Read the Scientzfic Minds that Shaped Civilization ... and Still Do!

• Plato, The Collected • Gottfried Wilhelm Dialogues Leibniz: Philosophical Edited by Edith Papers and Letters Hamilton. Princeton. Kluwer, publisher. Hardcover. $36.00 Hardcover. $54.00

• City of God • The Power of Reason: by St. Augustine 1988 Penguin Classics. Lyndon LaRouche's Paperbound. $15.99 1988 autobiography. Paperbound. $10 • Toward a New Council of Florence: 'On the Peace of Faith' and Other Works by Nicolaus of Cusa Plato (427?-347 B.c.) St. Augustine (354-430) Includes 16 new English translations. Schiller Institute Paperbound. $15.00

• The Unknown Leonardo Abradale Press. Hardbound with color reproductions. $35.98

• New Astronomy by Johannes Kepler . First English transla­ tion. Hardcover. $145.00 Nicolaus of Cusa (1401-1464) Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) Johannes Kepler (1571":1630)

Call (703) 777-3661 or Toll-Free (800) 453-4108 Ben Franklin Booksellers, Inc. 107 South King Street, Leesburg, Virginia 22075

Please send me: No. copies Total Plato, The Collected Dialogues City of God Toward a New Council of Florence The Unknown Leonardo New Astronomy Leibniz Philosophical Papers The"Power of Reason: 1988 Subtotal

Sales Tax (Va. residents add 4.5%) ___ Shipping ($3.50 first book, $.50 each addilional book) ___ TOTAL ___

o Enclosed is my check or money order, payable 10 Ben Franklin Booksellers, Inc. Amex Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Lyndon LaRouche (1922-) o Charge my Mastercard Visa Discover Expir.Dale,_ ____ (1646-1716) No. _

__ Signalure ______Founder and Contributing Editor: Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. Editorial Board: Melvin Klenetsky, Antony Papert, Gerald Rose, Dennis Small, Edward From the Editors Spannaus, Nancy Spannaus, Jeffrey Steinberg, Webster Tarpley, Carol White, Christopher White Senior Editor: Nora Hamerman theme that runs through this issue is that of doing justice to those Associate Editor: Susan Welsh A Managing Editors: John Sigerson, unique individuals who are called upon to change the course of Ronald Kokinda history for the better, often at the cost of great personal sacrifice. Science and Technology: Carol White One such person was Dr. Arturo Frondizi, who was President of Special Projects: Mark Burdman Book Editor: Katherine Notley Argentina during the end of the Eisenhower administration and into Advertising Director: Marsha Freeman the John F. Kennedy years in the United States, who influenced the Circulation Manager: Stanley Ezrol policies of the Vatican particularly in terms of economic develop­ INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORS: Agriculture: Marcia Merry ment policy through his friendship with three popes, and who became Asia and Africa: Linda de Hoyos a dear friend of Lyndon LaRouche until his death this past April. Counterintelligence: Jeffrey Steinberg, Paul Goldstein Frondizi survived many attempts at overthrow until he was finally Economics: Christopher White ousted by a military coup in and then underwentimprisonment European Economics: William Engdahl 1962, !bern-America: Robyn Quijano, Dennis Small and confinement. Unbowed, he went on to be a powerful influence Law: Edward Spannaus Russia and Eastern Europe: for the good on Argentine, continental, and world politics; and in his Rachel Douglas, Konstantin George old age he put himself on the line to fight for the freedom of political United States: Kathleen Klenetsky prisoners Col. Mohamed Alf Seineldfn and Lyndon LaRouche. INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS: Bangkok: Pakdee Tanapura, Sophie Tanapura The period of U .S. history around and just after Frondizi' s Presi­ Bogota: Jose Restrepo dency is discussed by Minister Louis Farrakhan of the Nation of Bonn: George Gregory, Rainer Apel Buenos Aires: Gerardo Teran Islam, in an exclusive interview in the National section, where he Copenhagen: Poul Rasmussen talks about his plans for a national "March of Atonement" and his Houston: Harley Schlanger Lima: Sara Madueno reconciliation with Dr. Betty Shabazz, the widow of Malcolm X, at Mexico City: Hugo LOpez Ochoa the Apollo Theater on May 6. Farrakhan observes that "J. Edgar Milan: Leonardo Servadio New Delhi: Susan Maitra Hoover wanted to prevent the rise of a Black messiah who could Paris: Christine Bierre electrify and unify the Black nationalist element in the Black com­ Rio de Janeiro: Silvia Palacios Stockholm: Michael Ericson munity." Washington, D.C.: William Jones Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. took the opportunity of a recent visit Wiesbaden: G6ran Haglund to Halle, Germany to acknowledge the debt he owes to the great E1R (ISSN 0273-6314) is published weekly (50 issues) German mathematician Georg Cantor, who said, "For my works I except for the second week of July, and the last week of December by EIR News Service Inc., 317 Pennsylvania ask for partisanship-not partisanship for my ephemeral person, Ave., S.E., 2nd Floor, Washington, DC 20003. (202) 544-7010. For subscriptions: (703) 777-9451. but rather partisanship for the truth, which is eternal." Cantor was EIIIYIfIeIUl H.IIIIt_rs: Executive Intelligence Review massively attacked by his opponents, and his work was oftenmisrep­ NachrichtenagenlUt GmbH, Postfach 2308, 0-65013 Wiesbaden, Otto von Guericke Ring 3, 0-65205 resented, such that today its significance is not widely understood Wiesbaden, Federal Republic of Gennany Tel: (6122) 9160. Executive Directors: Anno Hellenbroich, (see article in International). Michael Liebig 'n DenllUllfc: EIR, Post Box 2613, 2100 Copenhagen 0E, Readers may observe that the headlines for both our articles Tel. 35-43 60 40 on the elections of Presidents (Chirac and Menem) in France and 'n M.xieo: EIR, Francisco Dlaz Covarrubias 54 A-3 Colonia San Rafael, Mexico OF. Tel: 705-1295. Argentina end in question marks. The fact is that after those elec­ /tIpIUI .ub.cription .ak... O.T.O. Research COIpOl1ltion, Takeuchi Bldg., 1-34-12 Takatanobaba, Shinjuku-Ku, tions, the key question of how to face the world financial blowup Tokyo 160. Tel: (03) 3208-7821. remains, as yet, unanswered in these two important countries. Copyright © 1995 EIR News Service. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without pennission strictly prohibited. Second-class postage paid at Washington D.C., and at an additional mailing offices. Domestic subscriptions: 3 months-$I25, 6 months-$225, I year-$396, Single.issue-$IO

