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Informe Anual De Defensa, Aeronáutica Y Espacio Informe Anual De Espacio C/ Monte Esquinza, 30 - 6º Izq www.tedae.org 2 011 space annual report Asociación Española de Empresas Tecnológicas informe anual de Defensa, Aeronáutica y Espacio informe anual de espacio C/ Monte Esquinza, 30 - 6º izq. de espacio 28010 Madrid - Tel. 91 702 18 10 [email protected] space ANNUAL REPORT 2 011 Producido y Editado | Produced & Published Comisión ProEspacio de TEDAE Asociación Española de Empresas Tecnológicas de Defensa, Aeronáutica y Espacio ProEspacio Commission of TEDAE Spanish Association of Technological Defense, Aeronautics and Space Companies Coordinador | Coordinator César Ramos Colaboradores | Contributors Marcia Arizaga, Ismael Gómez, Francisco Lechón, Oihana Casas, Pedro J. Schoch, Juan L. Sánchez Zapata, Laura Cardona, Francesc Gallart, Javier Martínez, Ricardo Díaz, Juan Francisco Nebrera, Antonio Tovar, Germán Lasa, Ismael López, Alejandro Miranda, Marco Caparrini, Francisco Gutiérrez y Araceli Serrano Arte y Diseño | Art & Design Expomark | www.expomark.es Dirección de arte | Art Director Ismael Sánchez de la Blanca Reservados todos los derechos. No se permite reproducir, almacenar en sistemas de recuperación de la información ni transmitir alguna parte de esta publicación, cualquiera que sea el medio empleado (electrónico, mecánico, fotocopia, grabación...) sin el permiso previo de los titulares de los derechos de la propiedad intelectual. All rights reserved. It is not allowed to reproduce, to store in recovery systems of the information nor to transmit some part of this publication, whatever the way employed (electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording...) without the previous permission of the holders of the rights of the intellectual property. www.tedae.org informe anual de espacio space ANNUAL REPORT www.tedae.org informe de gestión 01 MANAGEMENT REPORT Informe de 01 Gestión n 2011 celebramos el cincuenta aniversario del primer Informe anual vuelo tripulado al espacio. El cosmonauta ruso Yuri Gaga- ANNUAL REPORT Erin completó una órbita alrededor de la Tierra a una altitud de 315 kilómetros. Fue un vuelo que duró 108 minutos. Sin duda, uno de los mayores hitos en la corta historia del espacio y uno de los grandes símbolos de la carrera espacial. Cinco meses después del vuelo orbital de Yuri Gaga- Nunca rin, la Estación Espacial de Maspalomas en Gran Ca- antes la industria naria llevó a cabo su primer seguimiento operacional española ha estado tan capacitada a la misión no tripulada Mercury MA-4. Cincuenta años más tarde, la industria espacial es- pañola está en su apogeo. España se sumó a la carrera espacial desde sus inicios y siempre ha evolucionado en para- lelo al ritmo de sus socios europeos en el ámbito de la Agencia Espacial Europea (ESA). Nunca antes la industria española ha estado tan capacitada. 1: Yuri Gagarin a bordo de la Vostok 2: Estación Espacial de Maspalomas - ESA 3: Ingenieros trabajando en un laboratorio de detección óptica 1: Yuri Gagarin on board the Vostok spacecraft 2: Space station in Maspalomas - ESA 3: Engineers working in an optical detection laboratory 1 2 3 Página 8 The Spanish In 2011, we celebrated the 50th anniversary of the first man- industry had never ned space flight. The Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin comple- been so qualified ted an orbit around the Earth at an altitude of 315 kilometers. before The flight lasted 108 minutes. Undoubtedly, this is one the ma- jor milestones in the short history of space and one of the great symbols of the space race. Five months after Yuri Gagarin’s orbital flight, the Maspalo- mas Space Station in Gran Canaria conducted its first operatio- nal follow-up to the Mercury MA-4 unmanned mission. Fifty years later, the Spanish space industry is at its height. Spain joined the space race at its inception and has always evol- ved in parallel and at the pace of its European partners, within the scope of the European Space Agency (ESA). The Spanish in- dustry had never been so qualified before. 01 informe de gestión www.tedae.org 01 Mars Science Laboratory ATV Johannes Kepler Espectrómetro Magnético Alpha Uno de los mejores ejemplos de las El 16 de febrero Arianespace llevó El 16 de mayo el transbordador capacidades de la industria española a cabo su lanzamiento número 200 Endeavour llevó a la ISS el Espec- ocurrió el 26 de noviembre, cuando para poner en órbita al ATV Johannes trómetro Magnético Alpha (AMS-02), partió la misión Mars Science Labo- Kepler. Se trataba del segundo Vehí- uno de los experimentos científicos ratory rumbo a Marte. Esta misión culo Automatizado de Transferencia más ambiciosos jamás llevados a llevó hasta el planeta rojo al rover de la ESA y era la carga más pesada cabo en el espacio. El experimen- Curiosity con dos equipos a bordo di- llevada por Europa al espacio hasta la to utiliza un imán permanente de señados y fabricados en España. Uno fecha. Europa contribuye al uso de la 1,2 toneladas que genera un campo es