DOCSLIB.ORG

Jrc Technical Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Jrc Technical Report JRC TECHNICAL REPORT POWER SYSTEM FLEXIBILITY IN A VARIABLE CLIMATE 2020 © European Union, 2020 De Felice M., Busch S., Kanellopoulos K., Kavvadias K., Hidalgo-González I. EUR 30184 EN Joint Research Centre This publication is a Technical report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission’s science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. For information on the methodology and quality underlying the data used in this publication for which the source is neither Eurostat nor other Commission services, users should contact the referenced source. The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the European Union concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Contact information Name: Matteo De Felice Address: Westerduinweg 3, 1755 LE Petten Email: [email protected] Tel.: +31 224 565 160 EU Science Hub https://ec.europa.eu/jrc JRC120338 EUR 30184 EN PDF ISBN 978-92-76-18183-5 ISSN 1831-9424 doi: 10.2760/75312 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2020 © European Union, 2020 The reuse policy of the European Commission is implemented by the Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011 on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). Except otherwise noted, the reuse of this document is authorised under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that reuse is allowed provided appropriate credit is given and any changes are indicated. For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not owned by the EU, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. All content © European Union, 2020 How to cite this report: De Felice, M., Busch, S., Kanellopoulos, K., Kavvadias, K. and Hidalgo Gonzalez, I., Power system flexibility in a variable climate, EUR 30184 EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2020, ISBN 978-92-76-18183-5 (online), doi:10.2760/75312 (online), JRC120338. Contents Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Executive summary ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Methodology .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Key results ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Impacts of climate variability on the European power systems .............................................................................................. 2 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Goal and scope of this study ............................................................................................................................................................ 6 1.2 Our methodology ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 2 Analysis of climate variability ...................................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Water ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Wind ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 2.3 Solar power .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 2.4 Electricity demand ................................................................................................................................................................................ 13 3 Impact of climate variability on the European power systems ............................................................................................. 16 3.1 The European power systems ........................................................................................................................................................ 16 3.2 Generation mix ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 3.3 CO2 emissions and fuel costs ........................................................................................................................................................ 25 3.4 Use of fresh water for thermal cooling ................................................................................................................................... 26 3.5 Reservoir water levels ........................................................................................................................................................................ 27 3.6 Interconnections .................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 3.7 Curtailment and load shedding ..................................................................................................................................................... 30 3.8 Observed patterns ................................................................................................................................................................................ 32 3.9 Country case studies ........................................................................................................................................................................... 35 Wind and hydropower in Spain ......................................................................................................................................................... 35 Wind power and system adequacy issues in the United Kingdom ............................................................................... 37 Pumped storage and wind power in Lithuania ........................................................................................................................ 39 Market values of onshore wind in Austria, Denmark, Germany, Lithuania, Spain and Sweden ................... 41 4 Conclusions .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 45 4.1 What about the future? ..................................................................................................................................................................... 46 Future climate ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 46 Future power systems ........................................................................................................................................................................... 48 4.2 Our roadmap ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 49 References ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 51 List of abbreviations and definitions ............................................................................................................................................................ 56 List of figures ............................................................................................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Offshore Wind in Europe – Key Trends and Statistics 2020
