DOCSLIB.ORG

And Computer Users Richard Gillespie

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
And Computer Users Richard Gillespie Collecting computers —and computer users Richard Gillespie A door seems an odd object to the control panel. After a tantalising Among the world’s first include in a computing collection. pause, the computer began printing a computers Yet the wooden-framed glass door programmed message: The door that is now preserved in now proudly displayed in the School the collection thus symbolises the of Computing and Information Mr Vice Chancellor. university’s entry into computing, Systems (pictured below) represents Thank you for declaring me open. both for research and teaching. Earlier the beginning of more than six I can add, subtract and multiply; that year, physics researchers had been decades of computing at the solve linear and differential observed emerging from the lab after University of Melbourne. equations; play a mediocre game seeing the computer being put through On 14 June 1956, a group of of chess and also some music.1 its first trials in Melbourne, excited dignitaries and nervous staff passed by the prospect of using CSIRAC to through the door of the Computation Because CSIRAC printed at the speed up their calculations. The first Laboratory, located in what is now rate of only four or five characters course in programming CSIRAC called the Old Physics Building on per second, the assembled guests had been run in February 1956, the Parkville campus. Sir Ian Clunies- had to wait about a minute for the attracting some 30 participants from Ross, chairman of CSIRO, formally message to be completed. But they university departments, research transferred the CSIR Mark 1 had no doubt that the event marked a organisations, government and computer to the university; vice- significant moment in the university’s business. Determining the foundation chancellor George Paton then history. The newspapers reported date of a computer science department named the re-assembled computer enthusiastically about the university’s is a contentious and competitive ‘CSIRAC’ and pressed a button on ‘electronic brain’.2 endeavour, but when the Computation Laboratory at the University of Melbourne was formally established as a separate department in October 1955, it was one of only a handful in the world. CSIRAC was by then a computer with an impressive history. It had been designed and built in Sydney by British physicist Trevor Pearcey and electrical engineer Maston Beard, as a research project of the Division of Radiophysics of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. The CSIR Mark 1, as the computer was called in Sydney, ran its first test 12 University of Melbourne Collections, issue 22, June 2018 Opposite: Door of the University of Melbourne Below: Jurij Semkiw at the control console Computation Laboratory, 1955. CSIRAC054, of CSIRAC at the University of Melbourne, School of Computing and Information Systems late 1950s. 2017.0071.00157, University of Collection, University of Melbourne. Melbourne Photograph Collection 1857–1990, University of Melbourne Archives. program around November 1949, making it the fourth electronic digital computer in the world. The Mark 1 was used extensively for computations in radio-astronomy and cloud physics, the two main research areas of the Division of Radiophysics, as well as by other researchers and organisations, such as the Snowy Mountains Authority. In 1951 it was even used to play some simple tunes—now recognised as being the world’s first computer music.3 By 1954, however, CSIR radiophysics chief Edward Bowen had decided to terminate the computer project, in part to focus his division’s limited funds on radio- astronomy and cloud physics, but also to pressure the government tables. Betty Laby in the Statistics computer. Extolling the powers of and universities into picking Department managed a team of the machine, Martin stressed to the up responsibility for electronic women ‘computers’, who undertook University of Melbourne Council that computing. By then Harry Messel, this work for the (overwhelmingly the hydrogen bomb could not have newly appointed physics professor at male) researchers. Cherry had been been developed without computers, the University of Sydney, was raising sending computations to Sydney to be for it would have been impossible for funds for a more powerful computer, run on the Mark 1 and recognised the humans to undertake the complex to