la estación medioambiental REMS Estación Espacial Internacional (ISS) magnético 4.000 veces más intenso que permite medir y estudiar las con- con los vehículos ATV. Estos vehículos que el de la Tierra. El objetivo del diciones medioambientales de Marte. permiten llevar a la ISS suministros, AMS-02 es estudiar los rayos cósmi- El otro es una antena de alta ganancia combustible e instrumentos cientí- cos de alta energía en busca de prue- con su mecanismo de apuntamiento ficos de manera automatizada. Ade- bas que confirmen la existencia de la que permite la comunicación directa más de la función logística, el ATV se antimateria y de la materia oscura. con la Tierra. Además, parte de las usa para impulsar y elevar la órbita comunicaciones del rover con la Tie- de la ISS y contrarrestar el paulatino España ha contribuido al AMS-02 rra se gestionan por españoles desde efecto de la gravedad y el rozamiento con el Contador de Radiación Che- el Centro de Espacio Profundo de la que sufre al orbitar entre 300 y 400 renkov (RICH) y con un sistema elec- NASA en Robledo de Chavela, Madrid. kilómetros de altura. trónico de control de un imán su- Curiosity es el vehículo de exploración perconductor, que era una opción marciana más grande y más avanza- España es un actor muy importante contemplada en el diseño inicial del do de la historia. La participación es- en ATV. Los equipos electrónicos que espectrómetro. Gracias al apoyo del pañola en esta misión fue financiada gestionan las comunicaciones entre Centro de Investigaciones Energéti- gracias a un programa bilateral del la nave y la ISS, los transpondedores, cas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico el aprovisionamiento de los com- (CIEMAT), el CDTI y al Plan Nacional de Industrial (CDTI) con el Jet Propulsion ponentes, el software de vuelo y los Ciencia y Tecnología, científicos espa- Laboratory (JPL) de la NASA. algoritmos de la maniobra de acer- ñoles tienen la oportunidad de estu- camiento y atraque, son responsabili- diar las características de los compo- La misión de exploración de Marte dad de empresas españolas. También nentes de la radiación cósmica. y su participación española han lo- es español el sistema de separación grado una gran repercusión mediá- del ATV del lanzador, que es el más tica, pero han sido muchos más los grande hecho nunca en Europa. acontecimientos destacables de 2011. Página MARS SCIENCE LABORATORY ATV JOHANNES KEPLER ALPHA MAGNETIC SPECTROMETER 9 One of the best examples of the Spanish On February 16th, Arianespace carried out On May 16th, the shuttle Endeavour carried industry capabilities occurred on November its 200th launch to put into orbit the ATV Jo- the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) 26th, when the Mars Science Laboratory left hannes Kepler. It was the second Automated to the ISS, one of the most ambitious scienti- for Mars. This mission led the rover Curiosity Transfer Vehicle of the ESA and it was the fic experiments ever conducted in space. The to the red planet with two payloads embarked heaviest load brought into space by Europe experiment uses a permanent magnet of 1.2 onboard which had been designed and manu- so far. Europe contributes to the use of the tons which generates a magnetic field 4,000 factured in Spain. One is the REMS weather International Space Station (ISS) with ATV times more intense than the Earth magnetic station that allows measuring and studying the vehicles. These vehicles carry supplies, fuel field. The objective of AMS-02 is to study high environmental conditions on Mars. The other and scientific instruments to the ISS in an au- energy cosmic rays, in search of evidence one is a high gain antenna with its pointing tomated manner. Besides its logistic function, confirming the existence of antimatter and mechanism allowing direct communication the ATV is used to propel and raise the orbit of dark matter. with the Earth. In addition, part of the rover the ISS, and counteract the gradual effect of communications with the Earth is managed by the gravity and friction suffered when orbiting Spain has contributed to the AMS-02 with Spaniards from the NASA Deep Space Center at a range of altitudes between 300 and 400 the Cherenkov Radiation Counter (RICH) and in Robledo de Chavela, Madrid. Curiosity is kilometers. an electronic control system of a supercon- the largest and most advanced Martian ex- ductor magnet, which was an option consi- ploration vehicle in history. The Spanish par- Spain is a very important player in ATV. dered in the initial design of the spectrometer. ticipation in this mission was funded through Spanish companies are responsible for the Thanks to the support of the Research Cen- a bilateral program of the Center for Industrial electronic equipment that manages commu- ter for Energy, Environment and Technology Technological Development (CDTI) and the nications between the spacecraft and the (CIEMAT), the CDTI and the National Plan for NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).
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