DOCSLIB.ORG

Applied Mycology / Edited by Mahendra Rai and Paul Dennis Bridge

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

APPLIED MYCOLOGY This page intentionally left blank APPLIED MYCOLOGY Edited by Mahendra Rai SGB Amravati University, India and Paul Dennis Bridge British Antarctic Survey, UK CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI Head Office CABI North American Office Nosworthy Way 875 Massachusetts Avenue Wallingford 7th Floor Oxon OX10 8DE Cambridge, MA 02139 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 617 395 4056 Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Fax: +1 617 354 6875 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org © CAB International 2009. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Applied mycology / edited by Mahendra Rai and Paul Dennis Bridge. p. cm. ISBN 978-1-84593-534-4 (alk. paper) 1. Mycology. I. Rai, Mahendra. II. Bridge, P. D. III. Title. QK603.A647 2009 579.5--dc22 2009001597 ISBN-13: 978 1 84593 534 4 Typeset by Columns Design, Reading, UK. Printed and bound in the UK by the MPG Books Group. The paper used for the text pages in this book is FSC certified. The FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) is an international network to promote responsible management of the world’s forests. Contents Contributors vii Preface x Part I: Overview 1 Mycology: a Neglected Megascience 1 David L. Hawksworth Part II: Environment, Agriculture and Forestry 2 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Symbiosis under Stress Conditions: Ecological Implications of Drought, Flooding and Salinity 17 Ileana V. García and Rodolfo E. Mendoza 3 An Overview of Ochratoxin Research 38 János Varga, Sándor Kocsubé, Zsanett Péteri and Robert A. Samson 4 Improvement of Controlled Mycorrhizal Usage in Forest Nurseries 56 Robin Duponnois, D. Diouf, A. Galiana and Y. Prin 5 Fungi in the Tree Canopy: an Appraisal 73 K.R. Sridhar 6 Ecology of Endophytic Fungi Associated with Leaf Litter Decomposition 92 Takashi Osono and Dai Hirose v vi Contents Part III: Food, Food Products and Medicine 7 Brewing Yeast in Action: Beer Fermentation 110 Pieter J. Verbelen and Freddy R. Delvaux 8 Genomic Adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Inhibitors for Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion to Ethanol 136 Zonglin Lewis Liu and Mingzhou Song 9 Spoilage Yeasts and Other Fungi: their Roles in Modern Enology 156 Manuel Malfeito-Ferreira and Virgilio Loureiro 10 Medicinal Potential of Ganoderma lucidum 173 Daniel Sliva 11 Current Advances in Dematiaceous Mycotic Infections 197 Sanjay G. Revankar Part IV: Biotechnology and Emerging Science 12 Biotechnological Aspects of Trichoderma spp. 216 A.M. Rincón, T. Benítez, A.C. Codón and M.A. Moreno-Mateos 13 Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a Molecular Tool for the Study of Fungal Pathogens 239 Carol M. McClelland and Brian L. Wickes 14 Myconanotechnology: a New and Emerging Science 258 Mahendra Rai, Alka Yadav, Paul Bridge and Aniket Gade 15 Current Advances in Fungal Chitinases 268 Duochuan Li and Anna Li 16 Extracellular Proteases of Mycoparasitic and Nematophagous Fungi 290 László Kredics, Sándor Kocsubé, Zsuzsanna Antal, Lóránt Hatvani, László Manczinger and Csaba Vágvölgyi Index 308 Contributors Zsuzsanna Antal, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Közép fasor 52., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary T. Benítez, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Sevilla, España; Tel: 0034 954557109 Fax: 0034 954557103, E-mail: [email protected] Paul Bridge, British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Rd, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK; E-mail: [email protected] A.C. Codón, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Seville, Spain; Tel: 0034 954557112, Fax: 0034 954557103, E-mail: [email protected] Freddy R. Delvaux, Centre for Malting and Brewing Science, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 22, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium D. Diouf, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Faculté de Sciences et Techniques. Département de biologie végétale, BP 5005, Dakar, Sénégal Robin Duponnois, IRD, UMR 113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SUPAGRO/UM2, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM), Montpellier, France; E-mail: [email protected] Aniket Gade, Department of Biotechnology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati, PIN-444 602, Maharashtra, India A. Galiana, IRD. Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD / ISRA / UCAD, Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, BP 1386, Dakar, Sénégal Ileana V. García, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” (MACN-CONICET), Argentina, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470 (C1405DJR); Tel: 4982-6595, int 160, Fax: int 172, E-mail: [email protected] Lóránt Hatvani, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Közép fasor 52., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary David L. Hawksworth, Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, Ciudad vii viii Contributors Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain; Natural & Social Sciences, University of Gloucestershire Campus, Swindon Road, Cheltenham GL50 4AZ, UK; University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, UK; and Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; E-mail: [email protected] Dai Hirose, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba 274-8555, Japan Sándor Kocsubé, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Kozep fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; E-mail: [email protected] László Kredics, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Közép fasor 52., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; Tel: 3662544516; Fax: 3662544823; E-mail: [email protected] Anna Li, Department of Plant Pathology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China Duochuan Li, Department of Plant Pathology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China; Tel: 86-538-8249071, Fax: 86-538-8226399, E-mail: [email protected] Zonglin Lewis Liu, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N University Street, Peoria, IL 61604 USA; Tel: 1 309 681 6294; Fax: 1 309 681 6693; E-mail: [email protected] V. Loureiro, Departamento de Botânica e Engenharia Biológica Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Technical University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017, Lisboa, Portugal Manuel Malfeito-Ferreira, Departamento de Botânica e Engenharia Biológica Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Technical University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; Tel: +351 21 3653448, Fax: 21 3653238; E-mail: [email protected] László Manczinger, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Közép fasor 52., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary Carol M. McClelland, Department of Biology, McMurry University, Abilene, TX, USA Rodolfo E. Mendoza, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” (MACN-CONICET), Argentina; E-mail: [email protected] M.A. Moreno-Mateos, Departamento de Señalización celular, Centro Andaluz de Medicina Regenerativa y Biología Molecular. Edif. CABIMER - Avda. Américo Vespucio s/n. Parque Científico y Tecnológico Cartuja 93. 41092 Sevilla, España; Tel: 0034 954467838, Fax: 0034954461664, E-mail: miguelangel. [email protected] Takashi Osono, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Shiga 520-2113, Japan, Tel: 81 77 549 8252, Fax: 81 77 549 8201; E-mail: tosono@ecology. kyoto-u.ac.jp Zsanett Péteri, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Kozep fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; E-mail: [email protected] Y. Prin, CIRAD, UMR 113 CIRAD/INRA/IRD/SUPAGRO/UM2, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM), Montpellier, France. Contributors ix Mahendra Rai, Department of Biotechnology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati, PIN-444 602, Maharashtra, India; Tel: 91-721-2667380, Fax: 91-721-2660949, E-mail: [email protected] Sanjay G. Revankar, Harper University Hospital, 3990 John R. St., 5 Hudson Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Tel: (313) 745-8599, Fax: (313) 993-0302, E-mail: [email protected] A.M. Rincón, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Sevilla, España; Tel: 0034 954556230 Fax: 0034 954557103, E-mail: [email protected] Robert A. Samson, CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; E-mail: [email protected] Daniel Sliva, Cancer Research Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, 1800 N Capitol Ave, E504, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Tel: (317) 962-5731; Fax: (317) 962-9369; E-mail: [email protected] Mingzhou Song, Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, MSC CS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA K.R. Sridhar, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore 574 199, Karnataka, India; E-mail: [email protected] Csaba Vágvölgyi, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Közép fasor 52., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary János Varga, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Faculty of Science and Informatics, Kozep fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; Tel: 3662544515;
Recommended publications
  • Phylogeny and Systematics of the Genus Calonectria

