DOCSLIB.ORG

PDF Download the Private World of Soviet Scientists from Stalin To

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PDF Download the Private World of Soviet Scientists from Stalin To THE PRIVATE WORLD OF SOVIET SCIENTISTS FROM STALIN TO GORBACHEV 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Maria Rogacheva | 9781107196360 | | | | | The Private World of Soviet Scientists from Stalin to Gorbachev 1st edition PDF Book See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus. The country was then experiencing the famine of —33 , in which two of Gorbachev's paternal uncles and an aunt died. In February , Andropov died; on his deathbed he indicated his desire that Gorbachev succeed him. He's entitled. Stalin, who grew increasingly paranoid in his later years, died on March 5, , at age 74, after suffering a stroke. Following the failures of earlier talks with the U. Gorbachev: Heretic in the Kremlin. But, comrades, you should not think about lifesavers but about the ship, and the ship is socialism. Retrieved 16 September Within three years of the death of Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev , following the brief regimes of Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko , the Politburo elected Gorbachev as General Secretary, the de facto head of government, in Soviet — Russian since As he spoke, he was interrupted frequently by applause, during which he occasionally sipped a glass of milk. Mikhail Gorbachev's voice Recorded November In June , Gorbachev graduated with a distinction; [53] his final paper had been on the advantages of "socialist democracy" the Soviet political system over "bourgeois democracy" liberal democracy. Russia can succeed only through democracy. This brought criticism from many in the Soviet state apparatus, who saw Hussein as a key ally in the Persian Gulf and feared for the safety of the 9, Soviet citizens in Iraq, although Gorbachev argued that the Iraqis were the clear aggressors in the situation. See details. Views Read Edit View history. Retrieved 18 August Roosevelt Hugh S. Ideologically, he initially adhered to Marxism—Leninism although by the early s had moved toward social democracy. In , Stalin was expelled from the seminary for missing exams, although he claimed it was for Marxist propaganda. This should define the role and responsibility of the president. The tide turned for the Soviets with the Battle of Stalingrad from August to February , during which the Red Army defeated the Germans and eventually drove them from Russia. Gorbachev's negotiations with the U. It is more the fault of the raw material he worked with than of his own real shortcomings and mistakes that Russian democracy will take much longer to build than he thought. After leaving office, he launched his Gorbachev Foundation , became a vocal critic of Russian Presidents Boris Yeltsin and Vladimir Putin , and campaigned for Russia's social-democratic movement. For, paradoxically, it was Gorbachev—the product of an ostensibly moribund, so-called totalitarian regime —whose idealism and dynamism went farthest in demilitarizing the cold war, assuring its peaceful resolution and ushering in those very opportunities. The Private World of Soviet Scientists from Stalin to Gorbachev 1st edition Writer His government also controlled the Soviet media. According to the review aggregator Book Marks , Stalin and the Scientists received "positive" reviews, based on 4 reviews. Retrieved 14 December Princess of Asturias Award for International Cooperation. What started in Russia, became a global revolution, taking Apparently it mattered little to them that Richard Pipes and Martin Malia, two of the school's most prominent members, could not even agree on the origins of Soviet totalitarianism: Pipes indicted virtually all of Russia's history by finding fully developed totalitarianism to be the legacy of "patrimonial" rule under the czars, with the addition of Lenin's militarized lust for dominance. Gorbachev was critical of U. This further alienated the liberalizers but was not enough to win-over hardliners. They accepted without asking for an exam, likely because of his worker-peasant origins and his possession of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. Retrieved 22 May As he enunciated his attack on Stalin, however, the applause was only polite. Retrieved 18 August Some Western diplomats said he appeared to be toning down his personal views in deference to more conservative opinions in the ruling Politburo. About Us. New to The Nation? He also launched an invasion of Finland. Pickett Ronald E. Stalin then proceeded to annex parts of Poland and Romania, as well as the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. London: Futura. It is more the fault of the raw material he worked with than of his own real shortcomings and mistakes that Russian democracy will take much longer to build than he thought. Afghanistan portal Category Multimedia. Eisenhower Harry S. In he returned to Moscow to become a Secretary of the party's Central Committee and in joined its governing Politburo. Assumed office 11 March [note 1]. The Washington Post. While he described the book as "ambitious in scope", and called it "fascinating" and "important", Parrington said it is not without "elementary errors", like Ings' statement that "the Bolsheviks The Congress passed the reform, undermining the de jure nature of the one-party state. Download as PDF Printable version. At a November event marking 25 years since the fall of the Berlin Wall, Gorbachev warned that the ongoing War in Donbass had brought the world to the brink of a new cold war, and he accused Western powers, particularly the U. In the village of Stavyshche, a young peasant boy watched as the wanderers dug into empty gardens with their bare hands. Kalinin — Shvernik — Voroshilov — Brezhnev — Mikoyan — Podgorny — Brezhnev — Andropov — Chernenko — Gromyko — Gorbachev — In Gorbachev released Songs for Raisa , an album of Russian romantic ballads, sung by him and accompanied by musician Andrei Makarevich , to raise money for a charity devoted to his late wife. Speaking in late summer to the secretaries for economic affairs of the central committees of the East European communist parties, Gorbachev said: "Many of you see the solution to your problems in resorting to market mechanisms in place of direct planning. Retrieved 14 September Live TV. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! New Left Review. Retrieved 27 December Utilizing new archival materials and an extensive oral history project, this book argues that Soviet scientists were not merely bought off by the Soviet state, but that they bought into the idealism and social optimism of the post-Stalin regime. Articles related to Mikhail Gorbachev. Her work has appeared in venues including Europe-Asia Studies. The Private World of Soviet Scientists from Stalin to Gorbachev 1st edition Reviews Though Stalin At the height of the Ukrainian famine under Joseph Stalin, starving people roamed the countryside, desperate for something, anything to eat. In contrast to her husband's political efforts, Raisa had focused on campaigning for children's charities. In December , the Soviets sent the Red Army into neighbouring Afghanistan to support its Soviet-aligned government against Islamist insurgents ; Gorbachev privately thought it a mistake. The Telegraph. He was the subject of flattering artwork, literature and music, and his name became part of the Soviet national anthem. Stalin's Daughter Defects. Retrieved 14 December Soviet historian Roy Medvedev, who has written a sharply critical book about Stalin that was published in the West, said in an interview after the speech that Gorbachev went further than he has before in condemning Stalin for abuse of power. Stalin, who grew increasingly paranoid in his later years, died on March 5, , at age 74, after suffering a stroke. His government also controlled the Soviet media. Local troops tried to quell the unrest but were attacked by mobs. The Soviet leader was greeted with enthusiastic applause as he entered the Kremlin hall with the other 12 full members of the ruling Politburo. Joseph McCarthy During the late s and early s, the prospect of communist subversion at home and abroad seemed frighteningly real to many people in the United States. In the elections for the Russian Supreme Soviet , the Communist Party faced challengers from an alliance of liberalisers known as " Democratic Russia "; the latter did particularly well in urban centers. American science historian Loren Graham also criticised errors and omissions in the book. Foreign Policy. That month, in the Azerbaijani city of Sumgait , Azerbaijani gangs began killing members of the Armenian minority. What started in Russia, became a global revolution, taking He censored photographs in an attempt to rewrite history, removing former associates executed during his many purges. There, he again met with Bush. Delivered to a ceremonial joint session of the Central Committee and the Supreme Soviet in the Kremlin Palace of Congresses , it praised Lenin but criticized Stalin for overseeing mass human rights abuses. By , the ethos of glasnost had spread through Soviet society: journalists were writing increasingly openly, [] many economic problems were being publicly revealed, [] and studies appeared that critically reassessed Soviet history. Retrieved 9 December Leaders of the ruling Communist parties of the Eastern Bloc. Revolutions of President Barack Obama in efforts to "reset" strained U. In , Stalin was expelled from the seminary for missing exams, although he claimed it was for Marxist propaganda. Octavio Paz Mexico. Sign in to Purchase Instantly. Gar Alperovitz Thomas A. Afghanistan portal Category Multimedia. Utilizing new archival materials and an extensive oral history project, this book argues that Soviet scientists were not merely bought off by the Soviet state, but that they bought into the idealism and social optimism of the post-Stalin regime. At MSU, he became the Komsomol head of his entering class, and then Komsomol's deputy secretary for agitation and propaganda at the law school. From then on, the Soviet Union collapsed with dramatic speed. Gorbachev tried to improve relations with the UK, France, and West Germany; [] like previous Soviet leaders, he was interested in pulling Western Europe away from U.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Title of Thesis: ABSTRACT CLASSIFYING BIAS
    ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis Directed By: Dr. David Zajic, Ph.D. Our project extends previous algorithmic approaches to finding bias in large text corpora. We used multilingual topic modeling to examine language-specific bias in the English, Spanish, and Russian versions of Wikipedia. In particular, we placed Spanish articles discussing the Cold War on a Russian-English viewpoint spectrum based on similarity in topic distribution. We then crowdsourced human annotations of Spanish Wikipedia articles for comparison to the topic model. Our hypothesis was that human annotators and topic modeling algorithms would provide correlated results for bias. However, that was not the case. Our annotators indicated that humans were more perceptive of sentiment in article text than topic distribution, which suggests that our classifier provides a different perspective on a text’s bias. CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Gemstone Honors Program, University of Maryland, 2018 Advisory Committee: Dr. David Zajic, Chair Dr. Brian Butler Dr. Marine Carpuat Dr. Melanie Kill Dr. Philip Resnik Mr. Ed Summers © Copyright by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang 2018 Acknowledgements We would like to express our sincerest gratitude to our mentor, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Cartoons and Descriptions
