DOCSLIB.ORG

Translated Subjects: Visions of Haiti in 19Th-Century Literary Exchange

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Translated Subjects: Visions of Haiti in 19Th-Century Literary Exchange Translated Subjects: Visions of Haiti in 19th-Century Literary Exchange Mary Grace Albanese Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY ! © 2017 Mary Grace Albanese All rights reserved ! ABSTRACT Translated Subjects: Visions of Haiti in 19th-Century Literature Mary Grace Albanese Haiti’s public image has long vacillated between extremes: from democratic beacon to shadow of insurrection; from space of racial uplift to pit of economic exploitation; from bearer of Enlightenment ideals to dark land of “voodoo.” Indeed the two taglines most commonly associated with Haiti are: “first black republic” and “poorest country in the Western hemisphere.” These opposing taglines fit within a critical paradigm that has long viewed Haiti in terms of example (as a site of universal emancipation and racial equality) and exception (or, in Michel-Rolph Trouillot’s memorable words, the notion that Haiti is “unnatural, erratic, and therefore unexplainable.”)1 This dissertation engages these two competing figures of Haitian exemplarity and Haitian exceptionalism in early 19th-century literatures of the black Americas. In doing so, I examine Haiti both as an imagined space and as a site of literary production whose products circulated in various and sometimes misleading translations. This network of what I call “translations of Haiti’ re-navigate, and mark with difference, traditional narratives of race and nation. My project reveals how the idea of Haiti flickered through many complex forms in the early 19th-century. Some of these forms fall into the rubric of exception/example but others do not: from sister in democracy, to vanguard of black internationalism, to potential site of exploitation, to occasion for domestic reflection. By nuancing the binary between example and !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1 Michel-Rolph Trouillot. Haiti: State Against Nation: Origins and Legacy of Duvalierism. (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1990). 6. exception, I question critical accounts that depict early representations of the first black republic as either symptomatic of white anxieties or an ideal site for the realization of black nationalist projects. These accounts, I argue, often overlook how national and racial categories failed to overlap; they occlude Haitian (and especially Kreyòl) literary production; and, most importantly, they ignore the complex transnational movements occasioned by this production. I argue that when we consider translation as a metaphor (for example, the notion of translation as an analogical model or heuristic) we must also consider translation as a practice with material consequences. I negotiate between Haiti’s powerful abstraction(s) and a material network of constantly circulating, translated and re-translated texts. These texts, I argue, provoked fears and anxieties, but also speculations, hopes, and visions amongst constantly changing constituents of groups that may or may not be usefully labeled (for example, free U.S. blacks; mulâtres; noirs; U.S. northerners; etc.) Using this shifting international stage as a point of departure, “Translated Subjects” takes Haitian cultural production seriously – that is to say, as more than a convenient metaphor – to reveal new channels of literary exchange. ! Table of Contents Introduction 1-14 Ouanga nouveau: Jean-Pierre Ibo and the Shifting Face of Revolution Chapter I: “A Vehement Cotillion”: Archival Dance Through the Black South 15-50 i. “Cette danse est opposée à la pudeur”: Tracing the Calenda ii. The Living Monument of Congo Square iii. “This Calenture of the National Brain”: Poe’s Nostalgic Fever Chapter II: Alternative African American Genealogies in “Theresa, A Haytien Tale” and “Le Mulâtre” 51-104 i. The Locus Amoenus of Haiti ii. Mapping God iii. “She Saw with the Mind’s Eye”: Prophecies of Justice iv. Internationalism and the Broken Bonds of Kinship v. Revolutionary History and Séjour’s Assymetric Frames vi. A Genealogy d’Outre Tombe Chapter III: Uncle Tom Across the Sea (and Back): Pierre Faubert and the Haitian Response to Harriet Beecher Stowe 105-157 i. “Sentiments favorable to freedom”: Stowe’s Liberia and Stowe’s Haiti