12. Machine Knitting
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Phd Thesis Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands Door
CRAFTING SUSTAINABLE SMART TEXTILE SERVICES Kristi Kuusk Crafting sustainable smart textile services Kristi Kuusk Crafting sustainable smart textile services PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de A catalogue record is available from the Eindhoven University of Technology Library Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, op gezag van ISBN 978-90-386-4020-4 de rector magnificus prof.dr.ir. F.P.T. Baaijens, voor een commissie aangewezen door het College voor Promoties, in het openbaar te verdedigen op Title Crafting sustainable smart textile services donderdag 18 februari 2016 om 14:00 uur ISBN 978-90-386-4020-4 Graphic design Kerstin Zabransky Cover Kerstin Zabransky Copy edits Terry Lavender PhD thesis Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands door Copyright © 2016 Kristi Kuusk Kristi Kuusk All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronically or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and geboren te Pärnu, Estland retrieval system without written permission of the author. Dit proefschrift is goedgekeurd door de promotoren en de samenstelling van de promotie- commissie is als volgt: voorzitter: prof.dr.ir. A.C. Brombacher 1e promotor: prof.dr. R. Wakkary copromotor(en): dr.ir. S.A.G. Wensveen dr. O. Tomico Plasencia leden: prof.dr. L.-L. Chen prof.dr. N. Nimkulrat (Estonian Academy of Arts) ir. K. van Os (Philips Research) dr. K. Niinimäki (Aalto University, School of Arts, Design and Architecture) Het onderzoek of ontwerp dat in dit proefschrift wordt beschreven is uitgevoerd in overeenstemming met de TU/e Gedragscode Wetenschapsbeoefening. -
Designing Embodied Smart Textile Services : the Role of Prototypes for Project, Community and Stakeholders
Designing embodied smart textile services : the role of prototypes for project, community and stakeholders Citation for published version (APA): ten Bhömer, M. (2016). Designing embodied smart textile services : the role of prototypes for project, community and stakeholders Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven Document status and date: Published: 18/02/2016 Document Version: Publisher’s PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers) Please check the document version of this publication: • A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. -
Two Loom Knitting Projects for Animal Rescue Creating a Basic Pouch and Blanket
Two Loom Knitting Projects for Animal Rescue Creating a basic pouch and blanket Pouch - tight and slow Small blanket - easy and knitting fast knitting What you need: What you need: ● Cotton, bamboo, or wool (not synthetics) - 4 ● Yarn (can be synthetic!) - 8ply/size 4 to 8 ply, in DK/size4 yarn (double yarn knitting), ● A round or long loom, narrow gauge (for ● A round or long loom, medium gauge - tight knitting) is better (I’m using 56cm 38-41pegs diameter, with 56pegs, bought from ● Looming hook (often comes with kit) Spotlight - ● Small scissors to cut yarn https://www.spotlightstores.com/craft-hobbi ● Yarn needle to sew in the ends es/yarn-needle-art/needle-art-tools-accesso ● Tape measure or ruler ries/looms/crafters-choice-knit-weave-loom- kit/80291603) ● Looming hook (often comes with kit) Sources: ● Small scissors to cut yarn Knitting a flat panel - ● Yarn needle to sew in the ends https://youtu.be/pIdNuGMa438 ● Tape measure or ruler Double yarn knitting - https://youtu.be/p0bYlOZT2p4 Sources: Cast-off a flat panel - https://youtu.be/6VKYFkQdr6U Flat knitting: https://youtu.be/2gmUY4y2w34 Weaving in ends - https://youtu.be/v-p4qsiyuI8 Flat Drawstring cast-off: https://youtu.be/ctVBY-1oG8o Weave in ends: https://youtu.be/v-p4qsiyuI8 Instructions: ● Cast-on e-wrap, double yarn 35 pegs as a Instructions: flat panel ● E-wrap all stitches, all rows, in double yarn 1. Loop once around all pegs ● Knit until you have a square, approx 30cm 2. Flat-Knit all pegs long 3. Keep going until you have about 25cm ● Cast-off the flat panel length of knitting ● Using the yarn needle, stitch in ends 4. -
Knitting Technique Used: Knit Stitch, Ribbing 1X1 RIGHT FRONT PIECE: 1
