Liu Shao-chi

ADDRESS AT THE MEETING IN CELEBRATION OF THE 4OTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDING OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF CHINA

*

FORHIGN LA},IGUAGES PRESS PEKING Liu Shao-chi

. ADDRESS AT THE UNNUUG I1\ CELEBRATION OF THB 4OT[I ANNIVERSARY OF THE FOUNDING OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF CHINA

FOREIGN LANGUAGES PRESS

PEKING 1961 . qrTF ll3ll:':

CONTENTS

Address at the Meeting in Celebration of the 40th Anni- versary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China Liu Shao-chi

Appendices: . Carry tr'orward the Party's Fine Tradition Hongqi. editorial 2t Forty Great and Glorious Years Remmin Ribao editorial 31

Printed i,n the People's Republic of ahina rf

ADDRESS AT T}XE MEETING IN CELEBRATION OF THE 4OTH ANNIVERSARY OF' TI{E FOUI{DING OF' TIIE COMMUNIST PAITTY OF' CHINA (June 30, 1961)

LIU SI{AO-CHI

Comrades and Friends, 'We are gathered here today to celebrate the 40th anniversar.y of the founding of the Communist Party of China. The forty years since the founding of the Communist party of China have been years during which our party has led the people of the whole country in heroic struggles and in achiev- ing great victories, years during which Marxism-Leninism has spread widely in China and has rvon great victories. Before the founding of the Communist party of China the Chinese people waged a long struggle against imperialism and feudalism, with new fighters always stepping forward as others fell, a struggle that moves us to song and tears. However, they never attained genuine victory. It was not until Marxism- Leninism spread to china following the Great october socialist Revolution in Russia that the Chinese people found the best theoretical weapon for their liberation. The Communist party of China wielded this,,veapon and formulated the correct objec- tives, policies and methods for the struggle to liberate the Chinese people. From then on the march of the Chinese peo- ple from victory to victory has been irresistible" Dlrring these forty years the Communist Party of China, to- gether with the Chinese people, has accomplished a great deal. of 650 million, under the leadership of the Communist Party To sum up, what has been accomplished consists mainly of of China, the people's democratic revolution has won complete two important things: victory, the socialist revolution has won decisive victory and First, we carried out the people's democratic revolution in socialist construction has won initial victory. Both before and bour- China. Because of its weakness the Chinese national after the October Revolution Lenin predicted many timeb that geoisie could not lead China's bourgeois-democratic revolution the Chinese revolution and the revolutions in other Asian coun- to victory. The responsibility of leading this revolution had tries would exert a profound and far-reaching influence on the to be shouldered by the proletariat. For a very long time course of human history. His prediction has begun to come many people tried to establish in China the system of a bour- true. Undoubtedly, the victory of the Chinese revolution has geois republic, but all these attempts ended in bankruptcy. In changed to a certain degree the international balance of forces China, if a republic was to be set up, it had to be a people's in favour of the people of the world and against imperialism democratic republic under the leadership of the working class and all the reactionaries. This victory has therefore been and based on the worker-peasant alliance. Our Party united welcomed by the working people and peace-loving people the the people of the whole country and after twenty-eight years, world over. It has also incurred the enmity of the imperial- from 1921 to 1949, finally overthrew the reactionary rule of ists, the reactionaries of various countries and the Yugoslav imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism and estab- revisionist group. The imperialists, the reactionaries of vari- Iished the People's Republic of China. ous countries and the Yugoslav revisionist group have been Second, we have been carrying out the socialist revolution and are cursing us venomously and will go on doing so. This and socialist construction in China. We have been doing this is inevitable and not surprising. But it will not harm us in for the past twelve years and we are continuing to do it. The the slightest. founding of the People's Republic of China marked the be- The historical facts of forty years have proved that the Com- ginning of the transition from the democratic to the socialist munist Party of China is a great, glorious and correct Marxist- revolution. The Chinese people's democratic state po.,ver is Leninist poiitical party. It has been unswerving in its loyalty people and the Chinese na- in essence the dictatorship of the proletariat, In the past twelve to the interests of the Chinese before domestic or foreign years we have basically completed the socialist revolution and tion. It has never bent nor flinched has led the Chinese people to great victories and have achieved immense successes in socialist construction. A enemies. It greater very long time is still required to build China into a great will lead them to still victories. over the forty years of history, we pay socialist country with modern industry, modern agriculture As we look back high tribute to our glorious martyrs to the cause of communism and modern science and culture. And a longer historical period and the cause of the liberation of the Chinese people. Among is required to realize the transition from socialism to com- them were many members of the Communist Party, many munism. Nevertheless, anyone can see that the socialist working people and. many persons outside the Party. In the system is already established in this great land of China and struggle they gave their last blood and sacrificed their lives. that China is no longer a stagnant countr5r but is forging ahead They will live in our hearts for ever ! vigorously. The history of the Communist Party of China is the history It is a great event in the history of the development of pf the ever closer integration of the universal truth of Marxism- ffiarxism-J,eninism that in a large country with a popqlatio! fl

