HEK=> HEK=> Hek]^=k_Z[F^hWi[XeeaiÅJWbaI[di[ =K?:;I =K?:;I ;^cYldgYhVcYe]gVhZhfj^X`anVcYegdcdjcXZ i]ZbXdggZXian HZaZXi[ddYVcYYg^c`[gdbVcnbZcj ?VeVcZhZ AZVgci]ZWVh^Xhd[?VeVcZhZ\gVbbVg^ccdi^bZ GZandci]ZjhZg"[g^ZcYanh^ijVi^dcY^Vad\jZh ?jib_a[^Wl_d]WbeYWb\h_[dZm^[h[l[hoek]e >Wl[W]eeZjh_fÅjWdei^é]ehoeaeeˉ ˉ :emdbeWZ[WioWkZ_e\_b[ie\[WY^Yedl[hiWj_ed\hec mmm$hek]^]k_Z[i$Yec%f^hWi[Xeeai J>;HEK=>=K?:;F>H7I;8EEA ?VeVcZhZ $ISTRIBUTEDBY 4HE0ENGUIN'ROUP Japanese_pub_cover.indd 1 31/1/06 9:21:19 am T H E R O U G H G UIDE JAPANESE PH R ASEBOOK Compiled by LEXUS www.roughguides.com RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 1 1 15/02/2006 21:11:08 Credits Compiled by Lexus with T. Yahata Hyland and Kumi Liley Lexus Series Editor: Sally Davies Rough Guides Reference Director: Andrew Lockett Rough Guides Series Editor: Mark Ellingham First edition published in 1998 by Rough Guides Ltd. Revised in 2001. This updated edition published in 2006 by Rough Guides Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL 345 Hudson St, 4th Floor, New York 10014, USA Email: [email protected]. Distributed by the Penguin Group. Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL Penguin Putnam, Inc., 375 Hudson Street, NY 10014, USA Penguin Group (Australia), 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia Penguin Books Canada Ltd, 10 Alcorn Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 1E4 Penguin Group (New Zealand), Cnr Rosedale and Airborne Roads, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand Typeset in Bembo and Helvetica to an original design by Henry Iles. Printed in Italy by LegoPrint S.p.A No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher except for the quotation of brief passages in reviews. © Lexus Ltd 2006 304pp. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 13: 978-1-84353-634-5 ISBN 10: 1-84353-634-X The publishers and authors have done their best to ensure the accuracy and currency of all information in The Rough Guide Japanese Phrasebook however, they can accept no responsibility for any loss or inconvenience sustained by any reader using the book. Online information about Rough Guides can be found at our website www.roughguides.com 2 RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 2 2 15/02/2006 21:11:08 CONTENTS Introduction 5 Basic Phrases 8 Scenarios 13 English - Japanese 31 Japanese - English 178 Japanese - English: Signs and Notices 215 Menu Reader Food ........................................................................................................... 238 Drink .......................................................................................................... 258 How the Language Works Pronunciation ......................................................................................263 Abbreviations ..................................................................................... 263 General; Articles; Nouns ........................................................... 264 Pronouns ................................................................................................ 265 Possessives ......................................................................................... 268 Postpositional Particles ............................................................. 269 Verbs ......................................................................................................... 275 Adjectives .............................................................................................. 279 Adverbs ................................................................................................... 282 Word Order; ‘Yes’ and ‘No’ ..................................................... 283 ‘And’ .......................................................................................................... 284 Masculine and Feminine Forms of Speech ............... 285 Counting ................................................................................................. 286 Dates ........................................................................................................ 288 Days; Months; Time ...................................................................... 290 Numbers ................................................................................................. 292 Conversion Tables .......................................................................... 