Estudo Do Sistema Heteromórfico De Auto -Incompatibilidade Em Uma
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Number of Plant Species That Correspond with Data Obtained from at Least Two Other Participants
Promotor: Prof. Dr. ir. Patrick Van Damme Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Plant Production Laboratory of Tropical and Sub-Tropical Agriculture and Ethnobotany Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Co-Promotor: Dr. Ina Vandebroek Institute of Economic Botany The New York Botanical Garden Bronx River Parkway at Fordham Road Bronx, New York 10458, USA ([email protected]) Chairman of the Jury: Prof. Dr. ir. Norbert De Kimpe Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Organic Chemistry Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Members of the Jury: Prof. Dr. ir. Christian Vogl Prof. Dr. Paul Goetghebeur University of Natural Resources and Faculty of Science Applied Life Sciences Department of Biology Institut für Ökologischen Landbau K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Gregor Mendelstrasse 33 B-9000 Gent, Belgium A-1180, Vienna, Austria ([email protected]) ([email protected]) Prof. Dr. Mieke Verbeken Prof. Dr. ir. François Malaisse Faculty of Science Faculté Universitaire des Sciences Department of Biology Agronomiques K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35 Laboratoire d’Ecologie B-9000 Gent, Belgium Passage des Déportés, 2 ([email protected]) B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium ([email protected]) Prof. Dr. ir. Dirk Reheul Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Department of Plant Production Coupure links 653 B-9000 Gent, Belgium ([email protected]) Dean: Prof. Dr. ir. Herman Van Langenhove Rector: Prof. Dr. Paul Van Cauwenberge THOMAS EVERT QUANTITATIVE ETHNOBOTANICAL RESEARCH -
Wild Capsicum in the Area of the Amboró National Park in Bolivia
Wild Capsicum in the area of the Amboró National Park in Bolivia Claudio Dal Zovo1, Leonardo Bruno2 1 Associazione Pepperfriends, Verona, Italy 2 Associazione Pepperfriends, Roma, Italy Abstract Bolivia is believed to be the source of the genus Capsicum; possibly Capsicum chacoense Hunz. is the species closer to the ancestor of all Capsicum species. About ten species of wild Capsicum grow in Bolivia: Capsicum baccatum L. var. baccatum, Capsicum caballeroi Nee, Capsicum cardenasii Heiser & Smith, Capsicum ceratocalyx Nee, Capsicum chacoense Hunz., Capsicum coccineum (Rusby) Hunz., Capsicum eshbaughii Barboza, Capsicum eximium Hunz., Capsicum minutiflorum (Rusby) Hunz. A couple of possible new species are under investigations. Many cultivated species are also grown and sometimes present in wild forms, especially Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav., Capsicum frutescens L., Capsicum baccatum L. var. pendulum (Willd.) Eshbaugh. These species are preserved in herbaria and described in articles through drawings, but few or no images are available. We wished to produce a better documentation of live plants and their details; so we planned a trip to Bolivia starting in the area where most of the less known species are concentrated. We visited the area around the Amboró National Park, from Santa Cruz de la Sierra up to Samaipata, Mairana and Comarapa (South side of the Park) and the area near Buena Vista (North side of the Park). We found populations of C.minutiflorum (Rusby) Hunz., C.caballeroi Nee, C.eximium Hunz., C.baccatum L. var. baccatum, C.coccineum (Rusby) Hunz., fully described and documented them with many detailed images. These species are well differentiated and each of them has particular characteristics. -
Luciana Almeida Gomes Teixeira Biologia Da
LUCIANA ALMEIDA GOMES TEIXEIRA BIOLOGIA DA POLINIZAÇÃO DE DUAS ESPÉCIES SIMPÁTRICAS DE RUBIACEAE EM UM REMANESCENTE DE MATA ATLÂNTICA DE PERNAMBUCO. Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biologia Vegetal da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco como parte dos requisitos necessários para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Vegetal. RECIFE - PE 2001 LUCIANA ALMEIDA GOMES TEIXEIRA BIOLOGIA DA POLINIZAÇÃO DE DUAS ESPÉCIES SIMPÁTRICAS DE RUBIACEAE EM UM REMANESCENTE DE MATA ATLÂNTICA DE PERNAMBUCO. Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biologia Vegetal da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco como parte dos requisitos necessários para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Vegetal. