Paper presented to the 2020 IPS Virtual Conference Beyond the Dome: Amateur Telescope Making and Astronomical Observation at the Adler Planetarium Pedro M. P. Raposo Curator and Director of Collections, Adler Planetarium, Chicago, U.S.A
[email protected] Abstract: This paper uses the Adler Planetarium in Chicago as a case study in order to address the historical interplay between the ability to recreate astronomical phenomena indoors, which is central to the very concept of the modern planetarium, and the potential of planetaria to promote public engagement with the actual sky. It is shown that a solar telescope installed in the Adler Planetarium’s building, a longstanding liaison with local amateur telescope makers, programs and exhibits promoting the making of telescopes, and eventually the creation of a standalone public observatory all played an important role in crafting the Planetarium’s identity, and in firming its place in Chicago and among planetaria and science museums in general. 1. Introduction In his guide to the Adler Planetarium and Astronomical Museum, astronomer Philip Fox (1878-1944), the Planetarium’s first director, wrote: “visitors come to see a stirring spectacle, the heavens brought within the confines of museum walls”. 1 Though it was not Chicago’s first public planetarium, 2 the Adler Planetarium - thus named in honor of its benefactor, Chicago businessman Max Adler (1866-1952) was the first institution of its kind in the Western hemisphere, in the sense of a domed planetarium relying on an optical-mechanical projector. The Planetarium opened to the public in May 1930. Its building originally stood on an island that was later merged into an artificial peninsula known as Northerly Island.