United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management BOEM Biostratigraphic Chart of the Gulf of Mexico Offshore Region, to

Recent through through Jurassic Time CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHY Time CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHY BIOSTRATIGRAPHY BOEM BOEM (mya) BOEM BOEM (mya) BOEM Planktic & benthic foraminiferal, ostracod (O), BOEM Planktic & benthic foraminiferal Calcareous nannoplanktic CHRONO Calcareous nannoplanktic CHRONO System Subsystem Series Stage Strat Strat System Subsystem Series Stage Strat radiolarian and dinoflagellate (D) regional and Strat (not to regional and local markers regional and local markers ZONE (not to regional and local markers ZONE scale) Code Code scale) Code local markers Code Holocene Q10 Globorotalia inflata 33.89 J3 Hantkenina alabamensis —0.0118— J4 Turborotalia cerroazulensis cocoaensis NJ03 Discoaster saipanensis, Upper Tarantian P PLU J6 Textularia hockleyensis NJ01 Chiasmolithus consuetus ——0.126—— r Q1 Globorotalia flexuosa acme NQ35 Emiliania huxleyi (base of acme) i J14 Subbotina linaperta NJ00 Discoaster barbadiensis U NQ01 Gephyrocapsa oceanica flood a J7 Textularia dibollensis p NQ55 Gephyrocapsa parallela b J12 Globigerinatheka tropicalis NJ07 Cribrocentrum reticulatum Middle Ionian p NQ16 Pseudoemiliania lacunosa "A" PLM o J10 Turborotalia pomeroli EU Q e n 11 Truncorotalia truncatulinoides coil change, right-to-left NQI Pseudoemiliania lacunosa "B" r J8 Camerina moodybranchensis Q5 Trimosina "A" NQ59 Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica increase i J11 Globigerinatheka semiinvoluta ——0.78—— u 26 Stilostomella antillea NQ36 Pseudoemiliania ovata a J13 Globigerinatheka mexicana NCD Micrantholithus procerus P NQ38 Reticulofenestra asanoi n J15 Globigerinatheka barri NJ10 Micrantholithus altus C a Q0 Trimosina "A" acme NQ39 Pseudoemiliania pacifica C11 Nonionella cockfieldensis NJ02 Sphenolithus obtusus l a —37.80— 17 Sphaeroidinella dehiscens acme "A" NQE Pseudoemiliania lacunosa "C" acme C27 Acarinina spinuloinflata NC00 Chiasmolithus grandis e l t NQ56 Gephyrocapsa aperta acme C0 Discorbis yeguaensis NCG Campylosphaera dela a i 16 Angulogerina magna NQ44 Scyphosphaera pulcherima, C1 Eponides yeguaensis b e s 27 Globorotalia incisa NQV Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica (large) C3 Nodosaria mexicana r t i Q6 Hyalinea balthica / Trimosina "B" NQ40 Reticulofenestra asanoi acme B 96 Truncorotaloides rohri r o a 19 Globorotalia tosaensis tosaensis NQT Helicosphaera sellii a C4 Ceratobulimina eximia c L n 36 Sphaeroidinella dehiscens acme "B" NQ51 Lithostromation perdurum r C2 Eponides guayabalensis o Q7 Angulogerina "B" NQW Calcidiscus macintyrei t C14 Truncorotaloides topilensis NC10 Sphenolithus spiniger n e w 99 Uvigerina hispida o C15 Clavulinoides guayabalensis ——1.81—— PLL n e P7 Globorotalia crassula acme, NP41 Discoaster brouweri, n C28 Hantkenina dumblei NC02 Chiasmolithus solitus a M e r P11 Globorotalia praehirsuta NP50 Calcidiscus macintyrei increase i C16 Orbulinoides beckmanni NC11 Sphenolithus furcatolithoides G i P3 Cristellaria "S" a C5 Operculinoides sabinensis r e d 39 Menardella exilis NP42 Discoaster brouweri "A" n C12 Morozovella lehneri l d EM 21 Menardella menardii coil change, left-to-right C13 Acarinina bullbrooki a l y P12 Menardella pertenuis NP43 Discoaster pentaradiatus 024 Radiolarian acme A s E e P8 Lenticulina 1 C17 Turborotalia frontosa NCK Sphenolithus radians i o 20 Menardella miocenica C29 Acarinina pentacamerata NC13 Sphenolithus furcatolithoides increase a —41.20— c 23 Bolivina imporcata / "P" NP44 