JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS
ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 12, 2020
GRANARY MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT
C.G. Chandana Deepa1, M. Daphlin2, B. Gayathri3, G. Geethaa4, C.S. Madhumathi5
1,2,3,4,5Department of CSE, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],5 [email protected]
Received: 14 Feb 2020 Revised and Accepted: 25 April 2020
ABSTRACT: Agriculture plays the vital role in the economy of India,so food grains needed to be secured for proper distribution. In India grains are stored at granaries or warehouses following the old methods which brings many problems to grains due to rain,theft,temperature and humidity variation.This paper is used to solve these problems related to the food grains storage. Granary monitoring system using IOT is used to preserve these food grains using sensors and to monitor them from a remote location. KEYWORDS: IOT, Wifi module, MQTT Protocol
I. 1.INTRODUCTION Agriculture plays a major role in all countries and it is also directly connected to the economy. Food preservation is very important for the proper level of food supply, so there is a huge need for securing the food grains stored in the large warehouses. The main objective of this paper is to secure the food grains from any intruders, rodents, fire and to monitor the temperature and humidity to avoid contamination of the food grains. By this the stored food grains can be protected and can be distributed when required. In this paper Internet of Things is employed with sensors and MQTT protocol for detection and to monitor remotely. During storage food grains are contaminated due to the changes in the temperature, insects and microorganisms. IOT can be used in the field of agriculture for improvising the food production, transportation and also for food preservation [1, 2]. This system allows the Owners of the Warehouses to monitor the food grains remotely and to alert them of any changes in the warehouse.
II. INTERNET OF THINGS IOT is the system of interrelated devices which are embedded with sensors, electronics and software which enables for proper exchange of data over the network without involving any human intervention. IOT provides device-to- device communication and to maintain the transparency in the process. The essential data is collected with the help of these devices and them gets to be flowed between other devices. It easily identifies each thing using the IOTs embedded computing system and it enables to interoperate within the internet infrastructure. Internet of Things enables to sense and control the objects remotely and resulting in providing high-level of accuracy, efficiency with minimal cost [3]. Internet of Things provides opportunities for more direct integration of physical materials with the technologies to provide better results. ⮚ IOT in Agriculture: Internet of Things in the field of agriculture is enabling automation reducing human interaction and plays a main role by reducing huge losses. IOT Applications in the field of agriculture are useful for gaining the data on rainfall, temperature, humidity, pest notification. In farming we have plenty of IOT applications for gathering data about the temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind speed, pest infection and soil content. The collected data will be helpful in minimizing risk and waste, improving the quality and quantity of grains and finally to automate the farming techniques [4].
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ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 12, 2020
Figure.1. IOT in agriculture III. SYSTEM DESIGN The proposed granary monitoring system using IOT is represented as a block diagram. This granary monitoring system is designed in order to protect food grains from intruders, fire, changing temperature and humidity.
DTH11 Fire Fingerprint Sensor sensor
MQTT PIR Sensor ESP8266 Protocol
User
Figure 2. Block Diagram of Granary Monitoring system
IV. MQTT PROTOCOL Message Queuing Telemetry Transport is a machine-to-machine connectivity protocol. It is a light weight protocol which is useful for connection in remote locations. MQTT receives the input from the sensors and provides the details to the user which can be accessed remotely using its application. It is used to alert the user and to prevent loss.
Fire DTH11 sensor
MQTT
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ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 12, 2020
Fingerprint User sensor
Figure 3 Working of MQTT in this system
V. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS The hardware requirements for this system includes- 1.PIR Sensor 2.Fingerprint Sensor 3.DTH11 4.Fire Sensor 5.ESP8266 6.Buzzer
5.1 PIR Sensor: The main component of the project is PIR Sensor. The Passive Infrared sensor does not radiate energy for detection as in case of active infrared sensors. They usually detect and work entirely by infrared radiation (heat) emitted from object. Passive Infrared sensor is used to detect the motion of any intruders inside the granary. It could also detect the motion of insects in grains. The motion of intruders is altered to owner of granary by alarm and message notification. It helps the owners to safeguard the granary in the absence of them with the help of MQTT protocol [5][6].
Figure 4. PIR Sensor
5.2 Fingerprint Sensor: A fingerprint sensor is used to prevent the grains from the intruders. The sensor works by sensing the fingerprint of the owner. The user will be allowed to enter the granary only if he/she is a valid user. Else the alarm system will alert the owner. If the user’s fingerprint is valid then the PIR sensor will be put off avoiding unwanted detection. This fingerprint sensor’s output can be viewed in the MQTT application remotely[7][11-13].
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ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 12, 2020
Figure 5. Fingerprint Sensor
5.3 DTH11 Sensor: The purpose of the DTH11 sensor is to sense the temperature and humidity present in the warehouse. DTH11 calculates the humidity by estimating the electrical resistance between two electrodes. The DTH11 used to avoid the contamination of the food grain by altering the owner about the changes in the climate. DTH11 has a sampling rate of 1 Hz one reading every second and it has smaller body size.
