149 Dec. 21,1867. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. Subscription to the Souictrors’ JoURNAL is—Town, ments, to have received further instructions from friends ., Country, 288., with the WEEKLY ReporTER, 52s. of the prisoner’s; a circumstance which, as all members Payment in advance includes Double Numbers and of the Common Law Bar know, is very frequently un- 6. e avoidable; and his speech is directed to this, that he fewie 3 can have their Volumes bound at the Office—cloth, was dissatisfied with their conduct or attitude in relation 99, 6d; half law calf, 4s. 6d. to the outrage. But the conduct of the prisoner’s friends Ail Letters intended for publication in the ‘* Solicitors’ Jour- does not affect the relation between the counsel and the nal” must be authenticated by the name of the writer, accused. This is the gist of the matter, and when the though not necessarily for publication. Where difficulty is experienced in procuring the Journal with matter is viewed in this light, the conclusion cannot well regularity in the Provinces, it is requested that application be avoided, that Dr. Kenealy was, strictly speaking, wrong in throwing up his brief on this occasion. be made direct to the Publisher. But while saying this we cannot help remarking that the principle above mentioned is one with reference to which a counsel may at least be excused if he shrink Che Solicitors’ Journal. from carrying it out to the furthest extent. We do not know what Dr. Kenealy may have discovered, and can- not tell what provocation, so to speak, he may have had. LONDON, DECEMBER 21, 1867. The matter then comes to this, that Dr. Kenealy ap- —>——— pears to have acted wrongly, but possibly with an excuse TwiIcE during the last few weeks has it occurred that for doing so. Wecan find no excuse, however, for the a barrister, engaged before a magistrate for prisoners speech which he made before Sir Thomas Henry. If charged on suspicion of being the perpetrators of a Fe- anything had come to his knowledge giving rise to an nian outrage,—has thrown up his brief and retired from invincible repugnance to hold his brief any further, he the case which he had: been retained to defend. The should have quietly notified to the prisoners his relin- circumstances, however, under which these two events quishment of their defence and disappeared from the case, lave happened, were widely different. The ground He had no business to volunteer any statement referring which Mr. Ernest Jones made for throwing up his brief to the prisoner’s friends in connection with the outrage; at Manchester was, that he considered that the prisoners he had no business to volunteer the statement that he for whom he appeared were being unfairly and impre- originally undertook the defence with reluctance, and the perly treated by the magistrote, in being kept manacled observations which he made respecting the manner in while in court. Dr. Kenealy, on ‘the contrary, appears to which the prosecution had been conducted by the Crown have been dissatisfied, rot with the Court but with—and were, to say the very least, irrelevant. here is a difficulty—with whom? It is not very clear from Dr. Kenealy’s speech before Sir Thomas Henry, Some of the incidents which arise in connection with what is the precise reason which induced him to retire Fenianism are even more curious from their want of pur- from the case. He says :—“I would have fought it (the pose and reason, than the existence of the conspiracy case) to the end, but the dreadful proceedings of Friday itself, They are truly Hibernian, in the sense in which have so influenced my mind that I could not bring tothe that word provoked such an angry discussion at the Old case that attention which a counsel ought to devote to Bailey this week. What can be more astounding than for so important an investigation. When a party to a cause a member of parliament to interrupt the proceedings of a or his friends retain counsel, there is at least a tacit under- court of justice in order to complain of a personal indignity of the blica- standing that the law is to regulate their conduct through- to himself, inflicted on him by certain persons in hisemploy- ry to out the proceedings, which are to be conducted wholly ment having been summoned to give evidence as wit- Intel. under the sacred abitrament of justice and within its nesses in thecourt. Thisappears to have been the substance ional holy temple ; that there is to be no resort to violence nor of Sir John Gray’s complaint at the police court in Dublin, nded to any acts that could interfere with the proper course of and having, as we understand the report, explained that he law ; and if that compact is broken the counsel has no had prevented those persons appearing or the summonses tight to appear for any person by whom, or on whose be- from being served, by agreeing to take their place. He then half, it has been violated. As far as the prisoners them- proceeded to “ state most distinctly that he would never selves are concerned, I do not intend to impute that they consent to be examined as a Crown witness.” Whether had any complicity in the act of last night; but I can- he meant to take the same ground as Mr. Sullivan, the not disguise from myself that those persons who in- editor of the Nation had previously done, that he ought structed me may have sympathies with that attempt, to have been charged as a defendant, does not quite ap- and that it was their duty, if they did not sympathise pear. It is certainly a new doctrine that to be summoned with it, to satisfy me and the solicitor through whom I was as a witness can possibly be an indignity. Questions put instructed, that they at least were not concerned in it, to a witness might possibly be so, but the witness must and, they not having done that, I must commit to other wait till they are put before he objects. So if these per- hands the task of defending the prisoners.” sons had intended to decline to give evidence on the If, as the opening sentence of the passage which we ground that they would be criminating themselves, which, ’ have extracted states, Dr. Kenealy was so unnerved by however, was clearly not their ground, they could not the horrible occurence at Clerkenwell; that he felt him- have refused to be sworn, but must have waited until self incapable of doing justice to the prisoner’s case, he questions were asked, the answers to which might crim- was certainly to be felt for, but we may observe, that un- inate them. The whole proceeding certainly are as in- less counsel knew himself to be so utterly prostrated consistent as anything could be with the “ profound re- (which we do not suppose to have been the case) as to spect for the bench and court ” which was expressed. It be absolutely incapable in the matter, it was for the is, however, idle to point out to these persons the ab- prisoner to say whether or no he was dissatisfied with surdity of their conduct. If not entirely wanting in all the prospective efficiency of his counsel, and if the prisoner reasoning power, they must have seen that they were persisted in trusting to the shattered remains of his either acting childishly, or else openly and treasonably Counsel’s nerve and skill, it was the counsel’s duty to go defying the government and denying their authority. on. But it is sufficiently evident that the consideration Such conduct is, to say the least of it, mischievous on the of his own incompetence was not the motive which in- part of persons who might be expected to set an example duced Dr. Kenealy to do as he has done. His subsequent to others who have more excuse for being ignorant. It remarks show that. Now, although Dr. Kenealy appears is at least a question whether the magistrate ought not to to have been instructed in the first instance by an have directed charges to be preferred against all whoavowed attorney, in accordance with the requirements of pro- their participation in the procession and its objects. etiquette, he appears, from his own state- Whether the procession was legal or illegal, of course was 150 THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. Dec. 21, 1867, and still is undecided, but there was at least as much and delay, and to repress as far as possible all Vexations reason for trying the question in the case of persons who and merely cost-creating proceedings. openly avowed and justified their participation in it, after Our winding-up machinery, however, has not yet been its legality had been challenged in a conrt of law, as in brought to this pitch ; it ought to be worked mor the case of others who possibly may have supposed its cheaply and quickly than at present. A few daysagos legality unquestionable. correspondent of the Zimes called attention to a case in which a liquidation, begun in 1849, had, not until the Our ConTEMPORARY the Lancet, this week, in an article present month, culminated in a first and final dividend of which we reprint, notices the unsatisfactory character of 2s. 9d., and there are still lingering on liquidations jp medical evidence in trials for compensation for personal bankruptcy under the Companies Act of 1856 ; it istime injuries. It suggests what appears to us, when put in that these are under an old and inferior system, but they working shape, to be, at all events a very practical scheme, are yet significant of the tardy manner in which assets are though opinions may differ as to whether it would be a realised and complicated accounts worked out ; and lignj. beneficial one, for disposing of such cases. This scheme, dations under the winding-up machinery of the Act of 1869, in effect, amounts to this, that there should be appointed display a very great tenacity of life. Mr. Watkin's com. a certain number of medical arbitrators, whom we may mittee had before them the best possible witnesses, butno call medical masters, and that, as now, where a case new light was struck out upon this subject, and indeed the involves matter of account which cannot conveniently attention of the committee seems to have been turned be tried in the ordinary way, a judge may refer it to a rather to other points. As to a suggestion which hag master, so where a case involves matter of medical been made that the liquidation of companies might be left science which cannot conveniently be tried by a to their own individual constitution—the mode in each jury, the jury should have power to refer it to a case to be provided by the articles of association, we have medical master or board of masters. In cases where no hesitation in saying that such a plan would be most there was any reason to suppose that the medical evidence undesirable, and would involve ten times the evil of the on one side or the other was dishonestly given, it is no present system. We believe ourselves that much may be a eeesweatthOcw Ste on ea, ae gs 0 Sue doubt possible that a medical board might be able to done by care in the appointment of official liquidators, and detect the imposture, although cross-examination might scrutiny and auditing of winding-up accounts and expenses, fail to expose it. In other cases, where opposite medical We have before now expressed our opinion as to the very opinions are honestly entertained by men of equal emi- great caution necessary in appointing an official liqui- nence in their profession, it is at least an open question dator, and questioned the advisability of many liqui- whether it is fairer to the parties that a decision should dations being entrusted to the same individuals, and we be given by educated practical men, such as special jury- may notice that Vice Chancellor Stuart remarked one day men usually are, after weighing the opinions and reason this week in a winding-up case, that the more he sawof put before them, or whether it should be decided by liquidations the more certain he felt that the greatest medical men who would of course be guided by their care ought to be taken in the selection of liquidators, own individual opinions in the case, and these ew hypo- Only a few days ago it had been demonstrated to him thesi would vary according as they happened to hold that, in a case before him in chambers, the refusal to ap- one class of views or the other. If the principle that point a great public accountant the liquidator had saved only doctors can decide between doctors is to be carried the business in question from complete ruin, out to the fullest extent, the medical arbitrators must be appointed by medical men, and the medical electors again WE REGRET extremely the altercation which took by others, unless universal suffrage of the medical profes- place this week, at the Central Criminal Court, between sion could be adopted. Without however acknowledging Mr. Ribton and Mr. Commissioner Kerr. The display of the principle to this extent, it might we think be carried temper on both sides was very indecoroas, but, in point out with advantage in a modified manner by a scheme of law, there can be no doubt but that the judge was similar to the one suggested by the Lancet. wrong. After the jury had acquitted the prisoner upon one charge, Mr. Ribton was proceeding with another, THE DAILY PAPERS have lately printed a great num- when the prisoner's counsel applied for a postponement ber of complaints of the delay and expense attendant on account of the absence of material witnesses. There- on the present machinery for winding up companies. upon, Mr. Ribton asked that an affidavit should be made, It is an excessively unpleasant thing to be’ interested, stating why these witnesses were absent—a requisition either as debtor or creditor, in the liquidation of a mori- which it was not only his right but his duty to make; bund company, but still it is hardly fair to debit all the and the judge then took the extraordinary course of annoyance to the present system. As long as there are perusing the brief for the defence, and granted the post- such institutions as companies, so long will there be dis- ponement, upon no evidence of its being advisable. As putes as to whether particular companies should or far as the law of the matter is concerned, the counsel should not be dissolved, and as long as there are such was right and the judge wrong, but both behaved in persons as creditors and shareholders, so long will the most improper and unbecoming manner. former desire to get as much as they can, and the latter to pay as little as they can; and where neither of two WHILE LOOKING into the Commons Enclosure Act of opposing parties will give way, the law must arbitrate. 1845 (8 & 9 Vic. c. 118), we have come across a curious In litigation it is a pretty well-esablished usage that the instance of the way in which our Acts of Parliament are losing party should throw the blame on everything but phrased. Section 131 of this Act provides that, “The the weakness of his own case; and as it is easiest and several persons interested in the enclosure and other pro- most satisfactory to blame somebody or something which ceeding under this Act shall pay their own expenses is sure not to answer, “the law” comes in fora very whenever they shall attend any of the meetings to be large share of the reproaches of unsuccessful suitors, held in the matter of any enclosure.” Does that mean that In the litigation which attends the winding-up of if a party employs a solicitor the man of law is to have companies, this is especially the case, and somewhat no costs? Of course the section intends nothing of the naturally so, for it very frequently happens in these cases kind, but it is a sample of the slovenly manner in which that fraud, mismanagement, or perhaps mere misfortune our epactments are turned out. has occasioned a loss which must fall on some innocent party, and where that is so, it is not surprising that the THE ACTION FOR LIBEL in the Court of Queen’s Bench, party ultimately saddled with it should be somewhat in- Wason v. The Proprietor of the “ Times,” terminated discriminating in his reproaches. There’ always will be yesterday afternoon in a verdict for the defendant upon complaints, but most certainly the machinery ought to all the counts. The plaintiff seught to recover damages be arranged so as to work with a minimum of expense for injury to his character by means of the Dee. 21,1867. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. 151

in the “Times” of the report of a debate which took wooden leg; it is not very complimentary to the com- place in the House of Lords in February last. The debate missioners, and places them in rather an uncomplimen- in question was upon a petition presented by the plain- tary attitude towards the bar. Whatever, however, may tiff, with reference to a certain alleged false statement be the expectation in which the Commissioners cunceived made upon his honour as a gentleman by the present their scheme, it is very certain that whatever plan they Lord Chief Baron (then Mr. Kelly), before an election might have adopted, there would have been much committee in the year 1835, and which was brought be- murmuring. If they had at once proceeded to select fore the notice of the House by the petitioner, Mr. Rigby three or four men of known ability, there would have Wason, an old political opponent of Sir Fitzroy Kelly’s, been dissatisfaction ; and in this respect their task seems as constituting good ground for the removal of Sir Fitz- rather a thankless one. They do not seem to have acted roy Kelly from a judicial position. It was clearly shown very wisely, and the Bar have certainly very little to in the course of the debate that the allegation of Mr. thank them for. There will, however, be this result. Wason was without foundation. Together with a report The Commissioners will, at the end of Hilary Term, be of the debate—which it was not denied was a faithful placed in possession of the “ ideas ” of a digest entertained one—the Zimes published a leader commenting upon Mr. by a small number of members of the junior Bar (bills of Wason’s conduct in bringing forward such accusations exchange and mortgages appear to be the most popular without substantial grounds. The first count of the de- subjects with those men who have resolved on answering: ‘glaration averred a libel in the publication of the report; the Commissioners’ “ call off the stand”’), and will have in second and third counts libels were averred as con- the means of ascertaining a number of men worthy of tained in the leading article above mentioned, and ina —- as subordinates on the main body of the second article commenting upon proceedings before the work, Guildhall Police Court, on the occasionof Mr. Wason’s We are, however, to have a digest, be it obtained how vainly endeavouring to obtain a criminal information it may; but there is another very important question. against the Zimes. Upon the first count the Lord Chief What are we to do with our digest when we have got it ? Justice directed a verdict for the defendant, on the When we find ourselves in possession of a digest, which ground that the publication of a faithful report of pro- we will assume to have been prepared by the ablest men ceedings in Parliament is privileged. (Davison v. in the best manner, what will be its value and effect. Duncan, 7 E. & B. 229, 5 W. R. 253.) Upon the The Commissioners understand a digest to be “ a con- two other counts his lordship left it to the densed summary of the law as it exists, arranged in jury to say whether they were more than a fair com- systematic order, under appropriate titles and sub-divi- mentary upon the debate, impartially and properly dis- sions, and divided into articles and propositions, which cussed as concerning the character of one of the highest would be supported by references to the sources of law, judicial functionaries. A bill of exceptions to his lord- whence they were severally derived, and might be illus- ship’s ruling on the first count was tendered, and it is trated by citations of the principle instances in which satisfactory to know that if there is any doubt as to the the rules stated had been discussed or applied.” The protection of public journals in publishing bona fide nearest approach to anything of the kind which we now reports of Parliamentary, proceedings, it will soon give enjoy is Mr. Hawkins’ Concise Treatises‘on the Construc- way to a distinct enunciation of the law on this im- tion of Wills, a very admirable book, with which every portant subject. lawyer is acquainted. Such a “condensed summary ” would certainly be beneficial to students, there can be no THE FORTHCOMING DIGEST. doubt about that; it