RSME

MATTERSNEWS FROM THE ROYAL SCHOOL OF MILITARY ENGINEERING GROUP 18 NOVEMBER 2018 Contents 4 5 11

DEMS BOMB DISPOSAL TRAINING UPDATE Defence Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD), It’s the ten-year anniversary of the signing of the Munitions and Search Training Regiment (DEMS RSME Public Private Partnership (PPP) Contract Trg Regt) operates across two sites. The first is and that decade has seen an impressive amount the more established... Read more on page 5 of change. A casual.. Read more on page 11

WELCOME Welcome to issue 18 of RSME Matters. Much has 15 changed across the RSME Group since issue 17 but the overall challenge, of delivering appropriately trained soldiers FEATURE: INNOVATION and military working animals... The Royal School of Military Engineering (RSME) Private Public Partnership (PPP) between the Secretary of State for Defence and... Read more on page 4 Read more on page 15

We’re always looking for new parts of the RSME to explore and share Front cover: Bomb disposal training in action at DEMS Trg Regt – see story on page 9. within RSME Matters. If you’d like us to tell your story then just let us know. Back cover: Royal Engineers approach the Rochester Bridge over the river Medway during a recent night exercise. Nicki Lockhart, Editor, [email protected] Photography: All images except where stated by Ian Clowes | goldy.uk Ian Clowes, Writer and Photographer, 07930 982 661 | [email protected] Design and production: Plain Design | plaindesign.co.uk Printed on FSC® (Forest Stewardship Council) certified paper, which supports the growth of responsible forest management worldwide.

2 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 23 26 34

HEALTH KITCHENER BARRACKS It’s estimated that workplace stress is the One of the oldest military sites in the UK, biggest work-related loss, costing businesses Kitchener Barracks in Chatham, Kent, is being £34.9bn every year. Mental health issues often redeveloped into residential accommodation go unrecognised or... Read more on page 26 after being... Read more on page 34

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL Every organisation has an impact on the environment and 29 the world around it. Businesses are increasingly aware of the importance of this corporate and environmental social DATR EQUINE responsibility. The RSME Group... Horses have played an important role in the Army for many centuries. The Defence Animal Training Regiment (DATR), formerly known as the... Read more on page 23 Read more on page 29

3 Welcome Welcome to issue 18 of RSME Matters. technically demanding role in an ever experts at the Defence Animal Trg Regt Much has changed across the RSME changing and challenging environment, at Melton Mowbray as they select, train Group since issue 17 but the overall both at home and overseas. and maintain the wide range of horses challenge, of delivering appropriately used by the Army today, keeping health trained soldiers and military working Health and wellbeing have had a renewed and safety very much to the forefront. animals while maintaining service focus in recent months. A long-term excellence, continues to be met, initiative looking at mental health and Along with shining a spotlight on the even with the increasing financial wellness was kicked off at Brompton present and future, there’s also a historical pressures present throughout Barracks earlier this year, including a footnote as the Kitchener Barracks Defence. These pressures require full day’s exhibition where personnel redevelopment nears completion. the RSME to work more smartly and could explore all aspects of their to identify and take advantage of physical health and wellbeing. RSME RSME Matters looks at initiatives innovative new ways of working. The Matters looks at what was involved across environment, energy and social Special Feature in this issue looks at and the benefits of learning more. issues, which combine to show that the innovation at the RSME and explores RSME is a vibrant and effective training how everyone can play their part in It’s not only the health and wellbeing of centre of excellence that continues the identification and deployment the personnel at the RSME that is under to develop within the framework of innovation, whatever their role. the spotlight. This issue follows the equine of the RSME PPP Contract.

August marked the ten-year anniversary of the signing of the RSME PPP Contract, and in this issue training transformation is reviewed to date to examine its impact across the RSME.

The DEMS Trg Regt operates from two sites at Bicester and Kineton. RSME Photograph courtesy of Dave Kevan Matters follows the latest EOD & Search students as they move from soldier to bomb disposal expert, an important and NEWS

LAND WARFARE CENTRE DEFENCE CBRN CENTRE COMBAT SAPPER AWARD

As part of a general restructuring, the From April 2019 the Defence Chemical In July 2018, Garry Applin, Kevin Hall RSME Group now reports to the Land Biological Radiological and Nuclear and Steve Scott were presented with the Warfare Centre (LWC) who assume the Centre (DCBRNC) will join the RSME Chief Royal Engineer’s Commendation by role of Training Requirement Authority Group. Based at Winterbourne Gunner Brigadier Matt Bazeley pictured above. (TRA). The RSME Group will fulfil the role on the southern edge of Salisbury This small Holdfast/Babcock team has of the Training Delivery Authority (TDA). Plain, the DCBRNC designs and runs been responsible for fundamentally This brings together both individual tri-service courses qualifying personnel transforming the way combat engineer and collective training under a single for operational, training and staff CBRN training is delivered, using modern and command and should shorten the roles. The site was established in innovative learning technologies. The communications channels, enabling 1917 and has played a key role in this training is now mission-specific, task- swifter response to changing training challenging area since then. In 2005 a orientated and activity based, making requirements as well as improved major refurbishment was completed and it more realistic and challenging. feedback from the Field Army. the centre assumed its current name. The Centre is also home to the Joint CBRN Medical Facility and the DCBRNC Technical Support Group (TSG).

4 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 HOW TO BECOME A BOMB DISPOSAL EXPERT

Defence Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD), Munitions and Search Training Regiment (DEMS Trg Regt) operates DEMS across two sites. The first is the more established base of Kineton, home to the Felix Centre and historically home of ammunition training. The second was newly constructed in 2011 and houses the HQ of the Regt in St George’s Barracks, bomb Bicester. Both sites have access to a wide range of purpose-built facilities with a diverse range of impressive fully immersive training environments. These include replica housing estates, a dual carriageway, aircraft, tunnels, caves, fields, railway lines – complete with disposal freight wagons and a tube train, a deep- water dive pool, forests and several geographically specialist areas and vehicles.

The DEMS Trg Regt employs trainers with years of hands-on experience from operations across the globe and at home. They are kept up-to-date with constant feedback from the Field Army and emerging threats across the world to ensure that they are producing operators capable of meeting today’s challenges. In turn, the trainers are supported by a large team of experts that manage the maintenance and development of a constantly changing training estate, the fleet of support vehicles, including the Remote-Controlled Vehicles (RCVs), which brings its own special challenges, and specialist equipment ranging from EOD suits to operator team kits that need to be in perfect working order to deliver training. Adopting many of the innovations and transformation processes, seen elsewhere within the RSME Group, is made possible through the provisionof the latest IT and an innovative and proactive in-house content development team.

The DEMS Warrior symbolizes that the training, whether Search, Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) or maintenance of munitions, prepares the students to deal with explosive hazards in all their forms. Like them the DEMS Warrior stares into the fiery mouth of the dragon, often alone, relying simply on skill and courage to deal with the threat.

5 Furthermore, the drive for realism and of 8 Engr Bde. EOD is carried out across ‘Wedgewood’ van, to investigate a suspect quality training sees every wall and all three services including 5131(BD) Sqn package or make safe or destroy an IED. corridor used to display subliminal learning (Air) and Fleet Diving Group (Navy). materials. This learning environment is not The EOD world is truly multi-service, only aimed at developing the students These units provide support to ongoing bringing together the UK Tri-services with but also the trainers. These trainers are operations around the world, UK civilian ‘blue light’ organisations. DEMS updated with modern approaches to Military Aid to Civil Authorities (MACA) Trg Regt provides all the training to ensure training and also new equipment they and UK Special Forces as well as helping that the operators have the knowledge and can employ within their own instruction. prepare for contingency operations, skills to meet each challenge safely and often working alongside partner agencies effectively. The Def EOD Ops are drawn There are many images in the public eye and international organisations. from a range of cap badges from across that sum up what is generally thought all three Services. The Navy also undertake of bomb disposal; for some it might be Typical tasks that the Def EOD Op could be specialist underwater training at DEMS Trg the fully suited operator taking the long, involved in can be varied and diverse. The Regt to tackle water-based munitions and lonely walk towards a suspect package in disposal of conventional munitions, such as threats, particularly those threats that have a city centre; for others, it is Afghanistan recently discovered unexploded ordnance, emerged as a legacy of the World Wars. or Iraq and the terror and horror inflicted is a common task, often conducted in by Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) busy city environments where the find has The Def EOD courses focus on tackling and suicide bombers. Hollywood, of been the result of recent excavation for munitions and IEDs that are live and course, has captured the bravery and new office building construction. Equally, a threat to life and infrastructure, heroism in several feature films where, often single-handed, a bomb disposal operator has saved the day through a The DEOD Operator courses focus on series of increasingly incredible actions. tackling munitions and IEDs that are live There is, however, a series of questions that Hollywood fails to answer. What and a threat to life and infrastructure, is a bomb disposal expert? And what part does the RSME Group, and the that can be potentially activated by DEMS Trg Regt, play in their training? the use of time, command operated To give them their correct name, the Defence EOD Operator (Def EOD Op) can devices or booby trapped IEDs, deal with both conventional munitions and IEDs. Once fully trained, they can operate known as Victim Operated (V)) IEDs within the UK or overseas within units such as 33 Engr Regt (EOD & Search), weapons range clearance and the disposal that can be potentially activated by 35 Engr Regt (EOD & Search) 101 (City of of out of date or damaged munitions are a the use of time, command operated London) Engr Regt (EOD & Search) or 11 routine part of the role. In an age of growing devices or booby trapped IEDs, known EOD Regt Royal Logistics Corps (RLC), terrorism, the Def EOD Op will also be as Victim Operated (VO) IEDs. which sit within 29 EOD & Search Gp part seen deploying RCVs from their trademark

6 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 The route to becoming a Def EOD Op is challenging as can be seen on page 14 (for a Royal Engineer Sapper). There are no specific qualifications required to apply for the role. Entry for a Royal Engineer Sapper, for example, will be via the Elementary (0805) course and progressing through the Intermediate course (0804), normally as a LCpl or Cpl, before tackling the Conventional Munitions Disposal (CMD) Operator course (0064) and the IEDD Operator course (0039).

