Zootaxa 3686 (2): 165–182 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3686.2.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3166E584-2758-491D-BB60-A3921271E08C Redescriptions of poorly known species of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) from South Africa and Namibia

GALINA N. AZARKINA1 & STEFAN H. FOORD2 1The Laboratory for Invertebrate Systematics, The Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze Street 11, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Zoology and Centre for Invasion Biology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, 0950, Republic of South Africa. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

The following seven species of southern African Salticidae, known only from type specimens or one sex, and last de- scribed in the early 20th century, are redescribed: Baryphas ahenus Simon, 1902, Brancus muticus Simon, 1902, Euophrys quadrispinosa Lawrence, 1927, Evarcha natalica Simon, 1902, Mogrus macrocephalus Lawrence, 1927, Thyene dama- rensis Lawrence, 1927 and Thyene bilineata Lawrence, 1927. Two new synonyms are proposed, Thyene damarensis Law- rence, 1927 syn. n. with Hyllus dotatus (Peckham et Peckham, 1903) and Thyene bilineata striatipes Lawrence, 1927 syn. n. with T. bilineata Lawrence, 1927. One new combination is proposed, Thyenula natalica comb. n. (ex Evarcha). Lec- totypes for Baryphas ahenus Simon, 1902 and Thyene bilineata Lawrence, 1927 are designated. The female of Brancus muticus Simon, 1902 is described for the first time.

Key words: new synonymy, new combination, Salticidae, jumping spiders

Introduction

The family Salticidae is the largest family in the order Araneae with 5570 known species in 591 genera (Platnick 2013). The family has a worldwide distribution and its diversity peaks in the tropical regions of the world. Currently, 980 species and 144 genera are known from the Afrotropical Region. A third of this, 344 species in 74 genera, are found in southern Africa (sensu Dippenaar-Schoeman & Jocqué 1997). Some of these southern African species are only known from original, often poor, descriptions and/or were described on the basis of a single or a few specimens that only include one sex. It is likely that some of these species could fall into synonymy and the redescription of type specimens is therefore an important step in determining the taxonomic status of these taxa. In this paper we redescribe seven southern African jumping spider species, first described in the early twentieth century and not included in any subsequent revisions. All seven species are illustrated and their distributions mapped.

Material and methods

This paper is based on the type material deposited in museums of Republic of South Africa (Iziko and Natal Museums, RSA) and the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris, France). Non-type material used in comparisons is deposited in the National Collection of Arachnida (Pretoria, RSA) and in the Royal Museum for Central Africa (Tervuren, Belgium). Specimens for this study were borrowed from the following museums: SAM = Iziko Museum, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa (D. Larsen); NMSA = Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg, Republic of South Africa (A. Ndaba); MRAC = Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium (R. Jocqué); MNHN = Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France (E.-A. Leguin), NCA = National Collection of Arachnida, Plant Protection Research Institute, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa (P. Marais).

Accepted by T. Szuts: 28 May 2013; published: 11 Jul. 2013 165 A total of 48 specimens in seven species were examined. Specimens were studied in ethanol and colors refer to that of preserved specimens. All drawings were made with the aid of a reticular eyepiece attached to an MBS-10 stereomicroscope and with the drawings apparatus attached to a Zeiss Discovery V12. Digital images were captured with a Zeiss stereomicroscopes (Discovery V12 and Stemi 2000) and stack images were combined using the Helicon Focus software. The drawings were edited with Adobe Photoshop. Left palps were illustrated except for Figures 17, 20 and 61-62 where the right palp were mirrored. Where locality co-ordinates were not provided on specimen labels or were not available in the institutional databases, they were traced using the Geographical Names list (http://www.geographic.org/) and old topographic maps and indicated in square brackets. Abbreviations used in the text: AME, anterior median eyes; Fm, femur; Pt, patella; Tb, tibia; Mt, metatarsus; RSA, Republic of South Africa. The sequence of leg segments in measurement data is as follows: femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus. All measurements are in mm. Leg spination follows Ono (1988).

FIGURE 1. Distribution records of Baryphas ahenus (circle; ? exact locality unknown), Brancus muticus (star), Hyllus dotatus (square) and Mogrus macrocephalus (triangle).

Taxonomy

Baryphas ahenus Simon, 1902 Figs 1–17

Baryphas ahenus Simon, 1902: 42 (♂♀, examined, lectotype here designated). B. ahenus: Simon 1903: 681, figs 807–809 (♂); Peckham & Peckham 1903: 207, pl. 24, fig. 2-2b (♂); Lessert 1925: 349, fig. 13 (♀); Prószyński 1987: 5 (♂♀); Wesołowska & Cumming 2008: 169, figs 2–8 (♂♀); Wesołowska & Haddad 2009: 23; Haddad & Wesołowska 2011: 53, figs 1–2 (♂♀).