Discoaster surculus C30 Hantkenina nuttalli n e L 22 Textularia crassisepta / "P" u C9 Igorina broedermanni NC14 Discoaster wemmelensis 40 Ceratobulimina pacifica NP45 Discoaster asymmetricus n t C31 Globigerinoides higginsi NC15 Blackites gladius ——2.59—— P 24 Cassidulina laevigata carinata acme / "L" NP46 Cycloperfolithus carlae T e e C6 Cyclammina caneriverensis NC16 Nannotetrina fulgens i 41 Haplophragmoides emaciatum t C10 Morozovella aragonensis a 25 Saracenaria "H" NP47 Discoaster tamalis i NC05 Chiasmolithus gigas U c 43 Menardella multicamerata a C32 Morozovella caucasica NC06 Discoaster sublodoensis p e e 101 Siphogenerina lamellata acme P n C8 Haplocytheridea stenzeli (O) NC08 Discoaster lodoensis p —47.84— n P9 Dentoglobigerina altispira = Valvulineria "H" PU C19 Acarinina soldadoensis NXQ Discoaster kuepperi e z a r 45 Sphaeroidinellopsis seminulina r C20 Morozovella quetra P i 32 Arenaceous fauna l C21 Acarinina angulosa NXR Toweius magnicrassus l a 44 Cibicides grosseperforatus 025 Radiolarian acme B NC07 Rhabdosphaera inflata n P1 Textularia 1 NP01 Sphenolithus abies e NXN Chiasmolithus californicus —-3.58—- i t o P5 Buccella (Eponides) hannai acme o NWA Toweius crassus 98 Cibicides marsi NP02 Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilica C22 Morozovella rex / subbotinae NXP Tribrachiatus orthostylus c P16 Globorotalia plesiotumida g Y C23 Morozovella formosa formosa Z i e 30 Globorotalia margaritae NP40 Pseudosphenolithus abies "B" acme p C24 Acarinina wilcoxensis NXS Toweius callosus a e L n L 46 Globigerina druryi / bolli r X16 Morozovella lensiformis NXT Toweius pertusus n o o 31 Globigerina nepenthes n e NX02 Discoaster multiradiatus e c a w w P13 Uvigerina rustica NPP Sphenolithus abies "B" s X4 Cytheridea sabinensis (O) NXB Tribrachiatus contortus EL l PL e e e P2 Buliminella 1 NP08 Amaurolithus tricorniculatus i X17 Planorotalites chapmani NX04 Toweius eminens i r r 34 Siphotextularia jugosa / "J" a X18 Morozovella aequa NXU Tribrachiatus bramlettei a r n n 35 Sigmoilina "P" / cf. schlumbergeri NPY Dictyococcites antarcticus X19 Morozovella edgari NXV Prinsius bisulcus P10 Sphaeroidinellopsis multilobata X20 Subbotina velascoensis NXW Fasciculithus involutus 37 Globigerinoides mitra NPA Ceratolithus acutus y X21 Rzehakina epigona NXX Discoaster mahmoudi P14 Globorotalia plesiotumida acme NP26 Discoaster quintatus C25 Morozovella acuta NX03 Chiasmolithus bidens —-5.33—- R1 Textularia 6 026 Radiolarian acme C NXZ Cruciplacolithus frequens R15 Textularia "X" X3 Morozovella velascoensis NXY Prinsius martinii 42 Bigenerina irregularis / 6 X6 Discorbis washburni NX06 Ellipsolithus distichus 48 Menardella menardii coil change, right-to-left NRW Discoaster quinqueramus X22 Apectodinium homomorphum (D) acme /PETM NX05 Fasciculithus tympaniformis M —55.96— e 47 Globorotalia juanai NR30 Discoaster quinqueramus acme T X23 Bathysiphon spp increase NX10 Ericsonia robusta s R14 Globorotalia primitiva NRE Discoaster berggrenii h NX11 Heliolithus cantabriae s R22 Sphaeroidinellopsis subdehiscens NRY Reticulofenestra rotaria a X8 Planorotalites pseudomenardii NXA Heliolithus riedelii i R2 Robulus E, n X24 Acarinina mckannai n R16 Textularia tatumi NRX Discoaster berggrenii "A" e NX12 Fasciculithus billii i R17 Bolivina denticulata U t X7 Morozovella angulata NX13 Fasciculithus ullii a 59 Reophax davepopei, p i NX14 Fasciculithus janii n 60 Sphaeroidinellopsis disjuncta p a X25 Trifarina herberti NX07 Heliolithus kleinpelli LU 49 Siphogenerina lamellata increase P e n X26 Subbotina triloculinoides NX15 Prinsius martinii increase —59.24— R4 Bigenerina floridana / "A" NR12 