New students come from a range of backgrounds. Some may already be attached to an EOD unit, whilst others may have no EOD experience at all. The 11 week CMD Operator course is the first of two stages to achieve full Def EOD Op certification.

The second phase of the Def EOD Op An additional course, the Advanced training is the IEDD course (0039). This Manual Technique course is unusual in course is taught at Kineton and involves that it enables operators to operate in the training required to handle and pairs to tackle a range of challenges. Much dispose of IEDs. Visitors to Kineton will of the material and techniques taught is recognise the classic bomb suit and highly sensitive and constantly changing RCVs used by the students during this to meet new and different threats. training. RLC students can, if needed, complete the IEDD course first.

Of course, training doesn’t stop there. The Advanced EOD Operator (Adv EOD Op) course builds on this knowledge and trains operators to tackle situations where there is a higher level of perpetrator sophistication and/or where the operator is intentionally targeted. This is a very specialised course and has a particularly low pass rate with operators often having to repeat the course before being successful.

7 FIRST APPROACH

Throughout the 0064 course students and neutralise the threat. The trainers set the first approach to an unidentified threat. are constantly challenged and evaluated. the students a range of exercises based on One of the first real opportunities for them real-life scenarios. Trainers take on several DEMS Trg Regt doesn’t only train the Def to demonstrate their new-found skills is roles such as reporting civilians, supporting EOD Op suite of course. Annually over Ex FIRST APPROACH. Working in small troops and HQ experts creating a realistic 2,500 students will pass through the Regt groups, the students must evaluate, identify environment in which students will make within one of the four training Squadrons.

DEMS Trg Regt doesn’t only train the DEOD Operator suite of course. Annually over 2,500 students will pass through the Regt, taking part in one of the 43 courses offered through the four Training Squadrons

MUNS SQN

The MUNS Sqn teaches all aspects All Arms (AA)-UAS of conventional munitions. This isn’t Authorised (Auth) Representative restricted to their disposal but includes an (Rep)-road understanding of their nature, purpose, design and effect. MUNS Sqn is the Auth Rep-rail home of the Ammunition Technician and Ammunition Technical Operator (ATO) Ammunition Technical Officer (ATO) who are trained to identify and mitigate explosive Ammunition Technician (AT) class 1 safety risk and maintain UK munitions to AT Class 2 maximum operational effectiveness. These roles require a deep technical understanding International AT/ATO of all aspects of the whole life management of ordnance munitions and explosives. In addition, the Ammunition Storeman course is taught within MUNS Sqn.

8 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 CMD SQN

The ‘home’ of the Def EOD Op course, Elementary EOD CMD Sqn teaches the skills, techniques Intermediate EOD and knowledge required to render harmless munitions, conventional explosive devices Abrasive Cutting and both biological and chemical weapons. Route Proving and Clearance Training both the No2 and elementary operators as well as the Def EOD Op. RN EOD Diver CMD Sqn also provides the maritime Def EOD Op No1 Pt1 specific courses for the Royal Navy and International students and runs additional International Diver courses in specialist equipment such as the (Intermediate and Advanced) Abrasive Cutting Equipment (ACE) which enables safe entry to large munitions. International EOD

IEDD SQN

The IEDD Sqn teaches all aspects of IED Def EOD Op No1 Pt2 reconnaissance, disposal and neutralization Def EOD Op No2 techniques for both overseas theatres and counter-terrorism operations within the UK. Def EOD ECM As well as the suite of courses comprising Adv EOD Op No1 the Def EOD Op No2, Def EOD Op and the Adv EOD Op courses the Sqn also trains Adv EOD Op No2 the vital Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) Adv EOD ECM Operator who assists the EOD Operator in the assessment and counter of the RCV Maintainer threat presented by radio controlled IEDs. International IEDD

SEARCH SQN

The principles of Search are based DASA upon the detection of explosive devices DAST before they can cause harm to life or damage to property. Almost every ground HES operation in recent years has involved Specialist Equipment Search some aspect of Search. Several levels of courses are available from basic and International Search Advisor intermediate All Arms courses to the Advanced Search course. DEMS Trg Regt is also the Ground Sign Awareness Centre of Excellence within the UK. Search Trg Sqn also directly supports the Police National Search Centre, delivering training to Police Search Teams and Advisors nationwide. A bespoke Advanced Search course is delivered to Reserve personnel. In addition, the Sqn also run an international search course each year.

9 Royal Engineer Explosive Ordnance Disposal Qualification Pathway

Sapper Lance Corporal – Corporal Sergeant – Warrant Officer

Deence EOD No 2 Course DEMS Kineton Duration weeks

005 Class 3 004 Class 1 0064 DEOC 0052 DEOC Advance IEDD Course EOD Training Phase 1 Course Phase 2 Course EOD Training DEMS Kineton DEMS Bicester DEMS Bicester DEMS Kineton DEMS Bicester Duration 6 weeks Duration 2 weeks Duration 4 weeks Duration 11 weeks Duration weeks

Deence Advanced No 2 Course DEMS Kineton Duration 6 weeks

Sapper EOD Class 2 Potential Non Training in Commissioned Regiment Training Oficer Cadre Duration Duration 6 months 4 weeks

Lance Corporal Military Engineer A1 Trade Course unior Corporal unior Non RE ield Section Class 2 1 Course Commanders Commissioned Commanders 3 RSME Course Oficer Command Course 3 RSME Leadership and 3 RSME Duration Management 10 weeks Duration Course Duration 3 weeks 4 weeks Duration 3 weeks

Sergeant RE Senior Non RE ield Sergeants Senior Non Sta Sergeant Warrant Oficer Warrant Oficer Warrant Oficer Warrant Oficer Commissioned Course Commissioned Command Command Command Oficer Course 3 RSME Oficer Command Leadership and Leadership and Leadership and 1 RSME Leadership and Management Management Management Duration Management Course Part 1 Course Part 2 Course Part 3 Duration 10 weeks Course 2 weeks Arms and Service Work Place Proessional Duration Induction Development 3 weeks

INTERNATIONAL TRAINING International courses: FUTURE

DEMS Trg Regt has a world-wide Looking to the future it is obvious that CMD: reputation and believes that the opportunity there will always be a need for the skills to provide international training courses International intermediate/ and techniques taught by the DEMS plays a vital role in bringing security and Trg Regt. Adapting new approaches advanced diver stability to the unpredictable world we live to training, introducing novel and in today. As well as the standard courses IEDD international course (Felix Centre) innovative technologies combined with listed, the Regt can provide bespoke the excellent links to the Field Army Search: courses that offer EOD capability for ensure that the training is always fit for specific conditions, environments or NATO Search Team purpose and that students are up-to- threats that students might encounter. speed on all the latest threats and risks. NATO Search Advisor Working together with the client, the DEMS experts will assess the requirement and International Search Advisor Whatever the challenges, the role of the build a custom-built course to provide an Def EOD Op, the bomb disposal expert, Munitions: efficient and effective training solution. will continue to be important within the International AT Armed Forces and DEMS Trg Regt at both Bicester and Kineton are be proud to play International ATO such a central role in their many operations both within the UK and overseas.

10 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 WHAT IS TRAINING?