ii. Madiou, Le Moniteur Haïtien and the “génie d’Haïti” iii. "Et vous tomberez tous, des̀ ce monde, en enfer!": Saint-Rémy, Faubert, and the Limits of Universalism iv. The fugitive and the manguier Chapter IV: “Rivière , président:” William Wells Brown, Émeric Bergeaud, and the Rhyming Newspaper 158-195 i. Foundational bricolage ii. Translations of the Black Spartacus iii. Comment zot vous oublié Toussaint, Dessalin, Christophe et Boyer? Conclusion 196-198 “Le nom français lugubre encore nos contrées” Bibliography 198-215 ! ! i! Albanese Ouanga nouveau: Jean-Pierre Ibo and the Shifting Face of Revolution Toussaint Louverture, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, Henri-Christophe, Vincent Ogé: every amateur student of Haitian Revolutionary history is familiar with this pantheon of national heroes. If this revolution was “unthinkable” and hence interstitially recorded, unevenly remembered, and effectively silenced, to use Michel Rolph Trouillot’s influential framework, part of that silencing was paradoxically undertaken by the forces of myth making which created many of these figures.1 From the noble “black Spartacus” of Toussaint Louverture to the blood thirsty ferociousness of Jean-Jacques Dessalines to the mulâtre martyr Ogé, Haiti has been affected as much by archival invisibility as it has from an excess of visibility, as much from exemplarity as it has from exceptionalism – by which I mean, the exaggerated and often racialized caricatures, pious hagiographies, and conflicting ideological decoys generated by romantic historicism. Indeed, certain contemporary commentators have been unexpectedly alive to Haiti’s origins: from the evangelical Pat Robertson’s bizarre claim that Haitian poverty was engendered by a revolutionary pact made with the devil to New York Times columnist David Brooks’ slovenly pontifications on “voodoo” and “progress resistance” in wake of the 2010 earthquake.2 Haiti’s past, one might venture, is only too visible to some. I would like to open this project under the aegis of another character in this canon of mythic men (and they are often, but not always, men), half-fictive and half-real: Jean-Pierre Ibo. Yet unlike Dessalines or Toussaint, Jean-Pierre Ibo’s influence on Haitian culture cannot be unearthed in official correspondences, governmental acts, communiqués, deeds, or newspaper reports. Insofar as an archive is aggregate of institutional forces that select, mediate, and give !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1 Michel Rolph Trouillot. Silencing the Past: Power and Production in History (Boston: Beacon Press, 1995). 2 David Brooks. “The Underlying Tragedy.” The New York Times 15 January 2010. Retrieved from: http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/15/opinion/15brooks.html ! 1! Albanese shape to social and historical processes, he has left but one official trace: his name appears fleetingly in a 19 September 1789 issue of the Le Cap based colonial newspaper Affiches américaines as one of four escaped slaves: “Jean-Pierre Ibo, âgé d’environ 45 ans, fort laid.”3 Almost exactly two years before the first stirrings of the events that would come to be historicized as the Haitian Revolution, Ibo’s fleeting appearance in the Affiches américaines points to a much deeper history. Affiches américaines de Saint-Domingue. 19 September 1789. 1020. Digital Library of the Caribbean http://ufdc.ufl.edu/AA00000449/00022/1019j To official histories of the archive, Jean-Pierre Ibo is identified and measured by three metrics: his ugliness; the slave-holding time which both fixes his age and renders it impersonal; and perhaps most disturbingly the proprietary name which scars him: B. Villard. These descriptive terms collude to dehumanize Ibo: they render him a “laid” physicality, temporally insignificant !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 3 For colonial accounts of Ibo, see B.H.C., p. 69. – Cabon A., «Un siècle et demi de journalisme en Haïti», Proceedings of the American antiquarian society, n° XLIX (1939), p. 121-205 (p. 125-138); Menier M. A. et Debien G., «Journaux de Saint-Domingue», Revue d'histoire des colonies, n° XXXVI, 127-128 (1949), p. 424-475 (p. 427-435); Moreau de Saint Méry M., Description topographique, physique, civile, politique et historique de la partie française de l'isle Saint-Domingue, Philadelphie, 1797, rééd. Paris, 1958, p. 493-496. ! 