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Occupational Safety and Health Admin., Labor § 1918.85

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Occupational Safety and Health Admin., Labor § 1918.85 Occupational Safety and Health Admin., Labor § 1918.85 Frequent checks shall be made to en- job boss on the site and in charge of sure the safety of any employee work- loading or discharging, or every crane ing alone in a tank or cargo compart- or other hoisting equipment operator ment. and signalman, that such container is empty. Methods of identification may § 1918.84 Bulling cargo. include cargo plans, manifests, or (a) Bulling cargo shall be done with markings on the container. the bull line led directly from the heel (2) For a loaded container: block. However, bulling may be done (i) The actual gross weight shall be from the head of the boom when the plainly marked and visible to the crane nature of the cargo and the surface or other hoisting equipment operator over which it is dragged are such that or signalman, or to every supervisor or the load cannot be stalled, or when the job boss on site and in charge of the op- winch actually does not have sufficient strength, with the purchase used, to eration; or overload the boom. (ii) The cargo stowage plan or equiva- (b) Snatch blocks shall be used to lent permanently recorded display provide a fair lead for the bull line to serving the same purpose, containing avoid unnecessary dragging of the bull the actual gross weight and the serial line against coamings and obstruc- number or other positive identification tions. of that specific container, shall be pro- (c) Snatch blocks shall not be used vided to the crane or other hoisting with the point of the hook resting on equipment operator and signalman, the flange of a beam, but shall be hung and to every supervisor and job boss on from padeyes, straps, or beam clamps. site and in charge of the operation. Snatch blocks or straps shall not be (3) Every outbound container re- made fast to batten cleats or other in- ceived at a marine terminal ready to secure fittings. load aboard a vessel without further (d) Beam frame clamps shall be so se- consolidation or loading shall be cured as to prevent their slipping, fall- weighed to obtain the actual gross ing, or being pulled from their sta- weight, either at the terminal or else- tionary attachment. where, before being hoisted. (e) Falls led from cargo booms of ves- (4)(i) When container weighing scales sels shall not be used to move scows, lighters or railcars. are found at a marine terminal, any outbound container with a load con- § 1918.85 Containerized cargo oper- solidated at that terminal shall be ations. weighed to obtain the actual weight be- (a) Container markings. Every inter- fore being hoisted. modal container shall be legibly and (ii) If the terminal has no scales, the permanently marked with: actual gross weight may be calculated (1) The weight of the container when from the container’s contents and the empty, in pounds; container’s empty weight. The weights (2) The maximum cargo weight the used in the calculation shall be posted container is designed to carry, in conspicuously on the container, with pounds; and the name of the person making the cal- (3) The sum of the weight of the con- culation, and the date. tainer and the maximum cargo weight, (5) Open top vehicle-carrying con- in pounds. tainers, and those built specifically and (b) Container weight. No container used solely for the carriage of com- shall be hoisted by any lifting appli- pressed gases, are excepted from para- ance unless the following conditions graphs (b)(3) and (b)(4) of this section. have been met: (1) The employer shall determine (6) Closed dry van containers car- from the carrier whether a container to rying vehicles are exempted from para- be hoisted is loaded or empty. Before graph (b)(4) of this section if: loading or discharging, empty con- (i) The container carries only com- tainers shall be identified in a manner pletely assembled vehicles and no that will inform every supervisor and other cargo; 285 VerDate Mar<15>2010 10:37 Aug 04, 2010 Jkt 220115 PO 00000 Frm 00295 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Q:\29\29V7.TXT ofr150 PsN: PC150 § 1918.85 29 CFR Ch. XVII (7–1–10 Edition) (ii) The container is marked on the (C) The speed of hoisting and low- outside so that an employee can read- ering is moderated when heavily ily discern that the container is car- ladened containers 5 are encountered; rying vehicles; and (D) The lift angle is at 80 to 90 de- (iii) The vehicles were loaded into grees; the container at the marine terminal. (E) The distance between the lifting (7) The weight of loaded inbound con- beam and the load is at least 8 feet, 