undertake research in nuclear benefits of building a computational calculations: ‘It is simply a device physics. CSIR offered the Mark 1 to capacity in Melbourne, but he also which is absolutely essential today in interested parties. foresaw that digital computing was mathematics, theoretical physics and Thomas Cherry, the University about to transform many fields of statistics’.4 of Melbourne’s professor of research. Cherry forged an alliance It was never going to be mathematics, jumped at the with his Melbourne colleague Leslie straightforward to gain approval opportunity. Up to now, complex Martin, professor of physics, who for such a project in a university mathematical and statistical also saw the benefits of a machine that was operating a deficit budget calculations in the university required that could perform calculations and struggling to invest in research mechanical calculators or logarithm 1,000 times faster than a human equipment. Cherry and Martin Richard Gillespie Collecting computers—and computer users 13 An early printed circuit board, made by Jurij Semkiw to extend CSIRAC’s disk store, 1961. CSIRAC036, School of Computing and Information Systems Collection, University of Melbourne. argued that the Mark 1 was worth the operating memory, and construct Preserving CSIRAC £50,000 to £100,000 and available a new magnetic-disk store. After Fortunately, the operating team on permanent loan at no cost. 12 months of testing and technical understood CSIRAC’s historical Additional staff and operational upgrades, the renamed CSIRAC significance. Whereas the other expenses would cost £6,500 a year, (Commonwealth Scientific and first-generation computers in Britain but CSIRO had promised half that Industrial Research Organisation and the United States were scrapped, amount for three years, provided it Automatic Computer) was ready or only parts retained, in 1964 the could continue to use the machine to meet the needs of university complete units of CSIRAC were for its own projects. Martin researchers and external users. donated to the Institute of Applied anticipated, rather optimistically, Over the next eight years, from Science (now part of Museums that the computer could earn £2,000 June 1956 to November 1964, Victoria). As a result, CSIRAC is the from external users, so that the real CSIRAC operated for some 30,000 only intact first-generation computer charge to university funds would hours, with maintenance accounting surviving anywhere in the world.6 The only be £1,000 a year. (University for only 10 per cent of that time. This computer remained in storage until researchers and administrators will was an extraordinary performance CSIRAC’s original designer, Trevor appreciate this financial sleight- for a first-generation computer, and Pearcey, became dean of the School of of-hand.) Council approved the testimony to the skills and dedication Computing and Information Systems funding and the Mark 1 was of the operating team, which over at Caulfield Institute of Technology; carefully dismantled, loaded onto that period included Frank Hirst, in 1980 he arranged for the display a truck, covered with a tarpaulin, maintenance engineer Ron Bowles, of CSIRAC at Caulfield, where it and transported down the Hume Jurij Semkiw, Peter Thorne and Kay remained until 1992, when it returned Highway in June 1955. Thorne. CSIRAC was available for to storage. Once again, a former Physics lecturer Dr Frank Hirst use by university staff and students, CSIRAC operator came to the had been put in charge of the new CSIRO researchers, and government rescue. Peter Thorne, by then head of Computation Department, which departments; in addition, income the Department of Computer Science was overseen by Thomas Cherry and was generated from business users, at the University of Melbourne, Leslie Martin. Hirst later recalled: although rather more modestly than arranged in 1996 for CSIRAC to be ‘We had only one committee Martin had promised! Some 700 displayed in the School of Computer meeting of five minutes duration projects were undertaken, including Science in Bouverie Street, to mark when, by chance, the two Professors physics computations, processing of the 40th anniversary of CSIRAC’s were visiting the Computation survey data, solar radiation tables, operation in Melbourne. Department at the same time’.5 loan repayment tables, life insurance This event triggered a more Hirst had to oversee the re-assembly tables, structural engineering for systematic documentation of of the large cabinets (containing buildings (including ICI House), CSIRAC’s history, and of computer more than 2,000 vacuum tubes), forestry research, electricity supply science at the university. A CSIRAC redesign the mercury delay lines for and climate research. History Team documented CSIRAC, 14 University of Melbourne Collections, issue 22, June 2018 Right: Country school students visiting CSIRAC on Open Day, 1963 (Victorian Pressphoto). 