Leninism with the concrete practice of the chinese rervolution. certain periods, however, some Rigtrrt and sorne "Left" errors Comrade Mao Tse-tung has said, "The victor.ies of the revolu- were committed. The most serious of these were the Right tion and construction in our country are all victories of opportunist error of Chen Tu-hsiu in 1927 and tire Marxism-Leninism. The ideological principle consistenUy third "Left" dogmatist error 1931 1934 under followed by our Party is to link closely the theory of Marxism- of to the ]eadership oi Com- teninism and the practice of the Chinese revo1ution.,, rade Wang Ming. These errors all violated what Comrade Mao Tse-tung correctly advocated and they inflicted losses In every historical period of our party it has been the leader on the Party and the cause of the people's The of our Party, Comrade Mao Tse-tung, who has stood at the revolution. many experiences, positive and very forefront and who has been the most able in integrating negative, tirat were accurnu- lated by our Party struggle educated the universal truth of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete in its the whole Party practice of China. and raised the level of political consciousness of the comrades. Confronted with the extreme cornplexity of the Chinese rev- Under the leadership of Comrade Mao Tse-tung, the Party olution, Comrade Mao Tse-tung correctly posed and resolved overcame both the Right and the "Left" errors. The Tsunyi a series of theoretical and tactical problems, thus enabling the Meeting of January 1935 estabiished Cornrade Mao Tse-tung's Chinese revolution to steer clear of one shoal after another and leadership throughout the Party. Since then, our revolutionary to capture one position after another. cause has proceeded much more smoothly. Proceeding from a concrete analysis of the classes in Chinese The rectification movement launched in the Party in 1942, society, Comrade Mao Tse-tung charted the historical course which lasted more than three years, gave the cadres of the of the Chinese revolution. He pointed out that the Chinese whole Party a profound education, and they learned more about revolution must advance in two steps, the first was the pcople,s how to integrate the universal truth of Marxism-Leninism with democratic revolution and the second, the socialist revolution. the qoncrete practice of the Chinese revolution. The general The enemies of China's democratic revolution were imperial- line and various specific policies of the Farty came to be ism, feudalisrn and bureaucrat-capitalism and they *"rL ,r"ry really understood by the overwhelming majority of the Party's powerful. But the latent revolutionary strength of the Chi- cadreS. The style of linking onesel.f with the masses, of in- nese people was even more powerful. The peasantry con- vestigating and studying and of seeking truth from facts be- stituted the overwhelming majority of the population of our came the unified style of the Farty. Consequently, at the country" By forming a solid worker-peasant alliance with the Seventh Congr-ess of the Party in 1945, the whole Party at- broad masses of peasants and by uniting on the basis of this tained unprecedented unity under the banner of Mao Tse- alliance with the people of various nationalities and of aII tung's thinking. This ensured that after the conclusion of the revolutionary strata, the Chinese working class could clefeat War of Resistance Against Japarr, our Party could correctly these powerful enemies. Comrade Mao Tse-tung correctly re- lead the masses of the people of the whotre country to wage solved problems the of the peasant movement, armed struggle, the great People's War of Liberation successfully, and thus the united front and the building of the Party; these were the speedily win complete victory in the people's democratic most fundamental problems of China's democratic revolution. revolution. During most of the twenty-eight long years of our country,s On the occasion of the 28th anniversary of the founding of democratic revolution, our Party's leadership was correct. In the Communist Party of China, Comrade Mao Tse-tung puio- ,t

