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t h e R o u g h G u i d e japanese

p h r a s e b o o k

Compiled by LEXUS

www.roughguides.com

RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 1 1 15/02/2006 21:11:08 Credits Compiled by Lexus with T. Yahata Hyland and Kumi Liley Lexus Series Editor: Sally Davies Rough Guides Reference Director: Andrew Lockett Rough Guides Series Editor: Mark Ellingham

First edition published in 1998 by Rough Guides Ltd. Revised in 2001. This updated edition published in 2006 by Rough Guides Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL 345 Hudson St, 4th Floor, New York 10014, USA Email: [email protected]. Distributed by the Penguin Group. Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL Penguin Putnam, Inc., 375 Hudson Street, NY 10014, USA Penguin Group (Australia), 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia Penguin Books Canada Ltd, 10 Alcorn Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 1E4 Penguin Group (New Zealand), Cnr Rosedale and Airborne Roads, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Typeset in Bembo and Helvetica to an original design by Henry Iles. Printed in Italy by LegoPrint S.p.A No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher except for the quotation of brief passages in reviews.

ISBN 13: 978-1-84353-634-5 ISBN 10: 1-84353-634-X The publishers and authors have done their best to ensure the accuracy and currency of all information in The Rough Guide Japanese Phrasebook however, they can accept no responsibility for any loss or inconvenience sustained by any reader using the book. Online information about Rough Guides can be found at our website www.roughguides.com

RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 2 2 15/02/2006 21:11:08 contents

Introduction 5

Basic Phrases 8

Scenarios 13

English - Japanese 31

Japanese - English 178

Japanese - English: Signs and Notices 215

RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 3 3 15/02/2006 21:11:08 RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 4 4 15/02/2006 21:11:08 Introduction S C I S A B he Rough Guide Japanese dictionary phrasebook is a highly Tpractical introduction to the contemporary language. Laid out in clear A-Z style, it uses key-word referencing to lead you straight to the words and phrases you want – so if you need to book a room, just look up ‘room’. The Rough Guide gets straight to the point in every situation, in bars and shops, on trains and

buses, and in hotels and banks. ■ The main part of the Rough Guide is a double dictionary:

English-Japanese then Japanese-English. Before that, there’s a sec- n o i t c u d o r t n I tion called Basic Phrases and to get you involved in two-way communication, the Rough Guide includes, in this new edition, a set of Scenario dialogues illustrating questions and responses in key situations such as renting a car and asking directions. You can hear these and then download them free from www.roughguides. com/phrasebooks for use on your computer or MP3 player. Forming the heart of the guide, the English-Japanese section gives easy-to-use transliterations of the Japanese words wherever pronunciation might be a problem. Throughout this section, cross-references enable you to pinpoint key facts and phrases, while asterisked words indicate where further information can be found in a section at the end of the book called How the Language Works. This section sets out the fundamental rules of the language, with plenty of practical examples. You’ll also find here other essentials like numbers, dates, telling the time and basic phrases. The Japanese-English section is in two parts: a dictionary, arranged phonetically, of all the words and phrases you’re likely to hear (starting with a section of slang and colloquialisms); then a compilation, arranged by subject, of various signs, labels, instructions and other basic words you may come across in print or in public places. Near the back of the book too the Rough Guide offers an extensive Menu Reader. Consisting of food and drink sections (each starting with a list of essential terms), it’s indispensable whether you’re eating out, stopping for a quick drink, or brows- ing through a local food market.

!"#$%&'( tanoshi goryoko o! have a good trip!

RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 5 5 15/02/2006 21:11:08 RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 6 6 15/02/2006 21:11:09 RG New JAPANESE Basic Phrases.qxd 15/02/06 20:28 Page 7

Basic Phrases RG New JAPANESE Basic Phrases.qxd 15/02/06 20:28 Page 8 BASIC PHRASES yes goodbye (formal) hai sayonara NO xyz{|

no (informal) ie dewa mata PQR }~¡¢

OK (between friends) oke ja ne STUV £¤¥¦

see you later! ja, mata! §¨©ª«¬ hello kon·nichi wa WXYZ[

(on phone) please (requesting something) moshi-moshi onegai shimasu \]^_ ®¯°±²

good morning yes, please ohayo gozaimasu hai, onegai shimasu `abcdefgh ³´µ¶¸¹º»¼

good evening could you please ...? komban wa ... -te kuremasen ka? ijklm ½ —¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆ good night (when leaving) thank you osaki ni arigato nop ÇÈÉÊË

(when going to bed) thank you very much oyasuminasai honto ni arigato gozaimasu qrstuvw !"#$%&'() *+,-./

8 RG New JAPANESE Basic Phrases.qxd 15/02/06 20:28 Page 9 BASIC PHRASES no, thank you sorry?/pardon me? ie kek·ko desu nante imashita ka? 012345678 pqrstuvwx 9

don’t mention it do itashimashite :;<=>?@A I see/I understand naruhodo yz{|

I don’t understand how do you do? wakarimasen hajimemashite }~¡¢£¤ BCDEFG do you speak English? how are you? Eigo o hanasemasu ka? ogenki desu ka? ¥¦§¨©ª«¬ HIJKLMN I don’t speak Japanese I’m fine, thanks nihon·go wa hanasemasen okagesama de ®¯°±²³´µ¶ OPQRST could you speak more slowly? nice to meet you mot·to yuk·kuri hanashite hajimemashite kuremasen ka? UVWXYZ ¸¹º»¼½¾¿À ÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈ

could you repeat that? mo ichido it·te kuremasen excuse me (to get past) ka? shitsurei shimasu ÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑ [\]^_ ÒÓÔÕÖ excuse me! (to get attention) chot·to sumimasen! `abcdefghi

excuse me/sorry gomen·nasai jklmno

9 RG New JAPANESE Basic Phrases.qxd 15/02/06 20:28 Page 10 Scenarios

RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 11 16/02/2006 12:13:41 RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 12 16/02/2006 12:13:41 Scenarios  Japanese 16/02/2006 12:13:41 13 b b b u ka? u u ka? ka? ne, chūshin bu ga ī des ka? sukoshi hazure demo ī des u ite u kuremas sōdesu u u I’m sorry, they all I’m seem sorry, to be fully booked do you mind being a little way out of town? zan·nen desu ga, subete yoyaku zumi des u ka?

let me have a look; do you want to be in the centre?

yasume no hoteru o shōkai sh chū gurai no hoteru wa arimas ryokan ni tomaritai des namae to jyūsho o kaite kudasai minsyuku o sagashite u imas chizu no doko des dekireba amari tōku nai hō ga ī des 1. Accommodation is there an inexpensive hotel you can recommend? a can you give me the name of a good middle-range hotel? a I’d like to stay in a ryokan, a Japanese-style hotel a can you write the name and address down? a I’m looking for a room in a private house a where where is it on the map? a if possible a not too far out a RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 13 www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks 16/02/2006 12:13:41 b b b b

u u ka? ite kudasai 口座番号 kōza bangō account number 手数料 tesūryō commission 当座預金 tōza yokin current account 貯蓄預金 chochik(u) yokin savings account 支店コード shiten kōdo sort code kaikē ni it·te kudasai your passport, please u ka? pasupōto o misete kudasai hai, don·na kōza ga ī des download these scenarios as MP3s from: download these scenarios as MP3s from: you have to go to desk the cashier’s umē wa yes, what sort of account do you want? we’ll have to charge you for the phonecall ginkō kōza ryōgae shimasu kogit·te yokin shimasu anshō bangō pondo hikidashi masu u but sanmai, gosen en gosen sanmai, ite kudasai u OK, money

shōchi shimashita, demo denwa ryōkin o itadakimas current current account a

deposit nimai to hyaku en dama goko goko dama en hyaku to nimai u like bank account to change cheque to pin number pound to withdraw kore kore o Nip·pon Ginkō no watashi no kōza ni sōkin sh tōza yokin ga ī des yen ni ryōgae sh kōza ni tsuite Eigo no sets kono kādo de genkin ga hikidasemas ichiman en sats en ichiman I want to transfer this to my account at Nippon Bank a a can you change this into yen? a could I have three 10,000 yen notes, two 5,000 yen notes and five 100 yen coins? a 2. Banks sats kudasai do you have information in English about opening an account? a I’d can I use this card to draw some cash? a arimasu ka?

Scenarios  Japanese 14 RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 14 3. Booking a room Scenarios

shower shawā

telephone in the room heya no denwa 

payphone in the lobby kōshūdenwa Japanese

do you have any rooms? a heya wa arimasu ka?

a nanmē sama desu ka? for one/for two for how many people? a hitori desu/futari desu

a hai, aki beya ga arimasu yes, we have rooms free

a nanpaku desu ka? just for one night for how many nights? a hito ban dake desu

how much is it? a ikura desu ka?

furo tsuki de ichi man en, furo nashi de hassen en desu b ten thousand yen with bathroom and eight thousand yen without bathroom

does that include breakfast? a chōshoku tsuki desu ka?

can I see a room with bathroom? a furo tsuki no heya o misete kuremasu ka?

ok, I’ll take it a kore ni shimasu

when do I have to check out? a chek·ku auto wa nanji desu ka?

is there anywhere I can leave luggage? a nimotsu okiba wa arimasu ka?

download these scenarios as MP3s from: www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks 15

RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 15 16/02/2006 12:13:41 www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks 16/02/2006 12:13:41 is b b b u b it hai b u u des b and your passport sorekara sorekara pasupōto mo you drop them in that box ano hako ni irete kudasai u o-tomachik·k mantan manyuaru renta renta kā days futsuka desu

menkyo shō o misete kudasai hoshōkin wa ichi man en des two a download these scenarios as MP3s from: download these scenarios as MP3s from: ka?

u can I see your driving licence, please? u ga

can you leave a deposit of ten thousand yen? u ka? yes, but you have to pay the first ten thousand yen full tank manual automatic rented rented car

so u des ga, saisho no ichi man en wa jiko futan gak how long? sōkō kyori wa musēgen des kono ofisu ga shimat·te itara dokoni kī o kaeshimashō ka? renta renta kā o karitainodes nan nichi kan des hoken komi desu ka? a and if this office is closed, where do I leave the keys? a 4. Car hire I’d like to rent a car a a is insurance included? a for I’ll take the ... a…ni shimasu is that with unlimited mileage?

Scenarios  Japanese 16 RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 16 5. Communications Scenarios

ADSL modem ADSL modemu at at·to  dial-up modem daiyaru ap·pu modemu dot dot·to Japanese Internet intānet·to mobile (phone) kētai (denwa) password pasuwādo telephone socket adaptor denwa soket·to adaputā wireless hotspot waiyaresu hot·to supot·to

is there an Internet café around here? a kono chikaku ni intānet·to kafe wa arimasu ka? can I send email from here? a koko kara denshi mēru o okuremasu ka?

where’s the at sign on the keyboard? a kono kībōdo dewa dore ga at·to desu ka? can you switch this to a UK keyboard? a UK kībōdo ni henkan dekimasu ka? can you help me log on? a rogu in o tetsudat·te kuremasu ka?

I’m not getting a connection, can you help? a setsuzoku dekimasen, mite kuremasu ka?

where can I get a top-up card for my mobile? a doko de kētai denwa no top·pu ap·pu kādo o kaemasu ka?

can you put me through to...? a …ni tsunaide kudasai

zero zero five go one ichi six roku two ni seven nana three san eight hachi four yon nine kyū download these scenarios as MP3s from: www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks 17

RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 17 16/02/2006 12:13:42 www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks 16/02/2006 12:13:42 b b u b u? sono kado b u ka ? tōri street ushiro back wakare michi turn off around the corner which direction? sorry, never heard of sorry, it I’m a stranger here too dochira no hōgak gomen·nasai, gomen·nasai, shirimasen b u ka? watashi mo shiranaindes futatsume no shingō o hidari left at the second traffic lights download these scenarios as MP3s from: download these scenarios as MP3s from: mot·to saki further …o sugite past the ... sugu ato just after tonari, tsugi next ite imasu soshite saisho no migi no michi then it’s the then first it’s street on the right …no mae in front of… mas·sugu mae straight ahead migi(gawa) ni on the right

doko? where? asoko ni over there chikaku near hantai gawa opposite hidari ni on the left sumimasen, Shinjuku wa doko daka wakarimas sumimasen, Shinjuku wa dochira des sumimasen, Shinjuku o sagash hi, Shinjuku, do you know where it is? a hi, can you tell me where Shinjuku is? a 6. Directions hi, I’m looking for Shinjuku a

Scenarios  Japanese 18 RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 18 7. Emergencies Scenarios

accident consul fire brigade

jiko ryōjikan shōbōtai 

ambulance embassy police Japanese kyūkyūsha taishikan kēsatsu

help! a tasukete!

can you help me? a tasukete kudasai

please come with me! it’s really very urgent a is·sho ni kite kudasai! kinkyū jitai desu

I’ve lost (my keys) a (kagi) o nakushimashita

(my car) is not working a (kuruma) ga koshō shimashita

(my purse) has been stolen a (saifu) ga nusumaremashita

I’ve been mugged a gōtō ni aimashita

o namae wa? b what’s your name?

pasupōto o misete kudasai b I need to see your passport

I’m sorry, all my papers have been stolen a gomen·nasai, shorui ga zembu nusumaremashita

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RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 19 16/02/2006 12:13:42 www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks 16/02/2006 12:13:42 b

u b best ita b saikō b see you jyā ne the u OK, and you? Yōko hai, anata wa? b ee, shit·te imas we met place at Kenji’s meeting

yeah, we know each other īe, Yōko-san to aimas īe, Yōko-san

no, I’m a download these scenarios as MP3s from: download these scenarios as MP3s from:

Kenji-san no tokoro de ai mash u u ka? ita ka? u ka?

waruku arimasen not bad a

ne? ita u no tokoro de konya aimashō

fine

kon·nichiwa, kon·nichiwa, o genki des Luke-san bīru o nomini ikimasen ka? ee, genki des Mark-san o go zonji des kochira wa Han·nah-san des doko de o ai ni narimash yoi pātī desh e you guys coming for a beer? īne, ikimashō see you place at tonight Luke’s 8. Friends hi, how’re you doing? a yeah, cool, let’s go cool, let’s a a a a d’you know Mark? a and this is Hannah a where where do you know each other from? a a that was some party, that eh? was some party, ar

Scenarios  Japanese 20 RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 20 9. Health Scenarios

I’m not feeling very well a kibun ga suguremasen 

can you get a doctor? Japanese a isha o yonde kuremasu ka?

doko ga itai desu ka? b where does it hurt?

it hurts here a koko ga itai desu

a itami wa tsuzuite imasu ka? it’s not a constant pain is the pain constant? a zut·to itaku wa arimasen

can I make an appointment? a yoyaku wa toremasu ka?

can you give me something for ...? a …no kusuri o kuremasu ka?

yes, I have insurance a hai, hoken ni hait·te imasu

antibiotics kōsēbus·shitsu antiseptic ointment kanōdome nankō cystitis bōkōen dentist haisha diarrhoea geri doctor isha hospital byōin ill byōki medicine kusuri painkillers itami dome pharmacy yak·kyoku to prescribe shohō suru thrush kanjida shō

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RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 21 16/02/2006 12:13:42 www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks 16/02/2006 12:13:42 b u b ita b this isn’t valid u suru kore kore wa mukō des no u ka? , honyak ikutsu ka no kotoba tsūyaku u ka? yuk·kuri gomen·nasai, wakarimasen you can’t use this card to pay slowly a sorry a download these scenarios as MP3s from: download these scenarios as MP3s from: your credit card has been refused

kono kādo de harau koto wa dekimasen ka? u anata no kurejit·to kādo wa kyohi saremash that again? ka? say interpreter to translate a few words you

e? wakarimasen, Eigo o hanasemas mō ichido it·te kudasai Nihongo wa hotondo hanasemasen Nihongo wa amari hanasemasen wakarimasu ā, ima wakarimashita dewa, kore de ī des dare dare ka Eigo o hanaseru hito wa imas could what, I don’t understand; do you speak English? a 10. 10. Language difficulties a I understand very little Japanese a I speak Japanese very badly a a oh, now I understand a is that ok now? a do you understand? is there someone who speaks English? a

Scenarios  Japanese 22 RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 22 11. Meeting people Scenarios

hello a kon·nichiwa 

kon·nichiwa, watashi wa Kumiko desu b Japanese hello, my name’s Kumiko

Graham, from England, Thirsk a watashi wa Igirisu no Thirsk kara kita Graham desu

sore wa shirimasen, doko desu ka? b don’t know that, where is it?

not far from York, in the North; and you? a hokubu no York no chikaku desu, anata wa?

watashi wa Ōsaka kara kimashita, anata wa kochira dewa o hitori desu ka? b I’m from Ōsaka; here by yourself?

no, I’m with my wife and two kids a īe, tsuma to kodomo futari ga kochira ni imasu

what do you do? kompyūtā kankē desu b a o shigoto wa? I’m in computers

me too a watashi mo

here’s my wife now a kore ga watashi no tsuma desu

hajime mashite b nice to meet you

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RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 23 16/02/2006 12:13:42 www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks 16/02/2006 12:13:43 b until midday u yen desu b wa goji desu shōgo made b stamp kit·te u ga domestic international letters parcels poste restante syūjitsu five o’clock weekdays

ka? ka? u u certainly, that will cost certainly, 300 yen ka?

post office yūbinkyoku download these scenarios as MP3s from: download these scenarios as MP3s from: u

wakarimashita, san byak u wa arimasu ka? kokunai kaigai/kokusai shokan kozutsumi kyokudome yūbin post card ehagaki wa nanji ni shimarimas

国内海外/国際書簡小包局留め郵便 to send this to registered England post office open on Saturdays?

like airmail kōkūbin the Doyōbi ni yūbinkyoku wa aite imas yūbinkyoku kore kore o Igirisu ni kakitome de okuritai no des watashi e no yūbinbuts sorekara sorekara Igirisu e no kit·te o ni mai kudasai kōkūbin no sutek·kā wa arimas I’d is a what time does the post office close? 12. 12. Post offices a a do you have any mail for me? a and also two stamps for England, please a do you have some airmail stickers? a

Scenarios  Japanese 24 RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 24 13. Restaurants Scenarios

bill kanjō gaki menu menyū table tēburu  Japanese

can we have a non-smoking table? a kin’en seki o onegai shimasu?

there are two of us there are four of us a futari desu a yonin desu

what’s this? sakana no is·syu desu b a korewa nan desu ka? it’s a type of fish

kono tochi no mēbutsu desu b it’s a local speciality

naka ni dōzo, o mise shimashō b come inside and I’ll show you

we would like two of these, one of these, and one of those a kore o futatsu, kore o hitotsu, soshite are o hitotsu kudasai

a o nomimono wa? red wine white wine and to drink? a aka wain a shiro wain

a beer and two orange juices a bīru hitotsu to orenji jūsu futatsu

some more bread please a mot·to pan o kudasai

a ikaga deshita ka? excellent!, very nice! how was your meal? a saikō! totemo oishikat·ta desu!

a hoka ni wa? just the bill thanks anything else? a okanjō onegai shimasu

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RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 25 16/02/2006 12:13:43 www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks 16/02/2006 12:13:43 ka? b u ka? b u u u ga u ni sen en b can I help you? how about this? two thousand yen u looking for ... kore wa dō des to exchange cash desk closed open sale all thanks I’m s u

nani ka, o sagashi des kore kore de zembu des hai, …o kaitaino des

a a yes, that’ download these scenarios as MP3s from: download these scenarios as MP3s from: u, sukoshi taka sugi mas

ka?

small u

too o shiharai hēten kaiten bāgen sēru torikaeru chīsa sugi masu a it’s it’s u ka? rereba ite kai urereba k mas

お支払い閉店開店バーゲンセール取り替える go sen en ni sh ōki sugi masu miru dake desu wakarimashita, yamete okimas hoka ni nani ka? musuko no desu – kore gurai no takasa des kore kore wa ikura des rejit·to kurejit·to kādo de haraemas make it five thousand yen and I’ll take it a fine, I’ll take it a ī desu, u kaimas will there be anything else? a 14. 14. Shopping a OK, I think I’ll have to leave a it; little it’s too expensive for me a can I just have a look around? a it’s for my it’s son about – this he’s high a how much is this? a can I pay by credit card? a it’s too big it’s

Scenarios  Japanese 26 RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 26 15. Sightseeing Scenarios

art gallery bijutsukan guide gaido  bus tour basu tsuā museum hakubutsukan city centre chūshinbu open aite iru Japanese closed shimat·te iru

I’m interested in seeing the old town a kyūshigai ga mitai desu

are there guided tours? a gaido tsuki no tsuā wa arimasu ka?

mōshiwake arimasen, manseki desu b I’m sorry, it’s fully booked

how much would you charge to drive us around for four hours? a yo jikan no kankō doraibu wa ikura desu ka?

can we book tickets for the concert here? a koko de konsāto no kip·pu o yoyaku dekimasu ka?

a hai, o namae wa? a dono kurejit·to kādo? yes, in what name? which credit card?

where do we pick up the tickets? a kip·pu wa doko de moraemasu ka?

iriguchi de uketot·te kudasai b just pick them up at the entrance

is it open on Sundays? a Nichiyōbi wa aite imasu ka?

how much is it to get in? a nūjōryō wa ikura desu ka?

are there reductions for groups of 6? a roku nin no dantai ni waribiki wa arimasu ka?

that was really impressive! a totemo yokat·ta desu! download these scenarios as MP3s from: www.roughguides.com/phrasebooks 27

RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 27 16/02/2006 12:13:43 16/02/2006 12:13:43 b u ka? b u ryōkin desu b Kayōbi no u ka? u ka? u ka? raisyū norikaeru purat·tofōmu ōfuku katamichi eki eki kip·pu zaseki o yoyaku shimas for next Tuesday a Okayama de norikaete kudasai you have to change at Okayama

Shinkansen wa tokubets

ow there’s a supplement for there’s the Bullet Train u ka? do you want to make a seat reservation? tomorr

ashita no for a

to change trains platform return single station stop ticket

Kyoto e no saisyūdensha wa nanji des kono seki wa aite imas sumimasen, koko wa doko no eki des Okayama e wa koko de norikae des …wa ikura desu ka? katamichi hitori, futsūsha, … made ōfuku futari, futsūsha, ... made kyō no what time is the last train to Kyoto? a is this seat free? a excuse me, which station are we at? a is this where I change for Okayama? a how much is ...? a a single, second class to ... a two returns, second class to ... a for today 16. 16. Trains a

Scenarios  Japanese 28 RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 28 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 29

English ➜ Japanese RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 30 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 31 English ache itami A fg my back aches koshi ga itai

a, an* hitotsu (no) desu ➜

!"#$%& hijklm Japanese about: about 20 ni-ju kurai across: across the road michi '()*+ no mukogawa it’s about 5 o’clock goji goro nopqr ,-./ adapter adapta a film about Japan Nihon ni stuvw tsuite no eiga address jusho 012345678 xy above … no ue ni what’s your address? 9:;< gojusho wa? abroad gaikok de z{|}~ =>? address book jushorok absorbent cotton das·shimen ¡¢£ @AB admission charge ABCDEFGHIJKL Af accelerator akseru nyujoryo CDEF ¤¥¦ accept (present) uketorimasu adult otona GHIJKL §¨ (credit card etc) uketsukemasu advance: in advance mae- MNOPQR mot·te accident jiko ©ª«¬ ST aeroplane hikoki there’s been an accident jiko ®¯ ga arimashita after … no ato de UVWXYZ[\ °±²³ accommodation heya after you dozo osaki ni ]^ ´µ¶¸¹º account koza after lunch chushoku-go ni _` »¼½¾ accurate seikak (na) after all kek·kyoku abcde ¿À

31 kuko kokubin de kokubin-yo eya-kon osake mezamashi- ) hikoki de rimujin-basu rogawa no seki tsurogawa hikoki arukoru travel kuko ( eizu ) kokubin de kuki send futo ® ij to the airport, please klmnopqrs t uvwxyz {|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦§ ¨©ª«¬ IJK LM by air NOPQ ( RSTU VWXY Z[\] ^_`abcde fgh GH dokei made,shimasu onegai alcoholic drink airport airport bus aisle seat alarm clock alcohol air air-conditioning airmail: by airmail airmail envelope airplane AIDS no gogo ) … to gogo ni gogo afutasan- kyo shukan-mae · dokan desu ichijikan-mae is kyotei ato de afuta-shebu gogo opposed to ) … ni tatekakete ( dairinin mata mae toshi position ni roshon ;<=> an hour ago ?@AB CDEF 6 789 : a week ago $% &' ()*+,-. ( /012345 ÆÇÈÉÊË ÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓ ÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛ !"# ÁÂ afternoonin the ÃÄÅ this afternoon hantai (no) agree: I agree I agree: agreement age agent ago again against aftershave aftersun cream afterwards afternoon

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLAf 32 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 32 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG ➜ English Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLAm 33 takai u- ) odorok watashi wa watashi ) Amerika (no) gozen shichiji ni kyukyusha zembu de zembu adj watashi wa … desu wa watashi ( surprising ) subarashi ( Amerika gozen ichiji ni … no naka de itsumo very good ª«¬® `abcd efg call an ambulance! kyukyusha o yonde kudasai! hijklmnop qrs tuvw xyz{|}~ I’m American ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨© @ABCDE FGHI JKL MNOPQ RSTUV at 1am WXYZ[ \]^_ ( <=>? expensive it’s although beki keredomo Amerika-jin desu among ambulance America American altogether always am*: I am am: at 7am amazing desu na desu · i desu daijobu sore dake sore desu daijobu ko … wa min … wa zembu · … keredomo sore zembu sore kek omo arigato mo hotondo ) dokan desu ka? hitori … mo I agree ka? desu 567 89 :; %&'() right? you all are *+,-./0 1234 Ö×ØÙÚÛ ÜÝÞßàá ( !"#$ I’m all right that’s all, thanks that’s ½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅ ÆÇÈÉÊË … arerug i wa watashi ÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔ Õ ¯°±²³ all of it ´µ¶¸¹ all of them º»¼ desu,d already also although almost alone allowed: is it allowed? all right allergic: I’m allergic to ... all: all the ... all: all RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 33 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG … o sore shitsu ru o biru · ka? te imasen · tohin-ten · ka? ko-hisutamin- kot u onegai shimas kosei-bus pan/sakuranbo wa shodoku-zai ka? tohin desu · no heya wa arimas wa u no heya te imasu · hitotsu zai mo wa kot wxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥ WXYZ [\] ^_`abcde fg have you got any bread/ cherries? hijklmnop qrstuv any have I don’t sorry, sumimasen, mot ka? ()*+,-./0 12 please another beer, 3456789:; <=>?@A BCDE FGHIJKL MNOPQRST UV can we have another room? have another can we betsu mot arimasu antique shop antiseptic any: do you have any ...? antibiotics antihistamine antique: is it an antique? no uz ) ) ) betsu hitotsu wedding ( ta · o ) to iraira suru ) mo ) gak different ry ( u dobuts okot ashikubi kon-kinen-bi soshite kono hito wa watashi o watashi hito wa kono · one more with nouns at beginning of sentence of money ßàáâãä !" ( #$%&' ÌÍÎÏÐ ÁÂÃÄ ÅÆÇ ÈÉ ÊË ½¾¿ ( À ( ¯ ( ° no hy jusan-ampeya kek me komarasete imasu komarasete ÚÛÜÝÞ ¼ sorekara annoying another annoy: this man’s annoying annoy: this man’s ÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙ angry animal ankle anniversary ±²³´µ¶¸¹º» and* amount fuse amp: a 13-amp

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLAm 34 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 34 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 35 English anybody dare ka ÔÕ ¦§¨ apple rin·go does anybody speak Ö×Ø

English? dare ka Eigo ga appointment yoyaku ➜

hanasemasu ka? ÙÚ Japanese ©ª«¬®¯°± ²³´ dialogue there wasn’t anybody there soko niwa dare mo imasen good morning, how can I deshita help you? ohayo µ¶¸¹º»¼½¾ gozaimasu, ikaga ¿ÀÁÂÃ itashimasho? anything nani ka I’d like to make an ÄÅ appointment yoyaku o shitai no desu ga dialogue what time would you like? nanji ga yoroshi desu anything else? hoka ni ka? ABCDEFGHIJKL Ap nani ka? three o’clock sanji ga i nothing else, thanks hoka desu niwa nai desu, arigato I’m afraid that’s not would you like anything to possible, is four o’clock all drink? nani ka nomimasu right? moshiwake ka? arimasen ga sanji wa I don’t want anything, ip·pai desu, yoji dewa thanks nani mo hoshiku ikaga desu ka? arimasen, arigato yes, that will be fine hai, i desu apart from … igai dewa the name was? onamae o ÆÇÈÉÊ itadakemasu ka? apartment apat(o) ËÌÍÎ apricot anzu apartment block manshon ÛÜÝ ÏÐÑÒÓ April Shigatsu appetizer zensai Þß

35 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 36 English are* desu PQRSTUVW àá art bijutsu you are (sing) anata wa … XY

➜ desu art gallery bijutsu-kan

Japanese âãäåæçè Z[\ they are (men/women) karera/ artist geijutsu-ka kanojotachi wa … desu ]^_ éêëìíîïðñ as: as big as ... … to onaji òó okisa no area chiki `abcdefg ôõ as soon as possible dekiru area code shigai-kyokuban dake hayaku ö÷øù hijklmn arm ude ashtray haizara úû op arrange tehai shimasu Asia Ajia !"#$% qrs ABCDEFGHIJKL Ar will you arrange it for us? sore Asian (adj) Ajia (no) o tehai shite kuremasu ka? tuvwxy &'()*+,-. (noun) Ajia-jin /012 z{|} arrival tochaku ask tanomimasu 34 ~¡¢£ arrive tsukimasu I didn’t ask for this kore wa 5678 tanonde imasen when do we arrive? itsu ¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬ tsukimasu ka? 9:;<=>?@ could you ask him to ...? kare has my fax arrived yet? ni … yo tanonde watashi no fak·kus wa kuremasen ka? todokimashita ka? ®¯°±²³´µ¶ ABCDEFGHI ¸¹º»¼½ JKLMNO asleep: she’s asleep kanojo we arrived today kyo wa nemut·te imasu tsukimashita ¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆ

36 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 37 English aspirin asupirin 23456789: ÇÈÉÊË ;<= asthma zensoku automatic (adj) jido (no)

ÌÍÎÏ >?@AB ➜

astonishing odoroku hodo (noun: car) otomachik·ku Japanese (no) CDEFGHIJ ÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ autumn aki at: at the hotel hoteru de K ×ØÙÚ in the autumn aki ni at the station eki de LM ÛÜ avalanche nadare at six o’clock rokuji ni NOP ÝÞ ß avenue odori at Yukiko’sYukiko-san no QRS tokoro de average (not good) heikin-teki àáâãäåæçè (na) é TUVWXY ATM genkin-jido-shiharaiki on average heikin shite ABCDEFGHIJKL Ba êëìíîïð Z[\] attractive miryoku-teki (na) awake: is he awake? kare wa ñòóôõö okite imasu ka? August Hachigatsu ^_`abcde ÷ø fg aunt (one’s own) oba away: go away! at·chi e it·te! ùú hijklmno (someone else’s) oba-san is it far away? toi desu ka? ûüýþ pqrstu Australia Osutoraria awful hidoi !"#$%&' vwx Australian (adj) Osutoraria (no) ()*+,- B ./01 I’m Australian watashi wa baby akachan Osutoraria-jin desu yz{|

37 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 38 English baby food bebi-fudo badminton badominton }~¡¢£¤ éêëìíî baby’s bottle honyubin bag kaban

➜ ¥¦§¨ ïðñ

Japanese baby-sitter bebi-shit·ta (paper bag) fukuro ©ª«¬®¯ ! back (of body) senaka (carrier bag) biniru-bukuro °± "#$%& (back part) ura (handbag) handobag·gu ² '()*+, at the back ushiro ni baggage nimotsu ³´µ -. can I have my money back? baggage checkroom okane o kaeshite tenimotsu-azukari-jo kuremasen ka? /01234 ¶¸¹º»¼½¾¿ baggage claim ÀÁÂÃ tenimotsu-uketori-jo ABCDEFGHIJKL Ba to come back modot·te 56789: kimasu baker’s pan-ya ÄÅÆÇÈÉ ;<= to go back modot·te balcony beranda ikimasu >?@A ÊËÌÍÎÏÐ a room with a balcony backache koshi no itami beranda-tsuki no heya ÑÒÓÔ BCDEFGHIJ bacon bekon ball boru ÕÖ×Ø KLM bad warui ballpoint pen boru-pen ÙÚ NOPQR a bad headache hidoi zutsu bamboo take ÛÜÝÞß S not bad mama desu bamboo shoots takenoko àáâãäå TUVW badly hidoku banana banana æçè XYZ

38 ➜ English Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLBe 39 ) ) hamabe de daizu uso teri ) kirei (na) ) kirei · basu-taoru tofu object, painting ( yok for radio etc ) utsukushi ( hamabe ) bat mame hige wan desu building person, view for car denchi ( >?@ on the beach +,- ./ 0 soya beans 12 34 56789 ( :;<= ÆÇÈÉÊËÌ ÍÎÏÐÑ ÒÓ ÔÕ ( !"#$% & '( )* with a private bathroom with a heya uki no basu-ts subarashi bean curd beans beard beautiful bath towel bathtub battery bay be* beach ofuro ni ofuro to-boru ka? · to · kawase-tegata ginko-koza desu ) bando ) ginko basuket bando-eido ofuro-ba hotai u yaky toko-ya ) basuket kago musical money ( te mo i ( ofuro · ba in shop hait can I have a bath? ²³´µ¶¸¹º» ¼½¾¿ÀÁ ÂÃÄÅ ~¡ ( ¢£¤¥¦ §¨©ª«¬® ¯°± a bar of chocolate eto-ba chokor rstuvwxy z{ |} fg hijk lmno pq [\] ^_ `abcde bathroom basketball bath barber’s baseball basket bank bank account draft banker’s bar band bandage Bandaid® RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 39 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 40 English because nazenara beginning: at the beginning ABCD hajime ni because of ... … no tame ni ¨©ª

➜ EFGHI behind … no ushiro ni

Japanese bed (Western-style) bed·do «¬®¯ JKL behind me watashi no (Japanese-style) nedoko ushiro ni MN °±²³´ I’m going to bed now below … no shita ni sorosoro nemasu µ¶¸¹ OPQRSTU belt beruto bed and breakfast º»¼ choshoku-tsuki yado bend (in road) kabu VWXYZ ½¾¿ bedding (Japanese) futon berth (on ship) shindai [\] ÀÁ bedroom shinshitsu beside … no soba ni ABCDEFGHIJKL Be ^_ ÂÃÄÅÆ beef gyuniku best saiko (no) `a !"#$% beer biru better mot·to i bcd &'()* two beers, please biru are you feeling better? futatsu, onegai shimasu kibun wa yoku narimashita efghijklm ka? nopq +,-./0123 before … mae ni 456 rst between … no aida ni begin hajimarimasu 789: uvwxy beyond … no muko ni when does it begin? itsu ;<=>?@ hajimarimasu ka? bicycle jitensha z{|}~¡¢£¤ ABC beginner shoshinsha big oki ¥¦§ DEF

40 ➜ English Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLBl 41 ta · to takai · na ) fusagat chot ta · ) nigai o-dorai eki ) mushi-sasare · atsu bur ) kimpatsu (no) road, pipe · ( mofu u buraus adj ) inu no kamikizu ) inu buraindo taste etc ketsu ( kuroi ( me no fujiyu by insect ) tsumat ( sink by dog desu /01234 I’d like a cut and blow-dry ÔÕÖ×Ø ÙÚÛÜÝ ( Þßàá !"#$% &' high blood pressure koketsu ()* +,-. ±²³´µ¶¸¹ º»¼½ ( ¾¿ÀÁÂ ÃÄÅ ÆÇ ÈÉ ÊËÌÍÎÏÐ ÑÒÓ a bit expensive hito (no) blocked blond blood blouse blow-dry bite bitter black blanket blind blinds ) okanjo otanjobi to · bubun sukoshi ) shihei gozaimasu! … o sukoshi oki o onegai shimasu tanjobi okisugimasu bisuket bikini tori gomibako seikyusho in restaurant, bar etc US: banknote omedeto ¤¥¦ a big bit §¨©ª« a bit of ... ¬®¯° lmn happy birthday! opqrstuvw xyz{| }~¡¢£ okanjo ^_`abcde fg hij k STU VWX ( YZ[ ( \] could I have the bill, please? too big GHIJKL big enough not it’s chisasugimasu MNOPQR bit: a little bit biscuit bin bird birthday bill bikini RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 41 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 42

English kat·to to buro-dorai o yoyaku shitai no desu ga onegai shimasu what time would you like it 56789:;<= booked for? nanji ni

➜ >?@ABCDE otorishimasho ka?

Japanese blue aoi half past seven shichiji- FG han ni onegai shimasu boarding pass tojoken that’s fine o-uke- HIJ itashimasu boat boto and your name? KLM dochirasama desu ka? (for passengers) fune N bookshop, bookstore hon-ya body karada qr OPQ boot (footwear) butsu boiled egg yude-tamago stu RSTUV (of car) toranku boiled rice gohan vwxy ABCDEFGHIJKL Bl WXY border (of country) kok·kyo bone hone z{ Z[ bored: I’m bored taikutsu bonnet (of car) bon·net·to desu \]^_` |}~¡ book (noun) hon boring taikutsu (na) a ¢£¤ (verb) yoyaku shimasu born: I was born in ... (place) bcdef … de umaremashita can I book a seat? seki o ¥¦§¨©ª«¬ yoyaku dekimasu ka? (year) … ni umaremashita ghijklmn ®¯°±²³ op borrow karimasu ´µ¶¸ dialogue may I borrow ...? … o okarishite mo i desu ka? I’d like to book a table for ¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁ two teburu o futari-yo ni ÂÃÄÅÆ

42 ➜ English Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLBr 43 ta yo · shimasu to … o kuruma ga zenryko u · kuro-pan shiro-pan o kosh eki ) bur u ) kowashimas boi-frendo buresuret e burand noun verb pan ( ( braja kowashite shimai- kowashite mashita ±²³´µ down I’ve broken mnopqr stuv the ... I’ve broken wxyz{|}~ ¡¢£ my wrist I think I’ve broken domo tekubi o ot desu ¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬ ®¯° JKLMNOP QRSTU VWXYZ[ \]^_ `abcd ef white bread ghi bread brown jkl wholemeal bread GHI no pan break break down break bra bracelet brake brandy bread boyfriend pon · … no nuki · sake ip sake ) oshiri p-uriba sen · ) chawan ) … no fumoto ) … no tsukiatari kip of person ) kibako ) owan ( oho o okakeshite bin porcelain ( ry hako otoko no ko otoko wooden wooden hill, mountain road, street soko ni soko ni ? ( @A BCDEF 3456789: ;< ( => '( at the bottom of the ... )*+, ( -./012 ( ×Ø a bottle of sake !"# $%& ÇÈ otesu sumimasen ÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑ ÒÓÔÕÖ ni box office boy bowl box bottle bottle-opener bottom both you sorry to bother bother: RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 43 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG to ) girino ) ototo · ) giri no ani ) ani giri no kyodai ) giri no ) girino ) oni-san ) ototo-san ochi panfret kyodai bur kowareta ) hone ga oreta cha-iro (no) cha-iro daboku-sho elder: own one’s someone else’s younger: own one’s someone else’s leg etc elder: own one’s someone else’s younger: own one’s someone else’s ¡¢£ cdefg ( hijk ( lmnopqr ( stuv ( wxyz{| }~ LMN ( OPQRS TUVW XY ( Z ( [\]^ ( _ ( `ab FGHIJK ototo oni-san ototo-san bruise brother-in-law brown broken brooch brother brochure ka-sha · atode (no) rek ) hashi ) akarui ifu-kesu o kosh te kimasu · u ) Eikok choshoku bur ita ni hairaremash ni kimasu subarashi adj over river light etc u Eikok chibusa ( ( ) azayaka (na) ) azayaka ( mot mijikai colour kaeshi 789:;<=> ?@ ABCDE ( %&'()*+ ,-./0 12345> I’ll bring it back later × ØÙ ÚÛÜÝÞßà !"#$ ÇÈ o dorob ÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑ ÒÓÔ ÕÖ enko shimash ita enko ¶¸¹º»¼½¾¿ ÀÁ ÂÃÄÅÆ Britain British brilliant bring bridge brief briefcase bright breakfast I’ve had a break-in break-in: breast breakdown service breakdown

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLBr 44 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 44 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 45 English brush (for hair) burashi bus basu ¤¥¦ <= (artist’s) efude what number bus is it to ...?

