DOCSLIB.ORG

__Copertina Lezioni

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
__Copertina Lezioni TECNOLOGIE INFORMATICHE Appunti del corso M. Pasqualetti Marzo 2013 Lezione 1 Hardware del computer, e fattori che ne influenzano le prestazioni Breve storia dell’evoluzione del computer. Tipologie di modelli: desktop, laptop (portatile), tablet, PC e applicazioni tipiche relative Parti principali di un personal computer, quali: • unità centrale di elaborazione (CPU) • tipi di memoria • disco fisso • dispositivi comuni di input/output. Principali periferiche di input di un computeri: • mouse • tastiera • trackball • scanner • touchpad • joystick • webcam • macchina fotografica digitale • microfono. Principali periferiche di output di un computer: • monitor • stampanti • altoparlanti • cuffie. Periferiche che possono essere sia di input sia di output, es. touchscreen. pag.1 Porte di input/output più comuni: • USB • Seriale • Parallela (LPT1) • Porta di rete (Ethernet) Tipi di memoria centrale presenti nel computer: • RAM (random-access memory) • ROM (read-only memory) Misurata della memoria di un computer: bit, byte, KB, MB, GB, TB. Fattori che influenzano le prestazioni di un computeri: • velocità (o meglio, frequenza di clock) della CPU: gigahertz (GHz). • dimensione della RAM : (gigabyte) • processore e la memoria della scheda grafica • velocità del disco fisso • numero di applicazioni in esecuzione. Principali tipi di dispositivi di memorizzazione: • dischi fissi interni • CD • DVD • dischi fissi esterni • chiavi USB • schede di memoria estraibili • unità di rete • unità di memorizzazione online (google drive e suoi strumenti, dropbox …..) pag.2 Tabella dei codici ASCII Inserimento di codice ASCII mediante tastierino numerico (es. alt+ pag.3 pag.4 Interfacce del computer PS/2 Tastiera (viola) PS/2 Mouse (verde) Porta VGA - Monitor Porte USB Porta Parallela, veniva usata per le stampanti o gli scanner Porte Audio (rosso: microfono – verde: casse - blu: ausiliario) Porta Seriale (ormai quasi mai utilizzata) Porta di rete pag.5 Lezione 2 Utilizzo del sistema operativo Windows Comprendere il termine “software” …Ada Byron Lovelace (1815-1852) – nel 1843 descrive un algoritmo per la macchina analitica” di Babbage che generalmente è considerato il primo programma per computer, e per questo motivo è considerata da molti come la prima programmatrice di computer nella storia… Comprendere che cosa è un sistema operativo ed essere in grado di citare alcuni comuni sistemi operativi. Microsoft MS-DOS (sviluppato con IBM, versioni dalla 1.0 alla 8.0) Windows CE (SO per dispositivi portatili, aspetto simile a windows) Windows 1.0 Windows 2.0 Windows 3.0 Windows 3.1 prima versione con un volume di vendite elevato Windows 95 (versione 4.0) Windows 98 (versione 4.1) Windows Me (versione 4.9) OS/2 (sviluppato dalla IBM poi congiuntamente con Microsoft, poi solo da IBM) Windows NT versioni multiple per ogni rilascio Windows NT 3.1 Windows NT 3.5 Windows NT 3.51 Windows NT 4.0 Windows 2000 (versione 5.0) Windows XP (versione 5.1) Windows Server 2003 e Windows XP Professional x64 Edition (versione 5.2) Windows Vista e Windows Server 2008 (versione 6.0) Windows 7 Successore di Vista. (versione 6.1) Windows Server 2008 R2 Successore di Server 2008. Windows Azure Sistema operativo Microsoft per il cloud computing basato su Windows Server. Windows 8 (autunno 2012). (versione 6.2) Open source Unix-like FreeBSD (dovuto all'abbandono del CSRG BSD UNIX di UC Regents) GNU/Linux Chrome OS Debian GNU/Linux Fedora Core Red Hat SUSE Linux Ubuntu Linux Come Windows visualizza in una struttura gerarchica: • unità disco • cartelle • file pag.6 Periferiche impiegate da un sistema operativo per memorizzare file e cartelle: • dischi fissi • le chiavi USB • CD-RW • DVD-RW • unità di rete Icone più comuni: • unità disco • cartelle • file (nome