Iished his well-known article, "On the People's Democratic torship;we summed up our Party's experience in its industrial Dictatorship." This articie explained the titanic changes that and commercial policies in the revolutionary base areas; and had taken place since Chinese progressives adopted the prole- in accordance with the concrete conditions of our country after tarian world outlook as the instrument for studying the nation's liberation, we carried out the combined potricy of utilizing, re- destiny. The article summed up our basic experience in the stricting and transforrning capitalist indu.stry and cornmerce period of the democratic revolution. At the same time, on the and used various forms of state capitalisn'1, ranging from the basis of the specific conditions of our country, it pointed out lor,ver to the higher, in order to achieve this transforrnation. the fundamental road for the transition from the democratic In the course of executing the principles and policies just to the socialist revolution. mentioned, the Central Committee of the Party corrected. in After the establishment of the People's Republic of China good time certain Right and "Left" deviations which occurred. we carried out the anti-feudatr land reform in the newly liberat- Meanwhile, in various movements we constantly summed up ed areas and at the same time we waged the great strr.rggles to our experiences and formulated a whole set of specific policies suppress counter-revolutionaries and to resist U.S. aggression that were needed to put into effect the general line for social- and aid Korea; thereby we further cleared the way for the ist transformation. The result rn'as that the more than 500 socialist revolution and for socialist construction in our country. rnillion peasants led by the working class took the road of so- Guided by the general line and the various specific policies cialism in not too long a period of time and in circumstances for the period of transil,ion to socialism which were laid down where agriculture was not yet mechanized. Moreover, this by the Party's Centi:al Comn-rittee headed by Comrade Mao promoted the socialist transformation of individual handi- Tse-tung, our sociaList revolution may be said to have proceed- crafts and of capitalist indusl,ry and commerce. ed comparatively rapidly and smoothly. The struggle as between the socialist and the capitalist road On the socialist transformation of agriculture: We applied has not ended with the basic completion of the socialist rev- Lenin's theory of the worker-peasant alliance under the dic- olution in the ownership of the means of production, and tatorship of the proletariat and his theory of agricultural co- this struggle will go on for a long time especially on the poiit- operation;we summed up the experience we had gained in our ical and ideoiogicai fronts. In L957, the socialist revolution revolutionary base areas. in the movernent for agricultural in our country won a decisive victory on the potritical and mutual aid and co-operation; and in accordance with the con- ideological fronts. We should follow the direction Comrade crete conditions of our country after liberation, we relied on IVIao Tse-tung set forth in his arLicle, "On the Correct Handl- the poor peasants and lower middle peasants, united firrnly ing of Contradictions Within the Ranks of the Peop).e," draw with the rest of the middle peasantry, used various transitional a sharp line between two fundamentally different kinds of forms and thus enabled our agricuJ.ture to change frorn an in- contradictions - those betweerr the enerny and ourselves and dividual economy to a socialist collective economy. those within the lanks of the people - and adopt different On the socialist transformation of the industry and corn- methods for resolving continuously tl-re two different kinds merce of the nationaL bourgeoisie: We applied Marx's idea of contradictions that arise in the course of the struggle that in certain condiiions the proletariat may adopt a betrveen the two roads. Except in the case of enemies, over potricy of buying out the bourgeoisie and Leniu's ideas con- whom dictatorship mu.st be exercised, 'r.rr€ rrrust resolutely cerning the policy of state capitalism under proletarian dicta- carry out the policy, "proceed Jnom the desire for unity, ,t

