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Rising Concerns Over Regional Conflicts, Global- Ization, Climate

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Rising Concerns Over Regional Conflicts, Global- Ization, Climate USAREUR: Building Partner Capacity for the Future ising concerns over regional conflicts, global- ization, climate change, illegal trafficking of By GEN Carter F. Ham people and material, and the proliferation of Commanding General, U.S. Army Europe and Seventh Army weapons of mass destruction are just some of Rthe complex factors undermining stability in Europe. As European militaries prepare for a future of persistent conflict, they look to the United States for leadership. U.S. Army Europe (USAREUR) contin- ues to provide this leadership through theater secu- rity cooperation (TSC) activities while transforming to meet emerging threats and security challenges. Today USAREUR is a dy- namic, full spectrum force that is training and leading European land forces for the future. USAREUR’s history is intertwined with the 60- year legacy of the North October 2009 I ARMY 117 Above, SGM Mark Schindler, U.S. Army Europe Opera- tions Directorate, G3 (left), discusses training with CSM Janos Zsoter of Hungary during the annual Conference of European Armies for Noncommissioned Officers. Right, soldiers from 1st Battalion, 4th Infantry, descend a cliff dur- ing a dismounted patrol in Zabul Province, Afghanistan. Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Once focused exclu- sively on the collective defense of its members, NATO has evolved into an alliance committed to out-of-sector opera- tions—ensuring peace and preempting extremists from disrupting global security. USAREUR has also evolved— from a massive force with a largely conventional defensive mission to a smaller, agile and more flexible force that de- ploys from sanctuaries across Europe to conduct full spec- trum operations. While doing so, USAREUR has main- USAREUR is also in the midst of substantial rebasing tained its leadership role in NATO through its continuous initiatives. Since 2004, more than half of USAREUR’s force presence on the European continent. structure has returned to the continental United States, re- USAREUR soldiers and families, like those everywhere, located within Europe or wholly inactivated. Synchroniz- are experiencing the stress of repeated deployments. Over ing deployment timelines with rebasing actions is a com- the past two years, more than one-third of USAREUR plex process that must be accomplished effectively to give forces were deployed at any given time. Other USAREUR our soldiers and families maximum predictability. soldiers, such as the medical professionals at Landstuhl In addition to deploying worldwide to support overseas Regional Medical Center, Germany, provide enduring contingency operations, USAREUR soldiers play a pivotal world-class support to operations in Iraq and Afghanistan role in increasing the interoperability and capabilities of our and throughout the U.S. European Command (USEU- allies and Coalition partners. This is not a new task, but one COM), U.S. Africa Command and U.S. Central Command that has taken on increased importance in the context of full areas of responsibility. spectrum operations. In the 21st century, America will con- front complex, dynamic and unanticipated challenges to GEN Carter F. Ham has served as com- our national security and that of our allies and partner na- manding general, U.S. Army Europe, since tions. The idea that one country can “go it alone” to ensure August 2008. He began his service as an its own security against hybrid threats is untenable. The enlisted Infantryman in the 82nd Airborne global economic crisis is forcing nations to make hard fund- Division before being commissioned upon ing decisions, which has resulted in diminished defense graduation from John Carroll University. budgets. Coalitions are the norm. Current operations in He has served in Italy, in Saudi Arabia and Afghanistan provide a salient example of the multiplicative on multiple tours in Germany. GEN Ham power of coalitions as NATO’s International Security Assis- commanded Multinational Brigade North tance Force (ISAF) ramps up offensive operations to reclaim in Mosul, Iraq, from 2004–05 and the 1st Infantry Division from extremist-controlled areas. Today nearly 90 percent of 2006–07. Before assuming his current position, GEN Ham was Coalition forces in Afghanistan come from Europe. the director for operations, The Joint Staff. USAREUR—executing USEUCOM’s strategy of active se- 118 ARMY I October 2009 curity—conducts continuous TSC ac- tivities to improve the capabilities and interoperability of our allies and part- ners. These range from attending non- commissioned officer academy courses to multilateral exercises that increase the professionalism and competencies of Coalition forces. This year alone, USAREUR