2017.0071.00480, University of Melbourne Photograph Collection 1857–1990, University of Melbourne Archives. Below: CSIRAC on display in Melbourne Museum, 2001. The panels have been removed to show the valves and circuitry. Photograph courtesy Museums Victoria.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Emerging Technologies Multi/Parallel Processing
    Emerging Technologies Multi/Parallel Processing Mary C. Kulas New Computing Structures Strategic Relations Group December 1987 For Internal Use Only Copyright @ 1987 by Digital Equipment Corporation. Printed in U.S.A. The information contained herein is confidential and proprietary. It is the property of Digital Equipment Corporation and shall not be reproduced or' copied in whole or in part without written permission. This is an unpublished work protected under the Federal copyright laws. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, MA 01754. DECpage LN03 This report was produced by Educational Services with DECpage and the LN03 laser printer. Contents Acknowledgments. 1 Abstract. .. 3 Executive Summary. .. 5 I. Analysis . .. 7 A. The Players . .. 9 1. Number and Status . .. 9 2. Funding. .. 10 3. Strategic Alliances. .. 11 4. Sales. .. 13 a. Revenue/Units Installed . .. 13 h. European Sales. .. 14 B. The Product. .. 15 1. CPUs. .. 15 2. Chip . .. 15 3. Bus. .. 15 4. Vector Processing . .. 16 5. Operating System . .. 16 6. Languages. .. 17 7. Third-Party Applications . .. 18 8. Pricing. .. 18 C. ~BM and Other Major Computer Companies. .. 19 D. Why Success? Why Failure? . .. 21 E. Future Directions. .. 25 II. Company/Product Profiles. .. 27 A. Multi/Parallel Processors . .. 29 1. Alliant . .. 31 2. Astronautics. .. 35 3. Concurrent . .. 37 4. Cydrome. .. 41 5. Eastman Kodak. .. 45 6. Elxsi . .. 47 Contents iii 7. Encore ............... 51 8. Flexible . ... 55 9. Floating Point Systems - M64line ................... 59 10. International Parallel ........................... 61 11. Loral .................................... 63 12. Masscomp ................................. 65 13. Meiko .................................... 67 14. Multiflow. ~ ................................ 69 15. Sequent................................... 71 B. Massively Parallel . 75 1. Ametek.................................... 77 2. Bolt Beranek & Newman Advanced Computers ...........
    [Show full text]
  • Pete's Unsung Contribution to IEEE Standard 754 for Binary Floating
    File: 19July10 Pete’s Unsung Contribution to IEEE 754 Version dated July 10, 2010 8:21 am Pete’s Unsung Contribution to IEEE Standard 754 for Binary Floating-Point Prepared for the Conference to Celebrate Prof. G.W. “Pete” Stewart’s 70th Birthday July 19-20, 2010, at the University of Texas at Austin by Prof. W. Kahan Mathematics Dept. & Computer Science Dept. University of California @ Berkeley This is posted at <www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~wkahan/19July10.pdf> Prof. W. Kahan Page 1/18 File: 19July10 Pete’s Unsung Contribution to IEEE 754 Version dated July 10, 2010 8:21 am Pete’s Unsung Contribution to IEEE Standard 754 for Binary Floating-Point Abstract The near-universal portability, after recompilation, of numerical software for scientific, engineering, medical and entertaining computations owes a lot to the near-universal adoption of IEEE Standard 754 by computer arithmetic hardware starting in the 1980s. But in 1980, after forty months of dispute, the committee drafting this Standard was still unable to reach a consensus. The disagreement seemed irreconcilable. That was when Pete helped to close the divide. This is posted at <www.eecs.berkeley.edu/~wkahan/19July10.pdf> Prof. W. Kahan Page 2/18 File: 19July10 Pete’s Unsung Contribution to IEEE 754 Version dated July 10, 2010 8:21 am “Three Removes are as bad as a Fire.” Benjamin Franklin, Preface to Poor Richard’s Almanack (1758) My office has been moved twice since 1980, so now my notes for the events in question are buried in one of a few dozen full cartons,— I know not which.
