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The People's Linguistic Survey of India, It Suddenly Struck Me That the Indian Constitution Opens with the Words, ”We the People of India”

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The People's Linguistic Survey of India, It Suddenly Struck Me That the Indian Constitution Opens with the Words, ”We the People of India” The People’s Linguistic Survey of India SIGN LANGUAGE Volume Editors Nisha Grover Tanmoy Bhattacharya Surinder Randhawa Chief Editor Ganesh Devy 2013 Orient Blackswan The People’s Linguistic Survey of India is a project of Bhasha Research and Publication Centre, partly funded by Sir Jamsetji Tata Trust, Mumbai. The People’s Linguistic Survey of India The Bhasha Research and Publication Centre was established in Baroda in 1996 with a view to battling the erosion of bhashas and for conservation of oral traditions in the bhashas of marginalized communities. While the Centre's efforts have resulted in improvement of some of the Bhilli group languages, one feels pained to see how many Indian languages - the bhashas - have become extinct, and how rapidly! In the Census Reports of 1961, a total of 1652 mother tongues were mentioned. Several hundred of these are no longer traceable. During the first half of the twentieth century, India reportedly lost about one fifth of its languages, during the second half of the last century we have lost about one third of the remaining languages. If we continue to allow the dwindling of the bhashas at this rate, it is estimated that over the next fifty years, we will see the extinction of most of the bhashas spoken by the nomadic communities and adivasis, just as we will witness a large scale erosion of some of the main bhashas that have a rich history of written literature. In March 2010, Bhasha Centre held a ‘Confluence of Languages’ Consultation at Baroda. As decided during the concluding session of the Bharat Bhasha Confluence, Bhasha Centre initiated the work of preparing a People’s Linguistic Survey of India (PLSI). The People’s Linguistic Survey of India is the first known democratic intellectual attempt undertaken by a large collective of scholars and activists. It is carried out by volunteers and associates mobilized and trained through a series of workshops. So far nearly 85 workshops have been held in 35 States and Union Territories of India resulting into working volumes for all states as well as several general volumes. From its inception, Prof. G. N. Devy has chaired the PLSI and led the language mapping and conservation efforts. What Is People’s Linguistic Survey of India? The People’s Linguistic Survey of India is a right based movement for carrying out a nation wide survey to identify, document and understand the state of Indian languages, especially languages of fragile nomadic, coastal, island and forest communities. The PLSI is carried out by scholars, writers and activists in partnership with members of different speech communities. The main objectives of the PLSI are To provide an overview of the living languages of India as ‘they are’ by 2011-2012. To create an action network of members committed to sustainable development, irrespective of diverse social and cultural contexts, and of community custodians of life enhancing systems and traditions. To build bridges among diverse language communities, and thereby to strengthen the foundations of multilingual, multicultural Indian society. To create closer links between the government and speech communities, and to bring the universal developmental strategies of the government in harmony with ecologically and culturally diverse communities. To develop teaching material and capability for promoting education in mother tongue. To provide a baseline for any future survey of India's linguistic and cultural composition. To arrest extinction of linguistic, cultural and biological diversity, nurtured by speech communities over generation, and to protect one of the few surviving bastions of linguistic diversity in the world in the interest of human security and survival. The PLSI is not A repeat, substitute, replacement or a sequel to Grierson's Linguistic Survey of India, a Sample Survey or a Census. It is not an exhaustive survey of each and every language in existence in India. It is not an exercise in standardizing or fixing the writing or the speech of Indian language communities. The PLSI is A quick, non-hierarchical, public consultation and appraisal, intended as an aid to cultural impact assessment of development, and as an acknowledgement of the self-respect and sense of identity of all, especially the endangered speech communities of India.The PLSI is guided by the National Editorial Collective, constituted voluntarily. The National Editorial Collective Chairperson Prof. Ganesh Devy Conveners: Dr. D. P. Pattranayak Dr. K. K. Chakravarty Prof. Shiva Visvanathan Andhra Pradesh Prof. Usha Devi, Dr. Chandra Shekhar Reddy Arunachal Pradesh Ms. Lisa Lomdak, Assam "Dr. Bibha Bharali, Dr. Banani Chakravarty Dr. Birhash Giri Basumatary, Dr. Ambeswar Gogoi Bihar Dr. Rama Shankar Arya, Dr. Vibha Chauhan Chhatisgarh Dr. C. R. Kar Dr. B. R. Sahu Goa Dr. Madhavi Sardesay Gujarat Prof. Kanji Patel Haryana Dr. Omkar Kaul, Dr. Roop Kishen Bhat Himachal Pradesh Shri Tobdan, Mian Behar Dr. O. C. Handa Jammu and Kashmir Dr. Omkar Kaul