2! Albanese ‘âgé environ; italics mine), and mostly strongly identifiable by the violent markings of possession. Yet Jean-Pierre Ibo exist in other, less concrete archives, which push against and beyond these critical narratives, turning from the violent regulatory power of slavery and toward other nebulous formations of subjecthood. The archival trace cited above is merely one of many material remainders in a wider network of oral traditions, vodou songs, folk tales, rumors, beliefs, and visions. Limning the contours of official histories, Ibo is uncataloguable, undocumented, and almost entirely outside the French language: but he exists in and around materials that most archival formations do not select for. In the early twentieth-century, ethnographers and oral historians, began to register the presence of this figure “Jean-Pierre Ibo” in oral traditions, narratives which, some speculate, have persisted from the time of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Empire, Racial Capitalism and International Law: the Case of Manumitted Haiti and the Recognition Debt
    Leiden Journal of International Law (2018), 31, pp. 597–615 C Foundation of the Leiden Journal of International Law 2018 doi:10.1017/S0922156518000225 INTERNATIONAL LEGAL THEORY Empire, Racial Capitalism and International Law: The Case of Manumitted Haiti and the Recognition Debt ∗ LILIANA OBREGON´ Abstract Before 1492, European feudal practices racialized subjects in order to dispossess, enslave and colonize them. Enslavement of different peoples was a centuries old custom authorized by the lawofnationsandfundamentaltotheeconomiesofempire.Manumission,thoughexceptional, helped to sustain slavery because it created an expectation of freedom, despite the fact that the freed received punitive consequences. In the sixteenth century, as European empires searched for cheaper and more abundant sources of labour with which to exploit their colonies, the Atlantic slave trade grew exponentially as slaves became equated with racialized subjects. This article presents the case of Haiti as an example of continued imperial practices sustained by racial capitalism and the law of nations. In 1789, half a million slaves overthrew their French masters from the colony of Saint Domingue. After decades of defeating recolonization efforts and the loss of almost half their population and resources, Haitian leaders believed their declared independence of 1804 was insufficient, so in 1825 they reluctantly accepted recognition by France while being forced to pay an onerous indemnity debt. Though Haiti was manumitted through the promise of a debt payment, at the same time the new state was re-enslaved as France’s commercial colony. The indemnity debt had consequences for Haiti well into the current century, as today Haiti is one of the poorest and most dependent nations in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Performance, Aesthetics, and the Unfinished Haitian Revolution Jeremy Matthew Glick
    The Black Radical Tragic America and the Long 19th Century General Editors David Kazanjian, Elizabeth McHenry, and Priscilla Wald Black Frankenstein: The Making of an American Metaphor Elizabeth Young Neither Fugitive nor Free: Atlantic Slavery, Freedom Suits, and the Legal Culture of Travel Edlie L. Wong Shadowing the White Man’s Burden: U.S. Imperialism and the Problem of the Color Line Gretchen Murphy Bodies of Reform: The Rhetoric of Character in Gilded- Age America James B. Salazar Empire’s Proxy: American Literature and U.S. Imperialism in the Philippines Meg Wesling Sites Unseen: Architecture, Race, and American Literature William A. Gleason Racial Innocence: Performing American Childhood from Slavery to Civil Rights Robin Bernstein American Arabesque: Arabs and Islam in the Nineteenth Century Imaginary Jacob Rama Berman Racial Indigestion: Eating Bodies in the Nineteenth Century Kyla Wazana Tompkins Idle Threats: Men and the Limits of Productivity in Nineteenth- Century America Andrew Lyndon Knighton The Traumatic Colonel: The Founding Fathers, Slavery, and the Phantasmatic Aaron Burr Michael J. Drexler and Ed White Unsettled States: Nineteenth- Century American Literary Studies Edited by Dana Luciano and Ivy G. Wilson Sitting in Darkness: Mark Twain, Asia, and Comparative Racialization Hsuan L. Hsu Picture Freedom: Remaking Black Visuality in the Early Nineteenth Century Jasmine Nichole Cobb Stella Émeric Bergeaud Translated by Lesley Curtis and Christen Mucher Racial Reconstruction: Black Inclusion, Chinese Exclusion, and the