A function of command Training Continuous and progressive It must be relevant

It must be challenging and interesting

It must be realistic update It must have an aim and objective(s) It must be continually reviewed for effectiveness

It must reflect operational doctrine It’s the ten-year anniversary of the Engineer remained suitably equipped and signing of the RSME Public Private qualified to meet the demands of the Field It must be permissive of error Partnership (PPP) Contract and that Army. At the same time, rapid advances It must be appropriately safe decade has seen an impressive in technology have been fully recognised amount of change. A casual observer and incorporated as tools and approaches It must be exploited cannot fail to be impressed by the wherever they are seen to add value. new build accommodation as well (Combined Arms Operations: Vol 1, Part 7) as the vastly improved domestic The military and the Army in particular, and training infrastructure, which continue to face fast-paced and varied has transformed the training estate. demands. A critical factor of any training However, more impressive still are the programme must be the capability to practical real-world experience that can be fundamental changes to the training meet these present and future challenges. shared with students and trainers alike. methods at the RSME Group both The RSME Group has always maintained in terms of direct delivery and in the effective communication with the Field In addition Holdfast trainers also deploy new approaches, support teams and Army both through formal links such as the to overseas locations to provide essential processes that underpin the training. Royal Engineer Training Development Team training either to Royal Engineers on (RETDT) but also through extensive reach- operations or to locally employed Right from the earliest days of the PPP, back activities that ensure a constant up- contractors. In recent years this has included the focus was upon the student. The to-date awareness of the latest challenges support in Kenya, Belize and the Falkland goal was always to make the process and operational experiences. In addition, Islands. There is no typical deployment. of learning more engaging and realistic, the presence of experienced military Training can cover a wide range of basic plant whilst ensuring that the trained Royal personnel within the RSME Group brings operation to more specialist qualifications.

11 In Kenya and Belize the team trained ARTISAN TRAINING TRANSFORMATION The main benefit of this adaptive, blended local contractors to operate a range of approach is that it can be adjusted for The initial transformation efforts focussed plant equipment whereas in the Falklands individual learning styles and personal on the artisan courses based at Specialist Qualification training was abilities, allowing trainers to focus Chatham. To date, 55% of these courses provided to deployed Royal Engineers on support when and where it is needed. have been transformed, with a further Wheeled Excavator, Medium Dump Truck 22% in progress and 22% in pilot. and the Kings Trailer. As well as providing One of the key lessons learned has a cost-effective solution, the experience been the importance of establishing The new training methodology that was is also invaluable for the trainers, giving the right environment to support adopted is learner led and activity-based. them an insight into the role of the Royal transformation, creating the right balance It is enabled by an Enhanced Learning Engineer on operations overseas. between time, location, technology Environment (ELE) accessible 24/7 and the expertise of the trainer. through issued tablet computers, that It was recognised right at the start of allows students to access all learning the Contract that there was a clear need material, evaluation quizzes and games to challenge the way that training was at any time. The ELE also provides To date, 55% of these carried out at the RSME and the training a platform for trainers to review and transformation programme was created in courses have been analyse the students’ performance. Over response to this need. This has been well the duration of the course the student transformed, with a documented in the pages of RSME Matters develops an online portfolio which forms over the last ten years, but it’s worth taking further 22% in progress part of the final assessment and counts a step back and reviewing progress so far. towards related civilian qualifications. and 22% in pilot

ARTISAN PROGRESS

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10 Statement of Training Tasks Statement of Training 0 PET MPF APLO Clerk of Works Plant Management ME (Des Dtmn) 0-2 ME (Fabricator) 0-2 ME (Electrician) 0-2 ME (Electrician) 2-1 ME (Dtmn E & M) 0-2 ME (Fitter General) 0-2 ME (Fitter General) ME (Fitter Equipment) 2-1 ME (Fabricator/Welder) 2-1 ME (Fabricator/Welder) ME (Surveyor Engineer) 0-2 ME (Surveyor Engineer) 2-1 ME (Carpenter & Joiner) 0-2 ME (Carpenter & Joiner) 2-1 ME (Well Driller) 0-2 Module ME (Well ME (Heating & Plumbing) 0-2 ME (Heating & Plumbing) 2-1 ME (Design Draughtsman) 2-1 ME (Design Draughtsman) ME (Bricklayer & Concretor) 0-2 & Concretor) ME (Bricklayer 2-1 & Concretor) ME (Bricklayer ME (Plant Operator Mechanic) 0-2 Mechanic) ME (Plant Operator 2-1 Mechanic) ME (Plant Operator ME (Fitter Utilities & Petroleum) 2-1 ME (Building & Structural Finisher) 0-2 ME (Building & Structural Finisher) 2-1 ME (Building & Structural Completed (55%) ME (Construction Materials Technician) 0-2 Technician) ME (Construction Materials 2-1 Technician) ME (Construction Materials In Process (22%) ME (Fitter Air Conditioning & Refrigeration) 0-2 Air Conditioning & Refrigeration) ME (Fitter 2-1 Air Conditioning & Refrigeration) ME (Fitter ME (Draughtsman Electrical & Mechanical) 2-1 Electrical & Mechanical) ME (Draughtsman All Arms General Purpose Field Power Instructor Arms Purpose Field Power General All Pilot (22%) Course Not Started (1%) 12 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 TRAINING TRANSFORMATION ENVIRONMENT

Investment in technology

Pan-site WiFi access

Mobile tablet devices (1,000+ deployed)

Dedicated learning spaces

The new approach has resulted in a the required standards. Trainers have Command Training Facility (Minley) significant reduction in the length of commented that students returning on Soldier Space (Brompton) courses; an average of 23%. The increased more advanced courses who had already flexibility inherent in the transformation completed transformed courses were Burgoyne Study Centre (Minley) approach has also resulted in a major better prepared and more able to engage. Investment in training facilities reduction in the number of Students on Holdover, as students can progress As the course content is modular, Classrooms at their own pace and also re-join a updating is much easier and additional Workshops course following injury or illness. specialist courses, for example for Reserve personnel, can be easily and effectively Investment in trainers On completion of the transformed developed using existing material. Continuous professional courses students are more confident development (CPD) and proactive, having had the ability The transformation programme has to progress through the training at now extended to include the longer Coaching and mentoring their own rate. With the emphasis on courses such as Clerk of Works Level 5 teaching qualifications achieving good operational outcomes, and Military Plant Foreman. students are competent in practical situations and have a positive sense of achievement on completion of the course.

Centralised course materials, housed in the ELE, can be more easily kept up-to-date to ensure that students are accessing the best possible source and training materials. Developed by the specialist training development technical team, the online materials should always represent the best available training material. Involvement with the trainers as subject matter experts (SMEs) during the course redesign ensures that all material is relevant, accurate and appropriate. Any lessons learned or feedback from the Field Army can be quickly incorporated centrally into the course content.

The quality of the training output is regularly subject to both internal and external evaluation to ensure that the needs of the Field Army are being met and that the training is delivered to

13 critical to enable both students and trainers to access course materials at all times.

Course content development was another important element. The presence of a dedicated team working alongside the trainer SMEs was essential. The input of the SMEs cannot be underestimated and it has always been important to allow them time to contribute and to also provide them with the appropriate training. This enabled them to understand and support all the elements of the change management process as well as the specification and COMBAT SAPPER UPDATE generation of new course content. Higher overall pass rate (+5%) Project Combat Sapper was the focus The final lesson learned was the strength of the ‘Special Feature’ in RSME Matters Increased competency of the Holdfast/RSME partnership. This issue 17. The scope of Combat Sapper 200% increase in training time enabled a level of collaborative working that stretched from the initial B3 course, which brought together all key stakeholders on takes the individual from basic soldier to Encouragement of peer to peer learning a regular basis, all working to a common Royal Engineer Sapper, through the more Training related closely to Field Army roles goal. Without this ability the process advanced B2 and B1 courses and up to would have been far more difficult. Junior Non-Commissioned Officer (JNCO), Wider access to course materials, Senior Non-Commissioned Officer (SNCO), including pre and post course access Ten years on, the substantial changes and Quarter Master Sergeant Instructor to the training programme are proving a (QMSI). The majority of this training takes resounding success. With new lessons place at Gibraltar Barracks, Minley. Combat Sapper courses are now fully being learnt and applied at each step of operational for both B3 and B1 Combat the way, hand-in-hand with the application Supported by the same investment in Engineering courses, having received of new technology, positive changes are technology, infrastructure, equipment positive internal evaluation feedback. apparent in the competency and attitude and training as the artisan transformation, In addition, the transformation of the of students. Holdfast won’t rest on its Combat Sapper also brings in the concept Field Section Commanders’ Course is laurels though and will continue the drive of a common training scenario – the complete, the QMSI Course is progressing for excellence during the remainder of the Decisive Action Training Environment through the pilot stage and the Field transformation process and beyond. (DATE). Whereas previously training Sergeants’ Course pilot commences was trainer and equipment focussed, in January 2019. All courses are being it now follows the real-life phases of mapped across to the relevant Reserve operations such as preparation, mobility courses. The suite of Assault Pioneer and sustainability. Training tasks are Courses from Assault Soldier to Assault mission-based, and the completion of Pioneer SSgt are also in development. tasks fulfils multiple learning points and allows personal technical and leadership Lessons learned from Combat Sapper development for both students and trainers. are unsurprisingly very similar to those from the artisan transformation. These Underpinning knowledge is delivered include the need to have an effective by e-learning and formative testing. communications plan and to identify The trainer takes on the role of section champions and supporters early in commander (for the B3 courses) and is the process to ensure buy in. It is also able to reinforce learning through structured important to base any transformation questions and activities. Over the duration project on the basis of current of a course, trainers develop an excellent requirements, as this will drive progress. understanding of the students’ capabilities and are able to tailor support accordingly. The infrastructure and technology must be in place and effective to support the new Students now come to the practical approach. In the case of Combat Sapper, exercises better prepared, and as a this included a major refurbishment and result they are able to spend a greater redesign of the external training area to proportion of their time on the training create the training lanes required to enable To find out more about the Combat area, participating in practical training the common scenario-based exercises. Sapper project, download the and working together as a section. Initial Tablet availability and WiFi connectivity special feature in RSME Matters 17 findings are very positive, and include: to the ELE from all training locations was at www.holdfasttraining.co.uk/ rsme-matters

14 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 FEATURE

The Royal School of Military Engineering (RSME) Private Public Partnership (PPP) between the Secretary of State for Defence and Holdfast Training Services was signed in August 2008. The 30-year Contract aims to improve training through upfront investment and the introduction of best practice from across the commercial sector. As well as a 7-year construction phase, the Contract includes training delivery, training support, hard FM and soft FM services.

