Resume of Jaewook Lee
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Going the Pub and Being the Library
Going the Pub and Being the Library A Microparameter in North-West English Preposi>onal Phrases Boston University Linguis>cs Faculty Spotlight Thursday, Oct 2nd Neil Myler ([email protected]) The United Kingdom 2 England 3 England The North West of England 4 Bit of the North West we’re dealing with 5 Bit of the North West we’re dealing with Scouse 6 Bit of the North West we’re dealing with Woolyback Scouse 7 Scousers, Plas>c Scousers (Placcies) and Woolybacks St Helens, Widnes etc are wools. Huyton, Kirkby, Bootle etc. are borderline. Birkenhead are the biggest wools. Wools want to be Scousers, Scousers don’t want to be wools. Stevie Dunn I AM proud to be classed as a Scouser and here are my defini>ons. Scouser: An individual born within eyesight of the Liver Building or adopted by the en>re city. Must have a Liverpudlian accent and be proud that we sound Australian to all Americans. Plas>c Scousers: Those born in eyesight of the Liver Building, but have to cross water, or those born and living within the city, but wish to speak differently and live elsewhere. Woolybacks: Those who sound like they live near sheep – areas like Manchester, Warrington and Widnes. Lulla h[p://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/scousers-plas>c-scousers-woolybacks--3366630 h[p://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/nostalgia/what-plas>c-scouser-paddy-shennan-3370855 8 Definite Woolybacks The Lancashire Hotpots • Comedy folk band from St Helens • Named aer “Lancashire Hotpot”, a tradi>onal stew. • Note flatcaps, waistcoats etc. -
Social and Cultural Functions of the Local Press in Preston, Lancashire, 1855-1900
Reading the local paper: Social and cultural functions of the local press in Preston, Lancashire, 1855-1900 by Andrew Hobbs A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Central Lancashire November 2010 ABSTRACT This thesis demonstrates that the most popular periodical genre of the second half of the nineteenth century was the provincial newspaper. Using evidence from news rooms, libraries, the trade press and oral history, it argues that the majority of readers (particularly working-class readers) preferred the local press, because of its faster delivery of news, and because of its local and localised content. Building on the work of Law and Potter, the thesis treats the provincial press as a national network and a national system, a structure which enabled it to offer a more effective news distribution service than metropolitan papers. Taking the town of Preston, Lancashire, as a case study, this thesis provides some background to the most popular local publications of the period, and uses the diaries of Preston journalist Anthony Hewitson as a case study of the career of a local reporter, editor and proprietor. Three examples of how the local press consciously promoted local identity are discussed: Hewitson’s remoulding of the Preston Chronicle, the same paper’s changing treatment of Lancashire dialect, and coverage of professional football. These case studies demonstrate some of the local press content that could not practically be provided by metropolitan publications. The ‘reading world’ of this provincial town is reconstructed, to reveal the historical circumstances in which newspapers and the local paper in particular were read. -
Origins of NZ English
Origins of NZ English There are three basic theories about the origins of New Zealand English, each with minor variants. Although they are usually presented as alternative theories, they are not necessarily incompatible. The theories are: • New Zealand English is a version of 19th century Cockney (lower-class London) speech; • New Zealand English is a version of Australian English; • New Zealand English developed independently from all other varieties from the mixture of accents and dialects that the Anglophone settlers in New Zealand brought with them. New Zealand as Cockney The idea that New Zealand English is Cockney English derives from the perceptions of English people. People not themselves from London hear some of the same pronunciations in New Zealand that they hear from lower-class Londoners. In particular, some of the vowel sounds are similar. So the vowel sound in a word like pat in both lower-class London English and in New Zealand English makes that word sound like pet to other English people. There is a joke in England that sex is what Londoners get their coal in. That is, the London pronunciation of sacks sounds like sex to other English people. The same joke would work with New Zealanders (and also with South Africans and with Australians, until very recently). Similarly, English people from outside London perceive both the London and the New Zealand versions of the word tie to be like their toy. But while there are undoubted similarities between lower-class London English and New Zealand (and South African and Australian) varieties of English, they are by no means identical. -