estensione – visualizzazione cartelle) • collegamenti (capire significato) • stampanti • cestino Dimensione dei file e delle cartelle: kB, MB, GB. (vedere proprietà file ) Saper distinguere tra software di sistema e software applicativo. Programmi applicativi più comuni ed il loro uso: • editor testo (blocco note) ‘(verificare la diversa • elaboratore testi (word processor) ‘ dimensione dei file ) • foglio elettronico (spreadsheet) • database • presentazione (slide show) • posta elettronica (e-mail) • browser web Riconoscere i file di tipo più comune: file di elaboratore testi file di presentazioni file audio, file video file di foglio elettronico file PDF file compressi file di database file di immagini file eseguibili pag.7 . Avviare il computer e collegarsi in modo sicuro utilizzando un nome utente e una password. Riavviare il computer impiegando la procedura corretta. Spegnere il computer impiegando la procedura corretta. Chiudere un’applicazione che non risponde: Task manager (processi: winword.exe – excel.exe) Utilizzare le funzioni di Guida in linea (help) disponibili. Identificare le diverse parti di una finestra: barra del titolo, barra dei menu, barra degli strumenti o barra multifunzione, barra di stato, barra di scorrimento. Minimizzare, massimizzare, ripristinare, ridimensionare, spostare, chiudere una finestra. Passare da una finestra ad un’altra. Alt-Tab Alt-F4 Verificare le informazioni di base del computer: • processore • sistema operativo e versione, • quantità di RAM Modificare alcune configurazioni di base del computer: • data e ora • impostazioni del salvaschermo (screensaver) • formato numerico (virgola o punto decimale) • volume audio • mouse Installare, disinstallare un’applicazione Utilizzare la funzione di stampa schermo da tastiera per catturare l’intero schermo. Creare / eliminare dal desktop un’icona di collegamento. Utilizzare un’icona per aprire un file, una cartella, un’applicazione. pag.8 Espandere, minimizzare le viste delle unità e delle cartelle. Raggiungere un file, una cartella su un’unità. Creare una cartella e un’ulteriore sottocartella. Modificare lo stato del file: sola lettura/bloccato, lettura-scrittura. Riordinare in senso crescente, decrescente i file per nome, dimensione, tipo, data di modifica. Individuare buoni esempi nell’attribuzione di nomi a cartelle, file: utilizzare nomi significativi per cartelle e file per renderne più semplice il recupero e l’organizzazione. Rinominare file, cartelle. Selezionare file, cartelle singolarmente o come gruppo di file, cartelle adiacenti, non adiacenti. Selezionare e spostare le icone: drag&drop con tasto destro e sinistro Duplicare file, cartelle tra cartelle e tra unità. Spostare file, cartelle tra cartelle e tra unità. Eliminare file, cartelle collocandoli nel cestino. Ripristinare file, cartelle presenti nel cestino. Svuotare il cestino. Utilizzare il comando di ricerca per trovare un file o una cartella. Cercare file mediante caratteri jolly: tipo di file, primo carattere del nome del file. Visualizzare un elenco di file usati di recente. Comprendere il significato di compressione di file. Comprimere / estrarre file. Modificare la stampante predefinita. Visualizzare l’avanzamento di un processo di stampa in coda attraverso un gestore di stampe sul desktop. Interrompere, riavviare, eliminare un processo di stampa attraverso un gestore di stampe sul desktop. Strumenti amministrazione – nomi unità disco pag.9 Lezione 3 Elaborazione testi con Word Impostare le opzioni di base del programma: nome dell’utente, cartelle predefinite per aprire o salvare documenti. Usare gli strumenti di ingrandimento/zoom. Cambiare la visualizzazione di una pagina. Selezionare caratteri, parole, righe, frasi, paragrafi o interi testi. Cambiare la formattazione del testo: tipo carattere (font) dimensioni COLORE DEL TESTO E DELLO SFONDO grassetto