Iraq Missile Chronology
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Iraq and International Terrorism
Artur WEJKSZNER Institute of Political Science and Journalism Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznañ Iraq and international terrorism Introduction Terrorism, most generally understood as killing in order to achieve political gain, has accompanied humanity since the dawn of history.1 This simplified definition, which is only one of many, does not aim at explaining its essence. Over more than two centuries of attempts at fully explaining it, the idea has turned out to be very difficult to grasp and, to make matters worse, due to ideological reasons, has acquired contradic- tory connotations.2 To date several hundred definitions have been formulated, defini- tions which, in all cases, do not describe the phenomenon satisfactorily.3 For the sake of this article, however, it is worth making one more attempt. Terrorism is intimately con- nected with three matters: violence, terror and politics. If these elements are considered central to this phenomenon, then the definition proposed by Bruce Hoffman is fairly important and useful. According to his definition, terrorism is the conscious creation of terror and the use of violence or threats of violence when striving to attain political change. Terrorism is conceived purposefully so that it would have a long term psycho- logical impact, going considerably beyond the immediate victim. By means of public- ity, accomplished as a result of violence, terrorists hope to achieve influence and power in order to bring about changes at a local or international level.4 Across its existence, the phenomenon has gone through various evolutionary phases. One of the latest phases is the era of international terrorism. It is difficult to pre- 1 In Conor Gearty’s opinion we can read about terrorists in historical legends, among others in Flavius who wrote about the so called sykariuses (assassins with daggers).The precursors of terrorists were also assassins (an Ishmael Shiite sect), who murdered the leaders and participants of crusades to the Holy Land (C. -
The Resurgence of Asa'ib Ahl Al-Haq
December 2012 Sam Wyer MIDDLE EAST SECURITY REPORT 7 THE RESURGENCE OF ASA’IB AHL AL-HAQ Photo Credit: Asa’ib Ahl al-Haq protest in Kadhimiya, Baghdad, September 2012. Photo posted on Twitter by Asa’ib Ahl al-Haq. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. ©2012 by the Institute for the Study of War. Published in 2012 in the United States of America by the Institute for the Study of War. 1400 16th Street NW, Suite 515 Washington, DC 20036. http://www.understandingwar.org Sam Wyer MIDDLE EAST SECURITY REPORT 7 THE RESURGENCE OF ASA’IB AHL AL-HAQ ABOUT THE AUTHOR Sam Wyer is a Research Analyst at the Institute for the Study of War, where he focuses on Iraqi security and political matters. Prior to joining ISW, he worked as a Research Intern at AEI’s Critical Threats Project where he researched Iraqi Shi’a militia groups and Iranian proxy strategy. He holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Political Science from Middlebury College in Vermont and studied Arabic at Middlebury’s school in Alexandria, Egypt. ABOUT THE INSTITUTE The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) is a non-partisan, non-profit, public policy research organization. ISW advances an informed understanding of military affairs through reliable research, trusted analysis, and innovative education. ISW is committed to improving the nation’s ability to execute military operations and respond to emerging threats in order to achieve U.S. -
2008 Hate Crime Survey
2008 Hate Crime Survey About Human Rights First HRF’s Fighting Discrimination Program Human Rights First believes that building respect for human The Fighting Discrimination Program has been working since rights and the rule of law will help ensure the dignity to which 2002 to reverse the rising tide of antisemitic, racist, anti- every individual is entitled and will stem tyranny, extremism, Muslim, anti-immigrant, and homophobic violence and other intolerance, and violence. bias crime in Europe, the Russian Federation, and North America. We report on the reality of violence driven by Human Rights First protects people at risk: refugees who flee discrimination, and work to strengthen the response of persecution, victims of crimes against humanity or other