Bauhaus Dessau and the Movement of Modernism in Saxony-Anhalt 31

BAUHAUS DESSAU AND THE MOVEMENT OF MODERNISM IN SAXONY-ANHALT 31

Bauhaus building in Dessau, Walter Gropius (1925–26), Glass façade | Tadashi Okochi © Pen Magazine, 2010, Bauhaus Dessau Foundation

Dessau-Roßlau 10

Magdeburg 22

Halle (Saale) 32

Lutherstadt Wittenberg 38

Elbingerode 42

Zickzackhausen & more 46 2 GREETING 1

Welcome to the land of the modern era

DEAR READERS,

axony-Anhalt is a province boasting top-class culture. Two key anniversaries of global importance are testament to this: in 2017, Saxony-Anhalt was at the heart of the 500 th anniversary celebrations of the Reformation, and 2019 will mark the 100th anniversary Sof the Bauhaus, which was founded in Weimar and experienced its golden period in Dessau. Like the Luther sites, the Bauhaus Dessau is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In its anniversary year, we wish to showcase Saxony-Anhalt as a province of the modern era. In 2016, the exhibition “Große Pläne! Die Angewandte Mo- derne in Sachsen-Anhalt 1919–1933” (“Great plans! Applied modernism in Saxony-Anhalt 1919–1933”), which was held throughout the province, clearly demonstrated that our entire province experienced a marvellous spirit of optimism during that period. Entrepreneurs, engi - neers, artists and politicians wanted to turn the region into a modern place to live and work. The modernist architecture is not only found in Dessau but also in several residential areas in Magdeburg. We are well prepared for the anniversary year. Alongside Thuringia and Berlin which also enjoy close links with the history of the Bauhaus, Saxony-Anhalt will hold prime responsibili- ty for the celebrations. Besides the federal government, several provinces are also members of the Bauhaus Association 2019, which was founded on the initiative of Saxony-Anhalt. This powerful association is best placed to succeed in creating international awareness for the Discover Saxony-Anhalt – the federal state Bauhaus and modernism in view of the anniversary year. which is home to more authentic Bauhaus Friends of the Bauhaus, hailing from both Germany and abroad, can look forward to a buildings than any other, and in which the high-quality programme of events in Saxony-Anhalt. The Bauhaus Dessau Foundation will Bauhaus – as the icon of modernity – was at its naturally be at the heart of a programme networked across the province. The new Bauhaus Museum will provide a modern infrastructure for the presentation of the Bauhaus heritage. most industrious. Experience places such as I can promise you an architectural gem that is bound to become a symbol of Dessau-Roßlau. the Bauhaus Dessau with its Masters’ Houses, This brochure includes comprehensive background information on the Bauhaus anniversary. the works of Lyonel Feininger in Halle (Saale) It is a treasure trove for Bauhaus fans and anyone with an interest in it. Whet your appetite and the colourful city of Magdeburg. for a visit to us. You will be most welcome in Saxony-Anhalt! Yours,

Dr Reiner Haseloff Minister President 2 100 YEARS OF BAUHAUS 3

A couple of questions about the Bauhaus anniversary:

Which event are you Dr Perren, what is your Bauhaus students on the canteen terrace of the most looking forward to favourite piece in the | Bauhaus building in Dessau, 1931/1932 © Bauhaus during the anniversary collection of the Bauhaus Dessau Foundation (I 19044 F), Photo: unknown year, Mr Robra? Dessau Foundation which will also be on display in the new Bauhaus Museum?

The Bauhaus celebrates its The Bauhaus experienced its golden period One of my favourite pieces is the photo- th “ in Dessau. The collection of the Bauhaus “ graph “Hochhaus Friedrichstrasse”. I have Dessau Foundation, with its 44,000 cata- known about Mies van der Rohe’s pho- 100 anniversary together with logued pieces, is the second largest collection tograph since my student days; it made a deep in the world relating to the Bauhaus. It goes impression on me back then with its visionary partners all over the world without saying that I am particularly looking power. Mies van der Rohe makes Wilhelminian forward to the opening of the Bauhaus Museum. Berlin seem even gloomier than it already was, – Germany will ment to form the “Bauhaus Association 2019” in It will make the Bauhaus city of Dessau-Roßlau and with his vision of a new kind of architecture celebrate the order to celebrate the anniversary together. even more attractive, and finally provide the made entirely out of glass, he aspires to reach for 100th anniver- opportunity to properly present many previously the sky from the darkness with brilliance, vigour sivary of the Dessau is the city most closely associated with hidden treasures of the Bauhaus.” and simplicity. In doing so, he not only proclaims 201foundation of the Bauhaus9 together with partners the Bauhaus. This is where the school of design a new architectural language but also his social all over the world. Founded in Weimar in 1919, relo- was active for the longest period of time and attitude towards the modern movement. This cated to Dessau in 1925 and closed in Berlin in 1933, where it experienced its golden period between Rainer Robra photograph will certainly make its mark in the school of design only existed for a total of 14 1925 and 1932. All three directors of the Bauhaus, Head of the State Chancellery the collection at the new Bauhaus Museum in years. Despite this, the Bauhaus continues to have Walter Gropius, Hannes Meyer and Mies van der and Minister of Culture Dessau, which is due to open in 2019 for the an impact to this day. Rohe, lived and worked here. This period was also of the State of Saxony-Anhalt 100th anniversary of the Bauhaus.” the heyday for Bauhaus architecture, which is With the motto “Die Welt neu denken” (“Rethin- why most Bauhaus buildings are located in Des- king the world”), the three leading Bauhaus institu- sau-Roßlau. The Bauhaus building, the Masters’ Dr Claudia Perren tions in Berlin, Dessau and Weimar have teamed up Houses and the Laubenganghäuser (Houses with Chair and Director with eleven provinces as well as the federal govern- Balcony Access) are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Bauhaus Dessau Foundation 4 5

There will be a very special event in Dessau-Roßlau to mark the 100th anniversary: the opening of the Bau haus Museum on 8 September 2019, which, for the first time, will provide a suitable space for an extensive public presentation of the valuable collection of the Bauhaus Dessau Foundation. www.bauhaus-dessau.de

MODERNIST BUILDINGS Following the footsteps of the movement of modernism IN SAXONY-ANHALT Nowhere else in Germany can you experience as much of the Bauhaus and modernism as you can in Saxony- Anhalt. The famous Bauhaus sites in Dessau-Roßlau STENDAL and other formative places of the modern era, such as | Secondary school in Magdeburg, Halle (Saale), Aschersleben and Sanger- hausen, invite you to learn about its history. Buildings from the age of classical modernism (1919–1933) reflect creative minds in architecture, technology and art who sought to make the dream of a better life a reality. Towards Hannover Hannover Towards HALDENSLEBEN | AMEOS Klinikum (district hospital / former state sanatorium with housing estate) Towards Berlin

MAGDEBURG | Municipal hall with Albinmüller tower and Pferdetor DESSAU-ROSSLAU (horse gate) | Hermann Beims housing estate | | Bauhaus building Otto Richter street | Rothensee boat lift | | Masters’ houses | Laubengang- Garden city colony in Reform | AOK Sachsen-Anhalt häuser (houses with balcony (health insurance agency) | Cracau housing estate | access) of Dessau-Törten | Hermann Gieseler hall | War monument Dessau-Törten housing estate | of Ernst Barlach in the cathedral to Magdeburg | Kornhaus | Steel house of LUTHERSTADT Second Memorial to freethinkers at Westfriedhof | Dessau-Törten | Konsum OLi-Kino (cinema) Building of Dessau-Törten WITTENBERG | Historical employment offi ce | Piesteritz factory SAXONY-ANHALT. THE BAUHAUS. | Sports and community settlement building “Kurt Elster” (SPUK). OUR SPIRIT. WERNIGERODE | Railway station and Westerntor vehicle workshop BERNBURG (SAALE) ASCHERSLEBEN | Zickzackhausen (zigzag houses) – ELBINGERODE | Filmpalast Anton-Saefkow-settlement | Deaconnesses’ Motherhouse (cinema complex) he Bauhaus was not a solitary move- “Neuvandsburg” “Saxony-Anhalt. The Bauhaus. Our spirit. BITTERFELD-WOLFEN ment, but rather part of a particular #moderndenken”, is the slogan used by Saxony- | town hall, former building 041 structural change in the region that Anhalt to mark the 100th anniversary of the Bau- HALLE (SAALE) (main building of the ORWO fi lm | Großgarage Süd (south car park) | factory in Wolfen) was typical of the time. The diverse haus. The province is thus taking up the network Giebichenstein bridge | Pfarrkirche Tconnections are particularly well demonstrated philosophy of the historic Bauhaus, focusing on “Zur Heiligsten Dreieinigkeit” (holy in today’s region of Saxony-Anhalt. Following the programmes in Dessau-Roßlau, Halle (Saale) trinity catholic parish church) | Wasserturm Süd (water tower) | First World War, there was a great spirit of opti- and Magdeburg, as well as supplementing the- SANGERHAUSEN Ratshof (city council building) | mism accompanied by a rapidly growing industry, se with other projects in different parts of the | Sangerhausen Volksbank Transformatorenstation Universi- MERSEBURG despite all the political and economic instability. province. This network also includes sites such as tätsring (substation) | Allgemeine | former residential building and health offi ce Ortskrankenkasse (AOK building / the garden city in Wittenberg-Piesteritz and the health insurance agency) A dynamic which catapulted the region into the po- Deaconnesses’ Motherhouse in Elbingerode, as litical, cultural and artistic modern era emerged and well as many other masterpieces of the modern BAD DÜRRENBERG | Laubenganghäuser (houses with thus set the scene for the Bauhaus’ decision to relo- era presented in this brochure. Guests can enjoy cate from Weimar to Dessau in the Anhalt region. an attractive, wide-ranging programme of visits, balcony access) and marketplace Dresden Towards This path is clearly reflected in innovative town and bringing about a journey of discovery in the vari- development planning. Nowadays, Saxony-Anhalt ous regions of Saxony-Anhalt. not only represents the Bauhaus movement but also N – quite simply – the movement of modernism. www.bauhaus-entdecken.de 8 EVENT HIGHLIGHTS 9

