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Sviatoslav Dmitriev the Theoric Fund, the Athenian Finance in the 330S
Sviatoslav Dmitriev The Theoric Fund, the Athenian fi nance in the 330s, and Apollodorus Abstract This article examines the history and role of the Theoric Fund in Athens, focusing on evidence and arguments in the long-running debate about whether a legal prohibition existed against channeling the surplus budget money designated for the Theoric Fund to military purposes. The argument here is that Libanius’ reference to this prohibition as being enforced by the death penalty for at least some time in the 340s cannot simply be rejected by adducing the evidence about either the proposal to have a public vote on diverting this money for military purposes, as was moved by Apollodorus in the early 340s, or the way in which the Theoric Fund operated in the 330s and 320s. Quite a lot has been written about the Theoric Fund, whose main declared purpose was to distribute money for public entertainment to qualifi ed Athe- nians, primarily for two reasons: the contested dating of its establishment, and the uncertainty about whether there existed a prohibition on diverting its money for other purposes. The foundation of the Theoric Fund is variously attributed to Pericles, to Agyrrhius in the early fourth century, or, according to the ma- jority opinion, to Diophantus and Eubulus in the mid-350s.1 Pinpointing the exact date of its establishment might not be as important as some think, since it is likely that the Fund, and the very idea of fi nancing public entertainment, evolved over time, paralleling the progress of Athenian democracy, which is 1 Pericles: Schol. -
Sacred Mushrooms of the Goddess and the Secrets of Eleusis
In memory of Blaise Daniel Staples, my companion and soul mate. He is dearly missed. PREFACE by Huston Smith WHEN I WAS ABOUT TO PUBLISH Cleansing the Doors of Perception: The Religious Significance of Entheogenic Plants and Chemicals, there were those who advised me not to do so, saying that it would destroy my reputation. Time has proved them wrong. As the religious significance of these substances comes to be increasingly accepted—the glaring exception being the Food and Drug Administration—the sales of that book (favorably reviewed from the beginning) continue to rise. As does my conviction of the importance of the issue, and I will say why. The great achievement of the linguist Noam Chomsky, who was my colleague during the fifteen years I taught at MIT, was to discover the universal grammar that every spoken language–– English, Chinese, French, whatever––must conform to, for it seems to be imprinted into the human brain. I, for my part, have worked out the universal grammar of religion to which authentic religions conform. Reduced to a single sentence, that grammar concludes that Reality is Perfect, and that human beings should do their best to conform their lives to that perfection. Reality’s perfection seems to be contradicted by perception of the world, but this is not surprising, for Reality is Infinite and our minds are not. Out minds must expand if they are to receive even glimpses of the Infinite Perfection. Thus the question is: how can they do this? Perfect Reality has provided a way. Through the entheogens, to be sure, but here we come to a point that has been under-noticed in the discussion of this important subject. -
The Making of a Prostitute: Apollodoros's Portrait Of
Apollodoros’s Portrait of Neaira 161 THE MAKING OF A PROSTITUTE: APOLLODOROS’S PORTRAIT OF NEAIRA1 ALLISON GLAZEBROOK Apollodoros’s account of the life of Neaira ([Demosthenes] 59.16–49) is the most extensive narrative extant on a historical woman from the classical period. The recent publication of Debra Hamel’s book, Trying Neaira: The True Story of a Courtesan’s Scandalous Life in Ancient Greece (2003), has made the famous speech against Neaira and its recent scholarship accessible to a popular audience. The strength of Hamel’s work lies in the political, legal, and social context she provides for the speech, along with her ques- tioning of the various claims Apollodoros makes about Neaira’s “children” and her conclusion that he never proves beyond a doubt that Neaira has been acting as Stephanos’s wife. But does Apollodoros offer “the true story” of Neaira’s life as a courtesan, as Hamel’s title so boldly claims?2 The narrative detail of the speech and the testimony of witnesses convince Hamel (2003.156) that Apollodoros accurately portrays the events of Neaira’s early life. While one function of such witnesses was to attest to the veracity of a speaker’s comments, as in the modern day, their second 1A version of this paper was originally presented at the APA annual meeting in San Diego (2001). I would like to thank the audience for their lively discussion and helpful response, as well as Susan Cole, for her many suggestions, and my anonymous readers whose comments proved most fruitful. 2There is an assumption that oratory is a more objective source of evidence on women than other genres (Pomeroy 1975.x–xi). -
