Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland 'One Island
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SLÁN 2007 SLÁN 2007 Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland Department of Health and Children Hawkins House Hawkins Street Dublin 2 Tel: +353 (0)1 635 4000 Fax: +353 (0)1 635 4001 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.dohc.gov.ie Published by The Stationery Office, Dublin ‘One Island – One Lifestyle?’ To be purchased from the Government Publications Sales Office Sun Alliance House Molesworth Street, Dublin 2 ‘One Island – One Lifestyle?’ or by mail order from Health and lifestyles in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland: Government Publications Postal Trade Section Comparing the population surveys SLÁN 2007 and NIHSWS 2005 51 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2 [Tel: 01 647 6834; Fax: 01 647 6843] or through any bookseller Printed by Brunswick Press Ltd, Dublin 12 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND CHILDREN, 2009 SLÁN 2007 Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland ‘One Island – One Lifestyle?’ Health and lifestyles in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland: Comparing the population surveys SLÁN 2007 and NIHSWS 2005 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND CHILDREN, 2009 This report should be cited as follows: Ward, M., McGee, H., Morgan, K., Van Lente, E., Layte, R., Barry, M., Watson, D., Shelley, E. and Perry, I. (2009) SLÁN 2007: Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland. ‘One Island – One Lifestyle?’ Health and lifestyles in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland: Comparing the population surveys SLÁN 2007 and NIHSWS 2005, Department of Health and Children. Dublin: The Stationery Office. Copyright © Minister for Health and Children, 2009 Department of Health and Children Hawkins House Hawkins Street Dublin 2 Tel: +353 (0)1 635 4000 Fax: +353 (0)1 635 4001 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.dohc.gov.ie Published by The Stationery Office, Dublin All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of the copyright holder. For rights of translation or reproduction, applications should be made to the Head of Communications, Department of Health and Children, Hawkins House, Hawkins Street, Dublin 2, Ireland ii The SLÁN 2007 ‘One Island – One Lifestyle?’ Report is available to download from www.slan07.ie The authors of this report are: Mark Ward, Hannah McGee, Karen Morgan, Eric Van Lente, Richard Layte, Margaret M. Barry, Dorothy Watson, Emer Shelley and Ivan Perry Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Economic and Social Research Institute University College, Cork National University of Ireland, Galway iii Reports based on the SLÁN 2007 survey Barry, M.M., Van Lente, E., Molcho, M., Morgan, K., McGee, H., Conroy, R., Watson, D., Shelley, E. and Perry, I. (2009) SLÁN 2007: Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland. Mental Health and Social Well-being Report, Department of Health and Children. Dublin: The Stationery Office. Brugha, R., Tully, N., Dicker, P., Shelley, E., Ward, M., McGee, H., Watson, D., Perry, I. and Barry, M. (2009) SLÁN 2007: Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland. Smoking Patterns in Ireland: Implications for policy and services, Department of Health and Children. Dublin: The Stationery Office. Harrington, J., Perry, I., Lutomski, J., Morgan, K., McGee, H., Shelley, E., Watson, D. and Barry, M. (2008) SLÁN 2007: Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland. Dietary Habits of the Irish Population, Department of Health and Children. Dublin: The Stationery Office. Molcho, M., Barry, M., Van Lente, E., McGee, H., Watson, D. and Perry, I. (2009) SLÁN 2007: Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland. Injuries in Ireland: An overview of medically attended injuries, Department of Health and Children (forthcoming). Morgan, K., McGee, H., Watson, D., Perry, I., Barry, M., Shelley, E., Harrington, J., Molcho, M., Layte, R., Tully, N., Van Lente, E., Ward, M., Lutomski, J., Conroy, R. and Brugha, R. (2008) SLÁN 2007: Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland. Main Report, Department of Health and Children. Dublin: The Stationery Office. Morgan, K., McGee, H., Dicker, P., Ward, M., Brugha, R., Shelley, E., Watson, D., Barry, M. and Perry, I. (2009) SLÁN 2007: Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland. Alcohol use in Ireland: A profile of drinking patterns and drinking-related harm from SLÁN 2007,Department of Health and Children (forthcoming). Ward, M., McGee, H., Morgan, K., Van Lente, E., Layte, R., Barry, M., Watson, D. and Perry, I. (2009) SLÁN 2007: Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland. ‘One Island – One Lifestyle?’ Health and lifestyles in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland: Comparing the population surveys SLÁN 2007 and NIHSWS 2005, Department of Health and Children. Dublin: The Stationery Office. iv CONTENTS Reports based on the SLÁN 2007 survey iv List of Tables vii List of Figures x Acknowledgements xi Acronyms used xii Executive Summary 1 Introduction and methods 2 General health and well-being 3 Mental health 3 Health service use 3 Cancer screening 3 Breastfeeding 4 Body weight and weight management 4 Smoking 4 Alcohol 4 Physical activity 5 Diet and nutrition 5 Problems in the social environment 6 Discussion and conclusions 6 1. Introduction 7 Population surveys in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland 8 Comparing health systems in the Republic and Northern Ireland 9 European comparisons 10 All-Ireland cooperation on health issues 11 2. Methodology 13 Comparison of methods in SLÁN 2007 and NIHSWS 2005 14 SLÁN 2007 sampling and weighting 14 NIHSWS 2005 sampling and weighting 15 Comparability of key indices across surveys 17 Data analysis 17 Presentation of results 18 v 3. General health and well-being 19 Quality of life 20 Self-rated general health 22 Chronic illness 24 Mental health 27 4. Health service use and indicators of a health-promoting system 29 Attending a general practitioner 30 Hospital use 32 Screening – Cervical and breast cancer 35 Breastfeeding 39 5. Health behaviours – Profiles 41 Body weight: Measured body mass index 42 Weight management 44 Smoking 46 Advice on smoking 49 Alcohol 51 Drinking status – Abstinence 52 Frequency of drinking 54 Drinking above the recommended weekly limit 55 Levels of physical activity 57 Physical activity over the last 6 months 59 Diet and nutrition 61 6. Problems in the social environment 65 7. Discussion 69 General findings 70 Recommendations 72 SLÁN 2007 Project Team 74 References 77 Appendices Appendix 1: Overview of SLÁN 2007 and NIHSWS 2005 surveys 86 Appendix 2: Sampling and weighting 87 Appendix 3: General health and well-being 88 Appendix 4: Diet and nutrition 95 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Summary of survey methods in SLÁN 2007 and NIHSWS 2005 14 Table 2: Socio-demographic characteristics of respondents in SLÁN 2007 compared to characteristics of population from Census 2006 15 Table 3: Socio-demographic characteristics of respondents in NIHSWS 2005 compared to characteristics of population from Census 2001 16 Table 4: Self-rated quality of life, by gender, age and social class (%) 21 Table 5: Self-rated general health, by gender, age and social class (%) 23 Table 6: Comparison of self-rated health across adult population surveys in Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (%) 24 Table 7: Respondents diagnosed with a chronic illness, by gender, age and social class (%) 25 Table 8: Respondents diagnosed with a chronic illness (%) 26 Table 9: Attending a GP in the previous 12 months, by gender, age and social class (%) 31 Table 10: Hospitalisation as an in-patient for overnight or longer in the previous year, by gender, age and social class (%) 33 Table 11: Attending hospital for a day procedure in the previous 12 months, by gender, age and social class (%) 35 Table 12: Cervical smear in last 12 months for women aged 20-64, by age and social class (%) 36 Table 13: Breast screening in last 12 months for women aged 50-64, by age and social class (%) 38 vii Table 14: Women who breastfed their children in Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, by age and social class (%) 40 Table 15: Measured BMI, by gender, age and social class (%) 43 Table 16: Trying to lose or gain weight, by gender, age and social class (%) 45 Table 17: Smoking status, by gender, age and social class (%) 48 Table 18: Current smokers who visited a GP and were advised to give up smoking, by gender, age and social class (%) 50 Table 19: Abstinence: ‘Do not drink alcohol’ in the last 12 months, by gender, age and social class (%) 53 Table 20: Respondents who drank alcohol in the last 12 months by frequency of drinking, by gender, age and social class (%) 55 Table 21: Respondents who drank above the recommended upper limit of units of alcohol per week, by gender, age and social class (%) 56 Table 22: Physical activity scores (IPAQ), by gender, age and social class (%) 59 Table 23: Level of physical activity in last 6 months, by gender, age and social class (%) 61 Table 24: Portion of fruit consumed at least once a day, by gender, age and social class (%) 63 Table 25: Portion of salad or vegetables consumed at least once a day, by gender, age and social class (%) 64 Table 26: Percentage of respondents who reported 4 social problems as ‘a big problem’ in Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, by gender, age and social class (%) 67 viii Appendices Table A1-1: Overview of main components of SLÁN 2007 and NIHSWS 2005 86 Table A3-1: Self-rated quality of