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Wairarapa Moana Wetlands Sea of Glistening Waters

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Wairarapa Moana Wetlands Sea of Glistening Waters WAIRARAPA MOANA WETLANDS SEA OF GLISTENING WATERS Featherston ellington Visitor shelter To W Masterton Contents Easy walking Martinborough Things to do 2 Keep dogs under control Beautiful Wairarapa Moana 3 Picnic area Toilet Native wildlife of Wairarapa Moana 5 estern Lake Rd Bird watching W Cross Creek Planning a trip 7 Murphys Line Rd th Featherston Rd Cycling carpark Lae S Places to visit 9 omain Bartons lagoon Fishing Lake Domain Reserve 10 Camping (northern Lake Wairarapa) Tauherenikau River Kayaking Boggy Pond and Wairio Wetland 11 (eastern Lake Wairarapa) Wairarapa Lake Shore 12 Scenic Reserve 0 1 2 3 4 5km Wairarapa Lae Shore Scenic Reserve ara Rd (western Lake Wairarapa) Kahut Pounui Lagoon 13 Wairio wetlands Lake Wairarapa Boggy (northern Lake Ōnoke) Pond Ōnoke Spit 14 (southern Lake Ōnoke) Waiorongomai River Lake Ōnoke 15 Parera Rd (Lake Ferry settlement) Allsops Bay Caring for Wairarapa Moana 16 To Martinborough Observing nature 17 Access Rd est Regional location map 18 W Ruamahanga River Barrage Gates East Glossary of Māori Terms 18 Martinborough Pirinoa Rd Kohunui marae Wairarapa Moana Wetlands North Island estern Lake Rd Native vegetation W Exotic trees Pirinoa and grass Pounui lagoon Mud flats Paul’s Beach gravel Bank Wairarapa Lake Önoke Moana Water Kiriwai Lake Ferry Track lagoon Ōorewa lagoon Cape Palliser Rd Birdhide Ōnoe Spit Formed carpark South Island Gravel road Palliser Bay Rimutaka Cycle Trail 2 THINGS TO DO Bird watching Cycling Enjoy bird watching from natural vantage points at The Rimutaka Cycle Trail joins Western Lake Road at the main visitor sites, or from the bird hides at Boggy Cross Creek Road (see www.nzcycletrail.com). Pond and the lake shore at Wairio wetland. Bird Cyclists can continue south on the trail to the coast of watching sites are marked on the map opposite. Take Palliser Bay or 12km north to Featherston. Cycling via your camera and binoculars! Western Lake Road, East-West Access Road and Kahutara Road forms a 67km loop ride around Lake Walking Wairarapa from Featherston. Walks range from about 20 minutes to 3 hours. Most are an easy gradient over uneven ground. Tracks are Fishing marked on the map overleaf and signposted from car Brown trout in Lake Wairarapa are best found in river parks. deltas where fly fishing and spinning can be effective. A fishing licence is required for trout, perch and tench. Camping Licences can be purchased at some outdoor sports stores or online at www.fishandgame.org.nz. Part Free campsites at Lake Domain Reserve and of the licence fee supports waterfowl and wetland Wairarapa Lake Shore Scenic Reserve offer basic conservation. facilities for tent and motorhome camping. For more camping options nearby see www.wairarapanz.com Duck shooting Swimming Lake Wairarapa is a top waterfowl hunting location in Aotearoa/New Zealand, attracting hunters from Lake Wairarapa has lots of sediment making it overseas and throughout the country. The game bird look muddy. However, the water is usually safe to hunting season runs for six to eight weeks starting in swim in unless there has been heavy rainfall when early May. A game bird hunting licence is required some pollutants might be present. Swimming is not to hunt waterfowl. For more information on licencing recommended in Lake Ōnoke due to strong tidal visit www.fishandgame.org.nz or an outdoor sports flows when the mouth of the lake is open to the sea. store. Part of the licence fee supports waterfowl and Kayaking, canoeing and wetland conservation. windsurfing The best launch spots are at Lake Domain Reserve, Wairarapa Lake Shore Scenic Reserve, Lake Ōnoke and Ōnoke Spit. These sites are marked on the map opposite. Front & back cover photography by Pete Monk BEAUTIFUL WAIRARAPA Photo: Pete Monk MOANA 4 he glistening waters and big sky vistas of A place of change TWairarapa Moana appeal to those looking for a peaceful experience. The lakeside silence is broken In 1855 one of the largest known earthquakes in only by the wind and the flap of wings. Aotearoa/New Zealand contributed to raising the Visitors can explore and enjoy the wildlife of the lakebed and wetlands. Lake Wairarapa, the shallow lakes, natural wetlands and sand dunes. Despite remains of a once larger lake, is part of a depression its sense of remoteness, Wairarapa Moana is formed by the convergence of two tectonic plates. surrounded by farmland and is easily reached from While the wetlands continue to evolve naturally, nearby Featherston, Greytown and Martinborough. human intervention has reduced the area and changed the character of Wairarapa Moana. Swamps, predominant in the low-lying area of A wetland taonga Wairarapa Moana, were drained and cleared for farming. Wairarapa Moana is an internationally important The Lower Wairarapa Valley Development wetland and the