will conduct more than 30 exercises with soldiers from 38 nations. From small-scale, squad-sized ele- ments teaching basic tactics to multi- national exercises with as many as 10 countries, each participating nation in- creases its ability to operate effectively as part of a coalition force. The posi- tive effects on the warfighting capabil- ities of these armies is powerful. Exercise Regional Response in Azer- baijan was the first U.S. Army exercise Under American supervision, Slovenian soldiers tend a simulated in that country, and Immediate Re- casualty during a riot-control scenario at the Joint Multinational sponse in the Republic of Georgia was Readiness Center (JMRC) in Hohenfels, Germany. The Slovenians another critical training event in the will use the peacekeeping skills they learn at JMRC in Kosovo. Caucasus. Exercises conducted at non- U.S. training areas are enhanced by the Seventh U.S. Army pared the 82nd for combat operations aid our Coalition Joint Multinational Training Command (JMTC) exportable partners in preparing for their own deployments. training capability. With this organic capability, enabled by Enduring TSC events that build on the successes of previ- the exportable instrumentation system, fully instrumented ous rotations are vital to increased regional security. training is possible anywhere in the world. This spring, “Episodic engagement” with our allies and partners will JMTC participated in testing the Army’s exportable train- not generate the synchronized coalition forces required to ing capability concept with the 2nd Brigade, 82nd Airborne win on today’s asymmetric battlefield. USAREUR is in its Division, at Fort Bragg, N.C. The same capabilities that pre- fifth year of a well-established TSC initiative in Romania and Bulgaria. Each year, these exercises have grown in scale, scope and complexity. This summer, a task force from the 2nd Stryker Cavalry Regiment conducted bilateral training that increased interoperability among U.S., Ro- manian and Bulgarian land forces. In addition, the control- ling headquarters was augmented by our sister services and allies to create a joint, combined staff. Exercises in Ro- mania and Bulgaria provide valuable experience at both the staff and unit levels and have been enhanced by JMTC’s ex- portable training capability. These exercises are Coalition enablers, introducing Romanian and Bulgarian forces to the latest tactics, techniques and procedures in preparation for their ISAF deployments. Ranges in both countries are not solely USAREUR training venues; they are also used by our sister services and other organizations, making them year- round training locations of choice. JMTC is a valuable element of USAREUR’s initiatives to build partner capacity. Soldiers at Grafenwöhr and Hohen- U.S. and Bulgarian soldiers train together on the rocket-propelled grenade range in the summer 2008 training exercise in Bulgaria. October 2009 I ARMY 119 Year of the NCO is demonstrating military professionalism to NCOs of other nations while influencing the develop- ment of the NCO corps of European armies. JMTC was the primary location for Austere Challenge 2009 (AC09), the joint task force (JTF) certification exercise for USEUCOM. During this exercise, USAREUR headquar- ters was certified to perform as the core of a JTF/joint forces land component command—a significant step in our headquarters’ modular transformation. In late 2008, US- AREUR headquarters migrated to a functional staff align- ment from a traditional Napoleonic design. During AC09, the new staff construct—with a joint manning document rounded out by our sister services—tested the staff’s abil- ity to successfully plan and execute full spectrum opera- tions. AC09 also provided the first opportunity to test the reach-back capabilities of this headquarters. Certification as a JTF-capable headquarters adds a significant new di- mension to USAREUR, USEUCOM and the total force. As our Army becomes increasingly more expeditionary, cultural awareness and the ability to interact with many cultures with confidence have become more important. USAREUR soldiers, through repeated interaction with for- eign militaries, develop the confidence to operate in unfa- miliar cultural and social scenarios. Multinational training experiences instill the expeditionary mind-set required to operate in foreign environments. Similarly, our soldiers and families experience different perspectives and develop increased cultural awareness by interacting with host-na- tion citizens. These are benefits to a forward presence that cannot be replicated in the United States. In addition to experiencing different cultures, USAREUR families enjoy a quality of life that is steadily improving. U.S. and Polish NCOs test teamwork and problem-solving We are committed to taking care of the all-volunteer force, skills on the Leaders Reaction
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