th The 100 anniversary of the Bau- 01.04. – 30.11.2019 31.08. – 10.11.2019 29.09.2019 – 12.01.2020 haus is one of the largest cultural INVISIBLE PLACES THE ROOF BAUHAUS MASTERS events of 2019. Unique exhibitions, Exhibition in the city’s public OF MODERNITY MODERNISM spaces with daily accompanying Zollbau Merseburg – Junkers Exhibition at Kunstmuseum collection displays and celebratory programme; Dessau-Roßlau Dessau. Construction and world- Moritzburg; Halle (Saale) events promise an unforgettable www.visitdessau.com wide distribution; Merseburg www.stiftung-moritzburg.de anniversary in Saxony-Anhalt. www.merseburg.de Experience it for yourself and 13.04. – 12.05.2019 From 03.10.2019 TASTING TOMORROW September 2019 HIGHLY MODERN! discover your personal highlight! Porcelain, Bauhaus and haut VIOLETT – MAGDEBURG SCHOOL cuisine; Halle (Saale) A WORLD PREMIERE OF APPLIED ARTS AND For more events, please visit: www.kunststiftung-sachsen- OF KANDINSKY’S CRAFTS 1793–1963 www.bauhaus-entdecken.de anhalt.de COLOUR OPERA Exhibition at Forum Gestaltung Anhaltisches Theater Dessau; Magdeburg; Magdeburg From 18.04.2019 Dessau-Roßlau www.forum-gestaltung.de BAUHAUS DESSAU www.anhaltisches-theater.de BUILDINGS. ICONS 04.10. – 06.10.2019 OF MODERNISM 01.09. – 22.12.2019 THE TRIENNIAL RE-CURATED. LIGHT, AIR, SUN – OF MODERNISM Bauhaus buildings, Masters’ ARCHITECTURE OF Dessau-Roßlau Houses, the Dessau-Törten MODERNISM IN www.triennale-der-moderne.de housing estate; Dessau-Roßlau STENDAL 1919–1933 www.bauhaus-dessau.de Stendal 20.10.2019 – 10.02.2020 www.museum.stendal.de MODERN ICONOGRAPHY. 18.11.2018 – 24.02.2019 March – June 2019 01.03. – 17.03.2019 01.05. – 31.10.2019 PHOTOGRAPHY IN THE WE ARE MOVING TO THE MANNED SPACE KURT WEILL FESTIVAL PASSAGES From 08.09.2019 URBAN ENVIRONMENT. HALLE – MARGUERITE FLIGHT IN MAGDEBURG. Dessau-Roßlau BAUHAUS-CITY VERSUCHSSTÄTTE THE BAUHAUS AND ITS FRIEDLAENDER AND PILOTS, VISIONARIES www.kurt-weill-fest.de Interventions in the urban BAUHAUS. CONSEQUENCES. GERHARD MARCKS AND INVENTORS space Dessau-Roßlau THE COLLECTION. Exhibition at the Kunstmuseum Exhibition at “Talstrasse” Exhibition at the Technik 08.03. – 16.06.2019 www.visitdessau.com Bauhaus Museum Dessau; Kloster Unser Lieben Frauen; art gallery; Halle (Saale) museum; Magdeburg THE REFORM CITY Dessau-Roßlau Magdeburg www.kunstverein-talstrasse.de www.technikmuseum- OF THE MODERN ERA. 25.05. – 09.06.2019 www.bauhaus-dessau.de www.kunstmuseum- magdeburg.de MAGDEBURG IN THE WERKLEITZ FESTIVAL magdeburg.de 30.11.2018 – 16.06.2019 TWENTIES Dessau-Roßlau 11.09. – 15.09.2019 SMALL FLAT, FASHION March – October 2019 Exhibition at the Kulturhisto www.werkleitz.de FESTIVAL STAGE TOTAL 28.11.2019 – 05.01.2020 HOUSE, POWER STATION – EXHIBITION IN rischen Museum, Magdeburg; Dessau-Roßlau TYPO-UTOPIA NEWS WAYS OF THE CITY CENTRE Magdeburg 31.05. – 02.06.2019 www.visitdessau.com Multimedia installation BUILDINGS AND NEW Bernburg www.khm-magdeburg.de FESTIVAL at Landeskunststiftung; WAYS OF LIVING IN www.bernburg.de ARCHITECTURE RADICAL 22.09.2019 – 09.02.2020 Halle (Saale) THE HALLE OF THE 20s 20.03. – 24.03.2019 Dessau-Roßlau MODERN YOUTH? www.kunststiftung- Exhibition at the Stadtmuseum, March – November 2019 FESTIVAL SCHOOL www.bauhaus-dessau.de Exhibition at the Francke Found- sachsen-anhalt.de Halle; Halle (Saale) MODERNISM IN MAG FUNDAMENTAL ations in Halle; Halle (Saale) www.stadtmuseumhalle.de DEBURG IN THE 1920s Dessau-Roßlau 31.08.2019 – 09.02.2020 www.francke-halle.de December 2019 Joint lecture series by the www.bauhaus-dessau.de MERSEBURG IN THE BAUHAUS’ BIRTHDAY 10.02. – 12.05.2019 Kulturhistorisches Museum, WEIMAR REPUBLIC 26.09.2019 – 26.01.2020 Dessau-Roßlau STILLNESS IN THE the municipal archive and 29.03. – 14.07.2019 (1918–1933) MIND YOUR FIGURE www.bauhaus-dessau.de NOISE OF TIME. MARC, the municipal library; DECONSTRUCTION From the heart of the Prussian Artistic and aesthetic develop- MACKE, NOLDE Magdeburg OF MODERNISM government to an industrial and ments in the puppet theatre Exhibition at Kunstmuseum www.khm-magdeburg.de, Exhibition at Forum workers’ city; Merseburg of the twenties; Exhibition in Moritzburg; Halle (Saale) www.magdeburg- Gestaltung; Magdeburg www.merseburg.de the puppet theatre; Magdeburg www.stiftung-moritzburg.de stadtbibliothek.de www.forum-gestaltung.de www.puppentheater- magdeburg.de 10 DESSAU-ROSSLAU / DESSAU – THE BAUHAUS CITY 11

The Bauhaus Building by DESSAU-ROSSLAU Walter Gropius (1925–26), South-west view, 2017 | Bauhaus Dessau Foundation/ Photo: Th. Meyer, OSTKREUZ THE BAUHAUS CITY 10 DESSAU-ROSSLAU / DESSAU – THE BAUHAUS CITY 11 Attractions The Bauhaus Building by Walter Gropius (1925–26), at a glance South-west view, 2017 | Bauhaus Dessau Foundation/ Photo: Th. Meyer, OSTKREUZ BAUHAUS BUILDING Walter Gropius, who founded the Bauhaus in 1919 and was its Director until 1928, had the Bauhaus Building constructed in 1925/26 as the “School of Design”. Today, the Bauhaus Building is an icon of 20th century architecture, along with other Bauhaus buildings in Dessau-Roßlau. | www.bauhaus-dessau.de

MASTERS’ HOUSES Coinciding with the Bauhaus Building, the City of Dessau commiss i oned Walter Gropius with the construction of three semi-detached houses for the Bauhaus masters and a detached house for the Director. Together with the Bauhaus Buil - ding, the Masters’ Houses were added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1996. | www.bauhaus-dessau.de

KORNHAUS The Kornhaus restaurant was built in 1929/30 right on the bank of the River Elbe. It was designed by Carl Fieger. | www.kornhaus-dessau.de

DESSAU-TÖRTEN HOUSING ESTATE The Törten trial housing estate with the Konsum building built by Walter Gropius in 1928, the Laubenganghäuser (Houses with Balcony Access) designed by Hannes Meyer and the Steel House completed in 1929 are outstanding examples of the “Neues Bauen” movement of the 1920s. | www.bauhaus-dessau.de

HISTORICAL EMPLOYMENT OFFICE Walter Gropius’ design for the Employment Offi ce in 1928 was characterised by its striving for rationalisation, as was customary in industry at the time. The unusual fl oor plan makes the yellow-brick, steel structure a trend-setting example of functionalist architecture. | www.bauhaus-dessau.de

SPORTS AND COMMUNITY BUILDING “KURT ELSTER” (SPUK) The Sport and Community building, in short “SPUK”, which was previously the building of the Dessau Ortskrankenkasse (health insurance agency), is a modernist building designed by architect Erich Kurt Elster and inaugurated on 21st Decem- ber 1930. The construction work was carried out by Junkers Stahlbau. | www.hugo-junkers.info

HUGO JUNKERS TECHINCAL MUSEUM The “Hugo Junkers” Technical Museum, situated on the grounds of the former Junkers airplane and motor factory, provides an insight into Junkers’ life’s work and outstanding technical excellence in the early 20th century. | www.technikmuseum-dessau.de 12 DESSAU-ROSSLAU / DESSAU – THE BAUHAUS CITY 13

“This house must “This building be seen,” were the enthusiastic words must be seen” of the daily newspaper “Berliner Tageblatt” on 7th December 1926. It was referring to the Bauhaus Building de- masters in studio rooms. The third signed by Walter Gro building complex hosted the studi- “The structure pius in Dessau, which os. An intermediate building – of a building had been inaugurated where there is a so-called festive evolves from three days earlier with area comprising an auditorium and the course a big celebration. canteen – connected the studio of events wing and the studio building, and a that take bridge connected the studio wing place in it.” ore than 1000 guests and the school. The bridge was attended the festivi- intended for the administrative WALTER ties, including around offices and the office of Bauhaus 100 journalists from Director Gropius. GROPIUS Mall over Germany and abroad. There had already been a press tour for However, his contemporaries con- The synthesis of life, craft and art was the them the day before to which the sidered his most impressive achieve- credo of the art school, response had been enormous. A ment to be the studio building, the State Bauhaus in writer for the newspaper “Ham- called the Preller Building (“Preller Weimar, which archi burger Anzeiger” was impressed by haus”). The name was adopted tect Walter Gropius Gropius’ “down-to-earth, creative from the Weimar studio building, had founded in 1919 in drive”, which aimed to achieve the which had been named after the Weimar. His goal was to construct a “building “greatest diversity possible with court painter Friedrich Preller. The of the future” that maximum typification”. studios were single rooms, which, would be a synthesis although quite small at around 24 of the arts. He rejected The then innovative division of the square meters, were highly modern traditional architecture, building into three wing-shaped and comfortable. They had electrical since he believed that sections organised according to connections, radiators, fitted ward- buildings should primar- ily be functional. function was astonishing. The voca- robes, washing facilities, worktops, tional training school was housed in sleeping alcoves, and tubular steel Gropius succeeded the first section. The studio building furniture mainly designed by Marcel in standing up to the external pressure on accommodated students and junior Breuer. Some rooms had small the Bauhaus and using opportunities offered by the media to pub- licise his goals and set the Bauhaus in a Architecture positive light like no behind glass – other. Even after his a window façade emigration to the USA, in the Bauhaus “Mr Bauhaus” did not Building | stop promoting the Much loved by students: the balconies © Bauhaus Dessau, Bauhaus and he was of the studio building | People of the Dessau Photo: S. Kaps, very successful in his Bauhaus (from the Bauhaus photo album by © VG Bild-Kunst, efforts, thanks to his Fritz Schreiber), Bauhaus Dessau Foundation Bonn 2018 strong reputation and (I 18980 F), © unknown teaching position at Harvard University. 14 DESSAU-ROSSLAU / DESSAU – THE BAUHAUS CITY 15

balconies where Bauhaus students were a great luxury for students met to talk or to eat together. in the 1920s. On this basis, and the Heads poking out, fact that the rent of 20 Reichsmark There were kitchenettes on every – including cleaning and gas – was necks craning floor, which, although quite nar- relatively low, the studios were row, served their purpose with their highly sought-after. and eyes staring small hot plates, sinks and narrow wall racks. The kitchenettes were Looking back, Swiss Bauhaus res- connected to the canteen kitchen ident, painter, photographer and via a service lift, which boasted stage designer Xanti Schawinsky technical fittings that were state- said, “The new studio building took of-the-art at that time. The service up an important position in the his- lift stopped at all floors and provid- tory of modern architecture.” ed the residents with food. In the building itself there were communal www.bauhaus-dessau.de Bauhaus students facilities such as terraces, baths on a balcony of the studio house, 1931 | © Bauhaus and showers, and even a gym in the Dessau Foundation, basement. People lived well in the Photo: unknown Preller Building. In fact, single rooms