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Isabel Cristina Sobreira Machado RECIFE - PE 2001 Recife, 23 de Março de 2001. BANCA EXAMINADORA: TITULARES: Profa. Dra. Isabel Cristina S. Machado (Orientadora) Prof. Dr. Paulo Eugênio Oliveira - UFU Prof. Dr. Clemens Schilndwein - UFPE SUPLENTES: Prof. Dr. Celso Martins - UFPB Profa. Dra. Gladys Flávia de Albuquerque Melo de Pinna - UFPE. AGRADECIMENTOS Com mais uma etapa da minha vida concluída, gostaria de agradecer a todos que, direta ou indiretamente, me ajudaram com o apoio, companheirismo, ensinamentos e em especial, À Professora Isabel Cristina Machado por mais essa oportunidade de me ensinar a amar a biologia floral e, cada vez mais, estimular a descobrir e entender os mecanismos desta ciência. Obrigada pela confiança, amizade, paciência e por mostrar, sempre, com o próprio exemplo, o caminho do bom profissionalismo. Aos meus pais, Jano e Ana Lúcia, ao meu avô Flávio e aos meus irmãos, Flaviano, Igor e Janaina pelo amor, paciência, apoio e, acima de tudo, pelos ensinamentos diários. -
Dictionary of Cultivated Plants and Their Regions of Diversity Second Edition Revised Of: A.C
Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity Second edition revised of: A.C. Zeven and P.M. Zhukovsky, 1975, Dictionary of cultivated plants and their centres of diversity 'N -'\:K 1~ Li Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity Excluding most ornamentals, forest trees and lower plants A.C. Zeven andJ.M.J, de Wet K pudoc Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation Wageningen - 1982 ~T—^/-/- /+<>?- •/ CIP-GEGEVENS Zeven, A.C. Dictionary ofcultivate d plants andthei rregion so f diversity: excluding mostornamentals ,fores t treesan d lowerplant s/ A.C .Zeve n andJ.M.J ,d eWet .- Wageninge n : Pudoc. -11 1 Herz,uitg . van:Dictionar y of cultivatedplant s andthei r centreso fdiversit y /A.C .Zeve n andP.M . Zhukovsky, 1975.- Me t index,lit .opg . ISBN 90-220-0785-5 SISO63 2UD C63 3 Trefw.:plantenteelt . ISBN 90-220-0785-5 ©Centre forAgricultura l Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen,1982 . Nopar t of thisboo k mayb e reproduced andpublishe d in any form,b y print, photoprint,microfil m or any othermean swithou t written permission from thepublisher . Contents Preface 7 History of thewor k 8 Origins of agriculture anddomesticatio n ofplant s Cradles of agriculture and regions of diversity 21 1 Chinese-Japanese Region 32 2 Indochinese-IndonesianRegio n 48 3 Australian Region 65 4 Hindustani Region 70 5 Central AsianRegio n 81 6 NearEaster n Region 87 7 Mediterranean Region 103 8 African Region 121 9 European-Siberian Region 148 10 South American Region 164 11 CentralAmerica n andMexica n Region 185 12 NorthAmerica n Region 199 Specieswithou t an identified region 207 References 209 Indexo fbotanica l names 228 Preface The aimo f thiswor k ist ogiv e thereade r quick reference toth e regionso f diversity ofcultivate d plants.Fo r important crops,region so fdiversit y of related wild species areals opresented .Wil d species areofte nusefu l sources of genes to improve thevalu eo fcrops . -
Capsicum'' 1 Capsicum
''Capsicum'' 1 Capsicum Capsicum Fruit and longitudinal section Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae (unranked): Angiosperms (unranked): Eudicots (unranked): Asterids Order: Solanales Family: Solanaceae Subfamily: Solanoideae Tribe: Capsiceae Genus: Capsicum [1] L. Species [2] See text For the fruit, see: Chili pepper For the heat simulating chemical in Chili pepper, see: Capsaicin Capsicum is a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family, Solanaceae. Its species are native to the Americas, where they have been cultivated for thousands of years by the people of the tropical Americas, and are now cultivated worldwide. Some of the members of Capsicum are used as spices, vegetables, and medicines. The fruit of Capsicum plants have a variety of names depending on place and type. They are commonly called chilli pepper, red or green pepper, or sweet pepper in Britain, and typically just capsicum in Australian, New Zealand, and Indian English. The large mild form is called bell pepper in the U.S. and Canada. They are called paprika in some other countries (although paprika can also refer to the powdered spice made from various capsicum fruit). The generic name is derived from the Greek word καπτο (kapto), meaning "to bite" or "to swallow."[3] The original Mexican term, chilli (now chile in Mexico) came from the Nahuatl word chilli or xilli, referring to a larger Capsicum variety cultivated at least since 3000 BC, as evidenced by remains found in pottery from Puebla and Oaxaca.[4] ''Capsicum'' 2 Capsaicin in capsicum The fruit of most species of Capsicum contains capsaicin (methyl vanillyl nonenamide), a lipophilic chemical that can produce a strong burning sensation in the mouth of the unaccustomed eater. -
Modelled Distributions and Conservation Status of the Wild Relatives of Chile Peppers (Capsicum L.)
