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Fort-Pickens-Gateway-Community Contents Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Fort Pickens Area .......................................................... 1-1 1.2 Previous Studies ............................................................ 1-3 1.3 Alternative Transportation Study and Goals .......................... 1-4 1.4 Report Structure ........................................................... 1-4 Chapter 2: Gulf Islands National Seashore Overview 2.1 Introduction ................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Resource Condition Assessment Related to Transportation ....... 2-4 2.3 Visitation ..................................................................... 2-6 2.4 Regional Trends ............................................................ 2-9 Chapter 3: Current Transportation Conditions 3.1 Transportation Modes to Fort Pickens ................................. 3-1 3.2 Existing Contracts, Agreements, and Regulatory Requirements . 3-7 3.3 Activity Nodes ............................................................... 3-9 Chapter 4: Stakeholder Partnership Opportunities 4.1 Introduction ................................................................. 4-1 4.2 Partnership Opportunities by Stakeholder ............................ 4-2 4.3 Partnership Opportunities by Mode .................................... 4-5 Chapter 5: State of the Practice 5.1 Introduction ................................................................. 5-1 5.2 Water-Based Alternative Transportation Systems ................... 5-2 5.3 Shuttle/Bus Alternative Transportation Systems .................. 5-11 5.4 Alternative Fuels Overview ............................................ 5-20 5.5 Conclusions ................................................................ 5-21 Chapter 6: Service Options 6.1 Ferry Service ................................................................ 6-1 6.2 Ferry Service Characteristics ............................................ 6-2 6.3 Commercial Use Authorization Services ............................. 6-26 6.4 Improved Bicycle Facilities ............................................. 6-27 6.5 ECAT Bus Service ......................................................... 6-30 6.6 Seasonal Trolley Service ................................................ 6-35 6.7 Internal Circulation Service ............................................ 6-37 6.8 Road Closures – Impacts/Options ...................................... 6-41 Chapter 7: Conclusions and Next Steps 7.1 Ferry Service to Fort Pickens ............................................ 7-1 7.2 Commercial Use Authorization Services ............................... 7-3 7.3 Seasonal Trolley Service to Fort Pickens .............................. 7-3 7.4 Intra-park Circulation ..................................................... 7-4 7.5 ECAT Service to Fort Pickens ............................................ 7-5 Figures Figure No. Description Page 1.1 GUIS Study Area: Fort Pickens Area ............................. 1-2 2.1 GUIS Recreational Visitors, 1973-2007 ......................... 2-1 2.2 Fort Pickens Annual Vehicle Visitation ......................... 2-7 2.3 Florida District Modal Split 2003 ................................. 2-7 2.4 Fort Pickens Monthly Visitations by Automobile 2003 ...... 2-8 3.1 Fort Pickens Annual Vehicle Count .............................. 3-2 3.2 Pensacola Region Population Density ........................... 3-9 3.3 Pensacola Region Population and Visitor Density .......... 3-10 3.4 Pensacola Region Activity Nodes ............................... 3-11 6.1 Two Boat Ferry Service Routes .................................. 6-3 6.2 One Boat Ferry Service Routes ................................... 6-7 6.3 Potential Dock Locations at Fort Pickens .................... 6-20 6.4 Dock Concepts for Fort Pickens ................................ 6-24 6.5 Proposed Bicycle Rack Locations .............................. 6-28 6.6 ECAT Service within Fort Pickens Area ....................... 6-33 6.7 Seasonal Trolley Service into Fort Pickens Area ........... 6-35 6.8 Tram Service in Fort Pickens Area ............................ 6-40 Tables Table No. Description Page 2.1 Endangered and Threatened Species in or near the Fort Pickens Area ................................. 2-5 3.1 Parking Capacity .................................................... 3-3 5.1 National Park System Ferry Service ........................... 5-10 5.2 National Park Shuttle/Bus Service ............................. 5-19 3.4 Pensacola Region Activity Nodes ............................... 3-11 6.1 Ferry Boat Travel Time Between Destinations ................ 6-3 6.2 Example Schedule: Two-Boat Service .......................... 6-4 6.3 Cost Estimate: Two-Boat Ferry Service (15-Week Peak Season) ............................................ 