distinguish between right and wrong through criticism or tural co-operatives joining together. Thus the general line, struggle, and arrive at new unity on,a new basis," in order to the big leap forward and the people,s commune have become resolve the contradi.ctions within the ranks of the people. the Three Recl Banners that are leading the Chinese people During the period of socialist transformation, our Party, forward. basing itself on the policy put forward by Comrade Mao Tse- During the three years of the big leap forward, the key tung for carrying out socialist construction side by side with targets set for industry in the Second Five-Year Plan have socialist transfor"rnaiion, achieved great success in the field of been fulfilled ahead of schedule, a fairly large modern in- nati.onal economic construction, success without paralle1 in Chi- dustrial base has been built and consequently the pro- nese history. ductive capacity of the basic industries has increased two or Comrade Mao Tse-tung and the Central Committee of our more times. In agriculture, water conservancy projects have Party applied the Marxist-Leninist theory on socialist con- been undertaken extensively, and thus conditions essential for struction, drew on the experiences of the Soviet Union and the future development of agricultural production have been other socialist countries in construction, and on the basis of created. In the fields of culture and education there has our experience in carrying out the First Five-Year Plan for- also been great progress over the last three years. muLated the general line for China's socialist construction Inspired by the Three Red Banners the geheral line, the the general line of, going all out, aiming high and achieving- big leap forward, and the people's -corunune the broacl more, faster, better and more economical resuLts in br,rilding masses of workers, peasants and intellectuals have- displayed socialism. great enthusiasm and creativeness on every front of construc- What is the basic significance of this general line? It is to tion. During the big-leap-fortvard movement the masses of utilize to the maximum the enormous potentiality of the the people have brought their mighty strength into play to socialist system for developing the productive forces of create a new life and make a,new history. society, mobilize all the positive factors, unite with all the The facts have proved that it is absolutely right and entirely forces that can be united with, put into effect the series of necessal-y for the Communist Party of China and the Chinese policies of "walking on two Iegs," and develop our national people to hold high the Three Red Banners of the general line, economy in a plannecl and proportionate way and at high speed the big leap forward and the people's cornmune. so that our countr)r can change at a comparatively fast rate Our general line is developed and perfected through practice, from a backward into an advanced country. and the various specific policies and specific measures essen- Today our country is still economically backward. Im- tial for its realization have also to be developed and perfected perialism continues to bultry us. The people of our country gradually through practice. During the big leap forward of urgently demand an end to this backwardness. There is not the last three years we have had tremendous achievements, the slightest doubt that our Party's general line for socialist and the general line and the various specific policies and construction conforrns to the aspirations of the whole people. measures have all been developed. At the same time, there Guided by the Party's general line for socialist construction, have also been quite a few shortcomings in our work which, our gountry has rnade big leaps forward for three consecutive together with the serious natural calamities of the two suc- years beginning with 1958. Meanwhile, in our countryside cessive years, have given rise to some temporary diffieulties. there have emerged the people's communes formed by agricul- In a large country like ours with a population of 6b0 million, il

economically and culturally backward, it a country that is Liberation Army who are defending our motherland! We pay would be inconceivable such a new undertaking as socialist for tribute to all the cadres and Party members who are r,vorking proceed shortcomings, run- construction to without without diligenily and conscientiously at all posts of struggle! experience has proved ning into any difficulty. Historical The working class is the leading force in forging the great frighten us; on the that no difficulty, no shortcoming, can unity of the whole nation. The workers of our country will contrary, we have always steeled ourselves and become keep on playing their vanguard role in the construction wo.k stronger and more correct in the course of extending our of the country. The working class should continue to raise achievements and overcoming all kinds of difficulties and its class consciousness, shoulder its responsibility as the lead- shortcomings. We are fuily confident that, under the leader- ing class even better and prove itself by deeds to be the class ship of the Central Committee of the Party headed by Com- most capable of championing the interests of the rade Mao Tse-tung and under the guidance of the Three Red whole people. The worker-peasant alliance is the Banners, the whole Party and the whole people will surely foundation of the great unity of the people of unite as one, overcome temporary difficulties and continue the whole country. In our socialist construction our triumphant march forward. we can create favourable prerequisites for de_ veloping The forty years' history of the Chinese Communist Party the entire national economy only when we bring has proved that China's advance in revolution and construc- into full play the enthusiasm and creativeness of the more tion is inseparably linked with the great unity of the whole than 500 million peasants, raise labour productivity in agricul- people. This great unity under the leadership of the Com- ture, and comprehensively develop a[ the various branches munist Party of China is the fundamental guarantee of victory of agricultural production. We must firmly carry out the in all our undertakings. basic policy put forward by Comrade Mao Tse-tung that The great unity of the Chinese people has been forged in agriculture should be the foundation and induslry the guiding the course of prolonged struggles for revolution and construc- factor for the development of the national economy. Industry tion, it has stood all tests and it is therefore the firmest kind and other departments concerned must go all out in support of of unity. agriculture and do everything possible to increase the output Credit for aII our achievements should go to the masses of means of production for it, so as to meet the needs of of the people of all the nationalities of our country. While agricultural development. Party committees and people,s celebrating the 40th anniversary of the founding of the Com- governments at all leveIs should conscientiously, thoroughly munist Party of China, we pay tribute to the workers, and completely carry out the series of policies and measures professors, peasants, engineers and technicians, teachers, concerning the rural people's communes 1aid down by Comrade economic fieId, cultural workers, scientists, workers in the lVlao Tse-tung and the Central Committee of the party, place people are public health workers, and other working who the people's communes, with ownership by the production on heroic struggles and working hard on all fronts! carrying brigades as their basis, on a sound footing and consolidate them, pay the patriotic democratic parties, democratic We tribute to and bring into full play the superiority of the people,s commune personages, national bourgeoisie and overseas compatriots system in promoting agricultural production. that have long co-operated with our Party! We pay The intellectuals are an important force, indispensable to tribute to all the commanders and fighters of the People's the success of our socialist construction. rn our country their 10 11 U

