The Globalization of Language
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Modeling Regional Variation in Voice Onset Time of Jutlandic Varieties of Danish
Chapter 4 Modeling regional variation in voice onset time of Jutlandic varieties of Danish Rasmus Puggaard Universiteit Leiden It is a well-known overt feature of the Northern Jutlandic variety of Danish that /t/ is pronounced with short voice onset time and no affrication. This is not lim- ited to Northern Jutland, but shows up across the peninsula. This paper expands on this research, using a large corpus to show that complex geographical pat- terns of variation in voice onset time is found in all fortis stops, but not in lenis stops. Modeling the data using generalized additive mixed modeling both allows us to explore these geographical patterns in detail, as well as test a number of hypotheses about how a number of environmental and social factors affect voice onset time. Keywords: Danish, Jutlandic, phonetics, microvariation, regional variation, stop realization, voice onset time, aspiration, generalized additive mixed modeling 1. Introduction A well-known feature of northern Jutlandic varieties of Danish is the use of a variant of /t/ known colloquially as the ‘dry t’. While the Standard Danish variant of /t/ has a highly affricated release, the ‘dry t’ does not. Puggaard (2018) showed that variation in this respect goes beyond just that particular phonetic feature and dialect area: the ‘dry t’ also has shorter voice onset time (VOT) than affricated variants, and a less affricated, shorter variant of /t/ is also found in the center of Jutland. This paper expands on Puggaard (2018) with the primary goals of providing a sounder basis for investigating the geographic spread of the variation, and to test whether the observed variation is limited to /t/ or reflects general patterns in plosive realization. -
Global Infatuation: Explorations in Transnational Publishing and Texts. the Case of Harlequin Enterprises and Sweden
GlobalGlobal Infatuation InfatuationExplorations in Transnational Publishing and Texts the case of harlequin enterprises and sweden HemmungsEvaEva Hemmungs Wirtén Wirtén Skrifter utgivna av Avdelningen för litteratursociologi vid Litteraturvetenskapliga institutionen i Uppsala Publications from the Section for Sociology of Literature at the Department of Literature, Uppsala University Nr 38 Global Infatuation Explorations in Transnational Publishing and Texts the case of harlequin enterprises and sweden Eva Hemmungs Wirtén Avdelningen för litteratursociologi vid Litteraturvetenskapliga institutionen i Uppsala Section for Sociology of Literature at the Department of Literature, Uppsala University Uppsala 1998 Till Mamma och minnet av Pappa Dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in literature presented at Uppsala University in 1998 Abstract Hemmungs Wirtén, E. 1998: Global Infatuation: Explorations in Transnational Publishing and Texts. The Case of Harlequin Enterprises and Sweden. Skrifter utgivna av Avdelningen för litteratursociologi vid Litteraturvetenskapliga institutionen i Uppsala. Publications from the Section for Sociology of Literature at the Department of Literature, Uppsala University, 38. 272 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 91-85178-28-4. English text. This dissertation deals with the Canadian category publisher Harlequin Enterprises. Operating in a hundred markets and publishing in twenty-four languages around the world, Harlequin Enterprises exempliıes the increasingly transnational character of publishing and the media. This book takes the Stockholm-based Scandinavian subsidiary Förlaget Harlequin as a case-study to analyze the complexities involved in the transposition of Harlequin romances from one cultural context into another. Using a combination of theoretical and empirical approaches it is argued that the local process of translation and editing – here referred to as transediting – has a fundamental impact on how the global book becomes local. -
Building Runic Networks
Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Viking and Medieval Norse Studies Building Runic Networks A Digital Investigation of Dialects in the East Norse Runic Corpus Ritgerð til MA-prófs í Viking and Medieval Norse Studies Benjamin Holt Kt.: 220589-4719 Leiðbeinendur: Haraldur Bernharðsson Michael Lerche Nielsen September 2017 ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis is to create a complex and three-dimensional overview of East Norse dialects in the age of runic inscription (approximately 700 AD through 1200 AD). It does so through the use of two innovations – namely, variable co-occurrence and network analysis – that allow for greater depth and complexity than previous studies offer. Prior scholarship has focused primarily on only one set of linguistic variables. By examining and analyzing the occurrences of two sets of variables simultaneously, this thesis exponentially increases the complexity – and thus credibility – of the resultant dialectal analysis. Creating networks of runic inscriptions based on these co-occurrences makes it possible to free dialectal data from abstract tables and visualize linguistic connections and patterns in a previously unexplored manner. By so doing, this thesis presents new and innovative insight into the dialects of Runic Swedish, Runic Danish, and Runic Gutnish and paves the way for future digital research into the same. ÚTDRÁTTUR Markmið þessarar ritgerðar er að skapa margbrotið þrívíddaryfirlit yfir austnorrænar mállýskur í rúnaáletrunum (u.