    Phylogeny and Systematics of the Genus Calonectria

    available online at www.studiesinmycology.org Studies in Mycology 66: 31–69. 2010. doi:10.3114/sim.2010.66.03 Phylogeny and systematics of the genus Calonectria L. Lombard1*, P.W. Crous2, B.D. Wingfield3 and M.J. Wingfield1 1Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; 2CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; 3Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa *Correspondence: Lorenzo Lombard, [email protected] Abstract: Species of Calonectria are important plant pathogens, several of which have a worldwide distribution. Contemporary taxonomic studies on these fungi have chiefly relied on DNA sequence comparisons of the β-tubulin gene region. Despite many new species being described, there has been no phylogenetic synthesis for the group since the last monographic study almost a decade ago. In the present study, the identity of a large collection of Calonectria isolates from various geographic regions was determined using morphological and DNA sequence comparisons. This resulted in the discovery of seven new species; Ca. densa, Ca. eucalypti, Ca. humicola, Ca. orientalis, Ca. pini, Ca. pseudoscoparia and Ca. sulawesiensis, bringing the total number of currently accepted Calonectria species to 68. A multigene phylogeny was subsequently constructed for all available Calonectria spp., employing seven gene regions, namely actin, β-tubulin, calmodulin, histone H3, the internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 and the 5.8S gene of the ribosomal RNA, 28S large subunit RNA gene and translation elongation 1-alpha.
  • Significance of Ectomycorrhizae in Forest Ecosystems of India

    Significance of Ectomycorrhizae in Forest Ecosystems of India

    Volume-5, Issue-1, Jan-Mar-2015, Coden: IJPAJX-USA, Copyrights@2015, ISSN-2231-4490 Received: 11th Oct-2014 Revised: 26th Oct-2014 Accepted: 29th Oct-2014 Review article SIGNIFICANCE OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAE IN FOREST ECOSYSTEMS OF INDIA C. Sandeepa*, V. Mohanb and Syam Viswanatha aTree Improvement and Genetics Division, Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bangalore -560003 bForest Protection Division, Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore-641002 * Corresponding Author, e-mail: [email protected], Mobile: 9886778079 ABSTRACT: The biodiversity of Indian forest ecosystem is under serious threat from the last two decade and the endemic plants of Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats as well as few important keystone species which also form climax species in Himalayan regions are facing elimination due to habitat loss. Causes for rapid depletion of forest ecosystem in India has been due to over exploitation, overgrazing, poor regeneration, widespread logging, and rapid increase in human population, tourism, removal of leaf and wood litter from the forests floor, demand for fuel wood, fodder, timber and diversion of forestlands for agriculture. Intensive or extensive inventorying and monitoring “hot spots” of biodiversity has thus become a difficult task to achieve for Indian foresters and ecologists. Ectomycorrhizal diversity with important tree species of India is still in the exploratory phase. Any amount of ectomycorrhizal association in tree seedlings is hence needed rather than no ectomycorrhizal association and some species of ectomycorrhizal fungi can be more useful to trees, in certain geographical and environmental conditions, than others. Therefore these fungal species should be effectively managed and applied. Keywords: Western Ghats, Ectomycorrhizal fungi, Endemics, Exotics, Keystone and Climax.
  • Chemical Elements in Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes

    Chemical Elements in Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes

    Chemical elements in Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes The reference mushrooms as instruments for investigating bioindication and biodiversity Roberto Cenci, Luigi Cocchi, Orlando Petrini, Fabrizio Sena, Carmine Siniscalco, Luciano Vescovi Editors: R. M. Cenci and F. Sena EUR 24415 EN 2011 1 The mission of the JRC-IES is to provide scientific-technical support to the European Union’s policies for the protection and sustainable development of the European and global environment. European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and Sustainability Via E.Fermi, 2749 I-21027 Ispra (VA) Italy Legal Notice Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication. Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed. A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server http://europa.eu/ JRC Catalogue number: LB-NA-24415-EN-C Editors: R. M. Cenci and F. Sena JRC65050 EUR 24415 EN ISBN 978-92-79-20395-4 ISSN 1018-5593 doi:10.2788/22228 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union Translation: Dr. Luca Umidi © European Union, 2011 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged Printed in Italy 2 Attached to this document is a CD containing: • A PDF copy of this document • Information regarding the soil and mushroom sampling site locations • Analytical data (ca, 300,000) on total samples of soils and mushrooms analysed (ca, 10,000) • The descriptive statistics for all genera and species analysed • Maps showing the distribution of concentrations of inorganic elements in mushrooms • Maps showing the distribution of concentrations of inorganic elements in soils 3 Contact information: Address: Roberto M.
  • Isolation and Regeneration of Protoplasts from Laccaria Fraterna - an Ectomycorrhizal Fungus

