Aerospace World

By Peter Grier

F-22 Returns to Skies The Air Force’s F-22 Raptor on May 17 began the formal flight test stage of its development with an 80-minute sortie at Edwards AFB, Calif. Lt. Col. Steve Rainey flew the aircraft, becoming the first Air Force pilot to fly the F-22 since it rolled off the Lockheed Martin assembly line in Marietta, Ga., last summer. “The aircraft handled like a dream,” Rainey said. “It’s the best flying aircraft I have flown.” Officials said the flight was under- taken to expand the flight envelope, assess speed brake handling qualities, and review formation flying qualities. Rainey said that each of the objectives was tested precisely as planned and that the overall flight was a success. Raptor 01 is the first of three engineer- Lt. Col. Steve Rainey secured a spot in history when he became the first Air Force ing and manufacturing development F-22s pilot to fly the F-22, the service’s new air superiority fighter. “The aircraft handled like a dream,” he said after the May 17 flight at Edwards AFB, Calif. Aircraft 4001 slated for Air Force use. The first Raptor, completed each of three test points—envelope expansion, speed brake handling, and officially named Aircraft 4001, will engage formation flying—precisely as briefed, stated Rainey. in some 50 flights before it is joined by Aircraft 4002, probably in the fall. to remain, since they help patrol and has long denied taking any part in the Clinton Cuts Gulf Force monitor the skies over southern Iraq. operation. The United States announced May 26 Bacon said dozens of Air Force air- Nayef’s statement could give cre- that it will keep about 20,000 US troops craft in Bahrain are expected to leave dence to opposition claims that Sunni in the Persian Gulf region, returning to a in early June. He declined to specify, Muslim dissidents were behind the force level that it maintained before the but the F-117 stealth fighters and B-52 attack. early 1998 “crisis” buildup aimed at Iraq. bombers in the area were expected to Secrecy has cloaked much of The move will significantly cut the return home in the coming weeks. the investigation. American officials force of 37,000 kept in the region for charged several times that the Saudis several months. The Pentagon plans Saudis Find No Foreign Role in were delaying the conclusion of the to shift out of the area an aircraft car- Blast investigation and that they have refused rier battle group, dozens of warplanes, Saudi Arabian authorities concluded to share information. and thousands of soldiers. no foreigners were involved in the 1996 The bombing touched off several According to Pentagon spokesman Khobar Towers bombing that killed 19 congressional and military probes in Kenneth Bacon, DoD plans called for USAF servicemen, according to a top Washington to fix blame for the blast. the reductions to take place in early Saudi official. Prince Nayef, the powerful summer. “Iraq has been complying with Saudi interior minister, told a Kuwaiti Tricare Coverage Nears the UN mandates to allow inspectors newspaper that the terrorist bombing Completion to do their jobs,” he said. was carried out “by Saudi hands.” On June 1, the Department of Defense “We’ve made it very clear in the Nayef’s statements were the first of- completed the establishment of Tricare past that we’re willing to respond to ficially indicating Saudi complicity in the managed health care system coverage provocative action by Iraq,” Bacon deaths. Earlier, Saudi Arabian officials to all regions of the United States. said. “That policy has not changed.” had suggested privately that Iran was The latest Tricare contract went into One aircraft carrier—USS behind the bombing. effect for the National Capital Area Stennis—and about 1,200 Army However, in the recent interview, Region, which includes a large portion troops will remain in Kuwait. Some Air the prince was quoted as stating, “No of the mid-Atlantic states. The program Force warplanes also are expected foreign party had any role in it.” Iran is already in place in other US regions.

12 AIR FORCE Magazine / July 1998 Barry Goldwater Dies at 89

Sen. Barry Goldwater, the outspoken conservative Republican who ran unsuccessfully for President in 1964 but became a force in the Senate and in national defense, died May 29. He was 89. He was known to many as “Mr. Conservative,” but he was also “Mr. Airpower.” From his World War II days as an Air Transport Command pilot flying supplies over the “Hump” to his long association with the Air Force Asso- ciation and Aerospace Education Foundation, Goldwater was a tireless advocate for the Air Force. Commissioned a second lieutenant in the Army Reserve in 1930, Goldwater went on active duty as a gunnery in- structor in the Army Air Forces just before the attack on Pearl Harbor. Equipped with a commercial pilot’s license, he soon became an AAF pilot, transporting supplies and aircraft across the Atlantic and in the China–Burma–India Theater. After the war, he helped establish the Arizona Air National Guard and finished his military career in the Air Force Reserve, retiring as a major general in 1967. He was elected to the Senate in 1952. Throughout his long career, he maintained the need for a strong military and was also an early proponent of space­power. In 1962, he said, “Space superiority in all of its scientific, technological, and military aspects is fundamental to the future well-being, security, and prosperity of the United States. ... Our armed forces must pursue and prepare to

The Arizona senator flew 160 different aircraft over his life- time. ANG Brig. Gen. Clarence A. Shoop is at right.

Goldwater with Gen. Jimmy Doolittle, AFA’s first president.

conduct military space missions as rapidly as these can be recognized and defined.” He was active in the Air Force Association for many years and was chairman of the AEF Board of Trustees from 1975–86. He also played a key role in the creation of the National Air and Space Museum. He relinquished his Senate seat in 1964 to make what proved to be an unsuccessful presidential bid but was again elected to the Senate in 1974. He retired after choosing Barry Goldwater served as chairman of the AEF Board of Trustees for 11 years. not to run for re-election in 1986. AFA and AEF are accepting donations for a memorial education program being developed in his honor.