Jharkhand Smt. Ramnika Gupta Prof. Prabhatkumar Singh Karnataka Prof. H.M. Maheshwariah Kerala Dr. M. Sreenathan Madhya Pradesh Shri Damodar Jain Maharashtra Shri Arun Jakhade, Manipur Prof. Ch. Sheela Ramani Mr. K. Nipuni Mao Dr. Kownigly Wangla Meghalaya Prof. Esther Syeim Mizoram Cherrie Lalnunziri Chhangte Nagaland Prof. D. Koulie Orissa Dr. D. P. Patnaik Dr MKMishra Punjab Dr. Omkar Kaul Dr. Roop Kishen Bhat Rajasthan Dr. Madan Meena Dr. Surajmal Rao Sikkim Dr. Bala R. Pandey Tamil Nadu Prof. V. Gnansundaram Prof. K. Rangan Tripura Dr. Sukhendu Debbarma Uttar Pradesh Shri Ashish Kumar Anshu Prof. Badri Narayan, Uttarakhand Dr. Uma Bhatt Dr. Shekhar Pathak West Bengal Prof. Shankar Singha, Dr. Indranila Acharya Union Territories Andaman and Nicobar Islands Prof. Franscis Neelam Chandigarh Dadar and Nagar Haveli & Prof. Kanji Patel, Daman and Diu Prof. Kanji Patel Lakshadeep Dr. M. Sreenathan Pondicherry Dr. L. Ramamoorthy Pan-Indian/National/Classical Languages Dr. L. Khubchandani Dr. Sukrita Paul Kumar Prof. Vijay Kumar Prof. B. Mallikarjun Translation Advisors Prof. Ipshit Chanda Prof. Tutun Mukherjee Dr. Nila Shah Sign Languages Mrs. Nisha Grover Prof. Tanmoy Bhattacharya Dr. Surinder Randhawa The complete list of Volumes Volume One The Languages of Andaman and Nicobar Islands Ed. by Prof. Franscis Neelam Volume Two The Languages of Andhra Pradesh Edited by Prof. Usha Devi Volume Three & Volume Four The Languages of Arunachal Pradesh, Edited by Dr. Lisa Lomdak Volume Five and Volume Six The Languages of Assam Translated from the Original Assamiya and Edited by Dr. Bibha Bharali & Dr. Banani Chakravarty Volume Seven The Languages of Bihar and Jharkhand Translated from the Original Hindi and Edited by by Dr. Vibha Chauhan, Volume Eight The Languages of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh Edited and Translated into English by Prof. Chitta Ranajan Kar Volume Nine The Languages of Goa Edited by Prof. Madhavi Sardesay Volume Ten & Volume Eleven The Languages of Gujarat, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Diu and Daman Edited by Prof. Kanji Patel & Dr. Nila Shah Volume Twelve The Languages of Himachal Pradesh Edited by Dr. Roop Kishan Bhat Volume Thirteen The Languages of Jammu & Kashmir Edited by Dr. Om Kaul, Dr. Roop K. Bhat Volume Fourteen The Languages of Karnataka, Edited by Prof. H.M. Maheshwariah & Prof. B. Mallikarjun Volume Fifteen The Languages of Kerala and Lakshdweep Edited by Dr. M. Sreenathan Volume Sixteen The Languages of Maharashtra Edited by Shri Arun Jakhade Volume Seventeen The Languages of Manipur Edited by Prof. Esther Syiem, Prof. Sheelaramani and Shri Nipuni Mao Volume Eighteen The Languages of Meghalaya and Tripura Edited by Prof. Esther Syeim and Prof. Sukhendu Debbarma Volume Nineteen The Languages of Mizoram and Nagaland Edited by Prof. Esther Syiem, Dr. Cherrie Chhangte and Dr. D. Koulie Volume Twenty & Volume Twenty One The Languages of Odisha Translated Dr. Manideepa Patnaik and Edited by Dr. Mahendra Kumar Mishra & Dr. Manideepa Patnaik Volume Twenty Two The Languages of Rajasthan Edited by Dr. Madan Meena & Prof. Himanshu Pandya Volume Twenty-Three The Languages of Tamil Nadu & Paduchery Edited by Prof. V. Gnansundaram, Prof K. Rangan & Dr. L. Ramamoorthy Volume Twenty-Four The Languages of Uttara Khand and Sikkim Edited by Dr. Shekhar Pathak & Dr. Balaram Pandey Volume Twenty-Five & Volume Twenty-Six The languages of Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Chandigarh, Haryana and Punja Editors Yet to be assigned Volume Twenty Seven The Languages of West Bengal Edited by Prof. Shankar Singha and Dr. Indranil Acharya Volumes Twenty-Eight to Thirty Scheduled Languages of India Edited by Prof. G. N. Devy Volume Thirty One The Coastal Languages of India Edited by Prof. G. N. Devy Volume Thirty-Two Census, survey and Policy Edited by Prof. B. Mallikarjun Volume Thirty-Three Supplementary Edited by Prof. G. N. Devy Volume Thirty Four The PLSI, Its Origin and Scope By Prof. G. N. Devy Chief Editor’s Introduction A Nation Proud of Its Language Diversity The Global Language Crisis: Over the last two decades, scientists have come up with mathematical models for predicting the life of languages. These predictions have invariably indicated that the human species is moving rapidly close to extinction of a large part of its linguistic heritage. These predictions do not agree on the exact magnitude of the impending disaster; but they all agree on the fact that close to three quarters or over of all existing natural human languages are half in grave. There are, on the other hand, advocates of linguistic globalization. They would prefer the spread of one or only a few languages all over the world so that communication across national boundaries becomes the easiest ever. Obviously, the nations and communities that have learnt to live within only a single language, whose economic well-being is not dependent on knowing languages other than their own, whose knowledge systems are well-secure within their own languages, will not experience the stress of language loss, at least not immediately, though the loss of the world’s total language heritage, which will weaken the global stock of human intellect and civilizations, will have numerous indirect enfeebling effects for them too.
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