Postmaster: Send all address changes to EIR, P.O. Box 17390, Washington, D.C. 20041-0390. TIillContents

Interviews Book Reviews Economics

32 Chalmers Johnson 13 'The feminine technology': 4 Halifax summit becomes a A founder of the revisionist school a study of pioneering focus of economic debate of economists, Professor Johnson is women in nuclear physics There is a brawl going on among currently at the University of Kernenergie: Die weibliche those who say that nothing need be California in San Diego. Technik (Nuclear Energy: The done at all about the financial crisis; Feminine Technology), by Jonathan those who say that administrative 33 Peter Ferdinand Tennenbaum. means can deal with it; and those Mr. Ferdinand is the former Asia who insist that the crisis is director of the Royal Institute of systemic, and that any measures InternationalAffairs in London. taken which do not address that, Departments will only make things worse. 41 Col. Yakubu Mu'azu 16 Report from Rio 6 Bankers play their last card The military administrator of Ecology policy made by the Nigeria's Sokoto state discusses the Windsors. in B __azil problems and future prospects facing his state and the nation. 17 Report from Bonn 7 HoW will Chirac face Economic impulses from the Far administrative despots? 50 Minister Louis Farrakhan East. The leader of the Nation of Islam 8 Behind the scenes of the comments on his reconciliation 45 Dateline Mexico Paris stock market rise with Dr. Betty Shabazz. EZLN financing under investigation. 9 The International Moaetary Fund's 'Mexico Photo and graphic credits: Cover, 64 Editorial model' produces starvation DYN. Pages 11, EIRNS. Pages 36, Forget Sherlock Holmes. Carlos Mendez addresses a 57, EIRNS/Stuart Lewis. Page 21, conference of the Schiller Institute Government of Argentina. Pages in Washington. 22, 23, 24 , 27, 29, Courtesy of Carlos Gonz81ez. Page 38, Library 15 Currency Rates of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. Page 39, EIRNS/Klaus­ 18 Business Briefs Dieter Hiige. Volume 22, Number 22, May 26, 1995

