Ausstellungs Magazin 2020/2

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Ausstellungs Magazin 2020/2 AUSSTELLUNGS­ MAGAZIN 2020/2 FAŢADĂ | FASSADE Ausstellung | Expoziție Atelier | Werkstatt Diskursort | Tribună de discursuri Ausstellungsplan | Planul expoziției | Exhibition Plan Faţadă | Fassade | Façade 24 octombrie | Oktober | October 2020 21 martie | März | March 2021 Video Spațiu de lectură | Exponatele de Case | Hausmodelle | Lesebereich | Building models Reading area Bookshop Intrare HMKV Nivelul 3 Dortmunder U | Eingangsbereich HMKV Ebene 3 des Dortmunder U | Entrance area HMKV Level 3 of the Dortmunder U U Inhalt | Conținut | Contents 4 44 Cernat Siminoc Rroma Self-Representation Reflected in Housing: From Internalised Stigma to the Quest 12 for Dignity | Formele de locuit ca reflectare a Fassade Eine autoportretizării rromilor De Einleitung | Faţadă O introducere la stigmatizarea de sine | Façade An introduction la căutarea demnității | Inke Arns | Fabian Saavedra-Lara Wohnformen als Spiegelbild der Selbstdarstellung der Rroma 1 Vom verinnerlichten Stigma 28 zum Streben nach Würde Faţadă | Fassade | Façade Delia Grigore Jörg Stüdemann 36 The question of good living | Die Frage nach 70 gutem Wohnen | Was bisher geschah | Dorința unui spațiu Ce s-a întâmplat de locuit bun până acum | What Karola Geiß-Netthöfel happened so far 78 84 92 108 Model de clădire | Estetica postinternet | Designul intrării în HMKV | Nordstadt | Modell eines Gebäudes | Model of a building Post-Internet-Ästhetik | Gestaltung des Eingangsbereichs Nordstadt Strada 1 Decembrie, Buzescu Post-Internet aesthetic des HMKV | Design | Nordstadt România | Rumänien | Romania of the entrance area of the HMKV Inke Arns 86 Procesualitatea caselor | Prozesshaftigkeit der 114 Was ist das Projekt Fassade 80 Häuser | Process capability of the houses 94 für dich? | Ce reprezintă proiectul Casă fără fațadă | Undese află casele? Sedentarizare Fațadă pentru tine? | What does Haus ohne Fassade | House fără garanție | Wo stehen die Häuser? the Façade project mean to you? 2 without a façade 3 Sesshaftigkeit ohne Garantie Fabian Saavedra-Lara | Where are the houses? 88 Sedentariness without a guarantee Model Schleswiger Str. 31 | Modell Schleswiger Str. 31 | Model of Schleswiger Str. 31 124 82 Lesebereich | Spațiu de lectură | Reading area Ornamente de metal Tradiție și impuls în cultura majorității | Metallornamente Tradition 90 100 und Impuls in der Mehrheitskultur | Timişoara Roma-Baukultur im Häuser als Projektionsflächen | Metal ornaments urbanen Raum | Cultura stilului Case, ca suprafețe de proiecție Tradition and impulse in the arhitectural rrom în spațiul urban | | Houses as projection surfaces 133 mainstream cultural sphere Roma building culture in urban space Marny Garcia Mommertz Impressum | Impressum | Colophon Cernat Siminoc 4 5 Buzescu, România | Rumänien | Romania 2019 (c) Cernat Siminoc Buzescu, România | Rumänien | Romania 2019 (c) Cernat Siminoc DE RO EN Cernat Siminoc ist Mit- Cernat Siminoc este mem- Cernat Siminoc is member glied des künstlerischen bru al echipei artistice of the artistic team of Teams Werkstatt a atelierului Malinckrodt- Mallinckrodtstraße work- Mallinckrodtstraße und straße și manager de shop and project manager Projektmanager des proiect la HMKV pentru for Faţadă/Façade at HMKV für Faţadă/Fassade. proiectul expoziției HMKV. Fațadă/Fassade. 