Discoaster berggrenii "C" MUU a r T9 Gyroidina aeris NXC Discoaster diastypus —-7.25—- 54 Globorotalia acostaensis coiling change, right-to-left l X9 Igorina pusilla pusilla NXD Chiasmolithus danicus NR08 Discoaster neohamatus, T10 Gyroidina brevis NT02 Neochiastozygus saepes e Selandian NR04 Discoaster calcaris T11 Morozovella conicotruncana NXE Cruciplacolithus tenuis o R24 Globigerina nepenthes acme A X10 Planorotalites compressa NT03 Cruciplacolithus edwardsii 55 Planulina renzi c NT04 Fasciculithus chowii —61.61— U R23 Sphaeroidinellopsis kochi NR02 Discoaster loeblichii e X11 Vaginulina longiforma, p R5 Cristellaria "K" NR21 Discoaster bellus n T5 Vaginulina midwayensis Nt05 Neochiastozygus eosaepes p R13 Uvigerina carapitana NR06 Catinaster mexicanus e X12 Parasubbotina pseudobulloides e R6 Amphistegina "E" L X13 Praemurica uncinata r R25 Globigerina nepenthes acme B NR07 Minylithus convallis o T3 Praemurica inconstans NT06 Hornibrookina edwardsii R7 Cyclammina 3 NRZ Reticulofenestra gelida acme w Danian T7 Praemurica trinidadensis NT07 Cyclagelosphaera alta T LL R12 Melonis pompilioides increase NR01 Discoaster prepentaradiatus e T8 Globocontusa daubjergensis —-8.90—- o R19 Cibicides trincherasensis, NR16 Discoaster prepentaradiatus increase r T6 Robulus pseudocostata N r 57 Globorotalia lenguaensis, T13 Parvularugoglobigerina fringa t 65 Bolivina thalmanni T14 Discorbis newmanae NT08 Neobiscutum parvulum e o R8 Discorbis 12 NR09 Discoaster bollii 97 Parvularugoglobigerina eugubina NT09 Neobiscutum romeinii n —66.04— o i 61 Globoquadrina dehiscens M G10 Contusotruncana contusa NK07 Micula decussata, a 62 Cibicides crebbsi NR00 Discoaster hamatus a NK02 Watznaueria barnesae, g n 53 Robulus 15 NRV Catinaster calyculus a G0 Abathomphalus mayaroensis NK00 Micula prinsii R9 Textularia "L" NRA Catinaster coalitus s G1 Gansserina gansseri 56 Cibicides inflata NRC Discoaster exilis t G28 Globotruncana linneiana NK03 Nephrolithus frequens FAD e MLU r R10 Cibicides carstensi, NR33 Discoaster exilis increase G29 Rugoglobigerina pennyi i n R20 Bigenerina 2 c G11 Globotruncana lapparenti, 69 Paragloborotalia mayeri h G2 Rosita fornicata e R18 Globorotalia siakensis NR25 Helicosphaera walbersdorfensis t G30 Pyramidina szajnoche NK04 Reinhardtites levis R11 Uvigerina 3, NRG Coccolithus miopelagicus i G3 Globotruncana ventricosa NK06 Tranolithus orionatus M R21 Cibicides carstensi increase a NK05 Uniplanarius trifidus n T 74 Haplophragmoides wilsoni acme NKA Aspidolithus parcus constrictus i —72.10— NBG Discoaster kugleri G9 Globorotalites conicus NKB Reinhardtites anthophorus —11.63— o 64 Fohsella robusta NB11 Discoaster kugleri increase G12 Globotruncanita calcarata NKD Aspidolithus parcus parcus c C e S 63 Robulus 5 / 55 NB20 Calcidiscus premacintyrei G31 Anomalina henbesti NKH Broinsonia enormis e MUM a e B4 Textularia "W" NB04 Cyclicargolithus floridanus G4 Planulina taylorensis NKC Eiffellithus eximius —12.20— r m n r 76 Fohsella lobata G32 Kyphopyxa christneri p r e a 66 Fohsella fohsi NB05 Discoaster sanmiguelensis G13 Globotruncanita elevata v a 77 Fohsella praefohsi NBI Discoaster sanmiguelensis increase G14 Archaeoglobigerina bosquensis NK11 Rucinolithus hayi a n KUU l B5 Bigenerina humblei i NKF Lithastrinus grillii t M l B10 Fohsella peripheroacuta MMM NKG Bukryaster hayi i a i 67 Gyroidina miocenica NKI Marthasterites furcatus a G n d n B6 Cristellaria "I" NB23 Discoaster sanmiguelensis acme G25 Marginotruncana coronata NKK Eprolithus floralis i d 68 Fohsella peripheroronda NB06 Sphenolithus heteromorphus u G26 Whiteinella baltica —13.82— —83.64— l B7 Cibicides opima NB25 Discoaster