Feature International National

30 British spokesmen call for 48 Definingthe alternatives to 'creative chaos' in Asia global collapse The "revisionist" economists are Lyndon LaRouche and Helga Zepp­ out to wreck U.S. relations with LaRouche address a Washington Japan. conference of the Schiller Institute on "The Global Financial Crisis: To 32 We need 'creative chaos' in Be or Not To Be." East Asia An interview with Chalmers 50 'Seeking reconciliation The late Dr. Arturo Frondizi at the age of 76, taken Johnson. through atonement' in his private office in Buenos Aires during an inter­ An interview with Minister Louis view with the agency DYN. 33 Regional nuclear wars are Farrakhan. ' 20 The heroic legacy of possible in Asia 53 ADL's Murray Janus and Argentine President Arturo An interview with Peter Ferdinand. partner iIidicted Frondizi In memory of a fighter for human 35 The Balkans: 'Bring us dignity and economic development, poison,' cry the citzens of 55 Unexpected blow to President of Argentina from 1958 to Bihac Constitution-wreckers 1962, who died on April 18. The long-planned "Conference of 37 LaRouche in Halle pays the States" was cancelled due to 22 Democratic vocation, tribute to mathematician popular opposition. moral principles marked Georg Cantor lifetime of Arturo Frondizi A report from a Schiller Institute 56 New threat to U.S. health By Carlos Jose Gonzalez Cabral, seminar in the city known as the care: hospitals without the private and political secretary of cultural capital of the eastern nurses Dr. Frondizi. German state of Saxony-Anhalt, If proposed cuts in Medicare and where Cantor lived until his death. Medicaid go through, a currently 25 Arturo Frondizi in his own disastrous situation will become words 39 Peoples War Group much, much worse. terrorizes India 60 Congressional Closeup 41 Nigeria's fight for development: the 62 National News experience of Sokoto state An interview with Col. Yakubu Mu'azu.

44 Menem sweeps Argentine elections; what next?

46 International Intelligence �ITrnEconoIDics

Halifaxsummit becomes a focus of economic debate

by Chris White

With the June 15-17 meeting in Halifax, Nova Scotia of the promote initiatives to deal wi�h similar crises. heads of state of the Group of Seven nations fast approaching, The initiatives include, according to the paraphrase sup­ the bureaucratic caste which runs the world financial system plied by the Washington Pom is out in force to spread its view of what ought to be done • Establishing for every regulating agency a "crisis about the global financial crisis. team," to provide other regulators with quick information The summit has become such a focus for two principal at any time of the day or night; reasons: First, last year's event, held in Italy, adopted a • Segregation of client money from brokerage funds on proposal from V.S. President William Clinton that the func­ exchanges and at brokerage houses; tioning of the so-called "international institutions," namely, • Making known bankruptcy laws in each market, so the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, be that speculators will know h�w difficult it may be to get subject, in this, the 50th anniversary year of their founding, their money out if their broker fails; to review; and, second, because of what is becoming, daily, • Increased surveillance �f big risks taken by market more undeniably evident: that the world is staggering deeper players; into a crisis which none in present official leadership posi­ • Better disclosure of how well customer money is pro­ tions have addressed. In consequence, "the functioning of tected by foreign rules and regulations when it ventures the international financial system" was added to the agenda abroad . of the upcoming summit. So we find, issued on May 17 from, of all places, Wind­ It won't work sor, on the banks of the Thames, moth-eaten and scorched It is actually kind of pathetic , isn'tit?The new procedures, seat of the V.K. monarchy's very own theme park, a declara­ thought necessary to prevent repetitions ofthe last crisis, pro­ tion intended, in the presumption of its authors, to lessen the vide an outline both of what the bureaucrats think the next risks of financialmarket crises. Market regulators represent­ crisis might be, as well as a fotetaste of what won't work. ing 14-16 countries gathered at a hotel near Windsor Castle, One of the arguments put forward, about 10 years ago, at a conference organized by the V.S. Commodity Futures against proposals for a Strategic Defense Initiative, was that Trading Commission Chairman Mary L. Schapiro and An­ monitoring systems would never be sophisticated enough to drew M.B. Large, chairman of Britain's Securities and In­ discriminate, in the case of an all-out nuclear assault, be­ vestments Board, for the purpose. tween live warheads, and dummies or decoys. It seems that Schapiro, according to her own description, worked the world's financial regulatol1s are now on the verge of at­ "night and day" after the February collapse of the 200-year­ tempting a financial equivalent of this monitoring aspect of old Barings Bank, to collaborate with her counterparts to the SDI, in order to continue to maintain that they are capable "coerce" other countries and financial institutions to accept of dealing with things by the traditional administrative Barings accounts, in order to "preserve liquidity" and pre­ means. One might wonder wh�ther TRW, which used to be vent "systemic" breakdown. one of the contractors on such SDI-type warning systems, The signatories to the "Windsor Declaration" agreed to subsequently to move into fin�ncial service software provi-