mass governments to combat this violence. We advance concrete, human rights violations, victims of discrimination, those whose practical recommendations to improve hate crimes legislation rights are eroded in the name of national security, and human and its implementation, monitoring and public reporting, the rights advocates who are targeted for defending the rights of training of police and prosecutors, the work of official anti- others. These groups are often the first victims of societal discrimination bodies, and the capacity of civil society instability and breakdown; their treatment is a harbinger of organizations and international institutions to combat violent wider-scale repression. Human Rights First works to prevent hate crimes. For more information on the program, visit violations against these groups and to seek justice and www.humanrightsfirst.org/discrimination or email accountability for violations against them. [email protected]. Human Rights First is practical and effective. -
Military Cooperation Between Russia and Belarus: Theoretical and Practical Perspectives
ISSN 2335-870X LITHUANIAN ANNUAL STRATEGIC REVIEW 2019 Volume 17 231 Virgilijus Pugačiauskas* General Jonas Žemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania Military Cooperation between Russia and Belarus: Theoretical and Practical Perspectives The article analyses the dynamics of military cooperation between Russia and Belarus at the time when Russia’s aggression against Ukraine revealed president Vladimir Putin’s objective to consolidate control over his interest zone in the nearest post-soviet area at all hazards. This could be called the time-period during which endurance of military cooperation is increased and during which Rus- sia demonstrates its principle ambition to expand the use of military capabilities while leaning on Belorussian military capabilities, military infrastructure and territory as a bridgehead for potential military actions. For this reason, the aim of the paper is to outline the key factors which determine military integration of the both countries, or, more specifically, to discuss orientations and objectives set forth for building military cooperation as laid down in the documents regulating military policy, to discuss and assess practical cases of strengthening of interaction between military capabilities (stra- tegic military exercises), to reveal the accomplishments of military and technical cooperation, prob- lems it might pose and potential prospects of its development. Introduction In the relationship between Belarus and Russia, the field of military co- operation could be highlighted as the most stable over the past three decades, though the relationship of the both countries is accompanied by alleged, sta- ged and still emerging disagreements or flashes of short-term tension which notably remind of movement of meteors, which illuminate the sky, towards the sinful planet of Earth. -
Mosul Response Dashboard 19 Jan 2017
UNHCR Mosul Emergency Response 19 January 2017 Planning Figures: Camp/Site Plots Tents Shelter Kits NFI Kits Winter Kits Heaters Camps & Shelter Shelter Alternatives For Tents - Alternatives Cluster planning for Cluster planning for Cluster Capacity 80,801 90,000 90,000 140,000 winter is separate winter is separate 1.2 - 1.5 million people impacted UNHCR Contribution 20,000 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000 95,000 up to 1 million Occupied Distributed 3,956 250 2,883 8,184 displaced 6,131 3,157 4,782 UNHCR Response Available 5,9483 7%5,970 In stock 17,421 700,000 in need 32,579 45,736 & Gaps: Undeveloped Pipeline 41,080 3,952 4,135 39,913 46,593 42,335 158,928 displaced Gap 10,133 Under procurement since 17 October Also, 7,500 tents are pre-positioned Identified Constructed in Kirkuk, Salah Al-Din and Anbar. Chamishku Berseve 1 Planned Capacity (plots) TURKEY Khabat Berseve 2 Zakho 2.800 Dawadia Plots in UNHCR Constructed Camps 2,000 Zakho 1,000 Rwanga 500 Amedi 200 Community Dahuk Office 0 Bajet Soran Occupied Plots Available Plots Undeveloped Plots Kandala Mergasur Barzan Ü DAHUK Dahuk B Amalla 3,032 SYRIAN ARAB Al Walid REPUBLIC Sumel Mahmudia Dahuk B Qaymawa (Zelikan) 1,029 Shariya Kabarto 1 Khanke Shikhan Kabarto 2 Akre Rabiah Domiz 1 Essian Erbil Office Domiz 2 ISLAMIC Amalla Mamilian Janbur Sheikhan Choman Mamrashan Soran Choman REPUBLIC Garmawa B Chamakor 1,008 1,392 B Zumar Akre OF IRAN Nargizlia 1 Nargizlia 2B B Basirma B Hasansham U3 1,927 9 Telafar Tilkaif Zelikan (new) BQaymawa (Zelikan) Aski Mosul Bardarash Darashakran Shaqlawa Ba'Shiqa B Hasansham U2 1,560 Hasansham U3 Shaqlawa Kawergosk Talafar Hasansham M2 Kirkuk Office Al Hol Hasansham U2 Gawilan Rania camp Baharka Pshdar Total 14,057 plots Mosul BartellaB BBBBKhazer M1 Sinjar Qarah Qosh Kalak Rania Harshm B Daquq 1,600 Sinjar Hamdaniya B Khabat Capacity 84,342 IDPs Hamam Al Alil Chamakor St. -