Type material: Lectotype ♂, designated here (MNHN, #20204) Zululand / C. M. [=Republic of South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, exact locality and date unknown (C. Martin)].

166 · Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press AZARKINA & FOORD FIGURES 2–10. Baryphas ahenus. 2 male left palp (major form), ventral view; 3 male left palp (paralectotype), ventral view; 4 ditto, retrolateral view; 5 scheme of insemination ducts; 6 label of type specimens; 7 Baryphas ahenus major label; 8 epigyne, ventral view; 9 ditto; 10 spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bars: 2–4, 8–10, 0.1 mm.

Paralectotypes: 3♂, 14♀ (MNHN, #20204) together with lectotype. Other material: 2♂ (MNHN, #20393, Baryphas ahenus major) Natal / C.M. [=Republic of South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, exact locality and date unknown (C. Martin)]. Diagnosis. This species differs from other Baryphas species in the shape of the tibial apophysis which is relatively short, with apical teeth, and the absence of a clearly visible basal bulb on palpal tegulum (Figs 2–4).

JUMPING SPIDERS FROM SOUTH AFRICA AND NAMIBIA Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 167 FIGURES 11–17. Baryphas ahenus. 11 male habitus, dorsal view (paralectotype); 12 ditto, dorsal view (major form); 13 ditto, ventral view; 14 male "face", 15 female habitus , dorsal view ("orange stripes"); 16 ditto, dorsal view ("white stripes"); 17 ditto, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Description. Male: Carapace: 3.40–5.40 long, 2.90–4.30 wide, 2.00–2.70 high. Abdomen: 3.40–4.90 long, 2.60–3.30 wide. Eye field: 1.30–1.50 long, anterior 1.60–2.10 wide, posterior 1.80–2.50 wide. Cheliceral length 1.50–2.30. Clypeal height 0.25–0.30. Diameter of AME 0.50–0.70. Length of leg segments: I 2.10+1.40+1.50+1.40+0.85; II 1.90+1.10+1.20+1.10+0.60; III 2.00+1.10+1.10+1.40+0.70; IV 1.90+1.00+1.20+1.30+0.70. Leg spination: I: Fm d 1-1-4; Pt pr 1; Tb pr 1-1, rt 0-1, v 1-2-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-1ap, v 2-2ap. II: Fm d 1-1-4; Pt pr 1; Tb pr 1-1-1, v 1-2-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-1ap, v 2-2ap. III: Fm d 1-2-5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-0-2ap, v 2-2ap. IV: Fm d 1-2-5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1, v 2-0-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-1-2ap; v 0-2-2ap. Carapace high, red-brown, covered with dark brown hairs and whitish-transparent iridescent scales (Figs 11–12). Clypeus and cheeks brown to yellow-brown, with one row of brown bristles, covered with whitish-transparent scales (Fig. 14). Chelicerae large, robust, with small fangs, red- brown, covered with long brown hairs. Sternum brown. Abdomen yellow-brown, ventrally with brown hairs and whitish-transparent scales. Dorsum brown, covered with dense long brown hairs, with pattern of white scales: small patch in center of abdomen and two transversal short stripes on lateral sides. Book-lungs are yellow.

168 · Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press AZARKINA & FOORD Spinnerets are brown. All legs brown, covered with long brown hairs and whitish-transparent iridescent scales. Ventrally with dense brown hairs. Palps brown, covered with brown hairs and whitish-transparent scales. Palpal structure as in Figs 2–4. Female. Carapace: 3.10–3.60 long, 2.50–3.00 wide, 1.70 high. Abdomen: 3.20–4.80 long, 2.20–3.60 wide. Eye field: 1.30–1.40 long, anterior 1.70–1.90 wide, posterior 1.80–2.00 wide. Cheliceral length 1.20–1.60. Clypeal height 0.20–0.25. Diameter of AME 0.55–0.60. Length of leg segments: I 1.90+1.20+1.30+1.00+0.70; II 1.80+1.10+1.00+0.90+0.60; III 2.20+1.30+1.20+1.30+0.70; IV 2.10+1.10+1.40+1.70+0.65. Leg spination: I: Fm d 1-1-4; Pt pr 1; Tb pr 1-1-1, v 1-2-2ap; Mt pr 1-1ap, rt 0-1ap, v 2-2ap. II: Fm d 1-1-5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb pr 1-1-1, rt 1-1, v 1-2-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-1ap, v 2-2. III: Fm d 1-2-5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt d 0-1-0, pr and rt 1-0-2ap, v 2-2ap. IV: Fm d 1-1-5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-1-2ap; v 1-1-2ap. Coloration same as male. Some females have are lighter. Abdominal pattern with white or orange transverse stripes and a central patch (Figs 15–16). Structure of epigyne and spermathecae as in Figs 8–10. Distribution. Republic of South Africa, Zimbabwe. Comments. Baryphas ahenus is the type species of Baryphas Simon, 1902, which includes four species (Platnick 2013) that are common in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Simon did not designate a holotype and a lectotype is designated here because Baryphas ahenus varies considerably in size and coloration and we wanted to avoid any nomenclature confusion. Simon, based on his observations of this body size variation, labelled type specimens as Baryphas ahenus and non-type specimens as Baryphas ahenus major (Figs 6–7). However, despite this considerable body size variation (2×) in males, the size of the bulbus is almost identical (Figs 2–3). Coloration of patterns on dorsal side of abdomen in females is also very variable – with stripes and a central patch formed by white or orange scales (Figs 15–16). Females vary slightly in size, but epigynes are very variable within populations (Figs 8–9).