petaliformis l S G16 Dicarinella asymetrica L a e B11 Praeorbulina sicana NB10 Sphenolithus heteromorphus acme U f G5 Dicarinella concavata a n a 80 Praeorbulina glomerosa G33 Marginotruncana schneegansi n i t B12 Globoquadrina dehiscens acme NB07 Helicosphaera ampliaperta p o G17 Whiteinella inornata g a B13 Praeorbulina transitoria NB13 Discoaster deflandrei increase p n G18 Marginotruncana sinuosa NK09 Zeugrhabdotus noeliae h MLM n i r 79 Globigerinatella insueta K0 Marginotruncana renzi NK08 Quadrum gartneri i a B14 Globigerinoides bisphericus e n G35 Marginotruncana sigali NKL Chiastozygus platyrhethus a —86.26— n B8 Amphistegina "B" C r G36 Whiteinella archaeocretacea NKJ Lithastrinus septenarius y NB08 Discoaster deflandrei acme K7 Whiteinella paradubia —15.97— B9 Robulus "L" / 43 ND03 Discoaster druggii increase K6 Dicarinella imbricata D14 Globigerinoides diminutus NBY Discoaster calculosus Coniacian G37 Whiteinella aprica NKM Rhagodiscus achylostaurion D10 Camerina 1, r G39 Hedbergella planispira NK10 Stoverius achylosus B D1 Robulus 54B = Cristellaria 54 NDR Reticulofenestra gartneri MUL G6 Hedbergella amabilis 75 Saracenaria sp. / "D" K8 Dicarinella hagni u —89.77— r 82 Catapsydrax stainforthi NDV Sphenolithus disbelemnos K1 Planulina eaglefordensis —17.95— d 84 Catapsydrax dissimilis G7 Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica NKS Lithraphidites pseudoquatratus i D2 Robulus chambersi, NDG Sphenolithus belemnos e Turonian G38 Dicarinella algeriana NKN Calculites axosuturalis g D12 Discorbis bolivarensis / "B" ND00 Triquetrorhabdulus carinatus K2 Praeglobotruncana stephani, a NDS Orthorhabdus serratus K3 Helvetoglobotruncana praehelvetica —93.90— L l 100 Globigerina binaiensis NB22 Helicosphaera mediterranea K9 Globigerinelloides bentonensis NKP Helenea chiastia i t o 86 Siphogenerina fredsmithi NDO Sphenolithus conicus MML K12 Ammobacculites agrestis NKY Lithraphidites acutus a w D3 Marginulina ascensionensis / "A" NDF Discoaster calculosus increase C G8 Rotalipora cushmani NKQ Axopodorhabdus albianus n e D15 Bolivina tenuistriata acme e G21 Rotalipora greenhornensis NKR Coriollithon kennedyi r 83 Gyroidina 8 n G22 Rotalipora appenninica NKO Rhagodiscus asper KLU NDI Cyclicargolithus abisectus a o G23 Rotalipora reicheli 85 Globigerinoides primordius NDW Ilselithina fusa m H2 Textularia rioensis —20.44— A D4 Siphonina davisi a H9 Fossocytheridea lenoirensis (O) —96.16— q D6 Planulina palmerae NDL Sphenolithus dissimilis n H11 Rotalipora gandolfii u i i 87 Paragloborotalia kugleri c H0 Lenticulina washitensis, t D8 Lenticulina hanseni ND01 Discoaster saundersi a H1 Favusella washitensis a D9 Lenticulina jeffersonensis = Cristellaria "R" NDX Cyclicargolithus abisectus increase MLL n NKU Braarudosphaera africana n NDJ Helicosphaera recta NKZ Hayesites irregularis i NDT Triquetrorhabdulus challengeri e K11 Globigerinelloides bentonensis increase NKV Braarudosphaera stenorhetha a —100.5— n ND09 Sphenolithus capricornutus H3 Cythereis fredericksburgensis (O), Cyth. brevis (O) NKT Hayesites albiensis —23.03— A1 Discorbis gravelli NA05 Dictyococcites bisectus G27 Planomalina buxtorfi NKX Crucicribrum anglicum . NAF Sphenolithus delphix, C H12 Ticinella roberti / bejaouaensis 90 Globigerina ciperoensis ciperoensis NA03 Clausicoccus fenestratus o o H10 Rotalipora ticinensis 91 Globigerina sellii NAE Zygrhablithus bijugatus H20 Biticinella breggiensis KUL m A 88 Globigerina angulisuturalis NA04 Sphenolithus ciperoensis H21 Coskinolinoides texanus C l A2 Heterostegina texana NO17 Triquetrorhabdulus carinatus acme m H6 Dictyoconus walnutensis h b U A3 Cibicides