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Scanned Document Results From the U.S. Department ot Transportation Car Coupling Impact Tests Federal Railroad Administration of lntermodal Trailers and Containers Office of Research and Development Washington, D.C. 20590 Milton R. Johnson liT Research Institute 10 West 35th Street Chicago, Illinois 60616 DOT/FRNORD-88/08 March 1988 This document is available to the U.S. Final Report public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161. NOTICE This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof. T~chnicol Report Docum~ntation Pog• DOT/FRA/ORD-88/08 S. R~port Dote Results from the Car Coupling Impact Tests of ~1arch 1988 Intermodal Trailers and Containers 6 .. Prdormeny Orgon.•tohon Code I 8. P•rformut9 Or9onia:ohon R .. pott Ho. t-;--:--:-'--:-:-----------------------i1 1. Aulhor ol PQ6Q54 M. R. Johnson 9. P.rfo'""'"t Ortaruzotio" Name oncf Ad.Jress 10. Wo,Jo u,,, No. (TRAIS) liT Research Institute 10 W. 35th Street 1 l. Contro~t ot Gtont No. Chicago, Illinois 60616 DTFR53-85-P-00485 13. Trp• of Report oncl Poriocl Co••••cl ll. s,......... , A.., ...c, H-• -cl ... clclrou ---------------1 Fi na 1 Report Federal Railroad Administration 1985-1987 400 Seventh Street, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20590 16. Abauo.;l Results are presented from the car coupling impact and lift/drop tests which were conducted during April 1985 at the Transportation Test Center, Pueblo, Colorado, under the Safety Evaluation of Intermodal and Jumbo Tank Hazardous Material Cars Program. The program was conducted to develop in­ formation which can be used to analyze the safety of transporting hazard­ ous material containers by rail in Trailer on Flat Car (TOFC) or Container on Flat Car (COFC) service. One hundred and six separate car coupling impact tests were made. These tests included 10 different arrangements of cargo tanks (tank trailers) and intermoda 1 tank containers mounted on a flat car. The tests revealed no tendency for the trailers or containers to become dis 1odged from the flat car during the impact, although the design load on the container pedestal supports was exceeded on some of the higher speed tests. The trailer and container securement forces were sig­ nificantly larger for impacts on the A end of the car than on the B end. This showed that the properties of end-of-car cushioning devices were dif­ ferent at each end of the car. The tests produced only minor apparent damage on the trailers and containers, which did not affect the structural integrity of the tanks. There was, however, some damage to vents and valves which allowed some release of liquid. Eight drop tests were con­ ducted on the tank trailers where the front 1andi ng gear support 1egs of the trailer were 1 ifted off the ground and all owed to fall a short dis­ tance. These tests caused significant damage to the support legs of the trailer. 17. )(•y Wotdo Tra i 1 er-on-fl atca·r, Conta i ner-on-fl ate ar, Available to the Public through Intermodal,Cargo tanks, Portable tan~s, National Technical Information Coupling impacts Service, Sorinqfield, Virginia ??1h1 unclassified unc 1ass ifi ed 40 Form DOT F 1700.7 cs-121 i i i PREFACE The work described in this report was conducted by liT Research Institute (IITRI) under authorization of the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Contract No. DTFR53-81-C-00016, Task Order VC-5, and Contract No. DTFR53-85-P-00485. The work under these contracts included providing assistance in planning the Safety Evaluation of Intermodal and Jumbo Tank Hazardous Material Cars Test Program, and monitoring and preparing the final report for the car coupling impact tests conducted under this program. The test data were provided by the Transportation Test Center (TTC). The tests were conducted at TTC by the Association of American Railroads (AAR) under the direction of Mr. Firdausi Irani. Ms. Nancy Lightfoot and Mr. Kerry D. Hopkins assisted Mr. Irani in carrying out the test program and assembling the test data. The author also wishes to acknowledge Mr. George Kachadourian and Ms. Diane E. Boone of the MITRE Corporation, Metrek Division, for their assistance in planning the tests, monitoring certain of the test activities and helping in the evaluation of the test results. The FRA Contracting Officer's Technical Representative on this project was Mrs. Claire L. Orth. The author wishes to acknowledge the assistance provided by her during the conduct of the work. Respectfully submitted, ., '~ ·"r/' / G) /. 