    [Show full text]
  • Emerging Infectious Diseases
    Peer-Reviewed Journal Tracking and Analyzing Disease Trends pages 1993–2186 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF D. Peter Drotman Managing Senior Editor EDITORIAL BOARD Polyxeni Potter, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Dennis Alexander, Addlestone Surrey, United Kingdom Senior Associate Editor Timothy Barrett, Atlanta, GA, USA Brian W.J. Mahy, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, UK Barry J. Beaty, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Martin J. Blaser, New York, New York, USA Associate Editors Sharon Bloom, Atlanta, GA, USA Paul Arguin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Christopher Braden, Atlanta, GA, USA Charles Ben Beard, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Mary Brandt, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Ermias Belay, Atlanta, GA, USA Arturo Casadevall, New York, New York, USA David Bell, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Kenneth C. Castro, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Corrie Brown, Athens, Georgia, USA Louisa Chapman, Atlanta, GA, USA Charles H. Calisher, Ft. Collins, Colorado, USA Thomas Cleary, Houston, Texas, USA Michel Drancourt, Marseille, France Vincent Deubel, Shanghai, China Paul V. Effl er, Perth, Australia Ed Eitzen, Washington, DC, USA David Freedman, Birmingham, AL, USA Daniel Feikin, Baltimore, MD, USA Peter Gerner-Smidt, Atlanta, GA, USA Anthony Fiore, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Stephen Hadler, Atlanta, GA, USA Kathleen Gensheimer, Cambridge, MA, USA Nina Marano, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Duane J. Gubler, Singapore Martin I. Meltzer, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Richard L. Guerrant, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA David Morens, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Scott Halstead, Arlington, Virginia, USA J. Glenn Morris, Gainesville, Florida, USA David L. Heymann, London, UK Patrice Nordmann, Paris, France Charles King, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Tanja Popovic, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Keith Klugman, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Didier Raoult, Marseille, France Takeshi Kurata, Tokyo, Japan Pierre Rollin, Atlanta, Georgia, USA S.K.
    [Show full text]
  • Black Citizenship, Black Sovereignty: the Haitian Emigration Movement and Black American Politics, 1804-1865
    Black Citizenship, Black Sovereignty: The Haitian Emigration Movement and Black American Politics, 1804-1865 Alexander Campbell History Honors Thesis April 19, 2010 Advisor: Françoise Hamlin 2 Table of Contents Timeline 5 Introduction 7 Chapter I: Race, Nation, and Emigration in the Atlantic World 17 Chapter II: The Beginnings of Black Emigration to Haiti 35 Chapter III: Black Nationalism and Black Abolitionism in Antebellum America 55 Chapter IV: The Return to Emigration and the Prospect of Citizenship 75 Epilogue 97 Bibliography 103 3 4 Timeline 1791 Slave rebellion begins Haitian Revolution 1831 Nat Turner rebellion, Virginia 1804 Independent Republic of Haiti declared, Radical abolitionist paper The Liberator with Jean-Jacques Dessalines as President begins publication 1805 First Constitution of Haiti Written 1836 U.S. Congress passes “gag rule,” blocking petitions against slavery 1806 Dessalines Assassinated; Haiti divided into Kingdom of Haiti in the North, Republic of 1838 Haitian recognition brought to U.S. House Haiti in the South. of Representatives, fails 1808 United States Congress abolishes U.S. 1843 Jean-Pierre Boyer deposed in coup, political Atlantic slave trade chaos follows in Haiti 1811 Paul Cuffe makes first voyage to Africa 1846 Liberia, colony of American Colonization Society, granted independence 1816 American Colonization Society founded 1847 General Faustin Soulouque gains power in 1817 Paul Cuffe dies Haiti, provides stability 1818 Prince Saunders tours U.S. with his 1850 Fugitive Slave Act passes U.S. Congress published book about Haiti Jean-Pierre Boyer becomes President of 1854 Martin Delany holds National Emigration Republic of Haiti Convention Mutiny of the Holkar 1855 James T.