Mystery Cults and the Polis of Athens Amended
Mystery Cults and the Polis of Athens: A Reading of Bakchai and Frogs [Volume One of One] Submitted by Luigi Barzini to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Classics. [May 2019] This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signed: 1 Abstract This work is dedicated to a comparative study of Euripides’ Bakchai and Aristophanes’ Frogs (also “the plays”) in their religious, historical and political context and in particular in their connection with mystery cults. Aristophanes had his comedy Frogs performed at the Lenaia festival in the winter of 405. The son of Euripides had his father’s tragedy Bakchai produced at the Great Dionysia at some point after Euripides’ death, possibly in the spring of the same year 405. The two plays have several points in common: the protagonist, the god Dionysos; they are both rich in themes, motifs and images connected with the initiation cults of Dionysos (in Bakchai) and those of Demeter (in Frogs); the choruses have the same role on stage as they have in their cultic reality in the theatre, worshippers of the deity; the two plays were awarded the first prize. This thesis is dedicated to exploring the plays in their Athenian religious and socio-political context, a theme largely ignored by classical scholars. -
Designing Women: Aristophanes' Lysistrata
Aristophanes’ Lysistrata 37 DESIGNING WOMEN: ARISTOPHANES’ LYSISTRATA AND THE “HETAIRIZATION” OF THE GREEK WIFE* SARAH CULPEPPER STROUP INTRODUCTION Aristophanes’ Lysistrata is a comedy of political and sexual negotiation and of what happens when complementary but distinct spheres of social interaction—the polis and the oikos, the public and the private—are torn apart and turned inside-out by protracted and seemingly ineluctable warfare. Produced, most probably, at the Lenaia of 411,1 this unusually topical drama offers an alluring reversal of the more standard comic representation of female sexuality as implicitly destructive to the civic body, forging in its place a fantasy world in which strictly proscribed sexual negotiation might * Various drafts of this article have benefited greatly from the criticisms and advice of numerous readers. I am indebted to, among others, Ruby Blondell, Mary LeBlanc, and two especially helpful anonymous readers for Arethusa. Thanks are due also to Jeffrey Henderson and Christopher Faraone, who forwarded to me manuscript versions of their own work on the topic, and to Andrew Stewart and Christopher Hallet, for their generous help with my use of the visual material. Any errors that remain are my own and should not be credited to my kind and conscientious readers. 1 A secure dating for this drama is difficult. As Henderson 1987.xv–xviii argues, however, the internal evidence of the play—the attitudes, assumptions, and arguments of the characters—in addition to the evidence given in the eighth book of Thukydides (though admittedly problematic in chronology at some places) will support a date of 411. For fuller discussions of dating, see Sommerstein 1977 and Westlake 1980. -
Sozial Versus Politisch: Divergierende Rollenbilder Citizenship in Action
Sozial versus Politisch: divergierende Rollenbilder Citizenship in Action: „Reading“ Sacrifice in Classical Athens* Josine H. Blok „It was we, men of Athens, who made Charidemos a citizen, and by that gift bestowed upon him a share in our hiera kai hosia, in our legal traditions, and in everything in which we ourselves participate.“ With these words, Demosthenes summarised what it meant to be a citizen of Athens. „A share in the hiera and hosia“ was no wording of his own, but a stock phrase, used frequently in discourse about citizenship. Being an Athenaios or Athenaia, a citizen of Athens, entitled one to participation in the hiera and hosia of the city. And one could only be a citizen if born in an Athenian oikos, unless one was literally naturalised – changed to the condition as if one was born an Athenian and thus made a citizen (dêmopoiêtos). Considering that birth from two Athenian parents was the normal prerequisite for citizenship, it should come as no surprise that both men and women were counted as citizens, even if their respective roles in public and private life were different. Participation in the hiera and hosia of the polis concomitantly applied to male and female citizens alike. Conversely, by participating in the hiera and hosia, a citizen could demonstrate that he or she was a citizen. In this way, membership of the polis was put into practice. * I am grateful to Christian Mann for inviting me to the conference at Freiburg i. Br. in Novem- ber 006, and to Stephen Lambert for continuous discussions, in particular for his comments on a concise version of this essay for the Festschrift for Herman Brijder (Blok 008, in press). -
"Women in Herodotus' "Histories"."