AIR FORCE Magazine / July 1998 13 The Battle of Arlington Ridge

Arlington, Va., June 7—Factions Arlington Cemetery, which is adjacent for memorials by the Commemorative opposed to an Air Force memorial on to the ridge. Works Act of 1986. Arlington Ridge, overlooking the Po­ prohibited the construction of any “The process is designed to keep tomac River, continue to throw up new more monuments or memorials on Congress from getting involved in what obstacles in their efforts to impede its the ridge. could be a politically charged process,” construction. reimbursed the Air Force Memo- he said. “Now is not the time to change Joined in the attempt to block the rial Foundation (which would then the rules and penalize those who have project are Marine veterans, their sup- be obliged to go elsewhere) for site- followed the rules that the Congress porters in Congress, and a neighbor- specific expenses prior to September established. hood group called the “Friends of Iwo 1997, when the site was formally “I strongly urge you to reject the Jima.” Their claim is that the Air Force dedicated. Solomon amendment. It is unfair to Memorial would encroach on the “sacred The same day the Solomon amend- change the rules in the middle of the ground” of the Marine Corps Memorial, ment was introduced, Edward Tim­ process, and it is unfair to the men which occupies eight of the 25 acres perlake, an aide for the House Rules and women who have served, are on Arlington Ridge. Committee (whose chairman is Sol­ serving, and will serve in the United Objections to the Air Force Memorial omon), filed a legal brief in US District States Air Force.” did not arise until April 1997 when the Court in Alexandria, Va., supporting Several members of the House met Friends of Iwo Jima became active with a request for an injunction to per- with Solomon to tell him they disagreed concern that the new memorial might manently bar construction of the Air with his proposal. increase the number of cars and visitors Force Memorial. This tagged on to “The men and women in the United coming to the area. a series of legal efforts and actions States Air Force deserve a memorial On May 15, Rep. Gerald B.H. Solomon initiated by the Friends of Iwo Jima in for their sacrifices which have kept this (R–N.Y.)—a former Marine—introduced the past year. nation free,” said Rep. Sam Johnson his third piece of legislation in this In a “Dear Colleague” letter on May (R–Texas), who was an Air Force pilot regard, an amendment to the defense 19, Rep. James A. Gibbons (R–Nev.) and a POW in Vietnam. “I look forward authorization bill that would have: urged members of Congress to vote to the day when we will unveil this fitting transferred Arlington Ridge from no on the Solomon amendment. He tribute to all those who have served in the Interior Department to the Army, said that from 1993 on the Air Force the Air Force. It is long overdue.” with instructions that the land would be Memorial Foundation had followed Solomon withdrew his amendment used for grave sites as an extension of all of the elaborate rules prescribed May 20.

Aerospace World

Air Force officials said Tricare brings nations,” said Eberhart during a recent to substantially slow the CVX project with it all of the old Civilian Health and visit to Hickam AFB, Hawaii. for the time being. It said that a lack of Medical Program of the Uniformed Because of the “tyranny of distance,” funding—the project would cost $7 bil- Services benefits plus new options for access is doubly important in the Pacific lion—compelled it to recast the project thorough family medical care. region, according to the vice chief. So far, but that the Navy would try out some most AEFs have deployed from bases new technologies on the next carrier. Access Seen as Key to AEF in the continental US. In the future, Rear Adm. Dennis V. McGinn, Navy Access to areas around the world will PACAF is likely to deploy AEFs, as well. director of air warfare, told reporters be the key to successful implementation “We could take forces from one base June 2 that the CVX is not dead but that of the Air Expeditionary Force concept, or from several bases in the Pacific the Navy will achieve total CVX goals according to Gen. Ralph E. Eberhart, and move them forward to support an “over two to three hulls, rather than in Air Force vice chief of staff. operation,” said Eberhart. “We also plan a single leap” from the last Nimitz car- Strong, friendly relations with al- to use bases like Andersen [Guam] for rier, CVN-77. lies—and the use of their bases and bedding AEFs down and launching their airspace—will be necessary for all operations.” USACOM to Shepherd Joint kinds of future Air Force deployments, Experiments from combat operations to humanitar- Carrier Goes Down—For Now The Pentagon announced May 21 ian responses. Recent experiences, The United States Navy has decided that it had designated the commander from Desert Storm to the Air Force to stick with what it knows and likes in chief of US Atlantic Command, Adm. response to the tragic crash of a Korean best—the giant 100,000-ton aircraft car- Harold W. Gehman Jr., to be executive airliner on Guam, have shown that to rier—rather than rapidly pursue a newer agent for joint warfighting experimenta- be the case, he said. and possibly smaller carrier concept. tion within the Defense Department. “We must build new relationships, The newer carrier, dubbed CVX, was The designation becomes effective nourish our friendships, build trust, to follow the next Nimitz-class deck, Oct. 1, 1998. and instill confidence through formal CVN-77, slated to be the last of the line. In his new capacity, Gehman and his and informal agreements with other However, the service in May decided command will explore, demonstrate,