would, moreover, as the Commis- Most of our contemporaries, in criticising the scheme sioners say, induce “a more constant reference to general which the Digest Commission have conceived of starting principles, in place of isolated decisions.” It would bea a competition among the members of the bar, have taken guide to counsel advising or getting up arguments, and the view which we adopted afew weeksago. The Pall Mall an assistance to the judges on the bench. But it would Gazette, especially, in a very able article, recently remarked not supersede the 1,300 volumes which contain Lord on the inappropriateness of the scheme. “ Is it likely,” Westbury’s “Chaos of Judicial Legislation,” it would our contemporary remarked “ that you will be able to call only be concurrent with them. We should still have to men fitted for such work from their other occupations dig into the vast dark mine of entangled cases, though with as little ceremony as you would call cabs from the with the digest to light us. stand, and with the strong probability that after all their The Commissioners too appear to us to point out evils services will not be required?” The Pall Mali Gazette goes which a condensed summary would be unable to remedy. on to remark that a very expensive article is wanted, and Many of the cases in the reports, they say, “ are obsolete, the public must be content to pay a fair price for it, and many have been made useless by subsequent statutes, by adds that it would be not difficult to select from the num- amendment of the law, repealing the statutes on which number who have by the law books they have written the cases were decided, or otherwise; some have been proved themselves competent for the task, a sufficient reversed on appeal or overruled in principle; some are ber of men able and willing if well paid to execute the inconsistent with or contradictory to others; many are specimen digests. Itis certain that the objections to the plan limited to particular facts or special states of circum- which the commissioners have adopted are very grave ; it stances furnishing no general rule; and many do no more isimprobable in the first place that the best men will choose than put a meaning on mere singularities of expression to enter the lists of such a competition. With regard in instruments (as wills, agreements, or local Acts of to the competency which our text-book writers have Parliament) or exhibit the application in particular in- shown for the task,our law books are too frequently stances cf established rules of construction.” Now, the mere strings of head-notes, depending for their value upon inconvenience arising fromi this state of things is great, the index, but nevertheless there are books which prove but it may be overrated, for a man searching for the the authors to possess that acquaintance with authorities, case-law applicable to a particular state of facts before that power of arrangement, and that power of extracting him, does not launch out into the reports passim, but the pith of decisions which we want to secure in the per- follows up some clue which he has got from a text book, sons of the compilers of our future digest. It has been or from some reported case. It would, however, be very suggested that the plan which the commissioners have nice to have all the obsolete, and the overruled, and the adopted is to be accounted for upon the supposition that unnecessary and immaterial cases expunged from the they had not arrived at any very clear idea in their own body of the case law, but a “condensed summary ” would | minds of what the forthcoming digest was to be, and not do this, and what is more, it would not even point wished to get at the ideas of the bar upon the subject. them out. It must be confessed that this supposition rather reminds We must not, therefore, expect too much from our one of Mr. Pecksniff asking for Mrs, Todgers’ idea of a digest—it will be a very excellent, condensed, compre- 152 THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. Dec. 21, 1867, = = hensive text book, but it will be nothing more, and as to its members by keeping them safe from hostile aggres. such it will certainly be very handy. sion, was, relatively to its action as an internal police, As an authority, it will be entitled to great respect, and much more important than it is at present. For the will no doubt be treated with such by the judges, but its normal attitude of states to one another, is no conclusions will not of course be binding upon them. longer one of menace and hostility. The main end of Nay, we must expect that it will occasionally be over- governments in our day, at anyrateof those governments reece ruled. “I do not understand that case so,”—we shall concerning which it is worth while to argue a question of have a judge saying, when the resultant force of some international law, is the municipal government of its reported decision, as measured in the digest,is cited before own members. In other words, formerly the most im. him. This will produce confusion: and it will be a grave portant duty of a citizen was to succour the government question to be hereafter determined, whether in order to in its relations with foreign governments, now almost his make the digest of permanent practical use its pro- only duty is to obey the laws so long as he remains d positions must not be invested by Parliament with the facto a citizen. That great importance was attached to authority of a decision of the House of Lords. Now this the retention of citizens on this ground is clear enough would be to turn the digest into a code. from the similar importance attached to their creation, But let us not be understood as offering any opposition The notion is even now too popular that one who bears to the compilation of the digest: on the contrary, we ex- many children is a benefactor to the State, Mr. Malthus tend a hearty welcome to the project; we are merely has pretty well satisfied those whose satisfaction is in anxious that its function and its advantages should be any way desirable, that this has ceased to be the case, but correctly appreciated, the formalities attendant upon this notion retain their In conclusion, there is one consideration which is of antiquated shape—the Queen still presenting any wo. very great importance indeed. Half the advantage in the man who has three or four children at a birth with an case of a digest, and a far larger proportion in that of a equal number of sovereigns. code, will be utterly lost, unless we bring into operation Apart from the interests of abstract truth, it is important some new law-making machinery. Now, a digest will to get rid of this notion that the English doctrine of al- be a great help towards that correct appreciation of the legiance has a feudal origin. It is respectable in an in- state of the existing law which should precede legislation, stitution no less than in a person to be able to trace it but unless some procedure be introduced which shall en- to a feudal origin. To refer anything to the feudal sure that every bill shall be drawn by draftsmen ade- system, is to appeal to a class of ideas which most na- quately informed with that appreciation, and all amend- tional people have perhaps got rid of, but which, though ments revised by a board similarly qualfied, the best perhaps one does not care to entertain them at home, are stresses digest or the best code in the world, crossed in all direc- still treated with a good deal of respect abroad. tions by enactments framed with slovenliness in the first We should be very much surprised to find that it was instance, and subsequently hacked about as our Acts of not the rule in most states at an early stage of their his. Parliament are, will soon cease to be a reliable guide to tory. Anyone conversant with the English reluctance to ee the true state of the law. alter anything, will find no difficulty in accounting for our retaining what other nations have long abjured. But have they really done so, is the voice of the rest of THE DOCTRINE OF ALLEGIANCE. the world -really so much against us? “ Historicus” is The question, “ Who is a British sublect ? ” has been clearly of this view, but his opinion would be entitled to recalled to the attention of the public by a paragraph greater weight if he had shown a more accurate appre- in the recent message of President Johnson; and ciation of the distinction between a citizen and a subject. “ Historicus ” lately occupied two columns and a half of We will take the case of the two nations whose practice the Times in a discussion of the question. We believe in this particular he himself cites—the ancient Romans with him that “the time is arrived when this question and the modern French. must be dealt with in a large and an enlightened spirit.” His authority for the Roman doctrine in the argument The whole matter will probably be gone into shortly by of Cicero, when pleading as counsel for Balbus, Ne quis those qualified to deal with it. What we propose to do in civitate maneat invitus. Now, without dwelling on the here is briefly to examine some of the statements of unsatisfactory character of a mere dictum of counsel, we “ Historicus,” with a view to testing his accuracy and must remind the reader that long after the age of Cicero judgment, as this may perhaps serve as a further ‘test of Roman citizenship was a privilege—down to the time his fitness to suggest the special form which the change of Caracalla the distinction between subject and citizen re ae el ee ee ee an 2 in the law should take, for it is inevitable that there was a real one, both owed allegiance to the State, but the must be some change. The common law doctrine, as latter alone enjoyed the privileges of the civis. The everyone knows, is expressed by.the maxim, “emo potest following extract is from the digest of Justinian, a work exuere patriam.” “Historicus” calls this a “ feudal compiled more than five centuries after the oration for dogma.” Isitso? ‘The incidents of allegiance, whilst Balbus was delivered: — ‘ it continued, were doubtless feudal, but did the feudal “ Transfug@ nullum postliminium est: nam qui malo system contain this special rule as to the perpetuity of consilio et proditoris animo patriam reliquit, hostium allegiance? Hear what is said by Mr. Hallam, an accu- numero habendus est.” rate writer—“ The Count of Brittany, Pierre de Dreux, “ Transfuga autem non is solus accipiendus est, qui aut had practically asserted this feudal right during the ad hostes, aut in bello transfuyit: sed et qui per inducia- minority of St. Louis. In a public instrument he rum tempus, aut ad eos, cum quibus nulla amicitia est, announced to the world that; having met with repeated fide suscepta transfugit.” (P.49, 15. 19.4, 8.) injuries from the Regent, and denial of justice, he had let It will take a somewhat more cogent reason than any the King know that he no longer considered himself as furnished by the declamatory flourish of an orator to con- his vassal, but renounced his homage and defied him.” vince us that a nation so sternly absorbed as the Romans “Tt was always necessary for a vassal to renounce his with the one idea of patriotism, would ever have pat- homage before he made war on his lord, if he would doned, at any distance of time, a defection from the ranks avoid the shame and penalty of feudal treason.” Our of its partizans, though it might, in many cases, punish barons specially reserved the right to levy war on John offenders with a deprivation of the privileges of citizen- if he failed to observe Magna Charta. ship. We have seen what “ Historicus” has made of the The truth is, the notion of allegiance gained its Rome of Cicero’s time; let us see if he is more happy in strength, not from any so-called feudal origin, but from his citation of the France of Napoleon. He quotes as the fact that at the time when the notion originated, in- follows from the Code Civil :— vasions and conquests were common, not exceptional, and “ Art. 21,—Le Frangais qui sans autorisation prendrait that part of the protection which a government extends du service chez l’étranger ou s’affilierait & une corpora- Dec. 21,1867. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. i53

tion militaire étrangére perdra sa qualité de Francais.” of other nations, to which we have not adverted, namely, Why is the quotation made to stop here. What follows that their practice, quite independently of its authorit- ig surely very much in point:— ; ative force, really forms one of the elements of the prob- “Tl ne pourra rentrer en France qu’avec l’autorisation lem to he resolved; for the practice of other countries dn roi, et recouvrir la qualité de Francais qu’en has frequently a very important relation to our own con- remplissant les conditions imposées 4 l’etranger pour duct, What it would be best for the whole world to devenir citoyen; le tout sans préjudice des peines pro- agree in doing is one thing, what it is best for us to do noncées par la loi criminelle contre les Frangais qui ont when the proceedings of our neighbours have already porté ou porteront les armes contre leur patrie.” If this been resolved upon, may be a very different one. is not “ amittit patriam, sed non patrim patriw, amiitit But the former inquiry, though different from the latter, reguum sed non regem,” it is difficult to say what is. should clearly precede it. The question is not so easy If the reader will turn to the Code Pénal he may read that we can afford to consider it in its full complication what those peines prononcées are:— at. the outset. Let us endeavour to solve the simpler “Art, 75.—Tout Francais qui aura porté les armes problem first, and our solution, if it does nothing more, contre la France sera puni de mort.” * will at least familiarize us with the ideas involved, and, There are some minor peculiarities in the letter of form a first rough approximation to the truth. “ Historicus,” but we have said enough to show our Let us then examine what are the true grounds on readers that this gentleman’s endeavours, though praise- which the English doctrine of allegiance demands modi- worthy and in the right direction, are scarcely suffi- fication. ciently trustworthy to form by themselves a basis for Dismissing the consideration of merely abusive future legislation. Moreover, the general conclusion at epithets, and giving only its due weight to the practice which the learned gentleman arrives is so unimpeach- of other nations when we know what that practice able, and the desirability, not to say urgency, of prac- is, let us regard the doctrine of allegiance in its relation ticaliy adopting it is so great, that it is a matter of the to human reason, whose principles are, or at least should very greatest importance that the most prominent advo- be, common to all nations, ancient and modern. cate of the salutary charge should not be permitted thus The clue to the whole question is to be found in a proper to shore up a staunch and powerful structure with rotten interpretation of the rule “ protectio trahit subjectionem ptoofs, whatever their ornamental worth or their decla- et subjectio protectionen” (7 Rep. 5). That rule received matory character. Such aids to reasoning not only dis- a partial exemplification in the 11 Hen.7 c. 1, which is figure a discourse, they weaken the public confidence in said to have been declaratory of the common law, and its strength. which enacted that no one should be held guilty of We may, indeed, very easily overestimate the import- treason against the king de jure, who should simply serve ance of the example afforded us by foreign countries, and the king de facto. The reason of the statute resides in it is difficult to exaggerate the evil likely to result from this, that the Sovereign has not only rights but duties; blindly following it. It does not follow because we are where he ceases to extend protection he must also cease singular—supposing this for the moment to be so—that to command obedience. Now where a man goes abroad we are also necessarily wrong. The argument from ex- and remains there “sans esprit de retour,’ in what ample is only to be used when closer arguments are not sense can you say that his former sovereign is de facto to be had. The suggestive value of example it is im- his king ? possible to estimate too highly; but the attention having It is doubtless true that in modern times the sove- SS aeeae once been called to the peculiarity of our practice being reign of one country does extend protection to all his discordant with that of others, the subject henceforth subjects resident in any foreign country with which should be: discussed on its own merits. The reverence he maintains diplomatic relations, and so far as this felt in this country for authority in legal matters may protection is a real and not a nominal one, this ground be a wise condition of the mind, or it may be the re- for renouncing allegiance does not exist. But the verse; but whether it be advantageous to our judicial position may be carried further. The maxim quoted, system or not, it rests on special ground of its own, rightly interpreted, does not mean that whenever namely, that certainty is the child of uniformity of deci- a sovereign has already extended protection, and is sion, and will not suffer adoption at the hands of any willing to continue to extend such protection to other; and that certainty is preferable, on the whole, to an individual, that individual is bound to accept such the doubtful conclusions of a nicely-balanced equity, spe- prolonged benefit, and thus render himself bound to a cially moulding itself to the peculiarities of each par- continued obedience. No, the rule merely means that ticular case, but whose ultimate result, even if it did certain duties are correlative. How long that correla- not depend on the idiosyncrucy of a judge, no one but tion shall be exemplified in any individual case, or upon @ profound casuist would venture to predict. what terms the relation of subject and sovereign may But in this case it is not desired to follow a precedent, be made to cease, will depend upon principles, of but to alter a well established rule. And that being so, which the chief is, that the collective state exists for the question must be settled on its own merits, and the the benefit of its individual members, among whom the thorough discussion of a question on its own merits has, individual desiring to secede is one, and for that alone. where a change is intended, this additional advantage, The separation, then, of a citizen from the State, the that it not only decides the question of whether a change political divorce between them, must be permitted on is desirable, but if that point be decided in the affirma- terms fair to each party. Until a reason be shown to tive, also goes a great way towards showing the par- the contrary, the implied contract between the State ticular form which the change should take,—and we are and the citizen exists de die in diem only during the then in a position to derive the maximum advantage joint will of both. Cases may, however, easily be put, from an observation of the practice of our neighbours, where it would be most, inequitable for the citizen to say, Wwe possess some standard by which to test its practical “TI renounce my citizenship.” The guiding principle efficiency as one expedient for carrying out the central here must therefore be perfect freedom of choice on the idea which we have already formed. We are saved from part of each, so far as that liberty does not interfere either regarding their practice with blind reverence or with the substantial rights of the other. We dwell on treating it with insular contempt. In fact, we are then this because the question of expatriation is treated by Prepared to examine and to use it, “ Historicus”’ in a loose and hasty way. We submit There is indeed one reason for considering the practice that something more than “some formal act” should be required at the hands of a British subject, who desires to 2 * By a decree of the date 6th April, 1809, any Frenchman ‘ autorisé ou non a servi &]’etranger, que ne serait pas rentré withdraw himself from the State. For it is not only en France & l’ordre de rappel, est considéré comme ayant porté “against a fraudulent expatriation, made for the express es armes contre sa patrie.”” purpose of injuring the native State,” that“ provision ” 154 THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. Dec. 21, 186%, ———————.... should be made. Reasonable notice should be required, guide to a certain class of reported cases which are now there should be,so to speak, an apprenticeship to expatria- rendered of little or no importance. tion, just as similar conditions are imposed on naturaliza- It was hitherto an established doctrine of the Court of tion. And, as in such matters a little friction is no bad Equity that “ persons dealing with expectant heirs (under thing, some reasonable ground might be demanded of which denomination remaindermen and reversioners are each man who required to be released from his allegiance. included) must prove that they have given their value We have, perhaps, been somewhat tedious, but our for the interest acquired by them,* and that doctrine ex- object has been to show in what spirit the inquiry should tended to the setting aside of purchases made of reversio- be approached. The general principle is a very ners and persons in a similar situation, wholly irrespective simple one, but the special cases which must be of fraud or unfair dealing. In Edwards v. Burt. 2 D.M, provided for, will render the details of any legislation on & G. 55, a purchase made from a reversioner was set aside the subject exceedingly complicated, and make it desir- wholly on the ground of its subsequently appearing that able that the whole matter should be investigated with the sale had been made at an undervalue; the case being the greatest anxiety and care. considered solely with reference to that consideration,tiand Lord Cranworth, then Lord Justice, felt bound by the MEDICAL EVIDENCE IN RAILWAY CASES, principle as laid down in Lord Alborough v. Trye,7 Cl. & F. 436, and several older cases. It was urged, indeed (From the LANCET.) that if this were the law, no sale of a reversion could be NoTHING has a greater tendency in the public mind to sustained unless made by public auction, but that was weaken the confidence in medicine as an exact science not quite so, and if, as in Perfect v. Lane, 10 W. R. 197, than the medical evidence given at trials for compensation the purchaser could show that he had given the fair for railway injuries. The newspapers of the last few market value, the Court of Chancery, if appealed to, con- days abound with reports of thesecases. Withouta single firmed him in his purchase. The doctrine extended to exception, medical testimony was adduced on the part of mortgages as well as absolute purchases, and reversioners the plaintiff and defendant of a most contradictory cha- who mortgaged their reversions at an exorbitant rate of racter; this, too, by men of equal standing and eminence interest were relieved accordingly; upon this application in the profession. The witnesses on the side of the plaintiff of the doctrine it was, as, for instance, in Croft v. Graham, invariably regarded the injuries sustained as of a very 2 D.G.J.