§¨ …-iki no basu wa namban ➜

(for cleaning) hoki desu ka? Japanese ©ª« >?@ABCDE Buddha hotoke-sama FGHIJK ¬ when is the next bus to ...? Buddhism Buk·kyo tsugi no …-iki no basu wa ®¯ nanji desu ka? Buddhist (adj) Buk·kyo (no) LMNOPQRST °±²³´ UVWXYZ[ (noun) Buk·kyoto what time is the last bus? µ¶¸ saishu basu wa nanji desu buffet car shokudosha ka? ¹º» \]^_`abcd buggy (for child) uba-guruma ef ¼½¾ ABCDEFGHIJKL Bu building biru dialogue ¿À bullet train shinkansen does this bus go to ...? ÁÂÃ kono basu wa …-iki bunk shindai desu ka? ÄÅ no, you need a number ... bureau de change ryogae-jo ie, … ban no basu desu !"# burglary oshikomi-goto business shigoto $%&'() gh burn (noun) yakedo (company) kaisha *+, ij (verb) yakedo shimasu business card meishi -./012 kl burnt: this is burnt (food) kore business hotel wa kogete imasu bijinesu-hoteru 3456789:; mnopqrs

45 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 46 English businessman bijinesu-man written by ... … ga kaita tuvwxy àáâãä business trip shut·cho by the window mado no soba

➜ z{ åæçè

Japanese businesswoman kyaria-uman by the sea umi no soba |}~¡¢£¤¥ éêëì bus station basu-taminaru by Thursday Moku·yobi ¦§¨©ª«¬ made ni bus stop basu-tei íîïðñò ®¯ bye dewa mata bust basuto !"#$ °±² (between friends) ja ne busy (restaurant etc) konde iru %&'( ³´µ¶¸ I’m busy tomorrow ashita wa C isogashi desu ¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁ ABCDEFGHIJKL Bu but demo cabin (on ship) senshitsu ÂÃ )* butcher’s niku-ya (in mountains) yamagoya ÄÅ +,- butter bata cable car keburu-ka ÆÇÈ ./0123 button botan café kis·saten ÉÊË 456 buy kaimasu cake keki ÌÍÎÏ 789 where can I buy ...? doko de cake shop keki-ya … ga kaemasu ka? :;<= ÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ× calendar karenda ØÙÚ >?@AB by: by car kuruma de lunar calendar kyureki ÛÜ CD by bus basu de call (verb: to phone) denwa ÝÞß shimasu

46 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 47 English EFGHI calligraphy shodo what’s it called? kore wa ËÌ nan to imasu ka? camcorder bideo-kamera

JKLMNOP ÍÎÏÐÑÒ ➜

QRSTU camera kamera Japanese he/she is called ... ÓÔÕ kare/kanojo wa … to camera shop kamera-ya imasu Ö×ØÙ VWXYZ[\] campsite kyamp-jo ^_` ÚÛÜÝÞ please call the doctor isha o can kanzume yonde kudasai ßàá abcdef a can of beer kan-biru ghij âãäå please give me a call at can*: can you ...? …-koto ga 7.30am tomorrow ashita no dekimasu ka? asa shichi-ji han ni denwa æçèéêëìíî o kudasai ïð ABCDEFGHIJKL Ca klmnopqrs can I have ...? … o morat·te tuvwxyz mo i desu ka? please ask him to call me ñòóôõö÷øù kare ni denwa o kureru yo úûüý tsutaete kudasai I can’t ... …-koto ga {|}~¡¢£¤¥ dekimasen ¦§¨©ª«¬ !"#$%&'() call back: I’ll call back later * ato de mata ukagaimasu Canada Kanada ®¯°±²³´µ +,- ¶¸ Canadian (adj) Kanada (no) (phone back) ato de mata ./0123 denwa shimasu I’m Canadian watashi wa ¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁ Kanada-jin desu call round: I’ll call round 456789:; tomorrow ashita ukagaimasu canal un·ga ÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊ <=

47 usha ) kyak koi-nobori ) animeshon ku biniru-bukuro do · kaikei · ) genkin a rentak o keitai-y of train film o chushaj ( ( pak jutan ninjin noun mochimasu ( ) genkin ni kaemasu verb ./ ÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊË ÌÍÎ ÏÐÑÒÓÔÕ Ö× ( ØÙÚÛÜÝÞ will you cash this for me? genkin ni kaete kuremasen ka? !"#$%&'() *+,- ¤¥¦§¨ ©ª«¬ ®¯°±² ³´ µ¶¸¹º »¼½¾ ¿ÀÁÂ ¡¢£ bebi-bed cash dispenser carton cartoon cash cash desk carpet carp streamer car rental carriage carrier bag carrot carry carry-cot car park gajo · nen ) kado kankiri ki o tsukete! kado-denwa kanuingu i kyand ) futa kuruma de ) boshi chuibukai rosoku torikeshimasu kanu birthday etc koi hat ( ( kuruma of bottle stuv be careful! wxyz{| }~ New Year’s card New Year’s efg my (business) card here’s no meishi desu watashi hijklm nopqr ( ]^ _ by car `a bcd NOP QRSTUV WXY Z[\ >?@ABC DEFGHI JKLM careful carp cardphone car card canoe canoeing can-opener cap cancel candies candle

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLCa 48 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 48 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG ➜ English Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLCh 49 o ) ) chakai wrong that’s ( etorusenchi-m shomeisho shikiten ka? tashika ni hankagai niwa d hankagai niwa verb: replace ( chushin (no) ) dame desu! chushin konfureku isu tai chigaimasu! · refusal ikimasu ßàáâãä ÅÆÇ tea ceremony ÈÉ ÊËÌÍ certainly not! ÎÏÐÑÒÓÔ ( ÕÖ×ØÙ ÚÛÜ ÝÞ ~¡¢£¤¥¦ §¨©ª« ¬ to the city how do we get centre? ®¯°±²³´µ¶ ¸¹º» ¼½¾¿ÀÁÂ ÃÄ opening ceremony kaikaishiki |} torikaemasu zet certainly certificate chair change central centre cereal ceremony centimetre (no) ka? wa ku u · to shi · · ) Katorik karifa uraw oto ses bochi adj kaset ( tenjo …-iki no basu oda to-rek shiro tsukamaemasu · hora-ana neko shi-di stuvw xy z{ cdefghij klmnop qr KLMNO do we catch the bus where to ...? PQRSTUVWX YZ[\]^_` ab ;<=>?@ABC D kyukyuby EFGH IJ o-shiharaiki genkin-jid 0123456 789: kaset doko kara dete imas doko ceiling cemetery centigrade Catholic cauliflower cave CD catch castle casualty department cat cassette cassette recorder RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 49 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 50 English (trains etc) norikaemasu changed: to get changed åæçèéê kigaemasu (money) kuzushimasu WXYZ[

➜ ëìíîï character (written) kanji

Japanese (noun: money) kozeni \] !" charge (noun) ryokin can I change this for ..., ^_ please? kore o … to (verb) seikyu shimasu torikaete kudasai `abcd #$%&'()*+ charge card kurejit·to-kado ,-./0 efghijkl where do I change trains? cheap yasui doko de norikaereba i desu mn ka? do you have anything 123456789 cheaper? mo sukoshi yasui :;<=>? no wa arimasu ka? I don’t have any change opqrstu ABCDEFGHIJKL Ch kozeni ga arimasen vwxyz{| @ABCDEFG check (US: noun) kogit·te can you give me change for a }~¡ 1,000-yen note? (bill) seikyusho sen-en-satsu o kuzushite ¢£¤ kuremasen ka? (in restaurant, bar etc) okanjo HIJKLMNO ¥¦§ PQRSTUV could I have the check, please? okanjo o onegai dialogue shimasu ¨©ª«¬®¯° do we have to change check (verb) shirabemasu (trains)? norikae-nakute ±²³´ wa narimasen ka? could you check the ...? … o yes, change at Tokyo/no, shirabete kuremasen ka? it’s a direct train hai, µ¶¸¹º»¼ Tokyo-eki de norikae ½¾¿ÀÁ desu/ie, chokutsu desu check-in chek·ku-in 50 ➜ English Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLCh 51 (no) gam · pu · ) furench-frai o kodomo-y chuin ) toriniku komori mizuboso ) Chugoku eto chokor kodomo-tachi adj meat ( ( French fries French Chugoku setomono ( kodomo ago ) poteto-chip US puru miruketo u-chokor mnopqrstu MN OPQR ST UVWXY Z[\]^_` ( abcdef ghijkl milk chocolate 45 6789: ;< children =>?@ AB CDEFGH o okosama-y IJKL ,-./0123 chin china China Chinese chips chocolate chicken chicken chickenpox child child minder pool children’s portion children’s chewing gum chewing -in u sakura k u ku-in shimas · u kyok te · · ) chesu · ) ho ) kampai! sakura no ki yak kuri ) shogi chek bai-bai! toast te wa narimasente wa ka? kogit ( chizu on face Western sakuranbo ( ( mune Japanese ( '( ) *+ øùúûü ý !"# $%& íîï ðñò óô õö÷ shinaku ÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙ ÚÛÜÝÞßàáâ ãäå æç èéêëì ÂÃÄÅÆÇ ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐ in? to check do we have where de chek doko chest chestnut cherry blossom cherry tree chess cheese chemist’s cheque cherry cheek cheerio! cheers! check in check RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 51 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG for contact ( hankagai tozan ) kirei (na) ) kirei ) akiraka (na) adj kashikoi irainin o uto-renzu-y ) kontak ( tomei (na) u ni shimas ) kirei gake toshi obvious verb kurina vw oshon kurenjing-r XYZ[\]^_ `ab cdefg ( hijklm nopq rst u () *+, -./012 ( 3456789 these for me? can you clean ni shite o kirei kore ka? kuremasen :;<=>?@AB CDEFGHI JKLMNOPQR STUVW "#$%&' lenses climbing cleansing lotion clear clever client cliff city centre clean cleaning solution city kokoa raita hashioki hashi Kurismasu goshu tabako ) barukoni-seki · erabimasu eiga eto ku-chokor kyokai · en rin hamaki in theatre ÏÐÑÒ ÓÔ ! ( ÆÇÈÉ ÊË ÌÍÎ merry Christmas! Meri-Kurismasu! ´µ¶¸¹º»¼ Kurismasu-Ibu ½¾¿ÀÁÂÃ ÄÅ ¥¦§¨ ©ª«¬ ® ¯°±²³ plain chocolate burak vwxyz{|}~ ¡ a hot chocolate ¢£¤ cinema circle cider cigar cigarette lighter cigarette Christmas Eve church choose chopstick rest chopsticks Christmas

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLCh 52 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 52 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 53 English clinic shinryojo º» xyz cloudy kumori (no) cloakroom kuroku ¼½¾¿ÀÁ

{|}~ clutch (in car) kurat·chi ➜

clock tokei ÂÃÄÅ Japanese ¡¢ coach (bus) chokyori-basu close (verb) shimarimasu ÆÇÈÉÊ £¤¥¦§ (on train) kyaksha ËÌ dialogue coach station basu-taminaru ÍÎÏÐÑÒÓ what time do you close? coach trip basu-ryoko nanji ni shimarimasu ka? ÔÕÖ× we close at 8pm on coast kaigan weekdays, and 6pm on !" Saturdays heijitsu wa on the coast engan ni hachiji, Doyobi wa rokji #$% ni shimarimasu coat (long coat) koto ABCDEFGHIJKL Co do you close for lunch? &'( hiruyasumi wa arimasu (jacket) jaket·to ka? )*+,- yes, between 12 and 1pm coathanger han·ga hai, juniji kara ichiji desu ./01 code (for phoning) closed (door) shimat·ta shigai-kyokban ¨©ª« 2345 (shop) heiten (no) what’s the (dialling) code for ¬®¯° Osaka? Osaka no shigai- cloth (fabric) nunoji kyokban wa namban desu ±² ka? (for cleaning etc) zokin 6789:;<= ³´µ¶ >?@ABC clothes (Western) yofuku coffee kohi ¸¹ DEFG (Japanese) kimono two coffees, please kohi

53 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 54

English futatsu, onegai shimasu ²³´µ¶¸¹ HIJKLMNO comb kushi PQRSTU º»

➜ coin koka come kimasu

Japanese VW ¼½¾ Coke® kola XYZ dialogue cold tsumetai [\] where do you come from? (weather, person) samui doko kara ^_ iras·shaimashita ka? I’m cold samui desu I come from Edinburgh `abc Ejinbara kara kimashita I have a cold kaze o hikimashita come back modot·te kimasu defghijk ¿ÀÁÂÃÄ collar eri I’ll come back tomorrow ABCDEFGHIJKL Co lm mata ashita kimasu collect atsumemasu ÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌ nopq come in hairimasu I’ve come to collect ... … o ÍÎÏÐ tori ni kimashita comfortable yut·tari shita rstuvwxyz ÑÒÓÔÕÖ collect call korekuto-koru comic book man·ga {|}~¡¢£ ×Ø college daigaku compact disc ¤¥ kompakuto-disuku colour iro ÙÚÛÜÝÞßàá ¦ company (business) kaisha do you have this in other âã colours? hoka no iro wa compare kurabemasu arimasu ka? äåæç §¨©ª«¬®¯ compartment (on train) °± koshitsu colour film kara-firumu !"

54 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 55 English compass kompasu consulate ryojikan #$%& efg complain kujo o imasu contact (verb) renraku

'()*+,- shimasu ➜

complaint kujo hijkl Japanese ./ contact lenses I have a complaint kujo ga kontakuto-renzu arimasu mnopqrst 0123456 contract keiyaku completely kanzen ni uv 789 convenient (time) tsugo no i computer kompyuta wxyz{ :;<=>?@ (location, object) benri (na) concert konsato |}~¡¢ ABCDE that’s not convenient sore wa conditioner (for hair) rinsu tsugo ga yoku arimasen FGH £¤¥¦§¨©ª« condom kondomu ¬®¯ ABCDEFGHIJKL Co IJKLM cook (verb) ryori shimasu conference kaigi °±²³´ NO not cooked han·nama (na) conference room kaigijo µ¶¸¹º» PQR cooker renji confirm kakunin shimasu ¼½¾ STUVW cookie bisuket·to congratulations! omedeto! ¿ÀÁÂÃ XYZ[\] cool suzushi connecting flight ÄÅÆ setsuzokubin cork koruku ^_` ÇÈÉ connection (in travelling) corkscrew koruku-nuki setsuzoku ÊËÌÍÎ ab corner: on the corner constipation bempi machikado ni cd ÏÐÑ

55 ka · geihin-ten · mochiron ) kurak ) kuni … koto wa … koto inaka mochiron ) inaka ) shototsu-jiko min nation biscuit ( ( gaido kosu itoko noun ( kani countryside I’ve had a crash ni aimashita shototsu-jiko of course z{|} of course not ~¡¢£¤¥¦§ ¨©ª «¬ ®¯°± ²³´µ ¶¸¹º ]^_`abcde fgh i ( jkl mno … futatsu pqrs tuv wxy TUVWXYZ[\ ... I couldn’t dekimasen deshita dekimasen chigaimasu cousin crab cracker craft shop crash country countryside couple: a couple of ... courier course …-te … o sekidome shimen · do sumi ni · das ka? ga kakarimasu ) tadashi ) seki reku konfu hin o kesh shindai ) hiyo roka right ( noun momen ( noun ) hiyo ( bebi-bed verb kuremasen ka? kuremasen JKLMNOPQ RS could I have ...? ?@A BC DE FGHI how much does it cost? ikura desu 0123456 789:;< => !" #$% &' ( ()*+,-./ in the cornerin the ÒÓ ÔÕÖ×ØÙÚ ÛÜÝ kuremasen ka? kuremasen could: could you ...? couchette cough cough medicine cot cotton cotton wool corridor cosmetics cost cornflakes correct

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLCo 56 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 56 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 57

»¼½¾¿ÀÁ #$%&'( English ÂÃÄ crockery tojiki crazy muchu (na) )*+

ÅÆÇÈÉ crossing (by sea) odan ➜

cream kurimu ,- Japanese ÊËÌÍ crossroads jujiro creche takuji-sho ./0 ÎÏÐ crowd hitogomi credit card kurejit·to-kado 1234 ÑÒÓÔÕÖ×Ø crowded konda do you take credit cards? 567 kurejit·to-kado wa crown (dental) kuraun tsukaemasu ka? 89:; ÙÚÛÜÝÞßàá cruise kokai âãäå!" <= crutches matsubazue dialogue >?@ cry (verb) nakimasu ABCDEFGHIJKL Cu can I pay by credit card? ABCD kurejit·to-kado de cucumber kyuri haraemasu ka? EFGH which card do you want to cup kap·pu use? doko no kado desu IJK ka? a cup of ..., please … o Mastercard/Visa hitotsu kudasai masuta/biza desu LMNOPQRST yes, sir hai, oshiharai cupboard oshire itadakemasu UVWX what’s the number? (with shelves) todana ban·go o itadakemasu ka? YZ and the expiry date? curly kari-hea (no) yukokigen wa itsu desu [\]^_` ka? abc curtains katen crisps poteto-chip·pu defg 57 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 58 English cushion kus·shon kowashite shimaimashita hijkl ÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ floor cushion zabuton ÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×

➜ mnop !

Japanese custom shukan damn! chikusho! qr "#$%&' customer kyaku damp shimet·ta s ()*+ Customs zeikan dance (noun) dansu tu ,-. cut (noun) kirikizu (verb) odorimasu vwx /0123 (verb) kirimasu would you like to dance? yz{| odorimasen ka? I’ve cut myself kit·te 456789:; shimaimashita dangerous abunai }~¡¢£¤¥¦§ <=> ABCDEFGHIJKL Cu cutlery naifu-foku-rui Danish (adj) Dem·maku (no) ¨©ª«¬®¯° ?@ABCDEF cycling saikuringu dark (adj: colour) koi ±²³´µ¶ GH cyclist saikurisuto (hair) kuroi ¸¹º»¼½ IJ it’s getting dark kuraku D nat·te kimashita KLMNOPQRS date*: what’s the date today? daily mainichi (no) ¾¿ kyo wa nan·nichi desu ka? TUVWXYZ[ damage (verb) kowashimasu \] ÀÁÂÃ let’s make a date for next damaged kowareta ÄÅÆ Monday raishu no Getsuyobi ni shimasho I’m sorry, I’ve damaged this ^_`abcd sumimasen, kore o efghi

58 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 59 English daughter (one’s own) musume have a nice day! gokigen·yo! j ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆ (someone else’s) ojo-san day trip higaeri-ryoko

klmn ÇÈÉÊË ➜

daughter-in-law (one’s own) giri dead shinda Japanese no musume ÌÍÎ opqr deaf mimi ga kikoenai (someone else’s) giri no ÏÐÑÒÓÔÕ musume-san deal (business) torihiki stuvwx Ö×ØÙ dawn yoake it’s a deal sore de te o yz{ uchimasho at dawn yoake ni ÚÛÜÝÞßàá |}~¡ !"# day hi death shi ¢ $ the day after sono tsugi no decaffeinated coffee kafein hi nuki no kohi ABCDEFGHIJKL De £¤¥¦§ %&'()*+ the day after tomorrow ,-./0 as·sat·te December Junigatsu ¨©ª« 123 the day before sono mae no decide kimemasu hi 4567 ¬®¯° we haven’t decided yet mada the day before yesterday kimete imasen ototoi 89:;<=>?@ ±²³´ decision ket·tei every day mainichi AB µ¶ deck (on ship) dek·ki all day ichinichi-ju CDE ¸¹º deckchair dek·ki-chea in two days’ time FGHIJK futsuka-inai ni deep fukai »¼½¾¿ LM

59 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 60 English definitely mat·taku sono tori no that one ie, sore desu desu here? koko desu ka? NOPQRSTUV yes hai

➜ WX

Japanese definitely not mat·taku dentures ireba chigaimasu «¬ YZ[\]^_` deodorant deodoranto degree do ®¯°±²³ a department bumon (qualification) gakui ´µ bc department store depato delay (noun) okure ¶¸¹º de departure shup·patsu deliberately waza to »¼ fgh departure lounge delicatessen sozai-ya shup·patsu-raunji ijk ½¾¿ÀÁÂ ABCDEFGHIJKL De delicious totemo oishi depend: it depends bai ni lmnopqr yorimasu deliver haitatsu shimasu ÃÄÅÆÇÈÉ stuvw it depends on ... … ni delivery haitatsu yorimasu xy ÊËÌÍÎÏ Denmark Den·maku deposit (for bike/boat hire) z{|}~ hoshokin dental floss dentaru-furosu ÐÑÒ ¡¢£¤¥¦§ (as part payment) atamakin dentist haisha ÓÔ ¨©ª description setsumei ÕÖ dialogue design dezain !"#$ it’s this one here koko no dessert dezato kore desu %&'( this one? kore desu ka? destination mokutekichi

60 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 61

)*+ OPQ English develop genzo shimasu diarrhoea geri ,-./0 RS

do you have any medicine for ➜

dialogue diarrhoea? geridome wa Japanese arimasu ka? could you develop these TUVWXYZ[\ films? kono firumu o ]^ genzo shite kuremasen diary (business etc) techo ka? _` yes, certainly hai, genzo (for personal experiences) nik·ki desu ne ab when will they be ready? dictionary jisho itsu dekiagarimasu ka? cd tomorrow afternoon ashita didn’t* …-masen deshita no gogo desu efghijkl how much is the four-hour see not service? yojikan no die shinimasu ABCDEFGHIJKL Di sabisu wa ikura desu ka? mnop diesel dizeru-sha diabetic (noun) qrstuv tonyobyo-kanja diet daiet·to 12345 wxyz{ diabetic foods I’m on a diet daiet·to-chu tonyobyo-kanja-yo desu shokuhin |}~¡¢£¤¥ 6789:;<= I have to follow a special dial (verb) daiyaru shimasu diet shokuji-seigen ga >?@ABCD arimasu dialling code ¦§¨©ª«¬® shigai-kyokuban difference chigai EFGH ¯° diamond daiyamondo what’s the difference? chigai IJKLMN wa nan desu ka? diaper omutsu ±²³´µ¶¸¹

61 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 62 English different chigau (of department) bucho º» -. this one is different kore wa (of company) shacho

➜ chigaimasu /0

Japanese ¼½¾¿ÀÁÂ directory enquiries a different table chigau denwa-ban·go-an·nai teburu 123456 ÃÄÅÆÇÈ dirt yogore difficult muzukashi 78 ÉÊËÌÍ dirty kitanai dining room shokudo 9: ÎÏ disabled: disabled person dinner (evening meal) yushoku shintai-shogai-sha ÐÑ ;<=>? to have dinner shokuji o is there access for the shimasu disabled? shintai-shogai-sha ÒÓÔÕÖ× mo riyo dekimasu ka? ABCDEFGHIJKL Di direct (adj) choksetsu (no) @ABCDEFG ØÙÚÛÜ HIJKLM is there a direct train? disappear nakunarimasu chokutsu no densha wa NOPQRS arimasu ka? it’s disappeared ÝÞßàáâãä nakunarimashita åæçè TUVWXYZ direction hoko disappointed gak·kari sh(i(ta éê [\]^_` which direction is it? dot·chi disappointing kitai hazure (no) no hoko desu ka? abcdefgh ëìíîïðñò disaster saigai !" ij is it in this direction? kono this is a disaster kore wa hoko desu ka? hidoi desu #$%&'()* klmnopqr director (section chief) kacho disco disuko +, stuv

62 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 63 English discount waribiki dizzy: I feel dizzy memai ga wx shimasu is there a discount? waribiki ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛ

ni narimasu ka? do (verb) shimasu ➜

yz{|}~¡¢£ !"# Japanese disease byoki what shall we do? nani o ¤¥ shimasho ka? disgusting iya (na) $%&'()*+, ¦§¨©ª how do you do it? doyat·te dish (meal) ryori surundesu ka? «¬ -./01234 (plate) sara 5678 will you do it for me? soshite disk (for computer) disuku kuremasen ka? ®¯°± 9:;<=>?@A disposable diapers/nappies BC kami-omutsu ²³´µ dialogue ABCDEFGHIJKL Do distance kyori ¶¸ how do you do? in the distance toku ni hajimemashite, dozo ¹º» yoroshiku district chiho nice to meet you ¼½ o-aidekite ureshides disturb jama shimasu what do you do? (work) ¾¿ÀÁÂÃ oshigoto wa nan desu do not disturb okosanaide ka? kudasai I’m a teacher, and you? ÄÅÆÇÈÉ watashi wa kyoshi desu ÊËÌÍ ga anata wa? diversion (detour) I’m a student watashi wa mawari-michi gakusei desu ÎÏÐ what are you doing divorced rikon shita tonight? komban wa nani ÑÒÓÔ o shite imasu ka?

63 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 64 English we’re going out for a drink, document shorui do you want to join us? WX watashitachi wa nomi ni dog inu

➜ ikimasu ga, is·sho ni Y

Japanese kimasen ka? doll nin·gyo Z[ do you want tea? ocha wa domestic flight kokunaisen ikaga desu ka? \]^ I do, but she doesn’t don’t!* dame! watashi wa itadakimasu _`a ga, kanojo niwa kek·ko don’t do that! yoshinasai! desu bcdefg see not doctor isha door doa DE hi we need a doctor isha ga (of house: Japanese-style) to hitsuyo desu j ABCDEFGHIJKL Do FGHIJKL sliding door (wooden lattice and please call a doctor isha o paper) shoji yonde kudasai kl MNOPQR (patterned) fusuma STUV mno doorman doaman pqrs dialogue doorway genkan tu where does it hurt? doko double nibai (no) ga itai desu ka? vw right here koko desu double bed daburu-bed·do does that hurt now? kore xyz{|} wa itai desu ka? double room daburu yes hai ~¡¢ take this to the chemist double whisky daburu kore o mot·te kusuri-ya £¤¥ ni ikinasai doughnut donat·tsu 64 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 65 English ¦§¨©ª dream (noun) yume down: down here kono shita 6 desu dress (noun) doresu

«¬®¯ 789 ➜

put it down over there soko dressed: to get dressed fuku Japanese ni oite kudasai o kimasu °±²³´µ :;<=> ¶¸¹º dressing gown gaun it’s down there on the right ?@A soko o it·te migi desu drink (noun) nomimono »¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃ BC it’s further down the road (alcoholic) osake mot·to saki desu DE ÄÅÆÇÈÉ (non-alcoholic) seiryo-inryo downmarket (restaurant etc) FGHI yasup·poi (verb) nomimasu ÊËÌÍ JKLM downstairs shita a cold drink tsumetai ABCDEFGHIJKL Dr Î nomimono dozen ichi-dasu (no) NOPQR ÏÐÑÒ can I get you a drink? half a dozen han-das (no) nomimono wa ikaga desu ÓÔÕÒ ka? draught beer nama-biru STUVWXYZ !"#$ [\ draughty: it’s draughty what would you like (to sukima-kaze ga hairimasu drink)? nani o nomimasu %&'()*+, ka? -. ]^_`abcd drawer hikidashi no thanks, I don’t drink /01 arigato, demo arukoru wa drawing e nomimasen 2 efghijklm dreadful hidoi nopqrst 345 uvw

65 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 66 English I’ll just have a drink of water (wine) karakuchi (no) mizu o kudasai $%&'( xyz{|} dry-cleaner’s kurining-ya

➜ drinking water inryosui )*+,-./

Japanese ~¡¢ due: he was due to arrive is this drinking water? kore yesterday kare wa kino wa inryosui desu ka? tochaku suru hazu deshita £¤¥¦§¨©ª 012345678 «¬ 9:;<= drive (verb) unten shimasu when is the train due? ®¯°± densha wa itsu kuru hazu we drove here kuruma de desu ka? kimashita >?@ABCDEF ²³´µ¶¸ GHIJ I’ll drive you home okut·te dull (pain) zuki-zuki ikimasu KLMN ¹º»¼½¾¿ (weather) kumori (no) ABCDEFGHIJKL Dr driver untenshu OPQRST ÀÁÂ (uninteresting) tsumaranai driving licence UVWXY unten-menkyo-sho dummy (baby’s) oshaburi ÃÄÅÆÇ Z[\]^ drop: just a drop, please (of during … no aida ni drink) hon no sukoshi dake _`ab kudasai dust hokori ÈÉÊËÌÍÎ cde ÏÐÑÒ dustbin gomibako drug (medicine) kusuri fgh Ó dusty hokorip·poi drugs (narcotics) mayaku ijklmn ÔÕ Dutch (adj) Oranda (no) drunk (adj) yop·parat·ta opqr Ö×ØÙÚÛ duty-free (goods) dry (adj) kawaita menzei(hin) !"# stuvw

66 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 67 English duty-free shop Easter Fuk·katsu-sai menzeihin-ten ÕÖ× xyz{ Eastern (oriental) toyo (no)

duvet kakebuton ØÙÚÛÜ ➜

|}~¡¢ easy yasashi Japanese ÝÞßà eat tabemasu E áâãä we’ve already eaten each (every) sorezore (no) watashitachi wa mo £¤¥¦§¨© tabemashita how much are they each? !"#$%&'( hitotsu ikura desu ka? )*+ ª«¬®¯°±²³ eau de toilette ear mimi o-do-toware ´ ,-./01 earache: I have earache mimi economy class ekonomi- ga itai desu kurasu ABCDEFGHIJKL El µ¶¸¹º» 23456789 early hayai eel unagi ¼½ :;< early in the morning asa egg tamago hayaku =>? ¾¿À either: either ... or ... … ka … I called by earlier sakihodo ka mo ukagaimashita @ABC ÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊ either of them dochiraka earrings iyaringu DEFG ËÌÍÎÏ elbow hiji earthquake jishin HI ÐÑ electric denki (no) east higashi JKLMN Ò electrical appliances in the east higashi ni denki-kigu ÓÔ OPQR

67 shita sono Eigo u (no) itsu owari yak - Kogo u · ka? ) shiyo-chu watashi wa watashi ) kon ) Igiris ) enjin toilet ( ) owari ) Eigo Igirisu adj car ( ( kara (no) ka? ) hanashi-chu noun ( to be married language phone masu !"#$%&'() ÈÉÊ ( ËÌÍÎ ÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ ×ØÙÚÛÜÝ ( Þß I’m English àáâãäåæçè do you speak English? ¥¦§¨ ©ª«¬ ®¯° the street at the end of ±²³´µ¶¸¹º » when does it end? ¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄ ÅÆÇ ( ¡¢£¤ ukiatarimichi no ts ni ga hanasemasu Heika Igiris-jin desu u engine England English empty end engaged Empress of Japan Empress ie, no- kinkyu · nani ka Te n o doko ka doko hijoguchi kinkyu denki-ya denki ka? taishikan eta ereb u hoka ni nani ka i-meru irimas hoka niwa nani mo hoka niwa irimasen, arigat would you like anything else? no, nothing else, thanks Heika xyz{ |}~ nopqr stu vw this is an emergency! ^_`abcd else somewhere efghijklm STU VW XYZ[\] hoka no mono hoka no tokoro desu! emergency exit of Japan Emperor e-mail embassy emergency else: something else else: something dialogue electrician electricity elevator

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLEl 68 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 68 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 69 English enjoy: to enjoy oneself WXYZ[\ tanoshimimasu equipment setsubi *+,-. ]^

(for climbing etc) sobi ➜

dialogue _` Japanese error machigai how did you like the film? abcd eiga wa do deshita ka? especially toku ni I enjoyed it very much, did efg you enjoy it? totemo essential hitsuyo (na) tanoshikat·ta desu, anata hijkl wa do deshita ka? it is essential that ... …-koto wa hitsuyo desu enlargement (of photo) mnopqrstu hiki-nobashi Europe Yorop·pa /0123 vwxyz enormous totemo oki European (adj) Yorop·pa (no) 456789 {|}~¡¢£¤ ABCDEFGHIJKL Ev enough jubun even: even the ... … demo :; ¥¦§ there’s not enough tarimasen even if ... moshi … demo <=>?@ ¨©ª«¬ it’s not big enough evening yugata chisasugimasu ® ABCDEF this evening komban that’s enough sore de jubun ¯° desu in the evening yoru ni GHIJKLM ±² entrance iriguchi evening meal yushoku NOP ³´ (of house) genkan eventually tsui ni QR µ¶¸ envelope futo ever: I hardly ever ... hotondo STUV ...-masen epileptic tenkan-kanja ¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁ

69 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 70 English dialogue except … igai wa =>?@ have you ever been to excess baggage

➜ Hiroshima? Hiroshima ni choka-tenimotsu

Japanese it·ta koto ga arimasu ka? ABCDE yes, I was there two years exchange rate ryogae-reto ago hai, ni-nen mae ni FGHIJ ikimashita exciting omoshiroi KLMNO every subete no excuse me (to get past) ÂÃÄÅ shitsurei shimasu every day mainichi PQRST ÆÇ (to say sorry) gomen·nasai everyone mina-san UVWXYZ ÈÉÊ (to get attention) chot·to everything subete sumimasen! ËÌÍ [\]^_`abc ABCDEFGHIJKL Ev everywhere doko demo executive kanrishoku ÎÏÐÑ def exactly! sono tori desu! exhaust (pipe) haikikan ÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙ ghi exam shiken exhibition tenrankai ÚÛ jkl example rei exit deguchi ! mn for example tatoeba where’s the nearest exit? "#$% ichiban chikai deguchi wa excellent subarashi doko desu ka? &'()* opqrstuvw (food) totemo oishi xyz{|} +,-./01 expensive takai (hotel) ichiryu (no) ~¡ 23456 experienced keiken no aru excellent! subarashi! ¢£¤¥¦ 789:;< explain setsumei shimasu

70 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 71 English §¨©ª« suitcase for me? chot·to can you explain that? sutsukes o mite ite setsumei shite kuremasen kuremasen ka?

ka? îïðñòóôõö ➜

¬®¯°±²³´ ÷øùú!"#$% Japanese µ¶ &'() express (mail) sokutatsu eyeglasses (US: spectacles) ¸¹ megane (train) tok·kyu *+, º» eyeliner ai-raina extension (telephone) naisen -./012 ¼½ eye make-up remover extension ..., please naisen ai-meku-otoshi no …, onegai shimasu 3456789 ¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆ eye shadow ai-shado ÇÈ :;<=>? extension lead encho-kodo ÉÊËÌÍ F ABCDEFGHIJKL Fa extra: can we have an extra one? mo hitotsu moraemasen ka? face kao ÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ @A ×ØÙÚ face mask (for colds) masuku do you charge extra for that? BCD sore wa betsu-ryokin desu factory kojo ka? EF ÛÜÝÞßàáâ Fahrenheit kashi ãä GH extraordinary mezurashi faint (verb) ki o åæçèé ushinaimasu extremely totemo IJKLMN êëì she’s fainted kanojo wa ki o eye me ushinaimashita í OPQRSTUVW will you keep an eye on my X

71 ni- koko ie, amari ta ) dono kurai · ka? ) chichi ) oto-san oshare (na) oshare on buses ) futot i subarash ( ) aburami nai desu one’s own one’s ka? okin ( kiro kurai desu kiro nojo · ry hayai person toi ( okinbako desu juk toku is it far from here? is it far from far no, not very well, how far? about 20 kilometres it’s u kara toi des someone else’s on meat ( )*+, ËÌÍ ÎÏ ÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ ×Ø !"# ( $%&' ( ÇÈ ÉÊ ÂÃÄÅÆ ry fare box fare farm fashionable fast fat father far dialogue fare fantastic ta · kanojo wa ) aki ) machigat ) sempuki fura-fura shimas u fura-fura aki ni ) kanari ) yuenchi ) sensu ) mihon-ichi ) kohei (na) yumei (na) ) nise (no) u ) korobimas ) kanari (no) kazoku ) fan quite not true adj ( ( ( funfair electrical US: season verb ( ( ( ( handheld sports impartial amount trade fair ¹º» ( ¼½¾ ( ¿ÀÁ £¤¥¦§¨©ª« ¬®¯° ±² ³´µ¶¸ y in the fall z{ |}~¡¢ had a fall she’s ( fghij ( klmnop qrs tuvwx I feel faint YZ[\]^_ `ab ( cde ita korobimash fan false family famous fall fall fairly fake fair

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLFa 72 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 72 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 73 English father-in-law (one’s own) giri I feel like going for a walk no chichi sampo ni ikitai desu -./0 §¨©ª«¬®¯

(someone else’s) giri no how are you feeling? ikaga ➜

oto-san desu ka? Japanese 1234567 °±²³´µ¶ faucet jaguchi I’m feeling better zut·to i 89: desu fault: sorry, it was my fault ¸¹º»¼½¾ gomen·nasai, watashi no sei fence (noun) hei deshita ¿ ;<=>?@ABC fencing fensingu DEFGH ÀÁÂÃÄÅ it’s not my fault watashi no Japanese fencing kendo sei dewa arimasen ÆÇ IJKLMNOP ferry feri QRS ÈÉÊË faulty choshi ga okashi festival omatsuri ABCDEFGHIJKL Fe TUVWXYZ ÌÍÎ favourite oki ni iri (no) fetch (person) tsurete [\]^_`ab kimasu fax (noun) fak·ksu ÏÐÑÒÓÔ cdefg (object) tot·te kimasu (verb) fak·ksu o okurimasu ÕÖ×ØÙÚ hijklmno I’ll fetch him kare o yonde pq kimasho February Nigatsu ÛÜÝÞßàá rs âãä feel kanjimasu will you come and fetch me tuvw later? atode mukae ni kite I feel hot atsui desu kuremasen ka? xyz{ åæçèéêëì I feel unwell kibun ga yoku íîïðñòó nai desu feverish netsup·poi |}~¡¢£¤¥¦ !"#$

73 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 74 English few: a few sukoshi no arimasu ka? %&' yes, how many exposures? a few days ni-san nichi hai, nan·mai dori desu ka?

➜ ()* 36 san-ju-roku-mai desu

Japanese fiancé(e) kon·yakusha +,- film processing genzo field hatake gh . final (adj) saigo (no) fight (noun) kenka ijklm /01 find (verb) mitsukemasu fill in kinyu shimas nopqr 23456 I can’t find it mitsukarimasen do I have to fill this in? kinyu stuvwxy shinakute wa narimasen ka? I’ve found it mitsukemashita 789:;<=>? z{|}~¡ @ABCD find out shirabemasu fill up ip·pai ni shimas ¢£¤¥ ABCDEFGHIJKL Fe EFGHIJKL could you find out for me? fill it up, please ip·pai ni shirabete kuremasen ka? shite kudasai ¦§¨©ª«¬ MNOPQRS ®¯ TUVW fine (weather) hareta filling (in cake, sandwich) nakami °±² XYZ (punishment) bak·kin (in tooth) ha no tsumemono ³´ [\]^_` film (movie) eiga dialogue ab (for camera) firumu how are you? ogenki desu cdef ka? I’m fine, thanks dialogue okagesama de

do you have this kind of is that OK? sore de i desu film? kon·na firumu wa ka? 74 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 75 English that’s fine, thanks e, fireworks hanabi kek·ko desu 34 first saisho (no)

finger yubi 56789 ➜

µ I was first watashi ga saki Japanese finish (verb) owarimasu deshita ¶¸¹º» :;<=>? I haven’t finished yet mada at first saisho ni owat·te imasen @AB ¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄ the first time hajimete Å CDEF when does it finish? itsu first on the left hidarigawa owarimasu ka? no saisho ÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎ GHIJKL fire (in hearth) hi first aid okyu-te-ate Ï MNOP (blaze) kaji first-aid kit kyukyubako ÐÑ QRS ABCDEFGHIJKL Fi fire! kaji da! first class (train) gurinsha ÒÓÔÕ TUVWX can we light a fire here? (plane) fasuto-kurasu koko de hi o taite mo i YZ[\]^_` desu ka? first-class ticket (train) Ö×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞ gurinsha joshaken ßàáâãä abcdefgh it’s on fire kaji desu (plane) fasuto-kurasu !"#$ chiket·to fire alarm kasai-hochiki ijklmnopq %&'() rst fire brigade shobotai first floor ni-kai *+, uv fire escape hijoguchi (US) ik·kai -./ wx fire extinguisher shokaki first name namae 012 yz

75 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 76 English fish (noun) sakana !"#$%&'( {|} )*+ fishmonger’s sakana-ya flavour fumi

➜ ~¡ ,-

Japanese fit (attack) hos·sa flea nomi ¢£ ./ fit: it doesn’t fit me sore wa flight hiko watashi ni aimasen 01 ¤¥¦§¨©ª flight number bin·mei «¬ 23 fitting room shichaku-shitsu flood kozui ®¯° 45 fix (verb: arrange) tehai shimasu floor (of room) yuka ±²³´µ 6 can you fix this? (repair) (storey) kai naosemasu ka? 7 ¶¸¹º»¼½ on the floor yuka ni ABCDEFGHIJKL Fi fizzy tansan (no) 89 ¾¿ÀÁÂ florist’s hana-ya fizzy orange tansan-iri orenji :; jusu flower hana ÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊ < ËÌÍÎ flower arranging ikebana flag hata =>? ÏÐ flu infuruenza flannel taoru @ABCDEF ÑÒÓ fluent: he speaks fluent flash (for camera) furashu Japanese kare wa ryucho ÔÕÖ×Ø na Nihon-go o flat (noun: apartment) apato hanashimasu ÙÚÛÜ GHIJKLMNO (adj) taira (na) PQRS ÝÞßàáâ fly (noun) hae I’ve got a flat tyre taiya ga TU panku shimashita (verb) tobimasu

76 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 77

VWXY ka? English can we fly there? hikoki de ¯°±²³´µ¶¸ ikemasu ka? ¹º»

Z[\]^_`a ➜

bc dialogues Japanese fog kiri d who’s the tempura for? foggy: it’s foggy kiri ga dete tempura wa dochira desu imasu ka? efghijk that’s for me watashi desu food (in general) tabemono and this one? kore wa lmn dochira desu ka? (in shop) shokuryohin that’s for her kanojo desu opq (in restaurant) ryori where do I get the bus for rs Shinjuku? Shinjuku-iki food poisoning no basu wa doko de shokuchudoku noremasu ka? ABCDEFGHIJKL Fo tuv the bus for Shinjuku leaves food shop/store from Tokyo station shokuryohin-ten Shinjuku-iki no basu wa wxyz Tokyo eki kara dete foot (of person) ashi imasu { on foot aruite how long have you been |}~ here? koko niwa mo football (game) sak·ka dono kurai ni narimasu ¡¢£¤ ka? (ball) sak·ka-boru I’ve been here for two ¥¦§¨©ª« days, how about you? footwarmer kotatsu futsuka desu ga, anata ¬® wa? for: do you have something for I’ve been here for a week ...? (headache/diarrhoea etc) … is·shukan ni narimasu ni kik kusuri wa arimasu

77 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 78 English forehead odeko fandeshon ¼½¾ Z[\]^_`a foreign gaikoku (no) fountain (ornamental) funsui

➜ ¿À bc

Japanese foreigner gaijin (for drinking) kyusuiki ÁÂ def forest mori foyer robi ! ghi forget wasuremasu fracture (noun) kos·setsu "#$% jk I forget, I’ve forgotten France Furansu wasurete shimaimashita lmno &'()*+,-. free (no charge) tada, muryo fork fok pqrst /012 is it free (of charge)? muryo (in road) bunkiten desu ka? 345 uvwxyz ABCDEFGHIJKL Fo form (document) yoshi freeway kosokudoro 67 {|}~ formal seishiki (na) freezer reitoko 89:;< ¡¢£ (dress) aratamat·ta French (adj) Furansu (no) =>?@AB ¤¥¦§¨©ª fortnight nishukan (language) Furansu-go CDE «¬®¯ fortunately un·yoku French fries furenchi-furai FGH °±²³´µ¶ forward: could you forward my frequent tabitabi (no) mail? tegami o tenso shite ¸¹º»¼½¾ kuremasen ka? how frequent is the bus to IJKLMNO Kobe? Kobe-iki no basu wa PQRSTUV nambon kurai dete imasu ka? forwarding address tenso saki ¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇ WXY ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐ foundation (make-up) ÑÒ

78 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 79 English fresh (food) shinsen (na) I’m from Manchester ÓÔÕÖ× Manchesuta kara desu Friday Kin·yobi

ØÙÚ front mae ➜

fridge reizoko J Japanese ÛÜÝ in front mae ni fried itameta KL Þßàá in front of the hotel hoteru fried egg medamayaki no mae ni âãäåæ MNOPQR fried rice chahan at the front mae de çèéêë ST friend tomodachi frost shimo !" U friendly shinsetsu (na) frozen reito shita #$%&' VWXY from kara fruit kudamono () Z[\] ABCDEFGHIJKL Fu when does the next train fruit juice frutsu-jusu from Hakata arrive? tsugi no ^_`abcde Hakata hatsu no res·sha wa full ip·pai itsu tsukimasu ka? fghi *+,-./012 it’s full of ... … de ip·pai 3456789: desu from Monday to Friday jklmnopq Getsuyobi kara Kin·yobi I’m full onaka ga ip·pai desu ;<=>?@AB rstuvwxy from next Thursday tsugi no z{ Mok·yobi kara full board san-shoku-tsuki CDEFGHI |}~¡ fun: it was fun dialogue omoshirokat·ta desu ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª where are you from? doko funeral ososhiki kara kimashita ka? «¬