Perceptions of Different Accent
Masaryk University Faculty of Arts Department of English and American Studies English Language and Literature Hana Richterová Perceptions of Different Accents of English Bachelor ’s Diploma Thesis Supervisor: PhDr. Kate řina Tomková, Ph. D. 2013 I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. …………………………………………….. Author’s signature I would like to thank all of my American respondents who took the time and effort to take part in my research, and all of those who helped me contact them via Facebook, especially Karolina Schmid. My greatest thanks go to Mrs. Kate řina Tomková for her continuous support, willingness and inspirational remarks, which were at the very root of this thesis outline. Table of Contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 2. Theory ........................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 The definition of accent .......................................................................................... 5 2.2 Development of accents of English......................................................................... 6 2.3 Differences between British and American accents ................................................ 8 2.3.1 The separation of the accents ........................................................................... 8 2.3.2 Pronunciation differences .............................................................................. -
Abstracts$Booklet$
The$Seventh$Northern$ Englishes$Workshop$ The$seventh$in$a$series$of$ biennial$workshops$on$the$ dialects$of$Northern$England$ ABSTRACTS$BOOKLET$ $ [in$order$of$presentation]$ $ 14th$−$15th$April$2016$ $ University$of$Edinburgh$ Unstressed vowel backing in Manchester English Maciej Baranowski (University of Manchester), Danielle Turton (Newcastle University) This study is the first systematic exploration of the sociolinguistics of the lowering and backing of the HAPPY (the final vowel in city, chilly, etc.) and LETTER (the final vowel in Manchester, father, etc.) vowels in Manchester English, which form part of the stereotype of the city’s accent. It is based on a sample of 123 speakers stratified by age, gender, socio-economic status, and ethnicity, recorded in sociolinguistic interviews, supplemented with formal elicitations. Formant measurements of the informants’ complete vowel systems are obtained in Praat (Boersma & Weenink 2015) – by hand for 25 speakers and in FAVE (Rosenfelder et al. 2014) for 98 speakers (12,653 tokens of HAPPY and 7,537 tokens of LETTER) – and are analysed in a series of mixed- effects linear regressions, with social (age, gender, ethnicity, social class, style) and internal factors (preceding and following sound) entered as independent variables, and speaker and word as random effects. The retraction of both vowels shows a pattern of monotonic social stratification, with lower classes showing more backing and lowering; interestingly, women show more backing of HAPPY than men. Ethnicity is also significant, with Pakistani speakers not participating in the retraction. While HAPPY lowering and backing is a stable variable, influenced by the quality of the preceding and following sounds (Turton & Ramsammy 2012), the backing of LETTER turns out to be a change in progress, led by younger speakers. -
Barrow-In-Furness, Cumbria
BBC VOICES RECORDINGS http://sounds.bl.uk Title: Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria Shelfmark: C1190/11/01 Recording date: 2005 Speakers: Airaksinen, Ben, b. 1987 Helsinki; male; sixth-form student (father b. Finland, research scientist; mother b. Barrow-in-Furness) France, Jane, b. 1954 Barrow-in-Furness; female; unemployed (father b. Knotty Ash, shoemaker; mother b. Bootle, housewife) Andy, b. 1988 Barrow-in-Furness; male; sixth-form student (father b. Barrow-in-Furness, shop sales assistant; mother b. Harrow, dinner lady) Clare, b. 1988 Barrow-in-Furness; female; sixth-form student (father b. Barrow-in-Furness, farmer; mother b. Brentwood, Essex) Lucy, b. 1988 Leeds; female; sixth-form student (father b. Pudsey, farmer; mother b. Dewsbury, building and construction tutor; nursing home activities co-ordinator) Nathan, b. 1988 Barrow-in-Furness; male; sixth-form student (father b. Dalton-in-Furness, IT worker; mother b. Barrow-in-Furness) The interviewees (except Jane France) are sixth-form students at Barrow VI Form College. ELICITED LEXIS ○ see English Dialect Dictionary (1898-1905) ∆ see New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English (2006) ◊ see Green’s Dictionary of Slang (2010) ♥ see Dictionary of Contemporary Slang (2014) ♦ see Urban Dictionary (online) ⌂ no previous source (with this sense) identified pleased chuffed; happy; made-up tired knackered unwell ill; touch under the weather; dicky; sick; poorly hot baking; boiling; scorching; warm cold freezing; chilly; Baltic◊ annoyed nowty∆; frustrated; pissed off; miffed; peeved -
LANGUAGE VARIETY in ENGLAND 1 ♦ Language Variety in England