& S, 155, argued that the repeal of the Usury serious character; whilst the witnesses for the defendant Laws having made any rate of interest legal, had made as invariably appeared to regard them as far less im- an alteration in this respect, and it does not seem clear portant, and less permanent in their effects. Accustom- that, apart from pressure or undue advantage taken (and ed as judge and jury are to these discrepancies, they when the rate exacted was very high, there usually was must sometimes be utterly bewildered as to the real extent that) this argument was not entitled to prevail: Croft v. of the injuries, the compensation for which they are Graham (ubi sup.) seems to have been a case in which called upon to assess. It must be admitted that this is the mortgagor, like other spendthrifts, had found him- a most unsatisfactory mode of settling such questions, self in urgent need of money, and had applied to a professed whilst in some cases the damages awarded appeared to be money-lender. This doubt, however, is now of little mo- excessive, in other instances they were wholly inadequate. ment. Trials of this kind rarely involve any important The doctrine in question being so laid down, the most questions of law, the railway directors usually admitting important of the contentions which purchasers or mort- their liability. The real issue to be determined is the gagees set up in order to evade its applications were amount of injury received; and a host of medical witnesses (1) that the transaction in question came within the is subpoenaed by each party to prove his case.- The principle upon which the court has upheld family ar- interests of the public and the profession are deeply in- rangements, as, for instance, in King v. Hamlet, 2 My. & volved in this matter; and we shall be glad when a K. 456, where Lord Brougham held that the protection more satisfactory mode of arbitrating these differences is given to the heir was withdrawn, if it appeared that the established. A great number of cases are annually settled transaction was known to, and not opposed by, the father without resort to the law; but the number of those which or person in loco parentis ; and, (2), that the subject- are submitted to a jury is alarmingly on the increase. matter of the transaction was not, in fact, a reversionary For this in some cases the directors are at fault; in interest at all. others the blame must be attributed to the plaintiff, But The present case was one of the second of the above is the remedy for this state of things a difficult one? classes. There the plaintiff was entitled to a life estate Certainly not. In all cases in which-a legal question is in possession, subject (inter alia) to a jointure charge, pay- involved—and, as we have said, they are very few—by able during the life ofan old lady. The jointure charge was all means let them be decided in “ the solemn form of law;” created by a deed prior to that which created the plaintéff’s but when the railway company admits its liability, let life estate, and its payment left him avery small income the questions of injury and compensation be settled by a indeed. Being in want of money, he, in consideration of medical tribunal. Two or three competent practitioners a present advance, charged his life estate with the pay- appointed by Government as arbitrators would be able ment of a much larger sum upon the old lady’s death, the satisfactorily to test the evidence of medical witnesses, defendant’s contention was that the increase in the and arrive, in almost every instance, we believe, at a fair value of the plaintiff’s estate, upon the release of the conclusion on the matter at issue. That this must be the jointure charge, did not come within the description of a ultimate result we have little doubt; and it does appear reversion. The plaintiff contended that it did, and that somewhat remarkable that the railway interest, which is the principle upon which the Court of Equity had’ re- so largely represented in both Houses of Parliment, has lieved reversioners was that of extending relief to all not introduced a measure to carry out so wholesome and persons who, through present need and pressure, had dis- s0 much needed a reform. posed at an undervalue of some advantage to accrue in the future, a description which the plaintiff urged inclu- ded the increased value of this life estate. Lord Chelms- RECENT DECISIONS. ford adopted. the defendant’s view, and such contentions EQUITY. being now rendered immaterial, it is unnecessary to dis- SALE or REVERSION, cuss the point. Webster vy. Cooke, L.0., 15 W. R. 1001, * Vide the language of Lord Westbury in Zottenham v. Em- met, 14 W. R. 6. This was a case in which, since the coming into force + Edwardsv. Burt. is probably the case alluded to by Lord of Sir R. Palmer’s Sale of Reversion Act, the suit Chelmsford, when moving the second reading of the Sales of ese are es Tae a ees aa te i would not now be maintainable. It is noted here asa Reversions Bill in the House of Lords (vide sup. p. 167.) pec, 21,1867. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. 155

As the recent Act, which comes into operation on the The preliminary question of construction, however, jst proximo, has abolished the relief extended to rever- having been decided against the plaintiff, now came the soners in cases of mere undervalue, these questions are important question on the effect of the Wills Act? yo longer of any importance ; and cases which go to show It may be taken as settled doctrine that before the that a particular interest is or is not in the nature of a Act a residuary devise was regarded as specific. Lord yversion are no longer of any value. The same is the Cottenham, in Mirehouse v. Scaife, 2 My. & Cr. 695, gives case with respect to the contention noticed in King v. a reason for the doctrine, as follows:—* When a testator Hamlet above referred to, and cases relating thereto, be- gives the residue of his personal estate, he knows that it cause as Vice-Chancellor Wood notices, recapitulating in will be uncertain till his death what will be comprised Talbot v. Staniforth, 9 W. R. 829, Lord Brougham’s in the gift, but itis certain that the gift will operate gnelusions in the earlier case, that contention, if suc- upon part only of what he may be possessed of at his cessful, succeeded merely on the principle that it es- death, all debts, funeral expenses, and charges, having to tablished a presumption that a fair value had been given. be paid out of it, and the expression necessarily imports With respect to the new Act, which thus frenders un- what will remain after the charges are defrayed. On important the question—“ What is a reversion ?” upon the other hand, a testator knows precisely upon what which Webster v. Cooke was an authority, we have al- real estate such a gift will operate, unless there be ready (supra, p. 140), remarked upon the value of its charges affecting the land beyond what the personal spplication in point of time. With respect to subject estate can satisfy.” * The Wills Act having, by making matter, its application is very wide, extending to “ every the will speak, not from its own date but from the date kind of contract, conveyance, or assignment, under or by of the testator’s death, included in the residuary devise which any beneficial interest in any kind of property estates subsequently acquired, and also estates the sub- may be acquired.” ject of lapsed devises—does that affect the rule here laid down! Vice-Chancellor Kindersley, in Dady v. Hart- Errect oF WILLS Act (1 Vict. c. 36) ON A RESIDUARY ridge, 6 W. R. 834; Rotherham vy. Rotherham, 7 W. RB. DEVISE OF REALTY. 368, and Rodhouse v. Mold, 13 W. R. 854, held that since Hensman v. Fryer, 16 W. R. 162. that Act, a residuary devise was no longer specific ; and In this case Lord Chelmsford overrules the decision of this ruling was followed by the Master of the Rolls in Vice-Chancellor Kindersley on the above very important Bethell v. Greene, 34 Beav. 302; Vice-Chancellor Wood question. also, in an obiter dictum in Cogswell v. Armstrong, 2 K. The testator in this case had created a mixed fund, & C. 227, adopted the same view; and Vice-Chancellor out of which he directed his debts, funeral expenses, &c., Malins, shortly after his appointment, expressed himself and a £50 legacy to be paid, and bequeathed the surplus of the same opinion. Vice-Chancellor Stuart, however, to his grandson. The residue of this real estate he in Eddells v. Johnson, 6 W. R. 401; Pearmain v. Twiss, devised to his grandson, “charged as thereinafter men- 8 W. R. 329; and Clark vy. Clark,13 W. R. 735, took tioned,” and then followed the charge of an annuity on the opposite view, and stood alone in so doing. Vice- the residuary realty. Then again followed a legacy of Chancellor Kindersley’s ratio decidendi was, that the £2,000'to his granddaughter, and the £50 legacy above subject matter of the residuary devise was now rendered mentioned. uncertain. Lord Chelmsford professed himself unable to The mixed fund being insufficient to pay the debts, see any force in this; and reasoned thus :—The Wills the question arose between the granddaughter, the legatee Act makes the will speak at the death ; the subject of of £2,000, and the grandson, the residuary devisee, the residuary devise is ascertained then, and how can any whether the legacy must fail, or whether by the con- previous uncertainty in the testator’s mind make any struction of the will, or by operation of law, it could be difference ? Qucre, however, whether this would not also made a charge on the residuary realty. The main ques- apply to the personality, except in so far as any weight tion for which the case is notable is, of course, that on may be assigned to the consideration that the funeral the effect of the Wills Act, but the preliminary question and testamentary expenses make the residue of that un- on the construction of the will ought to be noticed, and certain. as its decision in favour of the plaintiff would have It has also been argued that a residuary devise is essen- rendered any decision on the ulterior and more important tially specific, because, as distinguished from a residuary point unnecessary, we will notice it in this place. bequest, the real estate vests in the devisee by the devise, The plaintiff contended that, under the will, the legacy while the personalty does not rest directly in the legatee, was, in point of construction, charged upon the residuary but rests first in the executor, for the purposes of admin- realestate ; and her argument before the Lord Chancellor istration, coming to the legatee subsequently only and was, that the testator, having bequeathed a legacy, and subject to the administration account. There is, how- having, by disposing of the surplus of the mixed fund, ever, nothing in this consideration, for it would apply disposed of the only fund out of which it was payable, equally to the case of a specifie bequest. must be supposed to have charged the legacy on the The whole question is perhaps one upon which for every teiduary realty, rather than to have wilfully made a argument one way an equally cogent one can be adduced to bequest which must, on the face of the will, be neces- meet it. The truth probably is that the old rule before sarily nugatory. Lord Chelmsford seems oddly enough to the Act was one which, were it to make now, would have misunderstood this argument, and confounded it never be made, and is most likely attributable to the with one advanced in some of the older cases, that the favour which the courts were of old accustomed to ex- testator’s personalty being insufficient, he must be taken tend to real property, as distinguished from personalty; to have known that that was so, and, therefore, to have the reasoning founded in certainty and uncertainty being intended the legacy to be a charge on the realty ; whereas rather an afterthought. Be this as it may, Lord Chelms- the plaintiff’s contention was, as we have seen, a much ford has settled the point as far as the inferior courts are higher one. It is, of course, unsatisfactory that this concerned. argument of the plaintiff’s should have been thus passed Lord Chelmsford, however, deoided, on another ground, over; it is at least questionable, however, whether it that the legatee of the £2,000 was not to be wholly dis- might not have been anticipated by another argument, appointed of her legacy, but that the residuary devisee, 4s follows :—that the exclusive mention of the £50 legacy whom he held to be a specific devisee, must, with her, does not prevent the £2,000 one from being a charge on contribute pre rata to the payment of the debts; and the mixed fund (if bequeathed by a codicil it would have been 80), and that, therefore, the mixed fund being in- * As between a residuary devisee and a specific devisee pro- per there seems, however, to have been a distinction in favour sufficient to pay the debts, the £2,000 legacy failed of the latter upon questions of —— Vide Handy v. absolutely, and so the argument founded on the disposal Roberts, Amb. 127; Spong v. Spong, 3 Bligh. N.S, 34, and Conren of the surplus of the mixed fund would not arise. v. Conrom,7 H, L. 168, 156 THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. Dec. 21, 196%, this he did on the strength of the following passage in the officers and servants, and at the expense of th Vice-Chancellor Knight-Bruce’s judgment in Zombs v. Sovereign, is entitled to retain this privilege” (i,¢, of Roch, 2 Coll. 490, “ that every will ought to be read as being free from execution), “ which attaches to the palacg in effect embodying a declaration by the testator that the itself as long as it is the property and in the actual a || UB's. payment of his debts shall be, as far as possible, so constructive occupation of the Sovereign.” Kelly, ¢, B, arranged as not to disappoint any of the gifts made by therefore considered that the privilege was local, ang & it.” But the case contemplated by Vice-Chancellor attached to the palace; while Martin and Bramy Knight-Bruce in the passage cited from his judgment B.B., held that the privilege was personal, and that it was that of a specific, and not a general pecuniary legatee. only attached to places while they were in fact used ag As the case was in Hensman v. Fryer, this distinction royal residences in the ordinary sense of the word. This seems to have been overlooked by Lord Chelmsford. It latter opinion of course prevailed, and ‘it certainly seems is important to note this, as the decision in Hensman v. more in accordance with modern views on such: matters Fryer, in point of fact, allows a general pecuniary lega- than that expressed by Kelly, C. B. We entirely agree with tee to claim contribution pro rata from a specific devisee; the words of Bramwell, B., “ It is not necessary to protest in this respect Lord Chelmsford’s decision is at variance one’s desire to protect the royal prerogative, but it seems to with the existing usage, and is not, we think, to be ac- me, with great respect, that that prerogative is safer and cepted as an authority. more revered when it is not pushed to an unreasonable ex. The principal question in this case being one of such tent, as I confess I think it would be if it was held togive great importance, its decision by the House of Lords, some privilege to the bricks and stones of Hampton Court upon an appeal to that tribunal, would certainly be a Palace to ‘protect a debtor from the lawful process of very desirable thing. Considering, however, that if the his creditor.” plaintiff gets much under the pro rata contribution prin- ciple imported from Zombs v. Roch (ubi sup.) ; she would PROBATE. hardly run any further not by re-opening the matter; TESTAMENTARY CAPACITY, and considering, moreover, that the question on the effect Smith and Others v. Tebbitt and Others, 16 W. R. 18, of the Wills Act is a very doubtful one, and that, as far The point in issue in this case was the validity of g as the plaintiff is concerned, she might very possibly, if will made by a testatrix who, it was alleged, was at the that point were decided against her, lose all that she has time of unsound mind. Of all the questions which come now gained, it will not be surprising if the decision in before legal tribunals there are none which are so diffi. Hensman v. Fryer on the principal point remains a cult as those which involve a decision upon the sanity governing authority until some other case is carried up to or insanity of a particular individual. There are no doubt the House of Lords. states of mind which would be admitted by all to be in We ought, perhaps, to notice that in the Weekly Notes compatible with sound reason, but it is impossible to draw of the Law Reports (number for Dec. 7,) the Lord Chan- any sharp line between what constitutes sanity and in. cellor is erroneously represented as saying that “it could sanity. In this case of Smith v. Tebbitt an immense not have been the intention of the Legislature, by merely amount of evidence was given as to the state of the mind enacting that the will should speak as from the death of the testatrix, and a very elaborate and carefully pre- to make so great a change in the charge of debts and to pared judgment was delivered by the Judge Ordinary. make every devise of land specific ;” the fact of course Not only are the facts in this case examined and com- being that before the Act every devise was specific, and mented upon, but the whole subject of testamentary ca that the Lord Chancellor has decided that the Act has pacity is fully discussed. The judgment is of great length, made no change in that respect. and it would be impossible to give any analysis of it without far exceeding the limits to which our comments COMMON LAW. ; upon recent