Brancus muticus Simon, 1902 Figs 1, 18–35

Brancus muticus Simon, 1902: 400 (♂, examined). B. muticus: Simon 1903: 709; Berland & Millot 1941: 332; Prószyński 1976: 156; 1978: 7 (♂); Wesołowska & Russell-Smith 2011: 567 (syn.). Brancus bevisi Lessert, 1925: 356, fig. 17 (♂, examined). B. bevisi: Berland & Millot 1941: 331; Prószyński 1976: 156.

Type material: Holotype Brancus muticus ♂ (MNHN, #7546) Congo [date and collector unknown]; Holotype Brancus bevisi ♂ (NMSA, #NM 17060) Amanzimtoti, L. Bevis [=Republic of South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Amanzimtoti, 30°03'S, 30°53'E, date unknown (L. Bevis)]. Other material: RSA: 1♀ (NCA 97/120) KwaZulu-Natal, Richards Bay, ca. 28°49'S, 32°02'E, sweep net, 11– 12.1995 (T. Wassernaar); 1♀ (probably lost) Limpopo, 23°30'S, 30°15'E, 374 m a.s.l., branch beating, vegetation: Colophosperme mopane and Androstachys johnsoni, woodland, 16.02.2008 (V. Gelebe); 1♂ 2♀ (probably lost) exact locality and date unknown (A. Russell-Smith). Diagnosis. This species resembles B. verdieri Berland & Millot, 1941. The two species differ in the shape of the tibial apophysis (straight in B. muticus and bent at a right angle in B. verdieri) and position of tegular lobe (prolateral in B. verdieri and basal (Figs 18–20) in B. muticus). The embolus is coiled forming one loop and contrasts with other Brancus species where the coil has two loops the (B. blaisei) and half a loop (B. occidentalis). Description. Male (holotype of B. bevisi,). Carapace: 2.59 long, 2.32 wide, 1.40 high. Abdomen: 2.88 long, 1.58 wide. Eye field: 1.18 long, anterior 1.65 wide, posterior 1.65 wide. Cheliceral length 0.86. Clypeal height 0.10. Diameter of AME 0.57. Length of leg segments: I 1.40+0.97+1.36+0.68+0.57; II 1.18+0.79+1.00+0.57+0.50; III 1.18+0.72+0.90+1.00+0.57; IV 1.54+0.68+1.00+1.11+0.60. Leg spination: I: Fm d 0-1-1-3; Tb v 1-0-0-2-1-0; Mt v 0-2-2ap. II: Fm d 0-1-2-4; Pt pr 1; Tb pr 0-1-1, v 1-0-2-2ap; Mt v 0-2-2ap. III: Fm d 0-2-1-4; Pt pt and rt 1; Tb pr 1-1, rt 1-1-1, v 1-0-1ap; Mt pr and rt 1-0-2, v 1-0-2ap. IV: Fm d 0-1-1-3; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb pr 0-1-1 or 0-2-1, rt 1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt pr and rt 0-1-2ap; v 0-0-2ap. Carapace yellow-brown to brown, ocular area is yellow with brown rings around eyes, central part of ocular area with brown patch (Figs 29–30). Laterally ocular area with bunch of long dense bristles. Clypeus very low, yellow with brown line among lower

JUMPING SPIDERS FROM SOUTH AFRICA AND NAMIBIA Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 169 rim, covered with one row of brown bristles (Fig. 32). Chelicerae brown. Sternum yellow. Abdomen yellow, dorsum yellowish-brown, medially with band of white scales, covered with brownish-yellow hairs. First pair of legs robust, bigger than others. Femora of all legs brown, distally yellow. Coxae I brownish, coxae of the remaining legs yellow. Patellae and tibiae I–II ventrally with rather dense brown hairs. Palpal structure as in Figs 18–23.