    Isolation and Regeneration of Protoplasts from Laccaria Fraterna - an Ectomycorrhizal Fungus

    Indian Journal of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Vol 3(1), 22–30, January 2014 Isolation and Regeneration of Protoplasts from Laccaria Fraterna - an Ectomycorrhizal Fungus S. A. Anithachristy1*, M. Arunmani2 and Viji Sitther3 1Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; [email protected] 2Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA 3Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA Abstract Laccaria fraterna, An efficient method for high yields of protoplast isolation and regeneration and viability was achieved in L. fraterna an ectomycorrhizal8 fungus. In this study, we standardized the optimal conditions such as mycelial age, temperature, pH × and osmotic stabilizers for the release and regeneration of protoplasts in . Maximum number of protoplasts (5.1 10 ) was isolated from 4 day old mycelia suspended in an osmotically stabilized MMC buffer (pH 5.0) with 0.5 M man- nitol and 10 mg/mL Novozyme 234. Maximum yields of protoplasts were released from the mycelium using Novozyme 234 after 3 h. Protoplasts exhibited two kinds of regeneration patterns in liquid media and one in solid medium. Almost all the protoplastsEucalyptus were globulus nucleated and viable as observed by acridine orange and fluorescein diacetate staining. The regeneration frequency was as high as 36% under optimal conditions. When colonies from regenerated protoplasts were inoculated with , few plants showed ectomycorrhizal association. Results of this study indicate that this fungus could be potentially used in transformation, protoplast fusion and other genetic studies. Keywords: Laccaria fraterna Ectomycorrhizal Fungus, , Novozyme 234, Protoplasts, Regeneration Patterns. 1. Introduction Optimization of conditions for the isolation, regeneration and fusion of protoplasts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has Ectomycorrhizal Fungi (EMF) that live in symbiotic opened new avenues for genetic and molecular biology association with roots of most terrestrial plants play an studies in several filamentous fungi5.
  • Characterization of Sheath Rot Pathogens from Major Rice-Growing

    Characterization of Sheath Rot Pathogens from Major Rice-Growing

    Promotor: Prof. Dr. Ir. Monica Höfte Laboratory of Phytopathology Department of Crop Protection Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Co-Promoter: Dr. Ir. Obedi I. Nyamangyoku Department of Crop Science School of agriculture, Rural Development and Agricultural Economics College of Agriculture, Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine University of Rwanda, RWANDA Dean : Prof. Dr. Ir. Marc Van Meirvenne Rector : Prof. Dr. Anne De Paepe ii Ir. Vincent de Paul Bigirimana Characterization of sheath rot pathogens from major rice- growing areas in Rwanda Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor (PhD) in Applied Biological Sciences iii Dutch translation of the title: Karakterisatie van pathogenen die “sheath rot” veroorzaken in de belangrijkste rijstgebieden in Rwanda Cover illustration: Some sheath rot disease features: - Left upper side: microscopic picture of the reverse side of Fusarium andiyazi isolate RFNG10 on PDA medium; - Left lower side: microscopic picture of the front side of Fusarium andiyazi isolate RFNG10 isolate on PDA medium; - Center: illustration of rice sheath rot symptoms on a rice plant; - Right side: illustration of a phylogenetic tree of Pseudomonas isolates associated with rice sheath rot symptoms in Rwanda and the Philippines. This work was financially supported by a PhD grant from the Belgian Technical Cooperation (BTC) (reference number: 10RWA/0018). Additional funding was provided by the Ghent University. Cite as: BIGIRIMANA V.P. 2016. Characterisation of sheath rot pathogens from major rice-growing areas in Rwanda. PhD thesis, Ghent University, Belgium. ISBN Number: 978-90-5989-904-9 The author and the Promoters give the authorization to consult and to copy parts of this work for personal use only.
  • Investigating Soilborne Nectriaceous Fungi Impacting Avocado Tree