corsivo sottolineato in alto gli apici in basso i pedici pag.10 testo su due o più colonne (layout Usare un semplice comando di sostituzione per modificare una pagina) parola o una frase specifica. Modificare il contenuto inserendo caratteri e parole all’interno di un testo Copiare, spostare del testo all’interno di esistente, o sovrascrivendo per un documento o tra documenti aperti. sostituirlo. Cancellare del testo Usare un semplice comando di ricerca per trovare una parola o una frase Mostrare e nascondere i caratteri non specifica. stampabili, quali: spazi bianchi, segni di fine paragrafo, segni di interruzione di riga, caratteri di tabulazione. Creare, unire paragrafi. Allineamento del testo: rientro, tabulazione (invece di inserire spazi bianchi). Applicare un rientro ai paragrafi: a sinistra, a destra, riga iniziale. Allineare un testo a sinistra, al centro, a destra o giustificarlo. Riconoscere le modalità corrette per spaziare i paragrafi, quali: applicare una spaziatura paragrafi invece di utilizzare il tasto Invio. Applicare una spaziatura sopra, sotto i paragrafi. Interlinea singola, da 1,5, doppia. • Inserire, • eliminare • punti • e numeri 1. da un elenco di un solo livello. 2. Modificare lo stile dei punti e dei numeri di un elenco di un solo livello scegliendo tra le opzioni predefinite. Inserire un oggetto (disegno, immagine, grafico) in una posizione specifica di un documento. Selezionare un oggetto. Copiare, spostare un oggetto all’interno di un documento, tra documenti aperti. Ridimensionare, eliminare un oggetto. pag.11 Copiare le caratteristiche di formattazione da un testo ad un altro. Inserire / eliminare un’interruzione di pagina - Ctrl-invio Inserire tabelle Anche a partire da testo con delimitatori Usare : “Annulla” “Ripristina” F4 “ripeti comando” Inserire e modificare dati in una tabella. Allineamento Selezionare righe colonne Inserire ed eliminare righe e colonne. Modificare la larghezza
Load more

Recommended publications
  • TRABAJO DE DIPLOMA Título: Diseño De La Página Web De Antenas
    FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA ELÉCTRICA Departamento de Telecomunicaciones y Electrónica TRABAJO DE DIPLOMA Título: Diseño de la Página Web de Antenas Autor: Alaín Hidalgo Burgos Tutor: Dr. Roberto Jiménez Hernández Santa Clara 2006 “Año de la Revolución Energética en Cuba” Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA ELÉCTRICA Departamento de Telecomunicaciones y Electrónica TTRRAABBAAJJOO DDEE DDIIPPLLOOMMAA Diseño de la Página Web de Antenas Autor: Alaín Hidalgo Burgos e-mail: [email protected] Tutor: Dr. Roberto Jiménez Hernández Prof. Dpto. de Telecomunicaciones y electrónica Facultad de Ing. Eléctrica. UCLV. e-mail: [email protected] Santa Clara Curso 2005-2006 “Año de la Revolución Energética en Cuba” Hago constar que el presente trabajo de diploma fue realizado en la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas como parte de la culminación de estudios de la especialidad de Ingeniería en Telecomunicaciones y Electrónica, autorizando a que el mismo sea utilizado por la Institución, para los fines que estime conveniente, tanto de forma parcial como total y que además no podrá ser presentado en eventos, ni publicados sin autorización de la Universidad. Firma del Autor Los abajo firmantes certificamos que el presente trabajo ha sido realizado según acuerdo de la dirección de nuestro centro y el mismo cumple con los requisitos que debe tener un trabajo de esta envergadura referido a la temática señalada. Firma del Tutor Firma del Jefe de Departamento donde se defiende el trabajo Firma del Responsable de Información Científico-Técnica PENSAMIENTO “El néctar de la victoria se bebe en la copa del sacrificio” DEDICATORIA Dedico este trabajo a mis padres, a mí hermana y a mi novia por ser las personas más hermosas que existen y a las cuales les debo todo.