Sleep like a Bauhaus resident

Anyone interested in what life was like for Bau- haus residents in the studio building can try it out for themselves and book a room for one or more nights – a special kind of Bauhaus experience: In the recreated studio rooms you can experience the atmos- phere of the Bauhaus to this day. From the floor plan and the material to the replicas of the original furniture, everything has been restored to its original state in great detail. Some rooms are reminiscent of their former inhabitants thanks to the furniture designs, and selected rooms are currently dedicated to Bauhaus residents Alfred and Gertrud Arndt, the Albers and Franz Ehrlich.

Many other well-known people from the Bauhaus era also lived and worked in the studio rooms, including Josef Albers, Erich Con- Top picture: Bauhaus Building Dessau, semüller, Herbert Bayer, Walter Peterhans, Hannes Meyer, Joost Architect Walter Gropius; The recreated Schmidt and Marcel Breuer. Gertrud Arndt, Marianne Brandt, studio room, October 2013 | Bauhaus Gunta Stölzl and Anni Albers lived on what was known as the Dessau Foundation / © (Gropius, “ladies’ floor.” You simply could not find a more authentic setting Walter, Stadler-Stölzl, Adelgunde) for a stay in Dessau-Roßlau. If this isn’t authentic enough, you VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn 2018 / Photo: Y. Tenschert, 2013 The Masters’ Houses in Dessau were built can enjoy breakfast in Café-Bistro in the basement of the studio according to the modular design principle | Bottom picture: Bauhaus Building building. © Bauhaus Dessau Foundation / Architect: Dessau, Architect Walter Gropius; Room Walter Gropius, 1925/26 / Photo: Y. Tenschert in the studio building, Bauhaus Building www.bauhaus-dessau.de 2013 | Bauhaus Dessau Foundation / © (Gropius, Walter) VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn 2018 / Photo: N. Brade 16 DESSAU-ROSSLAU / DESSAU – THE BAUHAUS CITY 17

“Out of every car and every horse-drawn carriage that drove by or trundled past the kitchen, Nina Kandinsky requested a people would poke out fireplace in her living room and Tut their heads, crane their Schlemmer wanted gas heating.” necks out and stare at Gropius naively reassured them that he would remember everything, yet, “I saw all us”, wrote the Bauhaus according to Isaacs, he stuck to his the colours master Lyonel Feinin- own designs. in my mind, ger in 1927 in a letter right in front to his wife, Julia. To promote the concept of the of my eyes.” “Neues Bauen” movement, Gropius Farnsworth House had designed the house not only WASSILY in Plano near Chicago.| THE as a home for himself and his wife Creator: Mies van der “NEUES KANDIN- arallel to the Bauhaus Ise but also as an exhibition object. Rohe, Wikimedia Com- SKY building, Walter Gro- Through guided tours and film se- mons, licenced under BAUEN” pius implemented the ries called “How do we live healthily CreativeCommons MOVEMENT licence by-sa-2.0-de, He could see music. construction of three and economically?” for the purpos- IN THE http://creativecommons. When Wassily Kandinsky Psemi-detached houses for the es of self-promotion, the couple NEW org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/de/ attended a performance Bauhaus masters and a detached reached the conclusion that even legalcode WORLD of Wagner’s opera house for the Director. The City of years after the completion of the Impressive design and colours: The stairwell “Lohengrin” in Moscow Dessau had commissioned him with Masters’ Houses, public interest in of the School of Design in Dessau-Roßlau. | © State in 1895, he found it to be Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology, an enlightening experi- this. The result was a building that the project was not waning. Besides Saxony-Anhalt, Photo: R. Ulbrich, © VG Bild-Kunst, MIES VAN ence. Because not only became the epitome of modern the many onlookers, prominent fig- Bonn 2018 DER ROHE did he hear the sounds, living – and that was exactly what ures also came to take a closer look he saw them too. “I saw Gropius had wanted to achieve. at the building and its interior and AND NEW all the colours in my to get to know its inhabitants. YORK mind, right in front of my While designing the houses and eyes,” he later recalled. Like many Bauhaus His special relation- their interiors, Gropius received With the Masters’ Houses the residents, architect ship with colour is also good advice, suggestions and active objective was not only to convey New kitchens Mies van der Rohe – the reflected in his house support from his wife Ise, as well as the concept of the “Neues Bauen” third and last Bauhaus Director – emigrated in the Masters’ House from the wives of the other masters, movement but also that of the for the new woman to the USA after the estate. Kandinsky had his who pestered him with their own modern interior design. It featured dining room painted in National Socialists ideas. Gropius’ biographer, Reginald a wealth of remarkable details, from black and white and an closed the Bauhaus R. Isaacs, wrote, “Lily Klee wanted the walk-in wardrobe, the built-in in 1933. He resumed alcove in the living room The First World War created a new type of woman to have a kitchen stove, El Muche cupboards to the collapsible dou- teaching at the Armour covered in gold leaf. for whom keeping house had declined in importance. fancied an electric stove in her ble sofa. The water heaters and Institute in Chicago A new kitchen was an absolute must, where the work to and also continued to radiators, with which the Junkers be done there could be accomplished faster. The fitted work as an architect. factories had equipped the Masters’ kitchen was born. Farnsworth House in In the Houses, were met with amazement Plano, near Chicago, and Master´s at the time. The housekeeping the Seagram Building in Walter Gropius was also convinced that the emancipated woman needed House technology was downright revolu- New York are now con- a household equipped with functional technology. The “Haus Am Horn”, Moholy- tionary. sidered masterpieces Nagy | Photo: designed by Georg Muche in 1923 in Weimar, was equipped with a fitted of modern architecture. © IMG, © VG kitchen and state-of-the-art technology. During the planning of the Mas- www.bauhaus-dessau.de Bild-Kunst, ters’ Houses in Dessau, they went even further and set new standards in Bonn 2018 modern housekeeping technology. In the fitted kitchen in Gropius’ house, there was a water sprayer for the dishes, with which soap was mixed auto - matically, a washing machine and a spin dryer.

Visitors to the Masters’ Houses, particularly the members of the Dessau Housewives’ Association, were astonished at the sight of the kitchen. 18 DESSAU-ROSSLAU / DESSAU – THE BAUHAUS CITY 19

“The needs of the people instead of the need for luxury”

“The needs of the other teachers, students planned people instead of the and implemented the housing need for luxury” was estate as part of collaborative the motto of the sec- efforts. The apartments were tight “To work ond Bauhaus Director, for space: a family of four usually my way out Hannes Meyer, which had three rooms covering 48 square of ruins, he followed in Dessau metres, including a kitchen and a I had to fly” during the construc- bathroom. While Gropuis purpose- tion of the Lauben- fully intended to allow for home PAUL THE ganghäuser (Houses ownership of his terraced houses, Light, airy, The Törten housing estate was built in with Balcony Access). the Houses with Balcony Access KLEE GARDEN a prefabricated construction. The Konsum were rented for a relatively small bright – the Building (left) took up centre position. | On the 50th birthday of KINGDOM monthly fee of 37.50 Reichsmark. As OF DESSAU- terraced housing © Bauhaus Dessau Foundation, Photos: Paul Klee a Junkers F 13 Y. Tenschert he five narrow brick for the terraced houses, there were flew over the Master’s WÖRLITZ – of the Dessau- buildings with a total functional model fittings for these House in Dessau and THE of 90 so-called “peo- flats that had been designed by the dropped a gift package Törten Housing in the garden. Students “JEWEL” OF ple’s apartments”, Bauhaus studios and were offered had chartered the plane Twhere workers and ordinary em- at a reasonable price. BAUHAUS Estate at the Junkers factory MASTERS ployees were to live, were part of nearby and Hugo Jun- Like many other cities a living space of 57 to 75 square the planned mixed development During renovation of the buildings kers had provided it to in Germany, Dessau metres. Gropius’ main concern was that the Swiss architect had envis- in 1998, a model apartment was them for free. The garden was a favourite destination also had a problem with a fast and economic build: prefab- aged for the extension of the Des- restored to its original condition, Klee had been drafted for the Bauhaus Mas- housing development ricated components, cost-effective sau-Törten housing estate, designed which can now be visited on a into the German Air ters. When the lilacs in the 1920s. Here, too, materials and dispensing with dec- by his predecessor Walter Gropius. guided tour of the Bauhaus Dessau Force in 1916 and later bloomed in May, the rapid industrial develop- oration made this possible. The low Foundation. The housing estate has came to terms with his time came for the Kan- ment had led to a pop- density of the development met the Like no other project, the construc- been a UNESCO World Heritage Site war experiences in his dinsky and Klee families pictures. Here, terror ulation boom, which in demand for more light, air and sun. tion exemplifies a core concept of since July 2017. to be chauffered in and fascination were a Landau carriage to turn led to an extreme All buildings also had kitchen gar- Bauhaus teachings – collaboration. very closely associated. Wörlitzer Park. They housing shortage. dens so that residents could grow Under the guidance of Meyer and www.bauhaus-dessau.de “To work my way out of “treasured it like a their own food and keep small an- ruins, I had to fly”, Klee jewel”, Wassily Kandin- imals. The interior of the buildings wrote. Junkers’ invita- sky’s wife, Nina, later was equipped with facilities from tion to join him on a recalled. flight over Dessau was quick solution was the Bauhaus studios and the Dessau the perfect opportuni- Oskar Schlemmer and needed: affordable Junkers factories provided thermal The Lauben- ty for Klee’s dream to Gunta Stölzl also loved housing that met the appliances for kitchens and heating. ganghäuser come true. the park. In a letter to requirement for more (Houses with his wife, Tut, Schlem- A replica of the Junkers Alight, air and sun. Lord Mayor of Shortly after completion, however, Balcony Access) mer wrote, “I set off for have been a F 13 can be admired Dessau, Fritz Hesse, was convinced construction and planning defects Wörlitz at six o’clock in UNESCO World at the “Hugo Junkers the morning with Gunta that Walter Gropius was the right became apparent and inhabitants Heritage Site Technical Museum” in for a good hour, it was man for the job, and commissioned soon made alterations. The bulding since 2017. | Dessau. very beautiful and en- him to build a housing estate in the at Mittelring 38 was the first to be © Bauhau www.technikmuseum- chanting there.” district of Törten. restored to its true, original state. It Dessau dessau.de www.gartenreich.com is now used by the Moses Mendels- Foundation, Photo: 314 private terraced houses were sohn Society and is open to visitors, Y. Tenschert built in just two years (between as is the building at Kleinring 5. 1926 and 1928), and, depending on the type of house, they featured www.mendelssohn-dessau.de 20 DESSAU-ROSSLAU / DESSAU – THE BAUHAUS CITY 21