Received: 3 August 2019 | Revised: 17 October 2019 | Accepted: 25 October 2019 DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13008 BIODIVERSITY RESEARCH Modelled distributions and conservation status of the wild relatives of chile peppers (Capsicum L.) Colin K. Khoury1,2,3 | Daniel Carver4 | Derek W. Barchenger5 | Gloria E. Barboza6,7 | Maarten van Zonneveld5 | Robert Jarret8 | Lynn Bohs9 | Michael Kantar10 | Mark Uchanski11 | Kristin Mercer12 | Gary Paul Nabhan13 | Paul W. Bosland14 | Stephanie L. Greene1 1National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA 2International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia 3Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA 4Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA 5World Vegetable Center, Tainan, Taiwan 6Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina 7Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina 8Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Griffin, GA, USA 9Biology Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA 10Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Science, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA 11Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA 12Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA 13Southwest Center and Institute of the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA 14 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA Correspondence Colin K. Khoury, International Center for Abstract Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17, Recta Aim: To fill critical knowledge gaps with regard to the distributions and conservation Cali-Palmira, Apartado Aéreo 6713, 763537 Cali, Colombia. -
Flora and Annual Distribution of Flowers and Fruits in the Ubajara National Park, Ceará, Brazil
Floresta e Ambiente 2020; 27(2): e20190058 https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.005819 ISSN 2179-8087 (online) ORIGINAL ARTICLE - Conservation of Nature Flora and Annual Distribution of Flowers and Fruits in the Ubajara National Park, Ceará, Brazil Andréa Pereira Silveira1 0000-0001-6785-5319 Bruno Sousa de Menezes2 0000-0003-1134-8996 Maria Iracema Bezerra Loiola2 0000-0003-3389-5560 Luiz Wilson Lima-Verde2 0000-0002-6908-1692 Dalva Neta e Zanina2 0000-0002-4653-445X Ellen Cristina Dantas de Carvalho2 0000-0002-6887-3970 Bruno Cruz de Souza2 0000-0002-4746-2638 Rafael Carvalho da Costa2 0000-0002-0942-3128 Waldir Mantovani2 0000-0002-9394-6860 Marcelo Oliveira Teles de Menezes3 0000-0003-2129-6843 Lilian Maria Araújo Flores2 0000-0001-8037-6021 Francisco Carlos Barboza Nogueira4 Ligia Queiroz Matias2 0000-0002-1889-5354 Lívia Silvia Barbosa5 Fernanda Melo Gomes2 0000-0002-4213-6577 Luciana Silva Cordeiro2 0000-0001-5624-2285 Valéria da Silva Sampaio2 0000-0002-6551-8877 Maria Edenilce Peixoto Batista2 0000-0002-1239-0902 Raimundo Luciano Soares Neto6 0000-0002-5643-9464 Maria Arlene Pessoa da Silva7 0000-0001-8148-5350 Natália Barbosa Campos7 Arycelle Alves de Oliveira7 Francisca Soares de Araujo2 0000-0003-4661-6137 Abstract Although the conservation of tropical biodiversity depends on protected areas, there is still a very large ‘gap’ of knowledge on the flora of Brazilian reserves, especially in the Northeast region of Brazil. Field and herbarium surveys of the phanerogamic flora of the Ubajara National Park, located on the Brazilian Northeast, were made and analyses on phenology and dispersal syndromes were performed. -
Nieuwe Gewassen Voor De Nederlandse Tuinbouw, Een Selectie Uit De Hooglanden Van De Andes
Nieuwe gewassen voor de Nederlandse tuinbouw, een selectie uit de hooglanden van de Andes Dimitri Jacobs Tropische Plantenteelt Vakgroep Agronomie, Landbouw Universiteit Wageningen Afstudeervak Agronomie (F350-714) Examinator Prof. dr. ir. R. Rabbinge Vakgroep Theoretische Produktie Ecologie Landbouw Universiteit Wageningen Begeleider lr. G.J. Jansen Xotus b.v. Delft Juli 1999 VOORWOORD Duivelseieren werden ze genoemd, terwijl ze uitgelepeld werden tijdens de lunchpauze. Fel oranje vruchten ter grootte van een ganzenei met dikke korte stekels en groen vruchtvlees. Het was een resultaat uit een hoekje van de serre waar eindeloos snoeiwerk was ingeslopen. Het resultaat mocht er dan ook