FIGURES 18–23. Brancus muticus. 18–20 male palps, ventral view; 21–23 - ditto, retrolateral view (18, 21 holotype of Brancus bevisi; 19, 22 holotype of Brancus muticus; 20, 23 material from RSA). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

170 · Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press AZARKINA & FOORD FIGURES 24–28. Brancus muticus. 24–25, 28 epigynes, ventral view; 26 scheme of insemination ducts; 27 spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bars: 24–25, 27–28, 0.1 mm.

Female (KwaZulu-Natal, NCA 97/120). Carapace: 2.40 long, 2.10 wide, 1.45 high. Abdomen: 4.50 long, 2.50 wide. Eye field: 1.10 long, anterior 1.60 wide, posterior 1.65 wide. Cheliceral length 0.80. Clypeal height 0.10. Diameter of AME 0.55. Length of leg segments: I 1.40+0.95+1.05+0.60+0.50; II 1.25+0.90+0.90+0.55+0.50; III 1.60+1.00+0.90+0.90+0.50; IV 1.55+0.90+1.10+1.20+0.50. Leg spination: I: Fm d 0-1-1-3; Tb v 0-0-0-1-1; Mt v 0-2-2ap. II: Fm d 0-1-1-4; Tb v 0-0-1-0-0 or 0-0-0-0-0; Mt v 0-2-2ap. III: Fm d 0-2-1-4; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb pr 1-1, rt 1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-0-2, v 1-0-2ap. IV: Fm d 0-1-1-2; Pt rt 1; Tb pr 1-1 or 0-1, rt 1-1-1, v 0-0-2ap; Mt pr 0-1-2 or 0-0-2, rt 1-1-2; v 0-0-2ap. Carapace brownish-yellow with brown rings around eyes, central part of ocular area with brown patch (Fig. 34). Laterally ocular area with bunch of long dense bristles. Clypeus and cheeks yellow covered with white hairs (Fig. 33). Chelicerae brownish-yellow. Sternum yellow. Abdomen pale yellow, dorsum with two parallel brown bands, laterally and apically with wide bands of brown patches and strokes (Fig. 34). Spinnerets brown-yellow. Book-lungs pale yellow. Legs I robust, larger than others. All legs yellow. Femora I prolaterally with brown transversal lines. Palps yellow. Structure of epigyne and spermathecae as in Figs 24–25, 27–28. Distribution. Western, Central and Southern Africa. Comments. In 2008 one of us (GA) studied 1 ♀ collected by V. Gelebe and 1♂ 2♀ collected by A. Russell- Smith in the Republic of South Africa. Unfortunately this material seems to be lost. GA kept figures of the specimens collected by A. Russell-Smith as it represents the first record of males and females of Brancus muticus that were collected together.

JUMPING SPIDERS FROM SOUTH AFRICA AND NAMIBIA Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 171 FIGURES 29–35. Brancus muticus. 29 male habitus, dorsal view (holotype of Brancus muticus); 30 ditto (holotype of Brancus bevisi); 31 ditto, ventral view (holotype of Brancus bevisi); 32 male "face" (holotype of Brancus bevisi); 33 female face; 34 female habitus, dorsal view; 35 ditto, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Euophrys quadrispinosa Lawrence, 1938 Figs 36–42

Euophrys quadrispinosa Lawrence 1938: 523, fig. 40 (♀, examined).

Type material: Holotype ♀ (NMSA, #NM 1417) Umhlali, Sheffield Beach, January 1937, R.F. Lawrence [=Republic of South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Umhlali, Sheffield Beach, 29°29'S, 31°16'E, 01.1937 (R.F. Lawrence)].