jeffersonensis NO18 Sphenolithus conicus acme a H23 Rotalipora subticinensis a —103.13— u i p A4 Bolivina perca n H24 Hedbergella gorbachikae NHL Sollasites falklandensis t a p A5 Marginulina idiomorpha H25 Barkerina barkerensis t OU c n e A6 Marginulina vaginata K4 Eocytheropteron trinitiensis (O) i h r A7 Marginulina howei H5 Buccicrenata subgoodlandensis a s e KML P n F2 Camerina "A" H7 Orbitolina texana F3 Miogypsinoides "A" a H26 Hedbergella infracretacea NIJ Diadorhombus rectus F4 Cibicides hazzardi n H27 Paraticinella transitoria a O —112.95— l 93 Paragloborotalia opima nana NF00 Sphenolithus distentus H13 Paraticinella eubejaouaensis NHN Assipetra infracretacea l 94 Paragloborotalia opima opima NO02 Sphenolithus predistentus H14 Planomalina cheniourensis NIB Nannoconus abundans i 92 Cristellaria "H" H17 Leupoldina cabri NHM Nannoconus bucheri —28.09— e g F5 Marginulina texana NF03 Helicosphaera compacta L A H28 Gavelinella barremiana NIA Nannoconus colomii o o F6 Bolivina mexicana o p H15 Globigerinelloides algerianus NHC Micrantholithus obtusus c F1 Nonion struma t H19 Hedbergella sigali NHI Nannoconus truitti acme g e O23 Chiloguembelina cubensis NO08 Discoaster nodifer w i H29 Hedbergella trochoidea NHK Nannoconid crisis NO11 Sphenolithus pseudoradians a NHE Micrantholithus hoschulzii n e O26 Globigerina gortani e n H16 Globigerinelloides blowi NHO Farhania varolii e n R F7 Nodosaria blanpiedi r I2 Choffatella decipiens NHH Nannoconus kamptneri u 95 Turborotalia ampliapertura H30 Epistomina caracolla NHF Nannoconus steinmanni L e p O27 Globigerina tapuriensis H18 Favusella hoteriva NHG Conusphaera rothii o —126.30— e F0 Anomalina bilateralis NO14 Lanternithus minutus I10 Epistomina hechti w l NO19 Reticulofenestra circus OL C I9 Lenticulina saxonica NHB Conusphaera mexicana e Barremian i KLL r NO20 Sphenolithus akropodus o I8 Clavihedbergella eocretacea NIC Calcicalathina oblongata a NO09 Isthmolithus recurvus a I11 Lenticulina ouachensis increase NHA Eprolithus antiquus n —130.77— O18 Textularia warreni NO01 Reticulofenestra hillae h FLBB Muderongia simplex (D) NIE Lithraphidites bollii O22 Pseudohastigerina micra NO00 Reticulofenestra umbilica NIF Speetonia colligata u O21 Loxostoma "B" NV05 Helicosphaera reticulata Hauterivian I7 Everticyclammina virginulina NIG Cruciellipsis cuvillieri O19 Cibicides pippeni i NIH Tubodiscus verenae O25 Turborotalia increbescens NO03 Ericsonia formosa l NHP Eiffellithus windii —133.88— NO10 Ericsonia subdisticha acme a NII Rucinolithus wisei 33.89 O20 Cibicides mississippiensis NO21 Ericsonia formosa increase n Valanginian I12 Conoglobigerina helvetojurassica NIK Micrantholithus speetonensis U13 Globuligerina oxfordiana —139.39— Depth I4 Schuleridea acuminata (O) in I13 Lenticulina busnardoi meters Berriasian U14 Epistomina stellacostata NIL Polycostella senaria Sea Level 0 U1 Anchispirocyclina lusitanica —145.01— 100 I5 Hutsonia vulgaris / callahani (O), NUH Lotharingius sigillatus Transitional – 200 Inner Shelf Middle Shelf Outer Shelf U7 Galliaecytheridea postrotunda (O) NUA Hexalithus noelae 1 2 3 Upper Slope 500 U17 Kumubia palastiniensis 4 U9 Buccicrenata italica increase NIM Polycostella beckmanni U11 Lenticulina quenstedti NUG Watznaueria britannica increase Bathymetric Zonation Middle Slope Tithonian 1000 U3 Epistomina uhligi NUB Stephanolithion bigotii bigotii Code Zone Depth Range in meters 5 U J U6 Alveosepta jaccardi NUJ Anfractus harrisonii 1 Transitional – Inner Shelf 0 – 20 U5 Epistomina mosquensis 1500 u p 2 Middle Shelf 20 – 100 U12 Paalzowella feifeli r p U4 Reinholdella A increase JU 3 Outer Shelf 100 – 200 Lower —152.10— FLJT