S2.00 VOLUME 2 .1987 VER 2 3 R/D COMPUTING M AY Dedicated to TI 99/4A and 9900 Computer Systems 210 MOUNTAIN STREET, HALIBURTON, ONTARIO KOM 150 MMMMM 4..ire ata (705) 457-2774 WELCOME ABOARD: This issue is a collection of various We have some new personnel on board. hardware proJects, tips and the like I would like to welcome Joe Warder of that have same very good results. We Regal Capital, Bill Weiler and Michael have found that the improvements are Jorman of Helix Circuits, as well as both valuable and quite noticeable. Henri Schlereth and Judi Beckett for With thy extended memory maps and new Ryte Data South. card based proJects, it is possible to transform the TI on a user basis! Growing from stsrt-up in publishing to software publishing to hardware on a We would like to encourage owners to cash only basis has been vERY tough. attempt this type of electronics Here only the tough survive. In the modification. With the price of spars. TI market, most of the players have consoles at an Ell time low, there is left for greener paatures. The relatively little danger of doing companies that remain are tenacious irreparable damage. Get out your survivors and visionaries who BELIEVE soldering iron and parts, try some in the TMS 99xx technology. They do proJects and get the results. deserve your support. Then again, all of YOU have proven to Of particular note is the very simple be supporters. The ones we need to resistor change suggested by Bob reach are 'out in the cold') owners Lawson. This two cent change gives a who do not belong to users groups, clearer video display... somethino ownegkaL . who have closeted their els. that TI °should" have done in the machines,' towne-re who have yet to bssic design. upgrade their "home' computer and others who are not aware of the power contained in their consoles. INDUSTRY NEWS: The announcements of the new machines from Apple and IBM have created a wave of optimism in the computer industry. This is good news foil- computer users, support companies and manufacturers. With all the high powered hardware being introduced, the choices open to computer users are increasing. HARDWARE GROUP: Memo believe that the Macintosh SE and The response to the hardware SIG co- tho Macintosh /I are THE products to ordinated by Bob (Tony) Wagner is watch. The, MAC II incorporates far moving right along. Over three dozen reaching technology, expansion slots, people have responded to the call. I IBM BOSS co-processors and true cross believe this group has more tslent system connectivity (one of the new than even T/ could muster. Several buzzwords). proJects are in motion which will have Stay tuned, this is the arena. far reaching effects over the next IVO COMPUTING-I987 several months. Hardware inputs from sound interesting. the group promise to give all TI 99/4A owners some astounding results. OTTAWA TI FAIRE 1987 As with anything that contributes to the support of our orphan. your Having missed the New Jersey and the support is both welcome and ABSOLUTELY Boston TI Faires (sorry folks), we did 'Demential. Nothing occurs in a manage to make the Ottawa show on May vmccum. Even more, to the point, a 16th et the MerrIvale High School. little. participation goes a long way With the holiday weekend, the turnout in providing the "afterlife" phenomena was a bit light. The number of we witness in the 4A world. One of vendors was down from last wear and thr maJor challenges facing a hardware the number of TI owners also seemed to group is that of financing the work be shy of last years event. done. This will have a telling influence on the progress. We met up next to Myarc - with Lou Philips and Walt Howe showing the Thy, top priority project (in my book) Gonave 9640 computer. We had our 99AT is an extended memory specification. Expansion Systems on display along A modification to the operating system with Monty Schmidt's COMMAND DOS (also would be, required - but would allow now shipping). the 99/4A to access and USE additional memory... the key component for more I can personally verify that Myarcs sophisticated software. 