order to do a good job in the interests of the great unity ranks are constantly expanding, and they have made great In of the whole people and in the interests of socialist construc- progress in remoulding themselves ideologically. They have tion, all members of our Party must, under the leadership of made valuable contributions on aII fronts of socialist construc- the Central Committee, raise their ideological and political We should continue to enlarge the ranks of intellectuals tion. level further, perfect the Party organizations and strengthen and continue the policy of "a hundred flowers blossom and a the unity of the Party. hundred schools of thought contend," so that the cause of Our Party now has more than 17 million members. Eighty socialist science and culture may flourish still more in our per cent of them have joined the Party since the founding country. of the People's Republic of China, and 70 per cent have joined The great unity of the people of our country, the people's since 1953. They are the Party's new blood but lack ex- democratic united front of our country, comprises two perience, and many of them have not yet had systematic is the alliance of the working class with the alliances Marxist-Leninist education. Those who joined the Party peasants and other working people, the other is the alliance before liberation have gone through sanguirrary revolutionary between the working people and those non-working people struggles and are now the backbone of our Party, but while whom co-operation is possible. We should continue to with familiar with revolution they have not yet had adequate ex- the policy "long-term coexistence and mutual carry out of perience in socialist construction. Therefore, all Party mem- democratic parties, unite all the supervision" with the with bers, whether old or new, have a serious task before them, forces that can be united with and mobilize all positive factors that is, they must Iearn socialist construction, conscientiously that can be mobilized so as to serve the cause of socialism. and systematically. Since the socialist transformation of the ownership of the Comrade Mao Tse-iung has said, "The important thing is to means of production, the members of the national bourgeoisie be good at learning," At present the most important task is in our country have made new advances in educating and re- to unfold a new campaigri of study throughout the Party. moulding themselves politically and ideologically. We should The primary purpose of this campaign is to help all Party help them to continue their fundamental remoulding so that cadres further to understaqd and grasp the objective laws of " they will become conscious socialist working people. China's socialist construction, so that we can build socialism The Communist Party oI China is the core around which the in our country with more, faster, better and more economical people of the whole country are united for socialist construc- results. A1l Party members and cadres should study con- tion. Comrade Mao Tse-tung said at the Eighth National Con- scientiously the basic Marxist-Leninist principles of socialist gress of the Communist Party of China held in September 1956: revolution and socialist construction, study the theoretical and There are over 10 million members in our Party, yet practical problems of China's socialist construction as elucidat- ed Comrade Mao Tse-tung on the of Marxist-Leninist they constitute only a very small minority of the country's by basis principles, the general and the various specific population. In the various organs of the state and in public study line policies of socialist construction as lormulated the Central affairs a great deal of work has to be done by non-Party by Committee of the Party, and study the experience in socialist people. It is impossible to get the work done well unless construction of the Soviet Union and other fraternal coun- we are good at relying on the masses and co-operating with As for the large number of new Party members, they non-Party people. tries. t2 13 t