14 AIR FORCE Magazine / July 1998 AIR FORCE Magazine / July 1998 15 Aerospace World and evaluate joint warfighting concepts and capabilities required to implement Joint Vision 2010, the joint warfight- ing concept formulated by Army Gen. John M. Shalikashvili, the former JCS Chairman. Army Gen. Henry H. Shelton, Shali­ kashvili’s successor, said he recognized the importance of joint war­fighting USAF photo by SSgt. Andrew DunawayN. experimentation and that USACOM’s work “will focus our efforts to implement our future warfare vision.” The individual services had ex- pressed concern about the step, fear- ing that the command would take over their traditional powers to train and equip the forces. Shelton observed, “The services have individually made great strides in modeling and simulation and other new techniques [concerning joint warfare]. Some 42 years after flying from its home base at Malmstrom AFB, Mont., to Eielson Our challenge now is to integrate those AFB, Alaska, this KB-29P still resides in Alaska—as the “Lady in the Lake.” This refu- eling version of the B-29 bomber landed at Eielson on April 17, 1956, but its landing efforts,” which he evidently sees as the gear buckled. A snowbank stopped it; however the removal crew damaged it further. role of USACOM. Since a newer refueler, the KC-97, was already entering service, the KB-29 was The command’s role is defined by salvaged for parts and removed to a gravel pit, where, over the years, a lake formed, a Joint Warfighting Experimentation submerging the aircraft. Charter approved by Defense Secretary William S. Cohen on May 15. According to Cohen, joint warfighting experimen- Command NCOs said the move, Flying crew chiefs are normally staff tation will facilitate the development of made April 1, is not a manpower in- or technical sergeants. They accompany doctrine, organizations, training and crease. Instead, it will have the practical their airplanes worldwide to provide education, materiel, people, and leader- effect of boosting compensation for more maintenance, inspection, and servicing ship to improve joint operations. sergeants who would have been flying in places where no such capabilities By July 15, CINCUSACOM will submit out on the AMC airplanes anyway, by exist. They are trained on such spe- to the JCS Chairman a plan of implemen- making them eligible for $110 a month cific tasks as engine runs, door and tation that specifies resources required in Special Duty Assignment Pay. ramp operations, fueling supervision, to assume these new responsibilities. “Individuals who have done this type and powered and non­powered ground of work are very deserving of this com- equipment operations. AMC Gets More Flying Crew Chiefs pensation,” said SMSgt. Sue Norwood, The authorization increases the num- Gen. Michael E. Ryan, USAF Chief AMC’s flying crew chief program man- ber of AMC’s flying crew chiefs from of Staff, approved an Air Mobility Com- ager. “The increase will benefit people 657 to 1,192. To qualify for special duty mand request to authorize two flying who have been flying but have not been pay, these chiefs must fly at least three crew chiefs for each AMC aircraft. receiving the pay.” missions per quarter to off-line locations where no maintenance capability exists for their aircraft. Index to Advertisers Two Space Squadrons Merge The 2d and 4th Space Launch squad- rons at Vandenberg AFB, Cal­if., merged AT&T ...... Cover III May 18. Boeing...... Cover IV The new unit—which keeps the 2d British Aerospace Systems & Equipment...... 5 Space Launch Squadron’s name—will GEC Marconi...... 3 GSA...... 68 be responsible for overseeing orbital Honeywell...... 15 launch operations at Van­denberg. Lockheed Martin...... Cover II The reason for the merger was that the Mitchell Lang...... 95 two units performed similar missions for Northrop Grumman...... 26–27 their assigned families of missiles. The Pratt & Whitney...... 48–49 Saft America...... 10 old 2d handled Atlas rockets, while the 4th dealt with Titans. AFA Convention...... 83 The 45th Space Wing at Patrick AFB, AFA Long Term Life...... 87 Fla., will soon follow Van­den­berg’s lead AFA Wear...... 95 and conduct similar mergers. At Patrick, Video Biography on Legends of Airpower...... 91 Video on the History of USAF...... 89 the 1st, 3d, and 5th Space Launch