79 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 80 English funny (strange) okashi Ö×Ø ®¯°± (match) shiai (amusing) omoshiroi ÙÚ

➜ ²³´µ¶ garage (for fuel) gasorin-

Japanese furniture kagu sutando ¸¹ ÛÜÝÞßàáâ further mot·to toku (for repairs) shurikojo º»¼½¾ !"#$ it’s further down the road (for parking) shako sono michi no mot·to saki %& desu garden niwa ¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆ ' ÇÈ garlic nin·niku ()*+ dialogue gas gasu ,- how much further is it to (US) gasorin ABCDEFGHIJKL Fu Kinkakuji? Kinkakuji ewa ./01 dono kurai arimasu ka? gas permeable lenses about 5 kilometres sanso-toka-sei kontakuto- go-kiro kurai desu renzu 23456789: fuse (noun) hyuzu ;<=> ÉÊËÌ gas station (US) gasorin- future shorai sutando ÍÎ ?@ABCDEF in future kore kara gate mon ÏÐÑÒ G (at airport) geto G HIJ gay homo (no) KL gallon garon gay bar gei-ba ÓÔÕ MNOP game (cards etc) gemu gears (in car) gia

80 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 81 English QR would you like? ie, kore general (adj) ip·pan-teki (na) wa watashi mochi desu, STUVWX nani ga i desu ka?

gents’ toilet dansei-yo toire a beer, please biru kudasai ➜

YZ[\]^ Japanese genuine (antique etc) get back (return) modorimasu hon·mono (no) ¾¿ÀÁ _`abc get in (arrive) tochaku shimasu German (adj) Doitsu (no) ÂÃÄÅÆ defghi get off orimasu Germany Doitsu ÇÈÉÊ jkl where do I get off? doko de get (fetch) te ni iremasu orireba i desu ka? mnopqr ËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓ could you get me another ÔÕÖ× one, please? mo hitotsu get on (to train etc) norimasu moraemasu ka? ØÙÚÛ stuvwxyz get out (of car etc) orimasu ABCDEFGHIJKL Gi {|}~ ÜÝÞß how do I get to ...? … ewa (take out) toridashimasu do ikeba i desu ka? àáâãäå ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨© get up (in the morning) okimasu ª«¬® æçèé do you know where I can get gift okurimono them? sore wa dokode te ni êëì hairimasu ka? gift shop gifuto-shop·pu ¯°±²³´µ¶¸ íîïðñòó ¹º»¼½ gin jin !" dialogue a gin and tonic, please jin- tonik·ku o onegai shimasu can I get you a drink? #$%&'()*+ nomimono wa ikaga ,-./ desu ka? girl on·na no ko no, I’ll get this one, what 012

81 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 82 English girlfriend garu-furendo go ikimasu 3456789 ¥¦§¨ give agemasu we’d like to go to Tokyo

➜ :;<= Disneyland Tokyo-

Japanese can you give me some Dizunirando ni it·te mitai change? kore o kuzushite desu kuremasen ka? ©ª«¬®¯°± >?@ABCDEF ²³´µ¶¸¹º GHIJK »¼ I gave it to him sore wa kare where are you going? doko e ni watashimashita ikundesu ka? LMNOPQRS ½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄ TUV ÅÆ will you give this to ...? kore where does this bus go? o … ni watashite kono basu wa doko e kuremasen ka? ikimasu ka? WXYZ[\]^_ ÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ ABCDEFGHIJKL Gi `abcdef ÐÑÒÓÔ give back kaeshimasu let’s go! ikimasho! ghij ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛ glad ureshi hamburger to go hambaga o klmn teiku-auto de glass (material) garasu ÜÝÞßàáâãä opq åæçèé (for drinking) kop·pu she’s gone (left) kanojo wa rst it·te shimaimashita a glass of wine wain o êëìíîïðñò ip·pai óôõ uvwxyz where has he gone? kare wa glasses (spectacles) megane doko e ikimashita ka? {|} ö÷øùúûü gloves tebukuro ýþ !"# ~¡ I went there last week senshu glue (noun) set·chaku-zai soko e ikimashita ¢£¤ $%&'()*

82 ➜ English Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLGo 83 mo ) osaki … o yobi · ne ) nara o ) say ka? o ohay ) ja komban wa komban ta! sore wa dame wa sore · Sei-Kin when leaving ( formal ( ) dewa mata ) dewa yokat te imasu i · when going to bed informal between friends gozaimasu oyasuminasai ni ÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚ ±²³´µ¶¸¹ º »¼½ ( ¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄ ÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑ have you got any ...? kl good! mnopq no good it’s rstuvwx yz{|} ( ~¡¢£ ( ¤¥¦§ ¨©ª«¬ ®¯° ghij desu mot ikanakereba narimasen ikanakereba good morning good night got: we’ve got to leave goodbye good evening Good Friday good ka? te! · ) shita e ) gaishutsu ) ue e ) kaerimasu chi e it gyo · · gorufu-jo torinukemasu at the stairs etc return ( u dekakemas goguru kin ( in the evening the stairs etc ( ( naka e hairimasu kin kami-sama gorufu shimasu a bc def UVWXYZ [\ ]^_` ?@ABC do you want to go out tonight? desu dekaketai komban DEFGHIJKL MN OPQRST ./01 234567 89:;<=> +,- !"#$% go away! &'()*+,- ikimasu ikimasu goldfish golf golf course God goggles gold go through go up go down go in go out go away go back RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 83 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG ) (no) daiseiko ohin-ten kai jimen ni ) hosho · yao-ya i ) subarash sore wa sugoi! wa sore u Eikok ik car insurance ubari (na) noun ( ( shokury ) kuishimbo jimen yok guriru de yaita gurupu excellent midori (no) ( hai-iro (no) hai-iro for food ¶¸ jidosha-hoken vwx yz{|} ~¡¢£¤¥¦ §¨©ª «¬ on the ground ®¯ °± ²³´µ that’s great! that’s QRSTUVW success a great XYZ [\ ]^_`abc ( defghij klmnop qrstu LMNOP guarantee grey grilled grocer’s ground floor ground group Great Britain Great greedy green card green greengrocer’s great great ) ) ) sofu ) one’s own one’s ( one’s own one’s ) omago-san ) oba-san ) omago-san ) oji-san ( one’s own one’s seifu ( o one’s own one’s gurepu-frutsu guramu ( dandan i uresh bud kusa gurebi-sosu someone else’s someone else’s someone else’s someone else’s uko magomus ? @ABC DEFGHIJK -./ ( 0123 456789:; <=> !"#$% &' ( ()*+, äå ( æçèé êë ( ÛÜ ÝÞßà áâã magomusme sobo grass grateful gravy grapefruit grapes grandmother grandson granddaughter granddaughter grandfather government gradually gram(me)

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLGo 84 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 84 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 85 English is it guaranteed? hosho- (women’s) biyoin tsuki desu ka? 456 ¹º»¼½¾¿À hairdryer doraiya

guest okyaku-sama 789:; ➜

ÁÂÃÄ hair gel jeru Japanese guesthouse minshuku <=> ÅÆ hairgrips heya-pin guide (person) gaido ?@AB ÇÈÉ hair spray heya-supure guidebook gaido-buk·ku CDEFGH ÊËÌÍÎÏ half hambun guided tour gaido-tsuki tua IJ ÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ× half an hour han-jikan gum (in mouth) haguki KLM ØÙÚ half a litre han-rit·toru gun (rifle) ju NOPQR Û about half that sono (pistol) pisutoru hambun kurai ABCDEFGHIJKL Ha !"#$ STUVWXY gym jimu half board %& asayu-nishoku-tsuki Z[\]^_ half-bottle hafu-botoru H `abcde half fare hangaku hair kami fg ' half-price hangaku hairbrush burashi (no) ()* hijkl haircut (man’s) sampatsu ham hamu +, mn (woman’s) heya-kat·to hamburger hambaga -./01 opqrst hairdresser’s (men’s) toko-ya hand te 23 u

85 sore ta ni · u kare no kare met dekimasen kanamono-ya uto hado-kontak toku · ) kirai des minato ukashi ) muz i uresh verb mochimasu katai ( boshi difficult ®¯°± hotondo …-masen efghijklm ever go I hardly nopqrstuv him know I hardly wxyz{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦ §¨© ª«¬ I’m not happy about this happy about I’m not BCDEFGHI JKL M NOP ( QRSTU katayude-tamago VWXYZ[\ ]^_`abcd >?@A niwa nat niwa koto wa hotondo wa koto shirimasen ikimasen have hardware shop hardware hat hate harbour hard egg hard-boiled lenses hard ever ... I hardly hardly: happy te · nat te · nani ga eki gu do · te · shitandesu tenimotsu ) tot hankachi ) do hanguraidingu ka? handobur ) mochite ) nani o yat futsukayoi handobag okorimasu on door ka? ka? ( tandesu · what’s on? what’s wrong? what’s on suitcase at imasu +,-./0123 what has happened? 456789:; <= ÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕ ( !"#$%&'( )* ( ¼½¾¿À I’ve got a hangover desu futsukayoi ÁÂÃÄÅÆÇ ÈÉÊË happening? what’s ©ª« ( ¬® ¯°± ²³´µ¶¸¹º» vwxyz{ |}~¡¢£¤ ¥¦§¨ imasu ka? hangover happen handle hand luggage hang-gliding handbag handbrake handkerchief

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLGr 86 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 86 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 87

²³´µ 01 English can I have a ...? … o headlights hed·do-raito morat·te mo i desu ka? !"#$%& ¶¸¹º»¼½¾¿ headphones hed·do-hon ➜

ÀÁÂÃ '()*+ Japanese can we have some ...? … o healthy (person) kenko (na) ikutsuka moraemasu ka? ,-./0 ÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌ (food) karada ni i ÍÎÏÐ 123456 do you have ...? … o mot·te hear kikoemasu imasu ka? 789:; ÑÒÓÔÕÖ×Ø ÙÚ dialogue what’ll you have (to drink)? nani ni shimasu ka? can you hear me? ÛÜÝÞßàá kikoemasu ka? I have to ... …-nakute wa I can’t hear you, could you narimasen repeat that? kikoemasen, ABCDEFGHIJKL He âãäåæçèé mo ichido it·te êëì kuremasen ka? I have to leave now mo ikanakute wa narimasen hearing aid hochoki íîïðñòóôõ <=> ö÷øù heart shinzo do I have to ...? …-nakute ?@ wa narimasen ka? heart attack shinzomahi úûüýþ!"# ABCD $%&'( heat atsusa hayfever kafun-sho EF )*+ heater (in room) dambo he* kare GH , (in car) hita head atama IJKL -./ heating dambo headache zutsu MN

87 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 88 English heavy omoi domo arigato OPQ ¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁ heel (of foot) kakato ÂÃÄÅÆÇ

➜ RST helpful yaku ni tatsu

Japanese (of shoe) hiru ÈÉÊË UVW hepatitis kan-en could you heel these? hiru o ÌÍ naoshite kuremasen ka? her* kanojo (o) XYZ[\]^_ ÎÏÐÑÒ `abcdef to her kanojo ni height (of person) shincho ÓÔÕ gh with her kanojo to (of object) takasa Ö×Æ ij for her kanojo no tame helicopter herikopta ni klmnop ÙÚÛÜÝÞ hello kon·nichi wa that’s her kanojo desu ABCDEFGHIJKL He qrstu !"#$ (on phone) moshi-moshi I haven’t seen her kanojo vwxy niwa at·te imasen helmet (for motorcycle) %&'()*+ herumet·to ,-./ z{|}~ her ... kanojo no … help (noun) kyoryoku 0123 ¡¢ it’s her car sore wa kanojo (verb) tetsudaimasu no kuruma desu £¤¥¦§ 456789:;< help! tasukete! herbal tea habu-ti ¨©ª«¬ =>?@AB can you help me? tetsudat·te herbs (for cooking) habu kuremasen ka? CDE ®¯°±²³´µ (medicinal) yakuso ¶¸ FG thank you very much for your here koko help tetsudat·te kurete HI 88 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 89 English here is/are ... … wa koko ©ª«¬® desu ¯°±² JKLMNO hip oshiri

here you are (offering) hai, ³´µ ➜

dozo hire karimasu Japanese PQRSTU ¶¸¹º hers* kanojo no for hire rentaru (no) VWX »¼½¾¿ÀÁ that’s hers sore wa kanojo where can I hire a bike? no desu doko de jitensha ga YZ[\]^_` kariraremasu ka? hey! chot·to! ÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊ abcde ËÌÍÎÏÐ hi! (hello) domo! his* kare no fghi ÑÒ high takai it’s his car sore wa kare no jk kuruma desu highchair bebi-chea ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚ ABCDEFGHIJKL Ho lmnopq that’s his sore wa kare no highway kosokudoro desu rstu ÛÜÝÞßàá hill oka hitch-hike hit·chi-haiku v âãäåæç him* kare (o) hobby shumi wxyz !" to him kare ni hold (verb) mochimasu {| #$%& with him kare to hole ana }~ '( for him kare no tame ni holiday yasumi ¡¢£¤¥ )* that’s him kare desu on holiday yasumi de ¦§¨ +,- I haven’t seen him kare niwa Holland Oranda at·te imasen ./01 89 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 90 English home uchi vw 23 hospitality omotenashi at home (in my house) uchi de xyz{|

➜ 456 thank you for your hospitality

Japanese (in my country) watashi no omotenashi domo arigato kuni de gozaimashita 789: }~¡¢£¤¥¦§ we go home tomorrow ¨©ª«¬®¯° watashitachi wa ashita ± kikoku shimasu hot atsui ;<=>?@ABC ²³ DEF (spicy) karai honey hachimitsu ´µ¶ GHIJ I’m hot atsui desu honeymoon shinkon-ryoko ¸¹º» KLMN it’s hot today kyo wa atsui hood (US: of car) bon·net·to desu ABCDEFGHIJKL Ho OPQRS ¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃ hope kibo hotel hoteru TU ÄÅÆ I hope so so da to i desu ne (Japanese-style) ryokan VWXYZ[\]^ ÇÈ I hope not so de nai to i hotel room hoteru no heya desu ne ÉÊËÌÍÎ _`abcdef hot spring onsen ghi ÏÐ hopefully dekireba hour jikan jklm ÑÒ horrible osoroshi house ie nopqr Ó horse uma hovercraft hoba-kurafuto s !"#$%&' horse riding joba how do tu () hospital byoin how many? ikutsu?

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*+,- [\] English how do you do? hurry up! isoide kudasai! hajimemashite ^_`abcde

./0123 hurt (verb) itamimasu ➜

fghi Japanese dialogues it really hurts totemo itamimasu how are you? ogenki desu jklmnop ka? husband (one’s own) shujin fine, thanks, and you? e, qr okagesama de, sochira wa (someone else’s) goshujin do desu ka? stu my husband uchi no shujin how much is it? ikura desu vwxyz ka? hydrofoil suichu-yokusen 520 yen go-hyaku-ni-ju- {|}~ en desu I’ll take it ja, sore o I ABCDEFGHIJKL Ic kudasai

humid mushi-atsui I watashi 4567 ¡ hungry onaka ga suita ice kori 89:;<=> ¢ are you hungry? onaka ga with ice kori-iri sukimashita ka? £¤¥ ?@ABCDEFG no ice, thanks kori wa i HI desu hurry (verb) isogimasu ¦§¨©ª« JKLM ice cream aisu-kurimu I’m in a hurry isoide imasu ¬®¯°±² NOPQRS ice-cream cone aisu-kurimu there’s no hurry isogu koto no kon wa arimasen ³´µ¶¸¹º» TUVWXYZ ¼½¾

91 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 92 English ice lolly aisu-kyandi GHIJ ¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇ in: it’s in the centre sore wa idea kan·gae hankagai ni arimasu

➜ ÈÉ KLMNOPQRS

Japanese idiot hakuchi TU ÊË in my car watashi no if moshi kuruma no naka ÌÍ VWXYZ[ ill byoki (no) in Sapporo Sapporo ni ÎÏÐÑÒ \]^ I feel ill kibun ga warui desu in May Gogatsu ni ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙ _`a illness byoki in English Eigo de ÚÛ bcd imitation (leather etc) mozohin in Japanese Nihon-go de ÜÝÞ efgh immediately sugu in two days from now ima ABCDEFGHIJKL Ic ßà kara futsuka de important taisetsu (na) ijklmno áâãäå in five minutes go-fun de it’s very important totemo pqr taisetsu desu is he in? kare wa imasu ka? !"#$%&' stuvwxy it’s not important do demo i incense oko koto desu z{ ()*+,-./ inch inchi 01 |}~ impossible fukano (na) include fukumimasu 234567 ¡¢£¤ impressive insho-teki (na) does that include meals? 89:;<= shokuji wa komi desu ka? improve: I want to improve my ¥¦§¨©ª«¬ Japanese Nihon-go ga is that included? sore mo umak naritai desu ryokin ni fukumarete imasu >?@ABCDEF ka?

92 ➜ English Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLIn 93 ka? hoteru kanojo ) chubu ) ryokan shitemo to naka ni mushi-sasare do for tyre mushi-sasare ( chusha doka zehi kega o shita kega mushi iharimasu Japanese-style ( no naka klmno if you insist FGHIJKLMN OPQR mushiyoke STU VWXYZ[ sit inside let’s \]^_`abcd efghij I insist ,-./0 been injured she’s 1234567 89: ;< =>?@ A BCDE do you have anything for insect bites? *+ wa kega o shimashita kega wa suwarimasho no kusuri arimas wa u insect repellent inside: inside the hotel insist injured inn inner tube insect insect bite injection naisho · ka? an ensho fuben (na) fuben tegoro (na) tegoro okunai-puru joho shokafuryo … ni tsuite no shinjirarenai densensei (no) ) Indo (no) winka kansensho kudaketa okunai adj ( ga arimasu joho ö÷øùúûüýþ !"#$%& '() îï ðñòó ôõ do you have any information about ...? ÝÞ ßàáâãä åæç èéêëìí ÉÊËÌÍÎ ÏÐÑÒÓ ÔÕÖ× ØÙÚÛÜ ®¯°±²³´ µ¶¸¹º»¼½ ¾¿ÀÁÂ ÃÄÅÆÇÈ information desk inflammation informal information indoors inexpensive infection infectious Indian indicator indigestion indoor pool inconvenient incredible RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 93 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG ) formal ( u ) kyukei- … wa suki … wa kosaten shokai shimasu shotai watashi wa watashi at theatre ) … o shokai ( seikyusho Airurando shotai shimasu Airurando (no) … ni informal u … o goshokai itashimas [\]^_`abc ( ;<=>?@A BC DEFGH IJK LMNOPQ RSTUVW I’m Irish ñòó ôõö÷ øù I’m not into ... !"#$%&'( )*+ ,-./0 ...? may I introduce 12345678 9: ïð shimasu Airurando-jin des jikan dewa arimasen dewa XYZ invitation invite invoice Ireland Irish interval into introduce intersection chi o sore · u usai-teki to · ohi insutanto-k … no kawari kok omoshiroi tsuyak hoken atama ga i kawari ni sot kawari intanet inshurin kudasai (na) âãäåæç èéêëìíî ÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ ÐÑÒÓÔ very interesting that’s ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝ Þßàá ¹º»¼½¾ ¿À ÁÂÃÄÅÆ … ni kyomi ga arimasu ¦§¨©ª«¬ ®¯°± instead of ... ²³´µ¶¸ iunara pqrstu vwxy z{|}~¡ ¢£¤¥ instead wa totemo omoshiroi desu totemo omoshiroi wa ni international Internet interpreter interesting insulin insurance intelligent in ... I’m interested interested: instead: give me that one instead: give instant coffee

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLIn 94 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 94 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG ➜ English Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLJa 95 u waf u washok Nihon-jin ) Nihon to ) jamu · Nihon-kai adj ( ) Nihon-go Ichigatsu te imasu · ) bin Nihon jaket ) Nihon-jin preserve jazu ( ago noun ( language noun (no) 234 èéê ( !"# the Japanese $%& '( )* +,- ./ 01 ÐÑÒÓÔ ÕÖ× tsumat ØÙÚÛÜÝÞ ßà áâ ãäåæç ( jazz Japanese food Japanese-style Japan Sea jar jaw jacket jam jammed jammed: it’s January Japan Japanese J ka? ka? kayui desu kayui ) airon doko desu doko … deshita ) Itaria (no) … desu kare desu kare sore wa … desu wa sore adj shima ( zoge for ironing Itaria ( … desu sore ÈÉÊËÌ ÍÎÏ it was ... ¹º»¼ ½¾¿ÀÁÂÃ ÄÅÆÇ it is ... ¤¥¦§¨© is it ...? ª«¬® is it? where ¯°±²³´ him it’s µ¶¸ jklmnopqr stuvwxyz{ |}~ ¡ ¢£ de fghi for me? these can you iron o kakete ni airon kore ka? kuremasen ivory Italian Italy itch: it itches is* island it iron iron RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 95 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 96 English jeans jinzu juice fres·shu-jusu 5678 tuvwxyz{| jellyfish kurage July Shichigatsu

➜ 9:; }~

Japanese jersey seta jump (verb) jampu shimasu <=>? ¡¢£¤¥¦§ jetty sambashi junction (in road) kosaten @ABC ¨©ª jeweller’s hoseki-ten (on motorway) intachenji DEF «¬®¯°±² jewellery hoseki June Rokgatsu GH ³´ JewishYudaya (no) just (only) … dake IJKLMN µ¶¸ job shigoto just two futatsu dake OP ¹º»¼½ jogging jogingu just for me watashi ni dake ABCDEFGHIJKL Je QRSTU ¾¿ÀÁ joke jodan just here chodo koko de VW ÂÃÄÅÆÇÈ joss stick osenko not just now ima wa dame XYZ desu journey ryoko ÉÊËÌÍÎÏ [\ we’ve just arrived ima tsuita have a good journey! sore tokoro desu dewa tanoshi ryoko o! !"#$%&'( ]^_`abcde )* fg judo judo hi K jug mizusashi jkl keep (verb) tot·te okimasu a jug of water mizusashi +,-./01 ip·pai no mizu keep the change otsuri wa mnopqrs kek·ko desu 96 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 97 English 23456789:; that’s very kind sore wa can I keep it? morat·te mo i goshinsetsu ni desu ka? ©ª«¬®¯

<=>?@ABCD ➜

EF dialogue Japanese please keep it dozo omochi kudasai which kind do you want? GHIJKL dochira ga i desu ka? MNOP I want this/that kind kono/ ketchup kechap·pu sono shurui ga hoshi desu QRSTU kettle yakan kiosk kiosuku VWX °±²³ key kagi kiss (noun) kisu YZ ´µ the key for room 201, please (verb) kisu shimasu ni-maru-ichi-go no kagi o ¶¸¹º» onegai shimasu kitchen daidokoro ABCDEFGHIJKL Kn [\]^_`abcd ¼½ efgh kite tako keyring kihoruda ¾¿ ijklmn kite-flying tako-age kidneys jinzo ÀÁÂÃ op Kleenex® tis·shu-pepa kilo kiro ÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌ qr knee hiza kilometre kirometoru ÍÎ stuvwx knickers shotsu how many kilometres is it to ÏÐÑÒ ...? … made nan-kiro knife naifu arimasu ka? ÓÔÕ yz{|}~¡¢ knock (verb) nok·ku shimasu £¤¥¦ Ö×ØÙÚÛ kind (generous) shinsetsu knock over (object) hik·kuri §¨ kaeshimasu

97 no u-go ) gaikok ) shasen Yokohama-iki senshu senshu yube uji ) kohits ) roji kotoba ) saigo (no) meat oki raga-biru sutando yobi motorway ( final josei · mizumi ( ( small road foreign language what time is the last train to Yokohama? lmn u-kosu gogak opqrs tuv wxyz{ last week |} last Friday ~¡¢£¤¥ last night ¦§¨ WX YZ[\]^ _ `a bcde fg ( hi jk ( QRSTUV Kin language course large last lager lake lamb lamp lane language lady kare (no) sore wa sore ki · shirimasen shik fujinfuku-uriba ka? u ) Kankok te imasu u ) hanemas · doko de … ga te ni doko adj ( shit raberu pedestrian shirimasen deshita wa kuruma ni wa ta i haneraremash hairimasu LM oshitsu kesh NOP DEFGH IJK ,-./0123 456 I can do you know where find ...? 789:;<=>? @ABC èéêëìíîï ðñò !"#$%& know I don’t '()*+ know that I didn’t ÜÝÞßàáâã ( äåæç over knocked been he’s lacquerware ladies’ toilets ladies’ room, ladies’ wear L label Korean Korean know

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLKn 98 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 98 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 99

no saishu-densha wa nanji 9:;<=>?@A English desu ka? B ©ª«¬®¯°± laugh (verb) waraimasu

²³´µ¶¸¹ CDEF ➜

late osoi launderette, laundromat Japanese º» koin-randori sorry I’m late okurete GHIJKLMN sumimasen laundry (clothes) sentaku- ¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃ mono the train was late densha ga OPQRST okuremashita (place) sentaku-ya ÄÅÆÇÈÉÊË UVWXY we must go – we’ll be late lavatory toire ikanaito chikoku shite Z[\ shimaimasu law horitsu ÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔ ]^ ÕÖ×ØÙ lawn shibafu it’s getting late zuibun _`a ABCDEFGHIJKL Le osoku narimashita lawyer ben·goshi ÚÛÜÝÞßàá bcd âãä laxative gezai later ato de ef åæç lazy namake-mono I’ll come back later ato de ghijk modot·te kimasu lead (electrical) kodo !"#$%&'() lmn see you later sore ja mata lead (verb) tsujite imasu *+,-./0 opqrst later on ato de where does this road lead? 123 kono michi wa doko ni latest (most recent) saishin (no) tsujite imas ka? 45678 uvwxyz{ by Wednesday at the latest |}~¡¢£¤¥ osoku-tomo Suiyobi made leaf hap·pa ni ¦§¨

99 ni te · ba koko ka? mo desu hidari-kiki (no) hidari ni hidari e edo remon hidari e magat remon kashimasu hidari ashi defg will you lend me your ...? there’s none left there’s KLMNOPQ RST tenimotsu-azukari-jo UVWXYZ [ \]^ _`abc !"#$%&'() *+,- in the bar I left my coat < on the left => to the left ?@ turn left ABCDEF GHIJ may I leave this here? may I ita koto o okiwasuremash kudasai arimasen ni oite mo i ni oite 789:; left-handed left luggage (office) leg lemon lemonade lend ./0123456 left ashita patsu · ka? zenzen Kanazawa- kare wa kare ) shup amamori ga ) okimasu wa itsu wa shimasu shimasu ) more sukunaku-tomo kawa chirashi verb: depart patsu patsu tachimashita u ) okiwasuremas · · ( naraimasu noun ( put somewhere forget shimasu kino shup shimasu iki no basu shup when does the bus for Kanazawa leave? æçèéêëìíî ïðñòóôõö I am leaving tomorrow ÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛ he left yesterday ÜÝÞßàáâ ãäå Ä ÅÆÇÈÉ ( ÊËÌÍ ( ÎÏÐÑÒÓ ®¯°±²³´ µ¶¸¹ º»¼½ at least ¾¿ÀÁÂÃ ©ª« ¬ leaks the roof leave learn the least least: not in leather leaflet leak

English ➜ Japanese

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… o kashite kuremasen âã English ka? do you have any letters for hijklmn me? watashi-ate no tegami

opqrs wa arimasu ka? ➜

lens (of camera) renzu äåæçèéêëì Japanese tuv íîïð lesbian rezubian letterbox posuto wxyz{ ñòó less mot·to sukunaku lettuce retasu |}~¡¢£¤ ôõö less than … ika library toshokan ¥¦§ ÷øù less expensive sore hodo licence menkyo takaku nai !" ¨©ª«¬®¯ lid futa lesson jugyo #$ °± lie (verb: tell untruth) uso o let: will you let me know? tsukimasu ABCDEFGHIJKL Li shirasete kuremasen ka? %&'()*+ ²³´µ¶¸¹º» lie down yoko ni ¼½ narimasu I’ll let you know oshirase ,-./01 shimasu lifebelt kyumeitai ¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄ 234 let’s go for something to eat lifeguard raifu-gado nani ka tabe ni ikimasho 56789: ÅÆÇÈÉÊË life jacket kyumei-doi ÌÍÎÏ ;<=> let off oroshimasu lift (elevator) erebeta ÐÑÒÓÔ ?@ABCD will you let me off at ...? … could you give me a lift? de oroshite kuremasen ka? nosete kuremasen ka? ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜ EFGHIJKL ÝÞßàá MN letter tegami would you like a lift? nosete

101 u na oyogi · kanji kon yu … ga suki do biru ga hoshi desu suki ja anata ga suki anata sampo ni ikitaku ka? ka? raimu !"#$ ni ikitai desu desu desu +,- êëìíîïðñò óô a would you like to go for walk? õö÷øùúûüý þ it like? what’s %&'()*+, -. I want one like this !"#$%&'( )* ¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆ like it I don’t ÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏ do you like ...? ÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ× I’d like a beer ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßà I’d like to go swimming áâãäåæçèé would you like a drink? ikaga des nomimono wa I like you ka? no ga hoshi desu arimasen ka? arimasen desu lime for sampo ( te imasu · ga hitsuyo ) raita ) karui usu-midori (no) ka? denkyu ) hikari denkyu inabikari ) suki desu suki desu ) hi o mot cigarette ) denki ( noun ( verb ( adj: not heavy electric ka? ni ikuno ga suki desu cigarette I like it ¯°±² I like going for walks ³´µ¶¸¹º»¼ ½¾ ¢£¤¥ ¦§¨©ª «¬® light green lmnopqrs tu I need a new light bulb atarashi desu vwxyz{|} ~¡ ]^ ( _`a a light? do you have bcdefghi jk o agemash OPQRSTUVW XY Z[\ ( lighter lightning like light bulb light

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLLi 102 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 102 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLLo 103 te · doko ka? Rondon ita i ) rob kagi kakat ga ) kanzo ) kagi ise-ebi u tojikomemas in hotel kagi o naka ni ( iki-iki sh a ) reb noun in body jimoto no ( ( food u ni sunde imas u ni sunde imas where do you live? do you where I live in London ( ÊËÌÍÎÏÐ ÑÒÓ ®¯° ±² locked it’s ³´µ¶¸¹º »¼½ ¾¿ÀÁÂÃ shimedashimasu ÄÅÆÇÈÉ I’ve locked myself out of my room z{|}~¡ ¢£ ¤¥¦ §¨© ª«¬ imasu ita wasuremash lock lock in lock out lively liver lobby lobster local dialogue o hon sukoshi sho ni arigato, · is mo miruku ) sunde imasu kuchibeni toru rikyuru · gaisen ni tsunaide kikimasu sukoshi verb rit kuchibiru sen ( we live together kudasai klmnop qrstuvwxy a little milk \]^_`ab cde a little bit more fghij EFGH IJKL MNO just a little, thanks PQRSTUVWX YZ[ :;<= >? @ABCD . an outside you give me could line? /012345 6789 hon no sukoshi sunde imasu no sukoshi live litre little lips lipstick liqueur listen line RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 103 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG o gu ga, · … o michi ni bag tanoshimi ni ) yurui ku · u o shimas sewa sagashimasu te shimaimashita te shimaimashita mimasu · · handle etc ( torak nakushimasu opqrs mayot shimasu éêëìíîï ÁÂÃÄ ÅÆÇÈÉ I’ve lost my way ÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑ ÒÓÔ I’m lost, I want to get to ... … e ikitai no desu mayot ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝ Þßàáâãäå æçè I’ve lost my bag tuvwxy z{| }~¡¢£ ... I’m looking for ¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬ ®¯°±²³ to it I’m looking forward u tanoshimi ni shite imas ´µ¶¸¹º»¼½ ¾¿À u sagashite imas nakshimashita lorry lose look at look for to look forward loose look after ka to · · dono guai ga ka? chot ne ) rok desu ka? nagai aida ki o tsuete! Rondon i kyand for luggage etc nasaso ( nagai u kurai kakarimasu look out! `abcde can I have a look? fghijklmn miteru dake desu,miteru dake arigato FGHIJKLM NOPQR look well you don’t STUVWXYZ[ \]^_ 23456789 :;<= a long time >?@ chokyori-denwa ABCDE âã it take to fix it? how long will dono kurai naosu no ni kakarimasu !"#$%&'() *+,-./01 how long does it take? ÔÕÖ× ØÙÚÛÜÝ Þßàá yok misete kuremasen ka? misete kuremasen look: I’m just looking, thanks long-distance call long locker locker lollipop London

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLLo 104 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 104 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 105 English ðñò luck un lost property (office) A ishitsubutsu-toriatsukai-jo good luck! umaku ikimasu

óôõö÷ø yoni! ➜

lot: a lot, lots takusan BCDEFGH Japanese ùúûü IJKL not a lot an-mari oku naku luggage nimotsu ýþ!"#$%& MN a lot of people takusan no luggage trolley nimotsu-yo hito kato '()*+,- OPQRST a lot bigger zut·to oki lunch chushoku ./01234 UV I like it a lot totemo suki boxed lunch obento desu WXYZ[ 56789:; lungs hai lotion roshon \ <=>?@ luxurious zeitaku (na) ABCDEFGHIJKL Ma loud sawagashi ]^_`abc !"#$ lounge raunji %&'( M love (noun) ai ) machine kikai (verb) daisuki desu de *+,-. magazine zas·shi I love Japan Nihon ga fg daisuki desu maid (in hotel) /0123456 kyakushitsu-gakari lovely steki (na) hij 789:;< (in Japanese inn, restaurant) low (prices) yasui nakai-san => klmn (bridge) hikui maiden name kyusei ?@ op

105 ) ) shacho rosenzu eshia ) Mar adj gatsu amari ok nai · magarin ( ) keieisha in restaurant, hotel Mareshia ( car with manual gears ( ) tencho San takusan (no) chizu otoko no hito no otoko in shop in business (no) qr TU VWXYZ[\] ^_`abcd not many efghijk lm network map nop 23456789 :;< =>? ( @A ( BCD can I see the manager? shihainin ni awasete ka? kuremasen EFGHIJKL MNOPQRS -./01 shihainin manyuaru (no) margarine managing director managing director manual many map March Malaysian man manager Malaysia ta · nani de tat u yubinkyok ) shurui ka? dengen mein-kosu u shimas odori ) yubin o kesh posuto brand name ( noun omo (na) ) tsukurimasu ) yuso ( verb verb no honkyok what is it made of? !"#$%&'( )* +, ¿À ( ÁÂÃÄÅ I make it 500 yen ÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍ ®¯°±² ³´µ¶¸¹ º»¼ ½¾ xyz{|}~ ¡¢£¤¥ ¦§¨ ©ª«¬ qr ( stuvw me? any mail for is there imasu nani ka yubin ga kite ka? u-en desu go-hyak dekite imasu make-up make main post office main road mains switch mailbox main main course mail

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLMa 106 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 106 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 107 English stuvw May Gogatsu market ichiba ÝÞ xy may: may I have another one?

(in business) shijo mo hitotsu morat·te mo i ➜

z{ desu ka? Japanese marmalade mamaredo !"#$%&'() |}~¡¢£ *+,-./0 married: I’m married kek·kon may I come in? hait·te mo i shite imasu desu ka? ¤¥¦§¨©ª 12345678 are you married? kek·kon 9: shite imasu ka? may I see it? mite mo i desu «¬®¯°±²³ ka? martial arts budo ;<=>?@ABC ´µ may I sit here? koko ni mascara masukara suwat·te mo i desu ka? ¶¸¹º DEFGHIJKL massage (noun) mas·saji MNOP ABCDEFGHIJKL Me »¼½¾¿ maybe tabun mat (Japanese) tatami QRS ÀÁÂ mayonnaise mayonezu match (football etc) shiai TUVWX ÃÄ me* watashi (o) matches mat·chi YZ[\ ÅÆÇ that’s for me sore wa material (fabric) kiji watashi no desu ÈÉ ]^_`abc matter: it doesn’t matter nan send it to me okut·te demo i desu kudasai ÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑ defghij what’s the matter? do me too watashi mo shimashita ka? kl ÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙ meal gohan, shokuji mattress futon mnopqr ÚÛÜ

107 doko ! kurai (no) kurai no chu ka? ite midiamu-rea chu shukai ) kaigi naoshimasu aimasu dansei business "#$%&'( ùúûüýþ çè ( éê machi-awase-basho ëìíîïðñ òó ôõö÷ø could you mend this for me? o naoshite kuremasen kore ka? µ¶¸¹º»¼ ½¾¿ ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇ ÈÉÊ ËÌÍÎÏÐÑ ÒÓÔÕ nice to meet you hajimemash Ö×ØÙÚÛ shall I meet you? where ÜÝÞßàáâãä åæ karasa (no) karasa de aimasho (no) meeting meeting place men mend medium-rare medium-sized meet medium-dry do Eigo ta desu wa ikaga wa · fushin kurai (no) ka? o ka? ) chu shurik gozaimasu, kusuri adj kono kotoba wa kotoba kono hashika ( ) emu-saizu niku iu imi desu totemo oishikat what does this word mean? it means ... in English arigato did you enjoy your meal? enjoy your did you o oshokuji no h deshita ka? thank you it was excellent, de … to iu imi desu do clothes ¨ ©ª«¬®¯ ( °±²³´ }~¡ German measles ¢£ ¤ ¥¦§ stuvwxyz{| iu koto desu iu koto medicine medium meat mechanic measles mean: what do you mean? mean: what dialogue dialogue

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLMe 108 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 108 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 109 English men’s room dansei-yo toire at midday shogo ni )*+,-. xyz menswear shinshifuku-uriba middle: in the middle

/01234 man·naka ni ➜

mention: don’t mention it do {|}~ Japanese itashimashite in the middle of the night 56789:;< mayonaka ni menu menyu ¡¢£¤ =>?@ the middle one man·naka may I see the menu, please? no menyu o onegai shimasu ¥¦§¨ ABCDEFGHI midnight mayonaka JK ©ª« see menu reader page 266 at midnight mayonaka ni message dengon ¬®¯ LM might: I might go iku kamo are there any messages for shiremasen me? dengon ga nani ka °±²³´µ¶¸¹ ABCDEFGHIJKL Mi arimasen deshita ka? I might not go ikanai kamo NOPQRSTUV shiremasen WXYZ[\ º»¼½¾¿ÀÁ I want to leave a message ÂÃÄ for ... …-san ni dengon o I might want to stay another onegai shimasu day mo ip·paku suru kamo ]^_`abcde shiremasen fghij ÅÆÇÈÉÊ metal kinzoku ËÌÍÎÏÐÑ kl migraine henzutsu metre metoru ÒÓÔ mnop mild (taste) usuaji (no) microwave (oven) denshi- ÆÉ!×ÏÐÑ renji (weather) atatakai qrstu !"#$% midday shogo mile mairu vw &'(

109 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 110 English milk miruku DEFG )*+ mirror kagami milkshake miruku-seki HIJ

➜ ,-./01 Miss ... …-san

Japanese millimetre mirimetoru KLMN 234567 miss: I missed the bus basu ni mind: never mind ki ni noriokuremashita shinaide kudasai OPQRSTU 89:;<= VWX >?@A missing: one of my ... is I’ve changed my mind ki ga missing … ga hitotsu kawarimashita miatarimasen !"#$%&'( YZ[\]^_`a bcd dialogue there’s a suitcase missing sutsuesu ga miatarimasen do you mind if I open the efghijklm ABCDEFGHIJKL Mi window? mado o akete nopqr mo i desho ka? mist kiri no, I don’t mind e,dozo s mistake (noun) machigai mine*: it’s mine watashi no tuvw desu I think there’s a mistake )*+, domo machigai ga aru yo mineral water mineraru-uota nan desu ga -./012345 xyz{|}~¡¢ mints minto £¤¥¦§¨©ª 678 sorry, I’ve made a mistake minute fun sumimasen, 9 machigaemashita in a minute sug ni «¬®¯°±²³ :;< ´µ¶¸ just a minute chot·to mat·te mix-up: sorry, there’s been a kudasai mix-up sumimasen, techigai =>?@ABC deshita

110 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 111

¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁ mot·to takai/omoshiroi English ÂÃÄ ()*+,-./ mobile phone keitaidenwa 012

ÅÆÇÈ more than 50 go-ju ijo ➜

modern modan (na) 345 6 Japanese ÉÊËÌÍÎ more than that sore ijo moisturizer nyueki 789: ÏÐ a lot more mot·to takusan moment: I won’t be a moment ;<=>?@A sugu modorimasu ÑÒÓÔÕÖ dialogue monastery soin ×Ø would you like some Monday Getsuyobi more? mo sukoshi ikaga ÙÚÛ desu ka? money okane no, no more for me, ÜÝ thanks ie, mo kek·ko month (this, last, next etc) getsu desu ABCDEFGHIJKL Mo Þ how about you? sochira (one, two, three etc) kagetsu wa do desu ka? ßà I don’t want any more, monument kinenhi thanks mo kek·ko desu áâã moon tsuki morning asa ä B moped tansha this morning kesa åæ CD more* mot·to in the morning asa ni çèé EF can I have some more water, mosquito ka please? omizu o mo G sukoshi moraemasu ka? mosquito repellent êëìíîïðñ kayoke-supure !"#$%&' HIJKLMN more expensive/interesting most: I like this one most of all

111 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 112

English kore ga ichiban suki desu ´µ¶¸ OPQRSTUVW mouth kuchi XY ¹

➜ most of the time taitei move (verb) ugokashimasu

Japanese Z[\] º»¼½¾ most tourists taitei no he’s moved to another ryokokyaku room kare wa ^_`abcde hik·koshimashita mostly taitei ¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇ fghi could you move your car? mother (one’s own) haha kuruma o ugokashite j kuremasen ka? (someone else’s) oka-san ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐ klmn ÑÒÓÔ mother-in-law (one’s own) giri could you move up a little? no haha sukoshi tsumete kuremasen opqr ka? ABCDEFGHIJKL Mo (someone else’s) giri no oka- ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝ san Þßàá stuvwxy movie eiga motorbike otobai âã z{|}~ movie theater (US) eigakan motorboat motaboto äåæ ¡¢£¤¥¦§ Mr …-san motorway kosokudoro çèéê ¨©ª« Mrs …-san mountain yama !"#$ ¬ Ms …-san up in the mountains yama ni %&'( ® much takusan (no) mountaineering tozan )*+,-./ ¯° much better zut·to i desu mouse nezumi 0123456 ±²³ much worse nao warui desu moustache kuchihige 789:;<

112 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 113 English much hotter zut·to atsui narimasen =>?@A ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨© not much sukoshi ª«