4 Economics EIR May 26, 1995 sion, is not putting its former expertise into service on this still within the realm of "administrative measures." account. The French business newspaper La Tribune on May 15 Suppose it were possible to achieve real-time, global called for a 4% tax to be imposed on financial speculation. monitoring of every transaction in every class considered "Where is the monetary voice of France?" asked Philippe potentially crisis-bearing. Would that do anything to affect Simonot in an editorial. Lamenting the abysmal level of the what is already under way? Absolutely not. What the assem­ present monetary debate in France and among the candidates bled regulators were addressing was the question of how in that country's recent Presidential elections, Simonot re­ to deal with the risks posed by the growth of derivatives, called those wonderful days when Gen. Charles de Gaulle leveraged bets on the direction of financial flows, or the was trying to reform the international monetary system, in­ pricing of nominal asset classes. troducing new currencies and proposing a returnto the gold Their discussion, as Lyndon LaRouche pointed out in a standard. Simonot proposes that France "reopen the debate speech delivered in Washington, D.C. on May 17, is part of by studying seriously the proposal made 17 years ago by a brawl going on around the world between groups espousing James Tobin, Nobel Prize winner in economics. That is, the three different views of the developing crisis: the view that imposition of a tax on capital flows. In essence, we should nothing need be done at all; the view that administrative clog up the functioning of the infernal machine which is means alone are capable of dealing with any problem that moving some $1 trillion per day aroundthe world. Such a tax might come up; and the view that the crisis is in fact systemic, could indeed handicap speculation in the shortterm without that any measures taken which do not address that, will only damaging long-term investments. In fact, a tax of, say, 4% make things worse. would mean that a round trip dollar/yen speculative trip It's obvious where the global regulators stand. Apart would cost speculators 8%, while in a 10-yearperiodit would from the Windsor Declaration, such views were presented only amount to 0.4% per year. At the European level, such a on May 11 at a symposium of the Berlin Stock Exchange. tax could undoubtedly be useful. " There, U. S. economist and Nobel Prize winner Merton Mill­ The same kind of views are put forward in Canada. On er of the University of Chicago squared off against Jochen May 15, the Toronto Globe and Mail previewed the Halifax Sanio, vice-president of Germany's Federal Bank Supervi­ summit in an article by Edward Greenspon. The lead headline sion Agency. of the issue read, "PM Urges Monetary Sovereignty." The Miller, one of the "leading" theoreticians of derivatives article reports that international financial instability is on the and promoters of their expansion, rejected any further deriva­ table at the Halifax summit, which Canadian Prime Minister tives regulation. "A collapse of the international financial Jean Chretien will host, and notes that Chretien is pushing system is very, very unlikely," he stated. "There is no serious for a "thorough discussion of the intetnationalmonetary sys­ danger of a collapse of the financial system due to deriva­ tem-from the role of the InternationalMonetary Fund to the tives." In respect to the derivatives disasters of Metallge­ activities of 25-year-old speculators in red suspenders." sellschaft, Barings, and Orange County, he had the nerve to The article claims that Chretien has droppedhis proposal say that none of these had caused any damage for the real for a tax on speculation, claiming that it would beunworkable economy, but were merely zero-sum-games among specu­ because some countries would become havens for specula­ lators. tors . The article then states: In response, Sanio stressed the increasing danger of a "Long-time observers of the Prime Minister say that for chain reaction that could threaten the international financial him the issue really is sovereignty: Will nation-states have system. "If one of them [derivatives players] fails, the net­ the final say over their economic and social policies, or will work of derivatives contracts would be put under a severe the proverbial 25-year-old trader in red suspenders? ... stress test and could eventually break apart." Therefore , he " 'The question is, who has more power to effect changes insisted, the usual methods of banking supervision will not in governmentpolicy-the IMF, democratically elected par­ be sufficientto control future markets. liaments, or Moody's,' said Sylvia Ostry, a former top bu­ In the case of "crash-like turbulences," the bank supervi­ reaucrat who has met with Mr. Chretienas partof his summit sion agencies would find themselves in the big trouble of preparations." They both currently think it's Moody's, and establishing quick crisis management, Sanio stated. "Behind that that's not acceptable. the huge trade volume, a new dangerous type of systemic Similar views were expressed in a May 14 television risk is emerging in a murky way." Derivatives are being used appearance by the President of France's National Assembly, with more and more speculative purposes. Therefore , "in Philippe Seguin, who said that the role of centralbanks has recent times, the necessity for regulating action has become to be redefined, in view of the economic crisis. more than big." This kind of discussion will surely become more promi­ nent as the Halifax summit approaches. And, given the deep­ Speculators in red suspenders ening international crisis which provides the backdrop for The regulators are not the only ones with something to the summit, it will contribute to making that summit a turning say about all this. The fight is also emerging politically, but point, of sorts , in the crisis process.