6-5 6.4 Ridership Required for Breakeven Operation Two-Boat Ferry Service (15-Week Peak Season) ............. 6-6 6.5 Example Schedule: One-Boat Service ........................... 6-7 6.6 Cost Estimate: One-Boat Ferry Service (15-Week Peak Season) ............................................ 6-8 6.7 Ridership Required for Breakeven Operation One-Boat Ferry Service (15-Week Peak Season) ............. 6-9 6.8 Updated Bourne Study Ridership Estimates: Ferry Service in Pensacola Bay ................................. 6-10 6.9 Ridership Projections between Fort Pickens, Downtown Pensacola, and Quietwater (Daytime) .......... 6-12 6.10 Ridership Projections between Fort Pickens and Quietwater .................................................... 6-13 6.11 Ridership Projections between Fort Pickens and Downtown Pensacola ....................................... 6-14 6.12 Ridership Projections between Downtown Pensacola and Quietwater (Daytime)....................................... 6-15 6.13 Comparison of Updated Bourne Study Ridership Estimates and Ridership Required for Breakeven Operations ........ 6-16 6.14 Class C Cost Estimate for Fort Pickens Pier.................. 6-25 6.15 Example Schedule: Year-Round ECAT Service to Pensacola Beach ............................................... 6-31 6.16 Example Schedule: ECAT Service into Fort Pickens ....... 6-32 6.17 Example Schedule: Seasonal Trolley Service ................ 6-36 Chapter 1: Introduction Established by Congress in 1971, Gulf Islands National Seashore (GUIS) was created to preserve areas possessing outstanding natural, historic, and recreational resources for public use and enjoyment along a 160-mile stretch of the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. The wide variety of natural and cultural resources shaped by the dynamic coastal processes and by the unique historic role of coastal defense of barrier island systems has made the Seashore one of the most popular destinations in the national park system. Unfortunately, a series of hurricanes in 2004 and 2005 significantly damaged roads and other Seashore facilities. While much of the Seashore has recovered, the Fort Pickens Area on Santa Rosa Island in Florida has yet to fully reopen to the public. GUIS is in the process of replacing the sole road leading to this recreational, cultural, and natural- resource-rich site, but this disruption in Seashore operations has underscored the vulnerability of the Fort Pickens Area transportation system. A strategy for supplementing the road with alternative transportation systems is essential to providing consistent public access to the Fort Pickens Area in the future. Additionally, increasing transportation options to the Fort Pickens Area has the potential to reduce congestion and parking demand in the Area while maintaining or increasing visitation. The implementation of alternative transportation systems also has the potential to protect natural resources and reduce impacts on the environment associated with private vehicle transportation. 1.1 Fort Pickens Area The Fort Pickens Area covers over 1,700 acres among the westernmost seven miles of Santa Rosa Island, a long, narrow barrier island (see Figure 1.1). The Fort Pickens Area takes its name from the United States military fort that helped protect Pensacola Bay from 1834 to 1947 and represents one of the greatest concentrations of coastal defense fortifications in the country. Over its history, the fort and surrounding area were updated with evolving military technology. The remnants of this military facility provide visitors with a unique educational experience demonstrating evolving military technology and touching on many important historical events, including the Civil War, Geronimo’s imprisonment, and World War II. In addition to the exciting cultural artifacts, the Fort Pickens Area also contains diverse marine and land ecosystems. The Fort Pickens Area is habitat for federal and state endangered and threatened species and species of special concern, including four species of sea turtles and various shorebirds, and is designated critical habitat for gulf sturgeon. While many visitors come to the Fort Pickens Area to experience the historic or natural resources, many also come for the excellent recreational opportunities. Fishing, beaches, bicycling, hiking, surfing, and camping are all accommodated in the Fort Pickens Area. The two campgrounds include 200 campsites with paved parking pads, water, and electricity, making it one of the few locations in the national park system that can accommodate utility hook-ups for visitors with recreational vehicles. Fort Pickens/Gateway Community Alternative Transportation Study 1-1 Chapter 1: Introduction Figure 1.11 GUIS Study Area:
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