9640 is ALL that it is supposed to be and more. In fact, some of our own subscribers and Canadian TI 99/4A CO-PROCESSORS: owners now HAVE this new machine in their possession. Steve, Michelson of Ahhh! Now this is a timely focus... the Toronto 9T9'ers walked out with William Borchardt of the Sun City one under his arm. Disk Only Software 99ers writes that he is working on a was selling and taking orders for co-processing system that will allow Myarc's Geneve 9640 computer system. the removal of the GROMs from the console. This would entail altering Myarc is shipping the machine with a the 99/4A clocking system to allow an full 350 page manual. All software increase in speed from the machine. that is specified to work - WORKS. The intent is to allnw either the OPL. saw a number of modules downloaded to approach or a user built operating run. This means that software Is system to be put into the co-processor available... and more new software to be accessed from the 99/4A in the will become available. also name fashion that the GROM interface personally know of several programmers works - only at a higher clock speed. who are releasing packages SOON - if It looks as if the basic design is not before. finallY coming together. This is the typo of project that would For us the show was importsnt in that work very well in a group format. wie were able to determine exactly how There is always a LOT of work to do in much power the card pulls from the order to develop a proJect. MontY card bus. Very critical in Schmidt tells me that he has an 8088 determining the total compatibility of "co - processor' project up and running the 99AT Expansion System. for his university class. Interfaces through the 8k DSR space on the DSR Scott Darling, the SYSOP of GENIE was RAM CARD. mas type of project at the show. GENIE has come to Canada 'could' provide true IBM through connection nodes in several compatibility mode with bus to bus cities. Try calling 1(800) 638-9636 information transfer. Only a large for more information. We also met amount of money. time and talent would many other TI 99/4A luminaries and produce a commercial proJemt. It does supporters. 2 o 4( 4k4 C -4' Adding a Real Time Clock to the 8X ISR Card John Clulow I6Enie address J.CLILON) III[s- 3 (419) 874-8838 Ns... +Y. This project adds the National Sesicanductor NN58167 clock to the BK DSR RAM card. Before you attempt to add the clock, you Bust 7 -a complete the non-DSR 8K addition. Nake sure the card is working properly. Double check the wiring of the data lines in the 7415245. DO - D7 aust be mired to the edgecard connector exactly as shown in the scheeatic. While the memory will work rah any /2 el t• order of data line connection, the clock will not. 7YLS30 To complete this project, you will need a 741504, 741530, AN58167 7 clock, 32.768 K Hz microwatt crystal, 1N914 diode, 200K ohm resistor, and two stall capacitors. Dne capacitor is fixed and A7 • should be around 20 pF. The other is a variable capacitor with a range of 3 to 30 pF. Digi-Key (800-344-4539) is one source of AND 7y4.132 these parts. 647r AAA 11 ,roatMs4, oltoi Nire the circuit as shown in the diagram. The address lines and VT.41. 