LANGUAGE VARIETY IN ENGLAND 1 ♦ Language Variety in England One thing that is important to very many English people is where they are from. For many of us, whatever happens to us in later life, and however much we move house or travel, the place where we grew up and spent our childhood and adolescence retains a special significance. Of course, this is not true of all of us. More often than in previous generations, families may move around the country, and there are increasing numbers of people who have had a nomadic childhood and are not really ‘from’ anywhere. But for a majority of English people, pride and interest in the area where they grew up is still a reality. The country is full of football supporters whose main concern is for the club of their childhood, even though they may now live hundreds of miles away. Local newspapers criss-cross the country in their thousands on their way to ‘exiles’ who have left their local areas. And at Christmas time the roads and railways are full of people returning to their native heath for the holiday period. Where we are from is thus an important part of our personal identity, and for many of us an important component of this local identity is the way we speak – our accent and dialect. Nearly all of us have regional features in the way we speak English, and are happy that this should be so, although of course there are upper-class people who have regionless accents, as well as people who for some reason wish to conceal their regional origins. -
Enregisterment in Historical Contexts
0 Enregisterment in Historical Contexts: A Framework Paul Stephen Cooper A thesis submitted to the University of Sheffield for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of English Literature, Language and Linguistics February 2013 1 ABSTRACT In this thesis I discuss how the phenomena of indexicality and enregisterment (Silverstein 2003; Agha 2003) can be observed and studied in historical contexts via the use of historical textual data. I present a framework for the study of historical enregisterment which compares data from corpora of both nineteenth-century and modern Yorkshire dialect material, and the results of an online survey of current speakers so as to ascertain the validity of the corpus data and to use ‘the present to explain the past’ (Labov 1977:226). This framework allows for the identification of enregistered repertoires of Yorkshire dialect in both the twenty-first and nineteenth centuries. This is achieved by combining elicited metapragmatic judgements and examples of dialect features from the online survey with quantitative frequency analysis of linguistic features from Yorkshire dialect literature and literary dialect (Shorrocks 1996) and qualitative metapragmatic discourse (Johnstone et al 2006) from sources such as dialect dictionaries, dialect grammars, travel writing, and glossaries. I suggest that processes of enregisterment may operate along a continuum and that linguistic features may become ‘deregistered’ as representative of a particular variety; I also suggest that features may become ‘deregistered’ to the point of becoming ‘fossil forms’, which is more closely related to Labov’s (1972) definition of the ultimate fate of a linguistic stereotype. I address the following research questions: 1. -
“Cockney and the Queen”
“Cockney and the Queen” The importance and development of the accent known as Estuary English Maren Kristine Haugom MA Thesis UNIVERSITY OF OSLO Faculty of Humanities Department of Literature, Area Studies and European Languages Spring 2012 Abstract For this MA thesis I have chosen to investigate the accent known as Estuary English (EE). Even though it is having a massive impact on the development of the English language (especially in Britain) there are few extensive sources regarding this accent, and even though studies have been conducted they are few and hard to come across. Even linguists agree that there are few sources regarding EE, which makes it an interesting research topic. Due to the structure and (lack of) status of EE it is being discussed by linguists and commoners alike, and the media has acted as a linguistic “battlefield” of sorts where linguists and members of the general public have presented their arguments, suggested definitions, and frustrations regarding the new accent. The fact that the general opinions differ greatly and that definitions are changing continually makes it a very interesting base for research. It is a dynamic topic, a linguistic phenomenon which is happening in our time. As my thesis is being written over the course of only one semester I have chosen not to do field work or conduct a survey, although I will attempt to refer to studies conducted by other researchers where this is feasible. Because of the time limit I have chosen to focus mainly on theoretical aspects, such as the problems regarding a proper definition of EE and the discussion around which phonemic traits are part of the accent. -
Accents, Dialects and Languages of the Bristol Region