decisions are necessarily restricted. Smithy. RoyAL PREROGATIVE—ROYAL RESIDENCE—EXECUTION. Tebbitt will in the future be a leading case upon this Attorney-General vy. Dakin, Ex., 16 W.R. 12. subject, and we recommend those of our readers who are The question in this case was whether an execution interested in such matters, to read the case for them- upon a judgment could be levied upon goods in selves, Hampton Court Palace. The Court decided that snch an execution might be levied. It is well established law REVIEW. that the dwelling of the Sovereign is privileged. Her person and property are privileged, and persons in her The Companies. Act, 1867. By E. Latnom Browns, Esq. house have the same immunity. No execution can there- of the Middle Temple, Barrister-at-Law. London : Stevens fore be levied within the precincts of a royal residence. & Haynes. There was no dispute as to the general rule of law by Mr. Lathom Browne has brought out, in the form of a sup which the Sovereign’s dwelling is privileged from execu- plement to his former work on the Companies Act, 1862, tion, but it was contended that Hampton Court Palace, a little book on the Amending Act of 1867. The large work although once a royal residence, and as such privileged, was not one which appeared to our mind worthy of very much did not now possess any privilege of the kind in conse- commendation, but, profiting perhaps by his previous experi- ence in the art of text-book writing, or having an easier sub- quence of its no longer being used asa royal residence. The ject to deal with, Mr. Browne has been more successful in court differed in opinion on the point, Martin this his second attempt. He repeats the Act, adding notes and Bramwell, BB., holding that it was a question and some forms, which will be found useful. He also gives 4 of fact whether any particular building was or was well arranged digest of the joint-stock company decisions of the not a royal residence, and that this question was to be year 1867, which we need hardly say is a useful thing ready to dealt with on no technical grounds. No one would say hand. There is one important case, by the way, whieh we in popular language that the Queen resides at Hampton do not find noticed either in principal volume or the supple <_— BSeeSOoeoD ms Court, and therefore Hampton Court is not her residence. ment which we are now noticing, we mean the case of The In this view of the case it is clear that there could be Cardiff Preserved Coal Company vy. Norton, 15 W. R. 521, a. byt the one conclusion, that the Palace was not entitled which suggested, rather perhaps than raised, a very important to the privilege contended for. Kelly, 0.B., however, question as to the power of a limited company to distribute its assets among itsown shareholders to the exclusions of credi- differed from the rest of the Court, and delivered a judg- tors. ‘The work is prefaced by some sensible observations, ment, in which he expressed his opinion that, according to one of which is added, in a note, an extract from the au- to former authorities, “ Every royal palace in which the thors evidence before Mr. Watkin’s Committee, on the subject sovereigns of this kingdom had once resided, and may of “ wrecking petitions,’ embodying a suggestion which is come to reside again, and which is actually occupied and very well worthy of attention, viz., that a creditor before pre kept up and maintained in a fit and proper condition by senting and advertising a winding-up petition should be 1 Dec. 21, 1867. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. 157 quired to satisfy a judge in chambers that he has a primd control. The petition must stand over until Friday next, ie CARE. when the company’s law officer might think it worth while We are pleased to notice that Mr. Lathom Browne pays a to appear, handsome compliment to the Weekly Reporter for the On December 19th, Maidlaw asked leave to withdraw the “yapidity with which decisions are given,” and ‘‘ its excellent petition, the money having been paid. . ” QUEEN’S BENCH. COURTS. (Sittings at Nisi Prius before the Lorp CaigF Justice and a Special Jury.) VICE-CHANCELLOR WOOD. Dec. 13.—Pyke v. Brown.—This was an action brought Dec. 19.—Motion under section 118 of the Companies’ Act by the plaintiff, Mr. H. H. Pyke, asolicitor, to recover cer- 1867.—Re the Imperial Mercantile Credit Company; Exparte tain charges. a Contributory.—Lindley for the officia] liquidators of this Gibbons, and Macrae Motr, appeared for the plaintiff ; company moved exparte under the 118th section of the and Morgan Lloyd and Beasley for the defendant. Companies’ Act, for an order to arrest a contributory, who The plaintiff and his wife gave evidence to the effect that it was alleged was about to abscond, and who had adver- the defendant had retained the plaintiff to protect his in- tised a sale of his goods forthe 20th, to have his books, terests and secure his property under very peculiar cir- papers, moneys, goods, &c., seized, and him and them safely cumstances. The defendant, it was said, imagined that kept until such time as the court might order. And to he was subjected to a system of persecution by the cor- restrain the sale. poration of Great Yarmouth. He then went to Rye, and The Vice-Chancellor made the order restraining the was there mistaken for a runaway by the police. After- sale; but said he could not take so strong a measure as to wards he came to London, and had an interview with, order @ man’s person and property to be seized, except and took apartments of, the plaintiff, who proceeded upon the oath of somebody stating that he believed, and with his wife to travel and incur other expenses on be- giving reasons for so believing, that the person charged half of the defendant to the amount of about £320. was about to abscond, which had not been furnished in this The particulars furnished extended to an enormous instance, length, and contained such items as the following :— ‘* Watching the progress of your delusions and general — Re Sharp, Stewart, & Co. (Limited and Reduced.)— conduct, and repeatedly checking by my presence and Reduction of Capital Companies’ Act, 1867.—In this peti- management those terrific outbursts of ungovernable fury tion a sum of £10,000 had originally been deposited in court on some of those occasions, . . . . Self and wife, to answer the claims of creditors, and in November last an attending you at Great Yarmouth, on my personally order had been made referring it te chambers to settle the conferring with you generally on the state of your affairs, list of creditors, consequent on the death of your father and mother, and Dryden now mentioned the matter, and stated that the winding them up, and advising on your long-cherished Chief Clerk had made his certificate, from which it appeared intention of quitting for abroad, and advising with you that the outstanding claims were £813 5s. 7d., and it was generally thereon. and strongly dissuading you from such en to take an order for payment of this sum into court, step, seeing how you had for twenty years or so secluded lor confirmation of the special resolutions ‘for the reduction of the company’s capital, which were passed last autumn, for ; with yousnell it, but fren: found the, you sonal: under oS mental ume Setely delusions Sean so strong eS production of the order to the Registrar of Joint-Stock Com- and powerful, I appeared this time unable to effect ies, , in order that the register might . be amended by fi , &e, inserting the amounts of the reduced capital and shares, and ! meh You this Alt month Aa suddenly quitted a eS Great Yarmouth, and for the issue of advertisements in the Gazette, the J’imes, and | 4 privately acted upon my advice not to quit England; but one of the Manchester papers. He also asked the Court to | nevertheless you spread publicly the report that you had fix a date from which the words ‘‘and Reduced” in the quitted for Ameriea, and subsequently even telegraphed title of the company might be discontinued. He observed your death. And then came the Rye trouble and my ser- that the name had been used ever since the 23rd November, vices, and subsequently elsewhere (hereafter set forth).” and had tended to produce an unfavourable impression in the | Other items were summed up as ‘‘Frauds on the re- trade, especially abroad. ‘ venue, as acting executors under his (the defendant's) The Vice-Chancellor said the intention of the legislature | father’s will.” ‘*Perjury—swearing his father’s estate appeared to be that the fact of the reduction of a com- under £20 only, when the estate was worth thousands,” pany’s capital should be widely circulated, in order to pre- ‘‘Frauds on his co-residuary legatee, cheating him out vent creditors from being deceived. If the altered name led to inquiries, they could be answered ; probably the of £40 under a £120 sale.’ ‘‘Forgery in an apprentice- title would soon become familiar enough, and he thought ship deed.” ‘‘ Defendant’s two wemen.” he could not allow the removal of the words ‘and Re- The plaintiff elected to be nonsuited. a three months from the date of the present order COURT OF COMMON PLEAS. (Before MontacuE StH, J.) VICE-CHANCELLOR MALINS. Dec.17.— Bradlaugh v. De Rin.—The plaintiff in this case Dec. 13.—Smith v the Great Eastern Railway Com- was Mr. Bradlaugh, an attorney. pany.—This was a petition praying that the company might | Keane, Q.C., said it was his duty to object to Mr. Brad- be ordered to perform a contract with the petitioner to pay | laugh’s being sworn as a witness, on account of his hold- him £150 for a house, &c., taken by them of him, In ing atheistical opinions. He then proposed to examine him March, 1865, the company, under their compulsory powers, upon the voir dire. took possession of the premises, and on being applied to for M. Smiru, J., suggested that the objection should be the value (£150), stated that they had no means of paying waived: ultimately him, Upon this the petitioner sued them in the Shoreditch Keane, Q.C., consented to admit the facts which Mr. sounty court, and got a decree, with £28 19s. 4d. costs, and the company accepted the title, The mortgage creditors Bradlaugh was to prove. of the company objected to the receiver paying the peti- tioner anything. ~ CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT. Rarslake, Q.C., and Maidlaw for the petitioner; Cole, (Before Mr. Commissioner KERR.) QC.,and Martineau for the ‘mortgage creditors; Streeten Dec. 17.—One of the cases was that of an indictment for for the company. obtaining eggs on false pretences. The Vicr-CHANCELLOR expressed his astonishment at Ribton appeared for the prosecution. this opposition ef the mortgagees, who duly received their Sleigh and Straight for the defence. interest, but were unwilling that the plaintiff, whose shop The Jury acquitted the prisoner. had been taken and his business destroyed, should receive Ribton was proceeding to open a second charge, when cither principal or interest, He commented severely on the Sleigh asked for a postponement of the trial, on the ground conduct of the company and the absence of their officers that witnesses who were material on the part of the prisoner from court, The managers were cflicers of the company were not present. and of the Court, and they were at least under the Court's Ribton asked for an affidavit to be made before his Lords 158 THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. Dec. 21, 1867, ship consented to postpone the case, stating why the wit- The CoMMIssIONER.—Or thought you did. I suppose yoy nesses were not there, if there was any chance of their com- regret those observations should have been made. ing, or if they did come what they were to prove. Ridvton.—I am told that I made use of expressious that] he CoMMISSIONER then perused the brief for the defence ought not to have used. observing that the name of the — was given, that he Tue ComMIssIoNER.—You will do me the justice to regol. was absent, but that he had instructed Mr. Sleigh to call lect that you, Mr. Ribton, made use of an expression that you certain witnesses who were to prove that the prisoner was ought not to have used, and to which my attention was called a farmer at Barking. (It was alleged that the prisoner by an Alderman sitting by my side. If your calm attention had, contrary to the truth, represented himself to be a had been given to it, you would at once have seen that it was Ea allo Set Sa farmer at Barking.) If the solicitor was there he might an observation which you ought not to have made, and answer the question, would have explained that you did not intend to make it, but, LENE rteNe : eae > Ribton.—It is a most extraordinary proceeding, to say probably, I did not give you time to do so, and you repeated the least of it. that you adhered to what you had said. You know my daty The Commissioner.— Let the prisoner stand down; it is was a very simple one, and that I could do nothing but enforce not unreasonable that a delay should take place in this that deference to the Court which ought always to be shown, case, ; and to which a Court is always entitled. What I felt sincg Ribton.—Will you be good enough to say for how long? I feel now, that you could have no possible intention in the TT Te There are two inspectors present, besides other witnesses least to offer any observations to the Court that would be for the prosecution, and it will be exceedingly inconvenient offensive. Iam sure that during the time I have known you for them to be detained here, To what day will the trial as practising at this court, during eight or nine years, I have be postponed ? never had the slightest reason to complain of anything you Re CoMMISSIONER.—I cannot tell; Thursday, most have said before. I feel now that if you were betrayed bya ely. little momentary heat into using expresions which were im- Ribton.—I repeat that it is a most extraordinary proceed- proper, you very much regret it. The words were accidentally ing. Something must be done to remedy this state of things. used, and there was no intention to offend. It was with v. Js the case to go over to-morrow ? We have witnesses from great pain to me thatI felt compelled to take the step Taig, Lereham, in Norfolk, who will have to be detained if it does, but now that you have withdrawn the expressions that were The CommissionER.—lI will fix it for Thursday. used I shall have pleasure in preventing Mr. Avory, the Clerk Ribton.—This case mast be represented to the Home-office. of Arraigns, from enforcing the fine, and shall order it tobe SZEFERESHEEBEE. It is the most extraordinary proceeding I ever heard of in a remitted as a matter of course. court of justice. Ribton.—I certainly say this much, but not by way of The Commiss1oNeR.—I have no interest in it but that of justification, that I was considerably provoked, ge2 the public. The CommissIonEk.—You had no reason to be so, You Ribton.—All that I require is an affidavit. mean you thought you were, The CoMMISsIoNER.—But who is to make it. Ribton.—It is very likely I misinterpreted what you said, Ribton.—I cannot say; somebody must. though it was a very plain observation. The Commissioner.—You want an affidavit to be made, The ComMissIoNER.—I do not doubt for a moment that and cannot tell who is to make it. That is another Hiber- you entirely misunderstood something thatI said. I am nianism. not in the habit of saying anything offensive to you or to Ribton,—That is a most improper expression, and one anybody. which ought not to be made by you as the judge sitting in Ribton.—You really did make use of an expression of an this court. I beg you will not address me in this way. offensive character, or at least that was offensive to me, The Commissionér.— And I beg you will not address me The CommissionER.—If I did I had no intention to make in the way you are doing. I shall use whatever expressions it. You asked for somebody to make an affidavit when I like. there was nobody to doso, I would rather not refer to it ESSRSE ‘bEEseses Ribton,—Then, if you repeat that, I will resent it. again. The ComMiss1ioNER.—The best thing for me is to say Sibton.—I ain in an inferior position to your Lordship, nothing. but I- understand you now to say that you did not intend to Ribton,—This is the first time during a practice of 17 say anything to offend me. years that I have heard a case decided in this manner. The CoMMISsIONER.—Certainly not, You are reading froin the depositions, instead of requiring Ribton.—I certainly was under the impression that you an affidavit to be made. did. The CoMMIssIONER.—How can I tell who is to make The ComMMissionER.—I had thought you knew me better, one ? Ribton.—I have only this to say, now that it is all over, Ribton,—The attorney himself might make it. Here is that I always entertain the very highest respect for your the clerk to the attorney, who, it is said, is not in London. Lordship, [ say, not only to day, but Ihave said it on many The CommissioneR.—Don't interrupt the Court, Sir. occasions that I admire your great independence, Ribton.—If you say this, I shall go a little further. I re- The subject then dropped, and Ribton was relieved of the peat that such an exhibition as this has never been seen in a fine, court of justice before, ‘Lhe case was resumed on Thursday before the Recorder, oe 2fSS:cae ew The ComMiss1oNER.—Do you repeat that ? when the prisoner was convicted. Ribton —I do, Ido. I adhere to what I have said. The Commissiongr.—Then it is my painful duty to con- (Before Lusn, J.) vict you of contempt of court, and to fine you £50, Dec. 19.—John Verinder, a tradesman in Whitechapel, was Ribton.—Very well, All I can say is, that throughout the indicted for unlawfully and maliciously writing and publishing whole of this case there has been such an exhibition as I have a false, scandalous, and defamatory libel of and concerning never seen before. the Common Serjeant of the City of London (Mr, Chambers, The Commissioner.—I hope you will not go further, other- Q.C.) wise I shall be obliged to— Poland and Besley appeared for the prosecution ; the pri- Ribton.—Of course I will. Why should I not? soner defended himself, Ribton and Sleigh left the court, and subsequently re- After the counsel for prosecution had opened their case, turned, when Sleigh moved upon affidavit that the case Lush, J., directed a jury to be empanelled to try whether LS CiSCC eS should stand over till Thursday. or no the prisoner was of unsound mind, and on the jury find- Ribton,—I will not throw any obstacle in the way. I am ing in the affirmative, ordered him to be detained during her now coming toexplain why I oj the application at first, Majesty’s pleasure. and I will take the liberty, my lord, of saying that I may pro- bably, in the heat of the discussion, some observation’ have NORTHERN CIRCUIT, fallen from me which was a little too strong. I may have used a stronger expression than I probably otherwise should LIVERPOOL, have done, and as faras J am lly concerned I very (Before Martin, ;B.) much regret it. It has been intimated to me by some of my Dec. 14,—Isaac Woods Millet pleaded “ guilty” to having friends that I used expressions which were too strong, I had in November last, in Liverpool, published by means of cer- not wished to do so, at the same time I cannot help saying tain placards, a false and defamatory libel upon Mr. that I received some provocation, Timpron Martin, solicitor, of Liverpool. Dec. 21,1867. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. 