BCD I mustn’t drink alcohol ➜

not very much amari watashi wa arukoru o Japanese EFG nonde wa ikenain desu I don’t want very much amari ¬®¯°±²³´ hoshiku nai desu µ¶¸¹º»¼½ HIJKLMNO ¾¿ PQ mustard masutado mud doro ÀÁÂÃÄ RS (Japanese) karashi mug (for drinking) magukap·pu ÅÆÇ TUVWX my* watashi no I’ve been mugged goto ni ÈÉ osowaremashita myself: I’ll do it myself jibun YZ[\]^_ de shimasu `ab ÊËÌÍÎÏ ABCDEFGHIJKL Na mum mama by myself jibun de cd ÐÑÒ mumps otafuku-kaze efghij N museum hakubutsuan klm mushrooms kinoko nail (finger) tsume nop ÓÔ music on·gaku (metal) kugi qr ÕÖ musician on·gak-ka nailbrush tsume-burashi stu ×ØÙÚÛ Muslim (adj) Isuramukyo (no) nail varnish manikyua vwxyz ÜÝÞßà mussels murugai name namae {|}~ !" must: I must ... …-nakereba my name’s John watashi no

113 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 114

English namae wa John desu hankagai kara chikai desu #$%&'()* ka? +, nopqrstuv

➜ what’s your name? shitsurei wx

Japanese desu ga, onamae wa? do you go near the Osaka-jo? -./01234 Osaka-jo no chikaku e 56 ikimasu ka? what is the name of this yz{|}~¡¢£ street? kono tori no namae ¤¥¦§ wa nan desu ka? where is the nearest ...? 789:;<=>? ichiban chikai … wa doko @ABC desu ka? napkin napukin ¨©ª«¬®¯° DEFG ±²³´µ nappy omutsu nearby chikai HIJ ¶¸ narrow (street) semai nearly hotondo ABCDEFGHIJKL Na KLM ¹º»¼ nasty (person) iya (na) necessary hitsuyo (na) NOPQR ½¾¿ÀÁ (weather, accident etc) hidoi neck kubi STU ÂÃ national kokuritsu (no) necklace nek·kuresu VWXYZ ÄÅÆÇÈ nationality kokuseki necktie nekutai [\ ÉÊËÌ natural shizen (na) need: I need ... … ga hitsuyo ]^_`a desu nausea hakike ÍÎÏÐÑÒ bcd do I need to pay? okane wa navy (blue) kon-iro (no) haraun desho ka? efghi ÓÔÕÖ×Ø near … no soba ÙÚÛÜÝÞ jklm needle hari is it near the city centre? ß

114 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 115 English negative (film) nega new atarashi àá IJK neither: neither (one) of them news (radio, TV etc) nyus

dochira demo nai LMNO ➜

âãäåæçè newsagent’s shimbun-ya Japanese neither ... nor ... … demo … PQR demo nai newspaper shimbun éêëìíîïð ST nephew (one’s own) oi New Year oshogatsu ñ UVW (someone else’s) oigo-san Happy New Year! !"#$ akemashite omedeto net (in sport) net·to gozaimasu! %&' XYZ[\]^_` net price seika abcdefg () New Year’s Day gantan never* kes·shite …-masen hi *+,-./012 New Year’s Eve omisoka ABCDEFGHIJKL Ne I never go there soko e wa jkl kes·shite ikimasen New Zealand Nyu-Jirando 3456789: mnopqrst ;<=>? New Zealander: I’m a New (never been/done) … koto ga Zealander watashi wa Nyu- arimasen Jirando-jin desu @ABCDEFGH uvwxyz{|} ~¡¢£ dialogue next tsugi (no) ¤¥¦§ have you ever been to the next turning/street on the Tokyo? Tokyo ni it·ta left tsugi no hidari no koto wa arimasu ka? magarikado/michi no, I’ve never been there ¨©ª«¬®¯° ie, ichido mo it·ta koto at the next stop tsugi no ga arimasen teiryu-jo de ±²³´µ¶

115 soko … ga mo kozeni ga kozeni arukoru-nuki ) masaka! yakan no yakan u naitodores ) ie u naitokurab tondemo nai! dare mo …-masen dare upset ( … ga arimasen so-on urusai answer ( ]^_`abc def 9:;<=>? oh no! @ABC DEFGHIJK nobody there there’s LMNOPQRS TUV WX YZ[\ ãäåæçè éêëìíîïð ñòó no ... !"#$%&' I’ve no change ()*+,-./ no ... left there’s 012345678 no way! ÝÞßàáâ arimasen niwa dare mo imasen dare niwa furonto-gakari (no) arimasen nobody* noise noisy non-alcoholic nightdress night porter no* nightclub ja, ka? go- paku (na) · uminasai u ip ) mei paku hai, · ) meigo-san ) kirei (na) ) kirei oyas ip raishu ikura desu ) oishi yoru ni yoru … no tonari… no ka? ga shinguru wa aite ga shinguru wa ) shinsets one’s own one’s ( yoru food ( paku · sen-en ni narimasu onegai shimasu how much is it per night? ip 5,000 yen thank you, I’ll take it do you have a single room for one night? yes, madam desu imasu gozaimasu looks, view etc person someone else’s Ó at night ÔÕ good night Ö×ØÙÚÛÜ ( ÃÄÅÆÇÈ ( ÉÊËÌÍ Î ( ÏÐÑÒ next week ¸¹ next to º»¼½¾ ¿ÀÁÂ night dialogue niece nice

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLNi 116 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 116 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 117 English none* (people) dare mo North Korea Kita-Chosen …-masen ÌÍÎ ghijklmn northwest hokusei

(things) dore mo …-masen ÏÐ ➜

opqrstuv Norway Norue Japanese nonsmoking compartment ÑÒÓÔÕ kin·en-koshitsu Norwegian (adj) Norue (no) wxyz Ö×ØÙÚÛÜÝ noodles menrui nose hana {|} Þ noon shogo not* …-masen ~¡ ßàáâã at noon shogo ni no, I’m not hungry ie, onaka ¢£¤ ga suite imasen no-one* dare mo …-masen äåæçèéêë ¥¦§¨©ª«¬ ìíîïðñò nor: nor do I watashi mo so I don’t want any, thank you desu arigato, demo watashi wa ABCDEFGHIJKL No ®¯°±² kek·ko desu normal futsu (no) !"#$%&'() ³´µ¶¸¹ *+,-./0 north kita it’s not necessary hitsuyo º nai desu in the north kita ni 123456 »¼ I didn’t know that sore wa to the north kita e shirimasen deshita ½¾ 789:;<=> north of Kanazawa ?@A Kanazawa no kita not that one sore ja ¿ÀÁÂ arimasen northeast hokuto BCDEFGHIJ ÃÄ not that one, this one sore ja Northern Ireland Kita- nakute, kore desu Airurando KLMNOPQRS ÅÆÇÈÉÊË TU

117 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 118 English note (banknote) shihei nuts nat·tsu VW ¹º» notebook techo ➜ XY O Japanese nothing nani mo …-masen Z[\]^_` nothing for me, thanks nani Occidental seiyo (no) mo irimasen ¼½¾¿À abcdefg occupied (phone) hanashi-chu novel shosetsu ÁÂÃ hi (toilet) shiyo-chu November Juichigatsu ÄÅÆ jkl October Jugatsu now ima ÇÈ mn o’clock ji number ban·go É op odd (strange) kawat·ta ABCDEFGHIJKL No (figure) suji ÊËÌÍ qr of* … no I’ve got the wrong number ÎÏ ban·go o off (lights) kiete iru machigaemashita ÐÑÒÓÔ stuvwxy it’s just off ... sore wa … z{| kara sugu desu what is your phone number? ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞ denwaban·go wa nan-ban we’re off tomorrow ashita desu ka? tachimasu }~¡¢£¤¥¦§ ßàáâãäå ¨© office (place of work) jimusho number plate namba-pureto æçè ª«¬®¯°± officer (said to policeman) nurse (man) kan·goshi omawari-san ²³´ !"#$%& (woman) kan·gofu often yoku µ¶¸ '(

118 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 119 English not often met·ta ni ~¡¢£¤ )*+, is this train OK for ...? kono how often are the buses? densha wa … e ikimasu ka?

basu wa nan-bon kurai ¥¦§¨©ª«¬ ➜

arimasu ka? ®¯°± Japanese -./012345 old (person) toshi o tot·ta 6789: ²³´µ¶ oil (for car) oiru (thing) furui ;<= ¸¹ (for cooking) abura >?@ dialogue (for salad) sarada-oiru ABCDEF how old are you? oikutsu ointment nanko desu ka? GH I’m 25 ni-ju-go desu OK oke and you? anata wa? IJKL are you OK? daijobu desu old-fashioned mukashi-fu ABCDEFGHIJKL On ka? (no) MNOPQRS º»¼½¾ is that OK with you? sore de old town (old part of town) i desu ka? kyushigai TUVWXYZ[\ ¿ÀÁ is it OK to ...? … shite mo i in the old town kyushigai ni desu ka? ÂÃÄÅ ]^_`abcd omelette omuretsu ef ÆÇÈÉ that’s OK, thanks sore de on … no ue kamaimasen, arigato ÊËÌ ghijklmn on the street tori de opqrstu ÍÎÏ I’m OK (nothing for me) watashi is it on this road? sore wa wa kek·ko desu kono michizoi desu ka? vwxyz{|} ÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ× (I feel OK) daijobu desu ØÙÚÛ

119 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 120 English on the plane hikoki de a one-way ticket to ... ÜÝÞß … made katamichi-kip·pu on Saturday Doyobi ni o ichi-mai

➜ àáâã TUVWXYZ[\

Japanese on television terebi de ]^ äåæç onion tamanegi I haven’t got it on me ima _`ab mot·te imasen only … dake èéêëìíîïð cde this one’s on me (drink) kore only one hitotsu dake wa watashi mochi desu fghij ñòóôõö÷ø it’s only 6 o’clock mada the light wasn’t on denki ga rokuji desu tsuite imasen deshita klmnop !"#$%&' I’ve only just got here mada ()*+,- tsuita bakari desu what’s on tonight? komban qrstuvwx ABCDEFGHIJKL On wa nani o yat·te imasu ka? yz ./012345 on/off switch suit·chi 6789: {|}~ once (on one occasion) ik·kai open (adj) hiraita ;< ¡¢£ (formerly) mae ni (verb: door) akemasu => ¤¥¦§ (as soon as) it·tan …-tara (of shop) eigyo-chu ?@ABCDEF ¨©ª at once (immediately) sugu when do you open? koko wa GH itsu akimasu ka? one* hitotsu «¬®¯°±²³ IJK ´µ the white one shiroi no I can’t get it open akimasen LMNO ¶¸¹º» one-way ticket katamichi- in the open air kogai de kip·pu ¼½¾ PQRS opening times eigyojikan

120 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 121

¿ÀÁÂ restaurant) chumon shite mo English open ticket opun-chiket·to i desu ka? ÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊ BCDEFGHIJ

opera opera KL ➜

ËÌÍ I’ve already ordered mo Japanese operation (medical) shujutsu chumon shimashita ÎÏ MNOPQRST operator (telephone) opereta I didn’t order this kore wa ÐÑÒÓÔÕ chumon shimasen deshita opposite: the opposite UVWXYZ[\] direction hantaihoko ^_` Ö×ØÙ out of order kowarete imasu the bar opposite mukai no abcdefg ba ordinary futsu (no) ÚÛÜÝÞß hijklm opposite my hotel hoteru no other hoka no mukaigawa ni nopqr àáâãäåæçè the other one mo kataho no ABCDEFGHIJKL Ou optician megane-ya stuvw éêëì the other day sujitsu mae or mata wa xyz íîï I’m waiting for the others hoka orange (fruit) orenji no hitotachi o mat·te imasu !"#$ {|}~¡¢£¤ (colour) orenji-iro (no) ¥¦§¨©ª %&'()*+, do you have any others? orange juice orenji-jusu hoka nimo arimasu ka? -./01234 «¬®¯°±²³´ orchestra okesutora otherwise samonaito 56789: µ¶¸¹º order (noun) chumon Oriental toyo (no) ;< »¼½¾¿ (verb) chumon shimasu our(s)* watashitachi no =>?@A ÀÁÂÃ can we order now? (in out: he’s out kare wa

121 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 122

English gaishutsu-chu desu !"#$%&'( ÄÅÆÇÈÉÊ )*+, three kilometres out of town own: my own ...

➜ machi kara san-kiro watashi-jishin no …

Japanese ËÌÍÎÏÐ -./01 outdoor pool okugai-puru are you on your own? ohitori ÑÒÓÔÕ desu ka? outside … no soto ni 23456789 Ö×ØÙ I’m on my own hitori desu can we sit outside? soto ni :;<=> suwaremasu ka? owner mochinushi ÚÛÜÝÞßàá ?@A oven obun oyster kaki âãäå BC over: over here koko ni æçè P over there asoko ni ABCDEFGHIJKL Ou éêëì over 500 go-hyaku ijo Pacific Ocean Taiheiyo íîïð ñ DEF it’s over owarimashita pack (verb) nimotsu o òóôõö÷ tsumemasu overcharge: you’ve overcharged GHIJKLM me kore wa torisugi desu a pack of ... … hito-pak·ku øùúûüýþ6! NOPQR overcoat oba package (parcel) kozutsumi "#$% ST overland mail sarubin package holiday pak·ku- &'( ryoko overnight (travel) ip·paku (no) UVWXY )*+,- packed lunch obento overtake oikoshimasu Z[\ ./0123 packet: a packet of cigarettes owe: how much do I owe you? tabako hito-hako ikura haraeba i desu ka? ]^_`a

122 English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLPa 123 shu- kingu · · ) pantsu tis kami ) ryoshin didn’t ) nante origami ) goryoshin ( ) zubon panti-sutok ) shimbun ) koen ) washi one’s own one’s ) shotsu ( underwear: men’s kozutsumi kami ( noun ( someone else’s women’s US: trousers Japanese newspaper BCD ()* +,-./0123 45 6789:;<= >? @A ( ( ÁÂÃÄ ( ÌÍÎ ÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ× ØÙ Ú ( !" ( #$ a piece of paper %&' ÅÆÇ imashita ka? understand/hear ichi-mai pepa park paper folding paper handkerchiefs parcel (me)? pardon parents pantyhose paper pants ) …-san koko ga hito-kumi ) peji tambo itamidome usu-aoi ) usu-… women’s underwear women’s e to ( itai kyuden of book colour ( itami ( furaipan o yobidashite kuremasen ka? kuremasen o yobidashite shotsu itai desu ¶¸¹º» ¼½¾¿À ÁÂÃÄ ¬®¯ °± ²³´µ pale blue |}~¡¢£¤ ¥¦ §¨©ª « hijklmno pqrstuvwx y z{ I have a pain here bcd efg Mr ...? could you page no … pan panties palace pale painful painkillers painting pair: a pair of ... pagoda pain paddy field paddy page RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 123 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG o te · de mo okanjo hodo dare ga dare tsu · ka? koshudenwa shiharai shizuka (na) watashi ga watashi pinat u ) shiharaimas tenjikan momo te arimasu ie,harat konomae · verb ( moraimashita, ga watashi haraimasu haraimasu I’ll pay no, you paid last time, I’ll pay who’s paying? who’s haraimasu u onegai shimas )*+,- ÉÊË ÌÍÎÏ !"#$%& '( ®¯ °±²³´ please? can I pay, µ¶¸¹º»¼ ½¾¿ paid for already it’s ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈ on the pavement on the ª«¬ harat peanuts payment payphone peaceful peach pavilion pay dialogue u ) ka? desu koko ni koko mae ni chushajo ) dantai u jokyak ) kyodo-keiei-sha hodo ) pati naijo o koete sug naijo o koete · pasupoto ) bubun boyfriend, girlfriend etc o moy ( an group ( noun komichi o ) chushaj ( in business celebration verb patona £¤ ¥¦§ ¨© pqrst uvw just past the information office xyz{|}~¡¢ ( bcdef gh ( ijklm no XYZ [\ ]^_`a EF ( GHI can I park here? JKLMNOPQ RSTUVW sha shite mo i chusha shite mo path pattern pavement passport past*: in the past party passenger parking lot part partner

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLPa 124 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 124 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 125 English pear nashi n ./ too many people hito ga pearl shinju osugi

01 opqrst ➜

peculiar (strange) kawat·ta pepper (spice) kosho Japanese 2345 uvwx pedestrian crossing odanhodo per: per night hito-ban ni 6789 tsui pedestrian zone hokosha- yz{|} ten·goku how much per day? :;<=> ichinichi ikura desu ka? peg (for washing) sentaku- ~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨ basami per cent pasento ?@ABCDE ©ª«¬ (for tent) pegu perfect kampeki (na) FG ®¯°±² pen pen perfume kosui HI ³´ ABCDEFGHIJKL Pe pencil empitsu perhaps tabun JKLM µ¶¸ penfriend pemparu perhaps not tabun chigau NOPQ desho penicillin penishirin ¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁ RSTUV period (of time) kikan penknife poket·to-naifu ÂÃ WXYZ[\] (menstruation) seiri pensioner ÄÅ nenkin-seikatsu·sha permit (noun) kyoka ^_`ab ÆÇ people hito person hito cd ÈÉ the other people in the hotel personal stereo uokuman hoteru no hoka no ÊËÌÍÎÏ tomarikyaku petrol gasorin efghijklm ÐÑÒÓ

125 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 126 English petrol can sekiyukan abc ÔÕÖ pickpocket suri petrol station gasorin- de

➜ sutando pick up: will you be there to pick

Japanese ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞ me up? soko made mukae ni pharmacy yak·kyoku, kite kuremasen ka? kusuri-ya fghijklmn !"#$% opqrstuv Philippines Firipin picnic (noun) piknik·ku &'()* wxyz{ phone (noun) denwa picture (painting) e +, | (verb) denwa shimasu (photo) shashin -./01 }~ phone book denwacho piece hitotsu 234 ¡¢£ phone box koshudenwa a piece of ... hito-kire no … ABCDEFGHIJKL Pe 5678 ¤¥¦§¨© phonecard terefon-kado pill piru 9:;<=>? ª« phone number denwaban·go I’m on the pill piru o nonde @ABC imasu photo shashin ¬®¯°±²³´ DE pillow makura excuse me, could you take a µ¶¸ photo of us? chot·to pillow case makura-kaba sumimasen, shashin tot·te ¹º»¼½¾ kuremasen ka? pin (noun) pin FGHIJKLM ¿À NOPQRSTUV pinball pachinko WXYZ[ ÁÂÃÄ phrasebook kaiwa-hyogen- pine matsu shu Å \]^_` pineapple painap·puru piano piano ÆÇÈÉÊË

126 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 127 English pink pinku-iro (no) plate sara ÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ Z[ pipe (for smoking) paipu platform purat·to-homu

ÓÔÕ \]^_`ab ➜

(for water) suidokan which platform is it for Nara? Japanese Ö×Ø Nara-iki wa dono purat·to- pity: it’s a pity homu desu ka? zan·nen desu cdefghij ÙÚÛÜ klmnopqr pizza piza st ÝÞ play (verb: sports, game) shimasu place (noun) tokoro uvw !"# (musical instrument) hikimasu at your place anata no xyz{ tokoro de (music) kakemasu $%&'()*+ |}~¡ at his place kare no tokoro (noun: in theatre) shibai de ¢£ ABCDEFGHIJKL Pl ,-./01 playground asobiba plain (not patterned) muji (no) ¤¥¦§ 23456 pleasant kimochi no i plane hikoki ¨©ª«¬ 789 please (requesting) onegai by plane hikoki de shimasu :;<= ®¯°±²³ plant shokubutsu (go ahead) dozo >? ´µ¶ plasters bansoko yes, please hai, onegai @ABCDE shimasu plastic purastik·ku ¸¹º»¼½¾¿À FGHIJKL could you please ...? … -te (credit cards) kurejit·to-kado kuremasen ka? MNOPQRST ÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈ plastic bag biniru-bukuro ÉÊ UVWXY please don’t doka yamete

127 (na) ni-ten- (na) muda desu muda ) puru keisatsu o keisatsu psu · keisatsu-sho fukei ) bimbo ) tsuyadashi kashu pop yudoku keikan yogoreta noun ) somatsu (na) keisatsu ( teinei (na) not rich for swimming ( ( ; . quality {| VW XYZ[ \]^_`ab cdef ghi jklmnop ( qrstuv wxyz there’s no point there’s <=>? @ABCD EF call the police! GHIJKLMN OP QR STU go yonde kudasai! yonde 9 pop singer polish polite polluted pool poor pop music poisonous police policeman police station policewoman point: two point five point: do jikan mo ) puragu takusan no omo to otoshi-tamago · ite ) sumomo ) ume suido-ya desu,d poket ) sen Western electrical, for car ( ko bun arimasubun u ( !" · gogo Japanese in sink wa j -. /01234 5678 #$ %&' ( () *+, éêëìíîïðñ thanks plenty, that’s òóôõö÷øùú ûüý þ ( ÛÜÝÞßàáâ ãäåæçè plenty of time there’s kudasai ËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔ hajimemash ÕÖ×ØÙÚ itashimashite kek … pm poached egg pocket plum plumber plug pleasure: my pleasure pleasure: of ... plenty: plenty pleased: pleased to meet you pleased: pleased

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLPl 128 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 128 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLPr 129 ga (no) ) go · … no ho ) toki pu US: crisps · ) pondo ( konsento u yubinkyok Nihon-go o teiden yubimban ninshin-chu shitai desu objects ebi money ( posuta ( ) paundo weight poteto-chip suki desu u rensh |}~¡¢£ [\]^ _` abcde fghijklmn op qr stuvwxyz{ @ABC DEFG u-dome-yubin kyok HIJKL MNO PQRSTU VW XYZ ( <=>? Japanese pregnant power cut power point practise: I want to practise my prawns ... prefer I prefer: poster poste restante post office potato chips pottery pound postcode ka? u dekiru- (na) ) shareta ) yubin ) boi ) minato shimasu ehagaki kano ninki no aruninki shozoga in hotel ) johin (na) ( restaurant noun: mail ) poto-wain ( for boats u butanik ( ) yuso ( verb people drink dake … dake could you post this for me? o tokan shite kore ka? kuremasen ./0123456 789:; as ... as possible !"#$%& '( ( )*+,- ( º»¼½¾ ¿ÀÁÂÃ is it possible to ...? ga dekimas … -koto ÄÅÆÇÈÉÊË !" ( ©ª«¬® ¯°± ²³´ µ¶¸¹ }~¡¢£ ¤¥ ¦§¨ postcard post possible porter portrait posh popular pork port RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 129 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 130 English prescription (for medicine) no problem! daijobu! shohosen #$%& ¤¥¦§ product seihin

➜ present (gift) purezento '(

Japanese ¨©ª«¬ program(me) (TV, radio) president (of country) daitoryo ban·gumi ®¯ )* (of company) shacho (theatre, computer) puroguramu °± +,-./ pretty kirei (na) promise: I promise yakusoku ²³´µ¶¸ shimasu it’s pretty expensive kanari 01234 takai desu pronounce: how is this ¹º»¼½¾¿ pronounced? kore wa do price nedan hatsu·on shimasu ka? ÀÁ 56789:;<= priest obo-san >?@ ABCDEFGHIJKL Pr ÂÃÄÅ properly (repaired, locked etc) (Shinto) kan·nushi-san chanto ÆÇÈÉ ABCD prime minister soridaijin protection factor fakuta ÊËÌÍ EFGHI printed matter insatsubutsu Protestant purotesutanto ÎÏÐ JKLMNOP prison keimusho public baths sento ÑÒÓ QR private shi-teki (na) public holiday saijitsu ÔÕÖ×Ø ST private bathroom sen·yo no public toilets koshubenjo basu-toire UVWX ÙÚÛÜÝÞßàá pull hikimasu probably osoraku YZ[\ âãäå puncture (noun) panku problem mondai ]^_ !" puppet nin·gyo 130 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 131 English `a quarantine ken·eki puppet show nin·gyo-geki ÊË bcd quarter (amount) yom-bun no

puppet theatre (Japanese ichi ➜

traditional) bunraku ÌÍÎÏ Japanese ef (time) ju-go-fun purple murasaki (no) ÐÑÒ ghijklm quayside: on the quayside purse (for money) saifu hatoba de nop ÓÔÕÖ (US: handbag) handobag·gu question shitsumon qrstuv !" push oshimasu queue (noun) gyoretsu wxyz #$ pushchair kuruma-isu quick hayai {|} %& put okimasu that was quick hayakat·ta ~¡¢£ desu ABCDEFGHIJKL Qu where can I put ...? … o '()*+, doko ni okimasho ka? what’s the quickest way ¤¥¦§¨©ª there? soko ni iku niwa nani «¬®¯° ga ichiban hayai desu ka? could you put us up for the -./01234 night? komban tomete 56789:;<= itadakemasen desho ka? >? ±²³´µ¶¸¹º fancy a quick drink? ip·pai »¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃ yat·te ikimasen ka? pyjamas pajama @ABCDEF ÄÅÆÇ GHIJK quickly hayaku Q LM quiet (place, hotel) shizuka (na) NOPQRS quality hinshitsu quiet! shizuka ni! ÈÉ TUVWX

131 desu te · ) ga i ) mezurashi tsuyu … ho desu ame ga fut ) fukidemono ame no naka de ame no razuberi ) fujoboko sashimi oto reink noun ) reya on skin kamisori for changing money uncommon ( ( ( ( nama (no) nezumi ogae-reto steak imasu CDE !"#$% &'( )*+,- nakanaka i ./012345 I’d rather ... 6789:;<= >?@AB raw fish µ¶¸¹ raining it’s º»¼½¾¿ÀÁ ÂÃ ÄÅÆÇÈÉ ÊËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒ ( ÓÔ ÕÖ×ØÙ ´ rain in the ry razor raspberry rat rate rather good rather: it’s raw rainy season raincoat rape rare rash to · taku · de ) raket mat ) resu ) keiba ) rajieta rajio de kanarisan taku tetsudo ) kanari of car ) ame teikiken ( tennis, squash tetsudo ) damboki ( fairly for horses rajio ( noun ( ) totemo ( in room for cars, runners very sono toriu des ¬® ¯°± ²³ ( ¢£¤ ¥¦§ on the radio ¨©ª« qr ( stu vwxy z{|}~¡ _`abcdefg hi quite a lot jklmnop YZ[ ( \]^ quite right that’s rail pass railway rain radio rail: by rail race racket radiator R quite

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLQu 132 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 132 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLRe 133 ka? desu ) tegoro osusume no ) furonto geikai uke ukets · ke de uke ukets odo ) rek prices etc o ) hont uke-gakari ukets ( in hotel teru-rampu ki ga tsukimasu ( ) kan saikin music ito resh ) furonto-gakari ( akai in hotel for guests polite interest (na) !" ÝÞ ßàá ( âãäåæ çèéêëì íîïðñòóôõ ö÷øùúûüýþ !"#$ ¹º»¼½¾¿À ÁÂÃÄÅÆ ÇÈÉÊËÌ ÍÎÏÐ ÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ ( ×ØÙ at reception ÚÛÜ ³´µ¶¸ ( … o oshiete kuremasen ka? … o oshiete kuremasen recommend ...? recommend red reception desk reception receptionist recognize could you recommend: record rear lights rear reasonable receipt recently reception ni ni itsu sore wa sore mada yoi moidesu honto ) honto? ni ka? mono (no) · ni-san-nichi-chu doubt ( ni sugoi desu ) denki-kamisori yoi ga dekita honto u yomimas hom electric dekimasu sumimasen ka? honto z{|}~¡¢£¤¥ great really that’s ¦§¨©ª«¬ ®¯°±² really? nopqr stuvwxy sorry I’m really TUVWXY you ready? are Z[\]^_`a yet I’m not ready bcdefghij klm FGHI ( JKLMNO PQRS of days dekimasu ga dekite imasen real really dialogue when will it be ready? in a couple it should be ready read ready RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 133 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG ga mo ka? u shuri u noun: of ( ) yoyak yoyak ka? a renta-k ) shuriu shimas te kuremasen ka? te kuremasen · o shite arimasu o shitai no desu verb o ) daihy ( u verb kurikaeshimasu u ( I have a reservation yoyak what name please? yes sir, kashikomarimashita, dochira-sama desu ichido it ÁÂÃÄÅ I’d like to make a reservation yoyak ¶¸¹º»¼½¾¿ À opqrs it? can you repair tuvwxyz{ |}~¡¢£ that? could you repeat ¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬ ®¯°± company ²³ ´µ jklmn dekimasu shimasu dialogue reserve repair repeat representative reservation rented car rented okane o ) yachin oboete ) ryokin oboete imasu go ) harai-modoshi · ) karimasu aka-wain rentaru (no) shukyo noun ka? for car, boat etc ( chiho uban ( noun: for apartment ( verb: car etc imasu ( `abc to rent defg hi I remember NOPQRST do you remember? UVWXYZ[\] ^_ torok @ABC DE oboete imasen FGHIJKLM +,-./012 3456789 :; kakitome-yubin de <=>? #$%& '()* refund? can I have a haraimodoshite kure-masen haraimodoshite ka? rental rent registration number registration religion remember I don’t remember: region mail by registered registered: red wine red refund

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLRe 134 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 134 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 135

dialogue ãäåæçèé English êëì can I reserve a table for return: a return to ... … made

tonight? teburu o no ofuku-kip·pu o ➜

komban yoyaku ichi-mai Japanese dekimasu ka? íîïðñòóô yes madam, for how many õö÷ people? hai, return ticket ofuku-kip·pu uketamawarimasu, !"#$ nam·mei-sama desu ka? reverse charge call for two futari desu korekuto-koru and for what time? ojikan %&'()*+ wa? reverse gear bak·ku-giya for eight o’clock hachiji ni ,-./0 onegai shimasu revolting fuyukai (na) and could I have your 1234567 name please? onamae o rib abarabone itadakemasu ka? 89:;< ABCDEFGHIJKL Ri rice (uncooked) kome rest: I need a rest hitoyasumi => sasete kudasai (boiled) gohan ÆÇÈÉÊËÌ ?@A ÍÎÏÐ (fried) chahan the rest of the group hoka BCDEF no hitotachi rich (person) kanemochi (no) ÑÒÓÔÕÖ× GHIJKL restaurant restoran (food) kot·teri shita ØÙÚÛÜ MNOPQR restaurant car shokudosha ridiculous bakageta ÝÞß STUV rest room toire right (correct) tadashi àáâ WXY retired: I’m retired watashi (not left) migi (no) wa teinen-taishoku Z[\] shimashita you were right anata no iu

135 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 136 English tori deshita ripe (fruit) jukushita ^_`abcdef ØÙÚ gÒV rip-off: it’s a rip-off! hogai na

➜ that’s right so desu nedan desu!

Japanese ijkl ÛÜÝÞßàáâ this can’t be right kon·na rip-off prices hogai na hazu wa nai desu nedan mnopqrst ãäåæç uv risky kiken (na) right here chodo koko de èéê wxyz{|} river kawa is this the right road for ...? ë …e iku niwa kono michi road michi de i desu ka? ì ~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨ is this the road for ...? kore ©ª«¬®¯ wa … e iku michi desu ka? on the right migi ni íîïðñòóô ABCDEFGHIJKL Ri °± !"#$ to the right migi e down the road konosaki ²³ %&'( turn right migi e magat·te road map dorochizu kudasai )*+, ´µ¶¸¹º»¼ roadsign doro-hyoshiki ½¾ -./0 right-hand drive migi- rob: I’ve been robbed goto ni handoru (no) osowaremashita ¿ÀÁÂÃ 1234567 ring (on finger) yubiwa 89: ÄÅÆ rock iwa I’ll ring you atode denwa ; shimasu (music) rok·ku ÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎ <=> ring back orikaeshi denwa on the rocks (whisky) shimasu on-za-rok·ku de ÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ× ?@ABCD

136 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 137 English roll (bread) rorupan }~¡¢£¤¥¦§ EFGHI ¨©ª«¬® roof (of house) yane rubber (material) gomu

JK ¯° ➜

(of car) rufu (eraser) keshigomu Japanese LMN ±²³´ room heya rubber band wagomu OP µ¶¸ in my room watashi no heya rubbish (waste) gomi de ¹º QRSTU (poor quality goods) garakuta room service rumu-sabisu »¼½¾ VWXYZ[\ rubbish! (nonsense) rope ropu bakabakashi! ]^_ ¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅ rosé (wine) roze rucksack ryuk·ku-sak·ku `a ÆÇÈÉÊËÌ roughly (approximately) daitai rude shitsurei (na) ABCDEFGHIJKL Ru bcde ÍÎÏÐÑ round: it’s my round watashi ruins iseki no ban desu ÒÓ fghij rum ramu-shu round-trip ticket ÔÕÖ ofuku-kip·pu rum and Coke® ramu-shu klmn no kora-wari a round-trip ticket to ... ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞß … made no ofuku-kip·pu run (verb: person) hashirimasu o ichi-mai !"#$ opqrstuv I’ve run out of money okane wxy ga soko o tsukimashita route ikikata %&'()*+ z{| ,-. what’s the best route? dore rush hour ras·shu-awa ga ichiban i ikikata desu /012345 ka?

137 onaji kudasai chi kore to kore · ¨©ª«¬ hitotsu E katatenabe sandoit napukin obi Doy soseji sandaru ) geta ukezara sauna sosu suna obi chi demo onaji desu chi demo onaji · wooden !"# ÃÄÅÆÇÈ seiri-yo ÉÊËÌÍÎÏ Ð ÑÒÓ ÔÕÖ ×ØÙÚ !"# }~¡¢£¤ please the same again, ¥¦§ ®¯° to me all the same it’s dot ±²³´µ¶¸¹º »¼ ½¾¿À ( ÁÂ {| as this the same onaji no onaji no o mo sausage sanitary napkins/towels sash Saturday sauce saucepan saucer sauna sand sandals sandwich shingu · onaji dores kuri uman · ) safubodo ) sadoru uridashi-chu uindosafingu tok noun anzen-pin serus sakazuki ( for bike sake ) anzen (na) ( seringu sarada adj ( kanashi shio qrstuv wx yz cde salad dressing fghijk lmnop LMNOPQRS TU VWXYZ [\]^ _`ab :;< =>?@A BCDE FGHIJK 6789 salmon salt same: the same salad sale: for sale salesman sailing sake bottle sake cup safe safety pin sailboard sailboarding S sad saddle

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLSa 138 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 138 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLSe 139 u torando · iri-tamago kaigan-zoi ni torando obu ) by · epu serot chi-uisuki · watashi wa watashi u ) kakejik ) Sukot umibe de Sukot adj shifudo ( kaigan-zoi sukuta Japanese torando-jin des Sukot ( · hanging ) makimono ( umi rolled on the seafront on the seafront äåæçè ÆÇÈÉÊ ËÌÍÎ ÏÐÑÒ ( ÓÔÕÖ × by the sea ØÙÚ ÛÜÝÞß àáâã stuvw xyz{|}~¡¢ £¤¥¦§ ¨©ª«¬® ¯°±²³´µ ¶¸¹ I’m Scottish º»¼½¾¿ÀÁÂ ÃÄÅ pqr (no) Sukot screen screen scroll sea seafood seafront scotch Scotch tape® Scotland Scottish scrambled eggs scooter o kare wa kare ka? teikibin te kuremasen · Nihon-go de … Nihon-go de kanojo wa … to kanojo wa uhy ) jikok ko · yotei keshiki u ) imas gak sukafu ichido it verb ( US: timetable u o nan te imas imashita ka? klm no hasami _`ab cde fg ( hij FGHIJKL MNO could you say that again? mo PQRSTUVW XYZ[\]^ -./01234 56789: say? what did he ;<=>?@ABC DE she said ... $%&'( )*+, say ... in how do you Japanese? ita ka? nan te imash scheduled flight school scissors: a pair of scissors scenery schedule scarf say RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 139 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG kesa desu … o ) … wa u ko (no) chuko san-kai serufu-sabisu epu serot mite mo i ja, mata! hisho ka? I understand ( okurimas mimasu urimasu ) ni-kai US kare ni aimashita kare ÎÏÐÑÒ §¨©ª«¬®¯ see you! °±²³´µ I see ¶¸¹º »¼½¾¿ÀÁ ÂÃÄÅ do you sell ...? ÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍ fghij kl ( mn op qrs can I see? tuvwxyz{| have you seen ...? }~¡¢£¤¥¦ I saw him this morning cde arimasu ka? naruhodo mimashita ka? send self-service sell Sellotape® second floor secretary see second-hand fune ni ka? me (no) ) to · · kono seki kono hanko chot train etc funayoi suru funayoi ( te imasu · u ) sagashimas ) ni-bam hempi (na) kaiso shito-beruto adj verb ( ( o ) by te kudasai! seki · of time ita yoimash wa fusagat wa mat just a second! XYZ[\]^_` ab IJ KLMNOP QRSTUV ( W 4 is this seat taken? 56789:;< =>?@AB CDEFGH !"#$%&' I get seasick ()*+,-./0 kaigan de 123 éêë ìíîïð tachi desu futsuseki second class secluded second seat belt seaweed seaside: by the seaside seat seal: personal seal seal: personal search seasick seasick: I feel

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLSe 140 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 140 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLSh 141 to it’s a it’s ( hikage shampu kireru ) aibeya ni ) aibeya ) shampu (na) ) asai u ) yok noun ( nen! water · kusu ( · denki-kamisori knife verb: room ( ( ) aiseki shimasu sekushi ) surudoi u nuimas to sek ) zan · table pain set ¶¸¹º»¼ mno pqrst shampoo and set uvwxyz{|} ~¡¢£¤¥¦§ ( ¨©ª«¬ ®¯°± ( ²³´µ could you sew this back on? you sew this could ukete nuits o kore ka? kuremasen MNOPQRST UVWXYZ[ \]^_ `abcdef ghij kl IJKL pity narimasu ni shaver shampoo share sharp sex sexy shade: in the shade shallow shame: what a shame! sew ) (no) ) u kyo-ch · ni okuritai in restaurant ) judai (na) ( ni pay, travel u Kugats ( teishoku ga betsubetsu napukin problem ikutsuka (no) ( ) majime (na) ) omoi illness person sabisu-ryo betsubetsu <=>? @A BCDEFGH )*+,-. /0123 gasorin-sutando 456789:; desu õö÷øù úû !"#$% ( &'( ( çèéêëìí bek wa watashi îïðñòóô ÓÔÕÖ to England to send this I want Igiris o kore u no desu ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞ ßàáâãäåæ serviette set menu several service charge service station September serious separate separated separated: I’m separately RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 141 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG soku · is himo · kutsu shouindo kutsunaoshi kutsuzumi ) mijikai ) se no hikui ) umibe kutsu hidoi … de kanden … de ) kishibe of sea pingu-senta person ( · ( mise kutsu time, journey of lake ( mnop kaimono ni ikimasu LMNOPQR shop STUVWXYZ [\ ]^_`abcd ef ( gh ijkl -./01234 567 89 a pair of shoes :;<= >?@A BCDE FGHIJ K I got an electric shock from from electric shock I got an the ... ita shimash shopping: I’m going shopping shopping centre shop window shore short shocking shoe shoelaces shoe polish shoe repairer shop (no) ku · u-fomu shebing kanojo wa ) shitsu ) shok Shinto ) Shinto kai fune de adj ka? noun ( sheri for bed ( ( tana shatsu kanojo kuso! fune #$% &'( )*+, çèéêë ìí î by ship !" ÝÞß àá â ãäåæ ÇÈÉÊËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔ is she here? ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜ ½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅ Æ denki-kamisori-yo konsento imasu shirt shit! shock Shintoism ship shelf shellfish sherry Shinto she* sheet shaving foam shaving shaving point

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLSh 142 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 142 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLSi 143 ) ka? ta · vomit ( kagi o te imasu koko wa itsu · a ) shaw ) shat ka? a-tsuki shaw shimat bodi-sopu ) amado damare! ) shimemasu in bathroom on camera ( ( jinja ) niwaka-ame oki (no) ) by verb ill ( ( on window of rain rstuv I’m going to be sick LMNOPQRST shut they’re UVWXYZ[ I’ve shut myself out \]^_`ab cde shut up! fghi jklmn ( opq ( %&'( with shower )*+,-./01 2345678 9: ;<=> when do you shut? ?@ABCDE FGHIJK when does it shut? !"#$ shimarimasu ita naka ni wasuremash nanji ni shimarimasu (no) shutter sick shower gel shrine shut shower shower do ga i kare misete te kuru … -nai ho · … -ta ho ) sho u ) sakebimas modot desho? kata chikamichi ) oshiete kuremasen verb pantsu in theatre ( ( desu direction ÑÒÓÔÕÖ×Ø ÙÚ ( ÛÜÝÞßàáâã äå ÇÈ ÉÊËÌÍ ÎÏÐ could you show me? ®¯°±²³´µ¶ ¸¹ he should be back soon º»¼½¾¿À ÁÂÃÄÅÆ vwxyz{| }~¡¢£ you should ... ¤¥¦§¨©ª« ¬ ... you shouldn’t qr stu ka? kuremasen ka? kuremasen ga i hazu desu shitara i wa sugu wa desu shout show shoulder shortcut shorts should I do? should: what RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 143 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG do · senshu … made ) ane o guru koko ni kite ni koko (na) · pu pu gaporu guru-bed · · · · ) nagashi shin ) kantan (na) ) kantan watashi wa watashi shin Shin easy onaji yo onaji ( elder: own one’s kashu ( in kitchen utaimasu ( K )*+,-./01 2 I’m single 345678 9:;<=>? @ABC katamichi-kip DEFG HIJ ØÙÚÛÜÝÞ ßàáâ since I got here ãäåæçèé êëìí !"#$%& '( ÓÔÕÖ× irai dokushin desu kara katamichi-kip ichi-mai sister single bed single room single ticket sink simple simple last week since: since sing Singapore singer single: a single to ... similar o de … no ni hodo kankoryok kanko wakimichi ) gin shomei hodo oshiki ) hy desu noun ( kamban yoko baka (na) kinu roadsign ËÌ ÍÎÏÐÑ Ò ÁÂÃÄ ÅÆ ( ÇÈ ÉÊ °±²³ ´µ¶¸¹º»¼½ ¾¿À ¡¢£¤¥¦§ ¨©ª «¬ on the sidewalk ®¯ hakiso wxyz{| }~ of the street the other side toriogawa no muk sightseeing meisho dekakeru tsumoridekakeru desu silk silly silver sign signature sightseeing: we’re going sightseeing: we’re sightseeing tour side street sidewalk sight: the sights of ... side

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLSi 144 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 144 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLSl 145 u u u yok yak · to · ) suraido ) pa · nebukuro mot shindaisha suimin kosobiru ) nemurimas on train surip suberiyasui ( yaseta sode verb photographic ( kuri! osoi ( sukato · sora shindaisha ./012345 Ö×Ø ÙÚÛ ÜÝ Þßàá !"#$ %&'()* +,- slow down! »¼½¾ ¿ ÀÁÂÃ ÄÅÆÇ did you sleep well? ÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐ ÑÒÓ ÔÕ ¸¹º ita ka? nemuremash yuk sleeping car sleeping pill sleeve slide slippers slippery slow skirt sky skyscraper sleep sleeper sleeping bag skinny ) koko te · ka? koko ni ) giri no ) imoto desu ) giri no ) giri no ) one-san ) imoto-san elder: own one’s ( osuwari kudasai suwarimasu ka? te mo i · hifu saizu someone else’s someone else’s younger: own one’s someone else’s someone younger: own one’s someone else’s giri no ane suwat sit down «¬®¯°± ²³´ µ¶ is anyone sitting here? vwxyz{|}~ ¡¢£¤¥¦ §¨©ª _`ab ( cdefgh ijklmnopq rstu TUVW ( XYZ[\]^ ( ( LMNO ( P ( QRS imoto one-san imoto-san ni wa dare ka suwat dare ni wa imasu size skin sit down sit: can I sit here? sister-in-law sister-in-law RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 145 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 146 English slowly yuk·kuri §¨©ª«¬® 6789 so: it’s so good totemo i desu very slowly unto yuk·kuri ¯°±²³´µ

