IΔΡΥΜA ΜΕΙΖΟΝΟΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΜΟΥ Συγγραφή : Ballesteros Pastor Luis Μετάφραση : Ballesteros Pastor Luis Για παραπομπή : Ballesteros Pastor Luis , "Mithridates V Euergetes", Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Μείζονος Ελληνισμού, Κωνσταντινούπολη URL:

Περίληψη : Mithridates V Euergetes (ruled between 152/1 and probably 121 B.C.). King of Pontus and father of Mithridates VI Eupator. Άλλα Ονόματα Mithradates V Euergetes Τόπος και Χρόνος Γέννησης Beginning of second century B.C. - Amaseia or Sinop Τόπος και Χρόνος Θανάτου probably 121 B.C. Κύρια Ιδιότητα King of Pontus

1. Birth-Family

Mithridates V Evergetes was born in Amaseia(Amasya) or Sinope (Sinop). He was the son of Pharnaces I and Nysa, sister of Demetrius I of Syria. His wife, Laodice, has been identified as a daughter of Antiochus IV Epiphanes.1 He was the father of Mithridates VI Eupator.

2. Biography

Mithridates V ruled between 152/1 and probably 121 B.C. and his reign represented an important step towards the hellenization of the Kingdom of Pontus. He moved the capital from Amaseia to the Greek city of Sinope and he organized the court following the hellenistic model, with a council (synedrion) and associates (friends) of Greek origin, like Dorilaus the Tactician, an ancestor of Strabo,2 whose task was to recruit mercenaries in Greece and Crete.

His foreign policy aimed at strengtheing his links with Greece. For this reason, he gave donations to Delos and Athens, where he was honoured.3 In regard to the relations with Rome, Mithridates presented himself as a loyal ally, assisting Rome with ships during the Third Punic War. He also fought with the Romans in the war against Aristonicus. After this war (129 B.C.), Mithridates received as reward the territory of Great Phrygia, which Rome recovered after the death of its king. This gift was probably the result of bribery from the King of Pontus to Manius Aquilius, the consul who defeated Aristonicus.4

Mithridates undertook an expansionist policy in the bordering kingdoms. In Cappadocia, the marriage between his daughter Laodice and Ariarathes VI would have aimed to establish a Pontic control over this kingdom. It has been suggested that this marriage would have been imposed by an invasion of Cappadocia by Euergetes, taking advantage of the anarchy after the death of Ariarathes V9 (around 130 B.C.). Mithridates VI claimed that Paphlagonia had been given as heritage to his father by Pylaemenes, its last ruler.

3. Death-Evaluation

The causes of Mithridates' death remain uncertain. We can only confirm of a plot inside the court, after which a period of chaos might have followed, especially when some of the former king's associates went into exile.5 As Dorylaus was one of the exiled, it has been supposed that the plot was by the iranian aristocracy against the philhellenism of the ruler.6 There are no proofs that Rome was the instigator of Euergetes' murder. Laodice remained the regent of the young princes, Mithridates Eupator and his brother Chrestus.

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The reign of Mithridates V Euergetes shows the characteristics which will flourish under the reign of Eupator. The good relations with the Greek world as well as with Rome, and the increasing of its dominions, show how the Pontic kingdom was a firmly established power in Anatolia and the Black Sea.

1. Just.38.7.1.

2. Strabo 10.4.10. Durrbach, F., Choix d'inscriptions de Délos, Paris 1921-1922, n. 100.

3. Durrbach, F., Choix d'inscriptions de Délos, Paris 1921-1922, n. 99. ID 1559, 1560-74. Robert, L., Tétradrachmes de Mithridate VI Évergete, roi du Pont, Journal des Savants 1978, p. 151-163.

4. Gell. NA 11.10.4. Liv. Per. 70. App. BC 1.22, Mith.57, cf. 12.

5. Strabo 10.4.10. cf. Just. 37.1.6.

6. His son, Eupator, must have face plots in this same sense (cf. Just. 37.3.4 7). Portanova, J.J., The Associates of Mithridates VI of Pontus, Diss. University of Columbia 1988, pp.560ff.

Βιβλιογραφία : McGing B.C., The Foreign Policy of Mithridates VI Eupator, King of Pontus, Leiden 1986, Mnemosyne Supplement 89

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