    [Show full text]
  • HTTP Cookie - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia 14/05/2014
    HTTP cookie - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 14/05/2014 Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Search HTTP cookie From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Navigation A cookie, also known as an HTTP cookie, web cookie, or browser HTTP Main page cookie, is a small piece of data sent from a website and stored in a Persistence · Compression · HTTPS · Contents user's web browser while the user is browsing that website. Every time Request methods Featured content the user loads the website, the browser sends the cookie back to the OPTIONS · GET · HEAD · POST · PUT · Current events server to notify the website of the user's previous activity.[1] Cookies DELETE · TRACE · CONNECT · PATCH · Random article Donate to Wikipedia were designed to be a reliable mechanism for websites to remember Header fields Wikimedia Shop stateful information (such as items in a shopping cart) or to record the Cookie · ETag · Location · HTTP referer · DNT user's browsing activity (including clicking particular buttons, logging in, · X-Forwarded-For · Interaction or recording which pages were visited by the user as far back as months Status codes or years ago). 301 Moved Permanently · 302 Found · Help 303 See Other · 403 Forbidden · About Wikipedia Although cookies cannot carry viruses, and cannot install malware on 404 Not Found · [2] Community portal the host computer, tracking cookies and especially third-party v · t · e · Recent changes tracking cookies are commonly used as ways to compile long-term Contact page records of individuals' browsing histories—a potential privacy concern that prompted European[3] and U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • EDFS 687 Technology Education for Teachers
    EDFS 687 Technology Education for Teachers College of Charleston EDFS 687 Technology Education for Teachers Course Term- Spring, 2010 Credit Hours- 3 Meeting Time and Place: W 4:00-6:45 - ECTR 214 Instructor's Name: Dr. Bob Perkins Office Hours: Tuesday & Thursday 2:00 - 4:30 Office Location: 86 Wentworth St. Office phone/ 953-5699 Fax/ 953-8109 Email: [email protected] Web Page http://perkinsr.people.cofc.edu/classes/EDFS687/ Course Description: This is an introductory course for pre-service and in-service teachers using technology in the classroom. Students become familiar with application software such as word processing, databases and hypermedia, desktop publishing, and telecommunications, and learn to evaluate hardware and software. Course Text/Materials: Required Text: ● Thorsen, T. (2006). TechTactics: Technology for teachers. Boston: Pearson / A. B. Longman. Optional Software: ● Microsoft Office 2003 for Students and Teachers ● SmartTech Notebook software (instructions for downloading are available in WebCT) Other: ● USB Flash Drive; ● access to WebCT & Edisto email account file:///K|/Arachne/classes/EDFS687/EDFS687Perkins.htm (1 of 7)2/1/2010 1:49:38 PM EDFS 687 Technology Education for Teachers Course Objectives: All teacher preparation programs in the School of Education (SOE) are guided by a commitment to Making the Teaching Learning Connection through three Elements of Teacher Competency (ETC) which are at the heart of the SOE Conceptual Framework: ● 1. Understanding and valuing the learner, ● 2. Knowing what and how to teach and asses and how to create environments in which learning occurs, and ● 3. Understanding yourself as a professional. These three competencies underlie all learning objectives in this course, helping the candidate develop the knowledge, skills, and dispositions necessary to become an effective teacher.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1. Origins of Mac OS X
    1 Chapter 1. Origins of Mac OS X "Most ideas come from previous ideas." Alan Curtis Kay The Mac OS X operating system represents a rather successful coming together of paradigms, ideologies, and technologies that have often resisted each other in the past. A good example is the cordial relationship that exists between the command-line and graphical interfaces in Mac OS X. The system is a result of the trials and tribulations of Apple and NeXT, as well as their user and developer communities. Mac OS X exemplifies how a capable system can result from the direct or indirect efforts of corporations, academic and research communities, the Open Source and Free Software movements, and, of course, individuals. Apple has been around since 1976, and many accounts of its history have been told. If the story of Apple as a company is fascinating, so is the technical history of Apple's operating systems. In this chapter,[1] we will trace the history of Mac OS X, discussing several technologies whose confluence eventually led to the modern-day Apple operating system. [1] This book's accompanying web site (www.osxbook.com) provides a more detailed technical history of all of Apple's operating systems. 1 2 2 1 1.1. Apple's Quest for the[2] Operating System [2] Whereas the word "the" is used here to designate prominence and desirability, it is an interesting coincidence that "THE" was the name of a multiprogramming system described by Edsger W. Dijkstra in a 1968 paper. It was March 1988. The Macintosh had been around for four years.
