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2015 Annual Report i Onondaga County Department of Water Environment Protection VISION To be a respected leader in wastewater treatment, stormwater management, and the protection of our environment using state of-the-art, innovative technologies and sound scientific principles as our guide. MISSION To protect and improve the water environment of Onondaga County in a cost-effective manner ensuring the health and sustainability of our community and economy. CORE VALUES Excellence Teamwork Honesty Innovation Cost-Effectiveness Safety http://www.savetherain.us Onondaga County Department of Water Environment Protection February 2017 2015 Ambient Monitoring Program ii Final ONONDAGA LAKE AMBIENT MONITORING PROGRAM 2015 ANNUAL REPORT ONONDAGA COUNTY, NEW YORK Final,February 2017 Prepared for ONONDAGA COUNTY, NEW YORK Prepared by Upstate Freshwater Institute Onondaga County Department of Water Syracuse, NY Environment Protection Syracuse, NY EcoLogic Lars Rudstam, Ph.D. Cazenovia, NY Cornell Biological Field Station Bridgeport, NY Anchor QEA, LLC Liverpool, NY Onondaga County Department of Water Environment Protection February 2017 2015 Ambient Monitoring Program iii Final Key Features of this Report The 2015 report is distributed as an electronic file in portable document format (PDF), which can be opened using Adobe Reader. Key results and supporting tables and graphics are included in the main document, with links to additional tables, technical reports, and graphics in electronic appendices. The report and supporting files are available on the Onondaga County web site http://www.ongov.net/wep. Throughout the document the reader will find hyperlinks marked in bright blue, which provide easy access to other sections of the report (e.g., figures, tables) as well as external links to web pages and email addresses. Users navigate to external resources by simply left-clicking on the hyperlink. For web links, the users default web browser will load and navigate to the selected web site. When finished viewing the web site, the user simply closes the web browser leaving the report open at the previous location. When the user first selects a web link, a security warning menu will appear: “Do you trust (domain name here)? If you trust the site choose Allow. If you do not trust the site choose Block”. The user will need to select the Allow button if they wish to display the web page. Left-clicking on email addresses will cause the users email program to open. After composing an email message, click the Send button and the email will be sent and the report will remain open at the previous location. For links to appendices, Adobe Reader will launch and open a copy of the selected appendix in PDF format. When finished viewing the appendix, simply close the PDF window, leaving the main report open at the previous location. Navigation to and from internal links in the main Report PDF is very simple. The user simply clicks on the hyperlink marked in bright blue to move to the bookmarked position in the document. The user can return to their previous position in the report by selecting the Previous View on the Page Navigation toolbar, or by pressing the Alt key and left arrow key at the same time. Users can follow the instructions below to activate the Page Navigation toolbar in Adobe Reader. To turn on the Page Navigation toolbar simply select the Show/Hide option on the View menu in Adobe Reader. Select the Toolbar Items option of the Show/Hide menu. Next select the Page Navigation option from the Toolbar Item menu. Finally, select Show All Page Navigation Tools from the Page Navigation menu. These steps are captured below in the picture of the report opened in Adobe Reader. Onondaga County Department of Water Environment Protection February 2017 2015 Ambient Monitoring Program iv Final The following Page Navigation tool bar will appear at the top of the Adobe reader directly under the menu bar and existing tool bars. menu existing tool bar Page Navigation tool bar Previous View button The Previous View button on the Page Navigation toolbar is shown above. Alternatively, users can return to their previous location in the report by pressing the Alt key and left arrow key at the same time. While each hyperlink has been checked, it is possible that some features will not be enabled on every computer’s operating system. Feedback on the functionality of the electronic features of the document is welcome. Please contact [email protected] with comments. Onondaga County Department of Water Environment Protection February 2017 2015 Ambient Monitoring Program v Final This page intentionally left blank Onondaga County Department of Water Environment Protection February 2017 2015 Ambient Monitoring Program vi Final Table of Contents KEY FEATURES OF THIS REPORT ....................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................ xiii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................... 1 Section 1. Introduction to the AMP ..................................................................................... 13 1.1 Regulatory Requirements ..................................................................................................... 13 1.2 Classification and Designated Best Use ................................................................................ 13 1.3 AMP Objectives and Design .................................................................................................. 20 1.4 Amended Consent Judgment Milestones ............................................................................ 26 1.5 Use of Metrics to Measure and Report Progress ................................................................. 28 Section 2. Onondaga Lake and its Watershed ...................................................................... 35 2.1 Watershed Size and Hydrology ............................................................................................ 35 2.2 Land Use ............................................................................................................................... 36 2.3 Morphometry ....................................................................................................................... 38 Section 3. Onondaga County Actions and Progress with Related Initiatives ......................... 41 3.1 Onondaga County Projects and Milestones ......................................................................... 41 3.2 Progress with Related Initiatives .......................................................................................... 55 Section 4. Tributary Water Quality: 2015 Results and Long-Term Trends ............................. 57 4.1 Tributary Monitoring Program ............................................................................................. 57 4.2 Meteorological Drivers and Streamflow .............................................................................. 58 4.3 Loading Estimates ................................................................................................................. 62 4.3.1 Methodology ................................................................................................................... 62 4.3.2 Results for Key Constituents ........................................................................................... 62 4.3.3 Phosphorus Loading and Bioavailability .......................................................................... 68 4.4 Metro Performance .............................................................................................................. 72 4.5 Prohibited Combined and Sanitary Sewer Overflows .......................................................... 78 4.6 Compliance with Ambient Water Quality Standards ........................................................... 79 4.7 Long-Term Trends ................................................................................................................. 85 4.8 Post Construction Compliance Monitoring Program (PCCM) .............................................. 91 4.8.1 Overview of the PCCM Program...................................................................................... 91 4.8.2 The 2015 PCCM Program ................................................................................................ 92 4.8.3 2015 PCCM Results .......................................................................................................... 96 4.8.3.1 PCCM Event 1 Onondaga Creek – May 18, 2015 ......................................................... 96 4.8.3.2 PCCM Event 1 Harbor Brook – June 8, 2015 .............................................................. 102 Onondaga County Department of Water Environment Protection February 2017 2015 Ambient Monitoring Program vii Final 4.8.3.3 Summary of 2015 PCCM Results ................................................................................ 106 4.9 Microbial Source Trackdown Study 2015 ........................................................................... 108 4.10 2015 Macroinvertebrate Monitoring ................................................................................. 111 Section 5. Onondaga Lake Water Quality:
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