    [Show full text]
  • Allan Unix Newsletter
    allan Unix User Gro Newsletter ~folume 5 rnber 1 The Australian UNIX* Users Group Newsletter Volume V Number i CONTENTS Editorial 2 Survey Responses 2 New Newsletters 3 Next AUUG Meeting 3 Books 4 Book Review 6 Nets 8 AUNET Directory Ii Netnews 28 Clippings 34 Symposium on UNIX 38 Review of August 1983 AUUG Meeting 39 From the EUUG Newsletter 49 From ;login: 61 USENIX Technical Sessions at UNIFORUM 65 Letters 95 February 1984 AUUG Meeting Details 102 Copyright (c) 1984. AUUGN is the journal of the Australian UNIX User Group, Copying without fee is permitted provided that copies are not made or distributed for commercial advantage and credit to the source is given. Abstracting with credit is permitted, No other reproduction is permitted without the prior permission of the Australian UNIX User Group, * UNIX is a trademark of Bell Telephone Laboratories, AUUGN Vol V No i Editorial Do you have the feeling you have missed something in the last few years? Have your doors been blowing closed more often because you cannot find those old AUUGN issues? Well, have no fear, the editor who brought you volumes two and three has returned to bring you volume five. I would like to take this opportunity to apologise to all our regular subscribers for the problems they may have experienced in dealing with the editors of AUUGN during 1982 and 1983. Particular apologies must go to subscribers like the CSIRO, who paid for volume IV and received nothing. Well, enough of problems, on to the good stuff! In This Issue You will notice the appearance of a few new departments in this volume.
    [Show full text]
  • Inquiry Into the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Tourism and Events Sectors Submission 119
    LC EIC Inquiry into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism and events sectors Submission 119 Parliament of Victoria, Legislative Council Economy and Infrastructure Committee Inquiry into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism and events sectors Museums Victoria submission 1. About Museums Victoria Museums Victoria is Australasia’s largest museum organisation, comprising three museums – Melbourne Museum, Scienceworks and the Immigration Museum – the Royal Exhibition Building and IMAX Melbourne. In 2018-19 we connected with more than 9 million people at our museums, across our digital platforms and through our outreach program. Museums Victoria manages the State Collection of more than 17 million objects that record Victoria’s social, natural and cultural histories. This collection is a vital foundation for research and ongoing discovery into Victoria’s society and environment, with research shared globally through partnerships with leading research institutions. 2. Coronavirus (COVID-19) impacts The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic’s impact has had both immediate and long-term impact on Museums Victoria. Lockdowns during 2020 caused Melbourne Museum, Scienceworks and the Immigration Museum to be closed to all visitors for a total of 35 weeks. This directly impacted almost all revenue streams for the museums, with no admissions or related commercial activity (onsite retail, retail and event catering, venue hire, car park). The museums reopened to the public on 16 November 2020. While there was strong demand for tickets, capacity and density limitations slowed recovery during a typically peak visitation period. The lack of tourism audiences has been and continues to be particularly significant.
    [Show full text]
  • Organisation Context Vision  People Enriched by Wondrous Discovery and Trusted Knowledge
    Role Statement The Position Head, Exhibitions Department and Exhibitions Department; Division Experience & Engagement Division Classification Grade 6; Value Range 2 Position Type Full-time; Ongoing Salary Range $136,627 - $156,387 per annum plus 9.5% superanuation Position Number MV/6366 Reports to Director, Experience & Engagement Date Prepared October 2018 Purpose of this Position The purpose of this position is to provide leadership within the Experience Production Department to achieve Museums Victoria’s strategic directions through the delivery and advocacy of a world-class and ambitious exhibitions program that reflects the overall goals and objectives of the organisation – as well as the individual flavour and mission of each of Museums Victoria’s three museums - the Immigration Museum, Scienceworks and Melbourne Museum and the Royal Exhibition Building. This role reports to the Director, Experience and Engagement and is responsible for envisioning, advocacy, planning and delivery of all aspects of the exhibitions program, including but not limited to the redevelopment and operations of the long term exhibitions program, temporary and touring exhibitions program and rapid response displays and pop- ups. The position will also work closely and in collaboration with each museum’s General Manager and other key internal stakeholders, to deliver against the organisation's overall strategic direction, while also reflecting each Museum’s core business strategies and vision. Primary Accountability The position is accountable for leading the development and delivery of an ambitious, world- class exhibitions program across MV’s three museums and the Royal Exhibitions Building. Lead the Experience Production Department by fostering a collaborative, supportive and dynamic team environment and through exemplary professional practice to deliver audience focussed exhibitions experiences within on time and within budget and that provide optimal outcomes for Museums Victoria stakeholders.