wei zijn, hoewel ze meer opvielen door hun uiterlijk dan door de smaak. De interesse in de teelt van nieuwe vruchten en gewassen is er altijd al geweest, en kan opmerkelijke vruchten opleveren als de kiwano, Cucumis metuliferus. De nieuwsgierigheid en het enthousiasme tekent die mens en die experimenteren met nieuwe gewassen. Een boekwerk dat voor velen beslist een bron van inspiratie is in de teelt van nieuwe gewassen in Lost crops of the Incas, Popenoe eta/. (1989). lk heb de kans dan ook met beide handen aange nomen er een grondige studie van te kunnen maken. Mijn stage-ervaringen in het Australian New Crops Program hebben mij sterk gevormd in de commerciele omgang met nieuwe gewassen. Het is een kleine wereld, en verwijzingen naar ontwikkelingsstrategieen en ideeen die ik in 1997 heb opgedaan, komen naar voren in dit verslag. De toekomst zal leren in welke vorm ik na mijn studie met nieuwe gewassen te maken krijg. Commercieel, wetenschappelijk of in een begeleiden de rol voor anderen die zich inlaten in een tijdperk van nieuwe gewassen. -
Khan Et Al. 2008B
TAXON 57 (1) • February 2008: 1–17 Khan & al. • Tribal and generic circumscriptions of Sabiceeae Sabiceeae and Virectarieae (Rubiaceae, Ixoroideae): one or two tribes? New tribal and generic circumscriptions of Sabiceeae and biogeography of Sabicea s.l. Saleh A. Khan1,3, Sylvain G. Razafimandimbison2, Birgitta Bremer2 & Sigrid Liede-Schumann1 1 Department of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstr. 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany. [email protected] (author for correspondence) 2 Bergius Foundation, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences; Department of Botany, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden 3 Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh The results of two recent phylogenetic studies led to the reinstatement of the tribe Sabiceeae, currently clas- sified in the subfamily Ixoroideae s.l. (Rubiaceae) but with conflicting circumscriptions. In the present study, phylogenetic analyses based on nrITS and trnT-F sequence data of 78 taxa are performed to evaluate the dif- ferent circumscriptions of Sabiceeae, the generic limits within Sabiceeae, and the biogeography of Sabicea. The polyphyly of Sabiceeae sensu Andersson is confirmed, and Pentaloncha and Temnopteryx are shown not to belong to Ixoroideae s.l. but to the subfamily Rubioideae. Our results favour a broad circumscription of Sabiceeae that includes Ecpoma, Hekistocarpa, Pseudosabicea, Sabicea, Schizostigma, Stipularia, Tamridaea and Virectaria. Sabicea sensu Wernham is not monophyletic unless Ecpoma, Pseudosabicea, Schizostigma, -
Plano De Manejo Do Parque Nacional Do Viruâ
PLANO DE MANEJO DO PARQUE NACIONAL DO VIRU Boa Vista - RR Abril - 2014 PRESIDENTE DA REPÚBLICA Dilma Rousseff MINISTÉRIO DO MEIO AMBIENTE Izabella Teixeira - Ministra INSTITUTO CHICO MENDES DE CONSERVAÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE - ICMBio Roberto Ricardo Vizentin - Presidente DIRETORIA DE CRIAÇÃO E MANEJO DE UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO - DIMAN Giovanna Palazzi - Diretora COORDENAÇÃO DE ELABORAÇÃO E REVISÃO DE PLANOS DE MANEJO Alexandre Lantelme Kirovsky CHEFE DO PARQUE NACIONAL DO VIRUÁ Antonio Lisboa ICMBIO 2014 PARQUE NACIONAL DO VIRU PLANO DE MANEJO CRÉDITOS TÉCNICOS E INSTITUCIONAIS INSTITUTO CHICO MENDES DE CONSERVAÇÃO DA BIODIVERSIDADE - ICMBio Diretoria de Criação e Manejo de Unidades de Conservação - DIMAN Giovanna Palazzi - Diretora EQUIPE TÉCNICA DO PLANO DE MANEJO DO PARQUE NACIONAL DO VIRUÁ Coordenaço Antonio Lisboa - Chefe do PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Msc. Geógrafo Beatriz de Aquino Ribeiro Lisboa - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Bióloga Superviso Lílian Hangae - DIREP/ ICMBio - Geógrafa Luciana Costa Mota - Bióloga E uipe de Planejamento Antonio Lisboa - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Msc. Geógrafo Beatriz de Aquino Ribeiro Lisboa - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Bióloga Hudson Coimbra Felix - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Gestor ambiental Renata Bocorny de Azevedo - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Msc. Bióloga Thiago Orsi Laranjeiras - PN Viruá/ ICMBio - Msc. Biólogo Lílian Hangae - Supervisora - COMAN/ ICMBio - Geógrafa Ernesto Viveiros de Castro - CGEUP/ ICMBio - Msc. Biólogo Carlos Ernesto G. R. Schaefer - Consultor - PhD. Eng. Agrônomo Bruno Araújo Furtado de Mendonça - Colaborador/UFV - Dsc. Eng. Florestal Consultores e Colaboradores em reas Tem'ticas Hidrologia, Clima Carlos Ernesto G. R. Schaefer - PhD. Engenheiro Agrônomo (Consultor); Bruno Araújo Furtado de Mendonça - Dsc. Eng. Florestal (Colaborador UFV). Geologia, Geomorfologia Carlos Ernesto G. R. Schaefer - PhD. Engenheiro Agrônomo (Consultor); Bruno Araújo Furtado de Mendonça - Dsc. -