    1. Creator: Stephen Sack Title: “See No… Hear No… Speak No…” Publication: Ft. Wayne Journal Publication Date: Unknown, 1978-1979 Description: In 1964 Leonid Brezhnev took over as the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Part of the Soviet Union after Nikita Khrushchev was removed from power. He presided over the USSR from 1964 until his death in 1982. Some of Brezhnev’s early changes were to remove the liberalizing reforms made of Khrushchev. Cultural freedom was limited and the secret service, the KBG, regained power. In 1973, the Soviet Union entered an era of economic stagnation which led to unhappiness among the Soviet people. Brezhnev continued the policy of détente with the United States, limiting arms but at the same time building up Soviet military strength. Source: Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum: Best Editorial Cartoons of the Year ed. Charles Brooks. Pelican Publishing Press, Gretna, 1979 Folder: Cartoons Bezbatchenko 2. Creator: Mike Keffe Title: Untitled Publication: Denver Post Publication Date: Unknown, 1980- 1981 Description: Elections were held in the USSR and the United States in 1979 and 1980 respectively. The 1980 presidential campaign was between incumbent Democrat Jimmy Carter and Republican candidate, Ronald Reagan. The election was held on November 4, 1980. Reagan won the electoral college vote by a landslide. In the Soviet Union, elections were held but for appearances only. Vladimir Lenin and the other Bolshevik leaders dissolved the Constituent Assembly in 1918. Under Stalin’s rule the position of General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party became synonymous with “leader of the Soviet Union.” In 1980, the government was controlled by nonelected Communist Politburo members, the Central Committee and a parliament type group called the Supreme Soviet, who only met briefly throughout the year.
    [Show full text]
  • Raisa Gorbacheva, the Soviet Union’S Only First Lady
    Outraging the People by Stepping out of the Shadows Gender roles, the ‘feminine ideal’ and gender discourse in the Soviet Union and Raisa Gorbacheva, the Soviet Union’s only First Lady. Noraly Terbijhe Master Thesis MA Russian & Eurasian Studies Leiden University January 2020, Leiden Everywhere in the civilised world, the position, the rights and obligations of a wife of the head of state are more or less determined. For instance, I found out that the President’s wife in the White House has special staff to assist her in preforming her duties. She even has her own ‘territory’ and office in one wing of the White House. As it turns out, I as the First Lady had only one tradition to be proud of, the lack of any right to an official public existence.1 Raisa Maximovna Gorbacheva (1991) 1 Translated into English from Russian. From: Raisa Gorbacheva, Ya Nadeyus’ (Moscow 1991) 162. 1 Table of contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3 2. Literature review ........................................................................................................................... 9 3. Gender roles and discourse in Russia and the USSR ................................................................. 17 The supportive comrade ................................................................................................................. 19 The hardworking mother ...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Lukyanov Doctrine: Conceptual Origins of Russia's Hybrid Foreign Policy—The Case of Ukraine
    Saint Louis University Law Journal Volume 64 Number 1 Internationalism and Sovereignty Article 3 (Fall 2019) 4-23-2020 Lukyanov Doctrine: Conceptual Origins of Russia’s Hybrid Foreign Policy—The Case of Ukraine. Igor Gretskiy [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.slu.edu/lj Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Igor Gretskiy, Lukyanov Doctrine: Conceptual Origins of Russia’s Hybrid Foreign Policy—The Case of Ukraine., 64 St. Louis U. L.J. (2020). Available at: https://scholarship.law.slu.edu/lj/vol64/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Saint Louis University Law Journal by an authorized editor of Scholarship Commons. For more information, please contact Susie Lee. SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW LUKYANOV DOCTRINE: CONCEPTUAL ORIGINS OF RUSSIA’S HYBRID FOREIGN POLICY—THE CASE OF UKRAINE. IGOR GRETSKIY* Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Kremlin’s assertiveness and unpredictability on the international arena has always provoked enormous attention to its foreign policy tools and tactics. Although there was no shortage of publications on topics related to different aspects of Moscow’s foreign policy varying from non-proliferation of nuclear weapons to soft power diplomacy, Russian studies as a discipline found itself deadlocked within the limited number of old dichotomies, (e.g., West/non-West, authoritarianism/democracy, Europe/non-Europe), initially proposed to understand the logic of Russia’s domestic and foreign policy transformations.1 Furthermore, as the decision- making process in Moscow was getting further from being transparent due to the increasingly centralized character of its political system, the emergence of new theoretical frameworks with greater explanatory power was an even more difficult task.