FRONT AND BACK SIDE 13 LEFT SLEEVE RIGHT SLEEVE 30 30 2 2 17 34 11 3 13 36 13 38 14 13 3 3 3 20 49 20 Knitting Technique Used: Knit Stitch, Ribbing 1x1 RIGHT FRONT PIECE: 1. Cast on 56 stitches with Angora Gold mink. Rib 1x1 for 3 cm. 2.Change to knit stitch and knit for 3 cm. 3. When the knit measures 5 cm, knit 13 stitches with mink. Apply the schematic with brown yarn and knit 13 stitches. 4. Knit for 3 cm among them and apply the schematic with green and red yarn, respectively. 5.When the knit measures 32 cm, decrease 3+2+1 stitches on single side for the armhole. 6.When the knit measures 38 cm, decrease 8+3+3+2 stitches in the front middle part for the neckline. 7.When the knit measures 49 cm, bind off shoulder. LEFT FRONT SIDE: 1. Cast on 56 stitches with Angora Gold mink. Rib 1x1 for 3 cm. 2. Change to knit stitch. After knitting for 13 cm, knit 2 rows with brown yarn, knit 6 rows with mink yarn, knit 2 rows with green yarn, knit 6 rows with mink yarn and knit 2 rows with red yarn. 3. Repeat the same procedure with 3 colors of yarn. 4. When the knit measures 29 cm, knit with mink yarn until the knit measures 32 cm. Decrease 3+2+1 stitches on single side for the armhole. 5. Knit the neckline as it is in the right front side and bind off shoulder. -
Framework Knitting and the Hosiery Trade
BELPER TOWN CENTRE FRAMEWORK KNITTING AND THE HOSIERY TRADE DERWENT VALLEY VISITOR CENTRE The partnership between Brettle and Ward was dissolved and George Brettles built his own factory Framework Knitting in 1834. These two firms were of considerable size. They made silk stockings for George III, George IV and Queen Victoria. and the Ward’s ceased trading in the 1930’s and Brettles in 1987. Many smaller hosiery firms provided work for local people and these were scattered around the Hosiery trade town. All these factories have closed except for Aristoc which now operates across the road in the West Mill. Circular knitting slowly superseded flatbed knitting, as it was more efficient. Today all hosiery is made this way. For more information visit Strutt’s North Mill, The Derwent Valley Visitor Centre Bridgefoot, Belper, Derbyshire, DE56 1YD Tel: 01773 880474 / 0845 5214347 BELPER NORTH MILL Email: [email protected] www.belpernorthmill.org.uk Local Interest Leaflet The existing part of Brettles factory, now De Bradelei Stores Leaflet design by Mayers Design Ltd · www.mayers-design.co.uk Number 3 Framework knitters earned a poor living, usually their on by hand. After a brief partnership with two Derby frames were hired from the hosier who was supplying hosiers, Jedediah formed a successful partnership with the yarn and selling the stockings. The framework Samuel Need, an older, experienced hosier from knitter would have to pay the rent for the frame Nottingham who was able to finance the venture. This even when there was no work. The machines were made Jedediah Strutt’s first fortune. -
Knitting Daily Presents Exploring the Infinity Scarf Pattern
Exploring the Infinity Scarf Pattern: 7 Free Designs for Knitting Infinity Scarves Exploring the Infinity Scarf Pattern: 7 Free Designs for Knitting Infinity Scarves INFINITY SCARVES ARE ALL THE RAGE, AND FOR GOOD The Maryse Cowl by Amy Christoffers is knit in an easy, REASON. They’re super stylish and adaptable, and they won’t reversible lace pattern that you’ll be able to memorize quickly. ever slip off of your neck and get lost. I love the versatility of the Use a bright color to liven up the winter blahs! infinity scarf—for a swingy, fashionable look, just drape it once around your neck and let it hang free. Or, wrap it twice (or three My Welted Infinity Scarf is quick and easy, and knit entirely times!) around your neck for a cowl-like look. Either way, you’ll in a welted stitch pattern. Welting is simply rows of stockinette look great! followed by rows of reverse stockinette. The technique brings the stockinette rows to the front and pushes the reverse stockinette I’ve gathered seven of our most popular infinity scarf patterns, to the back, creating the welted effect. Knit from a super bulky plus one brand-new design, in this free eBook. yarn, you can make this scarf in a weekend! The Two Ribs Infinity Scarf by Susan Pierce Lawrence is a Jennifer Dassau’s Roam Cowl starts with an innovative Möbius combination of fisherman’s rib and welting. This mix of stitches cast-on. The lace pattern is called a Roman Stripe, which results makes for wonderful textural contrast. -
Optimisation of the Warp Yarn Tension on a Warp Knitting Machine