Accents, dialects and languages of the Bristol region A bibliography compiled by Richard Coates, with the collaboration of the late Jeffrey Spittal (in progress) First draft released 27 January 2010 State of 5 January 2015 Introductory note With the exception of standard national resources, this bibliography includes only separate studies, or more inclusive works with a distinct section, devoted to the West of England, defined as the ancient counties of Bristol, Gloucestershire, Somerset and Wiltshire. Note that works on place-names are not treated in this bibliography unless they are of special dialectological interest. For a bibliography of place-name studies, see Jeffrey Spittal and John Field, eds (1990) A reader’s guide to the place-names of the United Kingdom. Stamford: Paul Watkins, and annual bibliographies printed in the Journal of the English Place-Name Society and Nomina. Web-links mentioned were last tested in summer 2011. Thanks for information and clarification go to Madge Dresser, Brian Iles, Peter McClure, Frank Palmer, Harry Parkin, Tim Shortis, Jeanine Treffers-Daller, Peter Trudgill, and especially Katharina Oberhofer. Richard Coates University of the West of England, Bristol Academic and serious popular work General English material, and Western material not specific to a particular county Anderson, Peter M. (1987) A structural atlas of the English dialects. London: Croom Helm. Beal, Joan C. (2006) Language and region. London: Routledge (Intertext). ISBN-10: 0415366011, ISBN-13: 978-0415366014. 1 Britten, James, and Robert Holland (1886) A dictionary of English plant-names (3 vols). London: Trübner (for the English Dialect Society). Britton, Derek (1994) The etymology of modern dialect ’en, ‘him’. -
The Barrovian
THE BARROVIAN KING WILLIAM'S COLLEGE MAGAZINE Published three times yearly NUMBER 233 . DECEMBER FORTHCOMING FUNCTIONS BARROVIAN SOCIETY: Annual Dance at the Castle Mona Hotel, Douglas on December 27th. Annual Dinner in March. Details may be obtained from G. P. Alder, Esq., Struan, Quarter Bridge Road, Douglas. MANCHESTER SOCIETY: Annual Dinner at the Old Rectory Club, Deansgate, Manchester, on Friday, January 10th, 1958. Details from G. Aplin, Esq., c/o E.I.A.. 2 Old Bank Street, Manchester, 2. LONDON SOCIETY: Annual Dinner at Brown's Hotel, Dover Street, on Friday, 7th February, 1958 ; the eve of the England v. Ireland Rugby International at Twickenham. Details from C. J. W. Bell, Esq., 11 Netherton Road, St. Margaret's, Middlesex. The usual monthly gatherings still take place from 6.30 p.m. onwards on the last Thursday of every month at the Cecil Bar, Shell-Mex House, Strand. THE BARROVIAN 233 DECEMBER 1957 CONTENTS Appointment of New Principal Random Notes Masters School Officers The Hughes-Games Memorial Gateway Valete Salvete New Science Wing Library Notes Chapel Notes Founder's Day Honours List ... University Admissions Holiday Jobs " Acis and Galatea " First House Plays ... The Houses Literary and Debating Society Manx Society Gramophone Society The Knights Scientific Society Photographic Society Music Club ... ... ... ..^ Chess Club Shooting Golfing Society Fives ... Combined Cadet Force ist K.W.C. Scout Group ... Swimming ... , ... ... ... Cricket ... ... ... ... O.K.W. Section ". Obituaries Contemporaries ... ... ... The photographs in this issue of Mr. R. E. Simpson, Mr. E. P. Sayle and the Memorial Gateway are by S. R. Keig and Sons Ltd. Mr. Simpson and Mr. -
Newcastle Upon Tyne; Male; Editor ‘Newcastle Stuff’ Thompson, Sheila, B
BBC VOICES RECORDINGS http://sounds.bl.uk Title: Longbenton, Tyne & Wear Shelfmark: C1190/23/04 Recording date: 2005 Speakers: Hall, Marshall, b. 1960 Newcastle upon Tyne; male; Editor ‘Newcastle Stuff’ Thompson, Sheila, b. 1939 Newcastle upon Tyne; female Weaving, John Albert, b. 1938 Cramlington, Northumberland; male The interviewees are all related and share a strong interest in local dialect. Marshall and his mother, Sheila, and uncle, John, grew up in mining families. ELICITED LEXIS ○ see English Dialect Dictionary (1898-1905) * see Survey of English Dialects Basic Material (1962-1971) † see Dictionary of the Scots Language (online edition) ►see Romani Rokkeripen To-Divvus (1984) # see Dictionary of North East Dialect (2011) ∆ see New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English (2006) ◊ see Green’s Dictionary of Slang (2010) ♦ see Urban Dictionary (online) ⌂ no previous source (with this sense) identified pleased chuffed (“chuffed to heavens”) tired fagged; fagged out; tired; knackered, exhausted (of extreme tiredness); paggered# unwell bad fettle (“in a bad fettle”); not too clever; not over [aʊə] clever (“you divvent* look over [aʊə] clever to me”) hot het (of self/weather); hot cold cold ([kaːd] of self, [kaʊɫd] of weather, “I’m very cold [kaːd] today and it’s very cold [kaʊɫd] outside”) annoyed angry; aerated throw thraw (“thraw it over there”); hoy○ (“hoy it over here”) play truant skive (of school/work); wag off; knock it⌂1 1 OED (online edition) records ‘knock off’ in this sense but not ‘knock it’. http://sounds.bl.uk