    [Show full text]
  • Web Browser a C-Class Article from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Web browser A C-class article from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A web browser or Internet browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and may be a web page, image, video, or other piece of content.[1] Hyperlinks present in resources enable users to easily navigate their browsers to related resources. Although browsers are primarily intended to access the World Wide Web, they can also be used to access information provided by Web servers in private networks or files in file systems. Some browsers can also be used to save information resources to file systems. Contents 1 History 2 Function 3 Features 3.1 User interface 3.2 Privacy and security 3.3 Standards support 4 See also 5 References 6 External links History Main article: History of the web browser The history of the Web browser dates back in to the late 1980s, when a variety of technologies laid the foundation for the first Web browser, WorldWideWeb, by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991. That browser brought together a variety of existing and new software and hardware technologies. Ted Nelson and Douglas Engelbart developed the concept of hypertext long before Berners-Lee and CERN. It became the core of the World Wide Web. Berners-Lee does acknowledge Engelbart's contribution. The introduction of the NCSA Mosaic Web browser in 1993 – one of the first graphical Web browsers – led to an explosion in Web use. Marc Andreessen, the leader of the Mosaic team at NCSA, soon started his own company, named Netscape, and released the Mosaic-influenced Netscape Navigator in 1994, which quickly became the world's most popular browser, accounting for 90% of all Web use at its peak (see usage share of web browsers).
    [Show full text]
  • Outline for UMR Annual Report
    Integrated Science Assessment for the Upper Muddy River, Clark County, Nevada Wetland downstream of the Muddy River & California Wash junction. Photo: Louis Provencher, 2003 Annual Report to the Clark County MSHCP, February, 2004 by Louis Provencher1 The Nature Conservancy, One East First Street, Suite 1007, Reno, NV 89509 [email protected] Rob Andress Otis Bay Riverine Consultants, 1049 South 475 West, Farmington, UT 84025 [email protected] Contract #: 2003-TNC-1-A 1 Citation: Provencher, L. and R. Andress. 2004. Integrated Science Assessment for the Upper Muddy River, Clark County, Nevada. Annual report to the Clark County MSHCP, Nevada. The Nature Conservancy, Reno, Nevada. Annual Report: Integrated Science Assessment for the Upper Muddy River Table of Contents 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................... 1 2. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1. STUDY AREA AND CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANCE............................................................................... 4 2.2. OBJECTIVES.......................................................................................................................................... 4 3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ........................................................................................................ 6 3.1 SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Forensic Investigation of User's Web Activity on Google Chrome Using
    IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, VOL.16 No.9, September 2016 123 Forensic Investigation of User’s Web Activity on Google Chrome using various Forensic Tools Narmeen Shafqat, NUST, Pakistan Summary acknowledged browsers like Internet Explorer, Google Cyber Crimes are increasing day by day, ranging from Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Opera etc. but should confidentiality violation to identity theft and much more. The also have hands on experience of less popular web web activity of the suspect, whether carried out on computer or browsers like Erwise, Arena, Cello, Netscape, iCab, smart device, is hence of particular interest to the forensics Cyberdog etc. Not only this, the forensic experts should investigator. Browser forensics i.e forensics of suspect’s browser also know how to find artifacts of interest from older history, saved passwords, cache, recent tabs opened etc. , therefore supply ample amount of information to the forensic versions of well-known web browsers; Internet Explorer, experts in case of any illegal involvement of the culprit in any Chrome and Mozilla Firefox atleast, because he might activity done on web browsers. Owing to the growing popularity experience a case where the suspected person is using and widespread use of the Google Chrome web browser, this older versions of these browsers. paper will forensically analyse the said browser in windows 8 According to StatCounter Global market share for the web environment, using various forensics tools and techniques, with browsers (2015), Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and the aim to reconstruct the web browsing activities of the suspect. Microsoft’s Internet Explorer make up 90% of the browser The working of Google Chrome in regular mode, private usage.