In order to manage such significant change within a large and long-established institution, a different approach and ways of working were required. With only a short lead-in time before service delivery was due to commence (January 2009), a period of intensive planning, training and live exercises was undertaken and a central Service Support Desk (SSD) created. The SSD, which acts as a single point of contact for service delivery across the RSME PPP sites, proved integral to the seamless transition from Authority to Contractor delivered services and is key to the Contract’s continued success. Innovation at the RSME Group

15 professional engineer courses are carried out as sections Across the RSME PPP of Military Plant Foreman and and troops, which also creates Clerk of Works and more opportunities for leadership Contract sites, the simplest recently the Combat Engineer experience and development continuum of courses under the within the Cpl trainer team. definition of innovation, title of Project Combat Sapper. The transformation is continuing with the more from the Oxford English This project has required senior courses now operating innovation not only in the successfully or at pilot stage. Dictionary, is the most approach to training but in the development of the training Further examples of innovation valid. ‘Make changes in estate to support the many can be found in other areas realistic exercises within the across the RSME Group. something established by new course structure. New Working alongside the training lanes and features Class 3 course at Minley introducing new methods, such as bridging gaps and the Physical Training (PT) mine fields have been created team realised that the fitness ideas or products’ and new technology deployed training was not preparing to enable access to training students adequately for the Early in the Contract, a approach to the traditional materials wherever students various physical phases of consultancy firm was engaged training methods in-place at and trainers might be located. the course. In a radical move, to determine how best to the RSME. However, through the team restructured the ‘transform’ the training to a comprehensive change To add to the realism of the PT, targeting the skills and achieve the desired outcomes: management programme training, Class 3 students fitness needs of the course cost and time savings, early focussed initially on Fabricator train in sections, led by a as it develops. For example, release of trained soldiers back trade training, the methodology Cpl trainer throughout their ensuring that students have to the Field Army and most was successfully implemented. course. The section takes completed strength building importantly a better trained The transformation programme on responsibility for the training before they tackle soldier. The study identified has now been rolled out management of all G1098 the physically demanding an innovative approach to and a total of 36,500 man- (G10) stores for the duration of bridging element. This has the redesign and delivery training days have been the course. This brings a real already seen a reduction in of the technical training saved as at 1 Sep 18. awareness of section operation minor injuries during training. courses at Chatham through to the students, mirroring the the adoption of the Fixed The initiative has been processes and procedures they To support the FMVT training Mastery Variable Time (FMVT) extended to include the more will use once they reach the transformation initiative, methodology; a very different technical and demanding Field Army. Course elements one of the critical but less

16 FEATURE obvious innovations was establishing the processes The transformation programme has now and procedures that, together with the appropriate people been rolled out and a total of 36,500 man- and resources, turned the Formal Training Statement training days have been saved to date (FTS) provided by the Authority into a detailed set of training with local military SMEs, is defined and captured. authoring skills and specialist courses and supporting who create a step-by-step Training is provided to ensure software has enabled them material. The development of storyboard of each new the SMEs can effectively to support the development this course material remains course to ensure that all the participate in the storyboarding of new course material. a very thorough process that training objectives are met process. For other team However such major involves a multi-disciplinary and that use of new and members, retraining in new transformation doesn’t take team working together innovative training materials techniques such as rapid place in isolation and much additional work has been carried out across the RSME to enable the process to succeed. This has required all at the RSME to look for new and innovative ways of working and to explore applications of new technologies and methodologies that can be deployed in support of the training effort.

17 The application of cutting- edge technology is what most people imagine when innovation is first mentioned and what excites them most. The RSME team was and continues to be committed to learn from the best-in- class and to explore all potential technologies and approaches. Early on, a ‘task force’ was set up to provide an evaluation and review pathway to determine the potential applications of emerging technologies including Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality systems, 360-degree live video and immersive simulation.

VIRTUAL REALITY (VR)

Utilising specialist software and sensors VR totally immerses the user in a virtual world that they can interact with. When VR users look and walk around, the view of the world adjusts in the same way it would if looking and walking in the real world.

Systems are now less expensive, however some users experience motion sickness.

AUGMENTED REALITY (AR)

Similar to VR, AR allows a view of data through a headset and sensors. However the information is overlaid onto a view of the real world. Many smartphones now run augmented reality gaming applications such as Pokémon.

Systems are currently expensive and of limited availability but are seen as the ‘Rolls Royce’ solution.

MIXED REALITY (MR)

This combines the best of both VR and AR. MR allows the user to see the real world plus additional virtual objects that can be anchored to points in real space. Interaction with the objects is possible and as the user is sensing his real surroundings the systems can be operated safely and single-handedly. Technology 18 FEATURE Through this process, some technology was quickly deployed including in-house 3D-printing to produce training aids and environmentally friendly dummy munitions for use on exercise. Also, live- streamed video was used to provide feedback (via cab- mounted tablets) during Plant Operator Mechanic training. An obvious next step on from this would have been to introduce virtual reality simulation, however early trials highlighted an issue with motion sickness that has limited its use.

Although new and emerging technology can often appear to be prohibitively expensive, early trials and pilot work should still be encouraged as useful feedback can be gained that can be revisited once costs inevitably reduce as technology matures. An 360 degree imaging is now projectors, combined with the the simulation of battlefield example of this was the use of successfully deployed within installation of power supplies, engineering tasks and the 360 degree imaging in the Plant the training environment. upgraded shelters and training practice of radio and other Operator Mechanic training facilities as well as the ability communication protocols in area. Through a live trial it was Another idea was to move more to access Wi-Fi, mean that real-time. The facility enables proven that the technology training from the classroom students and trainers are no the students to experience a would add real value to the to the training areas through longer tied to the classroom realistic battlefield environment training environment. The early the use of battery-operated and much of the training can complete with background camera arrays were heavy and portable projectors. Whilst be conducted in the field. sounds and the separation expensive, though, and the this would have enhanced of participants within various image processing computer- the training experience, the An exciting stand-alone vehicle-based roles. It has intensive and very time cost of the portable projectors simulation environment based proven to be an excellent consuming, and so a decision precluded their use. However around the Virtual Battlefield preparation for the live outdoor was taken not to proceed. over time, the price of projectors 3 simulation system has exercises. Previously this However as the technology decreased significantly and they been created at Minley; the type of training could only advanced and cheaper off- were able to be successfully Command Training Facility be carried out at specialist, the-shelf commercial units that introduced within the field (CTF). Customised to support off-site locations, often with could live-stream 360 degree training areas; both for after- the Combat Sapper courses restricted availability. video became readily available, action reviews and the delivery and the common operating this decision was reversed and of direct training content. The scenario, the facility allows

EXAMPLES OF INNOVATION (TECHNOLOGY)

Installation of high- Wider use Development of an in-house facility Deployment of modern capacity broadband and of video, to carry out on-site tablet repairs interactive AV technology WiFi to enable the use animation, of tablet computers 24/7 audio and other Utilisation of problem and task- Use of live Facilitation of by students and staff non-text media based e-learning design video feedback distance learning during training and reach-back Use of mobile tablets Use of subliminal learning and gaming applications

Development of accessible online systems such as the Introduction of QR codes Introduction of an Enhanced Learning Environment (ELE) and Modular Object- on credit cards and electronic parking Orientated Dynamic Learning Environment (MOODLE) posters/welcome packs management system

Utilisation of 3D printing utilised (eg model Pilot of virtual, augmented Deployment of 360 Wider exploitation of batteries to allow practical exercises) and mixed reality degree images and video simulation technologies

19 3D PRINTING QR CODES

A 3D printer was purchased to students in the connection Students need easy access and effective way to deliver evaluate how the technology and operation of batteries to induction and training the information, particularly could be used at the RSME. sets in the classroom, before material and historically this as the majority of, if not all, Many demonstration items they moved onto live systems. information was delivered in students have access to smart were produced and the results Following on from this success, many forms, by various means phones and tablet computers. shared during innovation several other 3D printers were and was not always up to The technology is also used demonstration days. Following purchased and many more date. In order to standardise on credit cards and posters one event an trainer had the complex training aids produced how and what information was enabling students to access idea to use the 3D printer to in-house with significant delivered, a long-established the information via their device create models of batteries that associated cost savings. technology, QR codes, was in the classroom, workshop, could then be used to instruct identified as the most efficient canteen or accommodation.