_________________________________________________________________________Swansea University E-Theses "Women in Herodotus' "Histories"." Georgiou, Irene-Evangelia How to cite: _________________________________________________________________________ Georgiou, Irene-Evangelia (2002) "Women in Herodotus' "Histories".". thesis, Swansea University. http://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43005 Use policy: _________________________________________________________________________ This item is brought to you by Swansea University. Any person downloading material is agreeing to abide by the terms of the repository licence: copies of full text items may be used or reproduced in any format or medium, without prior permission for personal research or study, educational or non-commercial purposes only. The copyright for any work remains with the original author unless otherwise specified. The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holder. Permission for multiple reproductions should be obtained from the original author. Authors are personally responsible for adhering to copyright and publisher restrictions when uploading content to the repository. Please link to the metadata record in the Swansea University repository, Cronfa (link given in the citation reference above.) http://www.swansea.ac.uk/library/researchsupport/ris-support/ Women in H erodotus’ H is t o r ie s Irene-Evangelia Georgiou Submitted to the University of Wales in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Wales Swansea 2 0 0 2 ProQuest Number: 10821395 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. -
Deborah Kamen
Deborah Kamen Chair, Department of Classics· University of Washington· Box 353110· Seattle WA 98195· [email protected] Employment Professor of Classics, University of Washington, Seattle 2020– Adjunct Professor of Gender, Women & Sexuality Studies 2020– Associate Professor of Classics, University of Washington, Seattle 2013–2020 Adjunct Associate Professor of Gender, Women & Sexuality Studies 2016–2020 Assistant Professor of Classics, University of Washington, Seattle 2007–2013 Mellon Post-Doctoral Fellow, Stanford University 2005–2007 Education University of California, Berkeley, Ph.D. Classics 2005 University of California, Berkeley, M.A. Greek 2000 New College, Oxford University, M.St. Greek History 1999 Bryn Mawr College, B.A. Classical Languages, magna cum laude 1998 Intercollegiate Center for Classical Studies, Rome Spring 1997 Dissertation Conceptualizing Manumission in Ancient Greece Committee: Leslie Kurke (chair), Ronald Stroud, David Cohen, Marianne Constable Teaching and Research Interests Greek prose, especially Attic oratory; Greek cultural and social history; Greek and Roman slavery; Gender and sexuality in antiquity Publications Books Forthcoming Greek Slavery (de Gruyter; under contract) 2020 Insults in Classical Athens (University of Wisconsin) 2013 Status in Classical Athens (Princeton; paperback 2019) Edited volume 2021 Slavery and Sexuality in Classical Antiquity (with C. W. Marshall) (University of Wisconsin) Commentaries 2018 Pseudo-Demosthenes: Against Neaira (Dickinson Classical Commentaries) 2000 Isaeus’ Orations 2 and 6 (Bryn Mawr Commentaries) Articles and chapters 2018 “The Consequences of Laughter in Aeschines’ Against Timarchos,” Archimède 5: 49-56 2016 “Manumission and Slave-Allowances in Classical Athens,” Historia 65.4: 413-426 2015 “Lusty Ladies in the Roman Imaginary” (with S. Levin-Richardson), in R. Blondell and K. -
Metics and Identity in Democratic Athens
METICS AND IDENTITY IN DEMOCRATIC ATHENS By MATTHEW JOHN KEARS A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Institute of Archaeology and Antiquity College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham March 2013 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis investigates the metics, or resident aliens, in democratic Athens and how they affected ideas of identity, with a particular focus on the fourth century BC. It looks at definitions of the metics and how the restrictions and obligations which marked their status operated; how these affected their lives and their image, in their own eyes and those of the Athenians; how the Athenians erected and maintained a boundary of status and identity between themselves and the metics, in theory and in practice; and how individuals who crossed this boundary could present themselves and be characterised, especially in the public context of the lawcourts. The argument is that the metics served as a contradiction of and challenge to Athenian ideas about who they were and what made them different from others. -