EIR May 26, 1995 Economics 5 bankruptcies, rising unemployment, and even suicides of debt-strapped businessmen unable to continue producing un­ der the exorbitant interest rates. In Rio Grande do SuI and Sao Paulo, industrialists and agricultural producers are being Bankers play their punished by indiscriminate imports stemming from the Car­ doso government's "open door" policy. And in Minas Ger­ last card in Brazil ais, the country's third largest industrial state, there is a rebellion of the industrialists &gainst the government's cur­ rency policy. by Silvia Palacios One business leader of th�t state told this reporter that, "if this continues, we aren't going to go into bankruptcy;first In early May, a group of European and U.S. bankers headed we are going to shut down the companies." He added that in by John Reed of Citibank held a private seminar in the city Minas Gerais, no one believes the free-trade myths any more: of Sao Paulo, the conclusion of which was to put out the line "When there was the NAFTA,[North American Free Trade worldwide that investing in Brazil definitelydoes not run the Agreement] party, we travelled to the United States and I same risks as in Mexico. Behind this apparent "confidence­ asked the manager of one pow�rful industrial group if he was boosting" campaign is a determination by the bankers to optimistic about the business I opportunities that would be appropriate for themselves the rich public companies that the opening up in Mexico. He told me, '00 you think we're Fernando Henrique Cardoso government is being urged to stupid?' Then I realized that �, with my question, was the privatize. stupid one." In addressing the press, Reed declared that "the worst of Also giving the lie to this Qankers' propaganda were the Mexico's crisis is over; international capital will return to comments of former Brazilian President Jose Sarney, who in Latin America," albeit with greater caution than before . He 1987 decreed a debt moratorillm and who today holds the emphasized that all that remained for Brazil to become the Senate presidency, the third most important institutional po­ spoiled darling of the bankers is privatization, and more pri­ sition in Brazil. vatization. He demanded that this process be "accelerated" In an article in the May 5 Polha de Slio Paulo, Sarney by the Brazilian government, by putting more political pres­ warned that Brazil could not continue to follow the suicidal sure on the National Congress to immediately approve the route trodden by Mexico. "Thei truth is that the Mexican case constitutional reforms that would alter the status of the state is not limited to Mexico's diffidulties, but rather involves the companies, including the state oil monopoly Petrobras, and test of a model that was judged invulnerable to any crisis . open them up for takeover. . . . I am taking precautions. 'two years ago, from this very Privatization was also the message to President Cardoso spot, I stated that Mexico w¥ the most successful of the during his trip to England to attend the 50th anniversary of models adopted by the countriles of Latin America to solve V -E Day. In a meeting with the creme de la creme of the City their crisis. It was my mistake ,I and everybody else's, too." of London, four of the major banks-including Roth­ In the Chamber ofDeputies!and other institutional centers schilds-insisted that their primary interest in Brazil was of the country, there is a growing certainty that Brazil is investment in privatizations. entering into the maelstrom off collapse as well. In the first week of May, Congressman V�ldir Colatto, one of the lead­ Feeling the 'Tequila effect' ers of the congressional farm bloc , quoted at length from a Despite all the propaganda, however, the reality is that report on the Mexican crisis pItoduced by EIR, emphasizing Brazil has been continuing to lose its international reserves that the firstproductive sector 10 foreshadow the bankruptcy in substantial quantities. According to reports in the daily of the Mexican model was a col!lapsein agriculture, precisely Gazeta Mercantil, Brazil lost $7.9 billion in reserves be­ as is now occurring in Brazil. tween March and April of this year due to the effects of the The Cardoso government'iS stubborn adherence to the Mexican crisis, the partial flotationof the Brazilian currency, sellout policies initiated by the predecessor government of the real, and the payments of interest and principal on the Fernando Collor de Mello, has provoked widespread indig­ foreign debt. In the past four months, there have been net nation. On May 11, in the daily Tribuna de lmprensa, a capital exports of $10.4 billion, meaning that the exchange civil-military group published an open letter to the National reserves (which the governmentboasted were more than suf­ Congress protesting each of t\ile actions undertaken by the ficient to protect Brazil from the so-called "Tequila effect"), Cardoso government to date. They attacked the govern­ have fallen from $40 billion in January to $28 billion cur­ ment's demographic policy, privatizations, the bleeding of rently. resources via domestic and fOr¢ign debt payments, efforts to This fall in reserves is not the only symptom of impending impose the one-worldist conc¢pt of "limited sovereignty," economic disaster. There are also agricultural and industrial nuclear policy, and more .