159 Charles Russell, for the prosecution, said he was in- | producing the written consent of their masters ; but no such stracted by Mr. Martin to say that that gentleman did not | privilege is granted by country magistrates. H. desire to press for punishment. Martin, B., said the prosecutor had acted kindly, and Sir,—It would perhaps be a waste of your space to conttnue he must say that, having read the depositions, the libel ap- a correspondence merely for the purpose of maintaining the to him to be without the shadow of foundation. As aptness of a particular case, as an illustration of the evil effects the prosecutor did not press for punishment, the prisoner of the recent sub-division of our Equity Court of Appeal, agreed would be discharged on his own recognizances to come up for so entirely as we are on the retrograde character of that measure. judgment when called on. I cannot, however, by way of comment upon your notice of my former letter, forbear from calling your attention to the fact that none of the arguments urged in your notice, are given in the report of the appeal (16 W. R. 170) as the reasoning upon GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE. which Lord Cairns gave his judgment, which from its lan- guage would rest wholly on the analogy of the solicitor’s rights Sir,—The decision in Hensmanv. Fryer will certainly pro- at Common Law; the very analogy which Vice-Chancellor yoke decisions on the proper constitution of the Court of Ap- Stuart refused to follow up, contrary to a well established rule peal in Chancery, not favourable to the continuance of the of equity. Lord Cairns does indeed state a fact, which your present system, but without entering on such a large field, I ven- notice has elaborated into an argument, viz., that the sum of ture to ask you to inserta few lines of criticism on the argu- money claimed to be set-off had not become the subject of ments by which the Lord Chancellor supports his decision. any other action; but the answer to the argument you have First, “ he cannot understand why the Act should be supposed founded upon this, is readily given in the fact that when claims to have impressed every residuary devise with a new charac- for calls are admitted in a winding-up case under the super- ter.” But this is just what the Act did, by removing the im- vision of the Court, no action necessarily need or indeed could iment presented by feudal rules about by seizin to constru- be brought. In this particular case a bill of exchange had aresiduary devise of land in the same sense as a residuary been given and dishonoured. It was not, however, my inten- bequest of personalty. Suppose these rules had not existed, tion to have expressed any opinion as to the correctness of can it be doubted for a moment that as in the marshalling of either the decision of one judge or the other, and therefore I ab- personal assets specific were preferred to residuary legatees stain from any observation on the refinements between an soin the case of real assets there would have been the like equitable and legal interest in a sum of money, which your order of preference between specific and residuary devisees ? notice seem to stiggest. I venture to think, that on a perusal As to the observation that the testator might not acquire any of the two judgments, leaving out all surmises as to what may rea! estate in the interval between his will and his death, have existed in the bosom of either judge, that there will be this clearly cannot affect the question any more than the fonnd the laying down of a general principle of equity in the ible case of a testator not acquiring any personal estate one case, and a total ignoring of it in the other. Lex. the same period. In interpreting the statute as he has done the Lord Chancellor declines to hold the Legislature bound, as the latter holds every subject to be bound, by the APPOINTMENT. natural consequence of its own acts. He continues ‘‘ Can it be said that attestator knows less Mr. Joseph Harris, of Bishopsgate Churchyard, has precisely upon’ what real estate his devise will operate, been appointed by the Lord Chancellor a Commissioner to because the Act makes the will speak and take effect from administer oaths in the High Court of Chancery. immediately before his death instead of from the date of hiswillP . . It is said that a residuary devise, since the Wills Act, must be general, because at the time it is inserted in the will the tetator is ignorant to what property IRELAND. it may eventually extend. But as at the time when by the Act the testator is supposed to be speaking, it must be COURT OF BANKRUPTCY. certain what real estate will be included in the devise, I (Before Judge MILLER.) do not see how any previous uncertainty in the mind of Dec 14.—Judge Miller observed that in petitions for ar- the testator between the date of the will and the time rangement it would be desirable the parties should state the when it is to take effect,can make any difference.” Stopping name of the trader’s banker, and the state of his accounts at here, it is clear that the whole distinction between a specific the time. This could be done in a few lines, and would be and residuary testamentary disposition, whatever be the useful in the proceedings. subject, is swept away. If you are to suppose the testator as speaking at the date of his death all his devises and Mr. Charles Shaw, Q.C., has been appointed alaw adviser bequests must be equally specific. A more suicidal argu- in the room of Mr. Robert Longfield, Q.C., who has accepted ment than this could hardly beused, I have vainly endea- the Chairmanship of the County Galway. voured to apprehend the meaning of the next sentence: “In either case it is the essentially precise and definite nature of the subject of the devise which gives it its specific SOCIETIES AND INSTITUTIONS. character, and not the scope and extent of its operation.” It has occurred to me that it was intended to express METROPOLITAN AND wa LAW ASSOCIA. some such sequence of ideas as this :—A bequest of the ION. debentures of which I shall dio possessed is a specific THE PrINcIPLEes AND Poticy or A LAw OF Patents. * bequest, a devise of the real estate of whichI shall die The object of this paper is to raise a discussion of the ques- seized is a specific devise, a devise of my residuary real tion whether patents are desirable or useful to the community. estate is a specific devise, Now it seems to me that the The subject is a most important one, but requires for its step from the second case to the third cannot be taken, proper consideration research and thought as to the The question is not what is the subject-matter of the gift, and foresight as to the effect of the continuance or abolition but how has the testator given it, in a form which shows of a patent law. This paper was written hastily, and can hisintention that it should be specific or not? I may add therefore, only profess to be an indication of opinion, which, in justification of my criticism, which I must not prolong at a future time, may receive more thought and greater de- further, that every. text-writer of eminence has agreed on velopment. The argument intended to be unged is. that the effect of the clause of the Wills Act in question in a patenis are mischievous to the State, that they raise the sense contrary to that enunciated by Lord Chelmsford. price of commodities, that they are hurtful to trade, and A Sprciric Drvisgxr. are generally inconvenient, that they do not really stimu- late inventions, and that invention needs no stimulus. In Apvocacy BY ARTICLED CLERKS. the main the question is whether patents for inventions are, Sir—There was some talk a little time back about allowing on the whole, beneficial to the community, and, in this view, articled clerks, who have passed the intermediate examination, ‘*hard cases” of inventors must be wholly disregarded, in to appear in the inferior courts. truth, an equal number (at least) of hard cases might be nany of your Correspondents inform me if auy steps * A papor read at the Metropolitan and Provincial Law Associations’ have been taken for that purposo ? I understand that articled — meeting, at Manchester, on the Sth ult., by J. Anderson Rose, of erks are permitted to appear in the London Police-courts, on ondon. 160 THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. Dec. 21, 186%,

hunted up under patent laws. The only hard cases which to be'abrogated. The 15 & 16 Vict. c. 83, amended the law for will be considered here are such as apply to the community granting patents for inventions. This Act appointed com. og Saag see by monopoly, although it is believed that real, true, genuine missioners of patents. It also enacted that the petition fo inventors would be benefitted by the the abolition of patents. a patent should be accompanied by a declaration that the They would much more often than now be primarily inter- proposed patentee was the true and first inventor, and that ested in their own inventions, to work them as partners with the same was not in use by any other person, and also with men of business. They would save the time and money a provisional specification containing the title and descrip. now lost in perfecting se rights, and the still greater tion of the said invention. The inventor may, if he li Se eee aS loss of time and costs of litigation in afterwards defending (section 9) file a complete specification, but he is not wise them. It is aclass of capitalists, dealers in patents, who if he does so. The grant of letters may be opposed, and the buy up inventions and patent rights, speculators and pro- parties may be heard by the law officer (sections 12 and jectors in fact, who are noisy and demonstrative about the 13 advantages of patent laws. A very large majority of so- The 8th section assumes an inquiry by the law officer called patentees are assignees only of other men’s inven- with the aid of scientific or other persons, and, if he is satis. tions. It may be that we are indebted in the past for the fied that the provisional specification describes the nature of commencement of many manufactures, to the privileges the invention, he gives a certificate of allowance which is offered to foreigners bringing their arts to this country, for, filed. Practically no inquiry is made, and a considerable in olden time, few manufactures originated in England; and, amount of discussion has taken place as to whether there so far as in times gone by, privileges have brought foreign in- ought not to be a preliminary inquiry into the novelty and ventions here, good many have resulted to the State, but it use of an invention before a patent is granted ; and, further, may be that even this view of the benefits derived from some contend that if once granted a patent should be indis. patent laws is doubtful or exaggerated. Foreigners were putable. There is such a preliminary investigation in driven out from their native lands by religious persecution America which works most unsatisfactorily, and it is highly and political oppression, and they came here for freedom, probable that were there such an inquiry here the result bringing with them their manufacturing knowledge, their would be the same. Many useful and new inventions would inventions, and their industry; and we probably owe far be rejected and many worthless ones allowed. There is more to the wise action of our rulers in those days, in en nothing like plenty of ill-will, or greed, or money, such as couraging and welcoming the emigration of foreigners here is brought to bear on the trial between litigants of a patent to the enjoyment of liberty and free thought, than we do to right, for ascertaining both novelty or usefulness, or the ab. patent law privileges. sence of both. As this preliminary investigation into patents There was another custom in days of old, that of granting is a very favourite panacea for obviating some of the evils of exclusive rights to make, import, and sell various articles of patents, and seems plausible till examined, it may be use- commerce. During the most glorious reign, mentally and ful to give the evidence on this ore of Mr. Woodcroft of nationally, in English history, that of the immortal Eliza- the Patent Office, a witness, perhaps, better able from in- beth, this practice of granting monopolies was carried to telligence and practical knowledge to give an opinion on the such an extent that public prosperity was fast sinking subject than any man living. He says, in his evidence under its baneful influence. Elizabeth granted many patents given before the Patent Law Commissioners, ‘‘ It would be of monopolies for the purpose of raising money. Salt, iroa, a very difficult machine to work. The Americans havea oil, coal, wine, and Negroes, were amongst the articles of com- regular tribunal of ‘inquiry into every invention before a merce of which menopolies were granted. The great sailors of atent is granted. They pay about £23,000 a-year for pre- Elizabeth were famous for their daring seamanship, and also iminary examination, and they are very much dissatisfied for their interest in monopolies ; Raleigh, Drake, Hawkins, with it. The system of preliminary examination is in ope- had all monopolies of some sort or other granted to them. ration in Prussia, but does not give satisfaction. It was Elizabeth herself was a partner in several monopolies, and tried in France, Austria, Sardinia, and Belgium, but, being in the one with Hawkins for the exportation of Negro slaves most unsatisfactory, was abandoned in each country. It is from Africa. It is true they were slaves at home, and mostly now going on in America at an enormous expense. The prisoners of war who, as such, would have been murdered, commissioner of patents in America wrote to me to say that or, as in Africa now, and from time immemorial, there was it was a very cumbrous, unsatisfactory, and unfair mode, no security for property, and, consequently, no industry ; Anything in the nature of a preliminary inquiry into patents, the population were subjected to cycles of famine, constantly beyond what is at present instituted would be inexpedient. recurring, from which, with their own consent, and often A very expensive, cumbrous, and unsatisfactory machine.” importunity, the slave-dealer relieved them, carrying them Mr. Carpmael, also another scientific and most competent to the New World, where, at the worst, they were better off witness on this head, says :--‘*I cannot imagine anything than in their native Africa. In the New World the Negro more pernicious to the progress of invention than a prelimi- blessed humanity by the exercise of labour in climates where nary investigation into the merits of an invention, its white labour was and is impossible, and produced for the novelty, &c. I have not ingenuity enough to imagine how comfort and support of mankind sugar, coffee, rice, cotton, it could possibly be carried out, either for the benefit of spices, &c. The Negro monopoly is estimated to have pro- the public or for the benefit of inventors, all disadvantage duced to this country £500.000,000 sterling, and the benefits and no possible benefit.” 5 of Negro labour had, by the revolutionary war with America, The provisional protection of a patent lasts for six months mainly passed to the United States before we discovered its from the date of the application, within which time the com- frightful criminality. plete specification must be filed. The fees to this stage are We are an original people, we took away the profit of £25. Before the end of three years a further sum of £50 monopolies from the €rown and gave it to the Attorney- must be paid, and, before the end of seven years, the further General, who, under the patent law, derives a very large sum of £100, making the total cost of fees to the State of annual income by the exercise of no skill, no thought, no £175. This, of course, is besides the expenses of patent labour, but who is thereby bound by golden fetters to uphold agents, &c. Two-thirds of the patents granted become void the law of patents. He is the public law officer with whom at the expiration of the third year, and less than one-tenth originates amendments of the law, and to whose advocacy in are continued beyond the seventh year. the House of Commons all governmental changes in the law There are other statutes—The 5 & 6 Will. 4, c. 62, en- are intrusted. As to patents, his mouth is closed with abling inventors to declare if they do not like swearing. The bank notes. 5 & 6 Will. 4, c. 83, to enable inventors to disclaim a part of It may be useful shortly to state the law of patents at the their specifications. The 2 & 3 Vict. c. 67, and 7 & 8 Vict.c. 69, present time. By the statute of 21 Jas.1, c. 1, s. 1, all mono- for extending the term of patent right. The 5 & 6 Vict. ¢. polies were declared void, except letters patent for “ the sole 97, for repealing provisions relating to double and treble working or making of any manner of new manufactures within costs, and providing that the usual costs only should be the realm to the first and true inventor,” for the term of one recovered. The 22 Vict. c. 13, providing that patents for and twenty years or under, so ‘‘ they be not contrary to the inventions in instruments and munitions of war may be as- law nor mischievous to the State by raising prices of com- signed to the Secretary of State for War and kept secret. modities at home, or hurt of trade, or generally inconvenient The first inventor includes the introducer of any new (section 6). manufacture from abroad. “A person,” said Lord Chief Patents are mischievous to the State—they do raise prices Justice Tindal in Beard y. Egerton,‘*who has learned an —are hurtful to trade— and generally inconvenient. Within invention abroad and imported it into this country where the terms of this very Act nine-tenths of the patents ought it was not known, or shes before, is the first and true 1n- fec. 21,1867. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. 161 yentor within the statute,” and the patentee may be merely he obtained an Act of Parliament, vesting his engine in him- the agent fora foreigner, and have no personal interest in self and his assigns for twenty-five years, so that altogether the patent (2 Carr. & K. 667). he had patent privileges for thirty-one years. The passing The important part of patent law is the pleading. Ifthe of this Act was strenuously opposed by Edmund Burke. We ification is badly drawn a patent for areal true and get a glimpse in this case into the foresight of keen men, useful invention may be lost. If the specification is well and as to the probable use of a preliminary inquiry into the drawn a very useless invention may be patented. merit of an invention. Dr. Roebuck was a partner of Watt in The alleged object of the patent law is to encourage trade making the experiments, and to pay the expense of the not to remunerate genius no patent is granted for the patent, &c. Watt assigned to Dr. Roebuck two-thirds of the discovery of a principle ; it must bea manufacture something property of the invention. Dr. Roebuck became em useful and vendible, an engine or instrument or part of an in his circumstances, and Boulton stepped in to arrange with ine. Some new mode of employing different processes Roebuck and to negociate for the transfer of the property in incombination, which separately may have been used before the meantime to Mr. Boulton alone. ‘None of Roebuck’s Thus the hot-air blast was known in the manufacture of creditors,” wrote Watt, ‘‘ value the engine at a farthing,” and iron with bituminous coal, and anthracite coal was known this low estimation of the value of the steam engine was of the in the manufacture of iron with the cold blast. The com- greatest service in affecting the transfer of the property to bination of the hot blast with anthracite was held to be an Boulton. It was Watt’s good fortune in meeting with a man invention or manufacture intended by the statute (Crane v. of business like Boulton that insured the success of the steam- Price, 4 M. & G. 580). engine, not patent rights as we shall see. Watt's engines were The classes of inventions pe yes of being secured by imitated and Watt went to law to maintain his patents rights; patents will be now described, and this will give the opportu- these trials are not very fairly or liberally related by Watt’s nity of combining a statement of what the law is, in combi- biographer, Mr. Muirhead, who seems very equitably to share nation with illustrations of the mischievous effects of such with Watt his dislike of lawand lawyers. The bill of costs it seems laws to the community in hampering trade, and crippling amounted in four years to between £5,000 and £6,000, a fearful manufactures, by getting monopolizing rights for the most tax, says Mr. Muirhead, “a burden grievous to be borne,” and trifling processes or combinations. it may be mentioned with comfort in Manchester, because it First, then, there may be a patent for a new combination appears to have been the bill of a London solicitor, for Watt, of mechanical parts or instruments whereby a new machine speaking afterwards of an account in which the charges were is produced, though each of the parts be separately old and enormous said, it would not have disgraced a London solicitor. wellknown. For instance, a patent for shearing cloth was And again Watt expressed an evil opinion of the legal pro- . upheld for simply altering the direction in which cutters of fession, whom he called ‘‘ The Anthropophagi of London,” and an old form were made to cut. Again, a patent was upheld of whom he said that “ if