16 AIR FORCE Magazine / July 1998 squadrons plan to consolidate into a Still to come are DoD decisions about THAAD System Fails Again new 1st Space Launch Squadron over whether to use Minuteman III boosters, On May 12, the Army’s Theater High the next two years. or a commercial alternative, for NMD’s Altitude Area Defense missile failed ground-based interceptor and a contract to hit an incoming target for the fifth Boeing Wins NMD Contract award for the kill vehicle that will mount time in a row. It was an embarrassing On April 30, the Pentagon selected on the interceptor’s nose. failure for a system which is one of the Boeing to oversee development, integra- Pentagon’s top development priorities. tion, testing, and possible deployment of UCAV Program Advances Neither defense officials nor contrac- a national system to defend all 50 states The US Air Force and the Defense tors were able to immediately explain against a limited ballistic missile attack. Advanced Research Projects Agency why the THAAD booster misfired sec- The contract could be worth upwards are forging ahead with an Unmanned onds after launch, necessitating its of $5.2 billion and might continue for Combat Aerial Vehicle advanced tech- destruction. The missile’s previous four as long as seven years. nology demonstration program. Four miscues had been due to four different Pentagon officials said Boeing was contractors—Lockheed Martin, Nor­ problems, and prime contractor Lock- a clear winner in the National Missile throp Grumman, Raytheon, and Boe­ heed Martin had thought all program Defense race. Its bid was lower than ing—received $4 million each for a glitches were finally fixed. that of its competition, a joint venture of preliminary design effort on April 16. THAAD is intended to protect con- Lockheed Martin, Raytheon, and TRW, The goal of the DARPA–USAF pro- centrations of US troops from tactical and was also strong technically. gram is to demonstrate the feasibility ballistic missiles, such as the Scuds Boeing officials suggested additional of using unmanned aircraft to suppress they faced during the Gulf War. It is flight tests, for instance—something enemy air defenses and conduct strike based on the so-called “bullet-to-bullet” US officials saw as a good way to help missions. If the 10-month preliminary concept, meaning it races into the sky lower program risk. design phase goes well, the Pentagon and knocks incoming missiles aside, as “Boeing’s approach was very com- will pick one of the four competing firms if it were a bullet hitting a bullet. prehensive,” Army Brig. Gen. Joseph M. to build and flight test two vehicles in a The same basic concept is the core of Cosumano Jr., NMD program manager, 42-month, $110 million second phase. the ambitious National Missile Defense told reporters. Meanwhile, the Air Force is planning system currently under development Some in Congress accuse the Clin­ton to test nonlethal Suppression of Enemy by Boeing. Administration of being a less-than- Air Defenses via UAV on its own. If all “We will continue to test the program strong backer of the NMD concept. goes as scheduled, early next year until we get it right,” vowed Pentagon Secretary of Defense William S. Cohen service officials will outfit a UAV with spokesman Kenneth Bacon. rejected that charge, saying that Clinton an electronics warfare suite which will officials remain committed to a 3+3 allow it to loiter over a target, identify Upgraded AWACS Ready to Go strategy that calls for three years of adversary emitters, and then switch to On May 8, the 552d Air Control Wing, research and development, then a go a jamming mode when manned strike Tinker AFB, Okla., declared that the or no-go decision, followed by deploy- aircraft arrive. latest E-3 Sentry upgrade has reached ment three years later. Location of the test has yet to be initial operational capability. “I believe it’s a challenge that we can, determined, though Mountain Home The new Block 30/35 modification in fact, measure up to,” Cohen said. AFB, Idaho, is one possible site. package contains four important im- provements, said Lt. Col. Melvin Fitzpat- rick, chief of operational requirements for the 552d ACW: the Global Position- ing System, upgraded computers, new electronic support measures system, and the Joint Tactical Information Dis- tribution System Class 2H terminal. The GPS upgrade incorporates space-based precision location infor- USAF photo by SSgt. Angela Stafford mation into the E-3’s navigation and mission crew computers, allowing crews to more accurately figure out where they are and where their targets are. The new computer gives the airplane the microchip horsepower needed to run its new systems. The electronic support measures upgrade passively detects signals from all kinds of elec- tronic emitters, augmenting current onboard sensors. The Class 2H JTIDS terminal allows secure communications Amn. Jason K. Scales pauses for a moment as he and other Air Force Honor Guard with everything from USAF fighters to members took time early one recent Sunday morning to clean the Vietnam Memorial ground-based units. Wall. Armed with buckets, soap, and long-handled brushes, the airmen gathered at The 552d now has 10 airplanes the wall for the eighth consecutive year. They clean the memorial once each month during spring and summer. equipped with these modifications. “The Block 30/35 upgrade is the

AIR FORCE Magazine / July 1998 17 Aerospace World cornerstone of the E-3 modernization The added workload is not such a team, JDAM Joint Program Office in the program,” said Brig. Gen. James W. bad thing, said Kublie. B-1B System Program Office. Morehouse, 552d ACW commander. “Before, Phase 1 students only Instead, Air Force officials would like worked seven- or eight-hour days,” he to add wings to the guided munition Guard and Reserve Get JCS Posts said. “When they hit the flight line (for to increase its range from about 15 The chief of the Air Force Reserve, Phase 2 training), with its solid 12-hour nautical miles to 40–60 nautical miles. Maj. Gen. Robert A. McIntosh, was days, it was somewhat of a shock to Such an extension could make it easier named the first Reserve assistant to them. So now when they hit the flight for all JDAM–capable aircraft, not just the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of line, it won’t be such a big transition.” the B-1B, to use it for attack missions. Staff. Plans called for him to assume Making such a wing reliable and his new duties last month. GPS, JDAM Upgrade Ready for B-1B affordable enough to marry to JDAM Replacing McIntosh, who had served Two modification kits that give the is a key to the upgrade, officials said. as Reserve chief since 1994, is Maj. Gen. B-1B bomber the ability to carry Glob­ James E. Sherrard III, who was 22d Air Force al Positioning System–directed Joint Guard Pilots Return Medals commander. Sherrard was to assume com- Direct Attack Munitions have been In a protest against what they claim mand pending confirmation by the Senate. delivered to Tinker AFB, Okla., for was Pentagon retribution for flunking an Maj. Gen. Michael W. Davidson of the installation. Current plans now call for unqualified female pilot, a group of New Army National Guard was named the first Air Combat Command to have seven York Air National Guard pilots came to Guard JCS advisor. Both JCS positions JDAM–capable Lancers by January Washington in May and returned their were created by the Fiscal 1998 National 1999—18 months ahead of schedule. medals to Congress. Defense Authorization Act in an attempt The B-1B upgrade program is in- The F-16 pilots seek a new review by lawmakers to increase the clout of tended to configure the airplane to of what they called a bungled military part-time soldiers, sailors, and airmen. carry out its role as the primary Air investigation that grounded their unit Force heavy bomber for conventional and careers after Maj. Jacquelyn Parker Vance Modifies Syllabus warfare. JDAM–capable B-1Bs will be complained of sexual discrimination. They Vance AFB, Okla., recently became able to carry up to 24 of the accurate said she was not qualified. the first pilot training base to modify guided munitions at once, with eight Rep. Roscoe G. Bartlett (R–Md.) its Specialized Undergraduate Pilot loaded in each of its three weapon bays. offered an amendment to the defense Training, Phase 1, in anticipation of Ongoing B-1B JDAM flight tests con- authorization bill calling for a new in- the arrival of the Joint Primary Aircraft tinue to produce better than expected vestigation by the Pentagon inspector Training System. accuracy, say Air Force officials. “B-1 general. Additionally, Reps. Henry Hyde The Air Force and Navy will both use JDAM development test scores are the (R–Ill.) and Gerald Solomon (R–N.Y.) JPATS starting after the turn of the cen- best to date for horizontal targets, like have asked Defense Secretary William tury, and a number of things have been low bunkers and aircraft on the ground, S. Cohen to review the case. added to Vance’s syllabus, and some and are tied for first place for vertical It dates from 1995 when New York things discarded, in order to “dovetail” targets, like tall buildings,” said Lou Cer- Guard officials concluded that members the two services’ training efforts, said rato, chief of the weapons development of the 174th Fighter Wing, Syracuse Capt. Thomas Kublie, preflight officer at the 8th Flying Training Squadron. The biggest change is the addition of swimming training and a swimming survival test. The test is a rigorous one, consisting of a mile-long swim in flight gear, in no more than 80 minutes, and then 25 yards of freestyle, backstroke, breaststroke, and sidestroke.