Development Innovation is not just limited a tailor-made solution that break-out areas and syndicate expensive traditional methods, to the direct delivery of supports the delivery of rooms, all accessible 24/7. such as the installation of training. The new Single Living scenario-based training. scaffolding or deployment of Accommodation was built Holdfast is also leading the way mobile access platforms. using modular construction in the facilities management THE BURGOYNE CENTRE techniques which significantly arena through the use of drones The installation of low energy shortened the on-site An existing model room at within a MoD environment and lighting and light tubes to bring construction times and enabled Minley was scheduled to be was the first company to be daylight to offices which have the projects to be completed refurbished, however during the fully certified, meeting not only no or limited access to natural on time and budget. Similarly design phase it was decided the CAA licensing requirements light all further contributes to the development of the estate that a model room was no but also satisfying specific MoD the day-to-day welfare of staff at Minley has been an important longer required and that the security and access constraints. and students. Additionally it enabler, supporting the space could be used for another The use of the drone enables is anticipated that the newly Combat Sapper transformation purpose. The resulting Burgoyne engineers to safely inspect deployed energy management process. New training lanes Centre is a modern educational high-level assets, something system will have a positive and the redevelopment of facility complete with Wi-Fi, that previously required impact both financially and existing training areas provide immersive learning technologies, complex, time-consuming and on the environment.

20 FEATURE Process

While many of the innovations it is important to recognise that comprehensive set of resources acted as informal ambassadors employed across the Contract innovation can also be seen as and training materials. Fear of for change, often diffusing are a direct result of the training a threat or challenge by some, the unknown and the challenge feelings of threat and transformation process, many as a first reaction can be either of adopting new ways of demonstrating to their peers others resulted from the need that the introduction of new working and methodologies the challenges and benefits that to solve a particular problem technology and processes will added to the uncertainty. This they can expect to encounter or the realisation of how lead to jobs cuts or the role of was recognised and through on the road ahead. existing technology could be the trainer will be diminished; a combination of meetings, utilised at the RSME to further effective communication and forums, briefings and most enhance the learning and work training can tackle these importantly training, centralised environment. Most of these concerns. For example, training electronic-based course ideas were and continue to transformation included the materials were developed and be generated by the ‘shop floor’ supported by Line Management, with pilots and trials regularly funded and used Fear of the unknown and to assess utility, particularly if implementation would result in a radical change to working the challenge of adopting practices, or if costly. This process not only allows failure and the learning of lessons but new ways of working and also following a successful trial, enables later implementation if initial investment costs methodologies added prevent the idea being applied in the short term. to the uncertainty Forums for sharing innovations are useful to introduce new move to centralised electronic- implemented successfully. Also ideas to a wider audience based course materials. This enthusiastic early adopters and in particular to those who was a challenge for some of the (local champions) played may be able to utilise and trainers to accept as many had a major role in the training implement within their own developed their own bespoke transformation process and areas of responsibility. However

Ideas TRIALS PILOTS

Innovation Problems Applications Teams/Forums

R R Technology E V I E W E V I E W

21 In Summary At the RSME, training transformation is the visible and quantifiable success that highlights the benefits of operating within a culture of innovation. However, no innovation stands alone and it is only by committing to a series of investments and projects, involving people, technology, IT, infrastructure and support services, that this transformation has been achieved. Freethinking and the freedom to explore new ideas is key and should be encouraged but contained within a framework to ensure only the best solutions are selected that enhance the learning and/or working environment. The work to transform the training continues with the more complex technical courses being piloted and the Combat Sapper project moving on to the RE Troop Commander Course.

Holdfast is committed to continuing to invest and innovate at the RSME and is proud of what has been achieved since the start of the RSME PPP Contract. 1,000 people, 1,000 ideas Ideas can come from anywhere Lessons learned

The 30-year term of the Innovation is not just - Communications, ‘Older’ technology or systems RSME PPP Contract technical in nature procedures, processes and can be used innovatively encourages long-term evaluation must be effective (for example QR codes) Investment is required in investment and thinking people, facilities, systems - Success should be Potential innovation that Partnering and trust underpin and technology celebrated but equally may not work in one area the ability to manage and failure must be permitted may transform another These elements are critical to implement change create a culture of innovation: - Lessons learned and Innovation must add value Innovation can be a catalyst best practice should be and not be at any cost - Essential to engage and train for successful change shared both within the staff in new methodologies and transformation or RSME and beyond and processes provide enabling support

22 FEATURE Environment and Social Every organisation has an impact on the environment and the world around it. Businesses are increasingly aware of the importance of this corporate and environmental social responsibility. The RSME Group is fully behind this concept, looking for opportunities to operate in an environmentally sustainable way while at the same time making a positive contribution to the community at large and particularly those with engineering links.

With initiatives involved in everything from waste reduction to promoting Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) in local schools, the RSME Group considers socially responsible investment as an important and growing priority. Some of the more recent initiatives are explained below.

FOOD WASTE REDUCTION

The challenge for any catering organisation is the production of a well-balanced, nutritional and varied menu whilst keeping food wastage to a minimum. And for the RSME catering teams it is no different, with ever changing student numbers and meal uptakes varying on a day to day basis. To tackle the problem two at the RSME, with a reduction in food and has reduced the potential number of new initiatives have been introduced by waste of over 30% being achieved since errors inherent in the manual system. ESS. The first is the introduction of the its introduction, that it is being adopted ‘Winnow’ technology and involves the across the whole of the Compass Group. The other recently introduced initiative at weighing and electronic recording of the RSME is the use of multi-temperature all waste produced during the catering The system also enables catering staff vehicles for deliveries allowing frozen, chilled process, including the kitchen preparation to monitor the 12-14 potential allergens and ambient foodstuffs to be delivered areas and the food waste left over after used within the menus and to provide on a single vehicle. This streamlining of each meal. In real time this information suitable information at the point of sale the supply chain has directly reduced shows staff the value of each item thrown so that the consumer can identify any the environmental impact of the catering away, which not only drives behavioural potential risk before purchasing food. The operation with the number of vehicle change but enables them to track how new online system, utilised by the team deliveries reduced from nine to three per and what food is wasted and to identify at the RSME, replaces a complex paper- week. Also, by working together with their areas where food waste can be reduced. based system that previously required the suppliers, single vehicles are now delivering The initiative has proved so successful completion of over 17 separate forms daily products to ESS from multiple sources.

23 THE ELIMINATION OF PLASTIC

Single use plastic cups have been in the national headlines recently as a major concern for the environment. Recognising this, at the water fountains installed at key locations Holdfast has replaced the plastic drinking cups with paper drinking cones that after use can be dropped into the nearby recycling bins. The Fitters’ Café at Chatham is also offering a 25 pence discount on all drinks if a reusable cup is used, an initiative that is proving very popular and also results in a direct reduction in waste production.

Customers can also come into the Fitters’ Cafe and request used coffee grounds for free. The grounds can be used to bring a garden to life either as a natural plant fertiliser or to create a naturally balanced compost pile. Apparently the grounds are great for fending off snails and slugs too!

CLEANING GROUNDS MAINTENANCE that all is done to safeguard any protected habitats or species. The recent Combat ESS is using a new cleaning system that The RSME Group is a large training Sapper Project at Minley was one such uses stabilised aqueous ozone (SAO) estate spread over several sites. The project, where new training infrastructure as the primary cleaning agent on hard transformation of training across the Group was required that involved the removal of surfaces to replace the chemical-based has created both opportunities for and trees and the construction of new training cleaning products traditionally used. An challenges to the natural environment. lanes and bridging gaps; to protect the innovative system converts the oxygen As part of every development project the local population of slow worms, hand found naturally in water to SAO, which environmental impact is reviewed. Where cutting of vegetation was carried out to is active for up to four hours and is a possible trees and habitats are preserved minimise disturbance of their habitat. powerful cleaning and sanitising agent. and managed to encourage the local fauna This process has been certified as safe and flora. Examples of this can be seen The RSME is proud of the ground for use in the most sensitive environments on the Brompton Barracks site where maintenance that is done around the by regulatory bodies across the globe mature trees were protected during the RSME PPP sites by the contractor and provides a sustainable alternative construction phase of the PPP and are Gavin Jones. Recently, the quality of to traditional cleaning chemicals and now flourishing, adding both amenity and this work was recognised with the their environmental impact. Not only are environmental value to the site. Also as presentation of a National Landscape costs reduced but the impact on the part of the estate management plan all Award (Limited Public Access category) environment lessened and the number of the woodland environment has been by the British Association of Landscape of potential health and safety incidents surveyed and is actively managed, allowing Industries (BALI) and in particular for the from the handling of hazardous cleaning local wildlife to thrive. Furthermore, during contractor’s ability to balance the history materials also greatly diminished. the planning phase of all infrastructure and military use of the training estate projects, the RSME works closely with with environmental considerations. interested parties such as Natural England and various wildlife organisations to ensure

The RSME is proud of the ground maintenance that is done around the RSME PPP sites. Recently, the quality of this work was recognised with a National Landscape Award (Limited Public Access category)