2.4 tainers from foreign ports shall be de- inches (2.5 m); and termined by weighing, by the method (F) The length of the spreader beam of calculation described in paragraph is at least 16.3 feet (5 m) for a 20-foot (b)(4)(ii) of this section or by shipping container, and at least 36.4 feet (11.1 m) documents. for a 40-foot container. (8) Any scale used within the United (ii) When hoisting containers from States to weigh containers for the re- bottom fittings, the hoisting connec- quirements of this section shall meet tions shall bear on the fittings only, the accuracy standards of the state or making no other contact with the con- local public authority in which the tainer. The angles of the four bridle scale is found. legs shall not be less than 30 degrees to (c) Overloaded containers. No con- the horizontal for 40-foot (12.19 m) con- tainer shall be hoisted if its actual tainers; 37 degrees for 30-foot (9.14 m) gross weight exceeds the weight containers; and 45 degrees for 20-foot marked as required in paragraph (a)(3) (6.1 m) containers. of this section, or it exceeds the capac- (iii) Lifting containers by fork lift ity of the lifting appliance. trucks or grappling arms from above or (d) Container inspection. (1) Prior to from one side may be done only if the hoisting, each container shall be in- container is designed for this type of spected for any visible defects in struc- handling. tural members and fittings that would (iv) Other means of hoisting may be make the handling of such container used only if the containers and hoist- unsafe. ing means are designed for such use. (2) Any container found to have such (2) Intermodal container spreaders. (i) a defect shall either be handled by a When using intermodal container special means to ensure safe handling spreaders that employ lanyards for ac- or shall be emptied before handling. tivation and load disengagement, all (e) Suspended containers. The em- possible precautions shall be taken to ployer shall prohibit employees from prevent accidental release of the load. working beneath a suspended con- (ii) Intermodal container spreaders tainer. that utilize automatic twist lock sys- (f) Lifting fittings. Containers shall be tems shall be designed and used so that handled using lifting fittings or other a suspended load cannot accidentally arrangements suitable and intended for be released. the purpose as set forth in paragraphs (g) Safe container top access. A safe (f)(1) and (f)(2) of this section, unless means of access shall be provided for damage to an intermodal container each employee required to work on the makes special means of handling nec- top of an intermodal container. Unless essary. ladders are used for access, such means (1) Loaded intermodal containers. shall comply with the requirements of Loaded intermodal containers of 20 feet § 1917.45(j) of this chapter. (6.1 m) or more shall be hoisted as fol- (h) Employee hoisting prohibition. Em- lows: ployees shall not be hoisted on inter- (i) When hoisting containers by the modal container spreaders while a load top fittings, the lifting forces shall be is engaged. applied vertically from at least four (i) Portable ladder access. When other such fittings. A less than vertical lift is safer means are available, portable lad- permitted only under the following ders shall not be used in gaining access conditions: (A) The container being lifted is an 5 A heavily laden container is one that is ISO ‘‘closed box container’’; loaded to within 20 percent of its rated ca- (B) The condition of the box is sound; pacity. 286 VerDate Mar<15>2010 10:37 Aug 04, 2010 Jkt 220115 PO 00000 Frm 00296 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Q:\29\29V7.TXT ofr150 PsN: PC150 Occupational Safety and Health Admin., Labor § 1918.85 to container stacks more than two con- (k) Fall protection systems. When fall tainers high. protection systems required by para- (j) Fall protection—(1) Containers being graph (j) of this section are employed, handled by container gantry cranes. (i) the following shall apply: After July 26, 1999, where a container (1) Each fall protection system com- gantry crane is being used to handle ponent, except anchorages, shall have containers, the employer shall ensure fall arrest/restraint as its only use. that no employee is on top of a con- (2) Each fall protection system sub- tainer. Exception: An employee may be jected to impact loading shall be im- on top of a container only to perform a mediately withdrawn from service and necessary function that cannot be not be used again until inspected and eliminated by the use of positive con- determined by a designated person to tainer securing devices. 6 be undamaged and suitable for use.
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