Figure 6.DTH11 Sensor
5.4 Fire Sensor: The Fire sensor is used to sense the temperature of the environment. The device is activated by change or increase in the temperature that is present with fire. Once the device is activated , it sends the signal to the alarm system and MQTT protocol sends the notification to the phone. Then the fire alarm will be deactivated once the temperature is reduced or fire is shut off[9].
Figure 7. Fire Sensor
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ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 12, 2020
5.5 ESP8266: ESP8266 is also known as Wi-Fi microchip which is integrated with TCP/IP protocol, which helps the microcontroller to access the Wi-Fi network. This software is used to provide a wide range. ESP8266 can be designed with Arduino IDE. This ESP8266 is used to host an application. ESP8266 is used to monitor the warehouse by enabling the data to the MQTT application[10].
Figure 8. ESP8266
5.6 Buzzer: Buzzer is connected to the fire sensor and it alarms once the flame/fire is detected.
Figure 9. Buzzer
Fire Monitoring
No Yes Fire Buzzer Activated Detected?no
Figure 10. Flow diagram of Fire sensor and buzzer
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ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 12, 2020
VI. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
All the sensors have been tested and they are linked with ESP8266 and power supply is given. Buzzer is connected to Fire sensor. The sensor values are seen via MQTT application with the help of Wi-Fi module.
Figure 11. Connections of the module
Finger print sensor gets initaiated and waits for an valid finger.
Figure 12. Fingerprint sensor Initialization
Once anyone enters the warehouse PIR sensors the presence of object and reports it to the owner.
Figure 13.Object detection by PIR
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ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 12, 2020
The Owner can monitor the warehouse remotely using MQTT. It updates about the changes in the climate for every second and also about the detection of fire and Intruder in the warehouse.
Figure 14. Final output viewed in MQTT application
VII. CONCLUSION The granary monitoring system using IOT helps to achieve the food preservation at a higher level with the help of MQTT protocol and Sensors. On implementing these technologies this system can create an alert system for the warehouse owners to monitor the storage of grains and safeguard them from being damaged by many factors like fire accident, flood, rain, climatic changes, attacks of Rodents, insects etc. This system reduces the need of the human intervention and makes everything automosized giving better control over warehouse. Real time information will be provided by this system from collecting all the sensor readings. This system is mainly designed to help all the exporters to yield their production without any loss. This provides an efficient way of food security with the minimal cost.
VIII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We exress our special thanks and gratitude to our guide M.S. Madhumathi, Assistant professor for the guidance and the support provided during our UG project. This was only possible through her motivation and patience which helped us to research a lot related to our project and to apply some new technologies throughout the project. We are grateful to all the faculty members of the Computer Science Department for valuable suggestions to complete our project. We would like to specially thank our Prof. Dr. K. Vishnu Kumar -Head of Computer Science department for his continuous encouragement.
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[5] Ayushkhare, J. Goel, N. Bhatt and N. Kumar, " Raspberry Pi Home Automation System Using Mobile App To Control Devices," International Journal Of Innovative Research In Science, Engineering And Technology, vol. 6 (5), pp. 7997-8003, 2017. [6] Velliangiri, S., Sekar, R. and Anbhazhagan, P. (2020) ‘Using MLPA for smart mushroom farm monitoring system based on IoT’, Int. J. Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp.334–346 [7] Velliangiri, S., 2020. An Enhanced Multimedia Video Surveillance Security Using Wavelet Encryption Framework. Journal of Mobile Multimedia, 15, pp.239-254. [8] Tito R, Vasconcelos HL, Feeley KJ. Global climate change increases risk of crop yield losses and food insecurity in the tropical Andes. Glob Chang Biol. 2018;24(2):e592‐e602. doi:10.1111/gcb.13959 [9] S. Velliangiri, G. K. L. Kumar and P. Karthikeyan, "Unsupervised Blockchain for Safeguarding Confidential Information in Vehicle Assets Transfer," 2020 6th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS), Coimbatore, India, 2020, pp. 44-49 [10] Zheng, Xiao & Li, Lian & Shao, Yi. (2016). A GSM-Based Remote Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System for Granary. MATEC Web of Conferences. 44. 01060. 10.1051/matecconf/20164401060 [11] Joseph, S. Iwin Thanakumar, S. Velliangiri, and C. Sorna Chandra. "Investigation of Deep Learning Methodologies in Intelligent Green Transportation System." Journal of Green Engineering, vol.10,issue.3, pp. 931-950,2020 [12] R.Selvam , P.MVenkatesh, M.Shanmugapriya, S.Manisha “An Energy Conservation Opportunity in Paper and Pulp Industry”, Journal of Green Engineering, vol.9,issue.4, pp. 475-488,2019. [13] S.Lavanya Prabha, M.Surendar, M.Neelamegam,“Experimental Investigation of Eco-Friendly Mortar using Industrial Wastes”, Journal of Green Engineering, vol.9,issue.4, pp. 626–637,2019.
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