Completed Dissertation
The Performance of Identity in Classical Athens by Allison J. Kemmerle A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Greek and Roman History) in The University of Michigan 2019 Doctoral Committee: Professor Sara Forsdyke, Chair Associate Professor Ian Moyer Associate Professor Rachel Neis Professor Celia Schultz Assistant Professor Donald Sells Allison J. Kemmerle [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0517-550X DEDICATION To Sara, Christine, and Rachel, φίλταται φίλαι. And most especially to my mother—I’m proud to be your daughter. 'ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation was completed with help from grants given by the Interdepartmental Program in Greek and Roman History, the Eisenberg Institute for Historical Studies, and the Sweetland Dissertation Writing Institute at the University of Michigan. 'iii TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS iii ABSTRACT vii CHAPTERS I. Introduction 1 Thesis statement 1 Identifying groups 6 Performances of civic identity 13 Performance studies 20 Summary of chapters 24 II. Citizen Status in Classical Athens 27 Introduction 27 Modern scholarship 30 The Athenian identification process: a brief definition 35 Relatives 38 Phratries 48 Demes 56 iv' The genos and orgeones 66 Conclusion 72 III. Adoption in the Athenian Identification Process 75 Introduction 75 Procedures of adoption in Classical Athens 78 Modern scholarship 81 The estates of Menecles and of Apollodorus 88 Conclusion 104 IV. Neaira and Phano: Attacks on Women’s Citizenship in Classical Athens 107 Introduction 107 Scholarship on the citizen status of women 110 The ideal woman: Xenophon’s wife 115 Neaira 120 Phano 138 Conclusion 153 V. -
“If I Am from Megara.” Introduction to the Local Discourse Environment of an Ancient Greek City-State
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Open Access-Zeitschriften an der WWU Münster (Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität) Chapter 1 HANS BECK, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec [email protected] “If I am from Megara.” Introduction to the Local Discourse Environment of an Ancient Greek City-State Neaira ran. Gathering what she could carry – presumably a few personal items, clothes, jewelry – she fled from the exploitation she experienced in Athens. Thebes would have been the obvious destination, but the city was too far to keep in touch with regular clients from Athens who desired to do so. Corinth, about the same distance, was out of the picture because she had been freed from there earlier; returning to Corinth would have implied a return to slavery. The most appealing choice, then, was Megara. But things didn’t work out as she would have hoped, for Neaira hadn’t reckoned with the Megarians. In his famous prosecution speech from the 340s BCE, Apollodoros explains that, she spent two years in Megara, .... Her work as a prostitute was not bringing in enough money for her to run her household, since she was a big spender, and the Megarians are stingy and pusillanimous; also, there wasn’t much foreign traffic because the Megarians had sided with Sparta, and you [the Athenians] had control of the sea. (Against Neaira 36) According to Apollodoros, Neaira’s business in Megara suffered from travel obstacles created by war, along with the Megarians’ general lack of appreciation for high-end ἀνελεύθεροι καὶ μικρολόγοι prostitutes. -
Theses Digitisation: This Is a Digitised Version of the Original Print Thesis. Copyright and Moral
https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ Theses Digitisation: https://www.gla.ac.uk/myglasgow/research/enlighten/theses/digitisation/ This is a digitised version of the original print thesis. Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten: Theses https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] DEMOSTHENES 59, AGAINST NEAIRA INTRODUCTION AND COMMENTARY BY KONSTANTINOS KAPPARIS Thesis Presented for the Degree of the Doctor of Philosophy. GLASGOW 1991 ©-Konstantinos Kapparis 1991 ProQuest Number: 11011422 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 11011422 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O.