largest lake and remaining wetland Scheme, a flood management system completed complex in the lower North Island. For some 800 in the 1970’s, saw diversion of the Ruamahanga years it has been a place of significant customary River away from Lake Wairarapa and the installation and spiritual importance, abundant in natural food of the Barrage Gates. This system is still used to and resources. artificially manage the lake levels. Wairarapa Moana has a history that links farmers In 2012, a formal partnership was established in and tangata whenua. In the 1840’s land leases from response to a growing recognition of the need Māori by sheep farmers were barred by a Crown to improve the health and to restore the mauri of keen to buy the land and sell it on for profit. Just the the lakes and the surrounding environment. Ngāti lakes and the flood-prone areas crucial for tuna/ Kahungunu ki Wairarapa, Rangitāne o Wairarapa, local hapū, Greater Wellington Regional Council, eel fishing were left in Māori ownership. The Moana South Wairarapa District Council, the Department was subsequently gifted by tangata whenua to of Conservation, farmers and the wider community the Crown in 1896 in exchange for reserves. Māori now work together to help protect and enhance the eventually received land in the Waikato, and redress natural, recreational, historical and cultural values of for Wairarapa iwi is being progressed under the Tiriti Wairarapa Moana. o Waitangi/Treaty of Waitangi. For further reading on the fascinating natural and human history of Wairarapa Moana see Wairarapa Moana: The Lake and Its People published by the Wairarapa Archive. NATIVE WILDLIFE OF WAIRARAPA Photo: Pete Monk MOANA 6 Birds Plants The range of habitats in Wairarapa Moana supports When lake levels on the eastern shore are low, a many wading, shore, wetland and forest birds. large expanse of tiny prostrate plants (a turf field) is Kawau/black shags can often be seen posing visible. This vegetation supports a seasonal influx of with wings outstretched to dry. A flock of kotuku- migratory birds. The lake and lagoon sedgelands ngutupapa/royal spoonbills and other wading birds play an important role in helping to improve water might be seen feeding on the lake shore mudflats. quality and to provide a buffer from flood waters. When the water level is low, they may be joined They also provide more secure habitat for birds to by the kuaka/bar-tailed godwit, which are Arctic nest. migrants. Don’t discount the value of the scruffy looking Rare and secretive wetland birds may be heard Buchanan’s and curly sedges at the water’s edge rather than seen. A population of endangered at Lake Domain Reserve. While they are more matuku/Australasian bittern ‘boom’ a territorial call common in gardens, they are unusual inhabitants of this locality. during their breeding season. Ōnoke Spit is one of the national strongholds for Threatened taranui/Caspian terns and karoro/ hinarepe/sand tussock. Also tenaciously holding on black-backed gulls nest in the exposed sands of are the mat daisy (Raoulia species) and pinatoro Ōnoke Spit. (Pimelea species), in which survives a Notoreas moth species endemic to this area and the Fish and shellfish endangered katipo spider. The waterbodies of Wairarapa Moana provide For more information on Wairarapa Moana freshwater and estuarine habitats for fish. Tuna/ biodiversity see www.waiwetlands.org.nz longfin eel are iconic to the area, having previously migrated in their thousands across Ōnoke Spit. The lower tributaries of Lake Ōnoke provide spawning habitat for inanga/whitebait, while pātiki mohoao/black flounder inhabit the lake bed. Käkahi Kākahi/freshwater mussels are found in some of the rivers and lakes around Wairarapa Moana. They prefer soft muds with gently flowing water. Kākahi have historically been a food source for Māori and the shells were used as cutting tools. Photo: Pete Monk Kākahi face an uncertain future as they are a species in decline. The health of the Wairarapa Moana population is being monitored. PLANNING A TRIP Travelling to the Moana Half day itinerary suggestions Wairarapa Moana is close to Greytown, Pounui Lagoon and Ōnoke Spit Featherston, Martinborough and the small coastal Pack a picnic for a stop at Wairarapa Lake Shore settlement of Lake Ferry. Scenic Reserve, part way down the western shore of Lake Wairarapa. Take a pair of binoculars and walk Distances between sites or kayak for some bird observing at Pounui Lagoon. by vehicle A return walk along a stop bank leading north overlooks the wetlands. An alternative route is along Paul’s Bank, running east along the northern edge of Featherston to Lake Domain 8km / 10 mins Lake Ōnoke. Reserve Access to Ōnoke Spit (a 3km stretch) is just a few Featherston to Wairarapa Lake kilometres further south. There are more wetland 18km / 20mins Shore Scenic Reserve birds to be observed at Kiriwai Lagoon (adjacent to the car parking area) or shorebirds along the Spit.
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