➜ :;<=>?@ it’s so expensive totemo

Japanese small chisai takai desu ABCD ¶¸¹º»¼½ smell: it smells (smells bad) not so much son·na ni nioimasu ne takusan ja naku EFGHIJ ¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅ smile (verb) hohoemimasu ÆÇÈÉ KLMNOP not so bad son·na ni smoke (noun) kemuri waruku nai QRS ÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑ do you mind if I smoke? so am I watashi mo so desu tabako o sut·te mo i desu ÒÓÔÕÖ× ka? so do I watashi mo so desu TUVWXYZ[ ØÙÚÛÜÝ ABCDEFGHIJKL Sl \]^_`a so-so mama desu I don’t smoke tabako wa Þßàáâã suimasen soaking solution (for contact bcdefghij lenses) hozon·eki do you smoke? tabako o äåæ suimasu ka? soap sek·ken klmnopqr çèéê st soap powder kona-sek·ken snack: just a snack chot·to ëìíîï oyatsu sober shirafu (no) uvwxyz{ ðñòóôõ sneeze (noun) kushami o sock sok·kusu shimasu ö÷øù |}~¡¢£¤¥ socket (electrical) soket·to snow yuki úûüý ¦ soda (water) soda-sui it’s snowing yuki ga fut·te þ !"# imasu sofa sofa

146 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 147 English $%&' sometimes tokidoki soft (material etc) yawarakai |}~¡ !"#$% somewhere doko ka

soft-boiled egg ¢£¤ ➜

hanjuku-tamago son (one’s own) musuko Japanese &'()* ¥¦ soft drink sofuto-dorinku (someone else’s) musuko-san +,-./01 §¨©ª soft lenses sofuto-kontakuto song uta 23456789 « sole (of shoe) kutsu no soko son-in-law (one’s own) giri no :;<= musuko (of foot) ashi no ura ¬®¯° >?@ (someone else’s) giri no could you put new soles on musuko-san these? kutsu no soko o ±²³´µ¶¸ harikaete kuremasen ka? soon sugu ABCDEFGHI ¹º ABCDEFGHIJKL So JKLMNOPQ I’ll be back soon sugu some: can I have some modot·te kimasu water/apples? mizu/rin·go »¼½¾¿ÀÁÂ o sukoshi moraemasu ka? as soon as possible RSTUVWXYZ narubeku hayaku [\]^_`a ÃÄÅÆÇÈÉ can I have some? sukoshi sore: it’s sore itai desu morat·te mo i desu ka? ÊËÌÍ bcdefgh sore throat nodo no itami ijklmno ÎÏÐÑÒ somebody, someone dare ka I’ve got a sore throat nodo pqr ga itai desu something nani ka ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙ st sorry: (I’m) sorry domo something to eat nani ka sumimasen taberu mono ÚÛÜÝÞßàá uvwxyz{ sorry? (didn’t understand) nante

147 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 148 English imashita ka? Spanish (adj) Supein (no) âãäåæçèéê HIJKLMN sort: what sort of ...? dono spare tyre yobi no taiya

➜ yona …? OPQRST

Japanese ëìíîïðñ speak: do you speak English? soup supu Eigo o hanasemasu ka? òóô UVWXYZ[\] sour (taste) sup·pai I don’t speak ... … wa õö÷ø hanasemasen south minami ^_`abcd ù in the south minami ni dialogue úû South Africa can I speak to Yoko? Minami-Afurika Yoko-san wa !"#$% iras·shaimasu ka? South African (adj) who’s calling? ABCDEFGHIJKL So Minami-Afurika (no) dochira-sama desu ka? &'()*+,- it’s Patricia Patricia desu I’m South African watashi wa I’m sorry, Yoko’s not in, Minami-Afurika-jin desu can I take a message? ./012345 moshiwake arimasen ga, 67 Yoko wa ima rusu ni southeast nanto shite orimasu, nani ka 89 den·gon wa arimasu ka? South Korea Kankoku no thanks, I’ll call back :; later ie, kek·ko desu, southwest nansei atode kakenaoshimasu <= please tell her Patricia souvenir omiyage called kanojo ni Patricia >?@A kara denwa ga at·ta to soya milk tonyu otsutae kudasai BC Spain Supein spectacles megane DEFG efg

148 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 149 English speed limit sokudoseigen kit·te o kudasai hijk what are you sending? spend okane o tsukaimasu nani o yuso saremasu ka?

lmnopqrs this postcard kono hagaki ➜

spider kumo desu Japanese tu spin-dryer das·suiki standby kyanseru-machi vwx ÁÂÃÄÅÆÇ spoon spun star hoshi yz{| ÈÉ sport spotsu (in film) suta }~¡¢ ÊËÌ sprain: I’ve sprained my ... … start (noun) sutato o kujiite shimaimashita ÍÎÏÐ £¤¥¦§¨©ª« (verb) hajimemasu ¬® ÑÒÓÔ spring (season) haru when does it start? itsu ¯ hajimarimasu ka? ABCDEFGHIJKL St (of car, seat) spuringu ÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝ °±²³´ the car won’t start kuruma in the spring haru ni no enjin ga kakarimasen µ¶ !"#$%&'() square (in town) hiroba *+,- ¸¹ starter (of car) shidoki stairs kaidan ./0 º» (food) zensai stale furui 12 ¼½¾ station eki stamp (noun) kit·te 3 ¿À statue zo 4 dialogue stay: where are you staying? doko ni tomat·te imasu ka? a stamp for England, 56789:;< please Igirisu made no =>?@

149 ka? sugu · hachi … no to taxi driver mas ( kingu ita fukutsu · ) storeto ugokanaide ) ishi stok de tomarimasu keiyu onaka ) tomarimasu whisky yamete kudasai! yamete ( !"#$%& rock arashi ( verb ( ) koko de tomete kudasai ) koko ¿ÀÁ $%&'( straight ahead it’s please, stop here please, stop here çèéêëìíî ïð do you stop near ...? ñòóôõö÷ø ùúûü stop it! ýþ '( !"# ÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉ ÊËÌ ÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕ Ö×ØÙÚÛ ÜÝÞ ßà á âãäåæ keep still! chikaku etc ni sasaremash kudasai! stopover storm straight sting: I’ve been stung sting: I’ve been stockings stomach stomach ache stone stop ka? shitai to kaidan de i … ni mada koko kare wa kare ) schuwado schuwadesu ) hai, ni-haku on plane ) kewash ita o nusumaremash ( Igirisu-pondo u te imas mo · hill ( steki u nusumimas gu · on the phone omoimasu mada soko ni imasu mada soko ( ®¯°±²³´ is he still there? µ¶¸¹º»¼½¾ wxyz{| }~¡¢£¤¥ ¦§¨©ª«¬ _`abcde fgh ijkl mno pqrstuv JKLMNOPQR STUV WXYZ [\]^ my bag has been stolen bag I’m staying at ... I’m staying ABCDEFGHI another two I’d like to stay nights ni imasu tomat moshi-moshi steward steward stewardess still: I’m still here steep step: on the steps sterling steak steal

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLSt 150 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 150 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 151

it·ta tokoro desu shimaimashita English )*+,-./01 lmnopqr 234 stu

straightaway sugu ni student gakusei ➜

567 vw Japanese strange (odd) hen (na) stupid baka (na) 89:;< xyz{| stranger shiranai hito suburb kogai =>?@AB }~ I’m a stranger here koko wa subway (US: railway) hajimete desu chikatetsu CDEFGHIJ ¡¢£ strap (on watch) bando suddenly totsuzen ni KLM ¤¥¦ (on dress, suitcase) storap·pu suede suedo NOPQR §¨©ª strawberry ichigo sugar sato STU «¬ ABCDEFGHIJKL Su straw mat tatami suit (noun) sutsu VWX ®¯° stream kawa it doesn’t suit me (jacket etc) Y watashi niwa niaimasen street tori ±²³´µ¶¸¹º Z[ it suits you yoku niaimasu on the street tori de »¼½¾¿ÀÁ \]^ suitcase sutsukesu streetmap dorochizu ÂÃÄÅÆÇ _`ab summer natsu string himo È cd in the summer natsu ni strong tsuyoi ÉÊ efg sumo wrestling sumo stuck tsukaeta ËÌÍ hijk sun taiyo it’s stuck tsukaete ÎÏ

151 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 152 English in the sun hinata de super sugoi !"#$ ghi out of the sun hikage de supermarket supa

➜ %&'( jklm

Japanese sunbathe nik·koyoku supper yushoku )*+ no sunblock (cream) supplement (extra charge) hiyake-dome tsuikaryokin ,-./0 pqrs sunburn hiyake supply (noun) takuwae 123 tuvw sunburnt hiyake shita (verb) chotatsu shimasu 45678 xyz{| Sunday Nichiyobi sure: are you sure? tashika 9:; desu ka? sunglasses san·gurasu }~¡¢£¤¥ <=>?@ sure! mochiron! ABCDEFGHIJKL Su sunny: it’s sunny harete imasu ¦§¨©ª ABCDEF surface mail sarubin sunset nichibotsu «¬ GH surname myoji sunshade hiyoke ®¯ IJK sweater seta sunshine nik·ko °±²³ LM sweatshirt torena sunstroke nis·shabyo ´µ¶¸¹ NOP Sweden Sueden suntan hiyake º»¼½¾¿ QRS Swedish (adj) Sueden (no) suntan lotion santan-roshon ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈ TUVWXYZ[\ sweet (adj: taste) amai suntanned hi ni yaketa ÉÊË ]^_`a sweets kyandi suntan oil san-oiru ÌÍÎÏÐÑ bcdef swelling hare

152 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 153

ÒÓ seki English swim (verb) oyogimasu STUVW ÔÕÖ× tablecloth teburu-

I’m going for a swim oyogi ni kurosu ➜

ikimasu XYZ[\]^ Japanese !"#$%&' table tennis tak·kyu let’s go for a swim oyogi ni _` ikimasho table wine teburu-wain ()*+,-./0 abcdefg swimming costume mizugi tailor shinshifuku-ten 12 hijk swimming pool puru Taiwan Taiwan 345 lm swimming trunks mizugi take (verb: lead a person) tsurete 67 ikimasu switch (noun) suit·chi nopqrst 89:; (object) mot·te ikimasu switch off (engine) uvwxyz{ ABCDEFGHIJKL tomemasu (accept) torimasu <=>? |}~¡ (TV, lights) keshimasu can you take me to the ...? @ABC … made tsurete it·te switch on (engine) kakemasu kuremasen ka? DEFG ¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª (TV, lights) tsukemasu «¬®¯°± Ta HIJK do you take credit cards? swollen hareta kurejit·to-kado wa LMN tsukaemasu ka? ²³´µ¶¸¹º» T ¼½¾¿ÀÁÂ fine, I’ll take it ja, sore ni shimasu table teburu ÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊË OPQR can I take this? (leaflet etc) a table for two futari-bun no kore o morat·te mo i 153 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 154 English desu ka? tan (noun) hiyake ÌÍÎÏÐÑÒ JKL ÓÔÕÖ×ØÙ to get a tan hiyake shimasu

➜ how long does it take? jikan MNOPQR

Japanese wa dono kurai kakarimasu tap jaguchi ka? STU ÚÛÜÝÞßàáâ tape (cassette) tepu ãäåæçè VWX it takes three hours san-jikan taste (noun) aji kakarimasu Y éêëìíîïð can I taste it? ajimi shite mo is this seat taken? kono seki i desu ka? wa fusagat·te imasu ka? Z[\]^_`ab ñòóôõö÷ø cd ùúûüýþ taxi takushi hamburger to take away efgh hambaga o teiku·auto de will you get me a taxi? ABCDEFGHIJKL !"#$%&'() takushi o yonde kuremasen *+,-! ka? can you take a little off here? ijklmnopq (to hairdresser) koko o mo rstuvw sukoshi kit·te kuremasen ka? where can I find a taxi? doko "#$%&'()*+ de takushi o ,-./0123 tsukamaeraremasu ka? Ta talcum powder xyz{|}~¡¢ tarukam-pauda £¤¥¦§¨©ª« 456789:; talk (verb) hanashimasu dialogue <=>? tall (person) se ga takai to the airport/to the ... @ABC Hotel, please kuko/… (building) takai hoteru made, onegai DE shimasu tampons tampon how much will it be? ikura FGHI kurai kakarimasu ka?

154 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 155 English about 2,500 yen daitai ni- ðñòóôõö÷ø sen-go-hyaku-en desu telephone denwa that’s fine right here, !"

thanks sumimasen, koko see phone ➜

de oroshite kudasai television terebi Japanese !"# taxi-driver takushi no tell: could you tell him ...? kare untenshu ni … to tsutaete kuremasen ¬®¯°±²³ ka? taxi rank takushi-noriba $%&'()*+, ´µ¶¸¹º» -./01 tea (drink) kocha temperature (weather) kion ¼½ 23 green tea ocha (fever) netsu ¾¿ 45 tea for one/two please kocha temple (Buddhist) otera o hitotsu/futatsu kudasai 67 ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈ tent tento ABCDEFGHIJKL ÉÊËÌÍ 89: teabags tibag·gu term (at university, school) gak·ki ÎÏÐÑÒÓ ;< teach: could you teach me? terminus (rail) shuten oshiete kuremasen ka? => ÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝ terrible hidoi teacher sensei ?@A Th Þß text (message) ketai meru teahouse kis·sa-ten ÅÆpqr àáâ terrific subarashi team chimu BCDEF ãäå than … yorimo teaspoon tisupun GHIJ æçèéêëì smaller than ... … yorimo tea towel fukin chisai íîï KLMNOPQR teenager tin·eija thank: thank you, thanks 155 u ka? – sho ni · ) sono tori dare desu dare ) karera no ) karera ) sore u suteki des karera/ u … des wa sore karera/kanojotachi that’s right that’s karera/kanojotachi male ( ( gekijo things ) kanojotachi (o) ) kanojotachi no ( ) karera (o) ) karera sono male female female kanojotachi to is who? – them ( !"#$% ( &'()*+, for them -./01234 567 with them 89:;<=> ?@AB to them CDEFGHIJ is that ...? is that ¹º»¼½¾¿À it that’s ÁÂÃÄÅÆÇ ÈÉ ÊË ÌÍÎ ( ÏÐÑÒÓ !" that’s nice that’s ³´µ¶¸ ni ka? no tame ni desu karera/kanojotachi des karera/kanojotachi the* theatre their(s)* them* desu honto desu ko nosete · ) sore … -tara i gozaimasu ) are ) are ) ano ie kek ) sore nearby ) sono o ( arigato itashimashite o nearby ( thanks mention it OK, don’t that’s ie, d further away further away adj: nearby further away kurete arigatkurete o ¦§ ( ¨© I hope that ... ª«¬®¯°±² ( ~¡ ( ¢£ ( ¤¥ that one |} thanks for the lift thanks for the ghijklmn opq no thanks rstuvwxy z{ arigato STUVW you very much thank XYZ[\]^_` abcdef ni arigat ne dialogue that

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLTh 156 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 156 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLTh 157 sore ni sore wa gaete · ) sorera watashi no watashi watashi wa so wa watashi ) yaseta gaemasu · ) kanojotachi ) nibui ) usui things mono momo ( kan ) karera atsui person o dorob ( male female stupid object I’ll think about it ßà my things áâãä !"#$ I think so %&'()*+,- so think I don’t so wa watashi omoimasen ./012345 678 ( ÈÉ ( ÊËÌÍ ÎÏ ( ÐÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ ×Ø ÙÚÛ ( ÜÝÞ ÅÆÇ tsuite wa kan tsuite wa u shibuts omoimasu thing think thick thief thigh thin they* ni o mahobin giving ) sono toki ) sono ( kore ga ki ni kore … ga arimasu ga arimasu … ga arimasu muk … ga arimasu asoko ni asoko ) hai, dozo ) sore kara ) sore korera soko de soko at that time ( ) kono adj after that something irimashita ( ¹º I’d like these »¼½¾¿ÀÁÂÃ Ä there you are you are there «¬®¯° ±²³´ µ¶¸ mnopqrst ...? there are uvwxyz{| is ... there }~¡¢£¤ ... are there ¥¦§¨©ª bcd over there efgh up there ijkl ...? is there KLMNOPQ RSTUVWXYZ [\] ( ^_`a ka? ka? Thermos® flask these* there then RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 157 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 158 English okimasu through tot·te 9:;<=>?@A ¢£¤ BCDEF does it go through ...? (train,

➜ third party insurance bus) … o torimasu ka?

Japanese daisansha-hoken ¥¦§¨©ª«¬ GHIJK throw (verb) nagemasu thirsty: I’m thirsty nodo ga ®¯° kawakimashita throw away sutemasu LMNOPQRST ±²³´ this kore thumb oya-yubi UV µ¶¸¹ (adj) kono thunderstorm rai-u WX º» this one kore Thursday Moku·yobi YZ ±²³ this is my wife watashi no ticket ken tsuma desu ¼ ABCDEFGHIJKL [\]^_ (for transport) kip·pu is this ...? kore wa … desu ½¾ ka? `abcdefg dialogue those arera hij a return to Sendai Sendai (adj) ano made ofuku-kip·p o Th kl ichi-mai which ones? – those dore coming back when? kaeri desu ka? – are desu wa itsu desu ka? mnopqrstu today/next Tuesday vw kyo/tsugi no Kayobi thread (noun) ito desu xy that will be 13,000 yen throat nodo ichi-man-san-zen-en ni z{ narimasu throat pastilles torochi |}~¡ ticket office kip·pu-uriba 158 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 159 English ¿ÀÁÂÃ I’m tired tsukaremashita tie (necktie) nekutai >?@ABC ÄÅÆÇ tissues tis·shu

tight (clothes etc) kitsui DEFGH ➜

ÈÉÊ to: to Tokyo/London Tokyo/ Japanese it’s too tight kitsu·sugimasu Rondon e ËÌÍÎÏÐ IJKLMNOP tights panti-sutok·kingu to Japan/Britain nip·pon/ ÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙ Igirisu e ÚÛ QRSTUVWX time* jikan to the post office yubin- ÜÝ kyoku e what’s the time? ima nanji YZ[\ desu ka? toast (bread) tosuto Þßàáâãäå ]^_` this time konkai today kyo !" abc last time zenkai toe tsumasaki ABCDEFGHIJKL #$ defg next time kondo together is·sho ni %& hij three times san-kai we’re together (in shop etc) '( is·sho desu timetable jikokuhyo klmn )*+ toilet toire To tin (can) kan opq , where is the toilet? toire wa tin-opener kankiri doko desu ka? -./ rstuvwxy tiny totemo chisai z{ 0123456 I have to go to the toilet tip (to waiter etc) chip·pu toire ni ikitai no 789 desu ga tired tsukareta |}~¡¢£¤¥¦ :;<= §¨©

159 e … no ka? … no ue ni pen ni · u pures u okyak naijo haburashi · hamigakiko tep … no ho · gaido ) tsua saijokai top ryok taoru kaichudento ga arimasu machi noun gokei ( tsua qrs RST a tour of ...? is there UVWXYZ[\ ]^_` abc def kanko-an ghijk lmnop 2345 6789: ;<=> at the top ?@ABC DEF GHIJK LMNO PQ 01 town tour guide tourist tourist information office ... towards towel toothpaste ... top: on top of top floor topless torch total tour toothbrush a t pu o · u ashita no ku- · a to-pep · kechap ) … sugimasu tonik toiret osugimasu haita -wan Tokyo ashita atsu-sugimasu watashi mo watashi tomato komban shita ha te ) mo excessively · ( also asa ()*+, me too -. / ×ØÙÚÛ ( ! too hot "#$%&' too much asat ÇÈÉÊ Ë ÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔ ÕÖ º»¼½¾ ¿ÀÁ morningtomorrow ÂÃÄÅÆ the day after tomorrow ª«¬®¯°±² ³´µ ¶¸¹ tooth toothache too tongue tonic (water) tonight tomato ketchup tomorrow toilet paper Bay Tokyo tomato

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLTo 160 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 160 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLTr 161 to · shimasu u usha desu u no yak · sa, chot o yak ka? · yak shite · ) sunika shimasu eki hon ) gomi o hon gomibako hon shoes ( to-homu ie, muk · waste ryok ( romendensha wakarimasen is this the train for Otaru? the train for is this Otaru-iki no wa kore densha desu I am not sure that platform no, you want there purat NOPQR around travelling we’re 23456 could you translate that? u o yak sore ka? kuremasen 789:;<=> ?@ABC DE FGH IJ KLM ()*+, - ./01 translation translator trash trashcan travel trainers train station tram translate dialogue ka? go ichi desu · · t(o)-sutsu · ) hankagai shin dento-teki (na) jutai mihon suet densha de machi de machi to-homu to-homu platform kotsu · · ( densha omocha purat !" #$ by train %&' ÉÊËÌÍÎ ÏÐ ÑÒ Nara-iki wa dono Nara-iki wa purat ¬®¯°±²³ ´µ¶¸¹º»¼½¾ ¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅ ÆÇÈ |}~ ¡¢£¤ ¥¦§¨©ª« which track is it for Nara? t in town uv just out of town machihazure wxyz{ train traditional traffic jam traffic lights traffic tracksuit trade fair town centre toy track RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 161 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 162

English achikochi ryoko shite kato imasu ÎÏÐÑÒÓ STUVWXYZ trouble (noun) yak·kaigoto

➜ [\] ÔÕÖ×ØÙ

Japanese travel agent’s ryokogaisha I’m having trouble with ... ^_`a … de komat·te imasu traveller’s cheque ÚÛÜÝÞßàá traberazu-chek·ku trousers zubon bcdefghij âãä k true honto (no) do you take traveller’s åæçèéêë cheques? traberazu-chek·ku that’s not true sore wa wa tsukaemasu ka? honto ja arimasen lmnopqrst ìíîïðñòóô uvwxyz{|} õö÷øù tray obon trunk (US: of car) toranku ~¡¢ !"#$ ABCDEFGHIJKL tree ki trunks (swimming) mizugi £ %& tremendous sugoi try (verb) tameshimasu ¤¥¦ '()* trendy oshare (na) can I try it? (food) ajimi shite §¨©ª«¬ mo i desu ka? trim: just a trim, please (to +,-./0123 Tr hairdresser) kesaki o soroeru 45 teido ni onegai shimasu (at doing something) yat·te mite ®¯°±²³´µ¶ mo i desu ka? ¸¹º»¼½¾ 6789:;<= trip (excursion) kankoryoko >?@A ¿ÀÁÂ try on shichaku shimasu I’d like to go on a trip to ... BCDEF … o ryoko shite mitai desu can I try it on? shichaku ÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊË shite mo i desu ka? ÌÍ GHIJKLMNO trolley (for luggage) nimotsu-yo PQ

162 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 163 English T-shirt ti-shatsu twice as much ni-bai RSTU ¾¿ Tuesday Kayobi twin beds tsuin-bed·do

VWX ÀÁÂÃÄÅ ➜

tuna maguro twin room tsuin Japanese YZ[ ÆÇÈ tunnel ton·neru twist: I’ve twisted my ankle \]^_ ashikubi o kujiite turn: turn left/right shimaimashita hidari/migi e magat·te ÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐ kudasai ÑÒÓÔÕ `abcdefg type (noun) shurui hijk Ö× turn off: where do I turn off? another type of ... betsu no doko de magarimasu ka? shurui no … lmnopqrs ØÙÚÛÜÝ tu typhoon taifu can you turn the heating off? Þß ABCDEFGHIJKL Um dambo o kit·te kuremasen typical (dish etc) daihyo-teki ka? (na) vwxyz{|} àáâãäå ~¡¢£¤ tyre taiya turn on: can you turn the æçè heating on? dambo o tsukete kuremasen ka? ¥¦§¨©ª«¬ U ®¯°± turning (in road) magarikado ugly minikui ²³´ éêëì TV terebi UK Igirisu µ¶¸ !"#$ tweezers kenuki ulcer kaiyo ¹º» %&'( twice ni-kai umbrella kasa ¼½ )*

163 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 164 English uncle (one’s own) oji university daigaku +, lm (someone else’s) oji-san unleaded petrol

➜ -./0 muen-gasorin

Japanese unconscious muishiki (no) nopqrs 123456 unlimited mileage under (in position) … no shita sokokyori-museigen ni tuvwxyz 789:; unlock kagi o akemasu (less than) … ika {|}~¡¢£ <=> unpack nihodoki shimasu underdone (meat) namayake ¤¥¦§¨©ª (no) until: until 6 o’clock rokuji ?@ABCDE made underground (railway) m¬® chikatetsu until Saturday Doyobi made FGH ¯°±²³ ABCDEFGHIJKL Un underpants pantsu unusual mezurashi IJK ´µ¶¸¹ understand: I understand up ue ni wakarimasu º» LMNOP up there asoko ni I don’t understand ¼½¾¿ wakarimasen he’s not up yet (not out of bed) QRSTUV kare wa mada nete imasu do you understand? ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈ wakarimasu ka? what’s up? (what’s wrong?) do WXYZ[\] ka shimashita ka? unemployed shitsugyo-chu ÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑ ^_` upmarket kokyu (na) unfashionable ryuko-okure ÒÓÔÕÖ (no) upset stomach i no choshi abcdefgh ga yoku nai United States Gas·shukoku ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞß ijk I have an upset stomach i no

164 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 165 English choshi ga yoku arimasen V àáâãäåæçè éêë vacancy: do you have any ➜ upside down sakasama ìíîï vacancies? (hotel) akibeya ga Japanese arimas(u) ka? upstairs ue cdefghijk ð lm up-to-date saishin (no) !"#$% vacation yasumi no urgent kinkyu (na) &'()* on vacation yasumi de pqr us* watashitachi (o) +,-./0 vaccination yobochusha stuv with us watashitachi to 1234 vacuum cleaner sojiki wxyz for us watashitachi no tame valid (ticket etc) yuko (na) ni {|}~¡ ABCDEFGHIJKL 56789:; how long is it valid for? USA Amerika Gas·shukoku <=>?@AB yukokikan wa dono kurai des(u) ka? use (verb) tsukaimasu ¢£¤¥¦§¨ CDEFG ©ª«¬®¯ may I use ...? … o tsukat·te valley tani mo i desu ka? °± Va HIJKLMNOP QRST valuable (adj) kicho (na) ²³´µ¶ useful yaku ni tatsu UVWX can I leave my valuables here? kicho-hin o usual futsu (no) YZ[\]^ koko ni azukeraremasu ka? the usual (drink etc) itsumono ¸¹º»¼½¾ _`ab ¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅ value (noun) kachi ÆÇ

165 … wa … o desu atsu · ka · ) tazunemasu kazan ) bideo-kamera den su mura uok hakimasu koe uesto verb nagame biza ( recorder totemo taisetsu cdef UVWX YZ [\ ]^ _`ab 789 : ; <= >?@A I’d like to visit ... BCDEFGHI JKLMNOPQR ST ( 123456 tazunetai desu waist vodka voice volcano voltage vomit W view village vinegar visa visit vital that ... vital: it’s no · totemo jido-ham- hon ) ) bideo-tepu bai ni noun yasai ( banira noun: film ( kabin totemo koushi no niku koushi ban keiyu de keiyu suki desu yorimasu !"#$%&' ()* +,-./0 ìíîïð ñòó very little for me ôõö÷øùúû I like it very much áâãä åæ çèéêë ÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕ Ö ×ØÙÚÛÜÝ Þßà ÈÉ ÊËÌ cream a vanilla ice imu banira-aisukur saishoku-shugisha koshi dake sukoshi baiki via video very vegetables vegetarian vending machine vary: it varies vase veal van vanilla

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLVa 166 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 166 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLWa 167 aruite sampo … wa uchi ni ka? … ga hoshi u oru moningu-k aruite ikimasu goji-han ni okoshite goji-han ni Ueruz saifu desu kabe kaeritai desu pqrstuvwx NOPQRST I’m going for a walk UVWXYZ[\ ]^ _`a bcdefgh any ... want I don’t ijklmno I want to go home !"#$%&'( )*+,-./ 01234567 89:;< arukuto toi desu =>?@ABCDEF only a short walk it’s GHIJKLM I’ll walk ìíîïðñòó ôõ irimasen u ni dekakemas sugu kuremasen ka? kuremasen 5.30? desu wall wallet want: I want a ... wake: can you wake me up at can you wake wake: wake-up call Wales walk: is it a long walk? te te ite · · ka? matanaide te kudasai · to to mat · · desu to sumimasen! · mat chot besto u uetores chot tsuma ga kuru made ueta te iru aida ni yat te mo i · · u machimas kuremasen ka? kuremasen ÜÝÞßàáâã äå æçèéêë waitress! ÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌ ÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔ ÕÖ ×ØÙÚÛ waiter! can you do it while I wait? mat ka? kuremasen °±²³´µ¶¸ ¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁ ÂÃ for me? could you wait here de chot koko don’t wait for me don’t uvwxyz{|} my wife gets can I wait until here? ~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨ ©ª«¬®¯ ghi jklm wait for me nopqrst mat kudasai sumimasen! waitress waiter waistcoat wait RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 167 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG o ki-yo · !" ka? chi no · ka? shok kot ) udedokei chi no ho · ) bosui (no) at tokei no bando tokei adj suijo-suki abunai! ( wristwatch ( mizu hachi watashi no nimotsu watashi desu … made toi desu EFGHIJKLMN ! may I have some water? mizu o moraemasu "#$%&'()* +,-./ 01234 56789:;< that way it’s =>?@ABCD is it a long way to ...? îïðñò óô õö÷ my things for will you watch me? øùúûüýþ watch out! *+,-. /01234 çèéêëìí #$%&'() mite ite kuremasen ka? mite ite kuremasen senzai desu ho waterproof waterproof waterskiing this way way: it’s wasp watch watch strap water washing-up liquid washing-up nai ki · kore o mendai · nani ga ki o u shitak · sentak senzai sem so kare wa wa kare ) oto ) by atsui desu shok ka? ) araimasu clothes ( desu verb in hospital atatakai ( … deshita ( te kuremasen ka? te kuremasen · hoshi desu sentakumono araimasu àáâãä åæ ×ØÙ ÚÛÜÝÞß ½¾¿ÀÁ ÂÃÄÅ ÆÇÈÉ can you wash these? ÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑ ÒÓÔÕÖ what do you want? what do you ¬®¯°±²³´ µ¶ ¸¹º»¼ I’m so warm I don’t want to I don’t yz{|}~¡¢£ ... he wants to ¤¥¦§¨©ª« arat washing-up …-tai desu washing powder washing-up: to do the washhand basin washing washing machine was* wash ward ward warm

English ➜ Japanese

ABCDEFGHIJKLWa 168 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 168 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLWe 169 ni … e ato ) shukan raishu don’t ( shumatsu desu ) shu kon-shiki · Suiyobi desu shumatsu kek no ashita henjin omosa one, two, three etc hen (na) ( kon-yubiwa · naru yo it’ll brighten up later it’ll brighten de hareruo y this, last, next etc yokoso ©ª«¬® welcome you’re a week (from) tomorrow a week (from) raishu rstuvw xy at the weekend z{| }~¡ ¢£¤¥¦ §¨ _`a kek bcde fgh ij ( k today a week (from) lmnopq no kyo weekend weight weird weirdo welcome: welcome to ... wedding wedding ring Wednesday week te · wa hareru ikeba i ikeba ame ni te kudasai · desu o tenkiyoh ka? hidari e magat dame desu! dame tenki … ewa do … ewa ka? go ni ikiataru made sugu · yowai · desu desu watashitachi ) usui kudasai do desu what’s the weather what’s forecast? going to be fine it’s going to rain it’s take the first on the right saisho no magarikado o migi magat ni go straight on until you go straight on lights the traffic reach shin mas turn left could you tell me the way could you tell to ...? yo tea ( Z[\ ]^ TUV WXY no way! OPQRS weather dialogue we* weak dialogue RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 169 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 170

English mention it) do itashimashite Ueruzu-jin desu ¯°±²³´µ¶ !"#$%&'( well: I don’t feel well kibun ga )*

➜ yoku arimasen were* … deshita

Japanese ¸¹º»¼½¾ +,-. ¿ÀÁ West: the West Obei she’s not well kanojo wa /0 byoki desu west nishi ÂÃÄÅÆÇÈ 1 you speak English very well in the west nishi ni Eigo ga totemo jozu desu 23 ne Western Obei (no) ÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑ 45678 ÒÓÔÕ Westerner Obei-jin well done! sugoi! 9:; Ö×ØÙ Western-style yofu (no) this one as well kore mo <=>?@ ABCDEFGHIJKL desu wet nureta ÚÛÜÝÞ ABC well well! (surprise) oya oya! whale kujira ßàáâã DEF what? nan desu ka? dialogue GHIJKL what’s that? sore wa nan We how are you? gokigen desu ka? ikaga desu ka? MNOPQRST very well, thanks, and you? what’s happening? nani ga hai, okagesama desu ga, arundesu ka? sochira wa? UVWXYZ[\] (what’s on?) nani o yat·te well-done (meat) uerudan imasu ka? äåæçè ^_`abcde Welsh (adj) Ueruzu (no) fg éêëìí (what’s wrong?) do shitandes I’m Welsh watashi wa ka?

170 English ➜ Japanese ABCDEFGHIJKLWh 171 de ka? u desu koko ni o dono chizu … hito muk koko des ie, desu sore dore? kore? shiro-wain donata desu sore desu sore uisuki ka? dare? shiroi desu no, that one could you show me where you show me could it is on the map? just here it’s see way which one? that one this one? it’s over there over it’s doko daka oshiete daka doko ka? kuremasen basu? the man who ... ()* äåæçèéêëì íîïðñ òóô õö÷ø ùúû who is it? !"#$%&' ßàáâã iru aida ni which: which bus? which: which while: while I’m here whisky white white wine who? dialogue doko ka? te kara · shitara dono do kaet desu u nagame des i wa nanji desu wa kuruma-isu eki wa doko eki wa ka? doko? itsu? sharin ni noreba i ni noreba sha/feri · desho where is the railway is where station? basu daka shirimasen i ka? Ö×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞ ÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒ ÓÔÕ it is where know I don’t º»¼ ½¾¿ when we get back ÀÁÂÃÄ the train/ferry? when’s res ~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨ I take? what bus do ©ª«¬®¯° ±²³´µ¶ ¸¹ hijklmnop I do? what should qrstuvwx yz{|} what a view! ne! dialogue where? wheelchair when? wheel RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 171 Page 20:43 15/02/06 English-Japanese.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 172 English whole: the whole week maru window seat madogawa no is·shukan seki +,-./ tuvw

➜ the whole lot zembu windscreen furonto-garasu

Japanese 012 xyz{|}~ whose: whose is this? kore windscreen wiper waipa wa dare no desu ka? ¡¢£¤ 3456789 windsurfing uindosafin :;< ¥¦§¨©ª«¬ why? doshite desu ka? windy: it’s so windy kaze ga =>?@ABCD tsuyoi desu why not? doshite desu ka? ®¯°±²³´ EFGHIJKL wine wain wide hiroi µ¶¸ MNO can we have some more wife (one’s own) tsuma wine? wain o mo sukoshi P moraemasu ka? ABCDEFGHIJKL (someone else’s) oku-san ¹º»¼½¾¿ÀÁ QRS ÂÃÄÅÆÇÈ my wife watashi no tsuma wine list wain no risuto TUV ÉÊËÌÍÎÏ will*: will you do it for me? so winter fuyu shite kuremasen ka? Ð WXYZ[\]^_ in the winter fuyu ni Wh `a ÑÒ wind (noun) kaze wire waiya b ÓÔÕÖ window mado (electric) kodo cd ×ØÙ near the window mado no with … to is·sho ni soba de ÚÛÜÝÞ efghij I’m staying with ... … no in the window (of shop) tokoro ni tomat·te imasu shouindo ni ßàáâãäåæç klmnopqrs èéêë

172 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 173 English without nashi de desu ìíî QRST witness shonin worse: it’s worse nao warui

ïð desu ➜

will you be a witness for me? UVWXYZ[ Japanese watashi no shonin ni nat·te worst sai-ak (no) kuremasen ka? \]^_` ñòóôõö÷øù worth: is it worth a visit? it·te úûüý!" miru kachi ga arimasu ka? woman josei abcdefgh #$ ijklmn wonderful subarashi would: would you give this to %&'() ...? kore o … ni watashite won’t*: it won’t start do shite kuremasen ka? mo stato shimasen opqrstuv *+,-./012 wxyz{|}~ 3456 wrap: could you wrap it up? wood (material) zaimoku tsutsunde kuremasen ka? ABCDEFGHIJKL 78 ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª woods (forest) mori wrapping paper hososhi 9 «¬ wool uru wrestler resura :;< ®¯°± word kotoba sumo wrestler rikishi =>? ²³ Wr work (noun) shigoto wrestling resuringu @A ´µ¶¸¹ it’s not working ugokimasen sumo wrestling sumo BCDEF º»¼ I work in ... … de hataraite wrist tekubi imasu ½¾ GHIJKLMN write kakimasu world sekai ¿ÀÁÂ OP could you write it down? worry: I’m worried shimpai kaite kuremasen ka?

173 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 174

English ÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌ X how do you write it? do kakimasu ka?

➜ ÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔ X-ray rentogen

Japanese writing paper binsen UVWXY ÕÖ×Ø wrong: it’s the wrong key kagi Y ga aimasen ÙÚÛÜÝÞßà this is the wrong train kore yacht yot·to wa chigau densha desu Z[\ áâãäåæçè yard yado éê ]^_ the bill’s wrong okanjo ga year toshi machigat·te imasu ` ëìíîïðñò yellow kiroi óôõö abcd ABCDEFGHIJKL sorry, wrong number yen en sumimasen, ban·go o e machigaemashita yes hai !"#$%&'() fg *+,-./0 yesterday kino sorry, wrong room hij sumimasen, heya o yesterday morning kino no asa Wr machigaemashita klmno 123456789 the day before yesterday :;<=>?@ ototoi there’s something wrong with pqrs ... … wa doko ka okashi yet mada desu tu ABCDEFGHI JK dialogue what’s wrong? do ka shimashita ka? is it here yet? mo LMNOPQRST tsukimashita ka?

174 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 175 English no, not yet ie, mada desu Zen sect Zenshu you’ll have to wait a little ÑÒ longer yet mo shibaraku Zen temple Zendera

kakarimas ÓÔ ➜

zero zero Japanese yoghurt yoguruto ÕÖ vwxyz zip fasuna you* (sing) anata ×ØÙÚÛ {|} could you put a new zip on? (pl) anatatachi atarashi fasuna ni kaete ~¡¢£¤ kuremasen ka? this is for you kore wa anata ÜÝÞßàáâã ni agemas !"#$%&'() ¥¦§¨©ª« *+,- ¬®¯ zip code yubimban·go with you anata to is·sho ni ./01 °±²³´µ¶ zoo dobutsu·en young wakai 234 ABCDEFGHIJKL Zo ¸¹º your(s)* (sing) anata no »¼½¾ (pl) anatatachi no ¿ÀÁÂÃÄ youth hostel yusu-hosteru ÅÆÇÈÉÊË

Zen Buddhism Zen Ì Zen garden Zentei ÍÎ Zen priest Zenso ÏÐ

175 RG New JAPANESE English-Japanese.qxd 15/02/06 20:43 Page 176 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 177

Japanese ➜ English ) literally: beast no way! unbelievable fantastic! damn fool! damn fool! damn!, hell! ( ten-thousand yen note ten-thousand yen stupid liar! good! bicycle shut up! u hey! trendy; cool; handsome honestly; really shut up! i ki! great!, super!; done! well better meal thanks; hi you fool!,you stupid bastard! no!; yuk! blow one’s top one’s blow foreigner shit! bye, cheerio u sho! fool! that’s a lie! that’s beautiful woman u so! u yada! yokat·ta! mashi meshi shinjiran·nai subarashi! sugoi! tondemo nai! urusai! uso! usots domo gaijin ja ne kak·ko kireru konoyaro! k maji de mansats baka! bakamitai bakayaro! bijin charinko chik chot·to! damare! Colloquialisms be shouldn’t hear.You well may you words are The following sure are you ones unless of the stronger to use any tempted audience. of your aho!