294 3 RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 3 3 15/02/2006 21:11:08 RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 4 4 15/02/2006 21:11:08 Introduction B A S I C S he Rough Guide Japanese dictionary phrasebook is a highly Tpractical introduction to the contemporary language. Laid out in clear A-Z style, it uses key-word referencing to lead you straight to the words and phrases you want – so if you need to book a room, just look up ‘room’. The Rough Guide gets straight to the point in every situation, in bars and shops, on trains and buses, and in hotels and banks. ■ The main part of the Rough Guide is a double dictionary: English-Japanese then Japanese-English. Before that, there’s a sec- Introduction tion called Basic Phrases and to get you involved in two-way communication, the Rough Guide includes, in this new edition, a set of Scenario dialogues illustrating questions and responses in key situations such as renting a car and asking directions. You can hear these and then download them free from www.roughguides. com/phrasebooks for use on your computer or MP3 player. Forming the heart of the guide, the English-Japanese section gives easy-to-use transliterations of the Japanese words wherever pronunciation might be a problem. Throughout this section, cross-references enable you to pinpoint key facts and phrases, while asterisked words indicate where further information can be found in a section at the end of the book called How the Language Works. This section sets out the fundamental rules of the language, with plenty of practical examples. You’ll also find here other essentials like numbers, dates, telling the time and basic phrases. The Japanese-English section is in two parts: a dictionary, arranged phonetically, of all the words and phrases you’re likely to hear (starting with a section of slang and colloquialisms); then a compilation, arranged by subject, of various signs, labels, instructions and other basic words you may come across in print or in public places. Near the back of the book too the Rough Guide offers an extensive Menu Reader. Consisting of food and drink sections (each starting with a list of essential terms), it’s indispensable whether you’re eating out, stopping for a quick drink, or brows- ing through a local food market. !"#$%&'( tanoshi goryoko o! have a good trip! 5 RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 5 5 15/02/2006 21:11:08 RG New JAPANESE Section 1 minus 6 6 15/02/2006 21:11:09 RG New JAPANESE Basic Phrases.qxd 15/02/06 20:28 Page 7 Basic Phrases RG New JAPANESE Basic Phrases.qxd 15/02/06 20:28 Page 8 BASIC PHRASES yes goodbye (formal) hai sayonara NO xyz{| no (informal) ie dewa mata PQR }~¡¢ OK (between friends) oke ja ne STUV £¤¥¦ see you later! ja, mata! §¨©ª«¬ hello kon·nichi wa WXYZ[ (on phone) please (requesting something) moshi-moshi onegai shimasu \]^_ ­®¯°±² good morning yes, please ohayo gozaimasu hai, onegai shimasu `abcdefgh ³´µ¶¸¹º»¼ good evening could you please ...? komban wa ... -te kuremasen ka? ijklm ½ —¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆ good night (when leaving) thank you osaki ni arigato nop ÇÈÉÊË (when going to bed) thank you very much oyasuminasai honto ni arigato gozaimasu qrstuvw !"#$%&'() *+,-./ 8 RG New JAPANESE Basic Phrases.qxd 15/02/06 20:28 Page 9 BASIC PHRASES no, thank you sorry?/pardon me? ie kek·ko desu nante imashita ka? 012345678 PQRSTUVWX 9 don’t mention it do itashimashite :;<=>?@A I see/I understand naruhodo yz{| I don’t understand how do you do? wakarimasen hajimemashite }~¡¢£¤ BCDEFG do you speak English? how are you? Eigo o hanasemasu ka? ogenki desu ka? ¥¦§¨©ª«¬­ HIJKLMN I don’t speak Japanese I’m fine, thanks nihon·go wa hanasemasen okagesama de ®¯°±²³´µ¶ OPQRST could you speak more slowly? nice to meet you mot·to yuk·kuri hanashite hajimemashite kuremasen ka? UVWXYZ ¸¹º»¼½¾¿À ÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈ could you repeat that? mo ichido it·te kuremasen excuse me (to get past) ka? shitsurei shimasu ÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑ [\]^_ ÒÓÔÕÖ excuse me! (to get attention) chot·to sumimasen! `abcdefghi excuse me/sorry gomen·nasai JKLMNO 9 RG New JAPANESE Basic Phrases.qxd 15/02/06 20:28 Page 10 Scenarios RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 11 16/02/2006 12:13:41 RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 12 16/02/2006 12:13:41 1. Accommodation Scenarios is there an inexpensive hotel you can recommend? a yasume no hoteru o shōkai shite kuremasu ka? zan·nen desu ga, subete yoyaku zumi desu b Japanese I’m sorry, they all seem to be fully booked can you give me the name of a good middle-range hotel? a chū gurai no hoteru wa arimasu ka? sōdesu ne, chūshin bu ga ī desu ka? b let me have a look; do you want to be in the centre? if possible a dekireba sukoshi hazure demo ī desu ka? b do you mind being a little way out of town? not too far out a amari tōku nai hō ga ī desu where is it on the map? a chizu no doko desu ka? can you write the name and address down? a namae to jyūsho o kaite kudasai I’m looking for a room in a private house a minsyuku o sagashite imasu I’d like to stay in a ryokan, a Japanese-style hotel a ryokan ni tomaritai desu 13 RG New JAPANESE Scenarios.indd 13 16/02/2006 12:13:41 Scenarios 2. Banks bank account ginkō kōza 口座番号 to change money ryōgae shimasu kōza bangō cheque kogit·te account number Japanese to deposit