Gonyaulacysta jurassica (D) 4 Upper Slope 200 – 500 Slope 2000 a e Kimmer. U15 Haplophragmoides canui NUK Crepidolithus perforatus 5 Middle Slope 500 – 1000 6 Abyssal s r U16 Praekumubia crusei 6 Lower Slope 1000 – 2000 —157.30— 7 2500 UV4 Alveosepta jaccardi acme NUI Lotharingius crucicentralis 7 Abyssal >2000 s UV1 Reinholdella crebra, i Oxfordian UV2 Epistomina regularis, NUC Stephanolithion bigotii maximum References used for Mesozoic and Cenozoic age determination and stratigraphic units c UV5 Globuligerina oxfordiana increase NUL Ansulasphaera helvetica Epistomina coronata NVA Stephanolithion hexum —163.50— UV3 Applied Biostratigraphix, 2006, Global Biostratigraphic Chart Mesozoic Calcareous Nannofossils, Houston. UV10 Lophocythere interrupta (O) NUM Lotharingius velatus Applied Biostratigraphix, 2009, Gulf of Mexico Biostratigraphic Chart, Houston. UV6 Satorina apuliensis Applied Biostratigraphix, 2009, Paleogene Gulf of Mexico Biostratigraphic Chart, Houston. Middle Callovian UV7 Globuligerina calloviensis NUN Pseudoconus enigma JM Armentrout, J. M., 1996, High resolution sequence biostratigraphy: examples from the Gulf of Mexico Plio-, in J. A. Howell and J. F. Aitken, eds., High-resolution sequence : innovations UV8 Reinholdella crebra increase, NUE Stephanolithion speciosum and applications: Geological Society Special Publication 104, p. 65-86. 166.10 UV9 Garantella ornata Ascoli, P., 1984, Epistominid biostratigraphy across the Jurassic- boundary on the northwestern Atlantic shelf: Benthos 83, International Symposium on Benthic , Pau, p. 27-34. Ascoli, P., C. W. Poag, and J. Remane, 1984, zonation across the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary on the Atlantic margin of North America, in G. E. Westermann, ed., Jurassic-Cretaceous biochronology and BOEM Gulf of Mexico Resource Evaluation Revised January 1, 2018 paleogeography of North America: Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 27, p. 31-48. Robert B. Witrock (504) 736-2718 Bolli, H. M., J. B. Saunders, and K. Perch-Nielsen, eds., 1985, Plankton stratigraphy, volume 1: planktic foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils and calpionellids: Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 509 p. Bolli, H. M., J.-P. Beckmann, and J. B. Saunders, 1994, Benthic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the south Caribbean region: Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 408 p. Breard, S. Q., A. D. Callender, and M. Nault, 1997, Application of bathyal foraminiferal events to the Neogene through Pleistocene biostratigraphic framework of the Gulf of Mexico basin: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 47, p. 66-73. Breard, S. Q., A. D. Callender, and M. Nault, 2000, Gulf of Mexico basin Late Tertiary deep-water biostratigraphic zonation: relationship to standard shelf foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil marker terminology: Gulf Coast Section Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Foundation Twentieth Annual Research Conference Deep-water Reservoirs of the World, December 3-6, 2000, Houston. Brenchley, P. J., and D. Harper, 1998, Palaeoecology: ecosystems, environments and evolution: London, Chapman and Hall, 402 p. LEGEND Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L. and Fan, J.-X., 2013, The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart, Episodes, v. 36, no. 3, pp. 199-204. Gradstein, F. M., 1976, Biostratigraphy and biogeography of Jurassic Grand Banks foraminifera: Maritime Sedim. Spec. Publ., v. 1B, p. 557-583. All foraminiferal markers are extinction points (LADs) unless otherwise indicated. Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Schmitz, M.D., and Ogg, G.M., eds, 2012, The Geological Time Scale 2012, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 2 vols., 1144 p. The calcareous nannoplanktic markers are mainly coccolith species LADs. Dinoflagellates and palynomorphs are occasionally used. Grigelis, A. and P. Ascoli, 1995, Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous foraminiferal zonation and paleoecology of offshore eastern Canada and the East European Platform, Geol. Surv. Canada, O.F. 3099, 25 p. Planktic foraminifera and radiolarians are indicated in blue font, i.e., Globigerina nepenthes. or Radiolarian acme A Huber, B.T., and Leckie, R.M., 2011. Planktic foraminiferal species turnover across deep-sea Aptian/Albian boundary sections. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 41(1): 53-95. Arenaceous foraminifera are indicated in red font, i.e., Alveosepta jaccardi. Jiang, M..M., 1993, Sequence Biostratigraphy of the Northern Gulf of Mexico, Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 43, p. 137-143. (O) indicates an ostracode species, (D) indicates a dinoflagellate species. Jones, R. W., and M. D. Simmons, eds., 1999, Biostratigraphy in production and development , Geological Society of London Special Publication 152, 318 p. LAD: Last Appearance Datum Lawless, P. N., R. H. Fillon, and R. G. Litton III, 1997, Gulf of Mexico Cenozoic biostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic, and sequence stratigraphic event chronology: Gulf Coast Association of Geological FAD: First Appearance Datum Societies Transactions, v. 47, p. 271-282. Species LADs separated by a virgule (the diagonal mark "/") indicates either synonymous species or synchronous species. Olson, H.C., J.W. Snedden and R. Cunningham, 2015, Development and application of a robust chronostratigraphic framework in Gulf of Mexico Mesozoic exploration, Interpretation, v. 3, no. 2, p. SN39-SN58. Species LADs separated by "=" indicates synchronous species. Picou, E. B., Jr., B. F. Perkins, N. C. Rosen, and M. J. Nault, eds., 1999, Gulf of Mexico basin biostratigraphic index - a geoscientist's guide: foraminifers and nannofossils, parts I and II, Oligocene through Two or more species LADs separated by a comma indicate synchronous species LADs. Pleistocene foraminifers: Gulf Coast Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Foundation, 215 p (for example, Discoaster bollii, Catinaster calyculus are two separate but time-equivalent coccolith extinction points). Rosen, R.N., N.C. Rosen, and M.J. Nault, eds., 2001, Gulf of Mexico basin biostratigraphic index microfossils - a geoscientist's guide: foraminifers, parts III, through Eocene: Gulf Coast Society of Economic BOEM Chronozone: A body of rock formed during the same time span, bounded by biostratigraphic or correlative seismic markers. Paleontologists and Mineralogists Foundation, 138 p. Styzen, M. J., 1996, Late Cenozoic chronostratigraphy of the Gulf of Mexico: Gulf Coast Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Foundation, chart, 2 sheets. Total Biostratigraphic Services, 1994, Miocene/Oligocene biostratigraphic chart (Gulf of Mexico): New Orleans. References to this chart should be as follows: Waterman, A. S., 2014, Biostratigraphic chart, Gulf of Mexico Neogene (version 2014_1107): Paleo-Data, Inc., New Orleans. Witrock, R. B., 2017, Biostratigraphic chart of the Gulf of Mexico offshore region, Jurassic to Quaternary, Waterman, A. S., 2017, Bioevent ages, Gulf of Mexico USA : Paleo-Data, Inc., New Orleans. U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, New Orleans.