    [Show full text]
  • Browsing Through Bias: the Library of Congress Classification and Subject Headings for African American Studies and LGBTQIA Studies
    Browsing through Bias: The Library of Congress Classification and Subject Headings for African American Studies and LGBTQIA Studies Sara A. Howard and Steven A. Knowlton Abstract The knowledge organization system prepared by the Library of Con- gress (LC) and widely used in academic libraries has some disadvan- tages for researchers in the fields of African American studies and LGBTQIA studies. The interdisciplinary nature of those fields means that browsing in stacks or shelflists organized by LC Classification requires looking in numerous locations. As well, persistent bias in the language used for subject headings, as well as the hierarchy of clas- sification for books in these fields, continues to “other” the peoples and topics that populate these titles. This paper offers tools to help researchers have a holistic view of applicable titles across library shelves and hopes to become part of a larger conversation regarding social responsibility and diversity in the library community.1 Introduction The neat division of knowledge into tidy silos of scholarly disciplines, each with its own section of a knowledge organization system (KOS), has long characterized the efforts of libraries to arrange their collections of books. The KOS most commonly used in American academic libraries is the Li- brary of Congress Classification (LCC). LCC, developed between 1899 and 1903 by James C. M. Hanson and Charles Martel, is based on the work of Charles Ammi Cutter. Cutter devised his “Expansive Classification” to em- body the universe of human knowledge within twenty-seven classes, while Hanson and Martel eventually settled on twenty (Chan 1999, 6–12). Those classes tend to mirror the names of academic departments then prevail- ing in colleges and universities (e.g., Philosophy, History, Medicine, and Agriculture).
    [Show full text]
  • Appropriation in the Francophone Caribbean Region: Challenges and Perspectives Marky Jean-Pierre University of Connecticut - Storrs, Marky.Jean [email protected]
    University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Doctoral Dissertations University of Connecticut Graduate School 4-28-2015 Language (Re)Appropriation in the Francophone Caribbean Region: Challenges and Perspectives Marky Jean-Pierre University of Connecticut - Storrs, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations Recommended Citation Jean-Pierre, Marky, "Language (Re)Appropriation in the Francophone Caribbean Region: Challenges and Perspectives" (2015). Doctoral Dissertations. 777. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations/777 ABSTRACT Language (Re)Appropriation in the Francophone Caribbean Region: Challenges and Perspectives Marky Jean-Pierre University of Connecticut, 2015 The development of the subject depends on whether the subject re-appropriates his/her creation or remains alienated by it. In Material Culture and Mass Consumption. Daniel Miller describes the challenges and perspectives for the subject to re-appropriate his/her creation and what happens when he or she remains alienated by it. Miller combines the work of Hegel, Marx, Simmel, and Munn in an attempt to frame his theory of culture. The key concept that reverberates throughout Miller’s reflection on Hegel, Marx, Simmel, and Munn is his notion of “objectification;” however, an analysis of his work suggests that perhaps Miller’s greatest achievement is the way he theorizes the process of re-appropriation itself, and its implications for the development of the subject. This study examines linguistic forms and practices as taking shape via what Daniel Miller has described an exercise of reappropriation as part of “a dual process by means of which a subject externalizes itself in a creative act of differentiation, and in turn reappropriates this externalization through an act which Hegel terms sublation” (Miller, 28).