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Museums and Galleries Association Annual Report 2018
    Australian Museums and Galleries Association Annual Report 2018 1 Australian Museums and Galleries Association operates with the generous support of Museums Victoria, Western Australian Museum, ICOM Australia, and Australian Library and Information Association, as well as individual members who have made generous donations. Australian Museums and Galleries Association PO Box 24 DEAKIN WEST ACT 2600 Telephone 02 6230 0346 ABN 83 048 139 955 Auditor Accountability PO Box 776 Mitchell ACT 2911 Telephone 0407 407 776 ABN 65 119 369 827 All images in this Annual Report 2018 have been sourced and reproduced with the permission of the owner/s. If you have any questions about the images reproduced herein, please contact the National Office on 02 6230 0346. The National Office of Australian Museums and Galleries Association acknowledges the Ngunnawal people who are the traditional custodians of this land on which we work and pay respect to the Elders of the Ngunnawal Nation both past and present. 2 Contents National President’s Introduction 4 National Director’s Introduction 5 National Council 2017-2019 7 About the Association 7 Membership 12 Branches & Chapters 15 National Networks 23 Partnerships 26 Awards 28 Conference: Agents of Change 29 Communications 30 Finances 32 3 National President’s Introduction 2018 was an exacting but rewarding year. In A Special General Meeting of the association was addition to carrying out the day to day functions held in Canberra on 26 November 2018. Members of a national membership organization, including considered and voted on a resolution to change provision of membership services, advocacy, the name of our association.
    [Show full text]
  • R00456--FM Getting up to Speed
    GETTING UP TO SPEED THE FUTURE OF SUPERCOMPUTING Susan L. Graham, Marc Snir, and Cynthia A. Patterson, Editors Committee on the Future of Supercomputing Computer Science and Telecommunications Board Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington, D.C. www.nap.edu THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Gov- erning Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engi- neering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for ap- propriate balance. Support for this project was provided by the Department of Energy under Spon- sor Award No. DE-AT01-03NA00106. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number 0-309-09502-6 (Book) International Standard Book Number 0-309-54679-6 (PDF) Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 2004118086 Cover designed by Jennifer Bishop. Cover images (clockwise from top right, front to back) 1. Exploding star. Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Center for Supernova Research, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science. 2. Hurricane Frances, September 5, 2004, taken by GOES-12 satellite, 1 km visible imagery. U.S. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration. 3. Large-eddy simulation of a Rayleigh-Taylor instability run on the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory MCR Linux cluster in July 2003.