“This is the way I am, Insider tips light-dark, Dessau warm-cold, up-down.” BAUHAUS DESIGN SHOP KARLA A trip to the Bauhaus Dessau should definitely include a visit to the design GROSCH shop, which not only offers literature on the Bauhaus and topics of exhibition but There are many photos also a wide selection of Bauhaus designs. of gymnastics teacher These include furniture, textiles, lamps, Karla Grosch, doing crockery, clocks and jewelery, as well as floor exercises on the exhibits and works by contemporary roof of the Dessau designers. | Bauhaus Building or www.bauhaus-dessau.de strength training on the terrace in front of VISITING THE BAUHAUS the canteen. Sport was BUILDINGS BY BIKE OR BUS an integral part of the Anyone interested in architecture can Bauhaus programme, visit all the Bauhaus buildings in Dessau and was indeed part of and simultaneously become acquainted the spirit of the 1920s. with the city in all its different aspects on The performances a 22-kilometre signposted bike tour. All of the Palucca stu- the buildings can also be reached by the dent on the Bauhaus Bauhaus bus (line 10), which runs daily stage were down- A “pleasant” café with between 10am and 5pm. | right legendary. As a www.visitdessau.com dancer, Karla Grosch a “unique view of the landscape www.dvg-dessau.de participated in stage surrounding the River Elbe” KURT WEILL CENTRE productions such as the “Metal Dance” The Kurt Weill Centre provides informa- For the Bauhaus residents, a visit to the “Kornhaus” tion about the life and work of the compo- by Oskar Schlemmer, th To this day, the The restaurant was opened on 6 ser. The centre is located in the Feininger which premiered in was something they did in their free time. “On Sunday Kornhaus is a very June 1930. Dessau Mayor Fritz Hesse Master’s House. | 1929 at the Berlin afternoons, we usually take a walk to the Kornhaus popular restaurant said in his speech that he was de- www.kurt-weill-zentrum.de Volksbühne theatre on the River Elbe – a very nice, modern coffee shop – for day tourists. | and attracted a great lighted that the construction pro- or somewhere else in the area, which is actually Architect Carl Fieger, DESSAU-WÖRLITZ deal of attention. ject had been carried out “in such nicer than I envisaged,” wrote a Bauhaus student in Photo: © T. Franzen GARDEN KINGDOM an ideal way”. It was also reported To assert herself as a 1931 in a letter to his mother: The Garden Kingdom, designed by Prince Smaller photo: woman at the Bau- in the “Anhaltische Rundschau” that Leopold III of Anhalt-Dessau in 1765, is a Historical photo- haus, a gutsy level of the extensive use of glass in the cultivated landscape garden consisting of graph of the terrace rebellion was required café allowed for a “unique view of several buildings and scenic parks based of the Dessau Korn- – and Karla Grosch on the English style. In 2000, UNESCO n 1929, the City of Dessau, the street and the river bank, the the landscape surrounding the river haus facing the certainly had plenty declared the Garden Kingdom a World together with a brewery, com- building is two-stories high from Elbe from all angles”. river Elbe (summer of that. In a letter to a Heritage Site as an “outstanding example missioned the construction the street side but only one-storey 1930) | Photo: friend with whom she of the application of philosophical princip- Helmut Erfurth had an ill-fated love of the “Kornhaus” restaurant high from the water side. The glass To this day, the “Kornhaus”, of which les of the Age of Enlightenment”. | from “Sammlung affair, she defiantly Iwhich was to be built on the bank of structure protruding above the the name is reminiscent of its pre- www.gartenreich.com wrote, “This is the way the River Elbe. The contract was tak- column makes it seem as though decessor, a granary, is a very popular Helmut Erfurth” I am, light-dark, warm- en on by architect Carl Fieger, who the circular building is floating, restaurant, especially among visi- cold, up-down.” worked in the studio of Walter Gro- conveying lightness and elegance tors to the area. It is a monumental pius as a designer, but also had his simultaneously. renovation with a spacious terrace own office. Fieger designed a flat in one of the most beautiful places roof construction with its long side The Bauhaus studios took on the in Dessau. along the River Elbe. To compensate interior design. The “Kornhaus” for the height difference between became a synthesis of the arts. www.kornhaus-dessau.de 22 MAGDEBURG / CITY OF NEW ARCHITECTURE 23

Magdeburg City Hall with Albinmüller Tower | MAGDEBURG © MVGM, Photo: A. Lander

CITY OF NEW ARCHITEC- TURE 22 MAGDEBURG / CITY OF NEW ARCHITECTURE 23

Magdeburg City Hall with Albinmüller Tower | © MVGM, Photo: A. Lander

Attractions at a glance

HERMANN BEIMS HOUSING ESTATE The housing estate, built between 1926 and 1929, is the most well-known example of social housing from the 1920s in Magdeburg. Today a landmark, the residential complex serves as an example of the urban planning and architecture of its time. | www.architekturtourismus.de

GARDEN CITY COLONY IN REFORM Construction began in 1911 and Bruno Taut took over the planning from 1913. The terraced houses were built in a cost-effective design and with ever-changing colour variants, each with its own garden – light, air and sun were the guiding factors in their design. | www.architekturtourismus.de

OTTO RICHTER STREET The cooperative housing estate was built between 1904 and 1916. In the early 1920s, under the instruction of Bruno Taut, parts of the façade were given bold colours and even “screamingly bright” coatings. Carl Krayl was entrusted with its realisation. Especially spectacular: the “lightening façade” of house no. 2. | www.architekturtourismus.de

MUNICIPAL HALL WITH ALBINMÜLLER TOWER AND PFERDETOR (HORSE GATE) The city hall was built in 1927 on the occasion of the German Theatre Exhibition according to the plans of the architects Johannes Göderitz and Wilhelm Deffke. At that time, it was the most advanced city hall in Germany. The building is complemented by the 60 metre-high Albinmüller tower and the Horse Gate (Pferdetor). | www.mvgm.de

ROTHENSEE BOAT LIFT The Rothensee boat lift is the second-oldest boat lift in Germany and one of only four which are still in operation. The outstanding engineering structure and important testimony to waterway construction was built in 1934–38 as the conclusion of the Mittelland canal stretching from Hanover. | www.visitmagdeburg.de

Other places of modernity: AOK Sachsen-Anhalt (health insurance agency) | Cracau housing estate | Hermann Gieseler hall | War monument of Ernst Barlach in the cathedral to Magdeburg | Second Memorial to freethinkers at Westfriedhof | OLi-Kino (cinema) | Technology Museum 24 MAGDEBURG / CITY OF NEW ARCHITECTURE 25

“You had to see the “You have to love it, the Magdeburg Munici- pal Hall on an evening, On the Rotehorn Island, directly on Magdeburg Municipal Hall” when a visitor can see the Elbe, in the middle of a large a full hall in a wonderful park and within sight of the ca- setting. Such an image thedral, a magnificent ensemble is unforgettable. You of stone, glass and iron was built have to love it, the within a very short time, clad on Magdeburg Municipal the outside with brown-violet iron Hall” enthused the Lord smelt bricks. The interior of the city “Its Mayor of Magdeburg hall, with its huge orchestra and construction Hermann Beims in a stage podium and the hall entirely was governed publication in 1928. lined with wood, was equally im- by the pressive. Accompanied by an obser- ambition to vation tower, the Albinmüller Tower, create the and the so-called Horse Gate, it was most rational the most advanced Municipal Hall building” ne year beforehand, in Germany at the time, with the the Municipal Hall was best acoustics and one of the most JOHANNES considered the centre- modern organs in Europe. GÖDERITZ piece of the German OTheatre Exhibition, which took The German Theatre Exhibition ulti- Johannes Göderitz place in the same year. The city of mately became a successful inter- decisively shaped the Magdeburg had commissioned the national cultural event. The London reputation of Magde- head of the municipal planning and Daily Telegraph said it was a “great burg as the “City of New Architecture”. In 1921, building control office and architect privilege to gain a complete over- the Magdeburg city Johannes Göderitz to build a “dig- view of the history of German thea- councillor Bruno Taut nified monumental building” for tres in the wonderful city of Magde- recruited him onto his this major event, and Göderitz, one burg”. Even after the end of the team and following the of the leading advocates of Magde- exhibition, the city hall remained departure of Taut from burg’s “New Architecture”, now had popular. Europe’s top orchestras per- Magdeburg in 1927, the architect took over as to reconcile this requirement with formed there, led by internationally his successor. his ideas of simplicity and function- well-reputed conductors. ality. He was assisted by the archi- This period marked an extremely intensive tect Albin Müller. During World War II, the city hall phase of structural was heavily damaged in an air raid development, which but it was later rebuilt and finally Göderitz encouraged in handed over to the public in 1966. many ways. His masterpiece is undoubtedly What began with the theatrical the city hall. He wrote about his building exhibition is today continued with program in one of his classical concerts, theatre shows, publications: “In these musicals, revues and ballet. The city buildings, it was a hall is also a recognised venue for matter of urgency that rock and pop concerts. the construction method became the most rational and that the The horse gate next to the city hall www.mvgm.de is an attraction in itself. | Magdeburg Municipal Hall | designs corresponded to the aesthetic views of Photo: Magdeburg Marketing Photo: M. Uhlmann, Saxony-Anhalt Chamber of Architects our age.” 26 MAGDEBURG / CITY OF NEW ARCHITECTURE 27

“The well-being of the tenants is paramount”