    [Show full text]
  • “I Wait for Me”: Visualizing the Absence of the Haitian Revolution in Cinematic Text by Jude Ulysse a Thesis Submitted in C
    “I wait for me”: Visualizing the Absence of the Haitian Revolution in Cinematic Text By Jude Ulysse A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Social Justice Education Ontario Institute for Studies in Education University of Toronto 2017 ABSTRACT “I wait for me” Visualizing the Absence of the Haitian Revolution in Cinematic Text Doctor of Philosophy Department of Social Justice Education Ontario Institute for Studies in Education University of Toronto 2017 In this thesis I explore the memory of the Haitian Revolution in film. I expose the colonialist traditions of selective memory, the ones that determine which histories deserve the attention of professional historians, philosophers, novelists, artists and filmmakers. In addition to their capacity to comfort and entertain, films also serve to inform, shape and influence public consciousness. Central to the thesis, therefore, is an analysis of contemporary filmic representations and denials of Haiti and the Haitian Revolution. I employ a research design that examines the relationship between depictions of Haiti and the country’s colonial experience, as well as the revolution that reshaped that experience. I address two main questions related to the revolution and its connection to the age of modernity. The first concerns an examination of how Haiti has contributed to the production of modernity while the second investigates what it means to remove Haiti from this production of modernity. I aim to unsettle the hegemonic understanding of modernity as the sole creation of the West. The thrust of my argument is that the Haitian Revolution created the space where a re-articulation of the human could be possible.
    [Show full text]
  • French Ambition and Acadian Labor in the Caribbean, 1762-1767”
    401 “Empire Ex Nihilo: French Ambition and Acadian Labor in the Caribbean, 1762-1767” Christopher Hodson, Northwestern University “Lost Colonies” Conference, March 26-27, 2004 (Please do not cite, quote, or circulate without written permission from the author) At the conclusion of the Seven Years’ War in 1763, geopolitical equilibrium gave way to grotesque imbalance. Great Britain had become a leviathan, acquiring Canada, several key islands in the West Indies, Senegal in Africa, French possessions in the Mediterranean, India, and on the East Indian island of Sumatra, while crushing Gallic pretensions to the Ohio Valley. For Louis XV and his cast of ministers, utter defeat had raised the stakes of the imperial contest; Britain’s near-global dominance demanded a rapid, thorough response. The integration of France’s remaining overseas territories into a militant, economically competitive polity became the penultimate projet in a kingdom bursting with les hommes à projets.1 Draped in the rhetoric of progress, the plans that emerged from this hothouse of patriotism and personal ambition marked an extension of imperial authority unlike any France had ever seen.2 Mercifully, few of these bizarre proposals ever came to fruition. This essay, however, examines two that did. The first, a colony along the Kourou River in Guiana, failed in spectacular fashion only months after its foundation. Thousands of migrants died, and destitute survivors scattered throughout Europe and the Caribbean. The second, a smaller settlement on the northern coast of Saint Domingue, commenced early in 1764. It proved a disappointment, lapsing into obscurity over the next two years. Settlers died or filtered to greener, if equally fetid pastures in Louisiana.
    [Show full text]
  • Louisiana's Code Noir (1724) BLACK CODE of LOUISIANA I. Decrees
    Louisiana’s Code Noir (1724) BLACK CODE OF LOUISIANA I. Decrees the expulsion of Jews from the colony. II. Makes it imperative on masters to impart religious instruction to their slaves. III. Permits the exercise of the Roman Catholic creed only. Every other mode of worship is prohibited. IV. Negroes placed under the direction or supervision of any other person than a Catholic, are liable to confiscation. V. Sundays and holidays are to be strictly observed. All negroes found at work on these days are to be confiscated. VI. We forbid our white subjects, of both sexes, to marry with the blacks, under the penalty of being fined and subjected to some other arbitrary punishment. We forbid all curates, priests, or missionaries of our secular or regular clergy, and even our chaplains in our navy to sanction such marriages. We also forbid all our white subjects, and even the manumitted or free-born blacks, to live in a state of concubinage with blacks. Should there be any issue from this kind of intercourse, it is our will that the person so offending, and the master of the slave, should pay each a fine of three hundred livres. Should said issue be the result of the concubinage of the master with his slave, said master shall not only pay the fine, but be deprived of the slave and of the children, who shall be adjudged to the hospital of the locality, and said slaves shall be forever incapable of being set free. But should this illicit intercourse have existed between a free black and his slave, when said free black had no legitimate wife, and should said black marry said slave according to the forms prescribed by the church, said slave shall be thereby set free, and the children shall also become free and legitimate ; and in such a case, there shall be no application of the penalties mentioned in the present article.