    [Show full text]
  • 2015 Queensland Pearcey Entrepreneur Award
    2018 Pearcey Day at DIF Tuesday, 28 August 2018 Pearcey Foundation Inc. Twitter: @pearcey_org #DIFVIC #DIFVicFeatureEvent https://pearcey.org.au Welcome Celebrating the Past; Informing the Present; Inspiring the Future Dr Peter Thorne Chairman, National Committee Twitter: @pearcey_org https://pearcey.org.au #DIFVIC #DIFVicFeatureEvent 2 Panel Speakers Dr Matthew Connell Powerhouse Museum Twitter: @pearcey_org https://pearcey.org.au #DIFVIC #DIFVicFeatureEvent 3 Panel Speakers David Piltz Telstra/Heritage Communication Ltd Twitter: @pearcey_org https://pearcey.org.au #DIFVIC #DIFVicFeatureEvent 4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS HERITAGE David Piltz Telstra Corp Ltd TELSTRA TELSTRA TELSTRA TEMPLATE TEMPLATE BLUE BLUE 4X3BETA4X3BETA| | TELPPTV4 TELPPTV4 COMMUNICATIONS HISTORY • Communication dates back Millennia ➢ Indigenous message sticks ➢ Smoke Signals ➢ Optical Telegraph by Semaphore Flags • Wired Communication ➢ Telegraph ➢ Telephone ➢ Switchboards ➢ Electromechanical exchanges ➢ Optical fibre • Wireless Communication ➢ Radio Telegraphy ➢ Radio Broadcasting ➢ Radio Duplex Voice • Advancements ➢ Semiconductors ➢ Computers ➢ Miniaturisation and Handheld devices HERITAGE ASSETS IN PMG / TELECOM / TELSTRA • Passionate individuals within Telstra and its predecessor entities have been working to protect the company’s historical legacy for many years. • The Collection has gone through various phases of organisational sponsorship and management over many years – this has included paid historical officers and individual state based approaches. • A ‘Telstra
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Conference Program
    DRAFT CONFERENCE PROGRAM Details are subject to change MAKING CONSERVATION CONNECTED WEDNESDAY / 13 NOVEMBER SESSION Keynote: TBC ONE Conservation decision making and materiality in tropical Nicole Tse climates: New pedagogies, connectivity and identities The Grimwade Centre for Cultural Materials Conservation, University of Melbourne The extent of community involvement in the process of Mei Jia Ng conserving objects with power: The case study of the Heritage LASALLE College of the Arts Conservation Centre, Singapore Preventive conservation in the storage of deceased estates at Lily Bennion SESSION Aboriginal Art Centres Waringarri Aboriginal Arts; Warmun Art Centre; The TWO Grimwade Centre for Cultural Materials Conservation, University of Melbourne Conservation in my art centre Graduates of the Arnhem, Northern, Kimberley Artists, Aboriginal Corporation (ANKA) Art Workers Extension Program (AWEP) who took part in the inaugural Specialist Certificate in Cross Cultural Conservation and Heritage SESSION Connecting community and conservation Erina McCann Jade Hadfield Tiaki Objects Conservation Museums Victoria THREE ‘Political’ conservation: Showcasing practice and lobbying Sabine Cotte government in Shekhawati, India The Grimwade Centre for Cultural Materials Conservation, University of Melbourne Community engagement in the conservation of built heritage Walter Chan in Asia Institute of Archaeology, University College London Connecting with spirit at the home of heritage: A case study in Mitch Cleghorn Grace Barrand building conservation
    [Show full text]
  • Documentation User's Guide, Overview, and Master Index MAINSAIL~ Documentation User's Guide
    Documentation User's Guide, Overview, and Master Index MAINSAIL~ Documentation User's Guide MAINSAIL Overview Master Index 24 March 1989 Copyright (c) 1981,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1989, by XIDAK, Inc., Menlo Park, California. The software described herein is the property of XIDAK. Inc., with all rights reserved, and is a confidential trade secret of XIDAK. The software described herein may be used only under license from XIDAK. MAlNSAIL is a registered trademark ofXIDAK, Inc. MAlNDEBUG, MAlNEDIT, MAINMEDIA. MAlNPM, Structure Blaster, roB, and SQUT are trademarks of XIDAK, Inc. CONCENTRIX is a trademark of Alliant Computer Systems Corporation. Amdahl, Universal Time-Sharing System, and UTS are trademarks of Amdahl Corporation. Aegis, Apollo, DOMAIN, GMR, and GPR are trademarks of Apollo Computer Inc. UNIX and UNIX System V are trademarks of AT&T. DASHER, DGIUX. ECLIPSE, ECLIPSE MV/4000, ECUPSE MV/8000, ECLIPSE MV/10000, and ECLIPSE MV/20000 are trademarks of Data General Corporation. DEC, PDP, TOPS-10, TOPS-20, V AX-H. V AX. MicroV AX. MicroVMS, ULTRIX-32. and V AX/VMS are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. EMBOS and ELXSI System 6400 are trademarks of ELXSI, Inc. The KERMIT File Transfer Protocol was named after the star of THE MUPPET SHOW television series. The name is used by permission of Henson Associates, Inc. HP-UX and Vectra are trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company. Intel is a trademark of Intel Corporation. CLIPPER, CLIX, Intergraph, InterPro 32, and InterPro 32C are trademarks of Intergraph Corporation. System/370, VM/SP CMS, and CMS are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.