It is one of the largest architectural landmarks in Europe and one of housing estate, built between 1926 “I’m making the most important and 1929, set new standards with its something products of social hous- uniformity and unity, as well as its out of ing in Germany – the rich design and colours. Magdeburg” Herman-Beims housing estate in Magdeburg. The listed building, which is largely BRUNO renovated, is an urban and architec- TAUT tural example of its time of origin and is still regarded today as an Bruno Taut wanted to extremely high-quality example create “big architecture t owes its existence to the of society and architecture in the for little people” – but Social Democratic Mayor 1920s. The positive assessment of it had to be colourful. Magdeburg’s Lord Mayor of Magdeburg at the time, the Herman Beims housing estate Hermann Beims had Hermann Beims, who, to- by the current inhabitants is proof appointed the architect, Igether with his city councillors, the of this and of the sustainability of who was known as the visionary architects Bruno Taut and the project. advocate of the garden Johannes Göderitz, had devised a city movement, as a city councillor in 1921. In general housing plan for Magde- www.wobau-magdeburg.de Magdeburg, housing had burg. become scarce, and the garden city idea seemed The turbulence of economic devel- to be the perfect solu- opment in Magdeburg, as in other tion to the problem. major cities, also led to a veritable Taut’s colour scheme population explosion, which in turn was not just about aes- led to an extreme housing shortage. thetics, but also about The city magistrate, led by Beims, “bringing a modest bit energetically tackled these challeng- of zest for life to the inhabitants of the most es. “Amid all the urgent need for disastrous tenement cost-effectiveness, the well-being barracks, the humblest of the tenants is paramount. The backyards.” Early criti- new apartments must satisfy the cism was silenced when demands for health, wellbeing, sun- the title “Colourful City light, healthy air, good playgrounds of Magdeburg” became an advertising factor. and green spaces” said Beims. “I’m making something out of Magdeburg”, Taut Within a few years, Magdeburg had also said in a lecture in successfully made the step into the the townhall in 1922. modern era and made a name for itself as a “city of New Architecture”. After refurbishment, the Beims A housing estate was built which housing estate is once again is held in high regard for its scope Colourful in detail: radiant in its original colour. | View from the entrance area and variety to this day, along with Photos: N. Perner of the Beims housing estate | comparable estates in Berlin, Ham- Photo: N. Perner burg and Frankfurt/Main. The Beims 28 MAGDEBURG / CITY OF NEW ARCHITECTURE 29

A CALL The garden city colony in FOR Reform and the dream of living The colour scheme of the houses of the garden city colony in Reform COLOUR- was conceived by Bruno Taut. | Photos: © Sachsenweger-Design FUL BUIL- in harmony with nature DINGS! “Town and Country BRUNO must be married, TAUT and out of this joyous union will spring a new hope, a new life, “Recent decades, with in 1909. Construction began in 1911, their purely technical a new civilisation” and from 1913, the then well-known and scientific focus, was the demand of the have killed visual founder of the garden architect and later Magdeburg Town sensuality. Grey in grey city movement, the Planning Officer Bruno Taut took boxes took the place Englishman Ebenezer over the planning. of colourfully painted houses. The tradition of Howard, at the start th The apartments in the garden city colour, cultivated over of the 20 century. had a small, yet efficient, layout, centuries, was lost in the name of ‘elegance’. with a stable that also served as a We do not want to build small farm. The apartments were more colourless houses his idea was eagerly provided with kitchen gardens for and with this commit- taken up and implement- the self-sustenance of the workers. ment, we want to give ed in Germany. It was a The construction of some shops, the the builder, the settler, reaction to the increas- office of the estate company and a the impetus to embrace Ting housing shortage of the time, laundry for the estate, including a colours in the interior and on the exterior of particularly in the big cities, because bath, was important for life on the the house. Colour is not more and more people were forced estate. as expensive as deco- into cities due to rapidly increasing ration, but colour is the industrialisation. The coloured design of the façades, joy of life, and because designed by Bruno Taut, is particu- it can be provided at low cost, in today’s Magdeburg also had to manage larly impressive. He was assisted need, we need to bring the consequences of this devel- in this by the architect Carl Krayl. it into all buildings to be opment. Inspired by the ideas of The colour – often a warm yellow or constructed.” the garden city movement and ochre, red and blue – emphasises the Bruno Taut, the vision of making the dream of spatial staggering of the buildings, The Rainbow, Call for nature-friendly, healthy living into distinguishes the front and side Coloured Buildings! a reality, a small circle of workers of walls of the mostly two-floor hous- (abridged); in Bauwelt, the Krupp-Gruson factory founded es from each other and creates con- 1919 the “garden city colony in Reform” trasts between the opposite sides of the street. Due to the lack of building material, hardly any structural Colourful alterations were made to the houses building: 12 before 1990, meaning that the archi- Otto Richter tectural side of the historical hous- street | Photo: ing estate can still be experienced in Magdeburg Marketing its original form today.

www.gwg-reform.de 30 MAGDEBURG / CITY OF NEW ARCHITECTURE 31

The Rothensee boat lift – an Insider tips Magdeburg The “lightning engineering facade” of No. 2 Otto Richter street. | masterpiece HERMANN BEIMS HOUSING © KHM, Photo: ESTATE MODEL APARTMENT Ch. Christoph A canal connection between the Rhine, On the 90th anniversary of the construc- “Taut is really Weser and Elbe was under consideration as tion of the Hermann Beims housing estate, impressed by early as the 19th century; at the beginning the museum apartment at 5 Beimsplatz me, because of the 20th century, it became a reality. was completed. Interested visitors will I make the experience the rooms in bold colours, just as they were handed over to the first ten- most wonder- ants in 1926. | www.wobau-magdeburg.de ful coatings” he first section of the central, west-east water- “COLOURFUL MAGDEBURG” way, the Mittelland Canal, was created, and the CARL BIKE ARCHITEC-TOUR KRAYL Otto Richter street – other sections followed in subsequent years. Until The architectural history of Magdeburg a problem emerged north of Magdeburg. There, can be enjoyed in its full variety in the ca- the most colourful street Tthey had to overcome a gradient of up to 18 metres between thedral square. The tour through the ages It was a good recruit- the Elbe and the Mittelland Canal, but how? leads to the art museum and into the mod- ment decision that the in Germany ern age with the city hall at the MDR state architect and Magde- broadcasting building and the Hyparschale The Leipzig engineer, Rudolf Mussaeus, had the solution. Ac- burg City Councillor Here you can expe- Hall. The tour also passes the Rayonhäuser Bruno Taut made when rience Krayl’s blue cording to his plans, the Magdeburg company Krupp Gruson district houses, the university hospital in he hired Carl Krayl in wonder – in the most built a lift whose mobile, water-filled trough rests on two the garden city and Otto Richter street. | 1921 and entrusted him floats. With the help of the trough, boats could be moved www.visitmagdeburg.de/mamo with the implementa- literal sense of the in the 1920s. The plaster surfaces up and down; four spindles and eight synchronous motors tion of the concept of term. Both sides of were also partly included in the moved the load. The Rothensee boat lift was commissioned ARCHITECTURE WALK: the “Colourful City”, Otto Richter street in design. For example, a wavy pattern FROM THE MAGDEBURG PILO- in 1938. in the course of which Magdeburg are lined has been worked into the red-brown TENRAKETE (PILOT ROCKET) 80 house façades were with extremely colour- plaster of Number 40b, which gives VIA THE UNIVERSITY painted. Krayl submit- After a prolonged period when it wasn’t in use, the fully HOSPITAL TO THE GARDEN ful façades of houses, the house an almost oriental ap- ted just 35 drafts for all functional boat lift is now being used again for tourist pur- CITY COLONY IN REFORM paintings. Otto Richter including numerous pearance. Particularly spectacular: poses. It is an impressive monument of engineering excel- Modernism in Magdeburg of the 1920s street in Magdeburg blue ones. the expressionist “lightning façade” lence and is worth the trip. goes from the dress rehearsal for the very is an example of this of number 2. It was no coincidence first manned rocket flight to the dawn of extraordinary display that children who lived on the es- modernity as the “city of the New Archi- of colour. And Taut was www.visitmagdeburg.de/mamo tecture”. The unique walk provides an satisfied: in a letter to tate called number 2 the “lightning his is the work of the house”. architectural insight into the Museum of his wife in 1921, Krayl Technology as well as a view of the rocket. wrote “Taut is really Magdeburg Town Plan- Buildings 10 and 15 of the university hospi- impressed by me, be- ning Council and famous At the end of the last century, tal, built according to the plans of Göderitz, cause I make the most architect Bruno Taut and the redevelopment of the street are a highlight of the “Neues Bauen” move- wonderful coatings”. This congenial employee, the archi- restored the long-faded colour Historical ment. This also applied to housing estates Rothensee However, Krayl not such as the garten city colony in Reform.| tect Carl Krayl. Both had devoted scheme of the façades, which are boat lift | only made a name for www.visitmagdeburg.de/mamo themselves to the colour scheme now in their full colour again, per- Photo: himself with the colour which they wanted to use to make haps even more intensively than W. Klapper, scheme, but also with GREEN CITADEL Magdeburg his designs for build- the grey façades of the houses more was possible in the 1920s with the The “Green Citadel of Magdeburg” is Marketing ings such as the AOK vivid. Those of the cooperative hous- façade paints of the time. Germa- one of the last architectural projects by building or the Cracau ing estate on Otto Richter street, ny’s most colourful street conveys the eccentric and imaginative artist Frie estate. He played a sig- built between 1904 and 1916, were an impressive picture of what Bruno densreich Hundertwasser. The colourful nificant part in making also too grey for the two architects. Taut, Carl Krayl and the people sight is one of the highlights of the Elbe metropolis. You will find small shops, Magdeburg a city of the around them wanted: the transfor- modern age. cafés and restaurants in the courtyards. | Under the direction of Bruno Taut, mation of the city. www.gruene-zitadelle.de Carl Krayl focused on coating the facades in brightly coloured paints www.visitmagdeburg.de/mamo 32 HALLE (SAALE) / ART, ARCHITECTURE AND LIFESTYLE 33

Giebichenstein Bridge over HALLE (SAALE) the Saale | Photo: M. Bader

ART, ARCHI- TECTURE AND LIFE- STYLE 32 HALLE (SAALE) / ART, ARCHITECTURE AND LIFESTYLE 33 Attractions Giebichenstein Bridge over the Saale | Photo: M. Bader at a glance

GIEBICHENSTEIN CASTLE UNIVERSITY OF ART AND DESIGN, HALLE In 1915, the architect Paul Thiersch took over the former craftsmen’s school and reformed it according to the principles of the Deutscher Werkbund (German Association of Crafts- men). Under his leadership, the castle developed into the most important artistic training centre next to the Bauhaus. Today, the castle is host to a renowned university of art and design. | www.burg-halle.de

MORITZBURG ART MUSEUM IN HALLE (SAALE) The Moritzburg, whose foundation stone was laid as early as the end of the 15th century, is a museum with a structure which is more than 100 years old. The main emphasis of the collection is on 20th and 21st century art. The current permanent exhibition focuses on the classic modern age and other periods. | www.kunstmuseum-moritzburg.de