    [Show full text]
  • Discontinued Browsers List
    Discontinued Browsers List Look back into history at the fallen windows of yesteryear. Welcome to the dead pool. We include both officially discontinued, as well as those that have not updated. If you are interested in browsers that still work, try our big browser list. All links open in new windows. 1. Abaco (discontinued) http://lab-fgb.com/abaco 2. Acoo (last updated 2009) http://www.acoobrowser.com 3. Amaya (discontinued 2013) https://www.w3.org/Amaya 4. AOL Explorer (discontinued 2006) https://www.aol.com 5. AMosaic (discontinued in 2006) No website 6. Arachne (last updated 2013) http://www.glennmcc.org 7. Arena (discontinued in 1998) https://www.w3.org/Arena 8. Ariadna (discontinued in 1998) http://www.ariadna.ru 9. Arora (discontinued in 2011) https://github.com/Arora/arora 10. AWeb (last updated 2001) http://www.amitrix.com/aweb.html 11. Baidu (discontinued 2019) https://liulanqi.baidu.com 12. Beamrise (last updated 2014) http://www.sien.com 13. Beonex Communicator (discontinued in 2004) https://www.beonex.com 14. BlackHawk (last updated 2015) http://www.netgate.sk/blackhawk 15. Bolt (discontinued 2011) No website 16. Browse3d (last updated 2005) http://www.browse3d.com 17. Browzar (last updated 2013) http://www.browzar.com 18. Camino (discontinued in 2013) http://caminobrowser.org 19. Classilla (last updated 2014) https://www.floodgap.com/software/classilla 20. CometBird (discontinued 2015) http://www.cometbird.com 21. Conkeror (last updated 2016) http://conkeror.org 22. Crazy Browser (last updated 2013) No website 23. Deepnet Explorer (discontinued in 2006) http://www.deepnetexplorer.com 24. Enigma (last updated 2012) No website 25.
    [Show full text]
  • Web Technologies [R18a0517] Lecture Notes
    WEB TECHNOLOGIES [R18A0517] LECTURE NOTES B.TECH III YEAR – II SEM(R18) (2020-21) DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (Autonomous Institution – UGC, Govt. of India) Recognized under 2(f) and 12 (B) of UGC ACT 1956 (Affiliated to JNTUH, Hyderabad, Approved by AICTE - Accredited by NBA & NAAC – ‘A’ Grade - ISO 9001:2015 Certified) Maisammaguda, Dhulapally (Post Via. Hakimpet), Secunderabad – 500100, Telangana State, India III Year B. Tech. CSE –II Sem L T/P/D C 4 1/- / - 3 (R18A0517) WEB TECHNOLOGIES Objectives: Giving the students the insights of the Internet programming and how to design and implement complete applications over the web. It covers the notions of Web servers and Web Application Servers, Design Methodologies with concentration on Object-Oriented concepts, Client-Side Programming, Server-Side Programming, Active Server Pages, Database Connectivity to web applications, Adding Dynamic content to web applications, Programming Common Gateway Interfaces, Programming the User Interface for the web applications. UNIT I: Web Basics and Overview: Introduction to Internet, World Wide Web, Web Browsers, URL, MIME, HTTP, Web Programmers Tool box. HTML Common tags: List, Tables, images, forms, frames, Basics of CSS and types of CSS. Client-Side Programming (Java Script): Introduction to Java Script, declaring variables, functions, Event handlers (onclick, onsubmit, etc.,) and Form Validation. UNIT II: Server-Side Programming (PHP): Declaring Variables, Data types, Operators, Control structures, Functions, Reading data from web form controls like text buttons, radio buttons, list, etc., Handling File Uploads, Handling Sessions & Cookies. Introduction to XML: Document type definition, XML Schemas, Document Object model, Presenting XML , Introduction to XHTML, Using XML Processors: DOM and SAX.