    [Show full text]
  • A Select Bibliography of Maritime Melbourne
    A Select Bibliography of Maritime Melbourne This bibliography is designed to be your starting point. Each quoted work can lead you to others or you can use the National Library of Australia’s Trove search engine to find other references. Many of the government reports can be found on the internet. The State Library of Victoria or your local library can find most of the items listed or suggest others. Aboriginal Maritime Melbourne Meyer Eidelson, The Melbourne dreaming: a guide to the Aboriginal places of Melbourne, Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press, 1997. Gary Presland, Aboriginal Melbourne: the lost land of the Kulin people, Ringwood Vic: McPhee Gribble, 1994. Gary Presland, First People: the Eastern Kulin of Melbourne, Port Phillip and Eastern Victoria, Melbourne: Museum Victoria, 2010. Dean Stewart, The Yarra River Story, Melbourne Koori Heritage Trust, 2008. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fkMhehS-iqo Antarctic Research Stefan Csordas, ANARE: a short history of the Australian Antarctic Research Expedition, Melbourne: Melbourne Maritime Museum, 1991[?]. Bellarine Peninsula Lynette Willey, The waterholes: a history of Drysdale on the Bellarine, Drysdale Vic: Bellarine Historical Society, c2010. Birrarung – the Yarra River Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Transforming the Yarra River, Melbourne: Radio National, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 2016. A sound file. After almost fifty year of trying to 'Clean up the Yarra', Melbourne may finally get a tough, new Yarra River Protection Act. The vision is to deliver a 'world class river' for a 'world class city'. https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/breakfast/platypus,-seals-and- fairy-penguins...-in-the/7580020 Richard Capper, An Episode: Batman and Fawkner: Discovery of the Yarra River, Melbourne: Book Collectors Society of Australia, 1965.
    [Show full text]
  • Mathematics Written in Sand Version of 22 Nov
    Mathematics Written in Sand Version of 22 Nov. 1983 MATHEMATICS WRITTEN IN SAND - the hp-15C, Intel 8087, etc. W. Kahan, University of California @ Berkeley __________________________________________________________________ This paper was presented at the Joint Statistical Meeting of the American Statistical Association with ENAR, WNAR, IMS and SSC held in Toronto, Canada, August 15-18, 1983. Then the paper appeared in pp. 12-26 of the 1983 Statistical Computing Section of the Proceedings of the American Statistical Association. It had been typeset on an IBM PC and printed on an EPSON FX-80 at draft speed with an unreadable type-font of the author’s devising, and then photo-reduced. The paper is reproduced here unaltered but for type fonts, pagination, and an appended Contents page. __________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT: Simplicity is a Virtue; yet we continue to cram ever more complicated circuits ever more densely into silicon chips, hoping all the while that their internal complexity will promote simplicity of use. This paper exhibits how well that hope has been fulfilled by several inexpensive devices widely used nowadays for numerical computation. One of them is the Hewlett-Packard hp-15C programmable shirt- pocket calculator, on which only a few keys need be pressed to perform tasks like these: Real and Complex arithmetic, including the elementary transcendental functions and their inverses; Matrix arithmetic including inverse, transpose, determinant, residual, norms, prompted input/output and complex-real conversion; Solve an equation and evaluate an Integral numerically; simple statistics; Γ and combinatorial functions; ... For instance, a stroke of its [1/X] key inverts an 8x8 matrix of 10-sig.-dec.
    [Show full text]