The Language List - Version 2.4, January 23, 1995
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A Politico-Social History of Algolt (With a Chronology in the Form of a Log Book)
A Politico-Social History of Algolt (With a Chronology in the Form of a Log Book) R. w. BEMER Introduction This is an admittedly fragmentary chronicle of events in the develop ment of the algorithmic language ALGOL. Nevertheless, it seems perti nent, while we await the advent of a technical and conceptual history, to outline the matrix of forces which shaped that history in a political and social sense. Perhaps the author's role is only that of recorder of visible events, rather than the complex interplay of ideas which have made ALGOL the force it is in the computational world. It is true, as Professor Ershov stated in his review of a draft of the present work, that "the reading of this history, rich in curious details, nevertheless does not enable the beginner to understand why ALGOL, with a history that would seem more disappointing than triumphant, changed the face of current programming". I can only state that the time scale and my own lesser competence do not allow the tracing of conceptual development in requisite detail. Books are sure to follow in this area, particularly one by Knuth. A further defect in the present work is the relatively lesser availability of European input to the log, although I could claim better access than many in the U.S.A. This is regrettable in view of the relatively stronger support given to ALGOL in Europe. Perhaps this calmer acceptance had the effect of reducing the number of significant entries for a log such as this. Following a brief view of the pattern of events come the entries of the chronology, or log, numbered for reference in the text. -
Embedded Linux Systems with the Yocto Project™
OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT SERIES Embedded Linux Systems with the Yocto Project" FREE SAMPLE CHAPTER SHARE WITH OTHERS �f, � � � � Embedded Linux Systems with the Yocto ProjectTM This page intentionally left blank Embedded Linux Systems with the Yocto ProjectTM Rudolf J. Streif Boston • Columbus • Indianapolis • New York • San Francisco • Amsterdam • Cape Town Dubai • London • Madrid • Milan • Munich • Paris • Montreal • Toronto • Delhi • Mexico City São Paulo • Sidney • Hong Kong • Seoul • Singapore • Taipei • Tokyo Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. The author and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. For information about buying this title in bulk quantities, or for special sales opportunities (which may include electronic versions; custom cover designs; and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, or branding interests), please contact our corporate sales depart- ment at [email protected] or (800) 382-3419. For government sales inquiries, please contact [email protected]. For questions about sales outside the U.S., please contact [email protected]. Visit us on the Web: informit.com Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file with the Library of Congress. -
Develop-21 9503 March 1995.Pdf
develop E D I T O R I A L S T A F F T H I N G S T O K N O W C O N T A C T I N G U S Editor-in-Cheek Caroline Rose develop, The Apple Technical Feedback. Send editorial suggestions Managing Editor Toni Moccia Journal, a quarterly publication of or comments to Caroline Rose at Technical Buckstopper Dave Johnson Apple Computer’s Developer Press AppleLink CROSE, Internet group, is published in March, June, [email protected], or fax Bookmark CD Leader Alex Dosher September, and December. develop (408)974-6395. Send technical Able Assistants Meredith Best, Liz Hujsak articles and code have been reviewed questions about develop to Dave Our Boss Greg Joswiak for robustness by Apple engineers. Johnson at AppleLink JOHNSON.DK, His Boss Dennis Matthews Internet [email protected], CompuServe This issue’s CD. Subscription issues Review Board Pete “Luke” Alexander, Dave 75300,715, or fax (408)974-6395. Or of develop are accompanied by the Radcliffe, Jim Reekes, Bryan K. “Beaker” write to Caroline or Dave at Apple develop Bookmark CD. The Bookmark Ressler, Larry Rosenstein, Andy Shebanow, Computer, Inc., One Infinite Loop, CD contains a subset of the materials Gregg Williams M/S 303-4DP, Cupertino, CA 95014. on the monthly Developer CD Series, Contributing Editors Lorraine Anderson, which is available from APDA. Article submissions. Ask for our Steve Chernicoff, Toni Haskell, Judy Included on the CD are this issue and Author’s Guidelines and a submission Helfand, Cheryl Potter all back issues of develop along with the form at AppleLink DEVELOP, Indexer Marc Savage code that the articles describe. -
Rmox: a Raw-Metal Occam Experiment