24 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

The RSME Group is always keen Opportunities to engage with Community engagement is also promoted to support community activities, local schools are always sought. through the Corps Memorial Weekend ranging from something as small as This year engagement included a and support for the Armed Forces Day as the provision of a strip for a local competition held in July to design well as seasonal events such as bonfire youth football team through to a an environmental awareness poster. night and Christmas social events. nationwide initiative such as the Jubilee The theme was the environmental As well as these official events, routine Sailing Trust, a charity that provides threat from plastic and wet wipes. exercises can sometimes become the opportunities for people of all physical Where possible sponsorship opportunities focus of more informal public engagement. abilities through the challenge and are also offered to local schools and The recent Exercise on Rochester Bridge adventure of sailing tall ships on the colleges to promote the importance by the RETCC, where the local community open sea (www.jst.org.uk). The range and excitement around STEM as a was able to see Royal Engineers in action and scope of the support is impressive. potential career path. This included Hoo ‘up close and personal’, has proven In this issue we will focus on Medway School’s participation in the Jaguar very popular with the general public activities but in future issues we Primary School F1 Challenge, where and senior stakeholders alike. Members will look across the RSME Group. the school’s team had to make an of the public turned out to watch the aerodynamic model F1 car which was exercise throughout the night and it As in all businesses there is a regular raced against other participating schools. proved an excellent visual demonstration cycle of updating of IT equipment. of the work carried out by RSME. Any redundant equipment that can be Armed Forces Cadet Groups are used by local community groups after hosted in an annual team event where A charity local to Brompton Barracks, suitable ‘cleaning’ and refurbishment they get the chance to engage with a Arethusa Venture Centre in Medway, is donated for specific projects. wide range of Royal Engineering ‘kit’ recently called upon Pearson TQ for including combat support boats. help. As part of the Shaftesbury Young The RSME Group supports a range People (www.shaftsburyyoungpeople. of fund raising activities for a wide In February and November 2018 the org) charity, Arethusa run residential range of charities. These can include RSME launched and will close the courses for children from four upwards on-site activities such as cake sales Army Year of Engineering events, which from schools, scout and guide packs, and physical challenges through to will feature in RSME Matters 19. charities and foster care organisations. national and international events. 2018 also sees the introduction of a new They use their high ropes activity to help Some of these events, such as the initiative which sees Holdfast sponsor build confidence. The activity is one Carpers for Combat Stress 2018, a the Kitchener Scholarships which of the most popular at the centre and 48-hour fishing competition held on will be awarded to students studying needed urgent repairs which Arethusa 28-30 September 18 at Oak Lakes for engineering related degrees. couldn’t afford. Under the direction of Fisheries, Southminster, Essex, help Pearson TQ Practical Plant Training Practical assistance can also be linked to foster a spirit of engagement with Manager Paul Roberts, a team consisting to specific courses. In particular the the public as well as raising funds for a of Garry Shorter, Daniel Cuttill and Phase Military Plant Foreman/Clerk of Works good cause. Organised by Mark Jobling, 2 Training Manager Colin Dimmock courses always include a community Holdfast’s Performance Manager, and provided machinery and manpower to based practical element – possibly Sgt Mathew Herbert of 23 Parachute carry out excavation and repair work. the construction or refurbishment of Engineer Regiment, it raised £1,940. They removed the old 15m pole and a local footpath, bridge or roadway. Sixteen anglers, including both serving erected the new 11m pole, setting it One recent project involved the and veteran Royal Engineers and 1.5 m into the ground for security. The rebuilding of a local footbridge that members of the public took part and charity said that they were ‘incredibly allowed public access to amenity land the winning pair of fishermen caught an grateful’ for the machinery and ‘skilled for the first time in many years. impressive 176lb of carp between them. and friendly’ workforce, and the high ropes activity is now back in service.

ESS has signed up to Project Zheroes, where any excess food is given to local charities and food banks.

CONCLUSION

Each one of these initiatives makes a difference: to individuals, communities and Photograph courtesy of Mathew Herbert to the environment. In addition the RSME Group is proud to be setting an example to others that organisations can be run in an effective way while still maintaining a proactive programme of corporate environmental and social initiatives.

25 Health It’s estimated that workplace stress is the biggest work-related loss, costing businesses £34.9bn every year. Mental health issues often go unrecognised or have a stigma attached, particularly in the workplace, as historically employers have failed to appreciate the damage that such health issues can do to their employees and their business.

The ability to be able to discuss a address, Nik Chapman pointed out that The guest speaker for the day was mental health issue with a line manager whilst the focus of this first seminar was Jon Gow, an ex-Army WO2 with 22 without the fear of repercussion by on improving the health and wellbeing years’ experience; eight years in the creating an atmosphere of support of all personnel, students, trainers and infantry and 14 years in the Royal Army and understanding is something that support staff by increasing awareness of Physical Training Corps. Tours in Bosnia, both Nik Chapman, Holdfast Managing mental health issues, it also marked an Kosovo, Macedonia and Afghanistan Director, and the Comdt RSME important milestone for the RSME. The were followed by a posting as the QMSI Group, are determined to achieve. seminar signalled the start of a series of at Bordon, and in this last post he was events and initiatives to provide managers part of the Trauma Risk Management A long-term commitment that will take with the tools to be able to engage Team as a Mental Health First Aid Trainer. time to develop, the initiative was kick- successfully with employees and guide Jon has experienced stress and mental started with a seminar held at Brompton and support them through the very real health issues first-hand, both at work Barracks in May 2018. In his opening challenge mental health issues provide. and home and is passionate about raising awareness and sharing simple steps that individuals can use to help Current statistics show that one in three themselves through difficult times. In his talk, which was at times was very people affected by mental illness feel personal, Jon explained that anyone can be affected by a mental health unable to tell friends or family and also issue and that there are often no major outward signs that can easily identify that 80% of service veterans feel too someone suffering from anxiety or stress. Current statistics show that one in three ashamed or embarrassed to discuss it people affected by mental illness feel

26 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 Combat Stress, formerly the Ex-Servicemen’s Welfare Society, is the UK’s leading charity for veterans’ mental health. Set up in 1919, their aim is to help former servicemen and women deal with trauma-related mental health problems such as anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They offer life- changing treatment face-to-face, by phone and online to veterans from every service and every conflict. To find out more, visit www.combatstress.org.uk.

unable to tell friends or family and also member or work colleague may have a that 80% of service veterans feel too problem. These signs include changes TEN SIMPLE STEPS: ashamed or embarrassed to discuss it. in behaviour, reduced personal care, an Whilst the topic is currently high profile unwillingness to chat, missed deadlines, If you think something is wrong in the media, at present 75% of people poor time keeping, or something similar. have the confidence to ask suffering with a mental issue receive no However, Jon was keen to stress that it is support, either because they have not not the role of a relation, friend, manager Talk somewhere private sought help or treatment is not readily or colleague to diagnose the problem ‘I have noticed that…’ ‘Is available. In some cases, the situation can but to offer support by taking an active everything OK at home/work?’ deteriorate so much that it can lead to interest in how someone is really feeling. ‘Let’s have a chat over coffee…’ serious medical conditions or in extremis to suicide; the most common cause of The World Federation of Mental Health Encourage them to open up death amongst 20 to 49 year olds. (WFMH) sums this up in their initiative Actively listen ‘Take Ten Together’. The aim is to follow He highlighted that it takes real courage ten simple steps to help individuals Provide empathy and show concern for someone to admit that they have a deal with a mental health issue. At its Encourage them to speak to problem and even more courage to ask simplest, this initiative suggests taking employee Mental Health First Aider for help. This can be doubly hard in the time every now and then to catch up workplace, especially when management with your family, friends, colleagues and Give encouragement and information is unaware of how to support an employee employees to find out how they are Support with passion with a mental health issue. However, there feeling and reinforce the support that’s are often early warning signs of small available to them. The ten simple steps Make sure that their problem changes in an individual’s behaviours are summarised in the following box: doesn’t become your problem that can signal that a friend, family