AUTEX Research Journal, Vol. 12, No2, June 2012 © AUTEX OPTIMISATION OF THE WARP YARN TENSION ON A WARP KNITTING MACHINE Vivienne Pohlen, Andreas Schnabel, Florian Neumann, Thomas Gries Institut für Textiltechnik der RWTH Aachen University, Germany Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 1, D-52074 Aachen, Phone: +49 (0)241 80 23462, Fax: +49 (0)241 80 22422, E-Mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: Investigations (calculations) based on a warp yarn tension analysis on a warp knitting machine with multiaxial weft yarn insertion allow prospective reduced yarn tension differences in technical warp knits. From this a future opportunity is provided to substitute the subjective warp let-off adjustment by a model of tension control. The outcome of this is a higher reproducibility with associated increasing process reliability and rising product quality. Key words: Multiaxial fabric, non-crimp fabric (NCF), warp knitting machine, warp yarn tension, yarn tension control. Initial situation warp knitted glass or carbon fibre layers. These are made on warp knitting machines with multiaxial weft insertion. These Increasing political pressure is demanding that industry now enable the production of NCFs for different applications by always produces environmentally sound products. The adjusting several parameters. automobile sector is developing more powerful, lighter electric vehicles (e.g. Megacity Vehicle, MCV). The MCV of BMW in A detailed study regarding various adjustable parameters on cooperation with SGL Automotive Carbon Fibers is based upon such a machine has not occurred in previous works. A basis a composite construction of steel, aluminium, and CFRP for this is provided by warp tension studies on conventional (carbon fibre reinforced plastic) of 40% [1]. -
Knitting V/S Weaving Defined
Initials with comparisons Knitting technology Knitting V/S Weaving Defined Knitting may be defined as Weaving may be defined as: “Inter-looping / Inter-meshing / hook-up / Interlacement of two sets of yarn at right Inter-lock of single or set of yarn moving angle (90o). only in one direction either lengthwise (warp knitting) or cross-wise (weft knitting). Principle The inter-lopping is carried out by needles Weaving is carried out by inter-lacing a (may be Latch or beard or compound series of vertical, parallel threads (the needle etc), the needles are equipped on a warp) with a series of horizontal, parallel cylinder and Needle butt moves between threads (the filling). The warp yarns from the grooves of cams to accomplish a beam pass through the heddles and reed, knitting cycle and producing the fabric. and the filling is shot through the “shed” The shape of the needle cam grooves of warp threads by means of a shuttle or depends on the required knitting pattern. other device and is settled in place by the For more detail see Circular / Flat reed and lay. The woven fabric is then knitting machine or Working principle of wound on a cloth beam. The primary Circular knitting machine (video) distinction between different types of looms is the manner of filling insertion (see WEFT INSERTION Dictionary on home page). The principal elements of any type of loom are the shedding, picking, and beating-up devices. In shedding, a path is formed for the filling by raising some warp threads while others are left down. -
Manufacture of Wool Products
9 Manufacture of wool products K RUSSELL, D McDOWELL, I RYDER AND C SMITH©THE WOOLMARK COMPANY 9.1 Introduction Opportunities for introducing variety into wool products are provided by the fact that wools of different origin vary considerably in terms of mean fibre diameter, distribution of diameter, fibre length, crimp and medulla- tion. Such extensive variations result from the fact that many different breeds have evolved over the years, either through natural selection or through the efforts of man. Different breeds have adapted to particular habitats, and the wools from each breed have their own characteristics and physical properties. In textile processing, wools of different types may be blended together or with other fibres to create special product features, but usually within a fairly narrow average diameter range. Figure 9.1 illustrates the typical usage of wools of different diameters in 11 broad product areas.The darker colour in each band indicates major usage and the lighter areas in the bands indi- cate some usage. Most apparel products are made by weaving or knitting, although carpets and felts may use other processing methods (see Chapter 10). Chapter 6 covers the processing of wool fibre into singles yarns. This chapter now out- lines the machinery used when processing from singles yarns into woven and knitted materials. The various processes are applicable to all fibres, but some are more suited to wool than others, and special conditions apper- taining to wool may sometimes be required to ensure production of a satisfactory wool product. 9.2 Twisting Yarn twisting or folding is a relatively expensive and non-productive operation but for weaving yarns it was, until relatively recently, the only way to produce a final yarn that could withstand the rigours of the weaving process and provide fabrics that exhibited good performance in wear. -
VOGUEKNITTINGLIVE.COM SC HEDULE Thursday, October 23 Registration: 3 P.M
