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ALEXANDER LUKASHENKO Dictator with a Difference E May EUR PE 2020 Diplomatic magazine PROLIFERATION OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION: Friends, enemies and loopholes - Part 2 JUSTICE DELAYED The downing of flight MH17 on trial ALEXANDER LUKASHENKO Dictator with a difference E 3 BRUSSELS - PARIS - GENEVA - MONACO EUROPEDIPLOMATIC IN THIS ISSUE n Alexander Lukashenko Dictator with a difference ...............................................................................p.6 n Justice delayed The downing of flight MH17 on trial ...........................................p.16 n Kennedy assassination Bullets preserved in digital form ................................................ p. 22 6 n Digitalisation of aircraft cabins Enabling innovations for tomorrow's passengers ................................................................................. p. 24 n Ecall: 2 years of saving lives ............................................................................................................................................................. p. 26 24 n Friends, enemies and loopholes - Part 2 Military proliferation through the back door ................................................................................................... p. 27 n Gilead Manufacturing a cure to help address covid-19 ........................................ p. 34 n Shaming Caesar The corona virus changes the world .................................................................... p. 36 36 n More dangerous than enemies Ukraine Security Service officer charged with spying ..................................................................... p. 42 n The Geopolitics of the Corona The most international crisis of history ...................................................................................................................... p. 46 46 n Playing out of tune Europe’s discordant reaction to a pandemic. ........... p. 48 n Briefs News around Europe ............................................................................................................................................................. p. 54 n Timeless Chic Standout fashion and beauty trends ...................................................................... p. 56 54 n Books Our selection ......................................................................................................................................................................................... p. 58 EUR PE “EUROPE DIPLOMATIC MAGAZINE” is characterized by a very open editorial line that allows it to capture all the themes that affect directly or indirectly the European political, economic, social and security issues. Whether piracy in the Gulf of Aden Diplomatic and its threats to the global economy, articles about political leaders, geostrategic situations or technological developments magazine affecting our civilization, Europe Diplomatic Magazine strives to work in comparing opinions and providing an objective analysis based on extensive research. For a wide audience composed of both members of the diplomatic corps, lobbyists, international officials or academics, the magazine gives everyone the necessary and useful information about all topics that make up our daily lives. Covering sensitive issues such as nuclear, the rise of Islamism and energy dependence, the magazine opens its pages to recognized specialists who would like to express first order and exclusive information. But Europe Diplomatic Magazine is not only a source of information on recent topics. It is also addressing older facts with deep thought fur further analysis. Whether it’s news, security, diplomacy, technology, energy, terrorism, European affairs, no subject is treated superficially. Europe Diplomatic Magazine is an independent media, conveying balanced ideas of openness and analysis based on almost 30 years of experience in the journalistic world. Visit our site and please give us your comments: https://europe-diplomatic.eu/ [email protected] 3 EUROPEDIPLOMATIC Nikola Hendrickx 4 EUROPEDIPLOMATIC EDITORIAL SEVEN TESTS THE PANDEMIC POSES FOR THE EUROPEAN UNION The coronavirus pandemic has devastated Europe, parti- The government has issued an emergency decree to be en- cularly Italy and Spain. forced during the pandemic but which has no end date, no However, it has also tested and continues to challenge all judicial supervision and no effective decision and oversight the other member states’ political, economic and medi- by the parliament. cal resources and responses to this sudden health emer- Thus far, the European Union’s response has been very gency. muted. The first test was in the humanitarian area. As Italy was The fifth test: leadership. devastated by the coronavirus, it reached out to other member states to ask for emergency humanitarian assis- Here, individual EU leaders such as German Chancellor tance. This concerned protective masks and other medical Angela Merkel, French President Emmanuel Macron and equipment. However, there was no tangible response to the Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte have taken big steps Italian request. forward. Others have struggled, especially British Prime This situation encouraged other countries such as Russia Minister Boris Johnson who was himself infected with the and China to step in and provide the humanitarian assis- virus and had to be hospitalized. tance Italy had requested. This has also impacted the Spanish government, a very new Thankfully, European Union member states did unders- and very fragile minority government. tand the gravity of the situation rapidly and the fact that We are starting to see the strains of politics in the initial they had not given the proper response to Italy’s request. response to the pandemic. They then provided protective masks and other aid that The sixth test has been in the area of geopolitics. helped ease the strain on Italian hospitals and the highly Here again, we have seen China and Russia trying to use overstretched medical infrastructure in that country. their ‘soft power’ in the form of humanitarian aid but also The second test was on coordination on border closures Russia resort to disinformation. and confinement procedures. So, we are realising that the great struggle for power doesn’t Here again, the European Union failed to act in a concerted end with the pandemic; we are seeing it being used as a manner; individual countries made their own national unique tool. decisions regarding cross-border activities as well as mea- sures to keep their populations in safe confinement. The seventh and final test is really about the future. The third test - one that has been the most visible – was in Can the EU decide on a new, ambitious agenda? Will all the financial area. those funds be used simply for recovery from the pande- The European Central Bank provided economic and finan- mic? Or will they be used for funding Europe’s ambitions, cial support to pandemic-stricken countries, particularly to such as the new Green New Deal and the digital economy? Italy and Spain. And again, getting back to those Eurobonds and Co- Here, an enormous amount of fire power has been brought ronabonds, if additional support is needed by various to bear but if additional measures are required, the EU will member states, will they agree to debt mutualisation or will be forced to revisit a question that has proved very divisive: this issue strain the European Union to a breaking point? the creation of Eurobonds or ‘Coronabonds’. The impact of this pandemic is not on just our daily lives This is a mechanism designed for debt mutualisation. In a and our health but primarily on our economy, on our poli- nutshell, this amounts to the debt of one Eurozone member tics, on our morality, on the way we deal with asymmetric becoming the debt of all other members. and symmetric threats. Through ‘Coronabond’, a member state can ask for a loan This pandemic, like all pandemics has these two separate to finance its response actions in the fields of health care, but of course related aspects: hospitals, military and police expenses as well as extraordi- nary ones such as emergency measures regarding the coro- One is the impact on our health and the way it changes our navirus pandemic. lives with confinement, with the cessation of normal activi- ties and the fear of illness. This debt would then be shared among all member states. This is something that the northern European countries, But at the same time, this pandemic has spread throughout Germany, The Netherlands, Austria and Finland in parti- the global political economy and has begun a process that cular do not agree to. That will indeed be a very big test for could, if left unchecked, lead to economic chaos and its Europe. subsequent fallout on society as a whole. The fourth test: democracy. The time has come for the the European Union to show Here, very specifically in the case of Hungary and its go- that it can and will indeed act as a UNION. vernment, democracy seems to be failing. Trajan Dereville 5 EUROPEDIPLOMATIC ALEXANDER LUKASHENKO Dictator with a difference As countries around the world effectively shut down to tackle the spread of the coronavirus, the authoritarian president of Belarus was urging citizens to drink vodka – when not at work - and visit the sauna at least twice a week to stay healthy. A global health crisis has prompted governments worldwide to impose draconian measures on the daily lives of hundreds of millions of people. The restrictions range from confinement and school closures to strict regulations on social distancing
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