must in addition be given basic education in Marxism-Leninism and basic knowledge of the Party. isolated quotations from certain books. trt is well known that these erroneous Through this' campaign of study all Palty cadres should tendencies caused setbacks of various kinds Chinese consciously improve their style of work and further develop to the revolution. Our comrades must bepr this lesson in mind, must the traditional Marxist-Leninist style of our party. To do in their work adhere to the style of seeking truth from as this, we must, as Comrade Mao Tse-tung has consistently said, facts advocated by Comrade Mao Tse- learn how to use the theory and method of Mar-xisn-Leninism tung, and must prevent or overcome every kind of subjectivist to make meticulous investigations and studies of the environ- sty1e. Our good ment and to derive from objective reality inherent laws, and Party is at learning. When we began, we had no experience of the democratic not imaginary laws, as our guide to action. Cornrade Ma

29 organizations at all levels should regard the work of educating cadres and of improving their calibre as an immediate task of great importance. With the education given them by the Party and the help of the masses, the broad mass of cadres, through their own painstaking efforts and modest learrr.ing, FORTY GREAT AND GLOR,IOUS YEARS will certainly be able constantly to raise their own Ievel. and (Renmin Riboo Editorial, July 1, 1961) improve their method and stytre of work. Let our entire Party, under the leadership of our party,s Central Committee headed by Comrade Mao Tse-tung, unite Forty years have gone by since the birth of the Communist with the people of our whole country, hold high the Three Red Party of China. The history of these forty years has proved Banners of the general line, the big leap forward and the that our Party is great, glorious and correct. people's cornmune, continue our advance with fuII confidence The and march from victory to still greater victory. Communist Party of China was built up on the founda- tion of Marxism-Leninism and has advanced continuously under the banner of Mao Tse-tung's thinking. Our Party has consistently adhered to the principle of closely integrating the universal truth of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete practice of China. The forty years' history of the Communist Party of China is a history of the victorv of Marxism-Leninism in a great country in the East, with one-fourth of the world population. In the past forty years, under the guidance of the general lines . for the democratic revolution, for the socialist revolu- tion and for socialist construction p,t forwarcl by the chinese Communist Party, China's revolution a,d construction have won continuous and splendid victories. During the democratic revolution, the Chinese Communist Party and the chinese people waged a protracted, difficult and complex struggle, overthrew the reactionary rule of im_ perialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism, established the chinese People's Republic and opened a new epoch in chinese history. The 650 million people of China havb stood up on their feet. They have become masters of their own destiny. This victorv is of great significance hoth in Chinese and world history,