3-3*0 BIN need not be connected to the edgecard connector; you can CS 32.714 Xi12 refer to the BK card schematic and use appropriate pins on the WE 3 17,1—t *se im 4 6264 or 138, for exaeple. For DO' to D7', use the 7415245 pins 2 ose istr through 9, and sake sure the corresponding input pins 118 - 12) Do V. D7 Zoo K are properly connected to the edgecard connector. The anode end • DG of the 1N914 diode should be connected to the junction of the anodes of the two diodes used in the AND gate you Bade in the /al zo AS" non-DSR RAN project (see step 6). It could also be conoected to be Ai Di Af A/0 pin 15 of the 741S368 or pis 19 of the 7415245. 87 ••••••■■ D3 43 A 19 brf Nhen you purchase your clock 1C, obtain a data sheet. Here is a 11 bl is. - 44 7 —4 partial list of addresses used in-working with the clock: b4.1 W 144 G A 13 is° 00 D71 5-`-- T1N 8680 .001 sec 8686 MiflUtE5 868C day of eonth 0682 .01 sec 8688 hours 868E months 23 24 PU 8684 seconds 868A day or week 8648 status 86A4 reset M Software for the clock is available from the EEnie library. + 5 CO D R/ R/D COMPUTING — 1987 TI-99/4A OWNERS SURVEY DATE: PIPARF II!'-3F A DARK COLORED FELT PEN, THANK—YOU YOU MUST SELECT ONLY 1 ANSWER, NO EXCEPTIONS. Al(2) WHAT IS YOUR SEX' M F A2(5) WHAT IS YOUR AGE GROUP/ 17 OR UNDER 18-74 25-34 35-44 45 AND OVER A3(5) HOW MANY YEARS OF EDUCATION' 11 OR LESS 12 __ 13 - 15 __ 16 __ 17 AND OVER __ A4(5) YOUR OCCUPATION? STUDENT __ BLUE COLLAR __ WHITE COLLAR __ PROFESSIONAL __ RETIRED __ A5(2) DO YOU USE A COMPUTER AT WORK/ Y N A6(8) WHICH BRAND., N/A __ IBM __ APPLE __ DEC __ SPERRY NEC __ DONT KNOW __ OTHER __ A7(3) HOW MANY TI - 914A OR 4As DO TOU OWN1 1 2 __ 3 OR MORE A8(4) HOW MANY PESystems DO YOU 04NI 0 __ 1 __ 2 3 OR MORE __ A9(7) WHICH MEMORY EXPANSION DO YOU HAVE') NONE __ TI CORCOMP __ FOUNDATION __ MYARC MECHATRONIC OTHER A10(6) WHAT SIZE/ N/A 32K 128K 256K 512K 1024 __ A11(8) WHICH DISK CONTROLLER CARD 00 YOU OWN/ NONE __ TI __ FOUNDATION __ MYARC CORCOMP __ OTHER __ Al2(4) HOW MANY 5-1/4° DISK DRIVES DO YOU OWN') NONE 1 __ 2 ,_ 3 OR MORE A13(5) CONFIGURATION') N/A __ SS/SD DS/SD DS/DO DS/OD A14(2) DO YOU OWN A HARD DISK SYSTEM/ Y A15(4) WHATS THE SIZE/ N/A __ 10 OR LESS MEG 20 MEG 30 OR MORE MEG A16(2) DO YOU OWN A MODEM/ Y N A17(4) INDICATE
TUTORIAL BASIC BASIC: THE LANGUAGE THAT TUTORIAL STARTED A REVOLUTION Explore the language that powered the rise of the microcomputer – JULIET KEMP including the BBC Micro, the Sinclair ZX80, the Commodore 64 et al. ike many of my generation, BASIC was the first John Kemeny, who spent time working on the WHY DO THIS? computer language I ever wrote. In my case, it Manhattan Project during WWII, and was inspired by • Learn the Python of was on a Sharp MZ-700 (integral tape drive, John von Neumann (as seen in Linux Voice 004), was its day L very snazzy) hooked up to my grandma’s old black chair of the Dartmouth Mathematics Department • Gain common ground with children of the 80s and white telly. For other people it was on a BBC from 1955 to 1967 (he was later president of the • Realise how easy we’ve Micro, or a Spectrum, or a Commodore. BASIC, college). One of his chief interests was in pioneering got it nowadays explicitly designed to make computers more computer use for ‘ordinary people’ – not just accessible to general users, has been around since mathematicians and physicists. He argued that all 1964, but it was the microcomputer boom of the late liberal arts students should have access to computing 1970s and early 1980s that made it so hugely popular. facilities, allowing them to understand at least a little And in various dialects and BASIC-influenced about how a computer operated and what it would do; languages (such as Visual Basic), it’s still around and not computer specialists, but generalists with active today.