all the counties in England would for a new mode of combining the parts of paddle wheels by join in petitioning Parliament to make it high treason for any which the paddles could be made to assume any desired of the tribe to be found in the realm, it would be the wisest angle in working, although the samie effect had been fully thing they ever did.” However there is comfort in this, that produced in paddle wheels by different means. A large Watt hada low opinion of all classes, for he said, ‘‘ Nine- number of patents for similar combinations have been tenths of mankind were knaves, and a large proportion of the supported, and a vast number of such patents are taken remaining one-tenth fools.” . out, On the first trial in 1793, all the great scientific men of the In consequence every manufacture is so hampered by day gave evidence for Watt. The briefs must have been long patent rights, that it is with the greatest difficulty they are and very special, andthe counsel numerous. There was a carried on; the cost of every process is thereby largely verdict for the plaintiffs, subject to the opinion of the court, increased to the consumer. and in May, 1795, the special case came on for judgment, Secondly. An improvement on any known machine, when the opinions of the judges were equally divided. whereby such machine is rendered capable of working more In 1796 a second cause was tried of Boultow and Watt v. beneficially, may be patented. Under this head will come Hornblower and Maberley, when the verdict was again for the Watt's improvement of the steam engine. Watt was en- plaintiffs, and on proceedings on a writ of error, the result d in harassing legal proceedings to maintain his patent was affirmed by the unanimous opinion of the four judges, after rights ; and this is probably an instance the supporters of being argued ‘‘ most ably and fully ’’ on two several occasions. patent law would greatly rely on as showing their beneficial The amount of the costs for such a litigation seems to be small operation. We shall all start fair, therefore, with this case, unless scientific witnesses and counsel were paid very differ- for I intend to rely en it to show the mischievous useless- ently then to what they are now, and at all events the result ness of patent laws. A principle may well be discussed in might have induced some gratitude for four years exertions of the case of Watt, to whom has been applied the language of his attorneys. For, says Muirhead, “the decision was of Plato, that ‘* he was a man who was of all those of his time course productive of momentous consequences in a pecuniary the most virtuous, the most just, and the most wise.” Sir point of view to the patentees, as, besides heavy damages and Walter Scott described Watt as ‘the man whose genius costs being recovered from the actual defendants, the remainder discovered the means of acon ¥ our national resources of the horde of delinquents were thereby at last awed into sub- to a degree pecnape even beyond his own stupendous jection and compelled to disgorge a large portion of their illegal powers of calculation and combination, bringing the treasures gains,” and, again, “ the terms of settlement insisted on were of the abyss to the summit of the earth, giving the feeble generally satisfactory to all parties,” surely this ought to ap- arm of man the momentum of an afrite, commanding manu- pear on the credit side of the costs of Watt's attorneys. Now, factures to arise as the rod of the prophet produced water says Muirhead, how “ melancholy to reflect that the leisure in the desert, affording the means of dispensing with that and tranquility of a philosophic mind, which might have pro- time and tide which wait for no man, and of sailing with- ‘duced further discoveries of refined beauty, or extensive utility, out that wind which defied the commands and threats of should be sacrificed and consumed in resisting the invasion of Xerxes himself. This potent commander of the elements, the powerful or defeating the fraudulent chicanery of the — aeei,a this abridger of time and space, this magician whose cloudy covetous,” that is in defending his patent rights. Watt went machinery has produced a change on the world, the effects in for money-making, accompanied with the ordinary anxieties of which, extraordinary as they are, are perhaps only now and cares of money-making, he did not profess to be satisfied beginning to be felt, was not only the most profound man with “the leisure and tranquility of a philosophic mind.” of science, the most successful combiner of powers and Watt was a man of laborious industry, with an astonishing calculator of numbers as adapted to practical purposes, was memory, and wonderful powers of calculation, in the very first not only one of the most generally well informed, but one rank asa real and true inventor. His engines, constructed by of the best and kindest of human beings.” Boulton, would always have commanded the market, patents Granting all this and far more to the man, and agreeing were of no real service to Watt. It is recorded that the op- with Lord Jeffrey that Watt, although called the improver position engines were of very erroneous proportions and defec- of the steam engine, was in truth as to all that is admirable tive manufacture, and their performances far from being suc- in its structure, or vast in its utility, rather its inventor, we cessful. Some, like Hornblower’s at Radstock, were asthmatic may dispassionately consider the effect of patent law on his “ obliged to stand still once every ten minutes to snore and invention, Watt patented his steam engine in 1769. In snort. When they have got a very strong steam it will make six years there was no return, and it appeared probable that twenty-one strokes in three minutes, but then comes to rest, the eight remaining years of the patent would produce no and must stand five minutes before it gets strength enough profit for the outlay of labour, talent, and money. In 1775 to make another stroke, and all the while they must fire 162 THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. Dec. 21, 186%. Friday ....24 Monday ....20 away as hard as ever they can, otherwise it will not work Saturday ..25 Tuesday....21 > Causes, at all.’? Some were gentlemanly engines, would go when Monday ....27 > Appeals. Wednesday 22 they had nothing to do, but refused'to do any work; others Tuesday ....28 Thursday ..23..Mtns. and causes, SEL 2 burst their boilers or broke their machinery to pieces, of all, Wednesday. .29 Friday ....24.. Petitions & Causes, Thursday ..30..Petitions & Apps. Saturday ..25..Sht. causes & caus, the bodily presence was weak and the work contemptible. Friday...... 31..App. mtns, & apps. Monday ....27 . These are all descriptions by Mr. Watt himself of his rivals Tuesday... .28 > Causes, manufactures, He had no need of patents to secure him from MASTER OF THE ROLLS, Wednesday 29 such rivalry. But in his life there is this remarkable passage, Chancery-lane. Thursday ..30 ioe Petns., 2 sht. Rt caus, ca conclusive against patents, which, in his case, had then expired. SaturdayJan.11..Mtns, & gen. pa. Monday ....13 Friday...... 31,.Mtns. and causes, “ Notwithstanding the cessation of the exclusive privilege and Tuesday ....14 > General Paper, N.B.—Any causes intended to be the immense competition in the construetion of steam engines Wednesday .15 heard as short causes must be which speedily followed, so far was the business of Boulton and Thursday ..16..Mtns. & gen pa. so marked at least one clear day Friday ....17..General paper. before the same can be put in the Watt from diminishing that it continually increased and Petns., sht. caus., paper to be so heard. became greatly more profitable than it ever had been in the Saturday ..184 adj. sums., and No cause, motion for decree, or days of its original founders.” “¢ It looks,” said Watt himself, general paper, further consideration, except by writing to Boulton, “as if nature had taken an aversion to Monday ....20 order of the Court, may be Tuesday ....21 } General paper. marked to stand over, if it shall monopolise and put the same thing into several peoples heads Wednesday 22 be within 12 of the last cause or at once to prevent them.” Thursday ..23,. Mtns. & gen. pa. matter in the printed paper of the The inventor of the steam engine, whoa hundred years before Friday ....24..General paper. day for hearing. Petns., sht. caus., Watt's patent had called it a semi-omnipotent engine, and “ the Saturday. ..25{adj. sums., and most stupendous work in the whole world,” the Marquis of general paper. Vv. C. Str W. P. WOOD. ee edeh Wercester, fared worse in his day, for it is recorded that while Monday ....27 Lincoln’s Inn. Cromwell enjoyed an income of £ 2,500 per annum, derived Tuesday... | General paper. SaturdayJan11..Mtns. & gen. pa, Wednesday .29 Monday ....13 from a portion of his Lordship’s princely estates, the protector Ptns., sht. caus., Tuesday ....14 ? General paper, proudly granted to the inventor of the steam engine a weekly Thursday ..30{ adj. sums., and Wednesday .i5 stipend of three pounds, gen. pa. Thursday ..16..Mtns. & gen. pa, (To be continued.) Friday ....31..Mtns. & gen. papr. Friday...... 17..General paper. N.B.—Unopposed petitions must be ( Petns., sht. caus., 2 heler presented and copies left with the Saturday ..18{adj. sums., and LAW STUDENTS’ DEBATING SOCIETY. Secretary, on or before the Thurs- eneral paper. A., the indorsee of a bill of landing of goods, which have day preceding the Saturday on Monday ....20 ? ssiahs which it is intended they should Tuesday....21 General paper. been recently landed in London, and stores in his name at be heard; and any causes in- Wednesday 22 a sufferance wharf, and upon which there is a stop for freight, tended to be heard as short causes Thursday ..23,,.Mtns. & gen. pa, deposits it with B., as security for an advance. Is a valid must be so marked at least one Friday ....24,.General paper. clear day before the same can be Petns., sht. caus, pledge thereby effected, the fact of the deposit not having put in the paper to be so heard. Saturday ..25 {ash sums., and been communicated to the warfinger? Meyerstein v. Barber eneral paper. LORDS JUSTICES. Monday ....27 . _— & Others, 15 W. R. 173, on appeal 15 W. R. 998. At the Tuesday ....28 > General paper. ' Society's meeting at the Law Institution on Tuesday last, the Lincoln’s Inn, Wednesday .29 debate on the above subject was opened by Mr. G. Sangster SaturdayJan.11 { pane. yo Ale am Petns.,sht. causes Green in the affirmative, and the question was carried in Thursday ..30 { adj. sums., & gen Monday ....13 paper. that way on a division. The Society adjourned for the Tuesday....14 > Appeals. Friday ....31..Mtns. & gen. pa. Christmas Vacation to Tuesday, the 7th proximo. Wednesday .15 Thursday ..16.. Appeal motions. N.B.—Any causes intended to be . Petns. in lunacy, heard as short causes must be so Friday ....174 app. petns., & app. marked at least one clear day OBITUARY. mtns. before the same can be put in the Saturday ..18) ¥ Bankruptcy appeal mtns, apps. paper to be so heard. MR. CHARLES BODENHAM., Monday ... pete Se Os V. C. SIR RICHARD MALPNS, ™ Apps. from County Mr. Charles Bodenhan, solicitor, of Hereford, died on Tuesday... 2) { Palatine of Lanc. Lincoln’s Inn, the 3rd instant, at the age ofsixty-three. Mr. Bodenham’s Wednesday .22..Appeals. SaturdayJant1 {ee Mtns., gen. adj. pa. sums certificate dates as far back as Easter Term, 1828, and for Thursday ..23..Appeal motions. Petns. in lunacy, Monday ....13 mony years he carried on bnsiness in partnership with Mr. Friday ....24 {aro petns., and Tuesday ....14 > General paper. Jobn Gwynne James, who holds several local offices under app. mtns, Wednesday 15 the Inland Revenue Department, and is alsoclerk to the Bankruptcy apps. Thursday ..16 { Rts» - oun magistrates of Hereford. The firm has been known since Saturday ..25 { pp at Monday ....27 Friday...... 17..Petns, & gen. pa. 1857 as Bodenham, James, & Bodenham; the deceased Tuesday ....28 { Appeals. Saturday . ..18 taal Short causes paper. and gentleman’s son, Mr, Frederick Bodenham, having been Wednesday .29 admitted into partnership in that year. Thursday ..30..Appeal motions. Monday ....20 Petns. in Junacy, Tuesday ....21 ? General paper Friday ....31 {99 petns., & app. Wednesday. .22 MR. W. W. BRERETON, Q.C. mtns. " Thursday ..23 ae Mtns., pa. adj. sums, ” The death of Mr. William Westropp Brereton, Q.C., of the Notice.—The days (if any) o® which the Lords Justices shal! be Friday ....24..Ptns, & gen, pa. Irish Bar, took place at Dublin on the 13th instant. Mr. engaged in the Full Court, or at Saturday : . .26 { general Short causes paper. and Brereton was called to the barin Trinity Term, 1836, and the Judicial Committee of the became a Queen’s Counsel in November, 1852, In 1858 Privy Council, are excepted, Monday «.-.27 he was appointed, by Lord Derby's Government, Chairman Tuesday ....28 f General paper V. C. Sin JOHN STUART, Wednesday .29 D>, of Quarter Sessions for the county of Galway. Lincoln’s Inn, Thursday ..30 { bye sht. causes. SaturdayJanl!..Motions & causes Mtns, Monday ....13 Friday ....31 ie uae COURT PAPERS. Tuesday ....14 > Causes, N.B.—Any causes intended to be Wednesday 15 heard as short causes must be CHANCERY VACATION NOTICE. Thursday ..16..Motions & causes. so marked at least one clear day During the Christmas Vacation 1867-68, the Chambers of Friday ....17..Petitions & causes before the same can be put in the the Vice-Chancellor Sir Richard Malins will be open on the Saturday ..18..Sht.causes & caus. paper to be so heard, following days, viz.: 24th, 26th, 27th, and 31st December 1867, and the Ist, 2nd, and 3rd January 1868 from eleven till ene EXCHEQUER OF PLEAS. o’clock. Sittings at Nisi Prius in Middlesex and London before the Right Hon. Sir Firzxoy Ketxy, Knt., Lord Chief Baron of CHANCERY SITTINGS, her Majesty's Court of Exchequer, in and after Hilary Hilary Term, 1868. Term, 1868. LORD CHANCELLOR. Thursday ..16,.App. mtns, & apps, In Term, Linco!n’s Inn. F 17 «+18 Middlesex. SaturdayJan,11 Loe Seep, iM onday .... Appeals. Monday ....06..ss00000dam, 13 Monday 4...... 6ss00dan. 27 Monday ...,18 Tuesday. ..2) Wednesday 22 Monday s...sss.ccc000 99 ae Thursday ..23,.App.mtns, & apps, The Court will not sit during term in London. Dec. 21, 1867. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. 163 AFTER TERM. with great nobility of nature, and the most frank and attractive Middlesex. London. manners had gained him a popularity and esteem which can now ‘allses, Saturday ...... Feb. 1 | Thursday...... sbéteen MODs 18 be measured only by the shadow which his death will cast over a Causes, The Court will sit during and after term at ten o’clock. wide circle of friends. He died on Wednesday last of inflammation & caus, The Court will sit in Middlesex, in term, by adjournment of the lungs, after less than six days’ illness.—Spectator from day to day, until the causes entered for the respective Middlesex sittings are disposed of. ESTATE EXCHANGE REPORT. AT THE MART. Dec. 13.—By Messrs. Norton, Taist, Watney, & Co. PUBLIC COMPANIES. Freehold residence and building land, situate at Nutfield, Surrey, the whole containing nearly 44 acres—Sold for £4,600. ENGLISH FUNDS AND RAILWAY STOCK. By Messrs. C. C. & T. Moone. Last Quotation, Dec 20, 1867. Leasehold, 2 houses, one with shop, Nos. 84‘'& 86, Jubilee-street, Mile- (From the Official List of the actual business transacted.) end, producing £52 per annum; term, 24 years unexpired, at £7 per GOVERNMENT FUNDS. annum—Sold for £550. ‘ 8 per Cent. Consols, 92 Annuities, April, ’85 — house, No. 55, Stepney-green, annual value £28—Soid for , Ditto for Account, 923 Do. (Red Sea T.) Aug. 1908 20} 305, Sper Cent Reduced, 92 Ex Bills, £1000, 28 per Ct. Freehold house and shop, situate at the corner of Jubilee-street and Red- New 3 per Cent., 92 Ditto, £500, Do 28 man’s-row, Mile-end-road —Sold for £340. Do. 34 per Cent., Jan, 794 Ditto, £100 & £200, 28 pm Leasehold house, No. 30, Clark-street, Jubilee-street, Mile-end, let at Do. 24 per Cent., Jan. ’94 Bank of England Stock, 54 per ~ ye annum ; term, 34 years unexpired at £8 per annum—Sold for Do.5 per Cent., Jan. ’72 102 Ct, (last half-year) 243 Leasehold house, No, 11, Park-place, Park-road, Peckham, let at £24 Annuities, Jan. ’80— Ditto for Account, per annum; term, 21 years unexpired at £4 per anuum—Sold for INDIAN GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. £180. India Stk., 10} p Ct.Apr.’74, Ind, Enf. Pr., 5p C., Jan.’72, 1035 Dec. 18.—By Messrs, Epwin, Fox, & BousPie.D. Ditto for Account 210 x d Ditto, 5 = Cent., May,’79, 109 Freehold ground rents, amounting to £124 per annum (with early rever- Ditto 5per Cent., July,’80112xd/ Ditto Debentures, per Cent., sions) arising from 16 houses, situate in High and Seymour-streets, Ditto for Account, — April, "64 — Deptford—Sold for £2,790. Ditto 4 per Caat., Oct. 88 1005 Do. Do., 5 per Cent., Aug. 73 105} Ditto, ditto, Certificates, — Do. Bonds, 5 per Ct., £1000, — pm AT THE LONDON TAVERN. Ditto Enfaced Ppr., 4 per Cent. 874} Ditto, ditto, under £1000, 58 pm Dec. 18.—By Mr, Futter. Freehold building land and houses, the surplus property of the London RAILWAY STOCK. and SonthWestern Railway, situate at Teddington, Hampton Wick, New Kingston, Malden, Twickenham, and Putney, in 41 lots. Lot 1 Shares. Railways, Paid, | Closing Prices. sold for £410. Lot 2 sold for £400. Lot 3 sold for £385. Lots 4 and 5 Stock | Bristol and Exeter o...... cscscssccsrerserrrere| 100 83 sold for £540. Lot6 sold for £400. Lot 7 sold for £305. Lot 8 sold Stock | Caledonian...... sscscsssecsesesseneaes ..| 100 748 for £100. Lot 9 sold for £100. Lot 10 sold for £100. Lot 11 sold for Stock | Glasgow and South-Western ..., 100 £100. Lot 12 sold for £105. Lot 13 sold for £118. Lot 14 sold for Stock | Great Eastern Ordinary Stock .... 100 31g £110. Lot 15 sold for £106. Lot 16 sold for £100. Lot £17 sold for Stock Do., East Anglian Stock, No. 2 ..,,...... ; 100 7 £100. Lots 18 and 19 sold for £100 each. Lot 20 sold for £102. Lot Stock | Great Northern ....c.ccccsecscssseesssrseeeesees| 100 108 21 sold for £99. Lots 22 to 30 sold for £1,300. Lot 31 sold for £610. Stock Do., A Stock* 100 1 Lot 32 sold for £200. Lot 33sold for £185. Lot 34sold for £155. Lots Stock | Great Southern and Western of Ireland} 100 96 35 and 36 sold for £135 each. Lot 37 sold for £115. Lot 38 sold for Stock | Great Western— Original ...... pectuqnienen 100 44 = Lot 39 sold for £115. Lot 40 sold for £100. Lot 41 sold for Stock} Do., West Midland—Oxford... .. ++} 100 30 114, Stock Do., do.—Newport ...... 4. 100 31 Stock | Lancashire and Yorkshire .,,...... 100 121 BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS. 8tock | London, Brighton, and South Coast...... | 100 49 Stock | London, Chatham, and Dover...... | 100 18 BIRTHS. Stock | London and North-Western..., score] 100 113; COCKLE—On Oct. 10, at Oakwal, near Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Stock | London and South-Western ...... 0..| 100 76 the wife of the Hon. Chief Justice Cockle, F.R.S., of a daughter. Stock | Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln...... | 100 473 GRIFFITH—On Dec. 12, at 31, Hyde-park-square, W., the wife of Stock | Metropolitan...... ccccccescccssrerererssressesee,| LOO 1123 Charles Marshall Griffith, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, of a daughter. Stock | Midland ...... 100 102 PEACOCK—On Dec. 16, at No. 111, Gower-street, Bedford-square, the Stock} Do., Birmingham and Derby ...... 100 70 wife of T. F. Peacock, Esq., Solicitor, of a daughter. Stock | North British ..cccssscccccssscessssssreecscesesee} 100 334 MARRIAGE. Stock | North London ae 100 114 10 Do., 1866 5 64 BAKER—MOORE—On Dec. 17, at the parish church, Sutton Cheney, Stock | North Staffordshire 100 62 John Howard Baker, Esq., Solicitor, Birmingham,to Lydia, daughter Stock | South Devon ..| 100 44 of the late Paul Moore, Esq., Bolton Lodge, Edgbaston, Birmingham. Stock | South-Eastern 100 67; DEATHS MOON | TUNE VON sin scccadsscdieasieiccotavecciocedvesteecal BOO 150 ADCOCK—On Dec. 7, at Brighton, Sussex, Stephen Adcock, Esq., Solici- 10 Do., C - tor, formerly of Cambridge, aged 65. BORRETT—OnjDec. 