    Investigating Soilborne Nectriaceous Fungi Impacting Avocado Tree

    Investigating soilborne nectriaceous fungi impacting avocado tree establishment in Australia Louisamarie Elicano Parkinson Bachelor of Biotechnology (Honours Class 1) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2017 Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation 1 Abstract Black root rot is a severe disease of nursery avocado trees and orchard transplants caused by soilborne fungal pathogens in the Nectriaceae family. The genera reported to be associated with black root rot are Calonectria, Cylindrocladiella, Dactylonectria, Gliocladiopsis and Ilyonectria. These genera have not been widely studied in avocado, although the disease causes significant commercial loss, with symptoms including black, rotten roots; tree stunting; leaf wilt; and rapid tree decline and death. This PhD research aims to i) identify the nectriaceous fungal species found in avocado roots in Australia, using morphological studies and molecular phylogenetic analyses of fungal gene sequences; ii) to perform pathogenicity tests on avocado seedlings and fruit to determine the pathogenic species; iii) to investigate whether the pathogens produce phytotoxic exudates which induce and facilitate disease symptom development; iv) and to use the generated gene sequence data to develop a molecular diagnostic for rapidly detecting the pathogens. Fungal isolates were obtained from symptomatic roots from sick and healthy avocado trees, nursery stock, young orchard transplants and mature established orchard trees from all growing regions in Australia, and from other host species. Bayesian inference and Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of concatenated ITS, β-tubulin and histone H3 gene loci were used to identify and classify 153 Nectriaceae isolates in the genera Calonectria, Cylindrocladiella, Dactylonectria, Gliocladiopsis, Ilyonectria and Mariannaea.
  • Laccaria Fraterna (Cooke & Massee) Pegler

    Laccaria Fraterna (Cooke & Massee) Pegler

    Laccaria fraterna (Cooke & Massee) Pegler Reino: Fungi División: Basidiomycota Subdivisión: Agaricomycotina Clase: Agaricomycetes Orden: Agaricales Familia: Hydnangiaceae DISTRIBUCIÓN NATIVA Australia. DISTRIBUCIÓN MUNDIAL Citada para Europa, norte de África, norte y sur de América, aunque su distribución pudiera coincidir con todos los países donde se ha introducido Eucaliptos a la cual está asociada. DISTRIBUCIÓN EN CANARIAS Se cita como naturalizada en Tenerife, La Gomera y Gran Canaria La Gomera, Tenerife y Gran Canaria. REQUERIMIENTOS DEL HÁBITAT Fructifica exclusivamente como micorrizógeno asociado fundamentalmente a especies de Eucalyptus, a lo largo del otoño hasta principios de primavera. Páginas 1 de 3 Laccaria fraterna (Cooke & Massee) Pegler LONGEVIDAD/FORMA DE VIDA Hongo de talo micelial y cuerpo fructífero (basidioma) carnoso. La longevidad de un individuo se desconoce pero presumiblemente puede alcanzar cientos de años. MADUREZ SEXUAL Dependiendo de las condiciones ambientales, normalmente anual. TIPO DE REPRODUCCIÓN Sexual (esporas). PRODUCCIÓN DE SEMILLAS/PLANTA Se desconoce el número de esporas producidas, pero presumiblemente millares por basidioma (cuerpo fructífero). RESISTENCIA A FACTORES EXTERNOS Las esporas constituyen elementos resistentes a condiciones ambientales adversas. MODO DE DISPERSIÓN Cointroducido con los eucaliptos introducidos en las islas. FECHAS O PERIODOS DE INTRODUCCIÓN En la isla de Canarias en el año 1980. VÍAS DE INTRODUCCIÓN En la isla de Gran Canaria en el área de Agricultura con una introducción vía Polizón. En la isla de Tenerife en el área de Agricultura con una introducción vía Polizón. En la isla de La Gomera en el área de Agricultura con una introducción vía Polizón. IMPACTO EN CANARIAS SOBRE HÁBITATS Dinámica de nutrientes. Páginas 2 de 3 Laccaria fraterna (Cooke & Massee) Pegler IMPACTO EN CANARIAS SOBRE ESPECIES ENDÉMICAS, NATIVAS O Competencia, reducción o alteración por el espacio o los recursos y Facilitan el desarrollo de otras especies invasoras.
  • Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes) from Decaying Palm Leaves in Thailand

    Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes) from Decaying Palm Leaves in Thailand

    Mycosphere Baipadisphaeria gen. nov., a freshwater ascomycete (Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes) from decaying palm leaves in Thailand Pinruan U1, Rungjindamai N2, Sakayaroj J2, Lumyong S1, Hyde KD3 and Jones EBG2* 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand 2BIOTEC Bioresources Technology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, NSTDA, 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong 1, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand 3School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand Pinruan U, Rungjindamai N, Sakayaroj J, Lumyong S, Hyde KD, Jones EBG 2010 – Baipadisphaeria gen. nov., a freshwater ascomycete (Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes) from decaying palm leaves in Thailand. Mycosphere 1, 53–63. Baipadisphaeria spathulospora gen. et sp. nov., a freshwater ascomycete is characterized by black immersed ascomata, unbranched, septate paraphyses, unitunicate, clavate to ovoid asci, lacking an apical structure, and fusiform to almost cylindrical, straight or curved, hyaline to pale brown, unicellular, and smooth-walled ascospores. No anamorph was observed. The species is described from submerged decaying leaves of the peat swamp palm Licuala longicalycata. Phylogenetic analyses based on combined small and large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences showed that it belongs in Nectriaceae (Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Ascomycota). Baipadisphaeria spathulospora constitutes a sister taxon with weak support to Leuconectria clusiae in all analyses. Based
  • Ectomycorrhizal Fungi from Southern Brazil – a Literature-Based Review, Their Origin and Potential Hosts

    Ectomycorrhizal Fungi from Southern Brazil – a Literature-Based Review, Their Origin and Potential Hosts

    Mycosphere Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/4/1/5 Ectomycorrhizal fungi from southern Brazil – a literature-based review, their origin and potential hosts Sulzbacher MA1*, Grebenc, T2, Jacques RJS3 and Antoniolli ZI3 1Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Micologia/CCB, Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves, s/n, CEP: 50670- 901, Recife, PE, Brazil 2Slovenian Forestry Institute Vecna pot 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia 3Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Solos, CCR Campus Universitário, 971050-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil Sulzbacher MA, Grebenc T, Jacques RJS, Antoniolli ZI 2013 – Ectomycorrhizal fungi from southern Brazil – a literature-based review, their origin and potential hosts. Mycosphere 4(1), 61– 95, Doi 10.5943 /mycosphere/4/1/5 A first list of ectomycorrhizal and putative ectomycorrhizal fungi from southern Brazil (the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná), their potential hosts and origin is presented. The list is based on literature and authors observations. Ectomycorrhizal status and putative origin of listed species was assessed based on worldwide published data and, for some genera, deduced from taxonomic position of otherwise locally distributed species. A total of 144 species (including 18 doubtfull species) in 49 genera were recorded for this region, all accompanied with a brief distribution, habitat and substrate data. At least 30 collections were published only to the genus level and require further taxonomic review. Key words – distribution – habitat – mycorrhiza – neotropics – regional list Article Information Received 28 November 2012 Accepted 20 December 2012 Published online 10 February 2013 *Corresponding author: MA Sulzbacher – e-mail – [email protected] Introduction work of Singer & Araújo (1979), Singer et al.
  • About TERI the Bioresources and Biotechnology Division the Mycorrhiza Network and the Centre for Mycorrhizal Culture Collection

    About TERI the Bioresources and Biotechnology Division the Mycorrhiza Network and the Centre for Mycorrhizal Culture Collection