7;'()C fi/h, .J \ i J fvY'-41'\r -~ (. Milton R. Jo~nson Senior Engineering Advisor Railroad Technology Center Approved: A. R. Valentino Director Electromagnetics and Electronics iii METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS 9 23 Approximate Conversions to Metric Measures Approximate Conversions from Metric Measures - 22 : _ Symbol When You Know Multiply by To Find Symbol Symbol When You Know Multiply by To Find Symbol 21 8 - =-- =----20 LENGTH LENGTH ---19 mm millimeters 0.04 inches in --= :::; em centimeters 0.4 inches in in inches *2.5 centimeters em 7 -=: - 18 m meters 3.3 feet ft ft feet 30 centimeters em =-- m meters 1.1 yards yd yd yards 0.9 meters m - km kilometers 0.6 miles mi =: 17 mi miles 1.6 kilometers km - 16 AREA AREA - 6 : - 15 cm2 square centimeters 0.16 square inches in2 in2 square inches 6.5 square centimeters crn2 - m2 square meters 1.2 square yards yd2 ft2 square feet 0.09 square meters m2 _ _ km2 square kilometers 0.4 square miles mi2 yd2 square yards 0.8 square meters rn2 _ 14 ha hectares ( 10,000 m2) 2.5 acres mi2 square miles 2.6 square kilometers km2 - acres 0.4 hectares ha : - 13 5 ~· _ _ MASS (weight) MASS (weight)- - 12 oz ounces 28 grams g ---_- - 11 g g~ams 0.035 ounces oz lb pounds 0.45 kilograms kg - kg kilograms 2.2 pounds lb shorttons 0.9 tonnes t - _ t tonnes(1000kg) 1.1 shorttons 4 (2000 lb) = 10 VOLUME - - 9 VOLUME tsp teaspoons 5 milliliters ml -=:. - 8 ml milliliters 0.03 fluid ounces fl oz Tbsp tablespoons 15 milliliters ml 3 I liters 2.1 pints pt fl oz fluid ounces 30 milliliters ml : _ I liters 1.06 quarts qt c cups 0.24 liters 1 _ 7 I liters 0.26 ganons gal pt pints 0.47 liters 1 ----- _ m3 cubic meters 36 cubic feet ft3 qt quarts 0.95 liters 1 _ _ 6 m3 cubic meters 1.3 cubic yards yd3 gal gallons 3.8 liters ft3 cub~c feet 0.03 cub~c meters m3 2 _:; - 5 TEMPERATURE (exact) yd3 cub1c yards 0. 76 cub1c meters m3 4 TEMPERATURE (exact) ~ - °C Celsius 9/5 (then Fahrenheit OF _ temperature add 32) temperature °F Fahrenheit 5/9 (after Celsius oc -= 3 temperature subtracting temperature 1 : OF 32) -- 2 °F 32 98.6 212 -= -40 0 140 80 t 120 160 2001 *1 in.= 2.54 em (exactly}. F-or other exact conversions and more detail tables see _::: - 1 j I ,' I 11 11 I I I I I 11 I 1 1 1 I 11 I I I 11 I 1 I 11 I NBS Misc. Publ. 286. Units of Weight and Measures. Price $2.25 SO Catalog --= -40 -20 20 40 60 80 100 No. C13 10 286. inches : _ em oc 0 37 oc TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page No. 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Objectives 1 1.2 Scope 1 1.3 Organization of this Report 1 2. Background 3 2.1 Guidelines for Car Coupling Impact Tests 3 2.2 Guidelines for Lift/Drop Tests 4 2.2.1 Lift Test 4 2.2.2 Drop Test 4 3. Test Procedures and Configurations 5 3.1 Equipment 5 3.2 Test Procedures 6 3.3 Instrumentation 8 3.4 Test Configurations 9 4. Test Results 13 4.1 Configuration 2 Tests 13 4.2 Configuration 3 Tests 14 4.3 Configuration 4A and 4B Tests 15 4.4 Configuration 4C and 4D Tests 17 4.5 Configuration 4E Tests 19 4.6 Configuration 6 Tests 21 4.7 Configuration 7 Tests 21 4.8 Additional Results 22 4.8.1 Trailer and Container Damage 22 4.8.2 Effect of End-of-Car Cushioning Device on Securement Forces 24 4.8.3 Chassis Damage 24 5. Trailer Lift and Drop Tests 29 5.1 Introduction 29 5.2 Lift Tests 29 5.3 Drop Tests 30 6. Conclusions 33 6.1 Securement of Trailers and Containers to Flat Car 33 6.2 Trailer, Container and Chassis Damage 33 6.3 Condition of End-of-Car Cushioning Units on TTX Car 33 6.4 Liquid Sloshing Effects 33 6.5 AAR.600 Container Tests 34 6.6 Drop Test 34 6.7 Recommendations for Qualification Tests 34 List of..£i9ures 1. Type of Tank Trailer Used in Test 5 2. Sketches of Intermodal Containers Showing Principal Structural Features 7 of Each Design 3. Eurotainer Tank Container No. FR 2075 7 4. Eurotainer Tank Container No. FR 2074 7 5. DOT/FRA Intermodal Tank Container No. US 2272 7 6. Arrangement of Anvil Cars and Test Car on Test Track 8 7. Ins t rumen tat ion Van and Cable Connection to Test Car 8 8. Load Cell and Support Fixture Used to Measure Longitudinal Container Loads 8 9. Detail of Load Cell and Screw Used to Develop PreLoad for Measurement of 9 Longitudinal Container Loads 10.
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