31 After the victory of the democratic revolution in China, the conservancy work and certain improvements in agricultural Chinese Communist Party has again led the people of the technical installations have combined to reduce the losses in- whole country to great victories in the socialist revolution and curred, and moreover have created favourable conditions for socialist construction. We have with comparative rapidity and raising agricultural production in the future. There hab been smoothness basicalty carried out the socialist transformation considerable development in the cultural and educational ac- of the ownership of the means of production and have won a tivities of our country, too. Such a striking success as achieved decisive victory in the socialist revolution on the ideological during the big leap forward of the past three years could not and political fronts. AlI this has enabled the limitless creative possibly have been achieved in ordinary times. The facts have power lying latent among the hundreds of millions of working proved that this general line mirrors the aspirations of the people to burst out, freed the productive forces from the fet- masses of the people to change the "poor and b1ank" state of ters of the old production relations, and thus created favourable China and build socialism quickly and that it conforms to the conditions for the rapid development of the national economy objective reality of China and is fu1ly correct. in our country. For forty years our Party and the whole nation have been In May 1958, by applying the Marxist-Leninist theory of able to overcome difficulties step by step and win victories in socialist construction, the Communist Party of China, at the the"arduous and complicated struggle; this is inseparable from Second Session of its Eighth National Congress, summed up the correct leadership of Comrade Mao Tse-tung. Comrade the experience of revolution and construction in the preceding Mao Tse-tung always adheres to the principle of integrating period and formulated the general line of going all out, aiming the universal truth of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete high and getting more, faster, better and more economical re- practice of China and has creatively settled a series of theoret- sults in building socialism. Guided and inspired by this general ical and practical questions concerning the Chinese revolu- line, the people of the whole country are high in spirits, tion and construction. He has led us in overcoming various and there has emerged a big leap forward in our national Right and "Left" errors within our Party, and this has enabled economy for three successive years. Throughout the vast rural the political and ideological level of the whole Party to rise areas, people's communes have been set up, formed by the constantly. Comrade Mao Tse-tung's correct leadership is of joining together of the advanced type of agricultural co-opera- decisive importance for the victory of our Party and the tives. In the past three years, the people aII over the country Chinese people. have held aloft the Three Red Banners - the general line, the The victory of the Chinese revolution and construction is big leap forward and the people's commune, valiantly pressed the outcome of the heroic struggles of the broad masses of the ahead and made tremendous achievements in all spheres of Chinese people united as one under fhe leadership of the Com- work. During these three years,, our industry has raised the munist Party of China. Comrade Mao Tse-tung said: "A basic Ievel of its productive forces to a fairly great extent, con- principle of Marxism-Leninism is to enable the masses to know siderably strengthened its material and technical base, and their own interests and unite to fight for their own interests." fulfilled ahead of schedule the major targets set forth in the What our Party has done in the past forty years has been to Second Five-Year PIan. In agriculture, despite the successive arouse and educatc: the masses to get united and fight for their serious natural calamities in 1959 and 1960, the superiority of own interests. The Communist Party of China has always great the people's commune, the development of rural Watef gpfegUarded the interests of the masses of the Beople, uq-