172 · Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press AZARKINA & FOORD Diagnosis. This species resembles Pochyta spinosa Simon, 1901 in the presence of two small “pockets” on the distal part of the epigyne, but differs in the shape of epigyne and vulva with a copulatory opening situated medially on the epigyne (Fig. 37) and with elongate insemination ducts (Fig. 38). Description. Female (holotype): Carapace: 3.27 long, 2.59 wide, 1.44 high. Abdomen: 3.88 long, 2.34 wide. Eye field: 1.65 long, anterior 2.26 wide, posterior 2.05 wide. Cheliceral length 1.08. Clypeal height 0.14. Diameter of AME 0.68. Length of leg segments: I 1.65+1.11+1.26+0.97+0.68; II 1.76+0.97+1.15+0.90+0.54; III 1.80+0.93+1.22+1.36+0.72; IV 2.12+0.93+1.58+1.72+0.90. Leg spination: I: Fm d 1-1-4; Tb v 2-2-2-2ap; Mt v 2- 2. II: Fm d 1-2-5; Tb pr 1-1, v 2-1-2-2ap; Mt v 2-2. III: Fm d 1-2-5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1, v 2- 0-2ap; Mt pr 1-0-2ap, rt 1-1-2ap, v 0-2-2ap. IV: Fm d 1-1-5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1, v 0-2-0-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-1-2ap; v 0-2-2ap. Carapace brown, covered with white hairs, black rings around eyes (except PME) (Fig. 40). Clypeus low. Clypeus, cheeks and chelicerae brownish yellow (Fig. 42). Sternum greyish yellow. Abdomen yellow, ventrally with spotty brownish grey pattern. Book-lungs grey yellow. Spinnerets yellowish grey. All legs yellow with brown patches and semi-rings. Femora and patellae of palps yellow, tibiae and tarsi are brown. Structure of epigyne and spermathecae as in Figs 37–38. Male unknown. Distribution. Known only from Republic of South Africa. Comments. This species belongs to an undescribed genus (Wesołowska, personal communication).

FIGURE 36. Distribution records of Euophrys quadrispinosa (star), Thyene bilineata (square) and Thyenula natalica (circle; ? exact locality unknown).

JUMPING SPIDERS FROM SOUTH AFRICA AND NAMIBIA Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 173 FIGURES 37–39. Euophrys quadrispinosa. 37 epigyne, ventral view; 38 spermathecae, dorsal view; 39 scheme of insemination ducts. Scale bars: 35–36, 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 40–42. Euophrys quadrispinosa. 40 female habitus, dorsal view; 41 ditto, ventral view; 42 female "face". Scale bars: 40–41, 1 mm.

Hyllus dotatus (Peckham et Peckham, 1903) Figs 1, 43–47

Habrocestum dotatum Peckham et Peckham, 1903: 239, pl. 27, fig. 6 (♂♀, not examined); Prószyński, 1987: 37 (♀). Hyllus ventrilineatus Strand, 1906: 665 (♀); Strand, 1908: 63, pl. 2, fif. 12 (♀); Lessert, 1915: 80, pl. 3, figs 64–65, 79–80 (♂♀); Berland & Millot, 1941: 340, figs 44–45 (♂♀). Hyllus dotatum: Clark 1974: 17 (transferred from Habrocestum). Evarcha cara: Wesolowska & van Harten, 1994: 22, figs 50–51 (♀). Hyllus corniger: Wesolowska & van Harten, 1994: 43, figs 93–96 (♂).

174 · Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press AZARKINA & FOORD Evarcha dotata: Wesolowska & Russell-Smith 2000: 23, figs 29–36 (transferred from Hyllus). Hyllus dotatus: Logunov 2004d: 87, figs 1–2 (transferred to Evarcha). Evarcha dotata: Wesolowska & van Harten 2007: 199, figs 27–31 (♀);Wesolowska & Tomasiewicz 2008: 13; Wesolowska & van Harten 2010: 31. Thyene damarensis Lawrence, 1927: 63, pl. 2, fig. 50 (♀, examined) syn. n.

Type material: Syntypes 2♀ 3 juv. (SAM, #B6100, marked as "Types 5♀") South West Africa, Kunene R., C 1712Aa, March 1923, R.F. Lawrence [=Namibia, Kunene, Kunene River, ca. 17°05'S, 12°10'E, 03.1923 (R.F. Lawrence)]; 1♀ (SAM, #B6195) South West Africa, Kunene R., C 1712Aa, March 1923, R.F. Lawrence [=Namibia, Kunene, Kunene River, ca. 17°05'S, 12°10'E, 03.1923 (R.F. Lawrence)]; 1♀ (SAM, #B6759) South West Africa, Oncka, March 1923 [=Namibia, Ohangwena, Onka, ca. 17°40'S, 16°00'E, March 1923 (Collector unknown)]. Distribution. Africa and Arabian Peninsula. Comments. Hyllus dotatus is widespread throughout the Afrotropical Region with several rediscriptions, e.g. Wesołowska & Russell-Smith (2000), Wesołowska & van Harten (2007) (all sub Evarcha dotata (Peckham et Peckham, 1903)). The body size, coloration and copulatory organs of H. dotatus varies very little. We therefore only included figures without any descriptions.

FIGURES 43–46. Hyllus dotatus. 43–44 females habitus, dorsal view; 45 ditto, ventral view; 46 female "face".

FIGURES 47–50. Hyllus dotatus (47 epigyne, dorsal view) and Mogrus macrocephalus Lawrence, 1927 (48 scheme of insemination ducts; 49 epigyne, ventral view; 50 spermathecae, dorsal view). Scale bars: 47, 49–50, 0.1 mm.