Preflight courseware has also been USAF photo by SrA. Marcel Mercer changed to more closely mirror the Navy’s way of doing things. That means less T-37-specific information and more general aerodynamics and general engine systems information at the be- ginning of flight school. All aerospace physiology training, including parasail training, is now given at the beginning of Phase 1. That way, no students fly ejection-seat aircraft without parasail experience. A day of officer development has been dropped from the syllabus. Still, During the annual Memorial Day retreat ceremony at Misawa AB, Japan, (from left) the schedule is now much busier. The SSgt. Tim Hoch, SrA. Robert McNeill, SSgt. Ken Blair, SSgt. Lisa Wein­furter, SSgt. first four weeks of training are solid Jaquetta Belton, and A1C Avis Connelley­—all members of 35th Fighter Wing squad- 10- to 12-hour days. rons—fold the colors.

18 AIR FORCE Magazine / July 1998 Hancock IAP, N.Y., had delayed Parker’s F-16 training and that of a second woman, Capt. Sue Hart Lilly. Parker resigned from the 174th. Lilly completed her training and remains with the unit. There have been two investigations of various allegations, including sexual improprieties on both sides of the issue. A two-year investigation by the New York inspector general did find flaws in the Guard investigation but upheld the basic finding that the Parker’s training was unduly drawn out. In all, 12 pilots were fired or transferred.

Some C-130s to Be Eyes in Sky A shortage of Predator Unmanned Aerial Vehicles has prompted US Air Forces in Europe to plan to equip some C-130E aircraft with surveillance equipment. The Boeing Standoff Land Attack Missile–Expanded Response scored a direct hit on The added capability will allow a moving ship, after traveling more than 40 nautical miles, during its fifth and final the theater airlifters to bolster US development test. The SLAM–ER had to distinguish a particular ship in a complex coastal environment, stated company officials. It had previously “proved its versatil- reconnaissance efforts over Bosnia. ity by successfully attacking a variety of land targets.” The C-130s will not necessarily be dedicated to surveillance flights per se, said Maj. Gen. Kenneth R. Israel, tion to help commanders improve in the sky could be aloft by November, director of the Defense Airborne Re- situational awareness. according to the Air Force. connaissance Office, during a May The Air Force plans to buy two sensor symposium. Instead, the airplanes will suites to carry out the plan, which is part Airborne Laser Passes Design gather imagery in the course of their of the service’s “Big Safari” reconnais- Milestone transport duties and provide informa- sance acquisition effort. C-130E eyes The Air Force has told Boeing to pro- ceed with work on the Airborne Laser Senior Staff Changes