GIEBICHENSTEIN BRIDGE Giebichenstein Bridge is one of the most remarkable examples of historical bridge construction. The bridge, which stands out in terms of its constructive and artistic aspects, still has a central im portance in Halle’s road network. | www.halle-tourismus.de

GROSSGARAGE SÜD (SOUTH CAR PARK) In constructing the Großgarage Süd, the architect and builder Walter Tutenberg built a car park based on the American model; with 150 parking spaces, it made its mark on the metro- politan surroundings on the edge of the Lutheran settlement to the south of the city of Halle (Saale). The building, built in the style and function of the “Neues Bauen” movement, was leading the way in architecture at the time and is one of the oldest multi-storey car parks in Germany. | www.halle-tourismus.de

PFARRKIRCHE “ZUR HEILIGSTEN DREIEINIGKEIT” (HOLY TRINITY CATHOLIC PARISH CHURCH) Kirche “Zur Heiligsten Dreieinigkeit” (holy trinity catholic parish church), a Catholic church, is located in the south of Halle (Saale) near Lutherplatz. It caused a great sensation at the time of its construction in 1929/30 because the fl oor plan of the church, built by architect Wilhelm Ulrich, was hexagonal in shape. In combining expressionist and functional interior design, the architect succeeded in creating an architecturally unique, original, sacred building. | www.moderne-halle.de

Other places of modernity: Wasserturm Süd (water tower) | Ratshof (city council building) | Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse (AOK building / health insurance agency) | Transformatorenstation Universitätsring (substation) | Technical Hallors and Saline Museum | Francke Foundations of Halle 34 HALLE (SAALE) / ART, ARCHITECTURE AND LIFESTYLE 35

Giebichenstein Bridge Giebichenstein Bridge – is one of the most popular photo opportu- a unique ensemble and nities in Halle, with its the countryside, the horse the city. well-formed arcs, with The two figures represent the con- beloved photo subject which it bridges the nection between the former rural banks of the Saale, its Kröllwitz and the urban Giebichen- monumental “cow and stein district and, at the same time, horse” animal sculp- serve as an ice-breaker for the pro- “I almost want tures, and the romantic tection of the main arc section. The to say that Giebichenstein Castle sculptures represented something my 7 years in the background. completely new in European sculp- in Halle were ture, both in terms of their subject the best years and bridge architecture as a whole. of my life” Considering this, and their size, they ased on a design by are still unique today. Shortly after GERHARD the then municipal civil their construction, however, the ma- MARCKS engineering office, the terial of the figures proved suscep- He was one of the unique ensemble is the tible to damage. Such damage was pioneers of Bauhaus. Bproduct of the artistic inspiration of eliminated by protective measures When he was appointed two architects: Paul Thiersch, who and the repair of the sculptures was Master of Form of the took over the former Halle Hand completed in 2013. Ceramic Workshop in werkerschule (School of Crafts- Weimar in 1919, Gerhard manship) of Giebichenstein Castle The “cow and horse” animal sculp- Marcks had developed his own pottery work- and turned it into one of the most tures are one of the largest and shop in Dornburg an der important arts and crafts schools most important works of Gerhard Saale. However, Gerhard in Germany, and Gerhard Marcks, Marcks. However, the city of Halle Marcks was so dissatis- director of the sculpture class at offers yet another attraction for fied with the Bauhaus Giebichenstein Castle and one-time Marcks lovers; in the “Lion Building” directive to turn away Master of Form. of the Martin Luther University of from craftsmanship and turn to technology, Halle-Wittenberg, there is another which was initiated The concrete bridge, which replaced twin sculpture – the busts of Martin by Walter Gropius in a steel construction and was com- Luther and Philipp Melanchthon. 1923, that he used the pleted in 1928, connects the country- Bauhaus relocation side and the city: the cow symbolises www.moderne-halle.de to Dessau in 1925 to move to Halle, where he assumed the direc- torship of the Bauhaus sculpture class of the Giebichenstein Castle University of Art and Design in Halle. He was made director in 1928, before the National Socialists dismissed him from higher education as a “degenerate” artist. Marcks left Halle but re- The horse as a symbol for the city | mained close to the city. Photo: J. Laurig “I almost want to say that my 7 years in Halle were the best years of my life”, he later wrote A romantic view – Giebichenstein Bridge with the castle in a letter to his friend in the background. | Photo: © IMG/M. Bader Felix Weise. 36 HALLE (SAALE) / ART, ARCHITECTURE AND LIFESTYLE 37

The Großgarage Süd (multi- A church storey car park) – a “caravansary” with six with all-round service corners – the modern age A “modern, large-city caravansary” – this is and reform how the Hallescher of liturgy Nachrichten (Halle News) newspaper completed the all-round service. A “Halle is the described the Groß glass facade and roof enabled day- most delight- garage Süd, a garage Franciscan Holy Trinity Church (Kirche “Zur Heiligsten Were it not for light to shine through. ful town” in the Pfännerhöhe Dreieinigkeit”) | Stadtmarketing Halle (Saale) GmbH, Photo: J. Laurig the cross at the top district which opened of the building, you LYONEL in February 1929. The Großgarage Süd is one of the would hardly suspect first car parks that was built in Ger- it was a church. FEININ- many. Today, the restored car park here is no nave or church tower here. GER ar traffic in Halle had is accessed via a spiral driveway and At the heart of the towerless, hexag- increased and the ques- accommodates 85 vehicles. It is a onal floor plan of the Franciscan Holy In a letter to his wife, tion arose as to where landmark of motoring history which Trinity church (“Die Kirche Zur Heilig- Julia, Lyonel Feininger the rising number of ve- is still fascinating today. Tsten Dreieinigkeit”) are six reinforced concrete Jost and supported by the Franciscan Father Eras- wrote “Halle is the Chicles should be accommodated. In pillars which bear the mighty dome-like, central mus Baumeister. He wanted the parish to be more most delightful town”. a car park, as in the USA and France? www.moderne-halle.de structure, parts of the ceiling construction and involved in the liturgy, and Ulrich’s design seemed In 1928, the Bauhaus The Halle civil engineer Walter Tu- the belfry. Each reinforced concrete column bears to suit his needs well, as it made the altar stand out master was invited by tenberg took up this idea and built a load of 90 tons – which, with a thickness of only more prominently as the centre of the church space. the city of Halle to paint a cityscape. a large car park in the middle of a 38 centimetres, was some achievement at the end residential area in Halle South. of the 1920s. From the main entrance, attention is drawn to One picture, however, the opposite sanctuary, to which the main lines developed into a whole series, the “Halle Cycle”. In the exterior design of the car It was the architect Wilhelm Ulrich who accom- of the interior run. The sanctuary of the church Feininger had been park, the car park pioneer followed plished this achievement in the years 1929/1930. resembles a spatial honeycomb and is elevated inspired by the medieval the “Neues Bauen” style and he The original plan was to construct a church in the by six slender columns. The impressive colour city, whose panorama designed the interior according neo-Baroque style, but in Halle, Modernism was scheme, reconstructed in 2010, plays its part. The he enjoyed from his to American models: the vehicles gaining more and more influence – promoted by Holy Trinity church (“Kirche Zur Heiligsten Dreie- studio in the tower of reached the three upper levels with the modern-thinking, urban architect Wilhelm inigkeit”) is one of the first churches in central the Moritzburg Muse- um. “Everything here the 150 parking boxes via a lift and Germany that was not built according to classical is colourful, animated, transfer platform. The large garage church construction styles. inspiring,” he wrote to also included lounges and bedrooms Insider tips his wife. as well as bathrooms for chauffeurs, www.moderne-halle.de Feininger submitted a car repair shop, a car wash, shops Halle (Saale) the works in 1931, which selling car accessories, and a petrol were denounced as station. An American hairdresser’s “entartete Kunst” LYONEL FEININGER’S drawings and photographs in the Castle and the University of Art and (degenerate art) in 1933 WINDOW TO THE CITY Moritzburg Art Museum. | Design in addition to the Giebichen- and were lost to the OF HALLE (SAALE) www.halle-tourismus.de stein Bridge and the Gesundbrunnen museum; it was only A two-hour tour takes you to the district, up to the modernist settle- able to reacquire three domain of the famous painter in Halle BICYCLE ARCHITEC- ments in Johannesplatz and Luther- of them. The paintings (Saale). During his stay between 1929 TOUR – THE MODERN platz. The holy trinity church (Pfarr- are presented in the and 1931, he completed eleven paint- AGE IN HALLE kiche zur “Heiligsten Dreieinigkeit”) permanent exhibition The Großgarage Süd is a landmark ings depicting the city of Halle as well The places of modern architecture and the visionary Großgarage Süd are of the Moritzburg Art of motoring history. | State Office as numerous drawings. The visual axes in Halle (Saale) which are visited on just as breathtaking. There is so much Museum. for the Preservation of Monuments can be retraced as Feininger once saw the “architec-tour” through the city modernity to experience in Halle! | and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt, them. Today, three of his paintings can on the Saale are diverse and unusual. www.halle-tourismus.de Photo: A. Hörentrup once again be seen alongside studies, The tours pass through Giebichenstein 38 LUTHERSTADT WITTENBERG / LIVING IN GREEN SPACES 39

The former town hall of the Piesteritz LUTHERSTADT factory settlement with adjoining buildings. | Photo: S. Spitzner WITTENBERG

LIVING IN GREEN SPACES 38 LUTHERSTADT WITTENBERG / LIVING IN GREEN SPACES 39

The former town hall of the Piesteritz factory settlement with adjoining buildings. | Photo: S. Spitzner

Attractions at a glance

PIESTERITZ FACTORY SETTLEMENT The Piesteritz factory settlement once served as a home for more than a thousand employees of the former Reichsstickstoffwerke (Imperial Nitrogen Plant). It was built by the urban planner Georg Haberland and the architect Otto Rudolf Salvisberg in 1916. The architects planned this settlement as a garden city. Each apartment had its own garden. The workers lived in small terraced houses built around the town hall in the shape of a horseshoe. In the year of the Expo 2000 (a “World’s Fair”), the factory settlement in Lutherstadt Wittenberg was faithfully restored to become the fi rst car-free housing estate in Germany.| www.lutherstadt-wittenberg.de 40 LUTHERSTADT WITTENBERG / LIVING IN GREEN SPACES 41