6 7 Buzescu, România | Rumänien | Romania 2019 (c) Cernat Siminoc Buzescu, România | Rumänien | Romania 2019 (c) Cernat Siminoc (c) Christian Huhn Fotografie Atelierului Mallinckrodtstraße | Mallinckrodtstraße Workshop | Werkstatt Mallinckrodtstraße (c) Christian Huhn Fotografie Gebäudefront. Speziell in der Moderne men als Ausdruck einer Überhöhung der wurde versucht, der (vielkritisierten) Fas- Idee des Hauses gelesen werden. So sind Fassade Eine sade den Charakter des „Trennenden“, Fassaden wie auch Innenräume mit orna- der „Kulissenhaftigkeit“ und des „Mas- mentalen Farbmustern bedeckt und mit kenhaften“ zu nehmen. Statussymbolen (z.B. Logos von Luxus- firmen wie dem Mercedes-Stern) verziert, Einleitung | Faţadă O introducere Aufbauend auf dem gleichnamigen kol- während sich auf den Dächern Formen laborativen Kunstprojekt der Werkstatt aus der globalen Architekturgeschichte Mallinckrodtstraße zur Roma-Baukultur finden. Ein bisschen Disneyland, ein biss- | Façade An introduction und der im September 2019 realisierten chen Dallas, Versatzstücke von Burgen, Neugestaltung einer Hausfassade in der Schlössern, Villen, Anwesen – hier vermi- Inke Arns | Fabian Saavedra-Lara Dortmunder Nordstadt richtet die Aus- schen sich eine große Menge an medialen stellung Faţadă/Fassade den Fokus auf wie auch lokalen rumänischen Einflüssen. eine besondere Form von Architektur, die So findet sich in den hohen, zum Teil pa- DE in den letzten 30 Jahren u.a. in Rumänien godenartig gestapelten Dächern z.B. die Fassaden haben einen schlechten Ruf. des rumänischen Conducătors Nicolae entstanden ist. Diese zeichnet sich durch barocke Kirchenarchitektur der Region Wenn alles „nur Fassade“ ist, bedeutet Ceauşescu 1988 in Erfurt (DDR) die der expressive Fassaden aus, in denen sich wieder. Die meisten Häuser scheinen von das, dass wohl „nichts dahinter“ ist. Straße zugewandte Seite des Erfurter viele unterschiedliche Einflüsse und Ge- großbürgerlichen Residenzen des 19. Diese Redensart geht auf die Geschichte Opernhauses gestrichen, während die staltungsformen wiederfinden. Außerdem Jahrhunderts inspiriert zu sein. Charak- des russischen Feldmarschalls Grigori nicht sichtbaren Seiten in ihrem schlech- sind die (Traum-)Häuser oft mit Kuppeln, teristisch sind ein klarer Baukörper, Man- Alexandrowitsch Potjomkin zurück, der ten Zustand verblieben. Ceauşescu selbst Burgzinnen oder silbrig schimmernden sardendächer, symmetrische Fassaden, 1787 die russische Zarin Katharina die frönte in Rumänien einem extrem deko- Zwiebeldächern versehen. In der Aus- neoklassizistische Eingangsportale, reich Große mit ihrem Gefolge auf einer In- rativen, typisch stalinistischen Zucker- stellung werden zahlreiche Hausmodelle ornamentierte Holztüren, monumentale 12 spektionsreise durch die neubesiedelten bäckerbaustil. Er wollte die rumänische präsentiert, die in der Werkstatt Mallinck- Treppenaufgänge, „Giebelfelder, sowie 13 Gebiete Neurusslands – heute die süd- Hauptstadt zum Paris des Ostens um- rodtstraße entstanden sind. Was hat es zahlreiche Kapitelle, Gesimse, Atlanten liche Ukraine und die Krim – beeindru- gestalten – auf Kosten der Bevölkerung. jedoch mit den Vorbildern für diese Mo- cken wollte. Um der Zarin den Wohlstand Nach 1989 wurde die dramatische huma- delle auf sich? und die blühenden Landschaften dieser nitäre Lage in Rumänien offensichtlich. Sinti*zze und Rom*nja neuen Provinz vorzugaukeln, habe der Zugleich war Ceauşescus Prestigepro- Ausgangspunkt für die Neugestaltung der ist die kollektive Selbstbezeichnung Fürst, so die Legende, bemalte Kulissen jekt, der Parlamentspalast, ein Prunkbau Hausfassade in der Dortmunder Nordstadt einer wenige Hunderttausend Mitglie- von Dörfern aufstellen lassen, in denen mit 1.100 Zimmern, für den ein ganzes Bu- ist die bereits erwähnte Roma-Baukultur, der umfassenden und stark ausdiffe- Schauspieler*innen die angeblichen Dorf- karester Stadtviertel abgerissen worden die der rumänische Architekturhistoriker renzierten Minderheit in Deutschland. bewohner*innen gaben. Obwohl diese war, nach seiner Hinrichtung 1989 noch Rudolf Gräf zu den „spektakulärsten und Geschichte erwiesenermaßen erfunden immer nicht vollendet. einmaligsten Entwicklungen im postkom- Sinti: Einzahl, männlich: Sinto; ist, bezeichnet der Begriff der „Potem- munistischen Rumänien“1 zählt. Ähnlich Einzahl, weiblich: Sintez(z)a oder kinschen Dörfer“ bis heute Formen der Die Fassade ist ein wichtiges Thema der wie Arbeitsmigrant*innen in Westdeutsch- Sintiz(z)a; Mehrzahl, weiblich: Sin- Täuschung und des Blendwerks. Er steht Architektur. Von Vitruv bis zur zeitgenös- land seit den 1960er Jahren senden auch tez(z)e oder Sinti(z)ze. für Oberflächen, die falsche Tatsachen sischen Architektur spielt die Gestaltung viele rumänische Roma-Familien das im wie Erfolg oder Wohlstand vorspiegeln, der Fassade eine herausragende Rolle. Ausland erwirtschaftete Geld zurück in Roma: Einzahl, männlich: Rom; denen es jedoch an jeglicher Substanz Der Begriff kommt aus dem Lateinischen die Heimat. In Rumänien wird das Geld Einzahl, weiblich: Romni; Mehrzahl, fehlt. (facies – dt. „Angesicht/Gesicht“) und oftmals in den Bau von Eigenheimen in- weiblich: Romnja. bezeichnet den gestalteten, oft repräsen- vestiert. Viele Rom*nja realisieren dort Informationszentrum und Dokumentations- Das Bild der „Potemkinschen Dörfer“ tativen Teil der sichtbaren Hülle bzw. der den Traum vom eigenen Haus, der so viele zentrum für Antirassismusarbeit e.V. taucht im 20. Jahrhundert oft – aber nicht Außenhaut eines Gebäudes. In der Archi- Menschen auf der ganzen Welt beflügelt. (www.idaev.de/recherchetools/glossar, 6.5.2020) ausschließlich – im Kontext sozialisti- tekturgeschichte bezieht sich der Begriff Sicherlich können die speziellen Baufor- scher Parteidiktaturen auf. So wurden „Fassade“ auf die Hauptansichtsseite zum Beispiel anlässlich des Besuchs oder Schauseite eines Gebäudes, also die 1 Rudolf Gräf: Z[...]paläste. Die Architektur der Roma in Rumänien, Diplomarbeit, TU Graz, 2005, S. 14. breiteten Vorurteilen entziehen. Gleich- Architekturen in Rumänien ähnelt – und Z[…] Stereotypen über unsere Minderheit zeitig sind diese „Träume von Häusern“ somit ein Zeichen für eine positive Selbst- Den Gebrauch des Z-Worts kommen- aufgelistet, bis hin zu der Behauptung,
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