6 Economics ElK May 26, 1995 This is found in the capture of money and credit flows by the financial economy, at the expense of the physical economy, and in the unprecedented rise in interest rates (re­ How will Chirac face muneration of financial gains) whichis the sign of that cap­ ture. If one does not go after that cause, then talking about wage increases, a recovery in consumption, or relaunching administrative despots? investment makes little sense: It is a little bit like claiming to make the sun shine without trying to dispel the clouds. by Jacques Cheminade Gingrich-Gramm logic The author ran as an independent candidate fo r President of Now if we go back to Jacques Chirac's speeches and France, as one of a field of nine candidates in the April 23 statements, we see that he never gets out of the dilemma we first round election. He wrote this article one week before have posed above: He claims to reduce public deficits and the inauguration of Jacques Chirac on May 17 as President the State debt, while at the same time relaunching wages, of the French Republic. consumption, and investment, without treating the basic question of non-growth and its cause. Jacques Chirac has been elected President of France with a In his "Face to Face" debate with Lionel Jospin, his So­ plurality of national and local powers greater even than those cialist rival in the last round of the Presidential election, enjoyed by the late Charles de Gaulle. He therefore has com­ Chirac announced two things. First, that he was going to plete responsibility, because he has available-on paper­ pursue privatizations while earmarking the proceeds for debt all the means of putting his recovery policy into effect. How­ reduction. Next, that he would achieve a rollback in the ever, I have two reasons for thinking that his springtime public deficit by holding down budgetary spending for the promises will not be kept. The first is that "the markets" are current year at the level of the previous year's spending, and imposing an austerity policy, relayed by the voices of the by assigning the surplus receipts to trimmingthe deficit. That Parisian technocracy. The second is that Chirac has, in the means functioning entirely in an accountant's closed system! face of the challenge, an administrative approach which Now, it is precisely in such a system that one cannot escape dooms him to capitulate, if he sticks to it. from the financial law: Mr. Chirac thus goes deeper and deeper, with his head down, and no doubt not fully con­ Dictatorship of the 'markets'? sciously, toward the logic of Newt Gingrich and Phil Gramm It is clear firstof all that "the markets"-i .e., the interests in the United States, in the version recycled into France by attachedto the financial cancer which I exposed throughout Alain Madelin. my campaign-are demanding their pound of flesh and are All that one can say otherwise, in these conditions, is convinced they will get it. In technocratic language, as Le foreordained to fail, and one can understand that the "mar­ Monde of May 7-8 says in its financial page, "They take for kets" take very little into account his fine social words and granted . . . the fact that the next governmentwill get down his generous flights of fancy, and are playing to the hilt to the priority of cutting the public deficit." Clearly this the pursuit of financial contraction from which they get the means not taxing financial capital, and going after consump­ advantage. Long live the recession! tion and family incomes (by hiking the value-added tax and Some might call me unfair and say I am pre-judging a so forth) . The inevitable result of this would be austerity and man before he is tested. That is certainly not the case. A man a recession. But this is just what the markets want: The Le can always break the dilemma which he agrees to get back Monde article is called, "Long Live the Recession!" into. What I am saying-which cannot be contested-is that The only way to break with this logic is not to treat the if Jacques Chirac does not shift gears, he will be forced to public deficit as a thing in itself and the State budget as a govern in perfect technocratic and financial continuity with closed system in which spending has to be cut or revenues the Balladur mode, no matter what his intentions may be increased. Rather, beyond accounting conceptions, the eco­ otherwise. nomic reality is that the public deficit and the State debt were caused by a lack of growth. The French officewhich monitors Neither a project nor a design economic indicators, the OFCE, has shown this clearly. With The televised debate with Jospin confirms, in content and an average growth of only 3% during the last fiveyears , with in form, all my fears. social spending unchanged, the public deficit would have In content, the only thing we heard was speeches by remained around 1.5% of Gross Domestic Product and would experts, like the timely remarks of two directors of a ministe­ never have reached the current level of 6% of the GDP rial cabinet or two students in a seminar at the national admin­ (1994). The problem is therefore non-growth, and we have istrative school. Narya project, nary a design, nary animpe­ to look at the cause. tus worthy of a President of the Republic or even of a prime