JUMPING SPIDERS FROM SOUTH AFRICA AND NAMIBIA Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 175 Mogrus macrocephalus Lawrence, 1927 Figs 1, 48–53

Mogrus macrocephalus Lawrence 1927: 62, pl. 2, fig. 40 (♀, examined).

Type material: Holotype ♀ (SAM, #B6267) South West Africa, Uuvidhiya, March 1923, K.H. Bernard [=Namibia, Omusati, Uuvudhiya, 18°08'S, 15°29'E, 03.1923 (K.H. Bernard)]. Diagnosis. This species differs from other Mogrus by mushroom-shaped epigyne (Fig. 49). Description. Female (holotype): Carapace: 3.30 long, 2.60 wide, 1.80 high. Abdomen: 4.50 long, 3.30 wide. Eye field: 1.60 long, anterior 2.30 wide, posterior 2.40 wide. Cheliceral length 1.50. Clypeal height 0.15. Diameter of AME 0.50. Length of leg segments: I 1.86+1.15+1.40+1.00+0.75; II 1.65+1.10+1.10+0.97+0.70; III 2.00+1.10+1.30+1.20+0.75; IV 2.10+1.00+1.30+1.60+0.75. Leg spination: I: Fm d 0-1-1-4; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb pr 1- 2, v 1-2-2ap; Mt pr 1-1, v 2-2. II: Fm d 0-1-1-5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb pr 1-2, v 1-1-2ap; Mt pr 1-1, v 2-2. III: Fm d 1-1- 5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb pr and rt 1-2, v 0-0-2ap; Mt d 1-0, pr and rt 1-2ap, v 2-2ap. IV: Fm d 1-1-3; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb pr and rt 1-1-1-0, v 1-0-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-1-0-2ap; v 2-0-2ap. Carapace reddish-brown, covered with white hairs (Fig. 52). Ocular area brown. Chelicerae reddish-brown. Clypeus low, clypeus and cheeks reddish-brown, covered with white hairs, cheeks with two bands of white hairs (Fig. 53). Sternum yellow-brown. Abdomen ventrally yellow with brownish medial band (Fig. 51). Dorsum brown, with dark brown medial band, expanding to the median part and converging to the distal part of abdomen, covered with brown hairs. Book lungs brownish yellow (Fig. 51). Spinnerets yellowish brown. All femora yellow, distally brown, other segments brownish with brown rings. Structure of epigyne and spermathecae as in Figs 49–50. Male unknown. Distribution. Known only from type locality in Namibia.

FIGURES 51–53. Mogrus macrocephalus. 51 female habitus, ventral view; 52 ditto, dorsal view; 53 female "face".

Thyene bilineata Lawrence, 1927 Figs 36, 54–62

Thyene bilineata Lawrence, 1927: 64, pl. 2, fig. 51 (♀, examined). Thyene bilineata striatipes Lawrence, 1927: 65 (♀, examined) syn. n.

176 · Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press AZARKINA & FOORD Type material: Lectotype, ♀ designated here (SAM, #B6938) South West Africa, Kunene R., March 1923 [=Namibia, Kunene, Kunene River, ca. 17°05'S, 12°10'E, 03.1923 (Collector unknown)]. Paralectotypes: 2♀ (SAM, #B6114) South West Africa, Ongandjera, Ovamboland [=Namibia, Omusati, Ongandjera, 17°53'S, 15°04'E, 03.1923 (Collector unknown)]; 1♀ (SAM, #B6760) South West Africa, Oncka, March 1923 [=Namibia, Ohangwena, Onka, ca. 17°40'S, 16°00'E, 03.1923 (Collector unknown)]; Syntipes (Thyene bilineata striatipes): 4♀ (SAM, #B6146) South West Africa, Kunene R., C 1712BC, March 1923, R.F. Lawrence [=Namibia, Kunene, Kunene River, ca. 17°15'S, 12°30'E, 03.1923 (R.F. Lawrence)]. Other material: Namibia: 1 juv. (SAM, #B6176, marked as ♀ among types) Kunene, Kunene River, ca. 17°05'S, 12°10'E, 03.1923 (Collector unknown); RSA: 1♀ (NCA 2012/2715) Gauteng, Pretoria/Tswane, Roodeplaatdam Nature Reserve, 26°21'S, 28°21'E, sweepnetting, grass and shrubs, 17.10.1983 (A. van den Berg, C. Schulz); 1♀ (NCA 2012/2716) Gauteng, Pretoria/Tswane, Roodeplaatdam Nature Reserve, 26°21'S, 28°21'E, sweepnetting, grass, 25.10.1982 (A. van den Berg, I. van Rooyen); 1♀ (NCA 2012/2717) Gauteng, Pretoria/ Tswane, Roodeplaatdam Nature Reserve, 26°21'S, 28°21'E, sweepnetting and beating, grass and trees, 25.01.1983 (A. van den Berg, T. Marren); 1♀ (NCA 83/24) Gauteng, Pretoria/Tswane, Roodeplaatdam Nature Reserve, 26°21'S, 28°21'E, sweepnetting, 9.03.1982 (I. van Rooyen, T. Marren). Diagnosis. The species differs from other Thyene species by body coloration – two brown stripes on carapace and abdomen (Fig. 59). T. bilineata is closely related to T. semiargentea (Simon, 1884). It differs by body coloration (cf. Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000: figs 303 and 55–60) and the presence of simple spermathecae (Fig. 55), cf. Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000: figs 305–305 and 53–54).