Communicating Process Architectures – 2003 269 Jan F. Broenink and Gerald H. Hilderink (Eds.) IOS Press, 2003 RMoX: A Raw-Metal occam Experiment Fred BARNES†, Christian JACOBSEN† and Brian VINTER‡ † Computing Laboratory, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NF, England. {frmb2,clj3}@kent.ac.uk ‡ Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. [email protected] Abstract. Operating-systems are the core software component of many modern com- puter systems, ranging from small specialised embedded systems through to large distributed operating-systems. This paper presents RMoX: a highly concurrent CSP- based operating-system written in occam. The motivation for this stems from the overwhelming need for reliable, secure and scalable operating-systems. The major- ity of operating-systems are written in C, a language that easily offers the level of flexibility required (for example, interfacing with assembly routines). C compilers, however, provide little or no mechanism to guard against race-hazard and aliasing er- rors, that can lead to catastrophic run-time failure (as well as to more subtle errors, such as security loop-holes). The RMoX operating-system presents a novel approach to operating-system design (although this is not the first CSP-based operating-system). Concurrency is utilised at all levels, resulting in a system design that is well defined, easily understood and scalable. The implementation, using the KRoC extended oc- cam, provides guarantees of freedom from race-hazard and aliasing errors, and makes extensive use of the recently added support for dynamic process creation and channel mobility. Whilst targeted at mainstream computing, the ideas and methods presented are equally applicable for small-scale embedded systems — where advantage can be made of the lightweight nature of RMoX (providing fast interrupt responses, for ex- ample). -
DOCUMENT RESUME Basic Programming II
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 280 432 IR 012 568 TITLE Basic Programming II: Course Guide; Revised Edition; INSTITUTION Hawaii State Dept; of Education; Honolulu; Office of Instructional Services; REPORT NO RS-86-9863 PUB DATE Jun 86 NOTE 205p; PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Guides (For Teachers) (052) Computer Programs (101) Reports Descriptive (14I) EDRS PRICE MFOI/PC09 Plus Postage; DESCRIPTORS Business Education; Classification; Computer Graphics; *Computer Literacy; Computer Science Education; Course Descriptions; *Course Objectives; Ethics; *Learning Activities; Mathematics Instruction; *Microcomputers; *Programing; Programing Languages;_Resource Materials; Secondary Education; State Curriculum Guides; *Teaching Methods IDENTIFIERS *BASIC Programing Language ABSTRACT This guide is designed to provide teachers with guidelines and suggested activities for teaching a one-semester advanced programming course7-BASIC Programming II--for the ninth through twelfth gradesAlthough primarily oriented toward _ mathematics_the guide does offer sample applications in_business that also_address the needs of students with_a variety of_academic_ backgrounds._Intended to serve as a framework of goals and activities upon which the teacher can organizei_build, and expand his or her course, the_guide provides a course description, course requirements, a course outline, a syllabus, course management considerations, sample_activities and programs, and suggested resources. The activities include teaching strategies for introducing_concepts, developing specific skills, -
Sage: Unifying Mathematical Software for Scientists, Engineers, and Mathematicians
Sage: Unifying Mathematical Software for Scientists, Engineers, and Mathematicians 1 Introduction The goal of this proposal is to further the development of Sage, which is comprehensive unified open source software for mathematical and scientific computing that builds on high-quality mainstream methodologies and tools. Sage [12] uses Python, one of the world's most popular general-purpose interpreted programming languages, to create a system that scales to modern interdisciplinary prob- lems. Sage is also Internet friendly, featuring a web-based interface (see http://www.sagenb.org) that can be used from any computer with a web browser (PC's, Macs, iPhones, Android cell phones, etc.), and has sophisticated interfaces to nearly all other mathematics software, includ- ing the commercial programs Mathematica, Maple, MATLAB and Magma. Sage is not tied to any particular commercial mathematics software platform, is open source, and is completely free. With sufficient new work, Sage has the potential to have a transformative impact on the compu- tational sciences, by helping to set a high standard for reproducible computational research and peer reviewed publication of code. Our vision is that Sage will have a broad impact by supporting cutting edge research in a wide range of areas of computational mathematics, ranging from applied numerical computation to the most abstract realms of number theory. Already, Sage combines several hundred thousand lines of new code with over 5 million lines of code from other projects. Thousands of researchers use Sage in their work to find new conjectures and results (see [13] for a list of over 75 publications that use Sage). -