þ.b. 700–1200). Þetta er gert með notkun tveggja nýjunga – greiningar á sameiginlegum málbreytum og netgreiningu (e. network analysis) – sem gera það kleift að ná dýpri innsýn og margslungnari niðurstöðum en fyrri rannsóknir þar sem sjónum hefur aðeins verið beint að einni samstæðu af málbreytum. -
Western Europe Market & Mediafact 2009 Edition
Western Europe Market & MediaFact 2009 Edition Compiled by: Anne Austin, Jonathan Barnard, Nicola Hutcheon Produced by: David Parry © 2010 ZenithOptimedia All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without written permission from the copyright owners. ISSN 1469-6614 Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure accuracy of the contents, but the publishers and copyright owners cannot accept liability in respect of errors or omissions. Readers will appreciate that the data is only as up-to-date as printing schedules will allow and is subject to change. ZENITHOPTIMEDIA ZenithOptimedia is one of the world's leading ZenithOptimedia is committed to delivering to global media services agencies with 218 offices clients the best possible return on their in 72 countries. advertising investment. Key clients include AlcatelLucent, Beam Global This approach is supported by a unique system Spirits & Wine, British Airways, Darden for strategy development and implementation, Restaurants, Electrolux, General Mills, Giorgio The ROI Blueprint. At each stage, proprietary Armani Parfums, Kingfisher, Mars, Nestlé, ZOOM (ZenithOptimedia Optimisation of Media) L'Oréal, Puma, Polo Ralph Lauren, Qantas, tools have been designed to add value and Richemont Group, Sanofi-Aventis, Siemens, insight. Thomson Multimedia, Toyota/Lexus, Verizon, Whirlpool and Wyeth. The -
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY of DENMARK and GREENLAND BULLETIN 21 · 2010 Exploration History and Place Names of Northern East Greenland
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF DENMARK AND GREENLAND BULLETIN 21 · 2010 Exploration history and place names of northern East Greenland Anthony K. Higgins GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF DENMARK AND GREENLAND MINISTRY OF CLIMATE AND ENERGY Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 21 Keywords Exploration history, northern East Greenland, place names, Lauge Koch’s geological expeditions, Caledonides. Cover illustration Ättestupan, the 1300 m high cliff on the north side of Kejser Franz Joseph Fjord discovered and so named by A.G. Nathorst in 1899. Frontispiece: facing page Map of Greenland by Egede (1818), illustrating the incorrect assumption that the Norse settlements of Greenland were located in South-West and South-East Greenland. Many of the localities named in the Icelandic Sagas are placed on this map at imaginary sites on the unknown east coast of Greenland. The map is from the second English edition of Hans Egede’s ‘Description of Greenland’, a slightly modified version of the first English edition published in 1741. Chief editor of this series: Adam A. Garde Editorial board of this series: John A. Korstgård, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Aarhus; Minik Rosing, Geological Museum, University of Copenhagen; Finn Surlyk, Department of Geography and Geology, University of Copenhagen Scientific editor of this volume: Adam A. Garde Editorial secretaries: Jane Holst and Esben W. Glendal Referees: Ian Stone (UK) and Christopher Jacob Ries (DK) Illustrations: Eva Melskens Maps: Margareta Christoffersen Digital photographic work: Benny M. Schark Layout and graphic production: Annabeth Andersen Geodetic advice: Willy Lehmann Weng Printers: Rosendahls · Schultz Grafisk a/s, Albertslund, Denmark Manuscript received: 22 April 2010 Final version approved: 1 July 2010 Printed: 21 December 2010. -
Verschärfung in Old Norse and Gothic
HJALMAR P. PETERSEN Verschärfung in Old Norse and Gothic A bstract The main hypothesis presented in this paper is that the so-called Verschärfung in Germanic (or Holtzmann’s Law) is an independent development in Gothic and Old Norse as shown by structural similarities. The sound change was not of Indo-European origin, but is a diphthongisation with stop articulation as the final step. It will be shown that neither the Indo-European (IE) laryngeals nor the IE accent played any role in the development of-ddj/-ggj and -ggw/-ggv in Gothic and Old Norse. Germanic Verschärfung originated, we will argue, in a structure like [eu.e/ei.e]. The conditions for the change were (i) a disyllabic word-form, (ii) a short vowel as the first part of an-i or -u diphthong, (iii) glide insertion [eu.we], and (iv) a change of the -u/i (or -w/j) part of the diphthong to a fricative [ej'.we/ej'.je] as an intermediate step before stop articulation. The fricative pronunciation occurred, we will argue, when the word-forms were in accented position in the sentence. This resulted in an alternation between an [ew.we] and [ej^.we], which became opaque, once the fricative changed to a stop. This in turn leads to an analogical levelling of the stop to monosyllabic word-forms. It will be shown, with examples from Old Norse, that the stop articulation was original only in disyllabic word-forms, and spread to mono syllabic word forms. Crucial pairs arehçggva 'to hew’ (infinitive) and past tense hjç. -