FIGURES 54–56. Thyene bilineata. 54 epigyne, ventral view; 55 spermathecae, dorsal view; 56 scheme of insemination ducts. Scale bars: 54–55, 0.1 mm.

Description. Female (NCA 2012/2717): Carapace: 2.70 long, 2.30 wide, 1.40 high. Abdomen: 3.90 long, 2.50 wide. Eye field: 1.20 long, anterior 1.55 wide, posterior 1.60 wide. Cheliceral length 0.90. Clypeal height 0.20. Diameter of AME 0.55. Length of leg segments: I 1.50+1.00+1.10+0.80+0.50; II 1.40+0.90+0.80+0.70+0.50; III 1.90+1.00+0.95+1.10+0.60; IV 1.70+0.80+1.10+1.10+0.60. Leg spination: I: Fm d 0-1-1-3; Tb v 0-2-2-1-2ap or 0- 1-2-1-2ap; Mt v 0-2-2ap. II: Fm d 0-1-1-3; Tb v 1-2-2ap or 1-1-2ap; Mt v 2-2ap. III: Fm d 0-1-2-4; Pt rt 1; Tb pr 1- 1, rt 1-1 or 1-1-1, v 0-0-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-0-2ap, v 1-0-2ap or 2-0-2ap. IV: Fm d 0-1-1-2; Pt rt 1; Tb rt 1-1, v 0-0- 2ap; Mt pr 0-0-2ap, rt 1-0-2ap; v 0-0-2ap. Carapace brownish-yellow to yellow, with two bands from PME to posterior rim of carapace, formed from sparse brown hairs (Figs 59, 62). Ocular area white-yellow, some specimens with brown spots in the middle part of ocular area that barely perceptible, covered with transparent iridescent scales. Eyes with black rings. Laterally ocular area with bunch of long dense bristles. Clypeus and cheeks yellow, with bands of white hairs on each cheek from AME to lateral sides of carapace (Figs 58, 61). Chelicerae yellow, covered with sparse yellow hairs. Sternum yellow. Abdomen whitish-grey-yellow. Ventrally with three brown bands from epigastric fold to spinnerets. Dorsum covered with white, transparent scales, and two

JUMPING SPIDERS FROM SOUTH AFRICA AND NAMIBIA Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 177 broad brown bands. Spinnerets brownish-yellow. Book-lungs white-grey. All legs brownish-yellow, covered with sparse white and brown hairs. First pair of legs robust, larger than the rest. Femora I with transverse prolateral brown stripes. Palps yellow, covered with white hairs. Structure of epigyne and spermathecae as in Figs 54–55. Male unknown.

FIGURES 57–62. Thyene bilineata. 57–59 paralecotype (57 female habitus, ventral view; 58 female "face"; 59 female habitus, dorsal view; 60–62 specimen from RSA (60 female habitus, ventral view; 61 female "face"; 62 female habitus, dorsal view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

178 · Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press AZARKINA & FOORD Distribution. Namibia and Republic of South Africa. Comments. We selected the lectotype because this specimen was drawn by Lawrence (Lawrence 1927). Thyene bilineata striatipes epigyne’s differ slightly from other Thyene bilineata epigynes. There are considerable intra- and interspecific variation in the epigynal shape of the genus Thyene and we therefore do not recognise the subspecies and synonymize T. bilineata striatipes with T. bilineata.

FIGURES 63–64. Thyenula natalica. holotype. 63 male palp, ventral view; 64 ditto, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Thyenula natalica (Simon, 1902) comb. n. Figs 36, 63–68

Evarcha natalica Simon 1902: 398 (♂, examined). Evarcha natalica: Simon 1903: 697; Lessert 1925: 354.