EIR May 26, 1995 Economics 7 minister, never a political word in the tragic sense of the national crisis and a world crisis which its government will term. This augurs ill, indeed, poorly, for a "step toward a not succeed in getting a grip on. break," not only on the part of Chirac and Jospin, but also That will be an extremely dangerous situation, in which for a French political world which, as in the 1930s, swims in Jean-Marie Le Pen's National front, and a moral anarchism a fishbowl without seeing the world. destructive of all values, will link up as formidable machines It is otherwise significant that foreign policy was hurried to popularize evil. We must do everything to keep from over in the last moments of the debate, without the interlocu­ getting to that point, while being ready to deal with it. That tors giving the feeling of having anything decisive whatsoev­ is why our priority-that of, my friends and myself-is I er to say about it. twofold: In form, the two candidates seemed to fear the reality of • to do our best to show, to the Presidential majority bodies and words, physically remaining frozen and each one and to the opposition, the nature of the fundamental issues playing a pre-scripted character. There was a striking absence and the need to rapidly come up with a response at that of taste for words, of pleasure in handling the language: Their level, with the logic of a break which this response implies; speeches were programmed, without modulation, dealing • to constitute our own political movement, starting out one by one the "frozen words" which Rabelais talks from the basic premise of what is at stake in the ongoing about. crisis of the system, and to �tach ourselves on principle More prosaically, if Chirac does not dissolve the Cham­ from any administrative conc¢ption of people and things. ber of Deputies, and if he names Foreign Minister Alain To lead the way back to daring and enthusiasm, is in fact Juppe as prime minister-as everything seems to indicate­ the best way to save the framework of our country. the feeling of technocratic and financial continuity will be­ Tocqueville used to say th&t administrative despotism is come set in cement. the only thing democracies have to fear. I would rather see it as the first step toward an oligarchic order, the closing in A political movement on a system of management by accounting and thought­ From then on, it is a "state of disgrace" that he will have control. The challenge which hilsbeen thrownup to us today to endure. France, faced with a President it elected largely is to escape this, and to lead dthers out of it, by taking the by default, will look for something else, in the midst of a high road.