Sulaymaniyah Governorate Profile November 2010
Sulaymaniyah Governorate Profile November 2010 Overview Located in the north east of Iraq on the border with Iran, Sulaymaniyah combines with Erbil and Dahuk governorates to form the area administrated by the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG). Sulaymaniyah contains the third largest share of the population, which is one of the most urbanized in Iraq. The landscape becomes increasingly mountainous towards the eastern border with Iran. Unemployment is relatively low in the governorate at 12%. However, the relatively high unemployment (27%) among women, the low proportion of women employed in wage jobs outside agriculture, allied to the relatively low percentage of jobs for women in the public sector implies that women face barriers to employment in non-agricultural sectors. Sulaymaniyah’s economy has potential advantages due to the governorate’s plentiful natural water supplies, favourable climate and peaceful security situation. Commercial flights have been operational between Sulaymaniyah and cities in the Middle East and Europe since 2005. However, poor infrastructure and bureaucratic barriers to private sector investment are hindering development. Few of Sulaymaniyah’s residents (3%) are among Iraq’s poorest, but the governorate performs badly according to many other developmental and humanitarian indicators. Education levels are generally below average: illiteracy rates among women are approaching 50% in all districts apart from Sulaymaniyah and Halabja, and are above 25% for men in Penjwin, Pshdar, Kifri and Chamchamal. 14% of Kifri and Demographics Chamchamal’s residents suffer from a chronic diseases. There are also . widespread infrastructural problems, with all districts suffering from Governorate Capital: Sulaymaniyah prolonged power cuts, and Penjwin, Said Sadik, Kardagh and Area: 17,023 sq km (3.9% of Iraq) Sharbazher experiencing poor access to the water network. -
2021 VNR Report [English]
The Republic of Iraq Ministry of Planning National Committee for Sustainable Development The Second National Voluntary Review Report on the Achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals 2021 Iraq .. And the Path Back to the Development July 2021 Voluntary National Review Report Writing Team Dr. Mahar Hammad Johan, Deputy Minister of Planning, Head of the Report Preparation Team Writing Expert Team Prof. Dr. Hasan Latif Al-Zubaidi / Expert / University of Kufa / College of Administration and Economics Prof. Dr. Wafa Jaafar Al-Mihdawi / Expert / Mustansiriyah University / College of Administration and Economics Prof. Dr. Adnan Yasin Mustafa / Expert / University of Baghdad / College of Education for Girls Supporting International organizations United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) – Iraq United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) Technical Team Dr. Azhar Hussein Saleh / Administrative Deputy of Minister of Planning Dr. Dia Awwad Kazem / Head of the Central Statistics Organization Mr. Maher Abdul-Hussein Hadi / Director General of the National Center for Administrative Development and Information Technology Dr. Mohamed Mohsen El-Sayed / Director General of the Department of Regional and Local Development Dr. Alaa El-Din Jaafar Mohamed / Director General of the Department of Financial and Economic Policies Dr. Maha Abdul Karim Hammoud / Director General of the Department of Human Development Ms. Naglaa Ali Murad / Director of the Social Fund for Development Mr. Abdel-Zahra Mohamed Waheed / Director of the Department of Information and Government Communications Dr. Amera Muhammad Hussain / Umm Al-Yateem Foundation for Development Mrs. Ban Ali Abboud / Expert / Department of Regional and Local Development Ms. Mona Adel Mahdi / Senior Engineer / Department of Regional and Local Development Supporting Team Mr. -
Iraq 2019 Human Rights Report