    [Show full text]
  • July 13, 1990 National Intelligence Daily for Friday, 13 July 1990
    Digital Archive digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org International History Declassified July 13, 1990 National Intelligence Daily for Friday, 13 July 1990 Citation: “National Intelligence Daily for Friday, 13 July 1990,” July 13, 1990, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Approved for Release by the Central Intelligence Agency, September 1, 2009, Document #0005301353. Contributed by Mark Kramer. https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/209652 Summary: The CIA’s National Intelligence Daily for Friday, 13 July 1990 describes the latest developments in USSR, Nicaragua, Cambodia, East Germany and Yugoslavia. Original Language: English Contents: Scan of Original Document (\ . ,, . !I ' . ' I I Ill II · . I -, I I . , . -D APPROVED FOR RELEASED DATE: (b )( 1) 09-01-2009 (b)(3) NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE DAILY Friday, l3 Juq 1990 lup §ce1et CPAS NID 90-16lJX I 13 .!u/y 1990 ' . ;, n.,.. - . .. , 0 :· I I I II 1-:J " . - I -, . I Cf · . ·, · . · , . .. ' . ~, )j '' ' ""' ' .. ._ . I LI II 1,:J · · I I I . : - - • 0 ~ • • Contents USSR: Party Congress Developments l Nicaragua: Strike Outcome Favors Sandinistas 3 Cambodia: Paris UN Meeting Faces Difficulty 4 East Germany: Show of Foreign Policy Independence 6 Notes USSR-Germanys: CW Controversy on Eve of Kohl's Visit 9 Yugoslavia: Belgrade Takes Hard Line on Separatists 10 USSR: Ukraine's Politics More Volatile After I vashko 10 In Brief 12 (°P Stm~t ] 13 July 1990 ', • • • .' • ' ' I o • •' . ·, '-' g ,.:.., . ~ . · .1. IC 1_1 . .. - . To~ret USSR Yel'tsin Bolts Party Boris Yel'tsin's decision to leave the Communist Party fits a pattern of dramatic actions going back at least as far as his outburst at the Central Committee plenum in October 1987 that cost him his Politburo seat.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin 10-Final Cover
    COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN Issue 10 Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Washington, D.C. March 1998 Leadership Transition in a Fractured Bloc Featuring: CPSU Plenums; Post-Stalin Succession Struggle and the Crisis in East Germany; Stalin and the Soviet- Yugoslav Split; Deng Xiaoping and Sino-Soviet Relations; The End of the Cold War: A Preview COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN 10 The Cold War International History Project EDITOR: DAVID WOLFF CO-EDITOR: CHRISTIAN F. OSTERMANN ADVISING EDITOR: JAMES G. HERSHBERG ASSISTANT EDITOR: CHRISTA SHEEHAN MATTHEW RESEARCH ASSISTANT: ANDREW GRAUER Special thanks to: Benjamin Aldrich-Moodie, Tom Blanton, Monika Borbely, David Bortnik, Malcolm Byrne, Nedialka Douptcheva, Johanna Felcser, Drew Gilbert, Christiaan Hetzner, Kevin Krogman, John Martinez, Daniel Rozas, Natasha Shur, Aleksandra Szczepanowska, Robert Wampler, Vladislav Zubok. The Cold War International History Project was established at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C., in 1991 with the help of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and receives major support from the MacArthur Foundation and the Smith Richardson Foundation. The Project supports the full and prompt release of historical materials by governments on all sides of the Cold War, and seeks to disseminate new information and perspectives on Cold War history emerging from previously inaccessible sources on “the other side”—the former Communist bloc—through publications, fellowships, and scholarly meetings and conferences. Within the Wilson Center, CWIHP is under the Division of International Studies, headed by Dr. Robert S. Litwak. The Director of the Cold War International History Project is Dr. David Wolff, and the incoming Acting Director is Christian F.