Tone Accent in North and West Germanic1 Björn Köhnlein (The Ohio State University)
Tone accent in North and West Germanic1 Björn Köhnlein (The Ohio State University) Author’s version, 16 May 2018 To appear in: Page, Richard & Mike Putnam (eds.) (forthcoming). The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Abstract This chapter discusses tonal accent in North and West Germanic. Varieties with tonal accent display (primarily) tone-based oppositions between two accents in stressed syllables, commonly referred to as Accent 1 and Accent 2. In North Germanic, tonal accent occurs in most varieties of Norwegian and Swedish, as well as some in varieties of Danish; in West Germanic, it can be found in dialects spoken in Belgium, Germany, and the Netherlands. Examples are [man1] ‘basket’ vs. [man2] ‘man’ for West Germanic (Arzbach), or [1andən] ‘the duck’ [2andən] ‘the spirit’ for North Germanic (Stockholm). For each of the two areas, this chapter reviews some basic synchronic properties of the respective tone accent systems, including patterns of variation across dialects. It furthermore provides a brief overview of the tenets of different synchronic analyses of the phenomena, as well as of diachronic approaches to the genesis and diachronic typology of tonal accent. Keywords: tone accent, foot structure, lexical tone, stress, diachronic typology, synchronic typology, lexical distribution, focus, intonation 1 I would like to thank Pavel Iosad, Nina Hagen Kaldhol and the editors Mike Putnam and Richard Page for their valuable suggestions. 1 1. Introduction All Germanic languages use intonational tone to signal information status, sentential prominence, and prosodic boundaries (Féry this volume; O’Brien this volume). In most varieties, this usage of tone is considered to be purely postlexical, in the sense that tone does not distinguish lexical items. -
The Role of Dialect Exposure in Receptive Multilingualism
DOI 10.1515/applirev-2014-0011 Applied Linguistics Review 2014; 5(1): 247 – 271 Charlotte Gooskens* and Wilbert Heeringa The role of dialect exposure in receptive multilingualism Abstract: Previous investigations of inter-Scandinavian intelligibility have shown that, in general, Norwegians are better at understanding the closely related lan- guages Danish and Swedish than Danes and Swedes are at understanding Nor- wegian. This asymmetry is often explained by the strong position that dialects hold in Norway as opposed to in Denmark and Sweden. In Norway, the general public is more exposed to language variation than in Sweden and Denmark. Due to this exposure Norwegians are assumed to have higher language awareness and more possibilities for linguistic transfer than Swedes and Danes. This could make it easier for them to understand closely related language varieties. The aim of the present investigation is to get an answer to the question whether Norwegians are better at understanding Nordic varieties relative to linguistic distances than Danes. If it is indeed the case that Norwegians have more language awareness, we would expect them to be better than Danes at understanding varieties with the same linguistic distance to their native variety. Our results show that Norwegians are generally better at understanding Nordic language varieties than Danes are. However, this can be explained by linguistic distances and knowledge of the lan- guage varieties in the test. No evidence was found for more general language awareness among Norwegians than among Danes. Keywords: receptive multilingualism, Scandinavian, L3, language awareness, lin- guistic distances *Corresponding author: Charlotte Gooskens: University of Groningen, The Netherlands. -
Uva-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Reconstructing the obstruents of Proto-Germanic Perridon, H. Publication date 2008 Document Version Final published version Published in Evidence and counter-evidence: essays in honour of Frederik Kortlandt. - Vol. 1: Balto-Slavic and Indo-European linguistics Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Perridon, H. (2008). Reconstructing the obstruents of Proto-Germanic. In A. Lubotsky, J. Schaeken, & J. Wiedenhof (Eds.), Evidence and counter-evidence: essays in honour of Frederik Kortlandt. - Vol. 1: Balto-Slavic and Indo-European linguistics (pp. 415-429). (Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics; No. 32). Rodopi. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:01 Oct 2021 &WJEFODFÛBOEÛ$PVOUFS&WJEFODF Û'FTUTDISJGUÛ'SFEFSJLÛ,PSUMBOEU Û7PMVNFÛ 44(-Û Û"NTUFSEBNÛÛ/FXÛ:PSLÛ3PEPQJ Û Û RECONSTRUCTING THE OBSTRUENTS OF PROTO-GERMANIC HARRY PERRIDON It is generally assumed that PIE had at least three series of stops, which traditionally (e.g. -