    Offshore Wind in Europe Key trends and statistics 2020 Offshore Wind in Europe Key trends and statistics 2020 Published in February 2021 windeurope.org This report summarises construction and financing activity in European offshore wind farms from 1 January to 31 December 2020. WindEurope regularly surveys the industry to determine the level of installations of foundations and turbines, and the subsequent dispatch of first power to the grid. The data includes demonstration sites and factors in decommissioning where it has occurred. Annual installations are expressed in gross figures while cumulative capacity represents net installations per site and country. Rounding of figures is at the discretion of the author. DISCLAIMER This publication contains information collected on a regular basis throughout the year and then verified with relevant members of the industry ahead of publication. Neither WindEurope nor its members, nor their related entities are, by means of this publication, rendering professional advice or services. Neither WindEurope nor its members shall be responsible for any loss whatsoever sustained by any person who relies on this publication. TEXT AND ANALYSIS: Lizet Ramírez, WindEurope Daniel Fraile, WindEurope Guy Brindley, WindEurope EDITOR: Rory O’Sullivan, WindEurope DESIGN: Laia Miró, WindEurope Lin Van de Velde, Drukvorm FINANCE DATA: Clean Energy Pipeline and IJ Global All currency conversions made at EUR/ GBP 0.8897 and EUR/USD 1.1422. Figures include estimates for undisclosed values. PHOTO COVER: Kriegers Flak
    [Show full text]
  • GWEC – Global Wind Report | Annual Market Update 2014
    GLOBAL WIND REPORT ANNUAL MARKET UPDATE 2014 Navigating the global wind power market The Global Wind Energy Council is the international trade association for the wind power industry – communicating the benefits of wind power to national governments, policy makers and international institutions. GWEC provides authoritative research and analysis on the wind power industry in more than 80 countries around the world. Keep up to date with the most recent market insights: Global Wind Statistics 2014 February 2015 Global Wind Report 2014 March 2015 Global Wind Energy Outlook 2014 October 2014 Offshore Wind Policy and Market Assessment – A Global Outlook February 2015 Our mission is to ensure that wind power establishes itself as the answer to today‘s energy challenges, providing substantial venvironmental and economic benefits. GWEC represents the industry with or at the UNFCCC, the IEA, international financial institutions, the IPCC and IRENA. GWEC – opening up the frontiers follow us on TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword. 4 Making the Commitment to Renewable Energy. 5 Global Status of Wind Power in 2014 . 6 Market Forecast for 2015 – 2019. 16 Green bonds offer exciting opportunities for the wind sector . .22 Emerging Africa . .26 Australia . .30 Brazil . 32 Canada. .34 Chile . .36 PR China . .38 Denmark . .42 The European Union . .44 France . .46 Germany. .48 Global offshore . 52 India . .58 Italy . .60 Japan . .62 Mexico . .64 Poland . .66 South Africa . .68 Sweden . 70 Turkey . 72 United Kingdom. 74 United States . 76 About GWEC . 78 GWEC – Global Wind 2014 Report 3 FOREWORD 014 was a great year for the wind industry, setting a The two big stories in 2014 and going forward continue 2new record of more than 51 GW installed in a single to be the precipitous drop in the price of oil, and growing year, bringing the global total close to 370 GW.
    [Show full text]
  • Wind Power a Victim of Policy and Politics
    NNoottee ddee ll’’IIffrrii Wind Power A Victim of Policy and Politics ______________________________________________________________________ Maïté Jauréguy-Naudin October 2010 . Gouvernance européenne et géopolitique de l’énergie The Institut français des relations internationales (Ifri) is a research center and a forum for debate on major international political and economic issues. Headed by Thierry de Montbrial since its founding in 1979, Ifri is a non- governmental and a non-profit organization. As an independent think tank, Ifri sets its own research agenda, publishing its findings regularly for a global audience. Using an interdisciplinary approach, Ifri brings together political and economic decision-makers, researchers and internationally renowned experts to animate its debate and research activities. With offices in Paris and Brussels, Ifri stands out as one of the rare French think tanks to have positioned itself at the very heart of European debate. The opinions expressed in this text are the responsibility of the author alone. ISBN: 978-2-86592-780-7 © All rights reserved, Ifri, 2010 IFRI IFRI-BRUXELLES 27, RUE DE LA PROCESSION RUE MARIE-THERESE, 21 75740 PARIS CEDEX 15 – FRANCE 1000 – BRUXELLES – BELGIQUE Tel: +33 (0)1 40 61 60 00 Tel: +32 (0)2 238 51 10 Fax: +33 (0)1 40 61 60 60 Fax: +32 (0)2 238 51 15 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] WEBSITE: Ifri.org Executive Summary In December 2008, as part of the fight against climate change, the European Union adopted the Energy and Climate package that endorsed three objectives toward 2020: a 20% increase in energy efficiency, a 20% reduction in GHG emissions (compared to 1990), and a 20% share of renewables in final energy consumption.