IRAQ 2019 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Iraq is a constitutional parliamentary republic. The 2018 parliamentary elections, while imperfect, generally met international standards of free and fair elections and led to the peaceful transition of power from Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi to Adil Abd al-Mahdi. On December 1, in response to protesters’ demands for significant changes to the political system, Abd al-Mahdi submitted his resignation, which the Iraqi Council of Representatives (COR) accepted. As of December 17, Abd al-Mahdi continued to serve in a caretaker capacity while the COR worked to identify a replacement in accordance with the Iraqi constitution. Numerous domestic security forces operated throughout the country. The regular armed forces and domestic law enforcement bodies generally maintained order within the country, although some armed groups operated outside of government control. Iraqi Security Forces (ISF) consist of administratively organized forces within the Ministries of Interior and Defense, and the Counterterrorism Service. The Ministry of Interior is responsible for domestic law enforcement and maintenance of order; it oversees the Federal Police, Provincial Police, Facilities Protection Service, Civil Defense, and Department of Border Enforcement. Energy police, under the Ministry of Oil, are responsible for providing infrastructure protection. Conventional military forces under the Ministry of Defense are responsible for the defense of the country but also carry out counterterrorism and internal security operations in conjunction with the Ministry of Interior. The Counterterrorism Service reports directly to the prime minister and oversees the Counterterrorism Command, an organization that includes three brigades of special operations forces. The National Security Service (NSS) intelligence agency reports directly to the prime minister. -
The New Iraq: 2015/2016 Discovering Business
2015|2016 Discovering Business Iraq N NIC n a o t i io s n is al m In om in association with vestment C USINESS B Contents ISCOVERING Introduction Iraq continues as a major investment opportunity 5 Messages - 2015|2016 D - 2015|2016 Dr. Sami Al-Araji: Chairman of the National Investment Commission 8 RAQ HMA Frank Baker: British Ambassador to Iraq 10 I Baroness Nicholson of Winterbourne: Executive Chairman, Iraq Britain Business Council 12 EW N Business Matters HE Doing business in Iraq from a taxation perspective - PricewaterhouseCoopers 14 T Doing business in Iraq - Sanad Law Group in association with Eversheds LLP 20 Banking & Finance Citi has confidence in Iraq’s investment prospects - Citi 24 Common ground for all your banking needs - National Bank of Iraq 28 Iraq: Facing very challenging times - Rabee Securities 30 2005-2015, ten years stirring the sound of lending silence in Iraq - IMMDF 37 Almaseer - Building on success - Almaseer Insurance 40 Emerging insurance markets in Iraq - AKE Insurance Brokers 42 Facilitating|Trading Organisations Events & Training - Supporting Iraq’s economy - CWC Group 46 Not just knowledge, but know how - Harlow International 48 HWH shows how smaller firms can succeed in Iraq - HWH Associates 51 The AMAR International Charitable Foundation - AMAR 56 Oil & Gas Hans Nijkamp: Shell Vice President & Country Chairman, Iraq 60 Energising Iraq’s future - Shell 62 Oil production strategy remains firmly on course 66 Projects are launched to harness Iraq’s vast gas potential 70 Major investment in oilfield infrastructure -
The Muslim Brotherhood in Syria Year of Origin
MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD IN SYRIA Name: The Muslim Brotherhood in Syria Year of Origin: 1945 Founder(s): Mustafa al-Sibai Place(s) of Operation: Syria Key Leaders: • Mohammad Hekmat Walid: Comptroller general [Image: Al Jazeera] • Hussam Ghadban: Deputy Comptroller general [Image not available] • Mohammad Hatem al-Tabshi: Head of Shura Council [Image not available] • Omar Mushaweh: Head of media and communications [Image; source: Fox News via Omar Mushaweh] • Mulham Droubi: Spokesman [Image; source: Syria Mubasher] • Zuhair Salem: Spokesman [Image; source: Twitter] • Mohammad Riad al-Shaqfeh: Former comptroller general [Image: AFP/Getty Images] • Mohammad Farouk Tayfour: Former deputy comptroller general [Image: please take from MB entity report] • Ali Sadreddine al-Bayanouni: Former comptroller general [Image: please take from MB entity report] • Issam al-Attar: Former comptroller general [Image: Bernd Arnold] Associated Organization(s): • Al-Ikhwan al-Muslimin1 • Syrian Ikhwan2 The Syrian Muslim Brotherhood (i.e., the Syrian Brotherhood or the Brotherhood) was formed in 1945 as an affiliate of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood.3 The Syrian Brotherhood actively participated in Syrian politics until 1963, when the incoming pan-Arab Baath party began restricting the movement before ultimately banning the party in 1964.4 In 1964, Brotherhood member Marwan Hadid formed a violent offshoot—known as the Fighting Vanguard—whose members waged numerous terror attacks against the regime in the 1970s and early ’80s. In 1982, in order to quell a Brotherhood uprising in the city of Hama, then-Syrian President Hafez al- Assad dealt a near-fatal blow to the group, killing between 10,000 and 40,000 armed 1 Raphaël Lefèvre, Ashes of Hama: The Muslim Brotherhood in Syria (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013), 24. -
Interview #25
United States Institute of Peace Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Iraq PRT Experience Project INTERVIEW #25 Interviewed by: Barbara Nielsen Initial Interview May 1, 2008 Copyright 2008 USIP & ADST Executive Summary The interviewee was the PRT team leader in Diyala province from February, 2007 until March, 2008. Diyala province is ethnically mixed, comprised of roughly 20% Shia, 40% Sunni, 9% Kurd, and the remainder other groups. Although intermarriage was frequent (e.g. the governor’s paramount wife was a Shia, but his young wife was a Sunni) and coexistence among the groups had been traditional, after the fall of Saddam Hussein, the sectarian divide was accentuated, along with the manifestation of a complex mosaic of conflicting loyalties and historical grievances. The interviewee’s principal mandate was to develop the capacity of the provincial government to function. However, with the constant combat and frequent ambushes he describes, lasting from February through the late fall of 2007, the PRT’s ability to travel was severely limited. The interviewee describes how, initially, they had to pick up the provincial governor in his own village 20 miles away and bring him to the government center so he could sit in his office. After about three months, the PRT renovated and fortified his office so that he could remain there overnight three to four nights per week. That example led to the assistant governor, deputy governor and other directors resorting to the same governing technique. The interviewee describes how Al-Qaeda was initially invited into the province to protect the Sunni inhabitants from the Shia militia operating at the behest of the Shia police chief. -
Iraq SITREP 2015-5-22
Iraq Situation Report: July 02 - 06, 2015 1 On July 3, ISIS destroyed the house of Hawija police chief Col. Fattah Yasin al-Khafaji in Barima 7 On July 4, ISIS launched two SVBIEDs against the ISF and “Popular Mobiliza- village, between Kirkuk and Hawija. On July 5, Iraqi Air Force airstrikes destroyed a VBIED factory tion” in Baiji district, north of Tikrit, killing nine Iraqi Army (IA) soldiers and containing “more than 100 vehicles” and killed a large number of ISIS members, including “explosives forcing the ISF and “Popular Mobilization” to withdraw southward from the center experts” in Riyadh sub-district, southwest of Kirkuk on the road linking Kirkuk and Hawija. Between of Baiji. ISIS then recaptured Asri and Tamim neighborhoods in Baiji. On July 6, July 3 and July 4, DoD reported two airstrikes “near Hawija.” the Ministry of Defense (MoD) reported that IA Aviation strikes killed 10 ISIS ghters in the Albu Juwari area, north of Baiji, and an anonymous security source 2 On July 6, Kirkuk Peshmerga ocials stated that ISIS attacked Peshmerga positions in al-Humayra reported that ISF reinforcements are heading to Baiji from south of Tikrit. Between and al-Murra villages, al-Nawal, al-Shahid complex, the Rashad area, Maktab Khalid, and Miriam July 3 and 6, the DoD conrmed three airstrikes “near Baiji.” Beg south of Kirkuk city. According to a Kirkuk Peshmerga ocial, 600 ISIS ghters participated in the attack and used multiple SVBIEDs, three of which the Peshmerga destroyed 8 Between July 3 and July 6, DoD reported six airstrikes “near Makhmur,” with anti-tank missiles before the SVBIEDs reached their targets.