VOGU Eknitting CHICAGO THE ULTIMATE KNITTING EVENT OCTOBER 24 –26 ,2014 • PALMER HOUSE HILTON HOTEL PRINTABLE BROCHURE NEW& INSPIRATIONAL KNITWORTHY HAND KNITTING PRODUCTS CLASSES & LECTURES! VOGUEKNITTINGLIVE.COM SC HEDULE Thursday, October 23 Registration: 3 p.m. –7 p.m. OF EVENTS Classroom Hours: 6 p.m. –9 p.m. Friday, October 24 VOGUEknitting Registration: 8 a.m. –7:30 p.m. 3-hour Classroom Hours: 9 a.m.–12 p.m., 2 p.m.–5 p.m., 6 p.m. –9 p.m. 2-hour Classroom Hours: 9 a.m.–11 a.m., 2 p.m.–4 p.m. Marketplace: 5:00 p.m. –8:30 p.m. Please refer to VogueknittingLIVE.com for complete details. Saturday, October 25 HOTEL INFORMATION Registration: 8 a.m. –6:30 p.m. Vogue Knitting LIVE will be held in 3-hour Classroom Hours: 9 a.m.–12 p.m., 2 p.m.–5 p.m., 6 p.m. –9 p.m. downtown Chicago at the luxurious 2-hour Classroom Hours: Palmer House Hilton Hotel, located 9 a.m.–11 a.m., 2 p.m.–4 p.m. near Millennium Park in the heart of Marketplace: 10 a.m. –6:30 p.m. the theater, financial, and shopping districts of downtown Chicago. The Palmer House Hilton Hotel is within walking distance of the Windy City’s Sunday, October 26 most famous museums, shopping,a government, and corporate buildings. Registration: 8 a.m. –3 p.m. 3-hour Classroom Hours: The Palmer House Hilton Hotel 9 a.m.–12 p.m., 2 p.m.–5 p.m. -
Formulating Equations for Warp Knitted Structures (Fabrics) Notations Design Area
Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) http://www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 5 Issue 03, March-2016 Formulating Equations for Warp Knitted Structures (Fabrics) Notations Design Area Dereje Berihun Sitotaw Textile Engineering Ethiopian institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia Abstract— this formula is developed to solve the problems In warp knitting the fabric is produced by the developments of repeated mistakes during the notations of warp knitted of lap instead of loop in weft knitting for it is formed by structures. Notation of warp knitted fabrics is not easy lapping movement of warp yarn guide. The lappings are two like that of weft knitted fabrics. The degree of shifting, types depending of the movement of guide bar with yarn design areas, numbers of overlaps are the main things relative to needle surface and termed as overlap and considered during warp knitted fabrics designing. The underlap. Overlap is the lateral movement of the guide bars formula was developed by considering degree of wale on the beard or hook side of the needle. This movement is shift and number of overlaps in one line in the knitted normally restricted to one needle space. Underlap is the fabrics/structure. The formula will help warp knit lateral movement of the guide bars on the side of the needle designers particularly for those designing without remote from the hook or beard. This movement is limited software. The formulation was done by analyzing only by the mechanical considerations. It is the connection different types of warp knit structures. -
KNITTING Definition Statement Relationship Between Large Subject
D04B KNITTING Definition statement This subclass/group covers: weft knitting machines are covered by D04B 7/00 to D04B 13/00, details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in such machines are covered by D04B 15/00 and articles made by such machines are covered by D04B 1/00 warp knitting machines are covered by D04B 23/00 to D04B 25/00, details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in such machines are covered by D04B 27/00 and articles made by such machines are covered by D04B 21/00 details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in knitting machines not limited to a specific kind of knitting machine are covered by D04B 35/00 miscellaneous knitting machines and articles made by such machines are covered by D04B 39/00 hand knitting equipment is covered by D04B 3/00, D04B 5/00 and D04B 33/00 auxiliary apparatuses or devices for use with knitting machines are covered by D04B 37/00 or for hand knitting equipment are covered by D04B 17/00, D04B 19/00 and D04B 31/00 Relationship between large subject matter areas The difference between the subclass D04B and B32B5 is as follows:layered products including knitted products as such should be classified in B32B5 only; layered products formed by a knitting process featuring specified patterns or information on the composition of the knit article should be classified in D04B. Note that such products may comprise additional coated faces. References relevant to classification in this subclass This subclass/group does not cover: Layered products (i.e. laminates) B32B 5/00 including knitted articles 1 Knitted products of unspecified A41A61F structure or composition, e.g.