8e swervingly relied on their support and regarded the people as In th.e struggle o[ tlro 1'rcople oI the world {or peace, national the only source of its strength. In our prolonged struggle of liberation, democrucy and socialism, the Chinese people have the revolution and construction, our Party has established the actively made thc contribution incumbent on them. In accord- closest relations with the broad masses of the people. They see ance with the principles of Marxist-Leninist internationalism, in the Chinese Communist Party alone their most reliable China and the Soviet Union and the other socialist countries guide and they are firm in their belief that the Party's leader- are united in the great family of the socialist camp and have guarantee ship is the of their Iiberation and their success in established unbreakable, fraternal relations of friendship, co- aIl spheres of work. It is by relying on the confidence and operation and mutuaL assistance. The Chinese people have support of the people of various nationalities, on the alliance always held aloft the anti-imperialist banner, firmly supported of the working class, the peasantry and the revolutionary in- the revolutionary struggle of the oppressed nations and op- tellectuals, and on the co-operation of the various democratic pressed peoples and opposed the policy of war and aggression classes, democratic parties, democrats without party affiliation of imperialism headed by the United States. The Chinese and all the other patriotic and democratic forces with our People's Volunteers, together with the Korean People's Army, Party that we have won the victory of today. Our Party is heroically defeated the U.S. imperialist aggressors. The Chi- united, our people are united and the various nationalities, nese people resolutely oppose U.S. imperialist aggression and democratic parties and the other patriotic elements in our its war threats against China, and are determined to liberate country are united. This unity has been forged and steeled their territory Taiwan. The Chinese people actively support in the prolonged struggles in the revolution and construction; the national democratic movements in Asia, Africa and Latin it has stood various tests and is the firmest. America and regard this as their noble international duty. The Chinese revolution is the continuation of the October China is a sponsor of the famous Five Principles of Peaceful Revolution. The struggle of the Chinese people has received Coexistence. On the basis of the Five PrincipleS, our country in various ways support frorn the international proletariat and has established friendly relations with many countries. We the people in all parts of the wor1d. The victory of the Chi- sha1l continue to strive for peaceful coexistence with nations nese people has in turn r"endered support to the international of different social systems on the basis of the Five Principles working-class movement and the revolutionary struggles of and oppose the imperialist policy of aggression and policy of the people all over the world. The Statement of the Meeting war. The foreign policy of peace pursued by our country of Representatives of Communist and Workers' Parties in 1960 is welcomed by aII the peace-loving peoples and countries pointed out: in the world. No matter how U.S. imperialism cudgels its btains in trying to isolate us, it can never prevent our country The people's revolution crushing in China dealt a from establishing extensive and friendly ties with the people blow at the positions of imperialism Asia and contributed in in all parts of the world. We have friends all over the globe. great measure in to the balance of the world forces chang- Trying to isolate us our enemies have got themselves isolated giving ing in favour of socialism. By a further poqerful instead. Internationally, China's stature is rising higher and impetus to the national-Iiberation movement, it exerted higher and its influence is spreading wider and wider. tremendous influence on the peoples, especially those of Today, the international situation is extremely favourabie to Asia, Africa and Latin America. us. Since the Meeting of Representatives of Communist and l Workers'Parties, utrder Marxism-Leninism, the banner of both practicnl ol' (llrirrlr's socialist construction as elucidat- the international communist movement and the socialist carnp ;tt'olrlcntr ed by Cotrrlirrlr' lVlro'L'sc-tung on the basis of Marxist-Leninist have become more united than Yugoslav revisionism has ever. principlcs, sturly l,hc genelal line and the various specific poli- been spurned by the Communist and Workers' Parties one and cies of socialist construction as formulated by the Central Com- The struggle against imperialism and coloniaiism aII. in the mittee oI thc Party, and study the experience in socialist con- countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America is surging forward struction o[ the Soviet Union and other fraternal countries. to a new high The revolutionary and democratic tide. move- As for thc lalge number of new Party members, they must in ments in the capitalist countries are growing passing with each addition be given basic education in Marxism-Leninism and day. The imperialist bloc is continuaily heading towards spIit. basic knowledge of the Party. Thc struggle for the defence of world peace rides on the crest In celebrating the 40th anniversary of the founding of the of the waves forward. Victory for world peace, national lib- Communist Party of China, we have before our eyes the earth- eratioh, democracy and socialism is the main current of con- shaking changes that have taken place in our country in the temporary history, and nobody can hold this back. past forty years as the result of the heroic struggle waged by In the past forty years, our Party has traversed a great and our Party and the people of the whole country. The socialist glorious road. It has grown from small Marxist-Leninist groups system, free from exploitation of man by man, which was with only a few members each into a great party with more once held only as an ideal, has become reality in China. The than 17 million members, frr.:,m a revolutionary organization o1d China in the abyss of suffering has become a new China, oppressed by the reactionary regime into a party in power in Ilourishing and prosperous. We have accomplished great tasks a big country of 650 million people. Our Party knew little never undertaken by our forefathers, and we shall accomplish when it was in its infancy. Now, our Party has attained still greater ones. Our cause is great, our future is infinitely political maturity, quite nunrber cadres with a of well bright and our strength is invincible. As long as we closely versed in various spheres of work. It has a considerable unite with the people of the whole country and with the peo- number of veteran members, tested over the years, and large ple of the whole world and work vigorously and tirelessly, we numbers of new members, Iresh and vigorous, are who the wiII certainly build China into a powerful socialist country Party's new blood, activists emerging {rom various struggles, with modern industry, modern agriculture and modern science many of them possessing special professional knowledge in and culture. Let us hold aloft the banner of Mao Tse-tung's the fields of science, technology and culture. Of course, we thinking and valiantl5r march forward! must not become complacent, we still have to study hard. As Comrade Liu Shao-chi pointed out in his speech at the meeting held in celebration of the 40th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, a new campaign of study should be started throughout the Party to help aii its cadres further to understand and grasp the objective laws of China's socialist construction, That is to say, we must make strenuous efforts to study the basic Marxist-Leninist principles of socialist rev- olution and socialist construction, study the theoretical and xt .> 7i AE,',,n+'E+Pft Df iU E+lfifftf tA9#rE + 2f .t rtllfi lt: ttt)E(lr rii) 1961+9 Arfi-t[x iff 8: ( j€ ) 30s0--4:lr (tii)00078 (+)00040