    [Show full text]
  • Wind Power Research in Wikipedia
    Scientometrics Wind power research in Wikipedia: Does Wikipedia demonstrate direct influence of research publications and can it be used as adequate source in research evaluation? --Manuscript Draft-- Manuscript Number: SCIM-D-17-00020R2 Full Title: Wind power research in Wikipedia: Does Wikipedia demonstrate direct influence of research publications and can it be used as adequate source in research evaluation? Article Type: Manuscript Keywords: Wikipedia references; Wikipedia; Wind power research; Web of Science records; Research evaluation; Scientometric indicators Corresponding Author: Peter Ingwersen, PhD, D.Ph., h.c. University of Copenhagen Copenhagen S, DENMARK Corresponding Author Secondary Information: Corresponding Author's Institution: University of Copenhagen Corresponding Author's Secondary Institution: First Author: Antonio E. Serrano-Lopez, PhD First Author Secondary Information: Order of Authors: Antonio E. Serrano-Lopez, PhD Peter Ingwersen, PhD, D.Ph., h.c. Elias Sanz-Casado, PhD Order of Authors Secondary Information: Funding Information: This research was funded by the Spanish Professor Elias Sanz-Casado Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CSO 2014-51916-C2-1-R) Abstract: Aim: This paper is a result of the WOW project (Wind power On Wikipedia) which forms part of the SAPIENS (Scientometric Analyses of the Productivity and Impact of Eco-economy of Spain) Project (Sanz-Casado et al., 2013). WOW is designed to observe the relationship between scholarly publications and societal impact or visibility through the mentions
    [Show full text]
  • Gwec – Global Wind Report | Annual Market Update 2015
    GLOBAL WIND REPORT ANNUAL MARKET UPDATE 2015 Opening up new markets for business “It’s expensive for emerging companies to enter new markets like China. The risk of failure is high leading to delays and high costs of sales. GWEC introduced us to the key people we needed to know, made the personal contacts on our behalf and laid the groundwork for us to come into the market. Their services were excellent and we are a terrific referenceable member and partner.” ED WARNER, CHIEF DIGITAL OFFICER, SENTIENT SCIENCE Join GWEC today! www.gwec.net Global Report 213x303 FP advert v2.indd 2 8/04/16 8:37 pm TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword 4 Preface 6 Global Status of Wind Power in 2015 8 Market Forecast 2016-2020 20 Australia 26 Brazil 28 Canada 30 PR China 32 The European Union 36 Egypt 38 Finland 40 France 42 Germany 44 Offshore Wind 46 India 54 Japan 56 Mexico 58 Netherlands 60 Poland 62 South Africa 64 Turkey 66 Uruguay 68 United Kingdom 70 United States 72 About GWEC 74 GWEC – Global Wind 2015 Report 3 FOREWORD 015 was a stellar year for the wind industry and for Elsewhere in Asia, India is the main story, which has now the energy revolution, culminating with the landmark surpassed Spain to move into 4th place in the global 2Paris Agreement in December An all too rare triumph of cumulative installations ranking, and had the fifth largest multilateralism, 186 governments have finally agreed on market last year Pakistan, the Philippines, Viet Nam, where we need to get to in order to protect the climate Thailand, Mongolia and now Indonesia are all ripe
    [Show full text]
  • Lietuvos Vėjo Energetikos Klasterio Formavimas
    Strategin ė savivalda ISSN 1648-5815 Strategic Self-Management 2005 Nr.1(2) www.eksponente.lt/ssz Stasys Paulauskas, Aleksandras Paulauskas LIETUVOS V ĖJO ENERGETIKOS KLASTERIO FORMAVIMAS FORMATION OF LITHUANIAN WIND ENERGY CLUSTER Naujadaros straipsnis / Innovations‘ article Lietuvos v ėjo energetikos klasterio formavimas Doc. dr. Stasys PAULAUSKAS. Strategin ės savivaldos instituto direktorius. Pagrindin ės mokslini ų tyrim ų kryptys: savivaldos teorija, strateginio valdymo metodologija, energetikos, j ūrų ūkio, švietimo pl ėtra, saviugdos informacin ės technologijos. Adresas: Baltijos pr. 123-61, LT-93224 Klaip ėda. Tel.:+37046350560, e-mail: [email protected] Assoc. Prof. dr. Stasys PAULAUSKAS. Director of Public institution Strategic Self-Management institute. Main areas of scientific research: theory of self-management, methodology of strategic management; development of energy, maritime economy, education, self-improvement information technologies. Address: Baltijos pr. 123-61, LT-93224 Klaipeda. Phone: +37046350560, e-mail: [email protected] Mgr. Aleksandras PAULAUSKAS. Lietuvos energetikos instituto doktorantas. Lietuvos v ėjo energetik ų asociacijos direktorius. Pagrindin ės naujadaros sritys: v ėjo energetikos technologijos, regionin ė pl ėtra. Adresas: Baltijos pr. 123-61. LT-93224 Klaip ėda. Tel.:+37046350560, e-mail: [email protected] Mgr. Aleksandras PAULAUSKAS. Post Graduate Student of Lithuanian Energy Institute. Director of Lithuanian wind energy association. Main areas of innovations: wind energy technologies, regional
    [Show full text]
  • Offshore Wind Power Integration Into Future Power Systems: Overview and Trends
    Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Article Offshore Wind Power Integration into Future Power Systems: Overview and Trends Ana Fernández-Guillamón 1,† , Kaushik Das 2,† and Nicolaos A. Cutululis 2,† and Ángel Molina-García 1,†,* 1 Department of Electrical Eng, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Spain; [email protected] 2 Department of Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; [email protected] (K.D.); [email protected] (N.A.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-968-32-5462 † These authors contributed equally to this work. Received: 10 October 2019; Accepted: 2 November 2019; Published: 7 November 2019 Abstract: Nowadays, wind is considered as a remarkable renewable energy source to be implemented in power systems. Most wind power plant experiences have been based on onshore installations, as they are considered as a mature technological solution by the electricity sector. However, future power scenarios and roadmaps promote offshore power plants as an alternative and additional power generation source, especially in some regions such as the North and Baltic seas. According to this framework, the present paper discusses and reviews trends and perspectives of offshore wind power plants for massive offshore wind power integration into future power systems. Different offshore trends, including turbine capacity, wind power plant capacity as well as water depth and distance from the shore, are discussed. In addition, electrical transmission high voltage alternating current (HVAC) and high voltage direct current (HVDC) solutions are described by considering the advantages and technical limitations of these alternatives. Several future advancements focused on increasing the offshore wind energy capacity currently under analysis are also included in the paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Wind Energy in Europe: Outlook to 2020 September 2017
    Wind energy in Europe: Outlook to 2020 September 2017 Wind energy in Europe: Outlook to 2020 September 2017 windeurope.org This publication, the first in a series of annual reports, analyses how EU markets will develop in the next four years, starting with an in depth analysis of the first half of 2017. The outlook is based on WindEurope’s internal analysis and consultation with its members (surveys with national associations and a dedicated workshop in June 2017). Disclaimer This publication contains information collected on a regular basis throughout the year and then verified with relevant members of the industry ahead of publication. Neither WindEurope, nor its members, nor their related entities are, by means of this publication, rendering professional advice or services. Neither WindEurope nor its members shall be responsible for any loss whatsoever sustained by any person who relies on this publication. TEXT AND ANALYSIS: WindEurope Business Intelligence Aloys Nghiem Daniel Fraile Ariola Mbistrova Tom Remy EDITOR: Iván Pineda DESIGN: JQ&ROS Visual Communications PHOTO COVER: Keith Arkins ACKNOWLEDGMENTS WindEurope acknowledge the contributions from the following companies and industry associations for their input to our online surveys and workshop organised on June 28th, 2017 in Brussels: AEE (ES), DWIA (DK), PSEW (PL), FEE (FR), BWE (DE), NWEA (NL), Elettricità Futura (IT), Eneco, Statoil, Enercon, Vestas, ERG, EDPR, EON, Enel, Vattenfall, EnBW, GE, RES, Norton Rose Fulbright, Axpo. WindEurope also acknowledges the kind cooperation
    [Show full text]
  • University of Copenhagen, Denmark 2Carlos III University Madrid, Spain
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Copenhagen University Research Information System Wind power research in Wikipedia. Does Wikipedia demonstrate direct influence of research publications and can it be used as adequate source in research evaluation? Serrano-López, Antonio Eleazar; Ingwersen, Peter; Sanz-Casado, Elias Published in: Scientometrics DOI: DOI 10.1007/s11192-017-2447-2 Publication date: 2017 Document version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (APA): Serrano-López, A. E., Ingwersen, P., & Sanz-Casado, E. (2017). Wind power research in Wikipedia. Does Wikipedia demonstrate direct influence of research publications and can it be used as adequate source in research evaluation? Scientometrics, 2017(112), 1471-1488. https://doi.org/DOI 10.1007/s11192-017-2447-2 Download date: 09. apr.. 2020 Scientometrics, June 2017, DOI: 10.1007/s11192-017-2447-2; vol. (112): 1471-1488 Wind power research in Wikipedia: Does Wikipedia demonstrate direct influence of research publications and can it be used as adequate source in research evaluation? Antonio Eleazar Serrano-López2, Peter Ingwersen1, Elias Sanz-Casado2 1Royal School of Library and Information Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark 2Carlos III University Madrid, Spain Aim: This paper is a result of the WOW project (Wind power On Wikipedia) which forms part of the SAPIENS (Scientometric Analyses of the Productivity and Impact of Eco-economy of Spain) Project (Sanz-Casado et al., 2013). WOW is designed to observe the relationship between scholarly publications and societal impact or visibility through the mentions of scholarly papers (journal articles, books and conference proceedings papers) in the Wikipedia, English version.