27 Holdfast are extremely proud Both the Health Fair and the Mental to have won a gold Medway Workplace Wellbeing award Health Day signalled the start in September 2018 under the leadership of Mark Jobling, in their of a long-term commitment by first year of entering. The judges were impressed by the focus Holdfast to improving the health on overall staff wellbeing, which included robust health and safety and wellbeing of all at the RSME procedures across the site and the presence of an ‘effective and The WFMH also recommends things Recognising that prevention is better proactive’ system for the reporting that individuals can do to help reduce than cure, the RSME is also running a of any issues. Other initiatives their likelihood of developing a mental series of physical health and wellbeing singled out for comment were health issue and to increase resilience: initiatives which were featured during the training and risk assessments, Health Fair. The event, held in May 2018, health screening, communication, Keeping active was arranged by Holdfast’s Performance wellbeing days, on site catering Manager Mark Jobling and pulled together and promotion of charitable events Taking up hobbies or sports experts in a wide range of health-related such as Breast Cancer Awareness. Sleeping topics. Everyone at Chatham was invited to go along to learn more about staying Exercising the mind healthy, with advice available on everything Eating a balanced diet from good nutrition and exercise to the After absorbing all the hard-hitting dangers of smoking. The stands were full information available, participants were then Learning a new skill or language of practical advice and activities, with the able to relax with a neck and back massage. Doing something creative most popular activity a cycle-powered Combined with lunchtime presentations on smoothie blender. Participants selected other health issues, the Fair helped people Making time for friends and family the ingredients for their smoothie with help to identify steps they might take to improve Socialising from an expert nutritionist, before leaping their wellbeing and in some cases a visit onto the bike to drive the pedal-powered to their local GP was recommended. Visiting new places blender to make their drink. Another stand Taking a break (Take Ten…) provided more information on healthy eating Further Health Fairs are in planning and included food and mock-tail samples, and already Mental Health First Participating in your local community recipes and preparation advice from two Aid training has been delivered to sous chefs from Chatham. Other stands a number of employees with more focused on a number of common but courses planned. For more information Some of these suggestions seem obvious specific health problems, from exploring contact Mark Jobling, details below. but how many of us put off that promised the dangers of smoking and excessive exercise session or avoid taking up a alcohol consumption to exposure to new hobby? Help is out there and the MARK JOBLING too much sun. Participants were able RSME Group is committed to an ongoing to see the direct effect of smoking on Tel: 01634 822854 proactive programme of communication, lungs, get moles checked by an expert Mob: 07775 021114 events and support to ensure that wellbeing and undertake some basic mobile health [email protected] remains a top priority going forward. screening checks including blood pressure and cholesterol level measurement.

28 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 Horses have played an important role in the Army for many centuries. The Defence Animal Training Regiment (DATR), formerly known as the Defence Animal Centre, was established in Melton Mowbray in 1901. It was originally founded as a training centre to provide the Army with horses who would go on play their part in two world wars as well as in conflicts across the globe. Today the DATR continues to play a key role in the supply and maintenance of all Army horses, from purchase to final resettlement.

Military horses are an important part of the ceremonial activities carried out in the UK. The horses used for such duties have all been sourced and cared for throughout their career by the team at DATR on the 345-acre site at Melton Mowbray in Leicestershire. Depending upon the time of year, up to 360 horses will be at the Regiment at any one time. Of these, some 36 will be required to support training courses, 30 for remounts or pending retirement and 20 will be veterinary in-patients, referred for care by the mounted regiments. The remaining horses will be ‘resting and recuperating’ between state ceremonial duties or, if newly purchased, in quarantine.

Horses are deployed to two receiving units: The Household Cavalry and The King’s Troop, Royal Horse Artillery. Both have very exacting requirements for the specialist roles that the horses will need to carry out. The Household Cavalry requires black and grey horses with a minimum height of 16.3 hands (1.66m, measured to the withers, the highest point of the shoulders) so that they are able to carry soldiers in full ceremonial uniform. The King’s Troop, on the other hand requires their lines horses to stand no more than 16.2 hands high (1.64m) and their officers’ chargers to stand bigger than 17hh (1.72m). The horses must range in colour from light bay to black so that they can be teamed into colour-matched gun teams of six. The black team are used to carry the coffin during state funerals, and are permanently on 24 hours’ notice. DATR One of the DATR’s key responsibilities is the annual sourcing of new horses. They purchase around 50 horses each year, with many coming from Ireland where the bloodlines have proved a good source Equine of the robust working horses required. 29 their hooves and the horses are named following a strict protocol for each regiment. At the Household Cavalry, each year the names will begin with a specific letter of the alphabet. Normally the soldiers at the unit will select the names but occasionally members of the public are asked to send in suggestions. Inevitably names often follow a military theme, commemorating a famous battle, place or soldier. For the King’s Troop horses, the names of the gun team horses all start with the first letter of the CO’s surname. The chargers are traditionally named after characters from the books of the famous hunting novelist R. S. Surtees.

All the horses start right at the beginning with very basic walking in-hand training, regardless of their previous training or experience. Training is carried out by the experienced riding staff and rapidly Led by the CO DATR, the commissioning used to carry the mounted timpani drums. progresses to the horses working on the team is made up of a veterinary officer and These are normally UK-sourced Shire lunge (photo) and becoming gradually a riding master. Together, the team are and Clydesdale draught horses, with accustomed to their tack (saddles and responsible for sourcing horses with the long backs and the right temperament bridles). Soon the horses can be ‘backed’ right physical attributes and temperament to stay calm - even when carrying and introduced to carrying a rider. and passing them as suitable for service. the drums and a rider enthusiastically Eventually, they have to become used The riding master (an appointment rather drumming during a ceremonial parade. to carrying up to around 115kg, which than a rank in its own right) is ultimately includes the weight of the rider and up to responsible for all aspects of the horses’ Once selected, each horse is microchipped 30g of ceremonial kit. There is no specific ridden work. Half of the horses will be to avoid any identification errors and period for this training to be completed but the Queen’s Blacks, destined for the is then known as a ‘remount’. The on average it takes around eight months Household Cavalry. As the name suggests, remounts are taken to Melton Mowbray to go from purchase to first parade. there is no compromise on colour and where they undergo a six-week the horse of choice is the Irish Draught, a quarantine period to confirm that they It is not only the new horses that are under powerful and sturdy breed. The horses are are fit and healthy before moving on to training, and new soldiers entering the generally between four and five years old begin their training at their new unit. regiments are also taught how to ride. and may or may not have been broken. Most will have no riding experience, but Once at their unit, the horses are all through the use of skilled trainers and There may also be a need to source given a name and regimental number. experienced horses they are soon ready to specialist horses such as the drum horses The regimental number is engraved onto take their own place on their first parade.

30 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 Each of the units operates from their own USED BY TYPE REQUIREMENT USED FOR barracks in London and is self-contained with the full range of supporting staff, The Household Chargers or 16.3hh to 18hh, middle-to- Mounted band including stable hands, farriers, saddlers, Cavalry Troopers heavyweight hunter types, seamstresses and veterinary surgeons. black all over to carry officers. Minimal white markings are These teams make sure that the horses permitted. are maintained in superb condition and can Grey to carry trumpeters represent the Army during their many duties. These can range from the daily changing Drum horses These are usually ‘heavy’ Carrying kettle of the guard at Whitehall to the famous horses such as Shires or drums as part musical ride of the Royal Horse Artillery. Clydesdale crosses. Greater of the mounted flexibility is allowed, and the band Household Cavalry have had A key part of each day is the daily parade, piebalds, bays and roans where horse, rider and equipment get a The King’s Lines horses 16.2hh, ranging in colour from Gun salutes to very detailed inspection to ensure that Troop black to light bay mark occasions standards are preserved and, in the case such as The of the RHA, that the 12lb gun carriages Wheelers The pair nearest the guns, Queen’s are correctly maintained and can be they tend to be sturdy and birthday, Royal safely operated. Nothing misses the powerful to act as the brakes, births and state stopping the ton-and-a-half visits experienced eye of the inspecting officer. gun which is immediately behind them A typical career for an Army horse can span Leaders Generally tall, athletic horses over 10-15 years and over that time it is who act as the accelerator inevitable that each horse will return to the and set the pace DATR at times for rest and recuperation, further training, the treatment of long-term Centre pair These horses tend to be medical issues and for rehabilitation post slightly smaller, and add extra injury. Top class stabling combined with power where needed high-quality indoor and outdoor training areas and dedicated stable teams ensures that the care that the horses receive back training and ready for deployment. Then, weight. Any major equine surgery is carried at the DATR is second-to-none. The team their manes are ‘hogged’ (clipped off) for out on site in a well-equipped theatre by of civil servants work from dawn to dusk smartness and uniformity. Specific dietary highly skilled veterinary surgeons and alongside the military trainers and veterinary or exercise regimes are strictly adhered support technicians. There is also specialist care team to provide a non-stop round of to, especially for horses recently out of rehabilitation equipment available such as exercising, cleaning and grooming. Each surgery or under treatment. Each horse will the horse walker, a structure which allows horse is checked daily and undergoes receive a daily ration of forage, such as hay horses to be exercised loose to help bring a thorough grooming routine, including or haylage, as well as an additional ration them back into ridden work. There are also brushing, hoofcare and any trimming of concentrates tailored to the individual extensive fields which allow both horses and needed. Horses new to the unit have natural animal to provide essential vitamins and riders to exercise over varied terrain, as well manes until they’re deemed to be out of minerals and to maintain energy levels and as a world-class show jumping arena.