JUMPING SPIDERS FROM SOUTH AFRICA AND NAMIBIA Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 179 Type material: Holotype ♂ (MNHN, #20381) Natal / C.M. [=Republic of South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, exact locality and date unknown (C. Martin)]. Other material: RSA: 1♂ (NCA 87/133) Gauteng, Pretoria/Tswane, Roodeplaatdam Nature Reserve, 26°21'S, 28°21'E, sweepnetting, 9.03.1982 (I. van Rooyen, T. Marren); 1♂ (NCA 84/862) Mpumalanga, Bergvliet Staatsbos, Sabie, ca. 25°07'S, 30°53'E, sweepnetting, grass and ferns next to Sabie river, 19.09.1984 (A.S. Dippenaar); 1♂ (NCA 86/577) KwaZulu-Natal, Vernon Crookes Nature Reserve, near Park Rynie, ca. 30°18'S, 30°38'E, 25.03.1985 (R.Maartens).

FIGURES 65–68. Thyenula natalica. holotype. 65 male habitus, ventral view; 66 ditto, dorsal view; 67 male "face"; 68 label of holotype. Scale bars: 65–67, 1 mm.

Diagnosis. This species closely resemble Thyenula magna Wesołowska & Haddad 2009, but differs in the shape of the bulbus (broad in T. natalica and narrow in T. magna) and length of palpal tibia: long in T. magna (see Wesołowska & Haddad 2009, Figs 201–202) and short in T. natalica (Figs 61–62). It differs from other Thyenula in the shape of embolus that has a thin membrane (Figs 63–64). Description. Male (Holotype of Evarcha natalica, MNHN, #20381). Carapace: length 2.85, width 2.30, height 1.70. Abdomen: length 2.45, width 1.90. Eye field: length 1.20, anterior width 1.95, posterior width 1.80. Cheliceral length 0.90. Clypeal height 0.15. Diameter of AME 0.70. Length of leg segments: I 1.80+1.20+1.50+1.10+0.70; II 1.60+0.90+1.00+0.80+0.60; III 1.65+0.85+1.00+1.25+0.60; IV 1.50+0.70+1.00+1.25+0.70. Leg spination: I: Fm d 1-1-; Pt pr and rt 1, Tb pr 1-1-1, rt 0-1, v 2-2-2ap; Mt pr 1-1, v 2-2ap. II: Fm d 1-1-5; Pt pr and rt 1, Tb pr 1-1-1, rt 1-1, v 2-2-2ap; Mt pr 1-1, v 2-2ap. III: Fm d 1-1-5; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-0-2ap, v 2-0-2ap. IV: Fm d 1-1-3; Pt pr and rt 1; Tb d 1-0- 0, pr and rt 1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-1-2ap; v 1-0-2ap. Carapace brown, with black rings around eyes (Fig. 66). Clypeus brown, chelicerae dark brown (Fig. 67). Sternum yellow, laterally brown. Abdomen greyish-yellow, ventrally with two narrow grey stripes. Dorsum brown, medially with yellow stripe. Book-lungs brownish-yellow. Spinnerets yellow. First pair of legs big and robust, all segments brown. Femora of II–IV pairs of legs brown, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi II–IV pairs ventrally brown, dorsally yellow. Tarsi II–IV pairs yellow. Palps brownish-yellow. Palpal structure as in Figs 63–64. Female unknown.

180 · Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press AZARKINA & FOORD Distribution. Republic of South Africa. Comments. This species shares the synapomorphy of all Thyenula, viz. an embolus that forms a distal coil separated from the tegulum by the distal heamatodocha. We therefore transfer this species to the genus Thyenula (subfamily Euophryinae).

Acknowledgements

We are thankful to D. Larsen (Cape Town, RSA), E.-A. Leguin (Paris, France), P. Marais (Pretoria, RSA) and A. Ndaba (Pietermaritzburg, RSA) allowing us access to their collections. Also we wish to express our warmest thanks to A. Dippenaar-Schoeman and P. Marais for assisting GA during her stay in Pretoria. Special thanks to P. Marais for assistance in receiving collections from Iziko and Natal Museums. T. Blick (Germany), P. Croeser (RSA), V. Hula (Czech Republic), R. Jocqué (Belgium), A. Leroy (RSA), D. Logunov (UK), Y. Marusik (Russia), A. Ndaba (RSA), A. Russell-Smith (UK), P. Schwendinger (Switzerland), T. Szűts (USA) and W. Wesołowska (Poland) are thanked for various inputs during preparation of this manuscript. Anonymous referees are thanked for their critical comments that improved the manuscript. This work was funded by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (grant no. TTK2008050500003). SHF acknowledges financial support from the DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology.

References

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182 · Zootaxa 3686 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press AZARKINA & FOORD