    [Show full text]
  • Nordex SE – Investor Factbook
    › Classification: Public | Nordex Group Nordex SE – Investor Factbook © Nordex 2020 › Classification: Public 2 | Nordex SE – Investor Factbook Experienced management team José Luis Blanco Christoph Burkhard Patxi Landa CEO CFO CSO › CEO Acciona Windpower › CFO Siemens Wind Power › Business Development Director Offshore and Executive Committee › Various Senior Management member at Acciona Windpower & Chief Officer positions at › Various other positions Gamesa at Siemens › Various Chief Officer positions at Acciona › BHF Bank, EBRD © Nordex 2020 › Classification: Public 3 | Nordex SE – Investor Factbook Agenda 1 Company overview & business model 2 Products & markets 3 Financials 4 Nordex share 5 Sustainability © Nordex 2020 › Classification: Public 4 | Company overview & business model Investment Case Strategic pillars Global COE Onshore Global player with strong Competitive and COE-driven Onshore wind energy presence in all volume product portfolio covers is the key technology for and growth markets for all regions and the irrevocable transition onshore wind energy market conditions to renewable energy Shareholder Team Strong anchor shareholder Experienced management supports growth strategy and outstanding team © Nordex 2020 › Classification: Public 5 | Company overview & business model Nordex and Acciona Windpower created a truly global player A strong fit benefitting from complementary approaches Nordex AWP Nordex Group Market focus Europe + Emerging markets = Truly global Small & medium-sized Large developers Customer focus +
    [Show full text]
  • Multi-Person Selection of the Best Wind Turbine Based on the Multi-Criteria Integrated Additive-Multiplicative Utility Function
    JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT ISSN 1392-3730 / eISSN 1822-3605 2014 Volume 20(4): 590–599 doi:10.3846/13923730.2014.932836 MULTI-PERSON SELECTION OF THE BEST WIND TURBINE BASED ON THE MULTI-CRITERIA INTEGRATED ADDITIVE-MULTIPLICATIVE UTILITY FUNCTION Vygantas BAGOČIUSa, b, Edmundas Kazimieras ZAVADSKASa, Zenonas TURSKISa a Department of Construction Technology and Management, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, b Saulėtekio al. 11, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania Civil Engineering Department, Klaipėda University, Bijūnų g. 17, 91225 Klaipėda Received 17 Oct 2013; accepted 24 Apr 2014 Abstract. Energy generation and savings is a vital problem for the social and economic development of a modern world. The construction of wind farms is a challenge of crucial importance to Lithuania. Offshore wind farms are one of the pos- sibilities of the multiple use of marine space. Wind energy industry has become the fastest growing renewable energy in the world. An offshore wind farm is considered one of the most promising sources of green energy towards meeting the EU targets for 2020 and 2050. They provide long-term green energy production. The major purpose of this study is the se- lection and ranking of the feasible location areas of wind farms and assessing the types of wind turbines in the Baltic Sea offshore area. Multi-criteria decision making methods represent a robust and flexible tool investigating and assessing pos- sible discrete alternatives evaluated applying the aggregated WSM and WPM method namely WASPAS. The following criteria such as the nominal power of the wind turbine, max power generated in the area, the amount of energy per year generated in the area, investments and CO2 emissions have been taken into consideration.
    [Show full text]
  • Activity Report
    Activity Report Second quarter FY 2020 January-March 2020 Results 6 May 2020 November 2018 Page | 1 Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................... 3 Consolidated key figures Q2 20 ................................................................................ 5 Markets and orders .......................................................................................... 5 Key financial performance metrics ................................................................. 9 WTG ....................................................................................................................... 13 Operation and Maintenance Service ....................................................................... 15 Sustainability .................................................................................................. 16 Outlook ............................................................................................................ 19 Economic situation .................................................................................................. 19 Long-term worldwide prospects for wind ................................................................. 19 Quarterly update of short- and medium-term demand ............................................. 22 Summary of the main events relating to wind power in Q2 20 ................................. 23 Auctions summary .................................................................................................
    [Show full text]