    [Show full text]
  • Haiti in the British Imagination, 1847–1904 Jack Webb
    Haiti in the British Imagination, 1847–1904 by Jack Webb Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of DOCTOR IN PHILOSOPHY September 2016 ii Acknowledgements Throughout the course of researching and writing this thesis, I have collected many debts. My first note of thanks must go to my supervisors, Charles Forsdick, Kate Marsh, and Mark Towsey. I could not ask for a better group of scholars to guide me through the often exhausting and exasperating PhD process. In their very individual ways, they each provided me with a wealth of support, knowledge, encouragement, and insight. They have persistently taught me to think critically, to be respectful of my source material, and to reflect on why this project matters. I think I am one of the few PhD students who will claim to miss supervisory meetings! Beyond this trio, I have formed my own ‘academic support group’. Key within this are the fellow Haitianists who were, for a fleeting moment, all based in Liverpool: Dr Wendy Asquith, Dr Kate Hodgson, and Dr Raphael Hoermann. Their thought-provoking conversation, contacts, and eagerness to convene events has been invaluable to this project. Fellow PhD students in the Department have always been well placed to offer advice when it’s been most needed, these include (but are not limited to) Nick Bubak, Joe Kelly, Philip Sargeant, Kanok Nas, Pablo Bradbury, Emily Trafford, Joe Mulhearn, Tom Webb, Dan Warner, Alison Clarke, and Jon Wilson. I have also happily drawn on the intellect of historians employed in, and outside of the Department.
    [Show full text]
  • Slavery in Haiti
    Africa Enslaved A Curriculum Unit on Comparative Slave Systems for Grades 9-12 Developed by: Natalie Arsenault, Teresa Lozano Long Institute of Latin American Studies Christopher Rose, Center for Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Texas at Austin About the Authors Natalie Arsenault is Outreach Coordinator at the Teresa Lozano Long Institute of Latin American Studies at the University of Texas at Austin. She holds an M.A. in Latin American Studies from the University of Florida. She has worked extensively on Latin American content-based activities with educators at all levels; has present- ed on her own research at regional and national educator conferences; and has developed multiple standards- aligned curriculum units related to Latin America. She can be reached at [email protected] Christopher Rose is Outreach Coordinator at the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Texas at Austin, where he obtained his M.A. in Middle Eastern Studies. He is responsible for educational outreach to classrooms, business, the media, and community groups to increase awareness on matters related to the Middle East and its many diverse cultures. He is a frequent guest speaker in schools throughout the Austin area, and he has developed many curriculum resources to supplement K-12 curricula in world studies. He can be reached at [email protected] Africa Enslaved: A Curriculum Unit on Comparative Slave Systems for Grades 9 -12 Compilation date: March 2006 Permission is granted to reproduce this unit for classroom use only. Please do not redistribute this unit without prior permission. For more information, please see: http://inic.utexas.edu/hemispheres/ Cover photo: The slave monument, Stone Town, Zanzibar, Tanzania © 2003, Christopher Rose 3 Haiti CIA World Factbook, 1988.
    [Show full text]
  • The New Orleans Free People of Color and the Process of Americanization, 1803-1896
    W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2005 The New Orleans Free People of Color and the Process of Americanization, 1803-1896 Camille Kempf Gourdet College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the African American Studies Commons, African History Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Gourdet, Camille Kempf, "The New Orleans Free People of Color and the Process of Americanization, 1803-1896" (2005). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539626484. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-wf20-pk69 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE NEW ORLEANS FREE PEOPLE OF COLOR AND THE PROCESS OF AMERICANIZATION, 1803-1896 A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Anthropology The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Camille K. Gourdet 2005 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Camille Kempf feourdet Approved by the Committee, May 2005 sor, Chair kii HhtC'QuL. $you2, Kathleen Bragdon, Professor UX-— M. Lynn Weiss, Professor ii To my husband Nico, who has always stood firmly by my side. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgements vi Abstract vii Chapter I.
    [Show full text]