He had even thought of the unmarried secre- “Architecture The Piesteritz factory taries. The Swiss architect Otto Rudolf Salvis- means berg planned a separate house for them when combining settlement – an ideal town and he designed the Piesteritz factory settlement. individual The construction of a vital nitrogen production elements into a symbol of modernity facility in Piesteritz, today a district of Luther- a harmonious stadt Wittenberg, began in 1915, and housing whole” also had to be built for the employees. OTTO RUDOLF SALVIS- he task was given to Every house had a small garden in BERG Salvisberg, a familiar fig- which the resident could grow fruit ure at the time because and vegetables, as well as toilets As a disciple of the he had already worked and built-in bath tubs – quite spec- “Neues Bauen” move- Ton the designs of several buildings tacular for the time. Just like a small ment, the Swiss archi- in Berlin. town, the settlement was complet- tect Otto Rudolf Salvis- ed with a church, a town hall, the berg, who was born in 1882, focused on the Between 1916 and 1919, a residen- “after hours” shop and clubhouse, functionality of build- tial complex was created for about and a school. ings, but he also worked 2,000 employees. When putting on bringing the building together the development plan, Since the refurbishment in 2000, elements into a harmo- Salvisberg took his inspiration from the symbol of modernity shines in nious whole. Building the state-of-the-art settlement its former glory. Today, the hotel this type of settlement, of which the factory form at that time, the garden city, “Piesteritzer Hof” is housed in the settlement in Witten- and observed all the contemporary former shop and clubhouse, where berg-Piesteritz is a good principles of modern urban plan- you can refuel in the restaurant example, meant that he ning in its design. A self-contained, after a tour of the settlement. was entrusted with the ideal town of 363 terraced houses building of numerous and a few larger detached houses www.lutherstadt-wittenberg.de settlements and garden cities. This also includes were built, in which the workers and housing estates in Ber- managers lived amongst each other. lin, such as the “White City”, which today is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Salvisberg suffered a heart attack on a ski Insider tips run in 1940. Wittenberg

FUTUREA HUNDERTWASSER- “LUTHER 1517” – SCIENCE CENTRE SCHULE (HUNDERT- PANORAMA BY The Futurea Science Centre provides WASSER SCHOOL) YADEGAR ASISI vivid and playful chemical knowledge The Luther-Melanchthon-Gymnasium In the 360° panorama LUTHER 1517 by and invites both young and old on a of Lutherstadt Wittenberg was rebuilt the artist Yadegar Asisi, which meas- journey of scientific discovery. The Sci- according to the plans of the famous ures 15 x 17 metres, the old Wittenberg The quality of life was good in the ence Centre is living proof that Witten- architect Friedensreich Hundertwasser is brought to life again, making history terraced houses of the factory settle - berg is an industrial, cultural town. | and stands out today with its many tangible. In the rotunda, you can see www.futurea.de bright colours and a green roof. | pictures, impressions and companions ment. | Photo: S. Spitzner www.lutherstadt-wittenberg.de of Martin Luther in the environment and the time of his theses. | www.wittenberg360.de 42 ELBINGERODE / MODERN BUILDING 43

ELBINGERODE

Historical photograph of the exterior of the motherhouse | Photo: Archive of the Deaconnesses’ Motherhouse MODERN BUILDING 42 ELBINGERODE / MODERN BUILDING 43

Historical photograph of the exterior of the motherhouse | Photo: Archive of the Deaconnesses’ Motherhouse

Attractions at a glance

THE DEACONESSES’ MOTHERHOUSE NEUVANDSBURG After their home had become too small due to the rapid growth of the sisterhood, the deaconesses engaged the architect Gode hard Schwethelm for the construction of a new, larger mother house in 1932. More than 4,000 guests attended its festive inauguration in Elbingerode in 1934, and today the building reveals the simplicity and functionality of the construction of the time through many details. | www.mutterhaus-elbingerode.de 44 ELBINGERODE / MODERN BUILDING 45

Dark fir trees, The Deaconesses’ rugged cliffs, rush- ing streams, roman- Motherhouse – a masterpiece of tic half-timbered expertise to turn it into a reality”, houses and plump the sisters noted in their report. the “Neues Bauen” movement witches – these are the images that Two years later, the new mother- most people asso- house was officially inaugurated. Schwethelm handed the key to the ciate with the Harz. “A superior director, who thanked the architect But what about the builder is at for his great expertise and commit- modern age? work here” ment and unlocked the door. The deaconesses were able to move in. GODEHARD The house, a highly modern, steel he modern age can also skeleton construction, with its SCHWET- be found in the Harz, in curves and beautiful glass windows, HELM the small town of Elbin- is today regarded as a masterpiece gerode, on the crossover of the “Neues Bauen” movement. It The Thuringian architect Tof the high plateau of the Lower is ingenious and carefully designed Godehard Schweth- Harz to the mountainous Upper in great detail, equipped with the elm had gained a rep- Harz: the main building of the Dea- latest state-of-the-art building tech- utation for his clear conesses’ Motherhouse. nology, its own laundry, bakery and design language and a modern swimming pool. meticulously detailed planning, even before Mother Superior Sister Klara Sagert he assumed responsibil- gave the impetus for its construc- To this day, the house in Elbingerode ity for the construction tion. At the beginning of the 1930s, serves as one of six deaconess’ of the Motherhouse in the deaconess asked the architect motherhouses for residential and Elbingerode. However, Godehard Schwethelm if he could nursing purposes of the German when construction work design a new motherhouse for the Community Diaconia Association started, Schwethelm was surprised by the difficult deaconesses in Elbingerode. The of the Deaconess Sisterhood. ground, so he felt relieved plans which the architect presented Visits by prior arrangement only by the time it came to the in early 1932 were impressive and (Telephone 039454 80 or email info@ topping out ceremony. he got the job. “The new architect neuvandsburg.de). “A superior builder is at grasped the described task with a work here”, he said in his good understanding and used all his www.neuvandsburg.de speech. The motherhouse, “his dearest child”, was a highlight of his work. Insider tips Elbingerode

HARZDRENALIN SCHIERKER BÜCHENBERG SHOW MINE If you want to get to know the Harz FEUERSTEIN ARENA The exciting underground sightsee- but don’t feel like going for a leisure- The multi-functional, heritage- ing tour takes you back to the time ly hike, then Harzdrenalin is just the protected event arena was reo- before 1970, when precious iron ores thing for you. Exciting activities are pened in December 2017 and offers were laboriously mined from the tun- on offer, from the “Megazipline” and all-weather leisure activities for young nels. The mining history of the Harz The entrance to the church hall with the “Wallrunning” to the “Gigaswing”. and old – from ice hockey, ice skating town, which is approximately one Motherhouse in the background. | Photo: Also, fantastic panoramas of the won- and curling in the winter to theatre, thousand years old, is told in graphic derful Harz landscape are on offer at family events and music events in detail. | www.besucherbergwerke- Archive of the Deaconnesses’ Motherhouse dizzying heights. | the summer. | elbingerode.de www.harzdrenalin.de www.schierker-feuerstein-arena.de 46 ZICKZACKHAUSEN & MORE / MORE PLACES OF MODERNITY 47

ExcitingZICKZACKHAUSEN evidence of modernity can be discovered in all of& Saxony-Anhalt MORE – even in places we might not expect.

Buildings in the immediate vicinity of the a very special project – the (1919–1933) town centre. It was designed garden city of Bad Dürrenberg. MOREby the architect Fritz Höger, a Some of the best architects and leading representative of north planners of the twenties were PLACESHANSESTADT STENDAL OFGerman brick expressionism, in involved in its construction. SECONDARY SCHOOL the “Heimatstil” style (“native Among others from the Bau- In 1927, the design of Magde- style”). It was built in 1936. haus movement, the Bauhaus MODERNITYburg architect Paul Schaeffer- The building is now used by Director Walter Gropius and Heyrothsberge won the archi- HSB as a sales outlet and for Alexander Klein. One of the tectural competition for the administrative purposes. most important settlements of construction of the new State www.hsb-wr.de this period was created – on the Upper Lyceum in Stendal. From threshold between tradition 1929 to 1931, the L-shaped, cubic BITTERFELD-WOLFEN and modernity. The Lauben- system was built according to TOWN HALL, FORMER ganghäuser (Houses with Bal- his design. In the no-frills, new BUILDING 041 (MAIN cony Access), a typical building school building in the style of BUILDING OF THE type of the 1920s, are worth New Objectivity, progressive ORWO FILM FACTORY a visit. On the ground floor of educational ideas were imple- IN WOLFEN) Thomas-Müntzer-Straße 6 h, a mented in exemplary architec- In 1909, Agfa AG founded the museum apartment is open to tural detail. The brick cladding Wolfen film factory, which visitors today. builds on existing construction later had the monopoly on film www.badduerrenberg.eu traditions. production in the GDR with the www.stendal.de ORWO brand (abbreviation for HALDENSLEBEN Original Wolfen). The building AMEOS KLINIKUM with the factory number 041 (DISTRICT HOSPITAL / was built between 1936–1939 FORMER STATE as the “Central Scientific Labo- SANATORIUM WITH ratory” of the photographic de- HOUSING ESTATE) partment of Agfa. The architect The state sanatorium in was the government builder Haldensleben accommodated Adolf Herberger. Along with almost 2,000 people in the the laboratory, it also housed early 1930s. The goal was to the office staff. A semi-circular create a self-sufficient com- Photo: G. Draschowski building with a central tower munity for physicians, nursing (with clock and Agfa sign) and staff, craftsmen and relatives two corner towers was erected together with patients. During for the office staff. the Second World War, large www.bitterfeld-wolfen.de parts served as a military hos- WERNIGERODE pital. In GDR times, the facility RAILWAY STATION BAD DÜRRENBERG was the District Hospital for AND WESTERNTOR LAUBENGANGHÄUSER Neurology and Psychiatry. VEHICLE WORKSHOP (HOUSES WITH www.ameos.eu An exciting dialogue between a historic The reception building of the BALCONY ACCESS) castle and modern architecture – the Moritz- Wernigerode Westerntor railway AND MARKETPLACE burg in Halle (Saale) | Photo: M. Bader station of Harzer Schmalspur- The expansion of the Leuna bahnen GmbH (HSB) is located plant in the 1920s involved 46 ZICKZACKHAUSEN & MORE / MORE PLACES OF MODERNITY 47

Exciting evidence of modernity can be discovered in all of Saxony-Anhalt – even in places we might not expect.

