace securing order under law to themselves and all nations… — Washington, D.C., June 11, 1942 Edited by Alexander B. Dolitsky Published by Alaska-Siberia Research Center P.O. Box 34871 Juneau, Alaska 99803 Publication No. 13 www.aksrc.org ©AKSRC 2007 Allies in Wartime Copyright © 2007 by the Alaska-Siberia Research Center (AKSRC) All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, e-mail, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright holder. First Edition Front Cover: WWII Alaska-Siberia Lend-Lease Memorial, Fairbanks, Alaska, © AKSRC 2006. Project of the Alaska-Siberia Research Center; www.aksrc.org; 907-789-3854. Project Manager: Alexander B. Dolitsky. Photo by Richard T. Wallen, Sculptor. Back Cover: Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) Shirley Slade on the cover of Life magazine, July 19, 1943. Life® used by permission of Life, Inc. The war poster, “Do the job he left behind,” courtesy of the University of Minnesota Libraries, Manuscripts Division. Printed and bound by Amica, Inc., Kent, WA, U.S.A. Printed in China General Editor and Production Manager: Alexander B. Dolitsky General Copy Editor: Liz Dodd, IDTC Copy Editor: Kathy Kolkhorst Ruddy Consultants/Historians: Ilya Grinberg, Blake Smith, William Ruddy, Robert Price Cartographer: Brad Slama, Slama Design, Inc. -
Introduction to the United States Air Force
Introduction to the United States Air Force B. CHANCE SALTZMAN, Capt, USAF and THOMAS R. SEARLE Airpower Research Institute, College of Aerospace Doctrine, Research and Education, and Air University Press Maxwell AFB, Alabama 2001 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author, and do not necessarily rep- resent the views of Air University, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public release: distribution unlimited. ii Foreword The initial concept of the Introduction to the United States Air Force was to facilitate the process of learning how the US Air Force became what it is today: The most powerful mil- itary force in the history of the world. And as our Air Force continues to grow, so will this “primer.” I wish to thank Tom Searle at CADRE for giving me the opportunity to help him update this introduction from an “end-user” point of view. This revised edition will take the student up to the twenty-first century by including some recent operations, aircraft, and sig- nificant personalities that were not included in the 1999 edition. Additionally, the 1999 edi- tion included separate sections on significant operations and personalities but in this revised edition operations and personalities have been merged and organized chronologically to better match the needs of AS200. The original organization of the section on aerospace craft has been retained to show the unique developments of each of the different types of plat- forms. For ROTC AS200 instructors: This book is intended to supplement The Concise History of the United States Air Force which is currently being used in the AS200 curriculum. -
Pipeline to Russia : the Alaska-Siberia Air Route In
I 29.2:R 92 PIPELINE TO RUSSIA THE ALAS KA-SIBERIA AIR ROUTE IN WORLD WAR II Edited by Alexander B. Dolitsky ykrasnoya^ V^irensK 3WoK^ns'< Yakutsk L I i ( ak°r V ovrr'^ \C Vsey^cha0 idan^Ny.Orr'O^0 YlarW>v0 Fairbanks Batson take ortHe\son >!L F ^"\port st Jc Dutch Great Falls ft -r. The National Park Service preserves unimpaired the natural and cultural resources and values of the National Park System for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this andfuture generations. Pipeline to Russia The Alaska-Siberia Air Route in World War II Whereas the Governments of the United States ofAmerica and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics declare that they are engaged in a cooperative undertaking, together with every other nation or people of like mind, to the end of laying the bases of a just and enduring world peace, securing order under law to themselves and all nations. — Washington, D.C., June 11, 1942 Edited by Alexander B. Dolitsky Published by r FLARE I Alaska Affiliated Areas Program National Park Service Anchorage, Alaska 2016 Pipeline to Russia <xx><x>o<>o<c>o<x><><>c<><x><>c><><x><c>c<>o<><x><x><x>^^ Alaska Affiliated Areas Program, NPS, Anchorage, Alaska 2016 All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, e-mail, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher and the copyright holders. First Edition Front Cover: Soviet and American pilots near a P-63 KingCobra in Nome, 1944, with the background of the Alaska-Siberia Air Route map. -
Abbreviations Used in the Soviet Transports Database - Сокращения (January 2021)
Abbreviations used in the Soviet Transports database - Сокращения (January 2021) AB aviabaza air base add addition (additional) - дополнение (дополнительно) addd aviatsionnaya diviziya dalnego deistviya bomber group (heavy) adon aviadiviziya osobogo naznacheniya special purpose aviation division AE Aviation Enterprise - авиапредприятие ae aviatsionnaya eskadrilya (aviaeskadrilya) aviation squadron AF Air Force - Военно-воздушные силы ag aviagruppa aviation group AKDON Aviatsionnaya Krasnoznamyonnaya diviziya osobogo naznacheniya Red Banner Special Task Aviation Division (Order of the Red Banner was one of the highest combat awards in the Soviet Union) AL Aviation Letter – журнал "Aviation Letter" Al Airlines - воздушные линии ALCM Air-Launched Cruise Missile - крылатая ракета воздушного базирования ANTK Aviatsionny nauchno-tekhnicheski kompleks Scientific-Technological Aviation Complex aosn Aviaotryad spetsialnogo naznacheniya special purpose flight ap aviatsionny polk (aviapolk) air wing/aviation regiment APK Aviatsionny proizvodstvenny kompleks Aircraft Production Plant APO Aviatsionnoye proizvodstvennoye obyedineniye Aircraft Production Association app approach - заход на посадку APRL Aeroklub Polskiej Rzeczpospolitej Ludowej Aero Club of People's Republic of Poland (nowadays is just 'AP', Aeroklub Polski) apspn aviapolk spetsialnogo naznacheniya special duty aviation regiment arr arrived - прибытие (прибыл) ARZ Aviaremontny zavod aircraft maintenance plant (facility) AS Air Service ASW Anti-Submarine Warfare – противолодочная оборона