Statements and Functions The following statments and functions are found in ALL versions of the True BASIC Programming Language: ORDINARY STATEMENTS AND STRUCTURES: PROGRAM END LET DO Loop Structure EXIT DO LOOP FOR Loop Structure EXIT FOR NEXT SELECT CASE Structure CASE IF IF Structure ELSEIF ELSE END IF END SELECT CASE ELSE OTHER STATEMENTS: ASK FREE MEMORY DIM PAUSE RANDOMIZE REM STOP FOR LINE-NUMBERED PROGRAMS: GOSUB ON GOSUB GOTO ON GOTO RETURN TO SET VARIOUS OPTIONS: OPTION ANGLE OPTION NOLET OPTION ARITHMETIC OPTION TYPO OPTION BASE OPTION USING OPTION COLLATE True BASIC Functions and Statements — 1 INPUT AND OUTPUT STATEMENTS: DATA INPUT LINE INPUT MAT INPUT MAT LINE INPUT MAT PRINT MAT READ PRINT READ RESTORE ASK MARGIN SET MARGIN ASK ZONEWIDTH SET ZONEWIDTH FILE STATEMENTS: CLOSE #n ERASE #n INPUT #n: LINE INPUT #n: OPEN #n: RESET #n: PRINT #n: FUNCTIONS AND SUBROUTINES: CALL DECLARE DEF (FUNCTION) DEF DEF Structure EXIT DEF END DEF EXTERNAL LIBRARY LOCAL SUB Structure EXIT SUB END SUB FUNCTION FUNCTION Structure EXIT FUNCTION END FUNCTION DECLARE NUMERIC DECLARE STRING DECLARE SUB CHAIN GRAPHICS AND SOUND STATEMENTS: BOX AREA BOX CIRCLE BOX CLEAR BOX DISK BOX ELLIPSE BOX KEEP BOX LINES True BASIC Functions and Statements — 2 BOX SHOW CLEAR DRAW SOUND FLOOD PICTURE Structure EXIT PICTURE END PICTURE PLAY PLOT PLOT AREA PLOT LINES PLOT POINTS PLOT TEXT SET WINDOW SET TEXT JUSTIFY ASK BACK ASK COLOR ASK COLOR MIX ASK CURSOR ASK DIRECTORY ASK MAX COLOR ASK MAX CURSOR ASK MODE ASK NAME ASK PIXELS ASK SCREEN ASK TEXT JUSTIFY ASK
tbas MANUAL v. 1.0.beta by Antonio Maschio with the great great help of Tom Lake, Bruce Axtens and Ian Jones and some suggestions by Marcus Cruz ABSTRACT Welcome to the world of tbas! tbas is a powerful con- sole BASIC interpreter, with many statements and many func- tions, and with the most advanced features for console pro- gramming. This manual is not a BASIC primer; I assume you have the most common knowledge about programming; it’s more like a reference manual that helps in using correctly the various statements, functions and their options. Read also the tbas man page for other more general info and the installing instructions. Readers are encouraged to report all errors and inconsisten- cies (and all mistakes in the English sentences) found to ing dot antonio dot maschio at gmail dot com The tbas international team wants to thank you. 14 September 2019 -2- 1. Introduction tbas is a BASIC language interpreter (with an optional built-in interac- tive session) that reads textual files written in the BASIC language; files may be in any format - UNIX, DOS, Mac. Statements may be written in lower or upper or mixed case letters, since tbas is case insensitive. Line numbers are not necessary, and are required only either as labels for the GOTO/GOSUB jumps, or in the interactive session (option -i) or in case you have to run successively your program in a different num- bered-lines BASIC interpreter or compiler. It is completed with the famous MAT statements and a large math functions and operators set.
Basic programming software for mac Chipmunk Basic is an interpreter for the BASIC Programming Language. It runs on multiple Chipmunk Basic for Mac OS X - (Version , Apr01). Learning to program your Mac is a great idea, and there are plenty of great (and mostly free) resources out there to help you learn coding. other BASIC compiler you may have used, whether for the Amiga, PC or Mac. PureBasic is a portable programming language which currently works Linux. KBasic is a powerful programming language, which is simply intuitive and easy to learn. It is a new programming language, a further BASIC dialect and is related. Objective-Basic is a powerful BASIC programming language for Mac, which is simply intuitive and fast easy to learn. It is related to Visual Basic. Swift is a new programming language created by Apple for building iOS and Mac apps. It's powerful and easy to use, even for beginners. QB64 isn't exactly pretty, but it's a dialect of QBasic, with mac, windows, a structured basic with limited variable scoping (subroutine or program-wide), I have compiled old QBasic code unmodified provided it didn't do file. BASIC for Linux(R), Mac(R) OS X and Windows(R). KBasic is a powerful programming language, which is simply intuitive and easy to learn. It is a new. the idea to make software available for everybody: a programming language Objective-Basic requires Mac OS X Lion ( or higher) and Xcode 4 ( or. BASIC is an easy to use version of BASIC designed to teach There is hope for kids to learn an amazing programming language.