16, at hisresidence, in Queen Anne-street, Cavendish- square, Charles William Borrett, D,C.L., Barrister-at-Law, and Fellow * A receives no dividend until 6 per cent. bas been paid to of Magdalen College, Oxford. KEMP—On Dec. 10, at 3, Lansdowne-villas, Northend, Fulham, Mary, Money MARKET AND City INTELLIGENCE. wife of Edwd, Kemp, Esq., Solicitor. Thursday Night. KENNEDY—On Dec. 17, at Birmingham, Charles Rann Kennedy, Esq., Consols have been exceedingly dull and heavy this week, and Barrister-at-Law. the share market has been in a similar condition. In the railway MOURILYAN—On Dec. 13, at Sandwich, Joseph Noakes Mourilyan, Esq., Solicitor, aged 57. market, indeed, the opening of the week exhibited a promise of SHARPE—On Dec. 18, at 48, York-street, Portman-square, Henry some activity, but the news on Tuesday that the Midland Com- Edward Sharpe, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, late Chief Justice ef the Island pany will want £5,000,000 more to complete their works soon of St. Vincent, W.I., aged 73. operated as acheck. The company’s shares fell about 7 per cent. WOOLLS—On Dec. 12, at Uxbridge, Charlotte, wife of Edward Woolls, and most of theother lines sympathised to the extent of 1 per cent. Esq., Solicitor, aged 65. Since then the railway ma bor has continued daily in the down- ward direction. Foreign securities have exhibited relatively LONDON GAZETTES. more firmness than any other descriptions, ‘The demand for ad- vances has been smaller than usual at this time of the year. aM inding-up of Joint Stock Compances Rentes 68f. 75c. Tvespar, Dec. 17, 1867. Limitep In CHANCERY. Dylais Coal and Iron pre (Limited).—By an order made by Vice- We deeply regret to record the death of Mr. Ebenezer Charles, Chancellor Stuart, dated Deo 6, it was ordered that all further pro- of the Chancery Bar, who was some years ago, before profes- ceedings be stayed, and it was further ordered that the voluntary sional engagements multiplied upon him, a valued contributor winding up of the said company be continued. Vining & Son, tothis journal, and who, though still young, had acquired a Moorgate-st, solicitors for the petitioner. “ emg os reputation which promised fair to take him to the London Chemical Company (Limited).—Petition for winding up, ighest honours of the profession, He had gained a high presonted Ded 17, directed to be heard before Vice-Chancellor Stuart, repute, not only in the region of equity proper, but in cases of on Friday Jan 17. Young & Co, Frederick’s-p!, Old Jewry, solici- tors for the petitioner. 5 ecclesiastical law, and was engaged, we yea in the recent London Discount Company (Limited).—By an order of the Vice-Chan- Colenso case before Lord Romilly, and in the St. Alban’s cellor Malins, dated Dec 6, it was ordered that the volun wind- casenow before Sir R. Phillimore. Inthe University of London, ing up of the said company be continued. Galsworthy, Old Jewry- of which he was amomber, Mr. Charles had acquired an influenco chambers, solicitor for the petitioner. a for one so young, and probably equal to that of the | County Patarins or LancasTsr. most influential of his older fellow-graduates. Indeed he had Tottington Manufacturing Company (Limited).—By an order made by een elected by their Convocation a member ef the Senate only the Vice-Chancellor, dated Deo 9, it was ordered that the above six months ago. His singular maturity of judgment strength comgene be wound up. Marsland & Addleshaw, Manob, soliciters of character, and intellectual decision, combined, as ey were, for the petitioner. i64 THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. Deo. 12, 1867,

ee Sneiet Manufacturing Company (Limited).—The Registrar for Combes, John, Chicksgrove, Wilts, Yeoman. Jan 31. Wilson & Co, the Manchester District has fixed Dec 24, at 11, at his chambers, in Salisbury Cross-st, Manch, the time and place for the appointment of an Comber, Edwd, Mydleton Hall, Lancaster, Merchant. Feb 20, Elleg official liquidator. & Field, Lpool. De Bow, Jas Dunwoody Brownson, Nashville, United States of Friendly Societies Dissolved. America. Feb1. Yates & Martin, Lpool. Frrpay, Dec. 13, 1867, Emblein, Joseph, Cowley-st, Shadwell, Brazier. Jan. Minshall, Og. westry. Bigrigg Iron Ore Brotherhood Friendly Society, Bigrigg, Cumberland. Frowd, Susan, Rossing, Berks, Spinster, Jan 13. Prior & Bigg, er c 9. Southampton- bldg: Bridgwater Friendly Society, Three Tuns-inn, Bridgwater, Somerset. Frowd, Sarah Thraine, Bath, Spinster. Jan 13. Prior & Bigg, South. Seer eee Dec 10. ampton -bldgs. Creditors unter Estates in Chancery. — , John, SGiousester-house, Ludgate-hill, Haberdasher. March Bead dome, Nicholas-lane, Lombard-st. Last Day of Proof. J aw, Wm a Heighway, Shrewsbury, Saleg, Tobacconist. March 25, Tuespayx, Dec. 17, 1867, Ranken & Co, South-sq, Gray’s-in ; aie, Loa Colaiprmentt Lincoln, Physician. Jan 5. Asslin v Asslin Leeds, Alice, Bawdeswell, Norfolk, Spinster. March 7. Mitchell & Saas ae Clarke, Wymondham. aos win, "Northfleet, Kent, Gent. Jan 6. Banks vo Betts, V. C. Masters, Thos, Long Itchington, Warwick, Farmer. Jan 14. Wall- alins. ington & Wright, Leamington Priors. Dunncliff, John Dearman, Melbourne, Derby, Gent. Jan 10, Smith » Price, Wm, Leeds, Surgeon. Feb1. Barr & Co, Leeds, —— Dunncliff, V. C. Malins Rothwell, Mary Ann, Pennington, Lancaster, Spinster. Jan 31, Knott, John, Tunbridge ‘Wells, Kent. Jan 6. Knott » Knott, V. C. Taylor & Sons, Bolton-le-Moors. a Wn, ven wan Southampton, Millwright. Jan 26. Davy ailington, Geo, Birm, Clerk. Jan 11. Piolet » Millington, V. C. & Davy, Fordingbrid ‘alins. Shi ne. Thos, Hatfield ‘fills, York, Gent. Jan 15. England & Son, Mutton, John, Qoewreh eis, Hat Manufacturer. Jan 7. wden Mutton v Mutton, V. C. Malins. Stothert, Ann, Walcot, Bath, Spinster, Feb 1. Stothert & Inmans, eee Lady East Stoke, a Miller. Jan 10. Talbot v Marshfield, Bath. Von Dieck, Alida Heligunda, Hanwell, Spinster. Jan 20. Crump Smith, Charlotte, Che Potton, Bedford, Spinster. Jan 10. White » Smith, Langbourn-chambers, Fenchurch-s6. * nm Beare Walker, pa Manch, Silk Manufacturer. Jan 31. Cunliffo & Leaf —, Wm’ iy, King’s-rd, Chelsea, Esq. Jan il. Jewis » Lawrence, Manch Walker, Thos, Park Farm, Appledore, Kent, Farmer. Feb 1. Munn& Walker, Rowland Edwd, Torquay, Devon, Esq. Jan 10. Walker vy» Mace, Tenterden. Walker, V. C. Malins Wilcox, Jobe, Highfields, Stafford, Contractor. Jan 6. Wilcox» Wilcox Deeds registered pursuant to Bankruptcy Act, 1861, Cc. ins, FrinaY, Dec. 6, 1867, TuEspay, Dec. 17, 1867. Barton, Thos, Sevenoaks, Kent, Corn Merchant. Nev 22, Asst. Reg oe! met Rhayader, Radnor, Gent. Jan 31. Owen v Arthur, Dec 1 Il. Birch, John, Yeadon, York, Manufacturer. Dec 10. Comp. Reg Geedtliom, Win, White Waltham, Berks,Farmer. Jan15. Goodfellow Dec 12. » Gillett, Borras, Thos, Plough-rd, Rotherhithe, Brick Merchant. Dec3. Comp, my ry Staveley, Derby, Gent. Jan 11. Roberts v Marples, Reg Dec 9. Boyle, Alfred, High-st, Poplar, Chemist. Nov 15. Comp, Reg Ossmond, Saml, Davies-st, Boot Maker, Jan 7. Osmond v Osmond, Dec 12. Bright, John Philips, Ilfracombe, Devon, Printer. Nov 21. Comp Smith, ‘John Jas, King-st, Hammersmith, Baker. Jan 10, Mercer o Reg Dec 13. Smith, V.C. Malins, Burnett, Jos, Birm, Chemist. Nov 30. Comp. Reg Dec 11. Wharton, Wn, Claughton, York,Gent. Jan11, Wharton» Wharton, Carr, Richd, Birm, Brewer. Dec 7. Comp. Reg Dec 13. V.C. Mali ins. Carter, Jas, Codsall, Stafford, Farmer. Nov 20. Comp. Reg Dec 13. Crevitors under 22 & 23 Viet. cay. 35. ° Chapman, John Wm, Margate, Kent, Builder. Nov 21. Comp. Reg Last Day of Claim. Dec 11 Fripay, Dec. 13, 1867. Chichester, Hy Fitzwarrine, Queen’s Hotel, Upper Norwood, Gent. Anderson, Isabella, Palace-gardens-villas, Kensington, Widow. Feb Nov 30. Comp. Reg Dec 7. 1. Tamplin & Tayler, Fenchurcb-st. Carrey EPs Cheltenham, Gloucester, Upholsterer. Nov 12. Comp. Bartlett, Wm, Lymington, Southampton, Gent. Feb 14. Dalby, Re 0 Ashby-de- la-Zouch. colt Richd, R Birm, Grocer. Dec7. Comp. Reg Dec 13. Bentley, Eliz, Hertford, Widow. Feb 10. Van Sandau & Co, King- Connell, Peter, Granby-row, Manch, Baker. Nov 21. Comp. Reg st, Cheapside. Dec il. Connor, Ann, Hyde-pk-ter, Paddington, Widow. Jan 1. Hales, Clif- Crapp, John, Devonport, Devon, Tailor. Nov 28. Comp, Reg tord’s-inn, Chancery-lane. Dec Conran, Colonel Edwd, Craven-st, Strand. April 30. McGrigor, Crowther, Benj, Heckmondwike, York, Tailor." Nov 24. Cemp. Reg Charles-st, St James-sq. Dec 12. Copland, Hy, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Wholesale Grocer. Jan 31. Downes, Andrew, Birm, Licensed Victualler. Nov2l. Comp. Reg ughes & Co, Austin-friars. Dec 13. Cummins, das John, Wildecroft, Surrey, Esq. Feb 1. Nisbet & Co, Evans, Saml, Manch, Tea Dealer. Dec9. Asst. Rg Dec 13. Lincoln’s:inn-fields. Fawcett, John Bisdee, Saoye's Coffeehouse, ‘Underwriter. Nov 16, Day, og Eynsham, Oxford, Nurseryman. Jan 11. Price & Son, Inspectorship. Reg Dec Burfo’ Fields, wy Horsewood, Tipton, Stafford, Tailor. Dec 4. Comp. = John, ‘Raisbeck, Westmorland, Yeoman. Feb 1. Thompson, Reg ppleby. Fraser, Jobn Scott, & Alfred Booth, St Helen’s, Lancaster, Iron Mer- Goodhart, Jacob Emanuel, Bedford-sq. Feb 1. Tamplin & Tayler, Fenchurch-st. chants. Nov 5. Asst. Reg Dec 12, i Geo, Bristol, Tailor. Jan 20. Bevan, Bristol. yo om Sheffield, Ale and Porter Merchant. Nov 18. Asst Gyles, dwd, Finsbury-pl South, Gent. Feb 1, Jones, Crosby-sq. g Dec Halliday, John, Gloucester-st, Pimlico, Gent. Feb 1. Tamplin & Gieegint Chas John, Sheffield, Grocer. Nov 19. Asst. Reg Dec ll. Tayler, Fenchurch-st. eA Geo, Yatton, Somerset, Butcher. Dec 9. Comp. Reg Hawkin, John, sen, Skelton, York, Carpenter. Jan 17. Hirst & Capes, Boroughbridge. ea Wm, Maidstone, Kent, Builder. Nov 19. Asst. Reg Hewitt, Theos, John-st, Kingsland, Chronometer Maker. Jan 15, ll Boulton & Sons, Northampton-sq, Clerkenwell. Haddath, Richd, Holborn-hill, Millou, Cumberland, Joiner. Nov 26. Jones, Llewellyn, Brynwith, Glamorgan, Farmer. Jan 21. Stock- Asst. Reg D ec 13, wood, Brigend. Hall, Jane, Elsecar, York, Widow. Nov 22. Comp. Reg Dec11. Joplin, Ralph, Bishop Auckland, Durham, Gent. Jan 1. Thornton, Hartree, Saml Dowdney, Old Swindon, Wilts, Oomm Agent. Nov 2. Bishop Auckland, Asst. Reg Dec 10. Knapp, Emma, Bullo, Gloucester, Widow. Jan 1. Smith, Newnham. Heys, Hy, & Ralph Heatley Heys, Southport, Lancaster, Hotel Keeper. Lawrauce, Fredk, Essex-ct, Temple, Barrister. Jan18. Carlisle & Dec 3. Comp. Reg Dec 12. Ordell, New-sq, Lincoln’s-inr, ey Antes Brynmaur, Brecon, Draper. Nov 13, Asst. Reg Pashler, Wn, Molesworth, Huntingdon, Farmer. Feb 1, Hunny- ec bnn, Huntingdon. Holloway, Fredk, hiatal ta Ball’s Pond-rd, Accountant, Dec 10. Phillips, Wm, Wick, Glamorgan, Farmer. Jan 22. Rees, Cowbridge. Comp. Keg Dec 12. Piesse, Augustus Geo, Gt Sutton-st, Clerkenwell, Silversmith. Feb Holmes, Jas, Staveley, Derby, Carrier. Nov 15. Asst. Reg Dec 16. 29. Piesse, Camberwell. oy Jacob, Spalding, Lincoln, Grocer. Oct 1. Comp. Reg Rogers, Thos, Cospicua, Malta. Jan 18, Anderson & Son, Ironmong er Humpherson, Alfred, Bewdley, Worcester, Victualler, Nov 23. Smales, Elinor, Walworth-rd, Spinster. Jan 25. Sturmy & Diggles Comp. Reg Dec 1 Hibernia-chambers, London-bridge. 7 Jackson, Edward, Nottingham, Tinman, Nov 16, Asst. Reg Dec13. Tice, Wm, Sopley-pk, Hants, Esq. Jan6. Sharp, Christchurch. James, Chas Wedge, syGn Bond, Wm Walton, Birm,Gun Manufac- Wright, Wm, Egmanten, Nottingham, Farmer. Hodding, Worksop turers. Nov 7. Reg Dec 10, sae, , Hy, Stockton, ‘Durkee, Stonemason. Nov 19.. Asst. Reg TvEspay, Dec. 17, 1867. Dec 2. Baillie, Alfa Wm, North-bank, Regent’s-pk, Esq. Feb 1, Leman & Kin » ite hen, Shepperton, Builder. Dec 6. \Comp. Reg Dec Il. Co, Lincoln’s-inn-fields. Lo 'y Wm, Tornace-£0, Limehouse, Brick Merchant. Deo 7. Seven, Martie, Bristol, Spinster. Feb 25. Hunt, Bristol. comb: Reg Dec 13. » Jas, Ipswich, Suffolk,Gent. Febi. Birkett, nee. Logan, Ma Margaret, Llandudno, Carnarvon, Hotel Keeper. Dec 6 Clare Many Bradwall, Chester. Feb 13, Cooper, Congleton Dec. 21,1867. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. 165 Lovegrove, Hy, Ryde. Isle of Wight, Innkeeper. Nov 18. Asst. gn yg » Dry Gill, Stanhope, Durham, Draper. Nov 25. Asst. Dec 11. Bag Wm, Bramley, York, Cordwainer. Nov 30. Asst. Reg Hersee, Wm, & Geo P ana oy Surrey, Floor Cloth Manufae- 1 turers. Dec 16. bem Ashton-under-Lyne, out of business. Nov 15. Hickling, John, Casto Nottingham, Potato Merchant. Dec 11, wile, Ge, et Asst. Reg Dec 16. B oy en Otitis York, Shopkeeper. Nov 14. Asst, = Jas, Cambridge-town, Frimley, Surrey, Grocer. Nov 19. Comp, Dec on, Jonathan, Ten Gloucester, Dealer in Faney Goods. soa ao John, Strood, Kent, Mast and Block Maker. Dee 9, Comp, Dec 2. Comp. Morgan ee, Sheokioe, Glamorganshire, Widow. Nov 26. Comp. ban. Mary, Manch, Widow. Dec6. Comp. Reg Dec Lb. Humphreys, Lewis, bianrhaiadr yn Mochnant, Denbigh, Grocer, Deo fo ghee John Kent, Wm Maen ce Seger, Old Jewry-chambers, So- 7. Asst. Reg licitors. Nov 16. Comp. Re; John, pene, aaaen, Glamorgan, Grocer. Nov 22. Comp. Reg , Thos, Sheffield, Watchmaker. Dec 3. Inspectorship. Reg Dec 14. 13, Johnson, John, & Wm Johnson Cullin, Dover, Kent, Shipwright. Nov Myers, Moss, Monkwell-st, Bead Merchant. Dec 4. Comp. Reg Dec 11. 25, Comp. Reg Dec 16. Neate, het ana Gloucester, Cabinet Maker. Nov 23. Comp. oe. Fe, oe Grinstead, Sussex, Brewer. Dec 12. Comp. Reg Reg Dec 1 Oaell, dom, Rood-lane, Merchant. Nov 19. Inspectorship. Reg Tomepeeg, Thos, T Paternoster-row, Paper Merchant. Nov {18. Comp. 4 Palen, Rowles, W +, h bers, Victoria-st, Attorney. Dec Lane, Saml, Nottingham, Butcher. Dec 12. Comp. Reg 1 Dec 16, Asst. Reg Dec 10. Lewis, Hy, Bristol, Jeweller. Nov 18. Asst. Reg Dec Pao, Joseph, New Mills, Derby, Blacksmith. Decl0. Asst. Reg ty Highbury-vale, Islington, Greengrocer. Deo 3. Cemp. 4 ror Wm, Riley-st, Bermondsey, Lath Dealer. Nov 14. Comp. Reg a Ann, Nottingham, Dress Cap Manufacturer. Nov 27, Comp. poatitt, Fredk, Kingston-upon-Hull, Draper. Nov 29, Comp. Reg a. Alfred, Newport, Monmouth, Grocer. Nov 28. Comp. Reg Peay, Geo, York, Leather Currier. Dec 9. Comp. Reg eS John, Gower-st, Bedford-sq, Merchant. Dec 4. Asst. Reg Bees, ogi el berg, King William-st, Comm Agent. Dec 7. Comp. Oldfield, Johan Wm, Loe tame nr Huddersfield, Cabinet Maker. Deo 9, Comp. Reg ‘Dec 1 pages andrew, Kenley, Salop, Farmer. Nov 18 Asst. Reg Opera BY Gatton-rd, "venkem, Grocer. Nov 30. Comp. Reg Samuel, Lawrence, Holloway-rd, Outfitter. Novl2. Comp. Reg Pickering, Wm, wie Quay, Northumberland, Grocer. Nov 21, Comp. Reg Dec 1 adel Wm berg ae, Peckham, Licensed Victualler. Nov ee Festus, Wells, Somerset, Jeweller. Nov 29, Asst. Reg 23, Comp, g Dec Speak, John, Cole, ate. Innkeeper. Nov 13. Asst. Reg ah —_ ~emoars Penzance, Cornwall, Brewer. Nov 29. Dec 10. Comp. Reg Dec sg wy Chas, Lpool, Licensed Victualler. Nov 14. Comp. Reg .—~ _ Cunatse, Smallware Dealer, Dec 11. Comp, Reg sahens, a Eastbourne-ter, Hyde-pk, Gent. Dec 7, Comp. Reeve, John, King William-st, Clerk. Dec 16, Comp. Reg Dec 16. cl o>. Aogee, Devonshire-st, Marylebone, Tailor. Nov 23. Comp. sient iehn. Hulme, nr Manch, Draper. Nov 29. Asst. Reg Dec 11. g Dec 1 Strange, Lag Thompson, Hastings, Sussex, Hosier. Dec ll. Comp, Richards, Edwd, eer, Stafford, Beerhouse Keeper. Nov 28, Reg Dec 12. Asst. Reg Dec 1 Strapps, Wm, Prestwich, Lancaster, Coach Proprietor. Dec 2, Comp Departs, Thos, Taaaee, Carnarvon, Mason. Noy ‘21, Comp. Reg Reg 10. —, ae West Hartlepool, Durham, Draper. Nov 13. Asst. Reg =, Ryd Ann, Sunderland, Durham, Widow. Nov 22. Asst. Vensbles, John Dane Smethwick, Stafford, Boatbuilder. Dec 6. Routledge, J a Carlisle, Jeweller and Watchmaker. Nov 28. Comp, Comp. Reg Dec 1 oe Hermann, & ean Warrens, Manch, Spinners. Nov — all, Thos, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Draper. Nov 16. Asst. Reg 29. Comp. Reg Wikains, Thos, Beetora, ‘Oxford, Shoemaker. Dec 9. Comp. Reg inaeer, Robt, Upton-on-Severn, Worcester, Jeweller. Nov 23. Comp, Dec 13. gz ce 13. a , John, Derby, Silk Manufacturer. Nov 14. Comp, Reg Sanders, Thos, aa Lincoln’s-inn, Law Stationer. Dee 17. Dec 1 4 Comp. Reg Dec Wood, Thos, & a Marden, Huddersfield, Flax Spinners. Nov15 —— — Esam, Huby, Nottingham, Farmer. Nov 28. Asst. Reg Asst. Reg Dec 10. Wood, Mmwoy A Ann, Walsall, Stafford, Shopkeeper. Nov 30. Comp. Soqnerr, Hy, Coventry, Ribbon Manufacturer. Dec 5. Comp. Reg Reg 1 ic 14. papwse. Beet, Hales Owen, Salop, Merchant. Dec1l0. Comp. Reg Steele, Jas, Grosmont, Monmonth, Wheelwright. Nov 28. Asst. i. Reg Dec 14. Tvespay, Dec, 17, 1867. —, John Meadhurst, Bristol, Tailor, Dec 3. Asst, Reg pore. es, Ardwick, Lancaster, Cabinet Maker. Dec 6. Comp. lec | Reg Dec Taylor, David, Birm, Fruiterer. Dec 2. Comp. Reg Dec 17, Binley, Thos Cooper, Burton-upon-Trent,'Stafford, Ironmonger. Nov Thomas, Tom Bind Wa am hester-st-building , Share Dealer. Inspectorship. Reg Dec 1 14. Dec 5. Comp. Reg Bolton, Reuben, Bolton, Lancaster,Shopkeeper. Dec 13. Asst. Reg by oy ota Thos an Pong Deritel, Kent, Butcher. Dec 14. Comp. Dec 17. ig Bowen, Thos Hy, Se Glamorgan, Licensed Victualler. Dec 4, Vivian, Soa Robins, ag 5" ga nr Manch, Mining Comp. Reg i Agent. Dec13. Comp. Reg 16. aw. jun, Presteign, Radnor, Draper. Nov 21. Asst. Wagstaff, Joseph, Blackpool, Lancaster, General Dealer, Dec 6. Comp. Reg Reg Dec aye, John, Fore-st, Tie Manufacturer. Dec 12, Comp. Reg Wallace, Hugh, Basinghall-st, Warehouseman. Dec9. Comp. Reg Cc 13. Dec 17. oane Stowers i Posford, Maldon, Essex,Smith. Nov19. Asst. Reg be Noah, Wolverhampton, Stafford, Ale Dealer. Dec 9. Comp. c e 17 Cohen, Nathaniel, Gt Prescott-st, Goodman’s-field, Clothier. Dec 13, williams, + res Cwmavon, Glamorgan, Grocer. Dec4. Comp. Comp. Reg Dec 16, eg 8. Coleman, Myer, Birm, General Dealer. Dec 5. Comp. Reg Dec 15. =e Geo, Wolverhampton, Stafford,Grocer. Nov27. Comp. Reg Cook, Stephen, Seeipontenens Gloucester, Alehouse Keeper. Dec 10, 16. Comp. Reg Dec 1 Wood, Chas Hy, & Joseph Hy Munn, Grange-rd, Bermondsey, Cross, John Hyde, Wat Office, Pall Mall, Gent. Nov 22. Comp. Reg Builders, Dec i6. Comp. Reg Dec 17. 16. Wood, Chas Hy, Grange-rd, Bermondsey, Builder. Dec 16. Comp. —, Edwin, Chelmondisten, Suffolk,Grocer. Nov 16, Asst. Reg Reg Dec 17, Bankruyls. Davis, s Abel Saunders, Gt Driffield, York, Gunsmith. Dec 7. Asst. To Surrender in London, eg Dawson, wm, Robert Dawson, & Edwd Hunter Dawson, Sunderland, Frrpax Dec, 13, 1867. Durham, Ship Broker. Novis. Comp. Reg Dec 16. Andrews, Geo, Gravesend, Kent, out of business, Pet Decl0. Maur- Delany. John Alfred, Darlaston, Statford, Publican, Dec 4. Comp. ray. Dec 24at 12, Peckham, Gt Knight Rider-st, Doctor’s-comms, e Baker, Benj, Wellclose-sq, Surgeon. Pet Dec6. Pepys. Jan 9 at 12. Feley.V Wm, Worksop, Nottingham, Miller. Nov 16. Asst. Reg King, Queen-st. Blatch, Wm, Loughton, Essex, Carpenter. PetDecll. Jan liat2? Fordsed, “Joseph, Birm, Draper. Dec6, Comp. Reg Dec 17, iMorris, Leicester-sq. Gambles,' Eliz, Tianegets, York, Lodging House-keeper. Nov 27. Biss, Jas, North tmaker. Pet Dec 9. Jan 13 at 2. Asst. Reg Dec 16, Buchanan, mame ool os MS Wm Gustard, Gateshead, Durham, Builder, Dec 7. Comp. Coliins, Stephen, Princes Risborough, Buckingham, Licensed Vict- ualler. Pet Decll. Jan 20at Il. Cox, St Swithin’s-lane. Garrett, ary, Bolton, Lancaster, Spinster. Nov 13. Asst. Reg Dempsey, — Chrisp-st, Poplar, Draper. Pet Dec 9. Jan 13 at 2. Lay, Poultry. exons, , Wm, Wan, Gt Marlow, Buckinghamshire, Grocer. Dec2. Conv. nee John, Golden-lane, St Luke’s, out of business. Pet Dec9 Pepys. Jan9 at 2, Waring, Bishopsgate-st Without. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. Dec. 21, 1867, Foster, Jas, Oakfield-rd, Penge, Beershop-keeper. Pet Dec 10. Mur- Sumner, Wm, Morley, Chester, Labourer. Pet Dec 7. Southern, ray. Dec 24at12. Hicks, Orchard-st, Portman-sq. Altrincham, Dec 23 at 11. Ambler, Manch. Gladwish, Thos, Prisoner for Debt, London. Pet Dec 9 (for pau). Taylor, Hy, North Hykeham, Lincoin, Miller. Pet Dec 9. Uppleby. Pepys. Jan9atlz. Dobie, Basinghall-st. Lincoln, Dec 31 at 11. Rex, Lincoln. “ Heilbuth, Adolphe, Prisoner for Debt, London. Pet Dec 7 (for pau) Trail, Chas, Shrewsbury, Solop, Civil Engineer. Pet Dec 9. Peele, Brougham. Janl5atl. George,j{Bishopsgate-st Within. Shrewsbury, Dec 30 at 11. Davies, Shrewsbury. Lark, Fredk Marsham, Wood-st, Cheapside, Fancy Milliner. Pet Dec Viccars, Edwa, Gt Horwood, Buckingham, Servant. Pet Dec 9. Hearne, 12. Roche. Dec 24at1. Duffield & Bruty, Tokenhouse-rd. Buckingham, Jan 23 at2. Clark, smng 8 McCombie, Robt, Edward-sq, Caledonian-rd, Attorney’s Clerk. Pet Walker, John, South Killingholme, Lincoln, Wheelwright. Pet Dec 9, Dec 9. Jani5at1l. Dennis, Southampton-bidgs. Brown. Barton-on-Humber, Dec 24 at ll. Stead & Vollans, King. Meadows, Geo, Norwich, China Dealer. Pet Dec 9. Jan 15 at 12. ston-upon-Hull. Brighton, Bishopsgate-st, Without. Weeks, Wm, Lincoln, Hosier. Pet Dec9, Leeds, Jan 8at12. Tweed Milner, Thos, Old Kent-rd, Butcher. PetDecll. Roche. Dec 24at!. Linco! Delmar, Three King-ct, Lombard-st. Webb, Thos, Burslem, Stafford, Potter. Pet Dec 9. Challinor. Han. Rutter, Wm Fras, Newgate-st, Bookseller, Pet Dec 11, Jan 15 at 2: ley, Jan ll at 1). Tennant, Hanley. Courtenay & Co, Gracechurch-st. West, Wm, Truro, Cornwall, Labourer. Pet Dec 9. Chilcott. Truro, Salamony, Antoine Habib, Newton-rd, Bayswater, Clerk. Pet Dec 10. Dec 24 at 11. Carlyon & Paull, Truro. | anaes ae ee 2 Jan l5 atl. Worthington & Plunkett, Milk-st, Wise, Wm, Little Bedwyn, Wilts, Publican. Pet Dec 9. Astley, Scrivener, Wm Piggott, Wood-st, Fancy Milliner. Pet Dec 11, Roche, Hungerford, Dec 23 at 11. Gouler, Hungerford. Dec 24 at 1. Breden, London-wall. Shead, Walter, & Percival Shead, Three Colt-st, Limehouse, Bakers. Tuespay, Dec. 17, 1867. eEeisEed lo ye pEcERE seoi — Dec 11. Pepys. Jan 9 at 2. Smith, White Lion-st, Norton To Surrender in London. = = Ro Abad caps olgate. Balmer, Thos, City-rd, out of business. Pet Dec 13. Murray. Deo Smith, Wm Abbotts, Finsbury-sq, Physician. Pet Dec 10. Murray. 