    [Show full text]
  • THE CANADIAN ORIGINS of GLASNOST Introduction
    THE CANADIAN ORIGINS OF GLASNOST YV Introduction Glasnost and perestroika are distinctly revitalize their nation. The concepts of Focus Russian terms, but there is a Canadian glasnost and perestroika intrigued the This News in Re- connection to both of them. In the world. The Soviet Union, historically a view module discusses the mean- 1980s the Russian ambassador to closed society run by a tight committee ings of two very Canada, Alexandre Yakovlev, devel- of party faithful, had ruled the nation powerful terms, oped the idea of opening his nation to with an iron fist for three quarters of a glasnost and change and enlightenment. This man century. Now glasnost (openness) and perestroika. Their could see the writing on the wall for the perestroika (restructuring) became the significance, in Soviet Union. He believed that if buzzwords of a new regime. An experi- terms of modern Russian history, is change from within did not occur, then ment in cultural change was unleashed. explored. As well catastrophic change from without Glasnost applied primarily to the these terms are would be inevitable. He wanted to find media in the Soviet Union. The media discussed from the a way to save his people and provide had long been an extension of the party perspective of their prosperity and happiness to a nation politic and had little to do with accuracy origins, both Russian and Cana- that for too long had done without and truth (despite the leading publica- dian. either. tion named Pravda [Truth]). Glasnost During his tenure as ambassador to led to a lessening of restrictions and an Canada he became a student of our attempt to improve the information flow YV Sections nation.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 December 2018 SHEILA M. PUFFER University Distinguished
    December 2018 SHEILA M. PUFFER University Distinguished Professor Professor of International Business and Strategy International Business and Strategy Group D’Amore-McKim School of Business Northeastern University, Boston, USA CONTACT INFORMATION 313 Hayden Hall, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA [email protected] EDUCATION Ph.D., Business Administration, University of California, Berkeley Diploma in Management, Plekhanov Institute of the National Economy, Moscow, Russia M.B.A., University of Ottawa, Canada B.A., Slavic Studies, University of Ottawa POSITIONS HELD 1988 - present University Distinguished Professor (2011 – present) Professor of International Business and Strategy D’Amore-McKim School of Business, Northeastern University 1990 – present Fellow, Davis Center for Russian Studies, Harvard University 2018 – present Faculty Affiliate, Global Resilience Institute, Northeastern University May 2019 Fellow, Jordan Center for the Advanced Study of Russia, New York University Jan. - Sept. 2015 Visiting Scholar, Stanford University Graduate School of Business 2007 – 2012 Cherry Family Senior Fellow of International Business, Northeastern University April 2012 Visiting Professor, University of Nottingham Business School, Ningbo, China February 2012 Visiting Professor, IEDC Business School doctoral program, Bled, Slovenia April 2009 Visiting Professor, Stockholm School of Economics July 1996 Visiting Professor, Ecole Supérieure de Commerce, Reims, France (Joint program with Northeastern University)
    [Show full text]
  • History of Ukrainian Statehood: ХХ- the Beginning of the ХХІ Century
    NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF LIFE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE OF UKRAINE FACULTY OF THE HUMANITIES AND PEDAGOGY Department of History and Political Sciences N. KRAVCHENKO History of Ukrainian Statehood: ХХ- the beginning of the ХХІ century Textbook for students of English-speaking groups Kyiv 2017 UDК 93/94 (477) BBК: 63.3 (4 Укр) К 77 Recommended for publication by the Academic Council of the National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine (Protocol № 3, on October 25, 2017). Reviewers: Kostylyeva Svitlana Oleksandrivna, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of History of the National Technical University of Ukraine «Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»; Vyhovskyi Mykola Yuriiovych, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Faculty of Historical Education of the National Pedagogical Drahomanov University Вilan Serhii Oleksiiovych, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of History and Political Sciences of the National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine. Аristova Natalia Oleksandrivna, Doctor of Pedagogic Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of English Philology of the National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine. Author: PhD, Associate Professor Nataliia Borysivna Kravchenko К 77 Kravchenko N. B. History of Ukrainian Statehood: ХХ - the beginning of the ХХІ century. Textbook for students of English-speaking groups. / Kravchenko N. B. – Куiv: Еditing and Publishing Division NUBiP of Ukraine, 2017. – 412 р. ISBN 978-617-7396-79-5 The textbook-reference covers the historical development of Ukraine Statehood in the ХХ- at the beginning of the ХХІ century. The composition contains materials for lectures, seminars and self-study. It has general provisions, scientific and reference materials - personalities, chronology, terminology, documents and manual - set of tests, projects and recommended literature.