Buildings in the immediate vicinity of the a very special project – the (1919–1933) town centre. It was designed garden city of Bad Dürrenberg. by the architect Fritz Höger, a Some of the best architects and leading representative of north planners of the twenties were Tour tip HANSESTADT STENDAL German brick expressionism, in involved in its construction. SECONDARY SCHOOL the “Heimatstil” style (“native Among others from the Bau- Bauhaus Dessau and In 1927, the design of Magde- style”). It was built in 1936. haus movement, the Bauhaus Modern Masterpieces burg architect Paul Schaeffer- The building is now used by Director Walter Gropius and Heyrothsberge won the archi- HSB as a sales outlet and for Alexander Klein. One of the in Saxony-Anhalt – tectural competition for the administrative purposes. most important settlements of 4 days on tour in the construction of the new State www.hsb-wr.de this period was created – on the Upper Lyceum in Stendal. From threshold between tradition land of modernity 1929 to 1931, the L-shaped, cubic BITTERFELD-WOLFEN and modernity. The Lauben- system was built according to TOWN HALL, FORMER ganghäuser (Houses with Bal- his design. In the no-frills, new BUILDING 041 (MAIN cony Access), a typical building DAY 1: DESSAU school building in the style of BUILDING OF THE type of the 1920s, are worth The journey begins with a guided tour of the Bauhaus New Objectivity, progressive ORWO FILM FACTORY a visit. On the ground floor of Building of Walter Gropius. After a lunchtime snack in the educational ideas were imple- IN WOLFEN) Thomas-Müntzer-Straße 6 h, a refectory or in the café-bistro, you will continue to the mented in exemplary architec- In 1909, Agfa AG founded the museum apartment is open to ensemble of the Masters’ Houses where, among others, tural detail. The brick cladding Wolfen film factory, which visitors today. the Bauhaus masters Paul Klee and Oskar Schlemmer lived. builds on existing construction later had the monopoly on film www.badduerrenberg.eu Afterwards, you will visit the settlement of Törten, which is traditions. production in the GDR with the considered a prime example of social housing. Alternatively, www.stendal.de ORWO brand (abbreviation for HALDENSLEBEN you can visit the newly opened Bauhaus Museum (from Original Wolfen). The building AMEOS KLINIKUM 08.09.2019). In the evening, enjoy the Bauhaus ambience in with the factory number 041 (DISTRICT HOSPITAL / the Kornhaus on the river Elbe. was built between 1936–1939 FORMER STATE DAY 2: LUTHERSTADT WITTENBERG as the “Central Scientific Labo- SANATORIUM WITH You will discover the sights of Lutherstadt Wittenberg on a ratory” of the photographic de- HOUSING ESTATE) leisurely town walk. Then you will visit the Piesteritz factory partment of Agfa. The architect The state sanatorium in settlement of Georg Haberland and Otto Rudolf Salvisberg – was the government builder Haldensleben accommodated one of the fi rst car-free settlements in Germany. Adolf Herberger. Along with almost 2,000 people in the the laboratory, it also housed early 1930s. The goal was to DAY 3: HALLE (SAALE) AND MAGDEBURG the office staff. A semi-circular create a self-sufficient com- The morning starts with a city tour of Halle. After exploring Photo: G. Draschowski building with a central tower munity for physicians, nursing the city, you will continue to the Kunstmuseum Moritzburg. (with clock and Agfa sign) and staff, craftsmen and relatives Various works by famous Bauhaus artists, including Lyonel two corner towers was erected together with patients. During Feininger and Paul Klee, are on display here. In the after- for the office staff. the Second World War, large noon, you will go on to Magdeburg. A guided city tour to the www.bitterfeld-wolfen.de parts served as a military hos- buildings of modern times, such as the colourful Otto Richter WERNIGERODE pital. In GDR times, the facility street, the settlement Cracau and the garden city colony of RAILWAY STATION BAD DÜRRENBERG was the District Hospital for Reform show the city in a whole new face. AND WESTERNTOR LAUBENGANGHÄUSER Neurology and Psychiatry. DAY 4: QUEDLINBURG AND ELBINGERODE VEHICLE WORKSHOP (HOUSES WITH www.ameos.eu An exciting dialogue between a historic The day starts with a tour through the beautiful UNESCO The reception building of the BALCONY ACCESS) castle and modern architecture – the Moritz- World Heritage town of Quedlinburg. In the afternoon, we Wernigerode Westerntor railway AND MARKETPLACE burg in Halle (Saale) | Photo: M. Bader continue to Elbingerode, where you can visit the Deacon- station of Harzer Schmalspur- The expansion of the Leuna nesses’ Motherhouse designed by Godehard Schwethelm. bahnen GmbH (HSB) is located plant in the 1920s involved 48 ZICKZACKHAUSEN & MORE / MORE PLACES OF MODERNITY 3

Woman in Club Chair B3 by Marcel Breuer, BERNBURG concrete method of the same mask by Oskar Schlemmer, dress by Lis Beyer. | ZICKZACKHAUSEN name. The peculiarity of the Photo: Erich Consemüller, around 1927. (ZIGZAG HOUSES) – three-storey building lies in the Klassik Stiftung Weimar (Classic Foundation Weimar) / ANTON-SAEFKOW- plank truss roof, which is unu- © Dr. Stephan Consemüller. SETTLEMENT sual for a building of this size. The “Zickzackhausen” settle- www.merseburg.de ment was built on the northern outskirts of Bernburg in 1928–29 SANGERHAUSEN and designed by the architects SANGERHAUSEN Fischer and Migge in the tradi- VOLKSBANK tion of the garden city. It owes (formerly Stadtsparkasse) Photo: Aschersleben Cultural Institute its nickname to its structures, The building was planned on which are turned 90 degrees behalf of the management of and set in a staggered arrange- the former Stadtsparkasse (sav- ment. Here, a concerted at- ings bank) in 1930 and built in tempt was made to implement 1931 as the Stadtsparkasse. It is visionary ideas of self-sufficien- an excellent example of the age Museums cy and waste prevention. of the “Neues Bauen” move- and galleries www.bernburger-freizeit.de ment. The building, today used by Volksbank, contrasts sharp- ly with the historicism of the QUEDLINBURG neighbouring “Ochsenpalast” LYONEL FEININGER thanks to its well-structured GALLERY cube-based architecture. Many The Lyonel Feininger Gallery is a original fittings and furnishings museum and exhibition house from the construction peri- for art of the 20 th century and od are still present inside the the present. It is dedicated to building. the work of Lyonel Feininger www.geschichtsverein- and hosts the collection of the sangerhausen.de Bauhaus and Quedlinburg residential Dr. Hermann Klumpp – ASCHERSLEBEN one of the world’s most im- Photo: Bernburger Freizeit GmbH FILMPALAST portant collections of fine art (CINEMA COMPLEX) prints, which has been granted The Filmpalast was built in on permanent loan to the Ly- 1929/30 by the architect Carl onel Feininger Gallery. Many of Fugmann of Erfurt and opened Feininger’s watercolours, draw- MERSEBURG in 1930 as the cinema “A.M. ings, photographs and objects BY ROAD, CAR, BUS, MOBILE IN SAXONY-ANHALT. TRAIN OR PLANE FORMER Palast” after the initials of its enrich the collection. On the move at reasonable prices with Saxony-Anhalt is located in the heart of Germany the attractive fares offered by DB Regio RESIDENTIAL operator Artur Mest, screening www.feininger-galerie.de and borders Lower Saxony, Thuringia, Saxony and AG – convenient and congestion-free: Brandenburg. The state capital Magdeburg is 150 km Saxony-Anhalt Hopper Ticket, Saxony- BUILDING AND the UFA film “The Three from from Berlin, 280 km from Hamburg, 420 km from Anhalt Ticket, Saxony-Anhalt Ticket Single HEALTH OFFICE the Filling Station”. The façade Frankfurt/Main and 225 km from Frankfurt/Oder. +49 (0) 800 150 70 90 (timetable informati- Halle (Saale) and Leipzig, less than 40 km away, on only), free of charge; benefi t from Leipzig/Halle Airport. Five motorways, The former Merseburg welfare was designed with reminiscenc- +49 (0) 1805 99 66 33 Service No. of train: the A2, the A9, the A14, the new A36 and the A38, booking, service, information (14ct/min. and labour office is a building es of the Bauhaus style. The well-developed federal roads, one of the densest from German landlines, calls from railway networks in Europe as well as a high- constructed between 1926– interior foyer and staircase are mobiles may cost considerably more); performance public transport system provide short 1927 according to the design in Art Deco style and have been and easy access to all attractions in Saxony-Anhalt. [email protected], +49 (0) 1805 06 60 11 (14 ct/min. from INSA – the information point for bus and rail: of the head of the Merseburg preserved to this day thanks to German landlines, calls from mobiles may Telephone +49 (0) 1801 331010*; cost considerably more); municipal planning and build- a restoration. Landline +49 (0) 391 5363180; www.insa.de, www.bahn.de/sachsen-anhalt Fahrplan online: Timetable online: ing control office, Friedrich www.aschersleben-tourismus.de Motorway * 3,9 ct/min. from German landlines, Information online at: www.bahn.de > Motorway maximum 42 ct/min. from mobile Enter station Zollinger. Zollinger developed in planning or under Your mobility partner development the Zollinger roof, which was Federal road Photo: A. Seidel (A-Road) named after him, and the cast Long- distance rail Cycles can be taken on board free of charge on all

Airport RE, RB and S-Bahn trains in Saxony-Anhalt. 5 All of Germany wll celebrate n 209 ↘ bauhaus00 de/en

IMPRINT Publisher: Investitions- und Marketinggesellschaft Sachsen-Anhalt mbH, Am Alten Theater 6, 39104 Magdeburg, Tel. +49 (0) 391 56899 - 0, Fax +49 (0)391 56899 - 50, www.sachsen-anhalt-tourismus.de, [email protected], www.investieren-in-sachsen-anhalt.de, [email protected] Concept: Investitions- und Marketinggesellschaft Sachsen-Anhalt mbH, Beate Hagen, genese Werbeagentur GmbH Texts and Editing: Beate Hagen Design: genese Werbeagentur GmbH, Magdeburg Further photo credits: A. Lander (p. 2, 3) , Stiftung Bauhaus Dessau / F. Sinn (p. 3), VG Bild-Kunst Printing and processing: Stoba-Druck GmbH, Lampertswalde Editorial deadline: January 2019. Changes reserved! 2nd edition

For 00 years of bauhaus the three Bauhaus nsttutons that mantan collectons – the Bauhaus-Archv / Museum fr Gestaltung n Berln The use of publications for the purpose of commercial sale, in particular the sale of the Bauhaus Dessau Foundaton and the Klassk Stftung Wemar – have oned wth the German Federal Government represented by the addresses, to third parties or reprinting – even in extracts – is not permitted. Federal Government Commssoner for Culture and the Meda and the Federal Cultural Foundaton and eleven federal states to form a strong communty – the Bauhaus Assocaton 209 4 All of Germany wll celebrate n 209 ↘ bauhaus00 de/en

For 00 years of bauhaus the three Bauhaus nsttutons that mantan collectons – the Bauhaus-Archv / Museum fr Gestaltung n Berln the Bauhaus Dessau Foundaton and the Klassk Stftung Wemar – have oned wth the German Federal Government represented by the Federal Government Commssoner for Culture and the Meda and the Federal Cultural Foundaton and eleven federal states to form a strong communty – the Bauhaus Assocaton 209