Editors/Translators Foreword
J Comput Virol (2009) 5:1–3 DOI 10.1007/s11416-008-0116-y EDITORIAL Editors/translators Foreword Daniel Bilar · Eric Filiol © Springer-Verlag France 2009 Bereishit In the beginning, there was bureaucracy. I had tried a feeling of nostalgia (and gratitude for Donald Knuth). I set to get major AV companies to give me malware samples to it aside till Christmas break. study in an academic setting, but to no avail: Liability rea- As I worked my way through the thesis over Christmas sons, and their suggestion—trekking back and forth to their break 2006, my cursory curiosity gave way to wonderment, corporate ‘clean’ room—was unpalatable to me. I like flat then awe, then electricity. I felt as if I had stumbled upon hierarchies, so I turned to herm1t. Herm1t runs (singlehand- a 10th century manuscript in an Scottish convent, delineat- edly, with minimal equipment and funds) the labour of love ing the calculus seven hundred years before Leibnitz and known as vxheavens (http://vx.netlux.org), a full-spectrum Newton. Aspects of the history of computer virology had to site dedicated to computer viruses. As quid pro quo, I sent be rewritten and proper due given- what a fortuitous find! him historical papers he sought for his collection. One title, I sent a printed snail mail copy off to herm1t in the Ukraine though, seemed out of reach: A German 1980 MSc thesis by and pondered my next steps. some fellow named Juergen Kraus. In early February, Eric Filiol, after having discovered an A hefty Dortmund package arrived late October 2006. -
David T. Craig 941 Calle Mejia # 509, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 Home (505) 820-0358 Compuserve 71533,606
------------------------------------------------------- David T. Craig 941 Calle Mejia # 509, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 Home (505) 820-0358 CompuServe 71533,606 ------------------------------------------------------- Mr. Jef Raskin 8 Gypsy Hill Pacifica CA 94044 Re: Canon Cat and SwyftCard information Dear Mr. Raskin: Enclosed is a photocopy of the Canon Cat article that I wrote for the Historical Computer Society. The printed article is much better than the draft that you saw. Thanks for your help. Unfortunately, I was unable to obtain copies of all of your various articles concerning the Cat and Information Appliance. I did finally receive your LEAP paper from my local public library via inter-library loan, but the library could not locate your Venture Vulture paper. I received the LEAP paper after I had sent the final Cat paper for publication so was not able to correctly document LEAP's technology. In an e-mail to me from at least a month ago you said that if I sent you an envelope large enough for a SwyftCard and return postage that you would send me one. Please use the envelope that I've sent this letter in for this purpose. You should also find here self-sticking stamps for the postage and a mailing label with my mailing address. I would also very much like, if possible, to obtain a user's manual for the SwyftCard. From your comments in Microsoft's book Programmers at Work this manual seems to be very well written. There is no rush in returning this envelope so please take your time. I am slowly updating my Cat paper to add a correct description of LEAP and more information about the people behind the Cat and its hardware and software. -
A DATA DEFINITION FACILITY for PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES By
A DATA DEFINITION FACILITY FOR PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES by T. A. Standish Carnegie Institute of Technology ....... PittsbUrgh, Pennsylvania May 18, 1967 Submitted to the Carnegie Institute of Technology ....... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy This work was supported by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (SD-146). Abstract This dissertation presents a descriptive notation for data structures which is embedded in a programming language in such a way that the resulting language behaves as a synthetic tool for describing data and processes in a number of application areas. A series of examples including formulae, lists, flow charts, Algol text, files, matrices, organic molecules and complex variables is presented to explore the use of this tool. In addition, a small formal treatment is given dealing with the equivalence of evaluators and their data structures. -ii- Table of Contents Title Page ....................... i Abstract ........................ ii Table of Contents .................... iii Acknowledgments .................... v Chapter I. Introduction .................. 1 Chapter II. A Selective Review of the Work of Others ...... 17 Chapter III. The Data Definition Facility ........... 25 1. Chapter Summary .............. 25 2. General Description .............. 25 3. Component Descriptions ........... 30 4. Elementary Descriptors ........... 34 5. Modified Descriptors ............ 40 6. Descriptor Formulae ............ 48 7. Declaring Descriptor Variables. and Descriptor Procedures ......... 51 8. Predicates, Selectors, Constructors and Declarations ............. 53 9. Constructors ............... 53 10. Selectors ................. 58 11. Predicates ................ 60 12. Declarations ............... 64 13. Reference Variables, Pointer Expressions and the Contents Operation ......... 65 14. Overlay Assignments, Sharing of Structures and Copying of Structures .......... 68 - iii- Table of Contents, Continued 15. -
Socialize the Brand
Executive Summary: The CMO’s Social Media Handbook Chapter 4: Socialize the Brand When marketing = the integration of brand and culture in the service of a human experience. In this executive summary, we provide a summary of the fourth chapter of Peter Friedman’s new book, “The CMO’s Social Media Handbook”. You have made the decision to use social media as a part of your marketing efforts. You have an idea of the team you need, and you know how you will measure your performance. This chapter provides the next steps for your brand or company’s social media plan to create your social brand identity and ensure it is connected to your business goals. SUMMARY The role of social has been clarified, and you have committed social media program and the social marketing mix used to do it right with dedicated focus and resources, so it’s by the brand. time to connect your business goals to social media. This starts with thinking about what it means to take your brand To find its social identity, a brand must establish high- social. A truly socialized brand has social at its core a level goals. From there, the Social Brand Identity Program culture that feeds from social into every other touchpoint— concentrates on socializing the brand, a process that is ads, promotions, retail, direct messaging, events, digital, made up of three parts that are detailed in the book: PR, and products themselves. Develop a socialized brand identity and It’s up to the company to create the social brand identity, 1 culture. -
Docworks PDF 600
Minimax estimation in regression and random censorship models Citation for published version (APA): Belitser, E. N. (2000). Minimax estimation in regression and random censorship models. (CWI tracts; Vol. 127). Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica. Document status and date: Published: 01/01/2000 Document Version: Publisher’s PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers) Please check the document version of this publication: • A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. -
Multics Emacs : Histoire De La Conception D’Un Logiciel Mythique
Multics Emacs : histoire de la conception d’un logiciel mythique Stephane´ Bortzmeyer <[email protected]> Premiere` redaction´ de cet article le 27 avril 2006 https://www.bortzmeyer.org/multics-emacs.html —————————- Comme le savent mes fideles` lecteurs, j’aime beaucoup lire les vieux articles d’informatique : il y a beaucoup de choses a` apprendre du passe´ et, si la liste des failles de securit´ e´ de PHP n’a guere` d’inter´ etˆ deux ans apres,` beaucoup d’autres choses en informatique sont bien plus permanentes. D’ou` mon inter´ etˆ pour ce remarquable article, qui decrit´ la conception et le developpement´ de la premiere` version de l’editeur´ Emacs pour le systeme` Multics. Multics etait´ un systeme` d’exploitation de ”mainframe”, tres` avance´ pour son epoque,´ qui n’a eu qu’un tres` faible succes` commercial, mais qui avait reussi´ a` creer´ une communaute´ d’utilisateurs dy- namique et creative,´ comme le font les Unix libres aujourd’hui. Il est donc logique qu’il existe un site Web dedi´ e´ a` Multics <http://www.multicians.org/>, d’ou` se trouve distribue´ notre texte, ”Mul- tics Emacs : The History, Design and Implementation” <http://www.multicians.org/mepap.html>. (Personnellement, je n’ai fait que de courtes incursions sur un systeme` Multics, vers 1989.) Multics n’avait comme editeur´ que des programmes qui, memeˆ a` l’epoque,´ etaient´ juges´ archa¨ıques. Par exemple, aucun ne fonctionnait en plein ecran,´ tellement ils etaient´ optimises´ pour des terminaux papier. D’ou` la motivation pour developper´ un nouvel editeur,´ Emacs, inspire´ du programme du memeˆ nom qui tournait sur un autre systeme` d’exploitation, ITS.