    [Show full text]
  • Mikhail Gorbachev and His Role in the Peaceful Solution of the Cold War
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Dissertations and Theses City College of New York 2011 Mikhail Gorbachev and His Role in the Peaceful Solution of the Cold War Natalia Zemtsova CUNY City College How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_etds_theses/49 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] Mikhail Gorbachev and His Role in the Peaceful Solution of the Cold War Natalia Zemtsova May 2011 Master’s Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of International Affairs at the City College of New York Advisor: Jean Krasno ABSTRACT The role of a political leader has always been important for understanding both domestic and world politics. The most significant historical events are usually associated in our minds with the images of the people who were directly involved and who were in charge of the most crucial decisions at that particular moment in time. Thus, analyzing the American Civil War, we always mention the great role and the achievements of Abraham Lincoln as the president of the United States. We cannot forget about the actions of such charismatic leaders as Adolf Hitler, Josef Stalin, Winston Churchill, and Franklin D. Roosevelt when we think about the brutal events and the outcome of the World War II. Or, for example, the Cuban Missile Crisis and its peaceful solution went down in history highlighting roles of John F.
    [Show full text]
  • GCSE History: the Cold W Ar Topic 3: Détente and End Of
    Summary Key Vocabulary Although the invasion of Czechoslovakia had strained USA-USSR ‘Relaxing of tensions’. Particularly from 1970-79, both the USA Détente relations, the 1970s was a decade of clear détente; both sides made and USSR were willing to work with each other. several important agreements such as USA pulling out of the Afghan In 1978, Soviet-backed Afghan communists took over the country, Vietnam War in 1973, and the Helsinki Agreement 1975 which Revolution but struggled to get enough support amongst Afghans. guaranteed human rights and the borders of all countries in Europe. The Islamic extremists who were fighting in the Afghan Civil War Mujahideen Détente ended in 1979 when Brezhnev made the decision to against communism. They were given funds/supplies by the USA. invade Afghanistan to support the communist government against A form of warfare where small group of rebels use ambushes and guerrilla Islamic extremists. The US public reacted by voting for Ronald hit-and-run tactics to fight a larger army. The Mujahideen used warfare Reagan who followed a hardline stance against the USSR, calling it this against the USSR, and the Vietcong used it against the USA. an ’evil empire’ and increasing US military spending. The refusal to pay for/attend something. The USA boycotted the boycott By the mid-1980s, the USSR had massive debts from the Afghan Moscow Olympics; the USSR boycotted Los Angeles 4 years later. GCSE History: The Cold War Cold The History: GCSE War. The final leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, promised massive ratify A treaty/agreement does not become law until it is ratified.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    INTRODUCTION n 1984 the American Economics Association sent a delegation of Ieconomists to the Soviet Union for scientific discussion with So- viet economists. It was the final meeting in a series of cultural ex- changes at a time when the Cold War was heating up. The trip was made in summer, but in terms of intellectual discourse, Moscow was as cold and dark as Mordor. At lunch the head of the Soviet delegation reminded us that the Soviet Union had enough nuclear weapons to destroy the United States many times over, including President Reagan’s Hollywood and Disneyland. My job was to talk about the U.S. labor market. I criticized the United States for rising inequality; unemployment that had hit dou- ble digits in the 1981 recession; declining unionization; reduced company provision of defined-benefit pensions; the stalled advance of black Americans; limited gains in earnings for women; and slow productivity and real wage growth. I saw the United States as losing ground to other advanced economies. Japan, whose labor market and economic institutions were very different from those in the United States, was challenging American firms in automobiles, steel, and high-tech. Advanced Europe, which also had very differ- ent institutions, had adjusted better to the 1970s oil shock. My biggest concern was that the distribution of earnings in the United States was bifurcating. There were more jobs and higher pay at the top of the earnings distribution and also at the bottom of the earnings distribution. The result was fewer middle-class workers. The average hourly earnings of the production and nonsupervisory workers who made up most of the U.S.
    [Show full text]