RETIREMENTS: Lt. Gen. Richard C. Bethurem, Lt. Gen. Carl E. Ramstein AB, Germany ... Maj. Gen. John D. Hopper Jr., from Vice Franklin, Brig. Gen. Karen S. Rankin, Brig. Gen. Philip G. Stowell, Dir., Log., Jt. Staff, Pentagon, to Dir., Ops., AMC, Scott AFB, Ill. ... Brig. Gen. Donald A. Streater, Maj. Gen. John L. Welde. Maj. Gen. (sel.) David F. MacGhee Jr., from IG, ACC, Langley AFB, NOMINATIONS: To be General: Charles T. Robertson Jr. Va., to Dir., Air & Space Ops., ACC, Langley AFB, Va. To be Lieutenant General: Walter S. Hogle Jr., Gregory S. Maj. Gen. Michael J. McCarthy, from Dir., Plans & Policy, USEU- Martin, John L. Woodward Jr. COM, Stuttgart–Vaihingen, Germany, to Asst. DCS, Air & Space CHANGES: Brig. Gen. John R. Baker, from Cmdr., 18th Wg., Ops., USAF, Pentagon ... Lt. Gen. (sel.) Donald L. Peterson, from PACAF, Kadena AB, Japan, to Cmdr., AIA, Kelly AFB, Texas ... Asst. DCS, Air & Space Ops., USAF, Pentagon, to DCS, Personnel, Brig. Gen. John L. Barry, from Dir., P&P, USAFE, Ramstein AB, USAF, Pentagon ... Brig. Gen. Richard V. Reynolds, from PEO, Airlift Germany, to Cmdr., 56th FW, AETC, Luke AFB, Ariz. ... Brig. Gen. & Trainers, AF Prgm. Exec. Office, Pentagon, to Cmdr., AF Flight (sel.) Anthony W. Bell Jr., from Dir., Systems, AFCIC, Pentagon, Test Ctr., AFMC, Edwards AFB, Calif. ... Brig. Gen. (sel.) James G. to Vice Cmdr., AFCIC, Pentagon. Roudebush, from Cmd. Surgeon, PACAF, Hickam AFB, Hawaii, to Maj. Gen. Claude M. Bolton Jr., from Dir., Rqmts., AFMC, Cmdr., 89th Medical Gp., AMC, Andrews AFB, Md. Wright–Patterson AFB, Ohio, to PEO, Fighter & Bomber Prgms., Maj. Gen. James E. Sherrard III, from Cmdr., 22d AF, AFRC, AF Prgm. Exec. Office, Pentagon ... Brig. Gen. Robert P. Bongiovi, Dobbins ARB, Ga., to Chief of AFR, USAF, Pentagon ... Brig. Gen. from Vice Cmdr., ASC, AFMC, Wright–Patterson AFB, Ohio, to Dir., (sel.) James B. Smith, from Vice Dir., Ops., NORAD, Peterson AFB, Rqmts., AFMC, Wright–Patterson AFB, Ohio ... Brig. Gen. Roger Colo., to Cmdr., 18th Wg., PACAF, Kadena AFB, Japan ... Brig. Gen. A. Brady, from Dir., Log., USAFE, Ramstein AB, Germany, to Dir., Scott P. Vancleef, from Dep. Cmdr., 16th AF, USAFE, Vicenza, Italy, P&P, USAFE, Ramstein AB, Germany ... Maj. Gen. (sel.) John W. to Cmdr., 52d FW, USAFE, Spang­dahlem AB, Germany ... Maj. Gen. Brooks, from Cmdr., 86th AW, USAFE, Ramstein AB, Germany, Gary A. Voellger, from Dir., Ops., AMC, Scott AFB, Ill., to Cmdr., to Vice Dir., Log., Jt. Staff, Pentagon. NATO Airborne Early Warning Force, Geilenkirchen, Germany. Brig. Gen. Carrol H. Chandler, from Cmdr., 56th FW, AETC, Luke Maj. Gen. Thomas C. Waskow, C/S, Allied Air Forces Southern AFB, Ariz., to C/S, Allied Air Forces Southern Europe, NATO, Naples, Europe, NATO, Naples, Italy, to Cmdr., 13th AF, PACAF, Andersen Italy ... Maj. Gen. John R. Dallager, from Cmdr., 13th AF, PACAF, AFB, Guam ... Brig. Gen. Michael W. Wooley, from Vice Cmdr., Andersen AFB, Guam, to Asst. C/S, Ops. & Log., SHAPE, Belgium AFSOC, Hurlburt Field, Fla., to Cmdr., 86th AW, USAFE, Ramstein ... Maj. Gen. Richard L. Engel, from Cmdr., AF Flight Test Ctr., AB, Germany. AFMC, Edwards AFB, Calif., to Cmdt., ICAF, NDU, Ft. McNair, D.C. SENIOR EXECUTIVE SERVICE RETIREMENT: Frank F. Colson. Brig. Gen. (sel.) Terry L. Gabreski, from C-5 Systems Prgm. Dir., SES CHANGE: Neil R. Planzer, to Associate Dir., Civil Aviation, San Antonio ALC, AFMC, Kelly AFB, Texas, to Dir., Log., USAFE, Ops. & Tng., Air & Space Ops., USAF, Pentagon. ■

AIR FORCE Magazine / July 1998 19 Aerospace World following a week-long intensive study If that test goes well, the Boeing– System Program Office at Kirtland of the program in early May. TRW–Lockheed Martin team will likely be AFB, N.M. Air Force officials said that with the awarded a $4.5 billion contract to produce Computerized design software is key successful completion of its preliminary a seven-aircraft ABL fleet by 2008. to the current success of the program, design review, the ABL program is on “We’re exactly on track a year and said officials. Each ABL component is schedule and moving toward a sched- a half into our six-year design sched- loaded into a central computer design uled demonstration in 2002, when it ule—a good-news story for acquisition system that shows where equipment will attempt to shoot down a theater reform initiatives,” said Col. Mi­chael W. from one subsystem might interfere with ballistic missile. Booen, director of the Airborne Laser that of another. This allows potentially

