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Nanoporous Glass-Ceramics Transparent in Infrared Range to Be Used As Optical Sensor-Mechanical and Viscoelastic Properties of the TAS (Te-As-Se) Glass

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Nanoporous Glass-Ceramics Transparent in Infrared Range to Be Used As Optical Sensor-Mechanical and Viscoelastic Properties of the TAS (Te-As-Se) Glass Nanoporous glass-ceramics transparent in infrared range to be used as optical sensor-Mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the TAS (Te-As-Se) glass Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Delaizir, Gaelle Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 26/09/2021 09:42:09 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195636 NANOPOROUS GLASS-CERAMICS TRANSPARENT IN INFRARED RANGE TO BE USED AS OPTICAL SENSOR ___________ MECHANICAL AND VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES OF THE TAS (TE-AS-SE) GLASS by Gaelle Delaizir A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2007 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Gaelle Delaizir entitled : Nanoporous glass-ceramics transparent in infrared range to be used as optical sensor – Mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the TAS (Te-As-Se) glass and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy ___________________________________________________________Date: 11/30/07 (Pierre Lucas) ___________________________________________________________Date: 11/30/07 (B. G. Potter) ___________________________________________________________Date: 11/30/07 (Donald R. Uhlmann) ___________________________________________________________Date: 11/30/07 (Xiang-Hua Zhang) ___________________________________________________________Date: 11/30/07 (Jean-Christophe Sangleboeuf) ___________________________________________________________Date: 11/30/07 (Bruno Bureau) Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. ________________________________________________ Date: 11/30/07 Dissertation Director: Pierre Lucas 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his or her judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED : Gaelle Delaizir 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to all those who gave me the possibility to complete this degree. I want to thank the Department of Materials Science & Engineering and more particularly the head department, Dr J. H. Simmons for giving me the permission to commence this joint Ph.D. degree in his department. I want to gratefully acknowledge Profs. P. Lucas (USA), X. H. Zhang, J. C. Sangleboeuf and B. Bruno (France), my “American-French” and French wonderful advisors, for their dedication to this joint project. This dissertation would not have been possible without their expert guidance. I have enjoyed every moment that we have worked together including those around a drink at Gentle Ben’s. To all of you, thank you. I would like to thank Professor B. G. Potter and Professor D. R. Uhlmann who served on my Ph.D. committee as well as Professor P. A. Deymier who served in the different committees during the different stages of my degree. I am deeply indebted to Professor J. Lucas for his encouragement, advice and mentoring throughout my doctoral studies. I also want to thank his wife for her kindness. My gratitude goes out to Dr. C. Juncker (l’Alsacien) for teaching me how to use and operate on the different equipments in the lab. Ellyn, Allison, Christophe, Ping, Dave, Jessica, Sidd……You were amazing and I enjoyed all these unforgettable moments that we have spent together for partys, poker and shopping. Many thanks. Since I spent time in France, I can not forget to thank Marie-Laure and Virginie (the “girls” team), Thierry P., Thierry J., Didier, Catherine, Johann, Corinne, Seb, Mathieu, Fred C., Fred D., Laurent C., Patrick, Laurent B., Yannick, Quentin, Eric, Sylvain, Erwan, Hong-Li and Professor J. L. Adam, director of this wonderful “Glass & Ceramic” team. Finally, I extend special thanks to my family and friends for their encouragement. I am very happy to have been the “Guinea pig” of this new joint Ph.D. program. It has been an exceptional experience that I will never forget. 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................................................12 LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................................17 ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................................18 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................20 PART 1 : GLASSES AND GLASS-CERAMICS IN THE SYSTEM GES2-SB2S3-CSCL ...................................................................................................24 CHAPTER 1 : BACKGROUND ON CHALCOGENIDE GLASSES AND GLASS-CERAMICS ................24 1.1 Chalcogenide glasses.............................................................................................................24 1.1.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................24 1.1.2 Optical properties.............................................................................................................26 1.1.2.1 Band-gap...................................................................................................................26 1.1.2.2 Multi-phonon absorption ..........................................................................................29 1.1.3 Thermal properties...........................................................................................................31 1.1.4 Viscosity ..........................................................................................................................32 1.1.5 Linear index of refraction ................................................................................................34 1.2 Glass-ceramics.......................................................................................................................35 1.2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................35 1.2.2 Thermodynamic and kinetic approach.............................................................................39 1.2.3 Glass ceramics from oxide glassy matrix ........................................................................42 1.2.4 Glass ceramics from chalcogenide glassy matrix ............................................................47 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued CHAPTER 2 : NANOPOROUS GLASS-CERAMICS USED AS BIOSENSOR .......................................49 2.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................................49 2.2 Ternary system GeS2-Sb2S3-CsCl........................................................................................50 2.3 Glass preparation..................................................................................................................51 2.4 Physical properties................................................................................................................53 2.4.1 Thermal properties...........................................................................................................53 2.4.2 Thermal expansion coefficient.........................................................................................54 2.4.3 Viscosity ..........................................................................................................................55 2.4.4 Optical properties.............................................................................................................56 2.5 Glass ceramic.........................................................................................................................57 2.5.1 Thermal treatment............................................................................................................57 2.5.2 Optical properties.............................................................................................................58 2.5.3 Influence of crystallization on the linear index of refraction...........................................60 2.5.4 X-Ray diffraction.............................................................................................................60
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