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKL 178 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 178 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLAt 179 ) ) fur- half as part pay- ki non-alco- u further away further no ... tomorrow -ts tomorrow older own: one’s u formal intelligent safe information desk deposit ( to wash ) up there; there over after the day ankle playground alcohol u thank you, thanks the day after tomor- the day head storm tomorrow apartment, flat walk; on foot ) leg; foot that; those ( morning that; that one; those ( blue brother ( brother ther away not that one … ga arimasen ment holic tomorrow afternoon row morning board atamakin asat·te asayu-nishok ashi ashikubi ashita ashita no asa ashita no gogo asobiba asoko ni as·sat·te atama atama ga i ano (na) anzen aoi apato araimas arashi aratamat·ta are arigato ja arimasen arimasen: sore aruite arukoru arukoru-nuki (no) asa ani an·naisho ) ) pl ) table ) USA ) goza- pl u ) pl ) to share ) are you pl ) u u ) ) fall sing you ( you sing to share ( to share not many you ( you your; ( yours US sing u you ( you go away! taste clear, obvious nai one’s own: older own: one’s you ( you to give you ( you to open your; yours u te omedeto baby i accelerator lovers, a couple Asian you ( you Happy New Year! New Happy to meet u u dangerous ok ! not very much not very ) u sweet ( sweet u candies, sweets; rain red chin; jaw sister ( hole Asia autumn, ( seru taste; flavour u room ( anata wa … des amari imas anata wa anatatachi (ga) anatatachi no anatatachi o anatatachi wa ane amari ame Amerika Gas·shukok ana anata (ga) anata no anata o akachan akai akemas akemash aki akiraka (na) ak amai ago aibeya ni narimas aimas aiseki shimas aji Ajia Ajia (no) A abek·ku abunai at·chi e it·te! agemas RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 179 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG ) ) ) ) women’s fam, m US ) ) ) ) ) Christian carrier bag, of time Buddhist fam, m fam, m in hotel art gallery fam, m a big bit bonnet, ( Buddhist house altar I ( I ( ballpoint pen traditional puppet my; mine ( Buddhism flight number flight (no) priest ( me ( writing pad part, bit poor screen director, head of u hairdresser’s ( hairdresser’s -kan cemetery hospital cap, hat martial arts bra (ga) no o wa dan u ball boat u shi visa building beer second ( bubun u porter ( jar; bottle u u u u u plastic bag hood theatre oki department byob byoin boru borupen boshi boto braja bubun bucho budo Buk·kyo Buk·kyo Buk·kyoto bunrak buts byo bim·mei bin biniru-bukuro binsen biru biru biyoin biza bochi boi bok bok bok bok bok bon·net·to bijuts bimbo ) ta i ) with a go away! it’s that it’s u separate business hotel business coach station, punishment to collect Western-style des bright coach trip (no) u lawyer convenient ridiculous programme silly; stupid u another, different plasters, Bandaid® bus stop bus ki no heya new warm; mild fine ( bed ( number waistcoat -hoteru o machigaemash u art belt after; afterwards, later, you fool! you u no thick; hot bets u to -ryoko -taminaru -tei -ts van u u memas u u u u u u bus station bus private bathroom private baka! number wrong at·chi no ho at·chi later on way benri (na) beruto bes bets bets bijines bijuts bas bas bas bas bed·do ben·goshi bakageta bak·kin ban ban·go ban·go ban·gumi bansoko ats atsui azayaka (na) B baka (na) i atarash atatakai at·chi e it·te! at·chi: ato de

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLAt 180 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 180 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLDa 181 just a bed and excuse to order to order faulty typical u after lunch Chinese medium, medi- ki yado to love to love u u second-hand kitchen -go breakfast lunch careful China -ts (no) car park, lot parking u order order college; university centre u u u hey! all right, OK; no injection double; double u u area of a few square few of a area representative u u classifier for machines, shajo um-sized blocks chushok chot·to mat·te kudasai! chot·to mat·te chot·to sumimasen! room; whisky double breakfast me! cars, and stereos bikes problem minute! daisuki des chu chushin chushok D daburu -dai daidokoro daigak daihyo daihyo-teki (na) daijob shi ga okash i choshi ga choshok choshok chot·to! Chugok Chugok chuibukai chuko (no) chukurai (no) chumon chumon shimas chusha chome ) ) to check u excess bag- long-dis- direct direct right here u porcelain coach, bus one’s own one’s u brown (no) underground, sick, ill u direct u breast leaflet bowl ( bowl tip u -in shimas properly different team difference father ( near, nearby small u diminutive suffix diminutive ward region, district illness; disease u sets ts map area u u u area ) subway US in ( added to child’s name or added to child’s familiar used suffix friendsbetween and family gage tance call choka-tenimots chok chok chokyori-bas chokyori-denwa chiki chim chip·p chirashi chisai chizu cho chodo koko de chibusa chichi chigai chigau chiho chikai chikatets cha-iro (no) cha-iro -chan chanto chawan chek·k byoki byoki (no) byoto C RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 181 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG I am ... directo- what’s u you are ... are you konsento don’t men- don’t u to call, to shaver te infectious traditional i phone number u is it ...? ta ka? electrical microwave i zoo see you again see you diesel phone book electric electrician; electri- ka? animal -en were; was; it was train light bulb department store doorman telephone, phone u u u be; am; is; are; it is ta i how? door shimash itashimash u degree ry enquiries phone anata wa … des watashi wa … des … des do do shaving point shaving the matter? (oven) cal goods shop tion it, welcome you’re appliances dobuts dobuts depato des desh dewa mata dizeru-sha do do? doa doaboi o denki-kamisori-y denki-seihin denki-ya denkyu densensei (no) densha denshi-renji dento-teki (na) denwa denwaban·go denwaban·go-an·nai denwacho denwa shimas denki (no) denki denki-kamisori ) neither it’s no it’s as soon of country nobody, u u to dial to dial gents’ toilet, u as ... as possi- to go away certainly not! cotton wool, ! cannot u u toire hopefully voltage can president ( president message exit, out way gradually anybody; somebody, heater, heating battery men u party, group don’t! but; the even who? roughly, approximately electricity; light only, just by, means of; by with; at; men’s room men’s ble no-one; none … demo … demo nai dekirudake hayak sore wa dame des sore dame des on; in good absorbent cotton someone as possible ... nor ... demo den·ats denchi den·gon denki dekakemas dekimas dekimasen dekireba dekirudake … dare ka dare mo …-masen dare das·shimen de deguchi dandan dansei dansei-yo dantai dare? daitai o daitory shimas daiyaru dake dambo dame!

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLDa 182 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 182 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLFu 183 ) in ) to fax language u receptionist language French French British to choose French ( French opening times open medium in English fax u o okurimas air-conditioning pencil large postcard cinema, the- movie lift, elevator ) u reception desk ( reception Britain zip (no) (no) u u -go u s s u u u u English ( film, movie ) u u AIDS na train station collar circle; yen u to; towards; until; painting, yes ronto-gakari ronto in hotel Eigo de ( hotel ater picture; drawing u u f en erabimas eta ereb eri eru-saiz eya-kon F fak·k fak·k fas Frans Frans f e e ehagaki eiga eigakan Eigo eigyo-chu eigyojikan Eikok Eikok eizu eki empits em-saiz E who’s please ka? sorry none neither u pleased to why?; why where is it? where thanks after you u I agree; all right everywhere; ka? German road map; road either of them either u u single, not married somewhere which; who thief Saturday Germany which? (no) where? thanks; hi which one? I don’t mind,I don’t please go mud u u shin u meet you streetmap don’t calling? ahead;are you here dozo osaki ni dozo yoroshik domo arigato domo sumimasen doko des dochira demo nai dochira anywhere (one) of them (one) not? o dorob dorochizu doshite des ka? Doyobi dozo doko ka dok domo dono? dore? mo …-masen dore doro Doits dokan des doka yamete kudasai doko? doko demo dochira dochiraka des dochira-sama Doits RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 183 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG cash to cash to go out ) gas ) u u petrol sta- petrol no ...; there’s US to develop this, last, next disappointed u at university, take care,take bye, foreign foreign language foreign artist foreigner at airport tando shimas ) gas station rubbish u abroad student (no) u petrol, ( doorway, entrance, New Year’s Day Year’s New -ka -go -jin glass school cash how are you? are how US film processing ta theatre term ( u u u u u ) guide month ( foreigner amount cliff u u gate ( wooden sandals wooden sei u u u ) tion, ( porch genki de ne … ga arimasen school etc see you dispenser,ATM no ...;... no are there gets gasorin-s geijuts gekijo genkan genki? genkin genkin-jido-shiharaiki genkin ni kaemas genzo genzo shimas geta geto gaido gaijin gaikok gaikok gaikok gaikok gaishuts gak gake gak·kari shita gak·ki gak·ko gak Gantan garak garas gasorin ) pat- ornamental windscreen there is ...; there ladies’ wear Easter u u to include unpleasant impossible hangover u inconvenient ·sai ordinary, usual -uriba u stomachache two days two sliding door ( fat bottom two; a couple u bag, bag paper fountain ( ) u mattress; bedding local intercity train local intercity u tea towel deep old; stale boat, ship flavour winter ka kayoi envelope cap; lid married couple mimas ts ma minute u u subject particle that u u u city u ronto-garas there are ... are there terned … ga arimas emphasizes the subject u G ga futot·ta futs futs futsu futsu(no) fuyu fuyukai (na) fune funsui furui fus futa futats futo futon fukin Fuk·kats fuk fuk fukuro fumi fumoto fun f fu (na) fuben fuf fujinfuk fukai fukano(na)

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLFu 184 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 184 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLHa 185 ) ) ) someone someone first-class at 7am material one’s own one’s in mouth excuse me, excuse have a nice day! have August grey bin; dustbin, toothbrush parents ( parents to come in u queue first-class carriage husband ( eighty u unleaded petrol gum ( u dentist am rubber( u eight; wasp rubbish, trash; waste mother ( ) ) about, approximately how are you? are how classifier meaning county fly u yes; lungs tooth train ticket else’s gozen shichiji ni ka? o! gokigen·y trashcan sorry else’s glassful or cupful hairimas haisha H ha haburashi hachi Hachigats hachi-ju hae haguki haha hai -hai (no) hai-iro hai-ok gom gomen·nasai gomi gomibako goro goryoshin goshujin gozen gun gurinsha gurinsha-joshaken gyorets u ) it was ) ta i ) ) ) ) daughter-in- this after- sister-in-law mother-in- son-in-law father-in-law brother-in- ) ) what’s your what’s language sister-in-law money brother-in-law ko literally: it was a u u Monday ) five hundred five May address u -kos u bank ( bank total u someone else’s: older someone else’s: one’s own one’s someone else’s laxative fifty afternoon, pm yobi ) u polite prefix after silver silver five someone else’s own: younger one’s one’s own one’s older someone else’s: one’s own: younger own: one’s feast noon ( ( ( law ( law gojusho wa? kyono gogo ni ( law ( law delicious ( law ( law course ( address? go-hyak go-ju gojusho gokei gokigen: gokigen ikaga des gogak Gogats gogo giri no oto-san giri no ototo go go- -go gochiso-sama desh giri no musume giri no oka-san giri no one-san giri no oni-san Gets gezai gin ginko giri no imoto giri no mus RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 185 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG ) ); not good ); swollen refund refund left-handed over river day tripday it’s sunny;it’s it’s to run weather u eight hundred eight secluded average ( average u fire escape;fire emer- to pull; to play drawer on the left u to the left weird, strange, odd scissors quickly east u badly field shade fine ( left light bridge ( fast, quick; early u bad; dreadful; nasty accommodation; room u spring flag classifier for animals needle skin fence elbow fire; day u hidari e hidari ni chopsticks opposed to opposed gency exit swollen hikidashi hikimas heya hi hidari hidari-kiki (no) hidoi hidok hif higaeri-ryoko higashi hiji hijoguchi hikage hikari -hiki harai-modoshi hareta imas harete hari haru hasami hashi hashirimas hata hatake hayai hayak hei heikin-teki hempi (na) hen (na) hap-pyak ) US to deliver u how do you how not cooked museum against, half a to begin bag, handbag, to speak; to half-price engaged, ( to start te toothpaste u i half a litre u u to knock over u kan (no) city centre, down- half fare the firsttime u (no) half an hour u half florist’s beach delivery shimas u cigar ashtray fireworks beginning u u nausea personal seal opposite u u nose; flower box toothache buts ) purse u US occupied to hantai (no) dozen talk ( do?, you pleased to meet town hankagai hanko han·nama (na) han-rit·toru hantai han-das handobag·g hanemas hangak hangak hanjikan hambun hamigakiko hana hanabi hanashi-chu hanashimas hana-ya hajimemash hajimete hak hakike hako hamabe hamaki haita haitats haitats haizara hajimarimas hajime hajimemas

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLHa 186 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 186 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLHo 187 nothing to trans- u lunch box lunch u really? just a little something real, genuine to smile to smile broken u less ...than ka? jeweller’s to want gay true u really baby’s bottle baby’s koshi translation shimas u other u northwest u u northeast law bookshop, bookstore jewellery dust guarantee insurance (ni) star bone direction the rest u classfier for pens, ciga- brush sei to book u u late hontodes shop else rettes and other cylindricalrettes objects else, else anything hoshides hosho hone hone ga oreta hon no s honto honto(no) hon·ya hon·yak hon·yak honyubin horits hoseki hoseki-ten hoshi hoka bento hoka hoka ka hoka ni nani des hoka niwa nai hoka no hoken hoki hoko hokori hok hok hom·mono (no) homo (no) hon -hon hodo … nai hodo … hohoemimas no to knock to cost u u ) ) per night to get a tan ki u sunblock u another, one necessary, essen- suntanned enlargement pack a, an on face ) of shoe packet u pair u quality crowd piece mo …-masen (na) u piece; one (no) tan, suntan; sunburn square open sun plane, airplane u secretary pavement, sidewalk alone string u u low wide forehead flight knee yo hitots person; people heel ( u cheek ( instrument hitots mo ( more over tial hiyake hiyake-dome hiyake shimas hiyo ga kakarimas hiza ho hodo hitori hitots hitots hits hisho hitai hito hito-ban ni ts hitogomi hito-hako hito-kire hito-kumi hito-pak·k himo hinata hi ni yaketa hinshits hiraita hiroba hiroi hiru hikinobashi kaeshimas hik·kuri hiko hikoki hikui RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 187 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG on ) first US not just what own: u to fill up ka? general u how much is much how may I help may u several one’s one’s overnight ever ka? I’d like to like I’d annoying interchange ( interchange let’s go! let’s dose Indian ) u u drinking water to go entrance, in way how many?;how how e-mail (no) ) route to say; to call sister ( u full; a glass of country; countryside u ground floor, ( ? ka (no) dentures ruins u u u now; just, only just dog colour old? ima wa dame des ima nanji des you it? motorway floor; once time is it? younger now iro iseki imoto inaka Indo (no) inryosui intachenji inu ip·pai ip·pai ni shimas ip·pak ip·pan-teki (na) iraira suru iras·shaimase ireba iriguchi o! ikimash ikitai des ik·kai ik·kaibun ikura des ikuts ikuts ima imamade ni imas i–meiru ikikata ikimas hardly favourite hotel room dozen sterling Buddha excellent million all day lively British apart from British person January deposit (no) almost, nearly more than that more sign flower arrangement flower wrapping paper wrapping u except u that’s good;that’s that’s fit, attack hotel (no) Britain market hundred (no) man -jin -pondo bandage; dressing u u u u u u u one less than, under over, than more house no des good sore ijo sore i fine Igiris Igiris ijo ika ikebana iki-iki shita ichinichi-ju ichiryu ie ie igai dewa igai wa Igiris Igiris i ichi ichiba ichiban suki (na) ichi-das Ichigats hotondo hotondo …-masen hyak hyak hyoshiki I kin hosho hososhi hos·sa hotai hoteru hoteru no heya hotoke-sama

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLHo 188 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 188 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLJu 189 car ) US green card ( green card bicycle park vending November December timetable, ( u local serious posh ripe seventeen ) eighteen myself; myself by October office bicycle, bike passenger u sixteen thirteen nineteen eleven u u joke enough lesson ground fifteen earthquake hyo u crossroads, intersection woman; lady time; hour twelve information shrine u automatic automatic accident shita u ten; gun; rifle schedule insurance machine ju-san ju-shichi jokyak josei ju jubun judai (na) Jugats ju-go jugyo ju-hachi ju-ichi Juichigats jujiro juk ju-kyu ju-ni Junigats ju-rok jido-hambaiki jidosha-hoken jikan jiko jikok jimen jimoto no jimusho jinja jishin jitensha jitensha-okiba jodan johin (na) joho jibun de jido Muslim with ... to disturb enjoy your enjoy once, as soon as u ! painkillers to hurt to hurry u Italian it’s sore it’s pub together busy u u see you later see you kyo (no) tap, faucet disgusting, nasty pair; pair of always five u u fifth Italy u cousin pain, ache bye, cheerio when? u doctor rock stone, rock hurt; painful chair ka mo thread thread well ne u u o’clock … to is·sho ni … to is·sho shoes/socks meal!, appetit! bon ja jaguchi jama shimas ja mata ja ji itsuts it·tan …-tara iwa iya (na) izaka-ya J itamidome itamimas Itaria Itaria (no) ito itoko its its itsu? isu Isuram itadakimas itai itai des itami isha ishi i isogash isogimas is·sho ni is·sok RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 189 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG ) ) ) ) ); ) for person ) by regis- music man to confirm woman written amount quite a lot hanging rich ( tourist infor- u to think ) nap- disposable perfect u san u God camera shop duvet fair ( ubin de to switch on to switch reception ( reception to feel u nurse ( to write nurse ( blaze razor scroll ( scroll u u sign idea cheers! sad local train with lim- local train u u ); ( to play can-opener, tin- company, business u fairly, pretty, quite; a u ) paper; hair character ( nin shimas fire ( fire u engine ( guests kanari tak Chinese character opener pies/diapers ited stops bit tered mail tered kanko-an·naijo kampeki (na) kanari kanari (no) kanashi kanemochi (no) kan·gae kan·gaemas kan·geikai kan·gof kan·goshi kanji kanjimas kankiri kaji kakebuton kakejik kakemas kakimas kakitome-y kak kamban kamera-ya kami kami-omuts kami-sama kamisori kampai! kaisha kaisok ); con- one, two, three to unlock business u cardphone torch to give back to give either ... or ... conference room conference opening ceremo- to go back, to u address book address u to buy u month ( u mirror steps, stairs coast u fourteen bag section chief u cash desk vase address card basket carpet furniture wall meeting ( traffic jam traffic key; lock question particle floor, storey u ) mosquito etc return ny … ka … ka ference kaigi kaigishits kaikaishiki kaikei kaimas kagi kagi o akemas kago kai kaichudento kaidan kaigan kacho kado kado-denwa kaerimas kaeshimas kag kagami kagets K ka ka? kaban kabe kabin jusho jushorok jutai jutan ju-yon

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLJu 190 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 190 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLKe 191 ) ) ) in business ) ) single tick- m m no thanks banker’s draft banker’s u u mobile phone police station injured all right, fine for horses not heavy to lend u they ( they des to rent, to hire; to instead u odd, strange, pecu- via police clever them ( them manager ( marriage dry contract ·sho family u one end; one side Tuesday policeman des u u singer; pop singer volcano cut u race ( stopover leather; river u light ( hard number, figure umbrella wind shoulder et, ticket one-way borrow ie kek·ko liar kek·kon Kayobi kazan kaze kazok kazu kega o shita keiba keieisha keikan keisats keisats keitai-denwa keiyak keiyu keiyu de kek·ko karimas karui kasa kashimas kashikoi kashu kata kataho katai katamichi-kip·p kat·to kawa kawaita kawari ni kawase-tegata kawat·ta karera o karera wa karera ) m ) f ) ) f f ) ) m they ( they they ( they their; them ( Korean Korean in body trip, excursion, grateful simple, easy she executive they ( they healthy she her; hers completely Shinto priest their; theirs ( can u couple South Korea South empty her (no) possible ) he f his he cheers! infection cup body u u him ru liver ( liver hot, spicy u u from; since he face sightseeing tour sightseeing mation office mation theirs ( kare ga kare no kare o kare wa kare (ga) karera no karera kao kap·p kap·p kara kara (no) karada karada ni i karai kanojotachi wa kanpai! kanrishok kansen kansha (no) kantan (na) kanzen ni kanzo kanzume kanojo (ga) kanojo no kanojo o kanojo wa kanojotachi (ga) kanojotachi no kanojotachi o Kankok Kankok ryoko kanko kan·nushi kano(na) RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 191 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG ) ) ) sing, ) weather to clean up nonsmoking sing, fam to fill in blond blond u sing, fam u yesterday look out! pleasant box office;box tick- sing, fam u to hear urgent to decide hate (no) to listen u to cut beautiful; pretty; you ( you u Friday monument metal u you ( you kimono; Japanese your; ( yours goldfish to come u u kete! emergency u (na) ticket you ( you u -uriba u u no asa yellow yesterday ( temperature silk u u ) mist, fog gold kino clothes compartment fam nice; clean morning et office kirimas kiroi kino kinu Kin·yobi kinyushimas kinzok kion ki o ts kip·p kip·p kirai des (na) kirei ni shimas kirei kiri kimas kimemas kimi (ga) kimi no kimi o kimi wa kimochi no i kimono kimpats kin kinen-hi kin·en-koshits kin·gyo kinkyu kinkyu kikimas kikoemas are I’m ka? ) never u u ) ) wedding wedding married of time wedding fabric lights ladies’ toilets, to get changed to switch off to switch healthy after all although u risky valuable valuable cosmetics blood u u steep u off ( quarantine scenery smoke smoke wooden box wooden Japanese fencing Japanese make-up fight (na) feeling period ( this morning ·eki machine hope ticket; prefecture u material ( tree; mind; heart you married?you ring anniversary kek·kon shita kek·kon shite imas kek·kon shite imas kek·kon ladies’ room married kicho(na) kiete iru kigaemas kiji kikai kikan kiken (na) kes·shite …-masen kets kewashi ki kibako kibo kibun kenka kenko keredomo kesa keshiki keshimas kesho keshohin keshoshits kek·kon-shiki kek·kon-yubiwa kek·kyok kemuri ken kendo ken·eki kek·kon-kinen-bi

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLKe 192 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 192 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLKo 193 ) this one here is/are here just here u down here down u airmail enve- u this one here national soap powder hello good evening navy (blue) navy uncooked by airmailby futo ka nine upmarket ninth busy power point power (no) down the road down nationality u u over here over contest tonight, this path leaf u glass child minder this time next time crowded (na) rice ( this; these u this; this one; these rits sai-teki (na) seki u u u lope kore des kore masa ni koko de masa koko ni des koko no kore international … wa koko des … wa evening here here ... kore kome komichi komori kona-sek·ken konda konde iru kondo (no) kon-iro konkai konkuru kon·nichi wa kono konoha konosaki kono shita des konsento kop·p kokonoka kokonots kok kok kok kokubin de kokubin·yo kokyu komban komban wa ) ) of country disappoint- children’s ) of lake to look for- North Korea launderette, Empress of Empress to kiss to kiss domestic flight right here, just (no) u exchange rate drink fair, impartial u teahouse; café u child; children border ( border shore ( shore dirty police box tea ( suburb open air tight wire; lead stamp here park coin factory coffee kiss naisen voice north classifer for fruit, cakes, carp u u ing Japan koko des ward to eggs and small chunky objects laundromat kojo koka kokan-reto kok·kyo kok koko kogai Kogo-Heika kohei (na) kohi koi koin-randori koban kocha kodo kodomo kodomo-yo koe koen kogai kitai shimas kitanai kitsui kit·te -ko kis kishibe kis·sa-ten kis shimas kita Kita-Chosen (no) kitai hazure RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 193 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG ) could could I of shoe to sneeze u Christmas to repeat greedy sole ( u to change to compare shoe repairer shoelaces cloudy, dull u -Ibu to complain fruit u shoe polish (no) to give u lipstick lips informal u car September cloakroom mas spider shoe whale mouth imas no soko comb dark about, approximately airport u zumi -himo naoshi suffix used when black u complaint country, nation air u u u u u you ...? you … o kuremasen ka? … o kuremasen ka? …-te kuremasen have ...? have Eve addressing a young person a young addressing kuts kuzushimas kurikaeshimas Kuris kuro kuroi kurok kuruma kushami o shimas kushi kuts kuts kuts kuts kuchibiru kudaketa kudamono Kugats kuishimbo kujira kujo kujoo kuki kuko kumo kumori (no) -kun kuni kurabemas kurai kuremas kuchi kuchibeni this is ... this is out of order u reverse charge reverse u to break, to antique shop phone box, motorway, free- corkscrew to fall public toilets public u parcel, package in future u fracture fracture pharmacy damaged; broken road accident road antique skyscraper junction u footwarmer mi word, language this; way; this here change, money doro breakdown drug, medicine -nuki to-koru u traffic u perfume flood u course u grass bank account, account u coat neck ice u ward, of a city area sa suri suri-ya u u u damage kore kara kore wa … des kore way, highway payphone call, collect call kozui kozuts k k k ku kubi kot·tohin kot·tohin-ten kowareta imas kowarete kowashimas koza kozeni kos·sets kosui kotats kot·chi koto kotoba kotsu kotsujiko kos kosaten kosho koshubenjo koshudenwa kosobiru kosok korek kori korobimas koruk

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLKo 194 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 194 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLMa 195 ) one’s in road window by the day Malay Malay not yet granddaughter an hour ago grandson ( pillow case pillow u daily turning ( false, true not not bad, so-so serious to wait (no) in advance ko me ) middle u nail varnish u apartment block u u error, mistake Thermos® flask pillow comic book in front, at the front; mum des window still; only; yet to; up to; until; as far classifier for pieces of ago; front ) one’s own one’s ie, mada des Mok·yobi made ni ichijikan mae sono mae no hi before as Thursday paper, and other tickets thin, flat objects seat formerly, in the past; before ( own manshon Mare-hanto magomus magomus mahobin -mai mainichi (no) majime (na) makura makura-kaba mama mama man·ga manikyua man·naka machimas mada made mado seki madogawa no mae mae mot·te mae ni magarikado machigai machigat·ta in meeting maid poste for partner ( standby casualty depart- first-aid kit interval compartment -gakari ambulance nine hundred u u coach, carriage help bright u fountain ( ) ) palace closed lunar calendar u ) brother church ninety town; area express train express permit holiday, vacation customer -dome-yubin sha shits shits distance u u u u u today nine money place ment ( business restante drinking M mabushi machi machi-awase-basho kyukyubako kyukyubyoto kyukyusha kyureki kyusuiki kyoryok kyu kyuden kyugyo kyu-hyak kyu-ju kyuka kyukei-jikan kyuko kyodai kyodo-keiei-sha kyoka kyokai kyok kyori kyak kyak kyak kyak kyanseru-machi kyo RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 195 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG of u deaf attractive craft shop all the ... to find to get back, to to have; to another, one owner u fair; fair trade u in the south jug guesthouse u u of course handle to look at; to see u on the righton the south lake -teki (na) ugly to the rightto the harbour, port three everyone; all swimming trunks;swimming third brief, short u u ear u water shop kemas hitots u also, too; even; both ... already swimming costume swimming and; neither ... nor return mo chigaimas mochiron o minami … wa min·na migi e migi ni carry; hold to course not more modorimas mizu mizugi mizumi mizusashi mo mo mochimas mochinushi mochiron mochite mihon-ichi mijikai mik·ka mimas mimi mimi ga kikoenai minami minato min·geihin-ten minikui min·na minshuk miryok mise mits mit·ts defi- ) u ticket defi- hardly ) u didn’t narcotics duty-free mild in the middle missing diversion, ta i duty-free one’s own one’s green midnight rare, uncommon, not often chigaimas sono tori des or oh no! spectacles, eyeglasses licence drugs ( not the sights noodles u u business card business pine u road again right u niece ( eye ever nitely not met·ta ni …-masen mayonaka ni counter shop detour nitely unusual (goods) of the night; at midnight miatarimasen michi midori (no) midori no madoguchi migi menzei(hin) menzeihin-ten met·ta ni mezurashi me megane mei meishi meisho menkyo menrui mat·tak mat·tak mawari-michi mayak mayonaka maroyaka (na) maroyaka masaka! -masen desh -masen mata mata wa mats

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLMa 196 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 196 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLNa 197 ) ) I must one’s own one’s to go in u lazy to disappear purple, violet insect bite one’s own one’s to lose u seven hundred seven humid a long time u across hard, difficult to throw raw maid u to cry daughter ( u view son ( sink six u inside avalanche name; first name, telephone extension free of charge free insect chest, breast u long surname village seven inside ko kashi narimas shimas u u u u nagai aida given name given ... nana nana-hyak nagame nagashi nagemas naisen naka naka e hairimas nakai-san naka ni narimasen -nakereba nakimas nak nak nama (no) namae namake-mono mura (no) murasaki muryo mushi mushi-atsui mushi-sasare mus musume mut·ts muz myoji N nadare nagai mukogawa mune over ni to go back to go to come less even if ... even old-fash- u a lot more u u to bring; to unleaded hello; still I’m unconscious u destination further , muko (no) some more, a lit- san crazy Thursday u u u opposite kunak plain better cotton problem u more thigh i des if sixth thing there; there over pattern leak blanket ·yobi tekichi koshi woods, forest gate u u u u petrol tle bit more ioned fetch there muko moshi … demo back here muji (no) mukai no mukashi-fu muko mot·to tak mot·to tok moyo muchu(na) muen-gasorin muika muishiki (no) moshi-moshi mos mot·te kimas mot·to mot·to mot·to s momo mon mondai mono more mori moshi modot·te ikimas modot·te kimas modot·te mof mok Mok momen RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 197 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG ) ) to ) second u language person to unpack US pregnant u second in Japanese memas puppet show for personal experi- popular u (no) feverish sunset Japanese Japanese double; twice as Sunday Japanese ( Japanese Japanese ( Japanese two hundred two fake u luggage, baggage o ts Japan February butcher’s doll mouse; rat u sunshine u u Japan u fever; temperature first floor, ( diary ( ) stupid bitter west twenty meat classifier for people u -ya u u two; to; in; at; into; on; pack Nihon·go de much ences floor; twice indirect object particle object indirect nise (no) nishi ni-ju nik ni-kai nik·ki nik·ko nik nimots nimots -nin nin·gyo nin·gyo-geki ninki no aru ninshin-chu Nip·pon nezumi ni ni-bai (no) ni-bam·me (no) nibui nichibots Nichiyobi nigai Nigats nihodoki shimas Nihon Nihon (no) Nihon·go Nihon-jin ni-hyak nets netsup·poi ) pensioner ) ka? nothing it doesn’t as soon as nothing u u pardon film it’s worse; it’s would you would u u what? ·sha u u Japanese-style des to sleep to mend ta? i to cure to cure ka? to learn u u I see; indeed hayak because New Year’s card Year’s New u without u u seven bed ( seventy seventh u something, anything southwest cost, price u southeast summer imash what? negative ( negative cat isn’t it?, we?, isn’t haven’t u much worse much nani ka … ka? nani des wa nani des sore that? what’s nani demo i like anything ...? anything like haven’t you? etc you? haven’t matter possible else (me)?, sorry? nedan nedoko nega neko nemurimas nen·gajo nenkin-seikats narubek naruhodo nashi de nats nazenara ne? nansei nante nanto naorimas naoshimas nao warui des naraimas nani ka nani mo …-masen nani mo nai des nanoka u nana-j nanats nani?

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLNa 198 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 198 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLOk 199 some- nice ) u astonish- someone good how are how u fine; well ...... with to return ticket, ka? one’s own one’s u to dance u u Western bathroom ) u ki de aunt grandmother ( not a lot daughter ( Westerner -hodo (no) u uncle grandfather u money bath main road; avenue tray green tea ) -kip·p delicious the West nai overcoat much hill u sash u nephew ( nephew u round-trip ticket else’s to meet you to meet ok remember morning ing you? one else’s bathroom okagesama de okane ofuro ofuro-ba ofuro-ts ogenki des ohayogozaimas oi oishi oji-san oji-san ojo-san ok oka oba oba-san oba-san Obei Obei (no) Obei-jin obi oboete imas obon ocha odori odorimas odorok ofuk ides uresh o-ai-dekite ) ) ) ) of rain train etc train etc in position to knock sore throat sore u by the sea by to change to steal shower ( shower behind beside u because of; for u drink beyond at the bottom of under ( to drink outside between; during to get on ( fortnight next to ) admission charge to sew u near; by u towards shimas u wet cloth, fabric on throat flea garden u second class ( second farm of; particle possessive polite prefix object particle trains etc umi no soba no soba ni ( nyujoryo O o o- no tame ni no tonari no ue ni no ushiro nuimas nunoji nureta nusumimas norikaemas norimas no shita ni no soba no soko ni no soto ni nodo no itami no hoe nojo nok·k nomi nomimas nomimono no mukoni nishukan ni-to niwa niwaka-ame no no aida ni nodo RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 199 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG to u yes, u please; thank hungry burglary u orange girl Dutch to let off trendy, fashion- New Year New musician to push u u horrible, awful funeral sister moistened hand music to get out; to get probably good night; good- u brother paper folding Holland joss stick cupboard, closet slowly hot spring alcoholic drink u u u too many, too much hip; bottom slow; late u off ring back hai, onegai shimas hai, onegai able bye; see you towel you please ososhiki osugi osake osaki ni osenko (na) oshare oshibori oshikomi-goto oshimas oshire oshiri Oshogats osoi osok osorak i osorosh one-san on·gak on·gak-ka oni-san on·na no ko onsen Oranda Oranda (no) (no) orenji-iro origami orikaeshi denwa shimas orimas oroshimas onaka ga suita onaka shimas onegai ) some- to spend u to leave ) check someone else’s u guest policeman US similar grandchild ( kaimas first aid gift to happen to send exciting; interest- u congratulations! to think New Year’s Eve Year’s New main festival sorry you to keep ) souvenir to get up; to leave; u u toy wife ( mother (na) nappy, diaper angry weight outdoor bill, ( indoor funny, strange -sama u stomach delay delay u u serious, grave; heavy the same big, large -san u to keep; to put behind one else’s waiting ing; funny, amusing omosa omoshiroi omuts onaji onaji yo onaka omawari-san omedeto! Omisoka omiyage omo (na) omocha omoi omoimas okurimas okurimono okyak okyu-teate omago-san omatase omatsuri okiwasuremas okorimas okot·ta ok okugai okunai okure okane o ts okane okanjo oka-san i okash oki okimas

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLOk 200 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 200 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLRy 201 ) ) for hair a week a week today a week platform; tram quantity airport bus u exchange rate to rent, for hire June u six hundred breakdown service breakdown bureau de change bureau frozen u rented car;rented car u map network regular unleaded regular fridge sixty candle receipt no ashita no kyo next week lens; lens; camera con- conditioner ( u swimming pool swimming thunderstorm six corridor gats cooker -ju amount ( u lane u example u u tomorrow rental raishu raishu tact lens petrol track ryogae-jo ryogae-reto rentaru (no) rentaru renzu ito resh rimujin-bas rins roji rok roka Rok rok romendensha rop·pyak rosenzu rosok ryo puru R raishu rai-u a regyur rei oshita reit oko reiz asha rek·k renji a renta-k om purat·to-h ! u own: tights, gozaimas sit down u one’s one’s good night it’s finished it’s man package holi- plastic boy brochure to swim to swim to finish that is too much that is ta u i old person pop music pinball u u u thumb father; dad tok·king u ) letterbox, mailbox baker’s underpants; shorts u puncture puncture tik·k -ryoko the day before yester- before the day adult end bowl brother ( brother Buddhist temple ret·to u u u to u contraceptive pill contraceptive bread u u day younger day happy birthday! happy pantyhose pants pan-ya piru pop·pus pos puras pachinko pak·k pan panf pank panti–s owari owarimas owarimash oyasuminasai oya-yubi oyogimas P otona oto-san otoshiyori ototo ototoi owan osugimas kudasai osuwari bi omedet o otanjo otera otoko no hito otoko no ko RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 201 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG ) ) ) US man’s ) check; full board US sanitary nap- ki menstruation u cherry tree accurate kin three hundred three tall businessman; loud otherwise u fishmonger’s upside down upside bill, ( March haircut ( haircut -ts jetty goodbye earlier u sake cup sake u normal u u (na) surface mail, over- second floor, ( cherry blossom classifier for books Mr; Mrs; Ms; Miss ki thirty cold product u net price u government Mr; Mrs; Ms; Miss sugar plate u period ( first three u invoice salaried worker third floor;third times three land mail seiri seiri-yonap sara sarari-man sarubin sato -sats sawagashi sayonara se ga takai seif seihin seijo(na) seika seikak seikyusho sakaz saki sakihodo sakura sakura no ki -sama sambashi sam-byak samonaito sampats samui san -san San·gats san-ju san-kai san-shok sakana-ya sakasama o! ) ) ryoko vegetarian i meal one’s own one’s unfashion- to travel to cook to search, to travel agent’s travel u worst tourist latest, most u u fare box fare first service charge at first final, last u best -shugisha consulate top floor parents ( parents fish (no) public holiday public u Japanese traditional Japanese charge; fare; rental disaster recently -ryo both journey u size u purse; wallet u food; ( dish u look for saisho ni sore dewa tanosh sore journey! a good have inn recent, up-to-date able saishin (no) saisho (no) saishok saizu sakana sai-ak saif saigai saigo (no) saijits saijokai saikin saiko(no) okure (no) ryukookure S sabis sagashimas ryokogaisha ryokokyak ryokoshimas ryori ryori shimas ryoshin ryoho ryojikan ryokan ryokin ryokinbako ryoko

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLRy 202 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 202 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLSh 203 ) ) in ) ) ) bill ) to explain to try on US dialling with shower to look after u u fitting room for parking u in business u to pay to pay connecting on motorway to close ban in theatre July of company mattress u u u connection ( connection u ki (no) bin manager shimas April belongings ) u -shits u u payment ceremony photo; picture business; job, work posh lawn managing director, lane ( u u u shirt exam u lacquerware wheel garage ( island play ( play seven banknote, ( u market ( market game, match zok u mei shimas zok u u u death; city; four code, code area president ( president flight travelling shima shimarimas shichak shichak shichi Shichigats shigai-kyok Shigats shigoto shihainin shiharai shiharaimas shihei shijo shiken shiki-buton shikiten shik·ki sets sewa o shimas shacho shako shareta sharin shasen shashin shats shawa-ts shi shiai shibaf shibai shibuts sets sets in ) ) place ) private ) last Friday backache street washing, -toire of body electrical u washhand basin washhand formal since last week laundry ( short china cabin washing machine washing Occidental Sellotape®, Scotch to let, to allow fan ( bottle-opener soap u equipment last week back ( -mono -ya centigrade u u centimetre teacher; form polite washing powder washing fan narrow ( narrow u u public baths public world bi pullover, sweater seat; cough ) thousand; line; plug ( u tape® kins/towels laundry of address for teachers, of address doctors, dentists etc sink bathroom senzai ep serot ses·shi seta setomono sets sensu sentak-ki sentak sentak sento sen·yono bas sen·nuki se no hikui sensei senshits senshu senshukara senshuno Kin·yobi -semas sem·mendai sempuki sen senaka senaka no itami senchi seishiki (na) seishiki seiyo(no) sekai seki sek·ken semai RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 203 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG ) wooden lat- to do the in shop to have excuse me u washing-up food u to introduce u to go down to go unemployed u u to know rude ) antiseptic restaurant car, restaurant food ( indigestion private natural; peaceful, u quiet! plant question fire brigadefire engaged, occupied prescription below u osenzai -zai fire extinguisher fire signature meal u midday, noon Japanese chess Japanese dosha ji ji o shimas ryohin ryohin-ten gyo-chu mon (na) rei shimas rei downstairs; tongue sliding door ( ka ni! u u u u u u u u u u washing-up dinner buffet car buffet could you please ...? please could you tice and paper liquid quiet shop/store shomei shoji shoka-furyo shokai shimas shokaki shokbuts shok shok shok shok·ki o araimas shok·ki-y shok shok shita e ikimas shita e ka? … shite kuremasen shite: shi-teki (na) shits shits shits shits shit·te imas shiyo-chu shizen (na) shiz shobosho shodok shogi shogo shohosen shita shita (ni) u des i ga disabled W estern- menswear single bed friendly, nice; to find out; to fresh unbelievable newsagent’s to shut bullet train bullet sober I don’t know I don’t u sleeper, sleeping -uriba bedroom to die (na) u u single room damp closed newspaper, paper to do; to play; to u u height worried u traffic lights bedding ( dead (no) heart u frost white castle u ) car you shouldn’t ... shouldn’t you style give; make; to (as); work to to taste; to smell;feel; to to sound; to cost person; the disabled check kind; generous shinzo shirabemas shiraf shirimasen shiro shiroi shinkansen shinsen (na) shinsets shinshifuk shinshits shintai-shogai-sha shindaisha shin·go shin·gu shin·guru shin·guru-bed·do shinimas shinjiran·nai shimemas shimet·ta shimo shimpai shinai: … shinai ho shincho shinda shimas shimat·ta shimbun shimbun·ya

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLSh 204 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 204 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLSu 205 u inani- not so ) is that ); that one nai inanimate that’s all that’s inanimate u it is ... inanimate nearby that’s it that’s ka? u san ja nak san ja u u each, every u nearby all of it ) that one they ( they lovely they ( they beautiful; excel- to throw away their; theirs ( des then, at that time prime minister u and then delicatessen them ( lamp u and ) outside ); those; them such; so; that like ) ) ) noise Buddhist priest the; that ( sky it; that ( tando teki (na) temas nearby objects u u u objects not so much not so ni waruk son·na sono tori des dake des sore de i sore des sore wa … des sore zembu sore son·na ni tak son·na ( objects ( objects bad mate objects lent, great, wonderful OK? subarashi sorera (ga) sorera no sorera o sorera wa sorera (no) sorezore soridaijin soryo soshite soto ni sozai-ya s s s sono sono toki so-on sora sore sorekara son·na ) ) ) one, ) unlim- to leave, quality mail u departure one’s own one’s at least to invite to repair to repair u poor ( ) u departure shimas this, last, next etc this, last, next certificate a few -raunji express ( express weekend there u u u that’s right that’s -tomo business tripbusiness (na) u u a little bit, not u custom; ( week religion terminus u pants, panties witness u meeting document type, make, brand future invitation hobby husband ( vacuum cleaner vacuum u equipment monastery tats week ( week des u so koshi koshi no kunak u u u lounge to depart much; little; some name so two, three etc ited mileage soin sojiki soko (de) soko-kyori-museigen sok somats shuten s s s so sobi shup·pats shup·pats shup·pats shuri shimas shurui shut·cho shu shujin shukai shukan shukyo shumats shumi shomeisho shonin shorai shorui shotai shotai shimas shots RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 205 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG taxi- perhaps to enjoy plenty of ..., a taxi rank to try u much; many; a to ask boring important u u most embassy kite-flying flat supply Pacific Ocean Pacific bored a lot, lots (na) (na) correct, right table tennis table no unten-shu birthday height paddy field u u u perhaps, maybe most; mostly, most of sun high; expensive; tall free of charge free kite san no … shelf typhoon bamboo valley san san (no) shi-noriba shi wae u u u u u u oneself lot, lots driver tak taitei no o chigau desh tabun not lot of ... the time tanoshimimas tako tako-age tak tak tak tak tak tambo tameshimas tana tani tanjobi tanomimas tada tadashi taifu o Taiheiy taikuts taikuts taira (na) taisets taishikan taitei taiyo takai takasa take tak·kyu tabun do ka? u I don’t like I don’t hydrofoil to live to live to sit down frequent the other day thanks; sorry; sen u I like it I like too u food every to eat u plumber u u waterskiing straightaway; in a in the corner u cool sour switch Wednesday well done! well cigarette everything trainers mae ni super, great supermarket at once, immediately; sand corner u u u you like ...? like you may I? may it suki des suki ja arimasen sumi ni sugoi! sug soon minute T tabako tabemas tabemono tabitabi (no) suna sunde imas sunika supa sup·pai suwarimas suzushi suki: … ga suki des sumi sumimasen sugoi suichu-yok suido-ya suijo-ski suit·chi Suiyobi sujits subete no subete sug -sugimas