Scandinavia After the Fall of the Kalmar Union: a Study in Scandinavian Relations, 1523-1536
Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 2007-07-10 Scandinavia After the Fall of the Kalmar Union: A Study in Scandinavian Relations, 1523-1536 Kenneth Steffensen Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the History Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Steffensen, Kenneth, "Scandinavia After the Fall of the Kalmar Union: A Study in Scandinavian Relations, 1523-1536" (2007). Theses and Dissertations. 1009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1009 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. SCANDINAVIA AFTER THE FALL OF THE KALMAR UNION: A STUDY OF SCANDINAVIAN RELATIONS, 1523-1536 By Kenneth Steffensen A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Department of History Brigham Young University July 2007 1 Copyright © Kenneth Steffensen All Rights Reserved 2 BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERISTY GRADUATE COMMITTEE APPROVAL of a thesis submitted by Kenneth Steffensen This thesis has been read by each member of the following graduate committee and by majority vote has been found to be satisfactory. ________________________ ______________________________ Date Donald J. Harreld, Chair ________________________ ______________________________ -
Our Tropical Home Danish ’Empire Migrants’ in the U.S
Our Tropical Home Danish ’Empire Migrants’ in the U.S. Virgin Islands, 1917-1945 Pernille Østergaard Hansen Thesis submitted for assessment with a view to obtaining the degree of Doctor of History and Civilization of the European University Institute Florence, 10 May 2017 European University Institute Department of History and Civilization Our Tropical Home Danish ’Empire Migrants’ in the U.S. Virgin Islands, 1917-1945 Pernille Østergaard Hansen Thesis submitted for assessment with a view to obtaining the degree of Doctor of History and Civilization of the European University Institute Examining Board Professor Jorge Flores, European University Institute (Supervisor) Professor Corinna Unger, European University Institute Professor Stewart Ward, University of Copenhagen Professor Robert Bickers, University of Bristol © Pernille Østergaard Hansen, 2016 No part of this thesis may be copied, reproduced or transmitted without prior permission of the author Researcher declaration to accompany the submission of written work Department of History and Civilization - Doctoral Programme I Pernille Østergaard Hansen certify that I am the author of the work Our Tropical Home I have presented for examination for the Ph.D. at the European University Institute. I also certify that this is solely my own original work, other than where I have clearly indicated, in this declaration and in the thesis, that it is the work of others. I warrant that I have obtained all the permissions required for using any material from other copyrighted publications. I certify that this work complies with the Code of Ethics in Academic Research issued by the European University Institute (IUE 332/2/10 (CA 297). -
Media Companies and Business Activities 2009
N O R D I C M E D I A T R E N D S 1 1 The Nordic Media Market Denmark · Finland · Iceland · Norway · Sweden Media Companies and Business Activities 2009 Compiled by Eva Harrie N O R D I C O M 2 0 0 9 Nordic Media Trends 11 The Nordic Media Market 2009. Media companies and Business Activities Second edition (pdf only) COMPILED BY: Eva HARRIE COUNTRY CONTRIBUTIONS: Tuomo SAURI (Statistics Finland), Ragnar KARLSSON (Statistics Iceland), Nina BJØRNSTAD and Liv Mari BAKKE (medianorway), Ulrika FACHT and Staffan SUNDIN (Nordicom-Sweden), The Media Secretariat (Denmark) © Nordicom, University of Gothenburg ISSN 1401-0410 PUBLISHED IN 2009 BY: NORDICOM University of Gothenburg P O Box 713 SE 405 30 GÖTEBORG Sweden www.nordicom.gu.se EDITOR NORDIC MEDIA TRENDS: Ulla CARLSSON COVER BY: Roger PALMQVIst Contents Introduction 5 The Nordicom Network, Nordic Media Trends 6 Staffan Sundin Media Ownership in the Nordic Countries. Current Trends 7 Statistics 1. The Nordic Media Market 15 2. The Media Newspapers 35 Magazines 57 Radio 69 Television 87 Internet 111 3. The International Media Market 121 4. Demographic & Economic Data 125 Media Market Analyses A Presentation of the Authors 130 The Newspaper Market 132 The Magazine Market 146 The Radio Market 159 The Television Market 171 References 191 Introduction Eva Harrie The Nordic Media Market 2009 is the eleventh publica- assumed strong positions on the web. Fusions and tion in the Nordic Media Trends series, which docu- acquisitions are another strategy for retaining market ments and describes developments in the media sector.