31 at 12. Howard, Quallty-ct, Chancery-lane. pena 24 at 12. Wetherfield & Norton, Gresham-bldgs, Basinghall- Brownrigg, Joseph, Prisoner for Debt. London. Pet Dec 11 (for pau), garden, Brougham, Jan20atli. George. Bishopsgate-st Within. Smith, John, North London Brick Works, Crouch End, Hornsey Rise Carter, Edwd Hunt, Norwich. Pet Dec 13. Jan 20at12. Lawrancg Contractor. Pet Oct 30. Roche. Janlatl. Ashurst & Co, oid & Co, Old Jewry-chambers. SSaerneeee Jewry. Cloke, Edmund, Hastings, Sussex, Coal Merchant. Pet Dec 11. Roche, Solomons, Saml, Bushey, Hertford, Cattle Dealer. Pet Dec 9. Murray. Dec 31 at 11. Miller & Miller,Sherborne-lane. _— Dec 24 at 12. Boydell, Queen-sq, Bloomsbury. Colliver, George Veale, Sutherland-st, Pimlico, Builder. Pet Dec 13, Wainwright, Thos Geo, Melverne-cottages, Hawley-rd, Kentish Town, Jan 20 at 12. Greatorex. Chancery-lane. Ironmonger. Pet Decll. Pepys. Jan 9 at 1. Adams, Pancras- Cooke, Hy Arthur, Old Cavendish-st, Estate Agent. Pet Dec 12, lane, Queen-st, Cheapside. Pepys. Jan l4atli. Chaple, Carter-lane. 7 Wise, Sacre, Park-cottages, Forest-hill, Baker. Pet Dec 9. Murray. Conran, Geo Albert, Westmoreland-pl, Pimlico, Captain in the Second Dec 24at12. Emmet & Co, Bloomsbury-sq. . Tower Hamlets Militia, Pet Dec12. Pepys. Jan14 at 11. Chap- Wise, John, Dunstable, Bedfordshire, no occupation. Pet Dec 7. ple, Carter-lane. Pepys. Jan9atil. Hembery, Staples-inn. Crabb, John, Gravel-lane, Southwark, Stone Mason. Pet Dec 12, To Surrender in the Country. Jan 20 at 12. Jones, New-inn, Strand. Allen, Ghas Gilbert, New Romney, Kent, Plumber. Pet Dec 4. Crawson, John, Chalk Farm-rd, Tobacconist. Pet Dec 10. Pepys. Stringer. Romney, Dec 20 at 12. Minter, Folkestone. Jan9at2. Buchanan, Basinghall-st. Banks, John, Birtley, Durham, Labourer. Pet Dec 9. Ingledew. Cripps, John, Euston-sq, Medical Assistant. Pet Dec 12. Jan 20 Gateshead, Dec 24at 11. Robson, Gateshead, 12. Holmes, London-wall. Bell, Saml, Manch, Tailor. Pet Dec 9. Hulton. Salford, Jan 4 at Garratt, Hy, Portsmouth, Devon, Shipping Agent. Pet Dec 12. Murray, 9.30. Hodgson, Manch, Dec 3l atil. Bennett & Paul, Sise-lane, Bucklersbury. Breden, John, jun, Lpool, Coal Merchant. Pet Dec 10. Hime. Lpool, Hicks, Jas Stephen, New-ct, Goswell-st, Licensed Victualler. Pet Dec Dec 24 at 12. Gray, Lpool. 9, Pepys. Jan9at2. Lewis & Co, Old Jewry. Brice, Wm Stanley, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Draper. Pet Nov 28. Gib- Hood, Emma, Vauxhall-bridge-rd, Pimlico, Lodging-house Keeper. son. Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Jan 8at12. Sale & Co, Manch, Pet Dec 13. Murray. Dee 31 at 11. Roscoe & Hincks, King-st, Bricknell, Wm, Banbury, Oxford, Cabinet Maker. Pet Dec10. Forte- Finsbury-sq. scue, Banbury, Dec 30at 12. Frachillon, Neithrop. Ingmire, Hy Wm, High-st, Bow, Boot Seller, Pet Dec 12. Pepys. Brooks, John, Radstock, Somerset, Excise Officer. Pet Decll. Mes- Jan 14 at 11. Hope, Coleman-st, Bank. siter. Frome, Dee 24 at 11. Dunn, Frome. Jarvis, Wm, Noel-st, Soho, Tailor. Pet Dec 12. Jan l4at 11. Wyatt, Callard, Abraham, Honiten, Devon, Builder, Pet Dec 11, Stamp. Gt James-st, Bedford-row. Honiton, Dec 30 at 11. Gould, Honiton. Laurent, Fras, Dean-st, Soho.sq, Boot Maker, Pet Dec 12. Pepys, Carr, Hy, Bawmarsh, Rotherham, York, File Cutter. Pet Dec 9. Jan 14at fl. Moss, Gracechurch-st. Newman. Rotherham, Jan 20 atl. Sugg, Sheffield. Lawrence, Danl, Prisoner for Debt, London. Pet Dec 13 (for pau). Coilins, John Richd, Landport, Hants, Dealer in Coke. Pet Dec 16. Murray. Dec 3lat12. Dobie, Basinghall-st. H oward. Pertsmouth, Dec 30 at 12. Champ, Portsea, May, Geo, Withybed Corner, Bansteed, nr Epsom, Surrey, Grocer. Collins, Richd, & David Standring, Failsworth, Manch, Papor Manu- Pet Dec 12, Murray. Jan llat1. Michael, Gresham-bidgs. facturers. Pet Dec 9, Harris. Manch,Jan6atli. Sykes, Manch. Perrin, Hy, & Fredk Perrin, Mincing-lane, Merchants. Pet Dec 10. Coppon, Robt, Grimstone, Norfolk, Carpenter. Pet Dec 10, King’s Pepys. Jan9at2. Rae, Mincing-lane. Lynn, Dec 24 at 11. Nurse, King’s Lynn. Reeves, Thos Hy, Brighton, Sussex, Shoeseller. Pet Dec 6. Jan 8 at Dalby, Wm, Atwick-in-Holderness, York, Joiner. Pet Dec 9. Crust. 2. Linklaters & Co, Walbrook. Beverley, Dec 28 at 11. Turner, Beverley. Rofe, Richd, Caledonian-rd, Baker. Pet Dee 9, Jan 13 at 2, Rigby, Dillon, Chas, Bradford, York, Comedian. Pet Dec 7. Leeds, Dec 23 Coleman-st. at ll. Bond & Barwick, Leeds. Smith, Hy John, Douglas-rd, Queen’s-rd, geet, Servant. Pet Eden, Robt Wm, Capponfield, Stafford, Schoolmaster. Pet Dec 9. Dec 14. Jan 20at1. Lewis & Lewis, Ely-pl. Walker. Dudley, Jan 2at 12. Thurstans, Wolverhampton. Upton, Edwin, Tasborough, Norfolk, Farmer. Pet Dec 13. Murray. 24% stobs ut _Eetet Be F 2S 8 2 2 3 5 wo ee a ee Godfrey, Jane, Brynmawr, Brecon, Innkeeper. Pet Dec 1]. Shepard. Dec 31 at 12, Doyle & Edwards, Verulam-buildings, Gray’s-inn. Tredegar, Jan 2 at 11, Jones, Abergavenny. Wales, Geo, Myrtle-rd, Sutton, Woodcutter. Pet Dec 13. Pepys. Jan Halfyard, Hy Gilbert, Crewkerne, Somerset, Professor of Music. Pet 14at12. Marshall, Lincoln’s-inn-fields. : Dec 10. Sparks. Crewkerne, Dec 20at!1. Lang, Crewkerne. Williamson, Alex, Bromley-st, Commercial-rd East, Master Mariner, Hart, Jas, Exmonth, Devon, Contractor. Pet Dec 3. Exeter, Dec 23 Pet Dec 12, Murray. Dec 31 at 11. Keene & Marsland, Lower atl. Floud, Exeter. Thames-st. Heale, Jas, Cadbury, Devon, Licensed Victualler. Pet Dec 10. Exeter, To Surrender in the Country. Dec 23 at 1. Floud, Exeter. Abell, John Robt Wm, Mitcheldean, Glo ter, Surgeon. Pet Deo Ilsley, Fras, Frimley, Surrey, Baker. Pet Dec 10. Hollest. Farn- 14. Wilde, Bristol, Dec 28 at 11. Abell & Coleman, Gloucester. ham, Dec 31 at 12, Eve, Aldershot. Adams, John, Bath, Baker. Pet Dec 9. Smith. Bath, Dec 31 at ll. Jennings, Jas, Ventnor, Isle of Wight, Painter. Pet Dec 7. Blake, Collins, Bath, F Newport, Dec 28 at 12. Wry, Ventnor, Baynes, Thos, West Hartlepool, Durham, Grocer. Pet Dec 14. Child. Jones, Isaac, Pisgah Chapel, Talywain, Monmouth, Mason. Pet Dec Hartlepool, Jan 9 at 11. Brunton, West Hartlepool. Edwards. Pontypool, Dec 30 at 11. Lloyd, Pontypool. Brock, Wm, Plymouth, Devon, Butcher. Pet Dec 16, Exeter, Dec 30 Jones, Hy, Carmarthen, Cabinet Maker. Pet Dec 4. Lloyd. Car- at 12.30. Brian, Plymouth. marthen, Dec 18 at 12. Davies, Carmarthen. Broughton, Thos, Salford, Lancaster, Brewer. Pet Dec 9. Harris. Jones, Wm, Birm, out of business, Pet Dec 10. Tudor. Birm, Jan Manch, Jan 7 atli. Hulton & Lister, Manch. 3 at12. Rowlands, Birm. Bulcock, Wm, Everton, Lancaster, Mason, Pet Dec 13, Lpool, Dec Lawner, Wm Edwin, Tonbridge Wells, Kent, Professor of Music. Pet 30 at i!. Bellringer, Lpool. Dec9. Alleyne. Tonbridge Wells, Dec 30 at 3. Cripps, Ton- Burgess, Robt, Rottingdean, Sussex, Bricklayer. Pet Dec 13, Ever- bridge Wells. shed, Brighton, Jan 2at 11. Runnacles, Brighton. F Lees, Wm, jun, Fairfield, Derby, Farmer. Pet Dec9. Manch, Jan 6 Burton, Wm, Nottingham, Cab Proprietor. Pet Dec 12, Patchitt. at 1. Rodgers, Manch, Nottingham, Feb 5at 10. Belk, Nottingham. Lesson, John, Birm, Beer Retailer. Pet Decl0. Guest. Birm, Jan Chalcraft, Lennox Fredk, Prisoner for Debt, Durham. Adj Dec ll. 10 at 10. Walford, Birm. Marshall. Sunderland, Jan 3 at 12. Longdon, Joséph, Boston, Lincoln, Coal Agent, Pet Dec 10. Tudor. Clewes, Christopher, Tunstall, Stafford, Greengrocer. Pet Dec 12. Birm, Jan 7 at1l. Maples, Nottingham. Challinor. Hanley, Jan 11 at 11. Tomkinson, Burslem. Mellor, Jas. Lees-brook, Oldham, Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, Pet Collins, Thos, Oldham, Lancaster, Cotton Waste Dealer.. Pet Dec 12, Dec 5. Harris. Manch, Jan 13 at 11. Leigh, Manch. Harris. Manch, Jan8 atll. Boote & Rylance, Manch. Murray, Ebenezer, Kent, Photographer. Pet Dec 11. Snowdon, Crowther, Wm, Golcar, York, Fancy Woollen Manufacturer. Pet Dec Ramsgate, Dec 28 at 11. Bowling, Ramsgate, 4. Leeds, Jan6at1l. Moseley, Huddersfield, : Neild, John Hope, Hulme, Manch. PetDec10. Harris. Manch, Jan Carson, Chas, Coventry, Warwick, Watchmaker. Pet Dec li. Kirby. 7at 12. Burton, Manch. Coventry, Dec 31 at 4. Smallbones, Coventry. Reynolds, Hy Edwd, Heigham, Norwich, Grocer’s Assistant. Pet Davies, Benj, Pembroke Dock, Pembroke, Labourer. Pet Dec 14 Dec 10. Palmer. Norwich, Dec 24 at 11. Emerson, Norwich. Lanning. Pembroke, Dec 30 at 10. Lanning, Pembroke Dock. Roberts, John Hy, Ashton-juxta-Birm, Railway Superintendent. Pet Evans, Saml, Prisoner for Debt, Cardiff. Pet Dec 13. Langley. Cat- Dec 10. Tudor, Birm, Jan3at12. Soars, Birm. diff, Dec 31 at 11. Raby, Cardiff. Stanger, Geo, Eaton, Nottingham, Surgeon. Pet Dec 3. Tudor. Fisher, Agnes, Prisoner for Debt, Carlisle. Adj Dec 11. Broatcl, Birm, Dec 17 at 11, Maples, Nottingham, Keswick, Dec 19 at 11. Dec. 21,1867. THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. 167 ew, k, Wavertree, t nr Lpool, Lpoo! Ad vertising sing A; Agent. Pet Pet Dec 12, 12 a Be Dec 30 at 12. Pemberton, Lpool. ANDLES.—A hint to Purchasers.—Do not make pleby, oalley, wm, ‘ero of business. Pet Dec 11. Harley. Bristol, ’ sure that you know what price you are paying per pound for your 7atl2. Clifton. Candles until you have stripped them and put them in the scale. Some Peele, gardiner, Joseph, Gt Malvern, Worcester, out of business. Pet Dec 11. Candles are right weight without the wrappers, some with moderately h, Gt Malvern, Dec 30 ati. Wilson, Worcester. thick wrappers, some with very thick wrappers, and some are not nearly carne, Hales, Jobn, Southwall, Nottingham, Haircutter. Pet Decll. Tudor. right weight with wrappers however thick. PRICE’S ‘‘GOLD MEDAL Birm, Dec 31 at 1!. Ashwell, Nottingham. PALMITINE,” “ SHERWOOD PALMITINE,” “ BELMONT SPERM,”’ Dec 9, foward, John, Birkenhead, Chester, Music Seller. Pet Dec 14, Lpool, and “ BELMONT WAX,” “ BEST,” “No. 2,” °* No. 3,” and “ BATTER- King. Dec 31 at 11. Richardson & Co, Lpool. SEA COMPOSITES,” PRICE’S PARAFFINE,” and “ BELMONTINE,” Howat, Wm, Dudley, Worcester, Travelling Draper. Pet Dec 13, and ali the other candles of Price’s Patent Candle Company (Limited), are Todor, Birm,Jan3at 12. Hodgson & Son, Birm. full weight without the wrappers. Thos, Aberystwith, Cardigan, Draper. Pet Dec 11. Wilde. Wrristol, Dec 28 at 1!. Hulme & Co, Manch. ANDLES, GLYCERINE AND SOAP.—A Gold fnowles, Richd, Bradford, York, Bolt Maker. PetDec13. Jan3 at Medal was awarded at the Paris Exhibition to Price’s Paten 9,15, Hill, Bradford. , Candle Company (Limited) for “‘Candles, Glycerine, and Soap ”—the Iadbury, Hy Augustus, Salop, Newport, Druggist’s Assistant. Pet only one to any British exhibitor for these three things combined. The Dec 13, Tudor. Birm, Jan 3 at 12. Corbett, Worcester. chief Candles of the Company are their “‘ BELMONTINE” and“ PRICE’S Lewis, Jas, Bedminster, Bristol, Baker. Pet Dec 10. Wilde. Bristol, PARAFFINE” for those who must have the extreme transparency of Dec 37 at 11. Henderson, Bristol. pure Paraffine; their ‘GOLD MEDAL PALMITINE” and “ SHER- Mellor, Robt, Shaw, nr Oldham, Lancaster, Cotton Spinner. Pet Dec WOOD PALMITINE,” for those who, while desiring candles of great 14. Harris. Manch, Jan 13 at 11. Sutton & Elliott, Manch. beauty, require also steady brilliancy of light and freedom from smoke Miller, Fras Tatton, Guildford, Surrey, Clerk. Pet Deo 11. Marshall. and smell; their good old-fashioned ** BELMONT SPERM AND WAX,” Guildford, Dec 28 at 3. White, Dane’s-inn, Strand. and “ BEST,” “ No. 2,” No. 3,” & “* BAT'TERSEA” COMPOSITES for Mitchell, Hy, Frome, Somerset, Cabinet Maker. Pet Dec 13. Messiter, those who require only perfect burning without caring for transparency ; Frome, Jan 2 at 11. Dunn, Frome. and their ‘‘ CHAMBER ” Candles, hard, and of small diameter to avoid Newman, John, Earlswood-common, Surrey, Retailer of Beer. Pet the dropping of grease when carried. Dec 12. Head. Reigate, Dec 30 at 2. Brignall, Durham. Their new toilet soap, ‘‘ PRICE’S SOLIDIFIED GLYCERINE,” con- Newton, Jas, Crook, Durham, Beerhouse-keeper. Pet Dec 18. Trotter. tains half its weight of their distilled Glycerine, and should be the one Bishop Auckland, Dec 30 at 3. Brignall, Durham. toilet soap in use, especially in winter, because of its admirable effects Price, Thos John, Defynnock, Breccon, Woollen Draper. Pet Dec 14. in preventing chapping of the hands and face. There ought also to Evans. Brecknock, Dec 30at1, Phillips, Brecon. be in every house one of the sealed bottles of their patent distilled Gly- Richards, Geo Chas, Blyth, Northumberland, Photographer, Pet Dec cerine, known everywhere as ** PRICE’S GLYCERINE,”’ two or three 13, North Shields, Dec 30 at 10. Purvis, South Shields. drops of which, mixed with three or four times as much water, will in a Robinson, Lawrance, Darlington, Durham, Joiner. Pet Dec 11. Bowes day or two remove chapping and roughness of skin, whether of adults or Darlington, Dec 30 at 10. Robinson, Darlington. children ; and when this is effected, a single drop of the undiluted Gly- Rogers, Thos, Fareham, Hants, Baker. Pet Dec13. Howard. Ports- cerine applied once a day will prevent the recurrence of the chapping mouth, Dec 30 at 12. Champ, Portsea. and roughness. Insist on having “ Price’s Glycerine ” in the Company’s m, Hy, Bridgwater, Somerset, Blacksmith. Pet Dec 14. Lovi- own sealed bottles, quantities of cheap impure Glycerine being now sold —. Bridgwater, Dec 30 at 9. Reed & Cook, Bridgwater. in the shops because of the low rate at which the dealers can buy it in Scott, Thos, _— Baker. Pet Dec 12. Lpool, Jan 6 at 11. Rad- comparison with Price's. All the good medital authorities abroad as cliffe, Lpool. well as at home order “ PRICE’S’’as the one only Glycerine te be Smith, ay, Bexey, Lincoln, Farmer. Pet Dec 16. Leeds, Jan8 at 12 used. Rex, Hul “ PRICES NEW PATENT NIGHT LIGHTS,” for burning in the wide Smith, John, Newark-upon-Trent, Nottingham, Coal Merchant. Pet glasses are believed to be the very best Night Lightsmade. ‘‘ PRICE’S Decl!. Newton. Newark, Jan6at10. Ashley, Newark. CHILD’S NIGHT LIGHTS” are known everywhere, and are excellent Stanley, Wm, Monk’s Coppenhall, Chester, Grocer. Pet Dec 12. Brough- for burning without a glass. ton. Nantwich, Jan 9 at 10. Sheppard, Crewe. Tetley, Robt, jun, Bradford, York, Clerk, Pet Dec 13. Bradford, Jan $at9.15. Berry, Bradford. LACK’S SILVER ELECTRO PLATE is a coat- Thorn, Obed, Bedford, Butcher. Pet Dec 12. Austin. Luton, Dec ing of pure Silver over Nickel. A combination of two metals pos- %at4. Scargill, Luton. sessing such valuable properties renders it in appearance and wear equa[ Tunley, John, Lpool, Licensed Victualler. Pet Nov 29. Lpool, Dec to Sterling Silver. Fiddle Pattern. Thread. King's. #%atll. T. & T, Martin, Lpool. £38. d. £s..4 £8nd £8. d Walker, John, York, Joiner. Pet Dec 14. Perkins. York, Jan3 at12. Table Forks,perdoz...... 110 Oandl1 18 0 2 8 0 300 Mason, York. Dessert ditto ...sseeooeee 1 0 Oand! 0 0 115 0 220 Whitbread, John, Piddington, Northampton, Builder. Pet Dec 14. Table Spoons...... 0e. 110 Oandlil®# 0 280 3060 Dennis. Northampton,Jan 4at10. Becke, Northampton. Dessert ditto .....seee002 1 0 Oand1 10 0 115 0 22 06 Whittaker, Geo, Willaston, Chester, Beerseller. Pet Dec 12. Brough- Tea SpOons ...e..eeee002. 912 OandO ls 0 13 6 110 0 ton. Nantwich, Jan9 at 10. Salt, Nantwich. Every Article forthe Table asin Silver. A Sample Tea Spoon for. Williams, Edwd, Bangor, Carnarvon, Labourer. Pet Dec 13. Lpool, warded on receipt of 20 stamps. : Dec 31 at 11. Evans & Co, Lpoel. RICHARD & JOHN SLACK, 336, STRAND, LONDON, Wilson, Jas Archibald Ker, Lpool, Ship Owner. Pet Dec 14. Lpool, Jan6 at 11. Hull & Co, Lpool. LACK’S FENDER AND FIRE-IRON WARE- Wood, Joseph Wm, Wednesbury, Stafford, Ironmonger. Pet Dec 12. HOUSE is the MOST ECONOMICAL, consistent with good quality :— Hill. Birm, Dec 30 at 12. Woodward & Son, Wednesbury. Iron Fenders, $s.6d.; Bronzed ditto, 8s. 6d., with standards; superior Woodford, Fredk Wm, Godshill, Isle ef Wight, out of business. Pet Drawing-room ditto, 14s. 6d. to 50s.; Fire Irons, 2s, 6d. to 20s. Patent Dec ll. Blake. Newport, Dec 28 at 11. Joyce, Newport. Dish Covers, with handles to take off, 18s. setofsix. Table Knives and Wyatt, Geo. Farmborough, Somerset, out of business. Pet Dec 11. Forks, 8s. per dozen. Roasting Jacks, complete, 7s. 6d. Tea-trays, i Bath, Dec 31 at 11. Bartrum, Bath. ls. 6d. setofthree; elegant Papier Maché ditto, 25s. the set. Teapots, BANKRUPTCY ANNULLED. with plated knob, 5s. 6d. ; Coal Scuttles,2s,6d, A set of Kitchen Uten- sils for cottage, £3. Slack’s Cutlery has been celevrated for 50 years, Frrpay, Dec. 13, 1867, Ivory Table Knives, 14s., 16s., and 18s. per dozen. White Bone Knives Campbell, Jas, Cornhill, Tailor. Dec 3, and Forks,8s. 9d. and 12s.; Black Horn ditto, 8s. and i0s, All war- ranted. As the limits of an advertisement will not allow of a detailed list, pur- a LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. chasers are requested to send for their Catalogue, with 350 drawings, and 37, OLD JEWRY, LONDON, E.C. prices of Electro-Plate, Warranted Table Cutlery, Furnishing Ironmon- SOLICITORS are invited to introduce, on behalf of their clients, Pro- gery, &c. Maybe had gratis or postfree, Every article marked in plain _- for Loans on Freehold or Leasehold Property, Reversions, Life figures at the same low prices for which their establishment has been terests, or other adequate securities. celebrated for nearly 50 years. Orders above £2 delivered carriage free Pa may be made in the first instance according to the following er rail. 5p rm :— , RICHARD & JOHN SLACK, 336, STRAND, LONDON, Provosat ror Loan on Montaaces. Opposite Somerset House. Date...... Introduced by (state name and address of solicitor) ILLS OF. COMPLAINT AND ANSWERS Amount required £ Time and mode of repayment (i. ¢., whether for a term certain, or by FOR CASH, 48. 6d. PER PAGE, @nnual or other payments) A Lower Charge tiian has hitherto been offered by the Trade, Security (state shortly the particulars of security, and, if land or build- PRICE IF puT To ACCOUNT, ings, state the net annual income) 10 Copies. 20 Copies. 30 Copies, 50 Copies. State what Life Policy (if any) is proposed to be effected with the 8 pages...... £2 28, Os. £238. Gd. £2 48. 6d. £2 6s. 6d. Gresham Office in connexion with the security. YATES & ALEXANDER, By order of the Board, Law, PARLIAMENTARY, AND GENERAL PRINTERS, F. ALLAN CURTIS, Actuary and Secretary. 7,8, 9, Church Passage, Chancery Lane, E.C. QO SOLICITORS.—The Advertiser, established Over 20 years, Serves all kind of Process, and makes inquiries ATES AND ALEXANDER either in England or abroad, with despatch. Unexceptionable refer- PRINTERS, wo? letter, Arcus, “ Solicitors’ Journal ’’ Office, 59, Carey-street, 7, 8, 9, Church Passage, Chancery Lane, E.C., Parliamentary Bills, Appeals, Bills of Complaint, Memorandums and Articles of Association, Legal Forms, Notices, &c. RTIFICIAL TEETH.—G. H. Jones, Working Prospectuses of Public Companies, Share Certificates, Show Cards, Dentist, begs to callattention to his self-adhesive Incorrodible Cheques, Insurance Tables, Policies, Proposal Forms. Mineral Teeth, warrantedin yery respect; sets from £5.—56, Great Catalogues, Particulars and Conditions of Sale, Posting Bills, and all Hussell-street (opposite the British Museum Entrance). General Printing. 168 THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL & REPORTER. Deo. 21, 1864 —=—=

STANFORD'S ATLASES, Selected from the Maps designed and arranged — eas of the Society for the Diffusion of Usefy) nowledge, With the latest Discoveries and Improvements.

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