Agrárias [Recurso Eletrônico] : Pesquisa E Inovação Nas Ciências Que Alimentam O Mundo III / Organizador Eduardo Eugênio Spers
2020 by Editora Artemis Copyright © Editora Artemis Copyright do Texto © 2020 Os autores Copyright da Edição © 2020 Editora Artemis Edição de Arte: Bruna Bejarano Diagramação: Elisangela Abreu Revisão: Os autores Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0). O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento, desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, e sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais. Editora Chefe: Profª Drª Antonella Carvalho de Oliveira Editora Executiva: Viviane Carvalho Mocellin Organizador: Eduardo Eugênio Spers Bibliotecário: Maurício Amormino Júnior – CRB6/2422 Conselho Editorial: Prof. Dr. Adalberto de Paula Paranhos, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Prof.ª Dr.ª Amanda Ramalho de Freitas Brito, Universidade Federal da Paraíba Prof.ª Dr.ª Angela Ester Mallmann Centenaro, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Prof.ª Dr.ª Carmen Pimentel, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Prof.ª Dr.ª Catarina Castro, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal Prof.ª Dr.ª Cláudia Neves, Universidade Aberta de Portugal Prof. Dr. Cleberton Correia Santos, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Prof. Dr. Eduardo Eugênio Spers, Universidade de São Paulo Prof. Dr. Eloi Martins Senhoras, Universidade Federal de Roraima Prof.ª Dr.ª Elvira Laura Hernández Carballido, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, México Prof.ª Dr.ª Emilas Darlene Carmen Lebus, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste/ Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Argentina Prof. Dr. Geoffroy Roger Pointer Malpass, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro Prof.ª Dr.ª Iara Lúcia Tescarollo Dias, Universidade São Francisco Prof. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0223611 A1 LNDEMAN Et Al
US 20140223611A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0223611 A1 LNDEMAN et al. (43) Pub. Date: Aug. 7, 2014 (54) METHOD FORTRANSFERRING ONE OR Publication Classification MORE GENETIC TRAITS FROMA PLANT OF THE PURPLE-FLOWERED CAPSCUM (51) Int. Cl. SPECIES TO A PLANT OF THE AOIH 5/08 (2006.01) WHITE-FLOWERED CAPSCUMI SPECIES (52) U.S. Cl. CPC ........................................ A0IH 5/08 (2013.01) (71) Applicant: Enza Zaden Beheer B.V., Enkhuizen USPC ....................................................... 8OO/317.1 (NL) (57) ABSTRACT (72) Inventors: Wouter LINDEMAN, Enkhuizen (NL); Iris Alke HEIDMANN, Enkhuizen (NL) The present invention relates to a white-flowered Capsicum annuum plant, comprising a gene encoding the bacterial spot (73) Assignee: Enza Zaden Beheer B.V., Enkhuizen disease resistance protein 4 (BS4), wherein the gene is derived (NL) from a purple-flowered Capsicum species plant and the gene conveys resistance to a bacterial spot pathogen disease caused (21) Appl. No.: 14/091,275 by Xanthomanas campestris pv. vesicatoria. The invention also relates to a white-flowered Capsicum annuum plant, (22) Filed: Nov. 26, 2013 comprising a gene encoding the bacterial spot disease resis tance protein 4 (BS4), wherein the plant is resistant to bacte Related U.S. Application Data rial spot pathogen disease caused by Xanthomanas campes (60) Continuation of application No. 13/232,466, filed on tris pv. vesicatoria race I, II, III, IV, and VI. The invention Sep. 14, 2011, now Pat. No. 8,618,370, which is a further relates to a seed that produces a white-flowered Cap division of application No.