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLSu 206 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 206 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLTo 207 ) to arrive, to u to lock in to help tissues, u to stop; to stay u rear lights rear to switch off to switch alcove at the top at the clear Tokyo Bay Tokyo u to fly u distant u arrival sometimes shimas barber’s railway boarding pass boarding super express train super express u cupboard especially of house: Japanese-style ) place; someone’s (pepa) u u television tent clock, watch crockery u toilet, room rest tenth (no) ni daimas do pottery u u metropolis far u u with, accompanying; and; pagoda; ten engine address Kleenex® get in house door ( ( tomemas tojiki tojikomemas tojoken tok toka tokei toki tokidoki tok·kyu tok tokonoma tokoro toko-ya Tokyowan tomarimas tomei (no) tep·pen ni tep·pen terebi teru-ramp tets tets tis·sh to -to to tobimas tochak tochak todana toi toire tento ) left lug- baggage are you are in shop to arrange even if even kari-jo ka? Emperor of Emperor to get, to fetch u to visit u u u reasonable; inex- certainly forwarding u there’s not there’s polite exhibition help! -az -uketori-jo gloves baggage; hand lug- scheduled flight u u pavilion rail pass for example certain, sure manager ( letter moped straw mat straw wrist notebook; diary flannel; towel weather kete! nemas u u hand claim gage (office), baggage checkroom pensive tashika ni tashika des gage sure? Japan enough tenjikan tenki o-Heika Ten·n tenrankai tenso-saki tencho te ni iremas tenimots tenimots tenimots techo tegami (na) tegoro tehai shimas teiki-bin teikiken teinei (na) tekubi tas tatami tatoeba tatoe …-temo taz te tebukuro tansha taoru tarimasen tashika RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 207 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG it’s a it’s ) aisle seat ) to take, to u supplement, to lead one’s own one’s to make to make on top of ... finger buggy dull, uninterest- deal polish u to arrive toe u wristwatch end of a road end of about, concerning cold u first okin interpreter wife ( nail ( strong eventually u rainy season rainy twin room moon tour home classifier for lettersclassifier for arm upstairs; above yoi kimas kurimas ma maranai masaki me metai ki kiatari u u u u u u u u u u rogawa no seki urogawa uyak ujite imas lead deal extra charge … no ue ni sore de te o uchimasho de sore ing ue ts tsuyadashi ts tsuyu ts U ubaguruma uchi uchimasho ude udedokei ts ts ts ts ts ts ts -tsu tsua tsuika-ry tsuin tsui ni tsuitach tsuite no ts ikimas tsurete ts ts ) TV, ) ) time US ) ), ( person the day after the day I’m tired to fetch; to to keep to keep of car to get out, to to cancel registration u old ( business ta delicious, excel- to change, to u u i u to use suddenly to switch on ( to switch friend u u convenient ( convenient tired next u to take, to accept stuck gi no hi tunnel Oriental, Eastern i boot ( u quite; very, extreme- deal ( u sweatshirt ban·go u mountaineering through handle age; city; year ) u zen ni bird street u kaimas kamaemas karemash kareta kemas gi (no) gono kaeta u u u u u u u u catch ly; so; a lot lent sono ts take out take number, license number trunk lights replace ts ts ts ts ts tot·te tot·te okimas toyo(no) tozan ts ts ts toshi toshi o tot·ta totemo totemo oishi tots tot·te toridashimas torihiki torikaemas torikeshimas torimas torok tomodachi ton·neru torank torena tori tori

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLTo 208 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 208 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLYa 209 ) pol so am I, I am ) ) ) u u it’s mine it’s do you pol pol we pol we our; ours des u us I ( I don’t under- I don’t I ( o my; mine ( ka? to forget me too me ( I to understand I my; mine to laugh u u side street u me u deliberately going Dutch discount burn badly shi (ga) shi no shi o shi wa kettle indicator paper bad; ill u u u u u bay watashi mo s watashi no des watashi wa … des wakarimasen watashi mo wakarimas understand? so do I stand yakan yakedo watashi no watashi o watashi wa watashitachi (ga) watashitachi no watashitachi o watashitachi wa waza to winka Y wakimichi wan waraimas waribiki warikan warui waruk washi wasuremas watak watak watak watak watashi (ga) wakarimas driving ) to lie, to tell receptionist to drive to drive to move to move to accept u at reception u colour for sale u u to accept u beautiful driver to sing reception desk reception at the back kimas to sell fortunately saucer shut up! u u ke de pale ( shore noisy happy, glad u ke ke-gakari kemas u young up u Japanese-style u u u horse weak; thin; light, pale sea kushi wool back song subject particle luck u licence urusai! ue ni ukets untruth W wa wafu wakai ushiro ni ushiro uso o ts usu-… usui uta utaimas uts untenshu un·yok ura i uresh uridashi-chu urimas uru urusai ukezara uma umi umibe un untem·menkyosho unten shimas ugokashimas uketorimas ukets ukets ukets RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 209 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG it ) u ) ) to book, to ticket etc u on finger to post, to mail postcode, zip comfortable puppet drunk poisonous of room post office no honkyok don’t do that! don’t u famous u u valid ( valid evening meal evening : bai ni yorimas slowly fair, funfair (na) reservation; appoint- ring ( u shimas than four evening cotton dressing gown cotton dressing u forty weak post, mail u form, document u u loose last night schedule four-star petrol u floor ( night finger snow depends code main post office ment reserve yusoshimas yut·tari shita yubi-nin·gyo yubinkyok yubinkyok yubiwa yudok yuen yuenchi yugata yuka yukata yuki yuk·kuri yuko(na) yumei (na) yurui yushok yorimas yorimo yoru yoshi yoshinasai! yotei yot·ts yowai yoyak yoyak yube yubi yubimban·go yubin yon-ju yop·parat·ta ) ) ) in mountains to lie down stop it! quarter to burn Western u medicinal u greedy ready helpful; useful trouble trouble sharp u four hundred cabin ( to read soft pharmacy polluted good! u u u foreign cigarettes foreign Western-style easy bath, bathtub herbs ( holiday, vacation dirt greengrocer’s eight clothes ( thin, skinny fourth dawn u baseball mountain cheap, inexpensive; vegetables side often roof eighth u u kireru ni tats so bari (na) so four u u u u u u low yoko ni narimas yok yom-bun no ichi yomimas yomok yon yon-hyak yoi ga dekita yok yoka yokat·ta! yok yok·ka yok yoko yasumi yat·ts yawarakai yoake yofu(no) yofuk yogore yogoreta yamagoya yamete kudasai! yane yao-ya yasai yasashi yaseta yasui yakedo shimas yakedo yak·kai-goto yak·kyok yak yak yakyu yama

Japanese ➜ English

ABCDEFGHIJKLYa 210 RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 210 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English ABCDEFGHIJKLZu 211 ) pants certainly ! US u what a all of it luxurious altogether Zen temple floor cushion Zen garden Zen priest not in the least (na) magazine the whole lot, all of Customs last time starter, appetizer trousers, ( much, a lot more headache u statue not! shame!,a pity! it’s sore zembu sore them zut·to zensai Zen-so Zen-tei zenzen zet·tai chigaimas zo zubon zutsu zeikan zeitak zembu zembu de Zen-dera zenkai Z zabuton zan·nen (des)! zas·shi RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 211 Page 11:45 15/02/06 Japanese-English.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE Japanese-English.qxd 15/02/06 11:45 Page 212 RG New JAPANESE Signs.qxd 16/02/06 18:39 Page 213

Japanese ➜ English Signs and Notices Contents SignsGeneral ...... 215 Airport, Planes ...... 215 Banks, Money...... 216 ...... 216 Bus Travel Countries, Nationalities ...... 217 Customs ...... 218 Days ...... 218 Emergencies ...... 218 Entertainment ...... 219 Ferry, Services Boat ...... 220 Forms ...... 220 Garages...... 220 Geographical Terms ...... 221 Hairdresser’s, Beauty Salon ...... 221 Health ...... 222 Hiring, Renting ...... 222 Hotels...... 222 Festivals...... 223 and Culture Japanese Lifts (Elevators)...... 223 Medicines...... 224 Months...... 224 Notices on Doors...... 224 Phones ...... 225 Place Names...... 225 OfficePost ...... 226 HolidaysPublic ...... 226 Restaurants, Bars Cafés and ...... 227 Road Signs...... 228 Shopping ...... 228 and RoadsStreets ...... 230 Taxis...... 230 Timetables ...... 231 Toilets...... 231 Types...... 231 Train Travel ...... 232 and Underground Train Hostels...... 233 Youth

Japanese ➜ English: Signs and Notices 214 RG New JAPANESE Signs.qxd 16/02/06 18:39 Page 214 Page 18:39 16/02/06 Signs.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE Signs.qxd 16/02/06 18:39 Page 215 Japanese General Signs gh shup·patsu departure(s) !" otona adult ijk ikisaki destination #$ kodomo child lmnop … iki bound %& kiken danger for … ➜

'() nomimizu drinking qr keiyu via English: Signs and Notices water stu tojoguchi boarding *+,-./ gate … okotowari … forbidden vwx tojoken boarding pass 01 an·nai information yz{ geto gate 23456789: |} higashi-guchi east exit ;<= shibafu ni (or entrance) hairanaide kudasai keep off ~¡ kita-guchi north exit the grass (or entrance) >?@ABC tachiiri- ¢£ minami-guchi south kinshi keep out exit (or entrance) DEF kinryoku no fishing ¤¥ nishi-guchi west exit GH kin·en no smoking (or entrance) IJ kosho out of order ¦§ koku airline KL gomi litter ¨©ª kokuken airline ticket MNOPQR gomi «¬ Zen-Nik·ku All steruna no litter Nippon Airways STUV odanhodo !"# kokunai-sen pedestrian crossing domestic airlines WXY shizukani quiet, $%& kokusai-sen please international airlines '()* Nihon-Koku Airport, Planes Japan Airlines +, yoyaku reservations Z[ kuko airport -. an·nai information \]^_ kuko-basu /01 an·nai-gakari airport bus information desk `ab kokubin flight 234567 cd bim·mei flight number tenimotsu-uketori-jo baggage ef tochaku arrival(s) claim

215 ) US ) josha -uriba bound table of table u u -noriba enter at u VAT, ( book of municipal bus stop bus u pound in Tokyo … iki kip·p bas bus terminalbus -tei no charge u ticket toei-bas bus station bus bus valid dollar u u shi-bas kaisuken unchin-hyo pondo bas shohi-zei kip·p yuko doru bas muryo yen -taminaru -senta u u en yen wa mae tobira kara consumption tax consumption sterling fares bus bas ( bus municipal office ticket bas point boarding bus for … tickets KLMNOPQ 01234 567 89:; <=>?@ AB CDE FGH IJ ¦ § ¨© ª«¬ Bus Travel ® ¯°±²³´ !"# $%&'( )*+,-./ ¡¢ £¤¥ -in u eto credit duty- u -kawase u chek·k bureau de bureau counter kawase-r credit card credit -chek·k transfer fee kozaban·go kado-ka gaikok kawase-tegata u fee charged bank bank account ogaejo ado o ry menzei-ten menzei-ten okin -kawase-konin-ginko u koza ry yury madoguchi furikae ginko traberaz account number banker’s draft banker’s cheque traveller’s kurejit·to-k foreign exchange foreign exchange rate gaikok authorized foreign exchange bank check-in h change, exchange foreign cards accepted cards free shop free uvwx yz {| }~ _`abcdefg ijklmnop qrst NOPQ RS TUVWX YZ [\]^ Banks, Money Banks, AB CDEFGHIJ KLM 89:;<= >?@

Japanese ➜ English: Signs and Notices 216 RG New JAPANESE Signs.qxd 16/02/06 18:39 Page 216 Page 18:39 16/02/06 Signs.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English: Signs and Notices 217 North e France; eshia Sueden Spain; person u Italy; Russia; Germany; Noru Firipin Mar Yorop·pa South Korea; USA u India; Indian u u New Zealand New Japan; Japanese …-jin Spein Frans Itaria Roshia Doits Indo Kita-Chosen France; French Germany; German Japan; Japanese u u USA Beikok Kankok Nihon Bei Futs Dok Nichi u-Jirando German Norway; Norwegian Philippines; Filipina Sweden; Swedish Malaysia; Malay Ny Europe; European Korea; North Korean Spanish Italian South Korean Russian French RS 45678 9:;< =>?@A BCD EF GHIJ KLMNOP Q ¯°±² ³ ´µ¶ ¸ ¹º» ¼½¾¿ ! "# $%&'( )*+,-./0 123 ª«¬® u kosha fare box exit at fare box England; excess fare Canada; u Dem·mak China; Britain; British; u Oranda Igiris Amerika tsugi-wa-teisha out of service u Australia; okin-bako gok Kanada seisanjo ry unchim-bako Eikok kaiso Chu Britain; British; toraria Ei u wa ushiro tobira kara tobira wa ushiro Canadian English; Britain; British Chinese Australian office England; English Denmark; Danish Holland; Dutch America;American Os stopping at the next stop stopping at front door front England; English rear door rear {|}~¡ ¢£¤¥ ¦§¨© tu vwx yz hijk lmnopqr s _` abcd efg Countries, Nationalities RSTUVWX YZ[ \]^ RG New JAPANESE Signs.qxd 16/02/06 18:39 Page 217 Page 18:39 16/02/06 Signs.qxd JAPANESE New RG oin first- u-set·to police fire u-teate Sunday u-ban hijo- u-by Friday uky fire Saturday ky kasai-hochiki oky u-sha u-bako uky police -to-ban -ju-ky breakdown ky hospital u u uky uky emergency call shobosho shokaki hinan·guchi hijoguchi Doyobi Nichiyobi ky ky bi Kin·yo oin hyak hyak kosho keisats by > ' first-aid kit,kit emergency alarmfire emergency exit emergency exit ambulance ambulance; brigade fire emergency hospital first aid Thursday extinguisher yobidashi aid box brigade TUVWXY 6789: 110 ?@ ABCDE FGH IJK LMN OPQ RS °±² ³´µ Emergencies !"# 119 () *+,- ./012 345 ®¯ -shinsa Monday Customs u zeikan- Japanese Wednesday departure Tuesday obi -jin Customs u yobi entry a into u -kanri ·y entry card, u quarantine u u u Customs nyukok zeikan-shinsa chi-sho u Gets Kayobi Suiyobi Mok Nihon-jin -yoshi gaikok -kado u u nyukok ken·eki shuk·kok nyukok zeikan u country from a country from landing card shuts immigration nyukok entry examination foreigners zeikan-kok Customs check declaration formdeclaration declaration form shinkok nationals Days ¡¢£ ¤¥¦ §¨© ª«¬ uvwxy z{| }~ ijklm nopq rst _`abcd ef gh Customs Customs TU VWXY Z[\]^

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Japanese ➜ English: Signs and Notices 228 RG New JAPANESE Signs.qxd 16/02/06 18:39 Page 228 Page 18:39 16/02/06 Signs.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English: Signs and Notices 229 fruit fujin- ohin-ten menswear odo-ten ry u fishmonger pharmacy pharmacy greengrocer’s food rek u florist off-licence, kimonos optician kiosk market launderette, shok ohin daidokoro-y hin perfumery ladies’ wear (-uriba) u u shashin-ya kudamono-ya kudamono-ya kanamono-ya yao-ya suri-ya u ichiba saka-ya kosui k yak·kyok shok kimono baiten sakana-ya sakana-ya hana-ya (-uriba) u fuk department department record shop,record store music koin-randori shinshifuk megane(-ten) shop photography grocer’s store hardware kitchen goods shop laundromat liquor store CDEFG )* +,-./01 23 456789 :; <= >? @AB ÏÐ ÑÒÓ ÔÕÖ ×ØÙÚ ÛÜÝ Þß àá âãäå æçèéêëì !"#$%&'( ËÌ ÍÎ odio- cake shop cake cosmetics electrical coffee shop baker’s pay here pay ato ohin butcher’s ki-ya dry cleaner’s bookshop, bookshop, e denki-seihin okashi-ya dep kamera-ya setomono-ya kot·tohin-ten cashier (-uriba) k u china -ya cash desk, cashier denki-ya kesh pan-ya okanjo -ten u kis·saten u audio and hi-fi toki hon-ya shoten nik reji reji kaikei ining bookstore seihin bookstore goods shop equipment kur electrical goods china shop confectioner’s, candy store department store camera shop kodomofuk wear children’s antique shop, curiosity shop ½¾¿ÀÁÂÃ ÄÅÆÇ ÈÉÊ ®¯° ±²³´ µ¶¸ ¹º»¼ wxyz {|}~ ¡¢£¤¥¦§ ¨© ª«¬ nop qr st uv \] ^_ `ab cdef ghijklm RG New JAPANESE Signs.qxd 16/02/06 18:39 Page 229 Page 18:39 16/02/06 Signs.qxd JAPANESE New RG late- taxi -doro floor kojin- mid- u shi oikoshi-sen u taxi rank ugen square for hire, free tak …-kai kansen-doro kosok fare meter lane road roof escalator och o year-end sale year-end mini-cab eta hiroba hiroba kusha okj rosen doro shi shi-noriba kar u u u okin-meta night fare yakan-warimashi-ryokin lane for overtaking tak ry es arterial road, trunk road motorway,highway uridashi uridashi tak summer presents summer áâãäå æç Taxis èéêë ìíîïðñ òóôõö÷ øù !"#$%& '()*+,-. ÈÉÊËÌÍÎ ÏÐÑÒ ÓÔ and Streets Roads ÕÖ ×Ø ÙÚÛÜ ÝÞßà ÅÆÇ - u -ya u second- bargains saimats omocha- special og sports supermarket u sale now on sale now ouridashi omocha-ya year-end gifts year-end shoe shop a travel agency travel sale p bagen ryokogaisha shitagi-uriba bumb u -ya s u ote o furenaide -kakak seru furuhon-ya furuhon-ya miyage-ten u oseibo please do not touch -yohin-ten kuts toy department toy u bets u ots shop kudasai seru-jis·shi-chu tok bargains, sale toy shop toy ryokodairi-ten agency travel department underwear sp stationery shop souvenir shop souvenir ¢£¤ uriba price hand bookshop/bookstore ¸¹º» ¼½¾ ¿ÀÁÂÃÄ ¥¦§¨ ©ª«¬ ®¯° ±²³´µ¶ jklmn opqr stuv wxyz{|}~¡ WXYZ [\]^ _`abcd efghi HIJ KL MNO PQRSTUV

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Japanese ➜ English: Signs and Notices 232 RG New JAPANESE Signs.qxd 16/02/06 18:39 Page 232 Page 18:39 16/02/06 Signs.qxd JAPANESE New RG Japanese ➜ English: Signs and Notices 233 kitchen shower a kitchen shop launderette, kit·chin shaw youth hostel youth daidokoro daidokoro baiten yus-hosteru koin-randori laundromat ÊËÌÍÎÏÐ ÑÒ ÓÔÕÖ ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞ ßà áâãä Youth Hostels Hostels Youth uko uko koin- dining south east exit ishitsbuts- ) subway west exit west north exit US left luggage full luggage, baggage owasure-mono migigawa-ts lost property hidarigawa-ts map out of service chikatets machiai-shits o-sha shokd coin-operated locker coin-operated nishi-guchi higashi-guchi kita-guchi minami-guchi chizu man·in kaiso nimots car a rok·k office, baggage checkroom exit (or entrance) (or entrance) (or entrance) underground, ( keep to the rightkeep lost property,lost and found room waiting to the left keep ichiji-azkari-jo ichiji-azkari-jo carriage … office, lost and found toriatskai-jo (or entrance) ÅÆ ÇÈÉ ¿À ÁÂ ÃÄ ®¯° ±²³ ´µ ¶¸¹º »¼½¾ xyz{|}~ ¡¢£¤¥¦ §¨©ª«¬ opq rs tu vw RG New JAPANESE Signs.qxd 16/02/06 18:39 Page 233 Page 18:39 16/02/06 Signs.qxd JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE Signs.qxd 16/02/06 18:39 Page 234 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 235

Menu Reader: Food RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 236 Menu Reader: Food ABCDEFGHIJKL 237 Contents Terms Essential . . . . 238 ...... Basic Foods.. . . . 239 ...... and Cooking MethodsBasic Preparation ...... 239 . . Basic Set Meals...... 239 ...... DishesBean Curd ...... 239 ...... Dishes.Beef and Beef . . . . . 240 ...... Biscuits, Cakes, Sweets and Crackers . . . . 240 ...... Chicken, etc Poultry . . . . . 241 ...... Chinese Food...... 241 ...... Condiments, Herbs, and Pickles Spices . . 242 ...... Desserts ...... 242 ...... Eggs and Egg Dishes...... 243 . Fish ...... 244 ...... Fish Dishes ...... 245 ...... Fruit, Nuts and Seeds...... 246 ...... Lunch Boxes ...... 246 ...... Meat and Meat Dishes...... 246 ...... 247 . . Terms Menu Noodles ...... 247 ...... Dishes and Pork Pork ...... 249 Rice and Rice Dishes ...... 249 Salads ...... 250 Snacks...... 250 ...... Soups...... 250 ...... Appetizers.Starters ...... 251 and Sushi Dishes ...... 251 Vegetables ...... 252 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 237 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG DEF JKLM 01234 #$ ?@A ()*+ ;<=> !" RSTU NOPQ 567 hashi %&' shoyu BC 89: GHI chahan ) gohan ,-./ menrui dezato o onegai shimas spun u meny sup teburu sara naif chawan chawan kop·p kop·p fok kap·p boiled ( could I have the bill, please? okanjo `abcdefghi soup soy sauce spoon table excuse me! chot·to sumimasen! VWXYZ[\]^_ fork fried rice glass knife menu noodles plate rice Essential Terms Essential bowl chopsticks cup dessert

Menu Reader: Food 238 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 238 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 239

Basic Foods Basic Set Meals Menu Reader: Food

jk pan bread 12 teishoku set meal lmn bata butter with rice, soup, pickles and op miso fermented main dish of meat or fish soybean paste 34567 higawari- qrstu kechap·pu teishoku set meal of the day ketchup 89:;<= tempura- v abura oil teishoku set meal with wxyz kosho pepper deep-fried prawns {| shio salt >?@AB unagi- }~¡¢ shoyu soy sauce teishoku set meal with eel £¤¥ sato sugar CDEF yakizakana- teishoku set meal with fried Basic fish Preparation and GHIJ yakiniku- teishoku set meal with

Cooking Methods ABCDEFGHIJKL grilled meat ¦§¨©ª«¬ KLMNOP tonkatsu- babekyu shita barbecued teishoku set meal with pork ®¯° yudeta boiled QRST sashimi- ±²³´µ donabe de teishoku set meal with raw nita casseroled fish ¶¸ nita cooked ¹º» ageta deep-fried Bean Curd Dishes ¼½¾ hoshita dried ¿ÀÁ yaita grilled UV tofu bean curd ÂÃÄ tsuketa pickled WXY abura-age deep- ÅÆÇÈÉÊ rosto fried bean curd shita roast Z[ dengaku grilled !"# mushita steamed bean curd on a wooden $%&' nikonda stewed skewer ()* itameta stir-fried +,-./0 tsumemono shita stuffed

239 -keki u u rice éclair ket·to rice biscuits, chiz chokoreto u Japanese- popped donat·ts shio-sembei bis cake rice cakes sembei ekurea zenzai kuk·ki wata-ame cream puff cream wagashi okoshi keki okashi u mochi shukurim doughnut with rice flavoured crackers salt biscuits, cookies candy floss, cotton candy cheesecake chocolate confectionery crackers flavoured with soy flavoured crackers cake with sweet bean with sweet cake sauce rice confectionery cookies style confectionery KLMN 12345 6789 :;< =>? @ABC DE FGHIJ ³´µ¶¸ ³´µ¶¸ ¹º»¼ ½¾¿ ÀÁÂÃ ÄÅÆÇÈÉ !"#$%& '() *+,-./0 Biscuits, Cakes, Biscuits, and Crackers Sweets sirloin rosto- beef beef and steak roin saroin gyuteriyaki fried beef beef eki beef cooked beef u u st bifuteki tep·pan·yaki sliced beef with u sukiyaki u bif yakinik gyunik shab u roast beef roast u steak shab beef cooked in soy sauce in soy beef cooked and sake beef and vegetables grilledbeef and vegetables at the table gyushogayaki vegetables boiled at the boiled vegetables table marinated sauce in soy vegetables cooked with soy cooked vegetables at the table sauce in a pot bif in soy sauce with ginger in soy ¤¥¦§¨ ©ª«¬® ¯°±² pqrst uvwx yz {|}~¡¢£ efgh efgh ijklmno Beef and Beef Beef Dishes \] ^_` abcd

Menu Reader: Food 240 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 240 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG Menu Reader: Food ABCDEFGHIJKL 241 fried bean deep- deep- u noodles fried fried crab chahan dango yasai-itame yakisoba ramen Chuka-ryori mabodof kara-age harumaki gyoza u noodles in hap·posai nik kanitama o shchimench fried vegetables meatballs noodles fried in a wok chashumen Chinese-style cuisine Chinese-style turkey in spicy sauce curd fried pieces of pork or chicken omelette bouillon with slices of pork pork with vegetables in bouillon rice fried spring rolls dumplings stuffed with minced pork ÇÈÉ !"#$% &'() *+, -./0 1234 56789:;< Chinese Food Chinese ¯°±² ³´µ¶ ¸¹º »¼½¾ ¿ÀÁÂ ÃÄÅÆ ¬® rice- rosto- shoto- sponge sweet goose soft, poultry wafers tera breast u manju quail chicken gacho kas oshiruko kuzumochi yokan u yakitori pheasant sasami uzura tori-ryori monaka kiji torinik roast chicken roast sponge cake with fresh sponge cake sweet bean paste sweet dishes cream and strawberriescream barbecued chicken on a barbecued chicken skewer triangles of arrowroot triangles of arrowroot sugar jelly in brown syrup sauce cake bean soup with rice cake flour cakes with sweet bean with sweet flour cakes paste chikin keki filled with sweet bean paste filled with sweet wxy z{|} ~¡ ¢£¤ ¥¦§¨©ª« no pqr stuv klm Chicken, Poultry etc XYZ[\]^ XYZ[\]^ _`ab cdef ghij OPQRS OPQRS TUVW RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 241 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG - u kohi- yellow crepe desserts soy sauce soy ap·puru- u crushed ice ·an chocolate u u thick sweet salad dressing u kori-remon kurep uji-kintoki shoyu tak dezato chokoreto-ais u salt uji-gori -sos u chocolate ice cream shio vinegar u coffee-flavoured jelly coffee-flavoured chokoreto-sande apple pie su radish pickles crushed ice with lemon chokoreto-mus chocolate sundae crushed ice with green tea bean paste syrup and sweet tonkats dores·shing kurim mousse fruity sauce with green tea syrup zeri pai Z DEFG mnop HIJKLMNOP QRSTUVWXY [\]^_`a bcde fgh ijkl xy xy !"#$ %&'()*+ , -./0 Desserts 1234 56789: ;<=>?@ABC rstuvw u noodles dried, ginger pepper miso- Japanese mustard sweet and sweet parsley mayonez shumai ba u pork kosho shoga fermented Japanese basil Japanese tam·men karashi paseri mits umeboshi subuta noodles in bouillon noodles shiso nat·to ramen in bouillon with vegetables in bouillon coriander with fermented soybean paste mayonnaise wantam·men wantam·men in steamed pork meatballs thin pastry sour pork pickled sour Japanese plums soybeans dumplings, in served noodles bouillon with ab cdefg hij klm nopq XY Z[\] ^_` Condiments, Herbs, Spices and Pickles UVW GHIJKL MNOPQ RST =>?@AB =>?@AB CDEF

Menu Reader: Food 242 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 242 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG Menu Reader: Food ABCDEFGHIJKL 243 u - u u u crab otoshi- hanjuk medama-yaki yude-tamago tamago-yaki omurais yoguruto caramel -kurim u omurets chawam·mushi egg purin kanitama poached egg strawberryice cream u e i-sand storober banira-ais tamago fried egg egg hard-boiled omelette omelette Japanese-style omelette with rice with egg custard savoury and fish strawberry sundae ice cream vanilla yoghurt omelette kurim custard tamago D 7 pqrst NOPQR STUVW XYZ[ \]^_` abcde fghijk lmno 89: ;<=>?@ABC EFGHI Eggs and Egg Dishes J KLM ./0123456 - - u u - - u u ais fruts fruts u remon- shabet·to mame u remon-pai mousse u jelly mits am·mits kori-azki kori-meron kori-ichigo i-ais storober mus zeri fruit cocktail, fruit ice cream lemon soufflé u re fruit jelly u suf kurim salad sorbet lemon pie gelatin cubes and sweet of bean paste with pieces fruit gelatin cubes with sweet bean paste and pieces of fruit crushed sweet ice with bean paste syrup crushed ice with melon syrup crushed ice with strawberry syrup *+,- sarada zeri ËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒÓ !"#$%&'() µ¶¸¹º»¼ ½¾¿ ÀÁÂÃÄ ÅÆÇÈÉÊ ®¯° ±²³´ yz{| yz{| }~¡¢£¤¥ ¦§¨©ª«¬ qrst qrst uvwx RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 243 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG scallops mussels lobster u razor medium scallops Pacific pike, loach sea bass sardines u kuruma-ebi taraba-gani salmon roe raw fish raw ki u nijimas tachi-uo dojo ise-ebi anko sea eel tairagi muru-gai mackerel salmon hotategai octopus sea smelt oyster sea urchin ikura iwashi suz -toro chu-toro sam·ma kamas sea bream u kis uni sashimi sake kai-bashira tai hamo saba tako kaki fatty tuna shell ligament rainbow trout rainbow fish scabbard monkfish prawns king crab saury barracuda ¤¥ ¦§ _`ab cd efgh ij klm nop qrst uvwx yz {|} ~¡ ¢£ ;<=> ;<=> ?@AB CD EFG HIJK LMNO PQ RS TUV WXY Z[\]^ 6789: 6789: u clams dried flying tamago- boiled jellyfish flatfish bonito, cod roe corbicula conger eel abalone herring kim·me-dai tamago-dof eel ark shell kazunoko karasumi tobi-uo hamaguri blowfish crab cod carp nishin kurage unagi hirame tarako anago shijimi awabi u mirugai katsuo horse mackerel soft-boiled egg soft-boiled aji koi tara kani akagai fug soup with egg soup with u sup mullet roe mullet fish gold-eyed bream gold-eyed herring roe tamago tamago steamed egg tunny round clams round *+, -./0 12 345 ÃÄÅÆ ÇÈÉ ÊËÌ !"#$ %&'() ¯° ±²³´ µ¶ ¸¹º »¼½ ¾¿À ÁÂ Fish ¢£¤ ¥¦ §¨ ©ª« ¬® uvwxyz uvwxyz {|}~¡

Menu Reader: Food 244 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 244 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG Menu Reader: Food ABCDEFGHIJKL 245 raw deep- rice in a fish and aji no fish and -sashi -chiri robata-yaki u u raw fish raw vegetables vegetables fug fug tempura takoyaki raw fish on riceraw tek·kadon yosenabe oden chopped raw horse chopped raw sashimi sushi nabemono bowl topped with slices of topped bowl tuna raw shredded blowfish in blowfish shredded chowder vegetable charcoal-grilled fish and vegetables dumplings with small pieces of octopus fried and seafood vegetables sliced blowfish and fish dumplings stewed soup,in a thin soy served hot on rice in a bowl vegetables cooked in a pot cooked vegetables at the table vegetables cooked in a pot cooked vegetables at the table balls tataki mackerel, mild ginger and herbs fg hi jklm nop qrst uvw STUVWX STUVWX YZ[\ ]^_` ab cde NOPQR NOPQR smelt turtle trepang tuna broiled eel broiled whitebait -ryori u top-shell shita-birame smoked broiled eel broiled whale u swordfish turbot short-necked kabayaki fug sup·pon shishamo trout shark type of shark soft, fatty pink yellowtail u sweet smelt sweet shrimps, prawns squid unaju unadon kujira shiras kajiki sazae namako maguro karei asari -samon u buri mas fuka toro toro ika ayu same ebi on rice blowfish cuisine blowfish eel broiled sumok sole salmon clam belly of tuna DEFG HIJ KLM 89: ;<= >? Fish Dishes @ABC !"# $%& '() *+ ,-. /01 2345 67 ¼½ ¾¿ÀÁÂ ÃÄ ÅÆ ¨© ¨© ª«¬ ® ¯°±² ³´µ¶¸¹º» RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 245 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG u chops roru- u u deep- bacon babekyu rets fillet u walnuts strawberries u tangerine hambag makunouchi- watermelon bekon abaranik korok·ke kats boxed lunch boxed sesame seeds sesame (see also beef, ham kushi-age hirenik mikan mikan kurumi suika ichigo ichigo cabbage rolls filled cabbage rolls meat u ham bento goma boxed lunch with boxed u nik bento barbecue croquettes cutlets rice, meat and vegetables fried meat on skewers kyabets with minced meat chicken, poultry etc and pork) chicken, poultry etc and !" #$%&' s tuvw xyz{|} ~¡¢£¤¥¦ §¨©ª «¬® ¯°±² ³´µ ¶¸¹ cde cde fgh ijk Boxes Lunch lm nopqr Meat and Meat Dishes ^_ ^_ `ab u fruit u gingko figs fruit orange plum u banana u lemon melon pinat·ts amondo sakurambo kokonat·ts apple grapes peach grapefruit orenji orenji ichijik gin·nan kudamono fruts pineapple pear Japanese plum Japanese persimmon, u chestnuts sumomo zakuro meron meron budo remon rin·go banana momo nashi kaki ume kuri -fruts u nuts sharon fruit sharon painap·puru pomegranate peanuts grep almonds cherries coconut RSTUVW XYZ [\] @AB CDEF GH IJKLM NO PQ ()*+ ,-./ 01234567 89: ;< =>? §¨© ª«¬ ®¯°± !" #$%&' Fruit, Nuts and Nuts Fruit, Seeds xyz{ |}~¡ ¢£¤¥¦

Menu Reader: Food 246 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 246 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG Menu Reader: Food ABCDEFGHIJKL 247 - u fruit very Itaria-ryori mein- Frans odoburu set meal thick soups u u somen shojin-ryori seiyo-ryori shirataki kudamono kudamono Nihon-ryori kaiseki-ryori kyodo-ryori vegetables buckwheat udon sup meat yasai soba teishok u main course French-style cuisine French-style u nik vegetarian cuisine cuisine Western-style translucent, thin noodles potato flour made from Italian-style cuisine Italian-style cuisine Japanese-style haute cuisine Japanese regional specialities starters, appetizers ryori noodles made from wheatflour noodles kos 4567 !" #$%& '()* Noodles +, -./ 0123 tuvw tuvw xyz{|} ~¡¢£ ¤¥¦§ ¨©ª«¬ ® ¯°±² ³´ µ¶¸ ¹º»¼½ nopqrs nopqrs - u ram veal meat- desserts menu u on the minced ki mutton u speyarib chanko-nabe soseji u liver dango tripe skewered lamb skewered a Chuka-ryori dezato menyu u lamb kidney u u tongue koushi-nik hikinik maton honets reb nik cheaper selection no osusume-hin u tan mots jinzo ram expensive selection expensive jo nami beef, pork or chicken no-kushiyaki honjits chef’s speciality of the day Chinese-style cuisine spare ribsspare thick meat and vegetable stew sausage hamburger filled dumplings bone efgh ijkl m UVW Menu Terms XYZ[ \ ]^_`abcd GHIJK LMNOP QR ST 234 567 89: ;<=>? @ABCDEF () () *+ ,-. /01 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 247 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG noodles noodles tempura- noodles noodles noodles in tororo-soba kare-namban -namban u nik kamo-namban noodles in fish ne-soba/udon u kimi-soba/udon kimi-soba/udon u bouillon with deep-fried shrimps tanuki-soba/udon okame-soba/udon nameko-soba/udon noodles in fish bouillon with pork or beef noodles in curry-flavoured noodles or beef soup with pork bouillon noodles in fish garnished with grated yam ts noodles in fish bouillon with chicken kits in fish bouillon with fish dumplings in fish bouillon with a raw in fish bouillon egg in fish bouillon with small mushrooms Japanese vegetables and meat vegetables in fish bouillon with deep- fried bean curd soba ÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎ ª«¬®¯ °±²³´µ¶¸¹ º»¼½¾¿ÀÁÂ ÃÄÅ opqrs opqrs tuvwxyz{ |}~ ¡¢£¤¥¦§¨© jklmn jklmn -soba u Chinese miso- cold cold champon kakitama gomok hiyashi-chuka ramen yakisoba Chinese ten-zaru Chinese noodles in ramen noodles in bouillon noodles served with deep- noodles served fried shrimps bouillon with fermented paste soybean noodles with sweet soy noodles with sweet sauce for dipping noodles and egg in fish soup noodles in bouillon with cold noodles with slices of in meat and vegetables vinegary sauce zaru-soba/udon Chinese noodles in salted bouillon with vegetables chashumen thin wheatflour vermicelli thin wheatflour soy-sauce cold with served sauce dipping friedChinese noodles in a wok noodles in bouillon with slices of pork bcde fghi VWXY Z[\]^_`a NOPQR STU <=>? <=>? @ABCDEFG HIJKLM 89:; 89:;

Menu Reader: Food 248 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 248 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG Menu Reader: Food ABCDEFGHIJKL 249 fried rice mono ke mono riceballs · · u rice bowl of bowl rice chahan broiled eel broiled rice don dom dom u u rice cakes onigiri ochaz unadon chukadon gohan rais unaju oyakodon kats kamameshi gyudon mochi dom·mono tendon tamagodon mono with soft eel mono with broiled mono with pork and mono with chicken mono with deep-fried · · · · · on rice dom eggs and onions scrambled dom dom vegetables dom and egg dom pork cutlet breaded with sliced beef steamed in fish bouillon rice on top with something rice with deep-fried shrimps in tea or fish bouillon §¨ nop qrs tu vwxyz {|}~ ¡¢ £¤¥¦ YZ[ \]^ _`a bc def ghi jk lm Rice and Rice Rice Dishes ki- u deep- buta- rosto- kare u u deep- batayaki kats buta-teriyaki honets pork pork don u u u tonkats pork cooked in pork cooked pork chop kats pok u butanik roast pork roast ankake-soba/udon u fried pork on rice soy sauce with ginger soy sliced pork (or beef) fried in butter pork cutlets with curry sauce in soy pork cooked and sake fish bouillon with small with fish bouillon of deep-friedpieces batter bouillon noodles in thick and with fish dumplings vegetables fried pork cutlets * shogayaki pok butanik TUVWX CDEFG HIJKL MNOPQRS 0123 456 789:; <=>?@AB Pork and Pork Dishes +, -./ !"#$%&'() RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 249 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG u usually -sup spaget·ti ga hamba nasando u toast sandoit·chi u soups tomorokoshi hamusando ts clear fish consommé soups ( u u hotdog sumashi-jiru tosto ) u ) onion-guratan- sup shirumono suimono yasai no kurim Japanese-style Western-style clear fish bouillon with meat, fish or vegetable konsome-sup soup of vegetable cream ham sandwich hot·todog·g cornroasted on the cob sandwich spaghetti tuna sandwich hamburger ( bouillon with meat, fish or vegetable º»¼ ° ±²³´µ¶¸¹ stu vw xy z{|} ~¡¢£¤¥¦ §¨©ª«¬®¯ MNOPQ MNOPQ RSTUVW XYZ[\] ^_`abc defghi jklm nopqr Soups GHIJKL GHIJKL - u rice chiz salad poteto- poteto- poteto- chikin-rais karerais hayashi- salad ) potato omurais mixed salad mixed US salad dressing u sarada nama-yasai potato salad s-sarada crisps, ( cheeseburger u u diced beef in gravy on chips, fries French baga sarada frai chip rais rice dores·shing mik·k rice with curry-flavoured stew with pieces of meat,with pieces fish and vegetables rice with chicken, cooked in tomato sauce chips wrapped in a plain wrapped in omelette ;<=>?@ ABCDEF ./0123 Snacks 456789: Salads ÁÂÃ ÄÅÆ !"#$%&' ()*+,- µ¶¸¹º µ¶¸¹º »¼½¾¿À ©ª«¬® ©ª«¬® ¯°±²³´

Menu Reader: Food 250 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 250 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG Menu Reader: Food ABCDEFGHIJKL 251 sushi raw sushi -zushi u tuna salad salami shrimps oshinko-maki chirashi- kap·pa-maki kuruma-ebi soseji nigiri-zushi gomok oshi-zushi saba-zushi raw fish on raw salmon oysters mushrooms sakana no tamago sarada sarami ko-ebi maguro u kaki sake sushi mixed raw fish on raw mixed zushi rice mixed fish and vegetables mixed on rice cucumber and seasoned rice wrapped in seaweed prawns roe sausage um mashr with vinegared mackerel with vinegared fish on seasoned riceballs cut in squares riceballs ³´µ¶¸ wxyz {|}~ ¡¢£¤¥ ¦§¨© ª«¬ ®¯°±² XY XY Z[\]^ _`a bcd efg hi jklmn opq rst Sushi Dishes uv QRSTUVW Jap- thick clams lobster caviar soup Chinese tomato- mami melon herring odoburu potaju u celery thick asparagus ise-ebi kyabia hamaguri ots ramen buckwheat u ham fruit juice crab nishin meron serori serori udon misoshiru misoshiru u ham kani soba onion soup au gratinonion -jus tomato soup u u u paragas u sup soup noodles in bouillon fruts as starters, appetizers sup noodles made from wheatflour in bouillon noodles in bouillon anese-style starter/appetizer with bean paste with bean =>?@ABCD EF GHI JKLM NOP *+,-./ 0123 456 789: ;< Starters and Appetizers !"#$% &'() ËÌ ÍÎÏ ÐÑÒÓ ½¾¿ ½¾¿ ÀÁÂÃÄ ÅÆÇÈÉÊ RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 251 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG u boiled u beetroot karifrawa carrot bean brown chicory chrysanth- puchi-tomato burok·kori mekyabets celery burdock root burdock beet u Chinese u beans corn on the kyabets ninjin tensai edamame ohitashi soramame sai u gobo serori chikori moyashi bits shimeji hak shun·gik mame mame morokoshi tomorokoshi Brussels sprouts cabbage cauliflower cherry tomatoes boiled green soybeans beans broad broccoli emum greens emum button mushrooms button spinach with seasoning sprouts soy sauce,soy and sesame sugar oil cabbage ¥¦§¨©ª cde fghi jklm nopqrs tuv wxyz{ |}~ ¡¢ £¤ >? >? @AB CDE FGHI JKLM NOPQ RSTU VWXYZ [\] ^_`ab sliced u baked very spicy very inari-zushi adzuki beans asparagus ki yaki-imo takenoko abokado norimaki tek·ka-maki chakin-zushi shinachik vegetables u aubergine, u u az wasabi nas yasai paragas u roll of rice, of roll or vegetables in wrapped gourd cooked seaweed bamboo shoots in bamboo shoots cooked as avocado seasoned rice wrapped in deep-fried bean curd tuna and seasoned rice wrapped in seaweed pickles and seasoned rice and seasoned pickles in seaweed wrapped seasoned rice wrapped in egg crepe horseradish with served sushi eggplant yam 2345 6789 :;<= #$% &'()*+ ,- ./01 ÊËÌ Vegetables !" ÂÃÄÅ ÂÃÄÅ ÆÇÈÉ ¹º»¼ ¹º»¼ ½¾¿ÀÁ