    [Show full text]
  • Richard Stallman
    THE FIGHT FOR FREEDOM Free Software isn’t just about getting shiny new programs for no cash – it’s part of a much larger social movement. Mike Saunders and Graham Morrison explore the history and future of FOSS. here’s a problem with the word ‘free’. Software didn’t just pop up as an idea one day, as a Specifically, it can refer to something that “wouldn’t it be cool” notion from some hackers in a Tcosts no money, or something that isn’t held pub. The principles behind Free Software go back to down by restrictions – in other words, something the early days of computing, and many people have that has liberty. This difference is crucial when we fought long and hard to protect freedom in talk about software, because free (as in cost) computing, even when all hope looked lost. software doesn’t necessarily give you freedom. So this issue we want to delve deep into the world There are plenty of no-cost applications out there of Free Software: where exactly did it come from, that spy on you, steal your data, and try to lock you why is it important, and what challenges are ahead. in to specific file formats. And you certainly can’t get We also look at the differences in licences, one of the source code to them. the thorniest issues in FOSS, especially when people To make the distinction clearer, many people refer have different definitions of “free”. But let’s start by to free (as in liberty) software as a proper noun: Free going back to the early days of computing, when the Software.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Websites Can Change Without Warning
    Why Websites Can Change Without Warning WHY WOULD MY WEBSITE LOOK DIFFERENT WITHOUT NOTICE? HISTORY: Your website is a series of files & databases. Websites used to be “static” because ​ there were only a few ways to view them. Now we have a complex system, and telling your webmaster what device, operating system and browser is crucial, here’s why: TERMINOLOGY: You have a desktop or mobile “device”. Desktop computers and mobile ​ ​ ​ devices have “operating systems” which are software. To see your website, you’ll pull up a ​ ​ ​ ​ “browser” which is also software, to surf the Internet. Your website is a series of files that ​ ​ needs to be 100% compatible with all devices, operating systems and browsers. Your website is built on WordPress and gets a weekly check up (sometimes more often) to ​ ​ ​ see if any changes have occured. Your site could also be attacked with bad files, links, spam, comments and other annoying internet pests! Or other components will suddenly need updating which is nothing out of the ordinary. WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE IF SOMETHING HAS CHANGED? Any update to the following can make your website look differently: There are 85 operating ​ systems (OS) that can update (without warning). And any of the most popular roughly 7 ​ ​ ​ browsers also update regularly which can affect your site visually and other ways. (Lists below) ​ Now, with an OS or browser update, your site’s 18 website components likely will need ​ ​ updating too. Once website updates are implemented, there are currently about 21 mobile ​ devices, and 141 desktop devices that need to be viewed for compatibility.
    [Show full text]
  • Rhapsody Developer's Guide
    Jesse Feiler AP PROFESSIONAL AP Professional is a division of Academic Press Boston San Diego New York London Sydney Tokyo Toronto Find us on the Web! http:/ /www.apnet.com This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright © 1997 by Academic Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Excerpts from Chartsmith are copyright © 1997 by Blacksmith, Inc. All rights reserved. Excerpts from OpenBase are copyright © 1997 by OpenBase International, Ltd. All rights reserved. Excerpts from Create are copyright © 1997 by Stone Design, Inc. All rights reserved. Excerpts from OmniWeb are copyright © 1997 by Omni Development, Inc. All rights reserved. Excerpts from TIFFany are copyright © 1997 by Caffeine Software. All rights reserved. All brand names and product names mentioned in this book are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Academic Press 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, CA 92101-4495 1300 Boylston Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS LIMITED 24-28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX ISBN 0-12-251334-7 Printed in the United States of America 97 98 99 00 CP 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Table of Contents Advanced Mac Look and Feel i Y e llo w Box Mac OS 0P6NSTgP based JaCT^ Core OS: Microkernel, ^0, Fiie System... |Power Macintosh, PowerPC Piatform Hardware Semantics T ables ........................................................................................... xv Preface...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]