Congressional News

Compared to past years, congres- ment if he certifies that tests have $456 million for Air Force Joint Strike sional debate over Fiscal 1999 defense been sufficient. Fighter development and $463 million authorization bills has been restrained. The panel left the overall F-22 bud- for the Navy JSF. That is because the parameters of get request unchanged, however, at The House voted to add $60 million defense spending largely are set. The $785 million for procurement of two to the Pentagon budget for the purchase 1997 balanced budget law capped the aircraft and $1.6 billion for engineering of two additional F-16C aircraft, “in an overall amount of money Congress can and manufacturing development in the effort to reduce the Air Force’s antici- spend on the US military, while the dis- coming year. pated shortfall of 40 F-16C aircraft for appearance of large budget deficits has Senate panel members also were attrition reserve,” according to the bill’s removed much of the pressure that led critical of USAF’s Airborne Laser pro- committee report. It recommended to big cuts from the mid-1980s through gram. They axed $97 million from the $285.2 million for purchase of five C- most of the 1990s. ABL budget request, lowering it to 130J aircraft for the Guard and Reserve Still, in keeping with the balanced $195 million and directed the Defense not requested by the Administration. The budget pact, the $271 billion defense Secretary to conduct an independent House added $72 million for advance bills now wending their way through review of the technical operational vi- procurement of two Joint STARS aircraft. the House and Senate represent a 1.1 ability of the program. percent decline, in real terms, from the Other major changes included an The Future Bomber previous year. This worries lawmakers addition of $72 million to E-8 Joint Building on the recommendations on both sides of the Hill. STARS accounts, for use in either future of the Panel to Review Long Range The Senate Armed Services Commit- production or program termination, and Airpower, it directed the Secretary of tee, in its report on the 1999 defense an addition of $381.7 million for four C- the Air Force to report to Congress by bill, stated, “While the budget agree- 130J aircraft. The Senate also added March 1, 1999, on planned upgrades ment protects our military forces from $50 million for F-15 engine upgrades, to the current bomber fleet, a funding unrealistic and unwise cuts in defense, $15 million to accelerate alternative profile for those upgrades, and a time- the Committee remains concerned that engine development for the Joint Strike line for consideration of a follow-on the funding levels for defense may not Fighter, and $56 million to re-engine bomber. Apparently, no such timeline [be] sufficient ... to adequately sustain, two RC-135 aircraft. currently exists. over time, the personnel, quality of life, On health care, the House bill directs readiness, and modernization programs More C-17 Airlifters the Secretary of Defense to submit a critical to our military services.” The Senate would approve the full report to Congress by March 1, 1999, Concern led the Senate panel $2.9 billion Air Force request for ac- on how DoD will ensure adequate to tinker with elements of the quisition and development of another health coverage for retirees. The House Administration’s budget request. Readi- 13 C-17s under a multiyear program. ordered DoD to consider options rang- ness accounts in all armed services Committee members voted to termi- ing from expansion of Tricare eligibility received a few extra dollars, for instance, nate the Dark Star Unmanned Aerial to opening up the Federal Employees with the Air Force getting a $16.4 million Vehicle program and use some funds Health Benefits Program to military increase over Clinton’s request. thus freed up to buy extra Global Hawk retirees. long-range UAVs. Reconciliation of the House and Sen- F-22 Stays on Track On the other side of Capitol Hill, the ate positions could not begin until the In dealing with an item of particular House National Security Committee Senate has passed its version of the concern to the Air Force, the Senate wrapped up its 1999 defense bill in bill, after which a conference committee Armed Services Committee expressed early May. The full House then ap- could have to hammer out remaining unhappiness with the slow pace of the proved the measure on May 20, taking differences. On two matters, however, F-22 test program. In its version of the the opportunity to attach amendments there was pure unanimity: Both cham- 1999 defense bill, SASC called on the banning the launch of US satellites on bers agreed that active duty military Secretary of Defense to ensure that Chinese rockets. personnel deserve a pay raise, and F-22 flight testing reaches 433 hours The House and Senate are in gen- both agreed not to approve any new (10 percent of planned total) before eral agreement on most matters. On base closure authority this year. releasing advance procurement funds aircraft programs, the House voted If recent history is any guide, late for a second procurement lot. The full funding for the F-22 and the C-17. summer would be the most likely time Secretary may waive that require- It supported the President’s request of for completion of a final defense bill.■