31 Every day a formal inspection of the horses includes a series of practical forging military farriers compete successfully in under care is carried out. The inspection tests enabling the trainers to evaluate international competitions and there are is conducted by an experienced team hand-eye coordination and capability of strong links between the DATR and civilian that includes the OC Equine, senior stable operating in the forge environment. farrier organisations, who often use the site personnel and the veterinary surgeon facilities for biannual trade examinations. responsible for the review of medical The course covers all the practical aspects progress following treatment or post- of foot preparation, the forging and fitting Horses from both regiments retire on surgical recuperation. Additional treatment of a range of shoe types, alongside average around the age of 17 or 18, but may be recommended, or the horse may lessons on equine anatomy, physiology may stay in their active roles longer if be declared fit and released back to its unit. and theory. Once qualified, the farrier will they are fit and well. After retirement, they return to their unit where they will work are sometimes adopted by their human Another critical part of a horse’s wellbeing is the farriery, as on average shoes need to be replaced four to six weeks, and the horse’s Every farrier must spend at least 18 hooves can sometimes require additional work to correct specific problems. The months working with horses at their DATR is where all of the Army farriers are trained before joining one of the two parent unit and be fully qualified in mounted units. It is a very technical trade and the DATR is recognised internationally the mounted trade before they can as world class, with links to one of the oldest guilds in London – the Worshipful apply for the Basic Farrier Course Company of Farriers. Forges belching smoke and flames, the clash of metal-on- under the supervision of one of the more partners or found a carefully selected metal as new shoes are forged from plain experienced farriers. Once they have home with a member of the public. The metal rods and the acrid smell as the shoes completed three years at their unit working Army has strong links with Britain’s oldest are painlessly fitted to each horse make it a as a farrier they can return to DATR to equine charity, The Horse Trust, who always dramatic setting. Every farrier must spend complete the Intermediate Military Farrier have several retirees from both regiments at least 18 months working with horses course and become a Certified Military at their Buckinghamshire headquarters. at their parent unit and be fully qualified in Farrier, recognised and accredited by the No horse in good health is ever put to the mounted trade before they can apply Worshipful Company of Farriers. After a sleep, and retired horses will stay at for the Basic Farrier Course. Potential further two years with their unit the farrier DATR until a permanent home is found. farriers must pass a tough two week may return to complete the coveted selection process, held at the DATR, before Advanced Military Farrier course which Reference: Nimrod: a Cavalry Black by being accepted onto the intensive16- leads to the award of Associate of the Juliet Blaxland, J. A. Allen 2015 week course. The selection process Worshipful Company of Farriers. Many

32 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 THE HOUSEHOLD CAVALRY

The Household Cavalry consists of the two most senior regiments in the British Army – the Life Guards and The Blues and Royals.

The Life Guards date back to 1660, when they were formed to defend the monarch. Since then, the soldiers of Household Cavalry have acted as the monarch’s trusted guardians, as well as being the public face of the British Army both at home and abroad.

The Household Cavalry has also earned a formidable reputation on the battlefield, having served in iconic conflicts from Waterloo to Afghanistan. At home, its duties have ranged from providing security for the 2012 Olympic Games in London to assisting flood victims.

Photograph: Shutterstock

THE KING’S TROOP

The King’s Troop Royal Horse Artillery as The Riding Troop, before being In 2017 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth is a ceremonial mounted unit with renamed by King George VI on his first reviewed the King’s Troop in Hyde origins of dating back to 1793. In inspection. The monarch scratched Park to mark the 70th anniversary 1946 the Regiment, then known as out the name Riding and replaced it since formation. As Her Majesty’s the Royal Horse Artillery, was re- with ‘King’s’ in the visitors’ book. Mounted Ceremonial Battery, the role created as The Riding Troop, after a of the King’s Trooop includes the Royal Decree to instate ‘A Mounted In 1952 the Regiment took part in their firing of Royal Salutes to mark the Battery to fire salutes on state first state funeral – that of George VI – grand occasions of state, including occasions, dressed in the traditional carrying the coffin from Buckingham The Queen’s Birthday Parade, and style’. The Regiment spent only a year Palace to the Palace of Westminster. royal birthdays and births.

33 Kitchener

Photograph courtesy of Holdfast Training Services Ltd Photograph courtesy of Holdfast Training Barracks One of the oldest military sites in the UK, Kitchener Barracks in Chatham, Kent, is being redeveloped into residential accommodation after being identified as surplus to military requirements.

Partly dating back to 1757, the site was Purpose-built accommodation therefore sent to Chatham for basic training before originally called the Chatham Infantry became a necessity, and would allow forces deployment to their regiments. The East Barracks and was renamed in 1928 as to be held in readiness all year round. India Company, set up to peruse a vital a tribute to General Kitchener. Two of trade in commodities such as cotton, the buildings and part of the boundary Chatham was deemed to be an excellent spices and tea from the East Indies, ran wall have Grade II listed status. One of site for this new development as it its own private army in the 18th and early the first large scale Army barracks in was also located conveniently close to 19th centuries and also used the Chatham England, the buildings were designed to Gravesend, a hub for personnel going Infantry Barracks for recruitment. hold around 1,800 men, or approximately to or returning from overseas service. two battalions. The Barracks originally The Barracks were constructed at the By 1793, the French Revolutionary Wars held the garrison who were stationed at height of the Seven Years’ War (1755 to meant that Britain was once again at war Chatham Dockyard and were responsible 1763), a global conflict that involved every with her neighbours. As a result, the troops for guarding the fortifications. contemporary European power. The British based at Chatham increased significantly feared an invasion of their dockyards by in number and variety and pressure for The Barracks mark an important milestone the French, and Chatham was one of accommodation was intense. Even after in the development of the British Army. several strategically important sites to be the Army’s main recruitment centre moved From the beginning of the 18th century, protected by new fortifications in readiness. to the Isle of Wight at the beginning of the British Empire was expanding and the the 19th century, lodging had to be found country’s industrial strength was growing. Later in the 18th century, the next step at Chatham for a number of permanent Britain’s military force was one of the largest in the Barracks’ history was as a national troops. Chatham Infantry Barracks and most powerful in the world, and due to recruitment centre. Continued overseas returned to use as accommodation, and the concentration of Army and Navy forces activity, such as the American War of a new block, originally named Artillery at Chatham the housing solutions in place, 1778 to 1783, meant a constant demand Barracks but quickly becoming known that of camping out in the summer and for soldiers. By 1776, the site was the as Brompton Barracks, was built to ease billeting personnel with local inn-keepers main centre of recruitment for the Army the strain between 1804 and 1806. in the winter, were no longer practicable. and recruits from all over the UK were

34 RSME MATTERS ISSUE 18 THE CAREER OF GENERAL KITCHENER

Born in 1850 in County Kerr, Ireland, was created Viscount Kitchener (later to Horatio Herbert Kitchener was educated become Earl Kitchener) and appointed in Switzerland and at the Royal Military CinC in India. When the First World War Academy in Woolwich. At the age of 21, broke out in 1914, he was appointed he joined the Royal Engineers and took Secretary of State for War and began part in the unsuccessful attempt to relieve to train vast armies of volunteers for General Charles Gordon at Khartoum what he foresaw to be a long conflict. in 1884 to 1885. He was appointed governor general of eastern Sudan in Despite his public popularity, Kitchener’s 1886, and 1892 became Commandder unconventional methods had won in Chief (CinC) of the Egyptian Army. him no friends among his political In 1898, he won back Khartoum from colleagues and his responsibilities the forces of Muhammad Ahmad bin gradually dwindled. He died when the Abdullah and became a national hero. ship, the HMS Hampshire, was sunk by a German mine in 1916. Kitchener was In 1900, he was appointed Chief of Staff on his way to Russia on a diplomatic to Lord Roberts, the commander of mission in an attempt to improve troops in the Boer War. When Roberts communication between the Western came back to the UK, Kitchener stayed in and Eastern Fronts. At the time of his South Africa to deal with Boer resistance death, he was Field Marshal Kitchener, and employed brutal methods to control 1st Earl Kitchener, KG, KP, GCB, civilians. On his return to the UK, he OM, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, and PC.

After the Duke of Wellington’s famous The Barracks were constructed at the height victory at Waterloo in 1815, a turbulent period of warfare came to an end and the of the Seven Years’ War (1755 to 1763), a Army reduced in size. Chatham continued global conflict that involved every contemporary to serve as a hub for both embarkation and reception for overseas troops and European power. The British feared an invasion Chatham Infantry Barracks were still in of their dockyards by the French, and Chatham constant military use. By the mid-19th century, little modernisation had been was one of several strategically important sites to carried out and living conditions had be protected by new fortifications in readiness become very poor. A Royal Commission, appointed to look into the condition of military accommodation nationwide, demolition of all but one of the original developer, the Barracks was used by ordered the provision of new cooking, 18th century blocks. A number of other Holdfast for its MT operation until this washing and sanitary facilities as well as replacement buildings were constructed function was relocated to Wainscott. recreation areas. Specially-constructed and as part of this new development the married quarters were also provided nearby original block remained in continuous The new owners, Top Hat Developments, for wives and children, who had previously use as offices and as a canteen. plan to convert the 11-acre site into a been living in the Barracks. In a bid for residential community, while preserving efficiency, many of the existing buildings In 1981, the 69 Gurkha Field Squadron the integrity of the listed buildings. at the Barracks had an extra storey added moved to Kitchener Barracks prior to rather than being replaced completely. their deployment to the Falklands the following year, and 24 Training Squadron In the 1930s and 1940s, a period of used the site for technical accommodation demolition and rebuilding on either side for both Motor Transport (MT) and Field of the Second World War led to the Troops. Prior to its sale to a housing

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