    Vol. 11 No. 3 October 1999 About TERI A dynamic and flexible organization with a global vision and a local focus, TERI was established in 1974. While in the initial period the focus was mainly on documentation and information dissemination activities, research activities in the fields of energy, environment, and sustainable development were initiated towards the end of 1982. The genesis of these activities lay in TERIs firm belief that efficient utilization of energy, sustainable use of natural resources, large-scale adoption of renewable energy technologies, and reduction of all forms of waste would move the process of development towards the goal of sustainability. The Bioresources and Biotechnology Division Focusing on ecological, environmental, and food security issues, the Divisions activities include working with a wide variety of living organisms, sophisticated genetic engineering techniques, and, at the grassroots level, with village communities. The Division functions through four areas: Microbial Biotechnology, Plant Molecular Biology, Plant Tissue Culture, and Forestry/Biodiversity. The Division is actively engaged in mycorrhizal research. The Mycorrhiza Network has specifically been created to help scientists across the globe in carrying out research on mycorrhiza. The Mycorrhiza Network and the Centre for Mycorrhizal Culture Collection Established in April 1988 at TERI, New Delhi, the Mycorrhiza Network first set up the MIC (Mycorrhiza Information Centre), the same year, and the CMCC (Centre for Mycorrhizal Culture Collection) a national germplasm bank of mycorrhizal fungi in 1993. The general objectives of the Mycorrhiza Network are to strengthen research, encourage participation, promote information exchange, and publish the quarterly newsletter, Mycorrhiza News. The MIC has been primarily responsible for establishing an information network, which facilitates information sharing among the network members and makes the growing literature on mycorrhiza available to researchers.
  • (Fungi - Basidiomycota) in Oak Forests of the Northeastern Andes of Colombia

    (Fungi - Basidiomycota) in Oak Forests of the Northeastern Andes of Colombia

    Article Hoehnea 47: e422019, 6 fig., 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-42/2019 New citations to the agaricobiota (Fungi - Basidiomycota) in oak forests of the Northeastern Andes of Colombia Jair Putzke 1,5, Luis Guillermo Henao Mejía 2, Ehidy Rocio Peña Cañón 3, Yeina Milena Niño Fernández 3 and Teodoro Chivatá Bedoya 4 Received: 14 March 2019; accepted: 11 December 2019 How to cite: Putzke, J., Mejía, L.G.H., Cañon, E.R.P., Fernández, Y.M.N. & Bedoya, T.C. New citations to the agaricobiota (Fungi: Basidiomycota) in oak forests of the Northeastern Andes of Colombia. Hoehnea 47: 422019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-42/2019.of Colombia. Hoehnea 47: 422019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906- 42/2019. e first report of apomixis. Hoehnea 47: e212019.http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-21/2019. ABSTRACT - (New citations to the agaricobiota (Fungi - Basidiomycota) in oak forests of the Northeastern Andes of Colombia). The study of Colombian agaricobiota is relatively recent. The training of new researchers has allowed more taxonomic surveys, increasing the literature on the subject and indicating the relevance of ecological and conservation studies. During a field survey conducted in the oak forests (Quercus humboldtii) in the Madre Monte Nature Reserve, municipality of Arcabuco - Colombia, in October 2018, about 40 specimens of Agaricales mushrooms were collected. The species were identified following the usual methods in Agaricology of the Laboratorio del Grupo de Investigación Biología para la Conservación de la Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnológica de Colombia. We identified a few species:Campanella elongatispora Singer, Cheimonophyllum candidissimum (Berk.
  • University of Catania

    University of Catania

    UNIVERSITY OF CATANIA DEPARTMENT OF AGROFOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS INTERNATIONAL PhD PLANT HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES AND PROTECTION OF AGROECOSYSTEMS CYCLE XXV 2010-2012 Detection of new Calonectria spp. and Calonectria Diseases and Changes in Fungicide Sensitivity in Calonectria scoparia Complex This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by VLADIMIRO GUARNACCIA COORDINATOR SUPERVISOR PROF. C. RAPISARDA PROF. G.POLIZZI CHAPTER 1 - The genus Calonectria and the fungicide resistance.......................... 1 1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................ 2 1.1.1 Calonectria...................................................................................................... 2 1.1.2 Importance of Calonectria.............................................................................. 3 1.1.3 Morphology..................................................................................................... 6 1.1.4 Pathogenicity................................................................................................... 9 1.1.5 Microsclerotia ................................................................................................. 9 1.1.6 Mating compatibility..................................................................................... 10 1.1.7 Phylogeny...................................................................................................... 12 1.1.7.1 Calonectria scoparia species complex .................................................