20 AIR FORCE Magazine / July 1998 expensive trouble spots to be avoided On April 22, an Army demolition 3,935–nautical mile jaunt from Honolulu ahead of time. team toppled the Air Force’s 1,218-foot to Marietta, Ga., lasted 10 hours, 52 However, the Senate Armed Services LORAN tower at the Forestport, N.Y., minutes. Committee has charged that USAF has Research Facility. LORAN, developed An Air Force A-10 from the 355th failed to justify a $6 billion–plus invest- during World War II, used low-frequency Wing, Davis–Monthan AFB, Ariz., ment in the ABL program, particularly radio stations to guide bombers. The crashed May 14 near Kitt Peak, an in light of the number of US theater skyscraping tower had been employed Arizona mountain range. Capt. Christo- missile defense development efforts. for a variety of Air Force communication pher Hamilton ejected from the aircraft In its Fiscal 1999 defense authoriza- missions since LORAN became obsolete and suffered minor injuries. tion report, the panel concluded the in the mid-1950s. The Air National Guard welcomed Secretary of Defense should establish TSgt. John T. Hartman, a 315th its Guardsmen of the Year to the Wash- an independent review of the program. Training Squadron instructor at Good­ ington, D.C., area May 12. Designated fellow AFB, Texas, has been named as the premier personnel among the C-17 PLSR on Track Department of Defense General Intel- Guard’s 98,313 enlisted members were The Air Force has finished operational ligence Training System’s 1997 Instruc- SrA. Andre Walker, a communications testing of a precision landing system for the tor of the Year. specialist with the 239th Combat Com- C-17 and has begun to field the system. Three Air Force bases have won munications Squad­ron in St. Louis; All C-17s now in service should be White House “Closing the Circle” awards SSgt. Arthur Thompson, an aerospace retrofitted with a Precision Landing Sys- for environmental programs. Brooks ground equipment journeyman with tem Receiver by the end of August. New AFB, Texas, was recognized for its the 146th Airlift Wing, Channel Islands Globemasters will come outfitted with role in the Texas Pollution-Prevention ANGB, Calif.; MSgt. Steve Hanneman, PLSR as they roll off the assembly line. Partnership. McClellan AFB, Calif., won first sergeant for the 152d Civil En- The Air Force flew 220 missions at for its hazardous waste prevention. gineer Squadron, in Reno, Nev.; and airports all over the world to test the Wright–Patterson AFB, Ohio, took its SMSgt. Holly Morris, an aeromedical new AN/ARN-155 PLSR. The system award based on its radioactive material evacuation technician with the 142d is now certified for Instrument Landing recovery and recycling program. Aeromedical Evacuation Squadron, in System approaches to a 100-foot ceil- The Secretary of Defense has ap- New Castle, Del. ing and 0.25-mile visibility and, in the proved the Humanitarian Service Medal A Titan II booster successfully Microwave Landing System mode, to for Air Force personnel who were as- launched a payload from Vandenberg 200-foot ceilings and 0.5-mile visibility. signed to a forest fire relief effort in AFB, Calif., on May 13. The Titan car- Installation of the system on the entire Indonesia from Oct. 17 through Dec. 4, ried a National Oceanographic and C-17 fleet will cost about $55 million, 1997. Only those service members who Atmospheric Administration weather according to Air Force estimates. were assigned to the relief effort and satellite into polar orbit. provided direct humanitarian assistance NORAD turned 40 on May 12. The News Notes are eligible. US–Canada North American Aerospace President Bill Clinton dubbed a On May 6, the Air Force Re- Defense Command has long been new USAF C-17 The Spirit of Berlin search Laboratory, Wright–Patterson entrusted with the air defense of North during a May 14 ceremony at Tem­ AFB, Ohio, announced that it has America. pelhof, Germany. The dedication was chosen Kenneth E. Harwell as its new Remains of two US servicemen part of ceremonies marking the 50th chief scientist. Harwell has served as killed during the Korean War were turned anniversary of the start of the Berlin senior vice president for research and over to UN officials. North Korea, fol- Airlift, the historic humanitarian effort associate provost at the University of lowing a 10-day refusal to proceed with that defeated the Soviet blockade of Alabama for nearly 10 years. an agreement to release the remains, the German city. The United Arab Emirates ordered turned over two metal caskets. NATO marked five years of com- 80 F-16 fighters from Lockheed Martin President Clinton chose a West bined air operations over Bosnia on April on May 12. The big purchase will cost Point graduate to be the next Secretary 15. The Combined Air Operations Center $7 billion and extend production of the of the Army. He is California legislator at Vicenza, Italy, now houses more than airplane until at least 2004. Louis Caldera, who, if approved by the 450 personnel from 14 allied nations, all The 319th Air Refueling Wing at Senate, will replace Togo West. West managing 50 aircraft enforcing a no-fly Grand Forks AFB, N.D., is the winner of now heads the Department of Veterans zone over the Balkans. the 1998 Verne Orr Award. Sponsored Affairs. The Air Force Women’s Volleyball by the Air Force Association, the award President Clinton on May 21 signed Team won the 1998 Armed Forces is presented annually to the unit which the legislative measure permitting the Volleyball Championship at Port Hue­ effectively uses human resources to expansion of NATO to include Poland, neme, Calif., during a tournament held accomplish its mission. Hungary, and the Czech Republic. The May 5–9. The Air Force team beat the The Air Force has officially ac- Senate approved the measure by a wide Navy and the Marine Corps teams cepted the first of two C-38A aircraft margin. twice, and the Army once, during the from prime contractor Tracor Inc. The Members of the congressional Depot double round-robin contest. C-38A will replace the C-21 and be Caucus supported a recommendation to The Air Force Men’s Volleyball Team operated by the 201st Airlift Squadron, remove the Air Force from the source took home second place from the same Andrews AFB, Md. selection process to award millions of tournament. While the Air Force men A Lockheed Martin C-130J set an dollars in maintenance work at McClellan bested the Army and Marine Corps, they unofficial record May 12 for the longest AFB, Calif. The caucus believes Clinton could not get by Navy, which defeated unrefueled, nonstop flight by a Hercules Administration political meddling will keep them twice and took the gold. aircraft without external fuel tanks. The USAF from fairly handling the measure. ■

AIR FORCE Magazine / July 1998 21