6 Example: BASIC Compiler Program ®le for this chapter: basic The BASIC programming language was designed by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz in the late 1960s. (The name is an acronym for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code.) It was ®rst implemented on a large, central computer facility at Dartmouth; the designers' goal was to have a language that all students could use for simple problems, in contrast to the arcane programming languages used by most experts at that time. A decade later, when the microcomputer was invented, BASIC took on a new importance. Kemeny and Kurtz designed a simple language for the sake of the users, but that simplicity also made the language easy for the computer! Every programming language requires a computer program to translate it into instructions that the computer can carry out. For example, the Logo programs you write are translated by a Logo interpreter. But Logo is a relatively complex language, and a Logo interpreter is a pretty big program. The ®rst microcomputers had only a few thousand bytes of memory. (Today's home computers, by contrast, have several million bytes.) Those early personal computers couldn't handle Logo, but it was possible to write a BASIC interpreter that would ®t them. As a result, BASIC became the near-universal language for amateur computer enthusiasts in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Today's personal computers come with translators for a wide variety of programming languages, and also with software packages that enable many people to accomplish their computing tasks without writing programs of their own at all.
TERNS A\C rO\D T O\S OF SA-! A+D .CEZSE OF TAhDV COMP-TER EO, PNEhT A40 SOF-;\AQF J.RCnASE3 F33V 7AC 0 SnACI( :3VPA\'-OhhED COVP-TER CEhTERS RETA j-?RE? A\? >A0 S SrAC< F9A\Cn SEES 'IR 2EA-E;IS AT TnE R A-TnOR ZEC -0CAT OhS LIMITED WARRANTY CUSTOMER OBLIGATIONS A CUSTOMER assumes full responsibility that this computer hardware purchased (the Equipment and any copies of software included with the Equipment or licensed se arately (the Software ) meets the specifications capacity capabilities versatility and other requirements of CUETOMER 6 CUSTOMER assumes full responsibility lor the condAon and effectiveness of the operating environment in whlch toe Equipment and Software are to function and lor its installation LIMITED WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS OF SALE A For a period of ninety (901 calendar days lrom the date of the Radio Shack sales document received upon purchase of the Equipment RADIO SHACK warrants to the original CUSTOMER that the Equipment and the medium upon which the Software is stored is free from manufacturing defects This warranty is only applicable lo purchases of Tandy Equipment by the original customer from Radlo Shack company-owned computer cenlers retail stores, and Radlo Shack franchisees and dealers at their aulhorlzed locations The warrantv is 111. 6 9ADIO SPACK sha I not be liable for any damages caused by delay in delivering or furnishing Equipment and or Softviare C No actio1 ar sin out of any claimed breach of this Warranty or transactions under this Warranty may be brought rr'ore than two 92) years after the cause of action has accrued or more than four (4) years after the date of the Radio Shack sales document for the Equlpment or Software whichever first occurs D Sore states do not a1 ow the imitat on or exclusion of incidental or coiseouential damages so the above imitationis) or exclusionls) may lot apply to CUSTOMER IV.
The Language List - Version 2.4, January 23, 1995 Collected information on about 2350 computer languages, past and present. Available online as: http://cui_www.unige.ch/langlist ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/doc/misc/lang-list.txt Maintained by: Bill Kinnersley Computer Science Department University of Kansas Lawrence, KS 66045 billk@cs.ukans.edu Started Mar 7, 1991 by Tom Rombouts <tomr@ashtate.A-T.com> This document is intended to become one of the longest lists of computer programming languages ever assembled (or compiled). Its purpose is not to be a definitive scholarly work, but rather to collect and provide the best information that we can in a timely fashion. Its accuracy and completeness depends on the readers of Usenet, so if you know about something that should be added, please help us out. Hundreds of netters have already contributed to this effort. We hope that this list will continue to evolve as a useful resource available to everyone on the net with an interest in programming languages. "YOU LEFT OUT LANGUAGE ___!" If you have information about a language that is not on this list, please e-mail the relevant details to the current maintainer, as shown above. If you can cite a published reference to the language, that will help in determining authenticity. What Languages Should Be Included The "Published" Rule - A language should be "published" to be included in this list. There is no precise criterion here, but for example a language devised solely for the compiler course you're taking doesn't count. Even a language that is the topic of a PhD thesis might not necessarily be included.