Menu Reader: Food 252 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 252 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG Menu Reader: Food ABCDEFGHIJKL 253 ) onion mash- maimo taro lotus u Western o horens spring mushrooms potato lettuce sats jagaimo radish okra soybeans seaweed u sweetcorn satoimo kabocha karashina tamanegi renkon renkon sesame seeds peas ) spring onions hijiki daizu wakegi kon kinoko okura poteto retas goma nira mushrooms ( mushrooms ka-daikon u u general term ( onions cooked in soy sauce and in soy cooked sugar hats spinach potato sweet pumpkin, squash greens mustard endomame potato root rum potato ÂÃÄÅ }~¡¢£¤¥ ¦§¨ ©ª «¬ ®¯°±²³ ´µ ¶¸¹ º»¼ ½¾¿ÀÁ VWXY VWXY Z[\]^_` abc defg hij klmn opqrst uvw xyz{| OPQ OPQ RSTU u edible leafy green garlic fried dried green u saya- endib take na cucumber edible u Japanese u zuk·kini kampyo kidney beans kidney mats kimpira nin·nik shishito piman shitake kikurage kyuri leeks dried seaweed komats wasabi nameko negi nori haricot beans ingen green horseradish burdock root and carrot root burdock chilli pepper pepper ingem·mame Japanese mushrooms,Japanese with aromatic a distinctive flavour endive cob courgette, zucchini dried shavings gourd cabbage mushrooms fungus tree fungus tree DEFGHI JKL MN 789:;< =>? @ABC '()* +,-. /012 3456 º»¼½ º»¼½ ¾¿ ÀÁÂ ÃÄÅÆ !"#$%& «¬®¯ «¬®¯ °±²³ ´µ¶¸¹ RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 253 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG yam type of ) tomato type of enokidake kureson yamaimo turnip wild butterbur tomato tomato wakame kombu fuki kabu green vegetable stalk green vegetable seaweed ( seaweed watercress mushrooms button yellow '()* '()* +, -./0 12345 ÆÇÈ ÆÇÈ ÉÊ !"# $%&

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Menu Reader: Drink RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 256 Menu Reader: Drink ABCDEFGHIJKL 257 Contents Terms Essential . . . . 258 ...... Beer, Spirits,Wine etc ...... 259 ...... etc...... 259 ...... Coffee,Tea Soft Drinks...... 260 ...... RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 257 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG HIJKLMNOP ^_`abcd QRSTUVWX mnop YZ[\ onegai shimasu ] mineraru-ua ot BCD tuvwx kudasai EFG jk ;<=> usu orenji-j l ?@A shiro-wain shiro-wain efg hitotsu qrs 678 9: hi sofuto-dorinku sake sake aka-wain aka-wain ocha uiski kohi bin sato mizu ) u kop·p wain wain ru biru miruku kap·pu kocha green ( a glass of sake o ip·pai sake ³´µ¶ … o hitotsu yz{|}~¡¢£ please another beer, biru o mo ¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±² tea water white wine wine whisky a cup of …, please glass milk mineral water orange juice wine red rice wine soft drink sugar Essential Terms Essential beer bottle coffee cup

Menu Reader: Drink 258 RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 258 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG Menu Reader: Drink ABCDEFGHIJKL 259 whisky vodka whisky coffee sweet uron-cha berumot·to uiski bitter green wine very strong, very black tea, black kohi uok·ka shiro-wain black coffee black tonic sparkling u o-nomimono gem·mai-cha mizuwari wain -kohi scotch on the rocks scotch mat·cha kocha amakuchi shochu -uota u u u similar to English tea rok·k Chinese tea beverages ban-cha tea with roasted rice burak spakuring tonik vermouth white wine transparent, spirit colourless tea made of fine tea powder with water ÀÁÂÃ Coffee, Tea etc Tea Coffee, ¨©ª «¬ ®¯ °±²³´µ¶¸ ¹º »¼½¾¿ ab cdefghijk lmnop qr stuv wxyz{ |}~ ¡¢£¤ ¥¦§ Z[\]^_` u local gin red u onza- poto-wain brandi jin-tonik rice wine dry matini jin-fiz Nihonshu rikyuru shampen Nihonshu beer aka-wain nama-biru rice wine ( rum zake u u biru gin rice wine heated rice wine jizake mas ram karakuchi jin ) chilled rice wine kan sake u ats hiya variety martini port gin tonic and liqueur champagne draught beer brandy served in wooden box cup box in wooden served wine fizz NO PQ RS TUVWXY >?@AB CDEFGH IJKL M )*+,-. /0123 45678 9:;<= ÁÂÃÄÅ ÁÂÃÄÅ ÆÇÈÉÊ !"#$ %& '( Beer, Spirits, Beer, etc Wine ¸¹º »¼½¾¿À RG New JAPANESE Menu Reader.qxd 15/02/06 21:19 Page 259 Page 21:19 15/02/06 Reader.qxd Menu JAPANESE New RG meron- pain- green, soda pop Pepsi® ichigo- edo remon milk iced water water with water mineral water uts-jus gurep-fr lemon squash saida soda-sui orange squash water tomato juice grape juice orange juice Pepusi ohiya miruk strawberry milk us mizu korimizu pineapple juice melon juice gyunyu orenji-j orenji-skash tomato-jus grapefruit juice gurep-jus lemonade remon-skash mineraru-uota ice sweet soda pop sweet jus jus pqrs pqrs !"#$%&'() *+, -./0123 4567 89:;< =>?@ABC DE FG tuvwxyz{ |}~¡ ¢£¤ ¥¦§¨© ª«¬®¯°± ²³´µ¶¸¹ º»¼ ½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅ ÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍ hijklmno iced miruk- rin·go- ais- tea miruk-ti kohi- ais-ti i remon-t Fanta® hot koka-kora sugar milk inexpensive cola medium- fanta hojicha green tea kora osato miruk kokoa kokoa coffee-flavoured ban-cha sencha ocha white coffee, coffee iced coffee apple juice chocolate gyunyu made with roasted ban-cha made with roasted leaves tea with large leaves tea with large with milk Coke® tea with milk lemon tea milk grade green tea kohi jus kohi tea \]^_` abc defg Soft Drinks OPQRSTU VWXYZ[ ;<= >?@A BCDEFG HIJKLMN ./ 012345 67 89: ÄÅ ÄÅ ÆÇÈ !"#$%& '()*+,-

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RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2

How the Language Works RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 20:25 Page 2

Pronunciation LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE Throughout this book, Japanese words have been transliter- ated into romanized form so that they can be read as though they were English, bearing in mind the notes on pronunciation given below. a as in rather e as in bed; e is always pronounced, even at the end of a word i like the ee in feet, but slightly shorter o as in not u as in put ae separate a followed by e, pronounced ah-eh ai as in Thai ei as in weight ie separate ee followed by e, pronounced ee-eh ue separate u followed by e, pronounced oo-eh g hard g as in girl s always as in mass (never z) y as in yet A bar over a vowel means that it is twice as long as a vowel Pronunciation / Abbreviations without a bar. A dot (·) between two letters indicates a slight pause. Note that ing in Japanese is pronounced more strongly than in English. In spoken Japanese the sounds u and i, in certain contexts, are shortened and can become barely audible. In this book we show u and i in italics to mean that their pronunciation is clipped. For example, desu is pronounced as des. Japanese is generally evenly stressed, with all syllables having the same emphasis. Abbreviations f feminine pol polite m masculine pl plural ob. part. object particle sing singular part. particle sub. part. subject particle

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HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE General The Japanese language has a number of characteristics which are very different from European languages, the most important of these being that there are no changes for case, number or gender and that verbs do not change according to the person or number.Also, pronouns, both personal and impersonal, are often omitted. Another distinctive feature of Japanese is that small words known as postpositional particles are used after a noun or pronoun to indicate whether it is the subject, object or indirect object of a sentence. See pages 269.

Articles

There is no equivalent in Japanese for either the definite article ‘the’ or the indefinite articles ‘a’ and ‘an’.The exact meaning of a word or phrase will be clear from the context. General / Articles Nouns Therefore, zas·shi (magazine) can mean ‘a magazine’ or ‘the magazine’. If you want to be more precise, you can use the demonstrative adjectives sono/ano (that) or kono (this) with the appro- priate word (see page 282). The number hitots (one) (see page 286) can also be used to translate ‘a/an’, but generally this is not necessary: biru hitots, onegai shimas [‘beer one please’] a beer, please

Nouns Japanese nouns only have one form. Singular and plural forms of nouns are the same and there are no distinctions for gender (masculine/feminine/neuter).Therefore: 264 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2

hon can mean ‘a book’,‘the book’,‘books’,‘some books’ LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE or ‘the books’ biru can mean:‘a beer’,‘the beer’,‘beers’,‘some beers’ or ‘the beers’ Usually,what you mean will be perfectly clear from the context. Where necessary, you can be more specific by using numbers (see Counting, page 286). Although the form of the noun itself does not change, grammatical particles placed after the noun indicate whether it is the subject, object or indirect object of a sentence: watashi no fak·kusu wa todokimashita ka? [‘I’ + possessive part. ‘fax’ + sub. part. + ‘arrived’ + question part.] has my fax arrived yet?

fak·kusu o okurimashita ka? [‘fax’ + ob. part. + ‘sent’ + question part.] did you send the fax? Nouns / Pronouns Wa and o are known as postpositional particles (see page 273). One interesting aspect of many nouns is that they can be changed into verbs by just adding suru (to do) or shimas (polite form of ‘to do’).Thus, dokusho is the Japanese word for ‘reading’, and doksho suru is the equivalent of ‘to read’.

Pronouns Generally, pronouns are omitted in Japanese whenever possible, but occasionally it might be necessary to use them for emphasis or to avoid misunderstanding. It should be remem- bered that, on the whole, use of pronouns does not show respect and should be avoided, especially when addressing one’s superiors. If it does become necessary to use a personal pronoun, the words listed in the sections that follow can be used.

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HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE Personal Pronouns watashi I bok I (m, fam) watakshi I (pol) anata you (sing) kimi you (sing, fam, to a subordinate) kare he kanojo she watashitachi we anatatachi you (pl) kimitachi you (pl, fam, to subordinates) karera they (m) kanojotachi they (f) sorera they (inanimate objects) watashi wa Igiris-jin des [‘I’ + sub. part. + ‘English am’] I’m English Pronouns The subject of the sentence above is followed by the subject particle wa (see page 270). Care should also be taken not to address Japanese using anata, the direct translation of ‘you’.The best way to say, for example, ‘where are you going?’ in Japanese, is to use the person’s name plus -san, instead of the word for ‘you’. Another acceptable way to say this is to omit both ‘you’ and the name in Japanese. Eigo o hanasemas ka? [‘English’ + ob. part. + ‘speak can’ + question part.] do you speak English? Nakada-san wa Frans-go o hanasemas ka? [‘surname Mr’ + sub. part. + ‘French’ + ob. part. + ‘speak’ + question part.] Mr Nakada, do you speak French?

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The form of the pronoun does not change, but there is a LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE change in the postpositional particle that is placed after the pronoun; for direct object pronouns, use o instead of wa: watashi o me bok o me (m, fam) watakshi o me (pol) anata o you (sing) kimi o you (sing, fam, to a subordinate) kare o him kanojo o her watashitachi o us anatatachi o you (pl) kimitachi o you (pl, fam, to subordinates) karera o them (m) kanojotachi o them (f) sorera o them (inanimate objects) kare o yonde kimasho Pronouns [‘he’ + ob. part. + ‘fetch’] I’ll get him ‘It’ Japanese has no word that is equivalent to the English pronoun ‘it’;‘it’ will be understood in phrases like the following: doko desu ka? toi desu ka? [‘where is’ + question part.][‘far is’ + question part.] where is it? is it far? ame ga fut·te imasu [‘rain’ + sub. part. + ‘fall is’] it’s raining If you really need to emphasise ‘it’,you can use sore, but this is a demonstrative pronoun rather than a personal pronoun, and actually means ‘that’:

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HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE sore wa kare no kuruma des [‘that’ + sub. part. + ‘he’ + possessive part. + ‘car is’] it’s his car Demonstrative Pronouns kore this (one); these (ones) sore that (one); those (ones) (nearby or just mentioned) are that (one); those (ones) (further away) kore wa watashi no des sore dewa nak, kore des [‘this’ + sub. part. + ‘I of am’][‘that as for not this is’] this is mine not that one, this one are wa takai des [‘that’ + sub. part. + ‘expensive is’] that one is expensive

See Demonstrative Adjectives, page 282.

Pronouns / Possessives Possessives Possessive adjectives and pronouns are the same in Japanese. To form the possessive, add the particle no to the pronoun: watashi no my; mine bok no my; mine (m, fam) watakshi no my; mine (pol) anata no your; yours (sing) kimi no you (sing, fam, to a subordinate) kare no his kanojo no her; hers watashitachi no our; ours anatatachi no your; yours (pl) kimitachi no you (pl, fam, to subordinates) karera no their; theirs (m) kanojotachi no their; theirs (f) sorera no their; theirs (inanimate objects)

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watashi no desu watashi no heya de LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE [‘I’ + possessive part. + ‘be’][‘I’ + possessive part. + ‘room in’] it’s mine in my room The possessive is generally omitted if the meaning is clear from the context: handobag·gu o nakushimashita [‘handbag’ + ob. part. + ‘lost’] I’ve lost my handbag In phrases like the one below, it’s more respectful to use the possessive particle with the person’s name or job title: shacho no kuruma [‘director’ + possessive part. + ‘car’] the director’s car rather than: kare no kuruma [‘he’ + possessive part. + ‘car’] Postpositional Particles his car even if the English phrase doesn’t use the name or title.

Postpositional Particles Postpositional particles are small words that always follow the word they relate to.They have two main functions: a) They indicate whether a noun or pronoun is the subject, object or indirect object of a sentence. b) They are the equivalent of certain English grammatical elements, for example, prepositions (to, from, with etc), constructions such as ‘and’,‘because’,‘also’, and they are also used to indicate a question. The following list shows the meanings of the various particles in brief; for further information and examples, see the text that follows this list. 269 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2

HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE ga follows the subject of a sentence, emphasises the subject wa follows the subject of a sentence o follows the object of a sentence ni follows the indirect object of a sentence; or means on, in, to, at (referring to time and location) e to (indicates motion towards); towards; until made to; up to; until; as far as kara from; since de by, by means of; with; at; on; in (referring to location) to with, accompanied by; and, that mo too, also; even; both ... and; neither ... nor no of; possessive ka? question particle ne? question tag: isn’t it?, haven’t we?, haven’t you? etc Subject Particles

Postpositional Particles To indicate that a word is the subject of a sentence, the particles ga or wa are used: onaka ga sukimashita ka? [‘stomach’ + sub. part. + ‘empty’ + question part.] are you hungry? The particle ga can indicate that the subject of the sentence is more important than the text that follows. In English this distinction can be achieved by tone of voice: watashi ga ikimasu [‘I’ + sub. part. + ‘will go’] I will go, it’s me who’s going (not anyone else) watashi ga haraimasu [‘I’ + sub. part. + ‘pay’] I’ll pay (nobody else has to pay) If wa is used instead of ga, this gives less emphasis to the subject and more to the rest of the text: 270 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2

watashi wa Amerika-jin desu watashi wa gakusei desu LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE [‘I’ + sub. part. + ‘American am’][‘I’ + sub. part. + ‘student am’] I’m American I’m a student Ga is often used if the verb is arimasu or imasu: kyo wa sumo ga arimasu [‘today’ + sub. part. + ‘sumo’ + sub. part. + ‘is’] there’s a sumo match today and wa is often used when the verb is des or a negative: sore wa totemo omoshiroi desu [‘that’ + sub. part. + ‘very interesting is’] that’s very interesting watashi wa Igirisu-jin desu [‘I’ + sub. part. + ‘English am’] I’m English watashi wa ikimasen Postpositional Particles [‘I’ + sub. part. + ‘go’ + negative] I’m not going kono hon wa omoshiroku nai desu [‘this book’ + sub. part. + ‘interesting not is’] this book is not interesting Object Particle The object particle o is placed after the object of the verb: yoyaku o shite arimasu [‘reservation’ + ob. part. + ‘made’] I have a reservation Eigo o hanasemasu ka? [‘English’ + ob. part. + ‘speak can’ + question part.] can you speak English?

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HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE Indirect Object Particle The particle ni is used to indicate an indirect object: sensei ni wain o agemashita [‘teacher’ + ind. ob. part. + ‘wine’ + ob. part. + ‘gave’] I gave the teacher a bottle of wine Other Particles The particle e indicates motion towards something: Kobe e ikimasu [‘Kobe to go’] I’m going to Kobe The particle made means ‘to’,‘up to’,‘until’ or ‘as far as’: kuko made, onegai shimasu

[‘airport to please’] to the airport, please

Postpositional Particles ... made nan-kiro arimasu ka? [‘... to how many kilometres is’ + question part.] how many kilometres is it to ...? Doyobi made [‘Saturday until’] until Saturday The particle kara means ‘from’ or ‘since’: Rondon kara Tokyo made senshu kara [‘London from Tokyo to’][‘last week since’] from London to Tokyo since last week The particle ni (as well as being the indirect object particle) means ‘on’,‘in’,‘to’ or ‘at’, referring to time or location: Doyobi ni [‘Saturday on’] on Saturday

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Hiruton hoteru ni tomat·te imasu LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE [‘Hilton Hotel at staying’] I’m staying at the Hilton Hotel Tokyo ni oba ga sunde imasu [‘Tokyo in aunt’ + sub. part. + ‘lives’] my aunt lives in Tokyo The particle de can mean ‘by’,‘by means of’ or ‘with’: kuruma de basu de [‘car by’][‘bus by’] by car by bus kurejit·to-kado de haraemasu ka? [‘credit card by can pay’ + question part.] can I pay by credit card?

de can also mean ‘at’,‘on’ or ‘in’, referring to location: ba de suwat·te imashita Postpositional Particles [‘bar at was sitting’] he was sitting at the bar depato no naka de aimasho [‘department store of inside in meet let’s’] I’ll see you in the department store The particle to means ‘with’,‘accompanying’: haha to kaimono shimasu [‘mother with shopping do’] I go shopping with my mother See page 284 for when to use to meaning ‘and’. The particle mo can mean ‘too’,‘also’ or ‘even’: kimi mo heya ni itano ka? watashi mo [‘you too room in were’ + question part.] me too were you in the room too?

273 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2 HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE mo can also be used to translate ‘both ... and’ (in a positive statement) and ‘neither ...nor’ (with a negative verb, see page 278): biru mo sake mo nomimashita [‘beer both sake and drank’] I drank both beer and sake biru mo sake mo nomimasen deshita [‘beer both sake and not drank’] I drank neither beer nor sake The particle no means ‘of’ or corresponds to the ’s or the possessive in English: ane no hon kurabu no memba [‘sister of book’][‘club of member’]

my sister’s book a member of the club watashi no kuruma

Postpositional Particles [‘I of car’] my car The particle ka is added to the end of a statement to change it into a question: kip·pu wa takai desu [‘ticket’ + sub. part. + ‘expensive’] the tickets are expensive kip·pu wa takai desu ka? [‘ticket’ + sub. part. + ‘expensive’ + question part.] are the tickets expensive? The particle ne is the equivalent of English tag questions like ‘isn’t it?’,‘haven’t we?’ and so on: Keiko-san, kore wa anata no desu ne? [‘Keiko’ + polite form + ‘this’ + sub. part. + ‘you of is’ + question tag] it’s yours, Keiko, isn’t it?

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koko ni kita koto ga arimasu ne? LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE [‘here in that came’ + sub. part. ‘be’+ question tag] we’ve been here, haven’t we?

Verbs Unlike English verbs, Japanese verbs do not change their form according to first, second, or third person subjects, singular or plural.Therefore, ikimasu means: to go he/she/it goes I go we go you go they go However, Japanese verbs do change their form according to various other criteria, for example, the degree of politeness required, the tense, or whether the verb indicates ‘wanting’ or ‘necessity’.

Polite Verb Forms Postpositional Particles / Verbs The form of Japanese verbs is changed to indicate different levels of politeness. As a general rule, longer verb forms denote courtesy: yomimasu to read shimbun yomu ka? (basic form) shimbun yomimasu ka? (polite) shimbun yomaremasu ka? (very polite) do you read the paper? It is more straightforward for beginners in Japanese to stick to the second form given above (yomimasu).This is the verb form we have generally given in the English-Japanese section of this book and it is polite enough for most situations. Present Tense To express the simple present, use the basic form of the verb ending in -masu: 275 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2

HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE ikimasu to go swarimasu to sit down I go I sit down you go you sit down he/she/it goes he/she/it sits down we go we sit down they go they sit down To express a continuing action in the present (‘he is going’, ‘I am walking’ etc), the -masu ending is removed from the verb and replaced with -te or -de, and imasu is placed after the verb: nani o yonde imasu ka? [‘what’ + ob. part. + ‘reading’ + question part.] what are you reading? karera wa tabete imasu [‘they’ + sub. part. + ‘eating’]

they are eating kare wa tabako o sut·te imasu [‘he’ + sub. part. + ‘cigarette’ + ob. part. + ‘inhale’] Verbs he is smoking Past Tense The ending -mashita indicates the past tense. Replace the -masu ending of the verb with -mashita: ikimasu to go mimasu to see; to watch ikimashita I went mimashita I’ve seen you went you’ve seen he/she/it went he/she/it has seen we went we have seen they went they have seen tsukimasu to arrive tabemasu to eat kyo tsukimashita watashitachi wa mo tabemashita [‘today arrived’][‘we’ + sub. part. + ‘already have eaten’] we arrived today we’ve already eaten

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Future Tense LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE There is no real future tense in Japanese; instead the present tense is used to express the future: mata ashita kimasu rainen Kyoto ni ikimasu [‘again tomorrow come’][‘next year Kyoto to go’] I’ll come back tomorrow I’m going to Kyoto next year Asking Permission Asking permission to do something is indicated by the verb ending -te followed by ... i desu ka? (literally: is it allowed?): anata ni tegami o kaite i desu ka? [‘you to letter’ + ob. part. + ‘write is is allowed’ + question part.] can I write to you? Indicating Necessity Necessity is indicated by the verb ending -nakereba narimasen: Verbs ikimasu to go mo ikanakereba narimasen [‘already go must’] I have to go now kakimasu to write tegami o kakanakereba narimasen [‘letter’ + ob. part. + ‘write must’] I have to write a letter Indicating Wanting Wanting to do something is indicated by the verb ending -tai: okurimasu to send kore o Igirisu ni okuritai no desu ga [‘this’ + ob. part. + ‘England to send want request please’] I want to send this to England 277 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2

HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE karimasu to rent kuruma o karitai no desu ga [‘car’ + ob. part. + ‘buy want request please’] I’d like to rent a car Negatives There is no simple equivalent to ‘not’in Japanese. Instead the form of the verb changes to indicate the negative. The -masu ending changes to -masen and the -tai (wanting) ending changes to -taku nai: kono gak·ko e ikimasu [‘this school to go’] I go to this school kono gak·ko e wa ikimasen [‘this school to’ + sub. part. + ‘go’ negative] I don’t go to this school

Verbs Igirisu ni ikitai desu [‘England to want go’ + polite ending] I want to go to England Igirisu ni ikitaku nai desu [‘England to want go’ + negative + polite ending] I don’t want to go to England Japanese has no words like ‘nobody’, ‘no-one’, ‘never’, ‘none’,‘neither’,‘nor’,‘(not) any’; these must be expressed in Japanese by a negative verb construction: dare mo kimasen deshita [‘somebody even come’ + negative] nobody came dare mo hakbutskan e ikitagarimasen [‘somebody even museum to want to go’ + negative] nobody wants to visit the museum

278 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2 HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE Kobe niwa ichido mo it·ta koto ga arimasen [‘Kobe to’ + sub. part. + ‘not once even that’ + sub. part. + negative] I’ve never been to Kobe mo hitots mo arimasen [‘already one even exist’ + negative] there’s none left hoshik arimasen [‘want’ + negative] I don’t want any

Adjectives Japanese ‘adjectives’ are a special category of words, many of which behave in a way quite unlike their English counter-

parts. Many,indeed, are more like verbs since they have separate forms for present and past tenses and for positive and negative use. For example, the adjective for ‘red’ akai really means ‘is red’. Verbs / Adjevctives There are two types of adjectives in Japanese.The first type end in -ai, -i, -oi or -ui: akai is red oishi is delicious omoshiroi is interesting warui is bad The final -i or -i indicates the present positive form of the adjective, which is the basic form given in the English- Japanese section of this book; to make the past positive form, remove the -i or -i to obtain the stem and add -kat·ta: present positive past positive akai is red akakat·ta was red oishi is delicious oishkat·ta was delicious omoshiroi is interesting omoshirokat·ta was interesting warui is bad warukat·ta was bad 279 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2

HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE These are all plain forms which generally would not be used by themselves; to make them polite forms, add desu: nimotsu wa omokat·ta desu [‘luggage’ + sub. part. + ‘was heavy’ + polite ending] the luggage was heavy To form the present negative, remove -i or -i, and add -k nai; for the past negative add -ku nakat·ta to the stem: present negative past negative akaku nai is not red akaku nakat·ta was not red oishiku nai is not delicious oishiku nakat·ta was not delicious omoshiroku nai is not omoshiroku nakat·ta was interesting not interesting waruku nai is not bad waruku nakat·ta was not bad

To make the above polite forms (as used in speech), change -ku nai to -ku arimasen:

Adjectives kono suika wa amaku arimasen [‘this watermelon’ + sub. part. + ‘sweet’ + negative] this watermelon is not sweet Adjectival Nouns The second type of Japanese adjective is more like an English adjective in that it does not change its ending and is not a form of verb.This type of adjective does not end in -ai, -i, -oi or -ui, but consists of a noun followed by na: shizuka (na) quiet Adjectival nouns are used with the following to form the present and past tenses (positive and negative): positive present des past deshta negative present dewa arimasen past dewa arimasen deshta 280 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2 HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE If the adjectival noun is followed by des, na can be omitted: hoteru wa shizka des [‘hotel’ + sub. part. + ‘quiet is’] the hotel is quiet kono hon wa tekito dewa arimasen [‘this book’ + sub. part. + ‘suitable’ + negative] this book is not suitable chit·toma shimpai dewa arimasen deshta [‘not at all worried’ + negative] I wasn’t worried at all Comparatives and Superlatives To form the comparative, put mot·to (more) in front of the adjective: mot·to hayak mot·to omoshiroi faster more interesting Adjectives To form the superlative, put ichi·ban (literally: number one) or mot·tomo (most) in front of the adjective: ichi·ban omoshiroi toshi [‘most is interesting city’] the most interesting city mot·tomo takai hoteru [‘most is expensive hotel’] the most expensive hotel To express ‘more ... than ...’,‘...-er than’, use yori (than): kono hoteru wa ryokan yori takai desu [‘this hotel’ + sub. part. + ‘Japanese inn than expensive’] this hotel is more expensive than a Japanese inn densha wa basu yori hayai desu [‘train’ + sub. part. + ‘bus than fast is’] the train is faster than the bus 281 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2 HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE To express ‘as ... as ...’ use to onaji kurai (about the same as): Rondon wa Nagano to onaji kurai samui desu [‘London’ + sub. part. + ‘Nagano as cold as is’] London is as cold as Nagano To express ‘not as ... as ...’, use hodo ... nai: Nippon wa Amerika hodo okiku nai desu [‘Japan’ + sub. part. + ‘America not as big as is’] Japan is not as big as America Demonstrative Adjectives There are three demonstrative adjectives: kono, sono and ano: kono this; these sono that; those (nearby or just mentioned) ano that; those (further away) kono densha this train sono tomodachi that friend (of yours, that you mentioned) Adjectives / Adverbs ano basu that bus (over there)

Adverbs To form an adverb from the first type of adjective (ending in -ai, -i, -oi or -ui), change the final -i to -k: hayai quick hayaku quickly osoi slow osoku slowly yasashi easy yasashiku easily warui bad waruku badly yasui cheap yask cheaply To form the adverb from the second type of adjective (shown with (na) in the English-Japanese section), change na to ni: shizka na heya Keiko-san wa shizka ni hanashimas [‘quiet room’][‘Keiko’ + polite form + sub. part. + ‘quietly speaks’] a quiet room Keiko speaks quietly 282 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2

Word Order LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE The normal word order in Japanese sentences is: subject – object – verb ane wa sushi o suki des ga, watashi wa suki dewa arimasen [‘sister’ + sub. part. + ‘sushi’ + ob. part. + ‘like but I’ + sub. part. + ‘like not’] my sister likes sushi but I don’t Adjectives usually precede the noun they modify while particles and conjunctions follow the noun they refer to.

‘Yes’ and ‘No’ The words for ‘yes’ and ‘no’ are hai (or sometimes e) and ie

(or ie): hai, onegai shimas ie kek·ko des yes, please no thanks Word Order / ‘Yes’ and ‘No’ yomimashta ka? hai, yomimashta have you read the paper? yes, I have In general, however, it is possible to omit hai and ie and answer simply by using the verb. When the question is a negative one, however, hai and ie are used in quite a different way to English.This is because hai is used to confirm the statement, whether the answer is affirmative or negative: anata wa Amerika-jin dewa arimasen ka? [‘you’ + sub. part. + ‘American’ + negative + question part.] aren’t you American? hai, Igirisu-jin desu [‘yes (I am not) English’] no, I’m English

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HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE This kind of negative question (as in English) implies the speaker may be slightly surprised or incredulous or wants to confirm something that they are almost sure of. If a positive question were asked, with no prior assumptions, the answer would be ie. In the same way, when the question is a negative one, ie is used to deny the sentence whether the answer is affirmative or negative: soba o tabemasen deshita ka? [‘noodles’ + ob. part. + ‘eat did not’ + question part.] didn’t you eat the noodles? (implying you should have) ie, tabemashita [‘no, did eat’] yes, I did eat them ‘And’

‘Yes’ and ‘No’ / ‘And’ There are different words for ‘and’ in Japanese. To is used with nouns and pronouns: shio to kosho Tokyo to Rondon salt and pepper Tokyo and London kohi to sato o kaimashita [‘coffee and sugar’ + ob. part. + ‘bought’] I bought coffee and sugar Soshite also means ‘and’; it is used with verbs, adjectives and adverbs: watashitachi wa onsen ni hairi soshite shokji o shimashta [‘we’ + sub. part. + ‘hot spring in go and meal did’] we had a bath in the hot spring and had a meal kare wa hayak, soshite utskushik, ji o kakimas [‘he’ + sub. part. + ‘fast and neatly characters’ + ob. part. + ‘writes’] he writes both fast and neatly Sorekara means ‘and then’: 284 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2 HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE terebi o mite, sorekara benkyo shimas [‘television’ + ob. part. + ‘watched and then study’] I’ll watch television and then I’ll study

Masculine and Feminine Forms of Speech In the past, there were many different levels of courtesy in Japanese speech and special words and phrases were used, for example, to praise one’s superiors, and to deprecate oneself. As well as this, women’s speech was traditionally more polite than men’s. Although the differences between male and female speech patterns are now less pronounced than they used to be, there are still many ways of speaking that are exclusively used by either men or women. Men speak with

a more even tone of voice, whereas women speak in a more lilting manner. Men and women use different pronouns and interjections.Also, in informal speech, men tend to use yo or zo at the end of sentences for emphasis, whereas women will Masculine and Feminine Forms use wa, for example: bok wa Eigo ga hanaseru yo/zo! (said by a man) [‘I’ + sub. part. + ‘English’ + ob. part. + ‘speak can emphasis’] I can speak English! watashi wa okoto ga hikeru wa! (said by a woman) [‘I’ + sub. part. + polite prefix + ‘Japanese harp’ + ob. part. + ‘play can’ + emphasis] I can play the Japanese harp! Women make more use of the polite prefix o- or go-, as in: denwa/odenwa (said by a man/woman) (your) telephone gokazoku wa ogenki desu ka? [polite prefix + ‘family’ + sub. part. + polite prefix + ‘well’ + question part.] are your family all well? 285 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2

HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE Women also tend to use emotional interjections more than men, such as ‘kawai’ (cute!) or ‘suteki!’ (marvellous!). To express surprise when meeting somebody unexpectedly, women tend to say ‘ma!’ or ‘ara!’, which are never used by men, who tend to say ‘ya!’ or ‘o!’.

Counting Japanese has two sets of numbers from one to ten: set 1 set 2 1 ichi hitotsu 2 ni futatsu 3 san mit·tsu 4 yon/shi* yot·tsu 5 go itsutsu 6 roku mut·tsu 7 nana/shichi* nanatsu 8 hachi yat·tsu 9 kyu/ku* kokonotsu Counting 10 ju to The first set is used when referring to expressions of time, quantities and measurements.They are used with the classifiers on the opposite page or with count words such as ‘minute’,‘yen’ etc: go-fun ichijikan mae five minutes an hour ago gozen shichiji ni ju-en at 7am 10 yen * The alternative numerals in the first set above must be used in the following time expressions: yoji shichiji kuji four o’clock seven o’clock nine o’clock The second set of numbers is used for counting any other things not mentioned above.The number is placed after the 286 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2

object and is used without a count word (like ‘minute’) or a LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE classifier: biru futats, onegai shimas two beers, please If you use the two sets of numbers in the way described above, this will be acceptable, but a further method of counting, using a counting word known as a classifier, is more commonly used. Classifiers equate roughly to English words like ‘glassful’,‘cupful’,‘bottle of’,‘sheets of’ etc. Nouns or groups of nouns in Japanese have specific classifiers which are used when they are counted or quantified. The most common classifiers are: -dai machines, cars, bikes, stereos -hai glassfuls, cupfuls

-hiki animals -hon pens, cigarettes, other cylindrical objects -ko fruit, cakes, eggs and small chunky objects Counting -mai pieces of paper, tickets, other things that are thin and flat -nin people -sats books -tsu letters kuruma ni-dai kip·p o sam-mai, kudasai [‘car two’ + classifier][‘ticket’ + ob. part. + ‘three’ + classifier + ‘please’] two cars three tickets, please Nihon·go no hon o go-satsu kaimashita [‘Japanese of book’ + ob. part. + ‘five’ + classifier + ‘bought’] I bought five Japanese books majan wa yo-nin de shimasu [‘mahjong’ + sub. part. + ‘four’ + classifier + ‘by do’] mahjong is played by four people There is only one set of numbers above ten. See pages 292- 293.

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HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE Dates The word order for dates is: year – month – day There are two common ways of counting years in Japanese. The Western system is used thus: sen-kyu-hyaku-kyu-ju-hachi-nen ni-sen-ichi-nen [thousand-nine-hundreds-nine-tens-eight-year][two-thousand-one-year] 1998 2001 There is also a traditional system of counting from the first year of the current emperor’s reign. The Heisei period (of Emperor Akihito) began in 1989: Heisei ni-nen Heisei ju-nen

[Heisei two year][Heisei ten year] second year of Heisei (1990) tenth year of Heisei (1998)

Dates Kugatsu tsuitachi Junigatsu futsuka [nine-month (September) first][twelve-month (December) second] the first of September the second of December ni-sen-ichi-nen Gogatsu san-ju-nichi [two-thousand-one-year five-month (May) thirtieth] the thirtieth of May 2001 Heisei ju-nen Rokgats ni-ju san-ichi [Heise-ten-year six-month (June) twenty-third] the twenty-third of June 1998 Dates are formed using the versions of the ordinal numbers below: 1st tsuitachi )* 2nd futska +, 3rd mik·ka -. 4th yok·ka /0

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5th itska 12 LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE 6th muika 34 7th nanoka 56 8th yoka 78 9th kokonoka 9: 10th toka ;< 11th ju-ichi-nichi =>? 12th ju-ni-nichi @AB 13th ju-san-nichi CDE 14th ju-yok·ka FGH 15th ju-go-nichi IJK 16th ju-rok-nichi LMN 17th ju-shichi-nichi OPQ 18th ju-hachi-nichi RST 19th ju-ku-nichi UVW 20th hatska XYZ

21st ni-ju-ichi nichi [\]^ Dates 22nd ni-ju-ni-nichi _`ab 23rd ni-ju-san-nichi cdef 24th ni-ju-yok·ka ghij 25th ni-ju-go-nichi klmn 26th ni-ju-rok-nichi opqr 27th ni-ju-shichi-nichi stuv 28th ni-ju-hachi-nichi wxyz 29th ni-ju-ku-nichi {|}~ 30th san-ju-nichi ¡¢£ 31st san-ju-ichi-nichi ¤¥¦§ Japanese ordinals are written using the Chinese characters (kanji) above if writing vertically; otherwise, when writing left to right,Arabic numbers can be used instead.

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HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE Days Monday Getsuyobi ¨©ª Tuesday Kayobi «¬° Wednesday Suiyobi ®¯° Thursday Moku·yobi ±²³ Friday Kin·yobi ´µ¶ Saturday Doyobi ¸¹º Sunday Nichiyobi »¼½

Months January Ichigatsu ¾¿ February Nigatsu ÀÁ March San·gatsu ÂÃ April Shigatsu ÄÅ May Gogatsu ÆÇ Days / Months Time June Rokgatsu ÈÉ July Shichigatsu ÊË August Hachigatsu ÌÍ September Kugatsu ÎÏ October Jugatsu ÐÑ November Juichigatsu ÒÓÔ December Junigatsu ÕÖ×

Time what time is it? ima nanji desu ka? ØÙÚÛÜÝÞ it’s one o’clock ichiji desu ßàáâ it’s two o’clock niji desu äåæç at one o’clock ichiji ni !"# at two o’clock niji ni $%& five past one ichiji go-fun '()* 290 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2 HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE ten past one ichiji jup·pun +,-. quarter past one ichiji ju-go-fun /0123 quarter past two niji ju-go-fun 45678 half past one ichiji-han 9:; half past two niji-han <=> quarter to one ichiji ju-go-fun mae ?@ABCD quarter to two niji ju-go-fun mae EFGHIJ twenty to one ichiji nijup·pun mae KLMNOP ten to two niji jup·pun mae QRSTU am gozen VW pm gogo XY at 1am gozen ichiji ni Z[\]^ at 1pm gogo ichiji ni _`abc 13.00 ju-sanji def 14.00 ju-yoji ghi 18.30 ju-hachiji sanjup·pun jklmno

noon shogo pq Time midnight mayonaka rst hour jikan uv minute fun w one minute ip·pun xy two minutes ni-fun z{ second byo | quarter of an hour ju-go-fun }~¡ half an hour san-jup·pun ¢£¤ three quarters of an hour yon-ju-go-fun ¥¦§¨ Minutes are expressed by adding -fun (minute) to the numbers below.This sometimes changes to -pun depending on the preceding sound: ni-fun go-fun jup·pun two minutes five minutes ten minutes

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HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE Numbers See Counting pages 286. 0 zero ©ª 70 shichi-ju Þß 1 ichi « 80 hachi-ju àá 2 ni ¬ 90 kyu-ju âã 3 san 100 hyak ä 4 shi ® 101 hyak-ichi åæ 5 go ¯ 102 hyak-ni çè 6 rok ° 200 ni-hyak éê 7 shichi ± 1,000 sen ë 8 hachi ² 2,000 ni-sen ìí 9 kyu ³ 3,000 san-zen îï 10 ju ´ 4,000 yon-sen ðñ

11 ju-ichi µ¶ 5,000 go-sen Úñ 12 ju-ni ¸¹ 10,000* ichi-man %&

Numbers 13 ju-san º» 20,000 ni-man '( 14 ju-shi ¼½ 1,000,000 15 ju-go ¾¿ hyaku-man )* 16 ju-rok ÀÁ 10,000,000 17 ju-shichi ÂÃ is·sem·man +,- 18 ju-hachi ÄÅ 100,000,000 19 ju-kyu ÆÇ ichi-oku ./ u ÈÉ 20 ni-j *For 10,000 and above, use u ÊËÌ 21 ni-j -ichi man instead of sen. 22 ni-ju-ni ÍÎÏ u ÐÑ Japanese numbers are writ- 30 san-j ten using the Chinese char- u ÒÓÔ 31 san-j -ichi acters (kanji) above if writ- 32 san-ju-ni ÕÖ× ing vertically; otherwise, 40 yon-ju ØÙ when writing left to right, 50 go-ju ÚÛ Arabic numbers can be used 60 rok-ju ÜÝ instead. 292 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 12:52 Page 2

Ordinals LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE In Japanese, the words used for the dates (1st of March etc) and the ordinals in English sense (for example, ‘third chair from the window’) are different. The English ordinals can usually be translated by adding -bam·me to numbers. 1st ichi-bam·me 012 2nd ni-bam·me 345 3rd san-bam·me 678 4th yon-bam·me 9:; 5th go-bam·me <=> 6th rok-bam·me ?@A 7th nana-bam·me BCD 8th hachi-bam·me EFG 9th kyu-bam·me HIJ 10th jyu-bam·me KLM See pages 288-289 for the set of ordinals used to form dates. Numbers

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HOW THE LANGUAGE WORKS HOW THE Conversion Tables 1 centimetre = 0.39 inches 1 inch = 2.54 cm 1 metre = 39.37 inches = 1.09 yards 1 foot = 30.48 cm 1 kilometre = 0.62 miles = 5/8 mile 1 yard = 0.91 m 1 mile = 1.61 km

km123451020304050100 miles 0.6 1.2 1.9 2.5 3.1 6.2 12.4 18.6 24.8 31.0 62.1

miles 123451020304050100 km 1.6 3.2 4.8 6.4 8.0 16.1 32.2 48.3 64.4 80.5 161 1 gram = 0.035 ounces 1 kilo = 1000 g = 2.2 pounds g 100 250 500 1 oz = 28.35 g oz 3.5 8.75 17.5 1 lb = 0.45 kg kg0.512345678910 lb 1.1 2.2 4.4 6.6 8.8 11.0 13.2 15.4 17.6 19.8 22.0 Conversion Tables

kg 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 lb 44 66 88 110 132 154 176 198 220

lb 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 kg 0.2 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.8 2.3 2.7 3.2 3.6 4.1 4.5 9.0 1 litre = 1.75 UK pints / 2.13 US pints 1 UK pint = 0.57 l 1 UK gallon = 4.55 l 1 US pint = 0.47 l 1 US gallon = 3.79 l centigrade / Celsius °C = (°F - 32) x 5/9

°C -5 0 5 10 15 18 20 25 30 36.8 38 °F 23 32 41 50 59 64 68 77 86 98.4 100.4 Fahrenheit °F = (°C x 9/5) + 32

°F 23 32 40 50 60 65 70 80 85 98.4 101 °C -5 0 4 10 16 18 21 27 29 36.8 38.3 294 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 21:24 Page 2 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 21:24 Page 2 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 21:24 Page 2 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 21:24 Page 2 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 21:24 Page 2 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 21:24 Page 3 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 21:24 Page 3 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 21:24 Page 3 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 21:24 Page 3 RG New JAPANESE How the Language Works.qxd 15/02/06 21:24 Page 3

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