cording to the financial newspaper La Tribune des Fosses. Behind the scenes of the Morgan Stanley, for instance, recommended to its clients at that time "to increase the role of French stocks in their Paris stock marketrise portfolios and to favor the media, banking, and energy sectors." Since the beginning of April, the CAC 40-the index of What are the foreign investors betting on? Above all, the main stocks in the Paris market-has been steadily on a weak franc. Michel Hollant of the MeeschaertRous­ climbing, and on May 12, it crossed over the psychologi­ selle stock firm, recently coIDItlented in La Tribune that cal barrier of 2000. This is thanks to a marked return of the stocks with the heaviest trading volume are in the foreign investors, of whom the Anglo-Americans are the export area and these are the ones which can "take the most important group, who control a good third of French most advantage of a weakness lin the franc." Among the stock -market capitalization as well as half of the "floating" main beneficiariesof these investments are: Elf Aquitaine, part, i.e., the stocks which are actually available on the la Generale des Eaux, Danone, Axa, LVMH, Alcatel Als­ market and have not been frozen by their holders. thom, and Total. This return was especially felt on the day after the There is also speculation on a relaunching of con­ Jospin-Chirac debate. The fact that both of them were sumption caused by thepolicy of higher wages and recov­ so careful to avoid mentioning the financial problems, ery in employment, promised by all the candidates. ''The "reassured" the markets which had confidently returned dogma of the strong franc is pr¢sently replaced by that of to investing in France. Chirac's victory confirmed and employment," Jean Borjeix,

8 Economics EIR May 26, 1995 The InternationalMonetary Fund's 'Mexico model' produces starvation by Carlos Mendez

Thefo llowing speech was delivered by Carlos Mendez, asso­ Twelve centers of starvation ciate director ofEIR' s Spanish-language Resumen Ejecutivo In February, when President Ernesto Zedillo announced magazine, to the Schiller Institute conference "Global Fi­ the Family Food and Nutrition Program(not yet in effect), he nancial Crisis: To Be or Not To Be," on May 17 in Washing­ officially recognized the existence of 12 zones "with serious ton, D.C. Carlos Cota Meza, EIR's Mexico City bureau nutritional problems" (see Map). chief, contributed to the research and preparation of the These zones are largely inhabited by Indian populations material. in which malnutrition and high infant mortality are already endemic. And yet, looking at the accompanying map, we see In Mexico, the country so long presented as the great model that hunger in Mexico has reached pandemic proportionsan4 of the "benefits"of freetrade and of the North American Free does not distinguish between Indians, peasants, and small Trade Agreement (NAFTA), it has now been demonstrated property-owners, as is now occurring in the Lagunera region beyond a shadow of a doubt that such theories only serve of Coahuila and Durango states. The 12 regions include: to loot and, above all, to deliberately destroy the physical 1) Tarahumara Indian zone, Chihuahua. economy, the truly productive economy upon which the sur­ 2) The highlands ofChiapas. vival and growth of the population depends. 3) Montana, Tierra Caliente, Costa Grande, and Costa In the case of Mexican agriculture, which was not espe­ Chica, Guerrero. cially developed but which was growing little by little, the 4) Huasteca and Otomi-Tepehua region, Hidalgo. destruction occurred through the classic free-trade combina­ 5) Purepecha plateau and Tierra Caliente, Michoacan. tion of raising interest rates and reducing credit, and raising 6) Sierra Norte, Mixteca, and Sierra Negra, Puebla. the prices of agricultural inputs, keeping the prices of prod­ 7) Triqui, Sierra Mazateca, and Mixteca zones, Oaxaca. ucts artificially depressed, and opening up the borders to 8) Sierra Gorda, Queretaro. imports which came in at prices lower than those same prod­ 9) Chontalpa and Costa regions, Tabasco. ucts were produced domestically. Once national agriculture 10) La Huasteca, Los Tuxtlas, Zongolica, Sierra de So- is destroyed, the country lacks the money to import food, teapan, and Valle de Uxpanapa, Veracruz. and starvation begins to spread. 11) Laguna region, Coahuila and Durango. When the financialcrash occurred in Mexico last Decem­ 12) Maya zones, Yucatan and Quintana Roo. ber, what collapsed was not merely the "Mexican model," Although officially, President Zedillo's program is sup­ but the whole free-trade model imposed everywhere through posed to meet the needs of some 2 million "high risk" families such instrumentsas theInternational MonetaryFund (IMF). between now and the year 2000, the situation is much more Here, we are going to look at what has occurredin Mexi­ serious. According to the daily Reforma on March 16, gov­ can agriculture in just the 12 years that this model has been ernment sources have indicated that if contingency measures imposed. The assessment of what has occurredin this sector are not taken quickly, these 12 regions will begin to face in Mexico is conclusive: For the first time in decades, the starvation in the coming months due to a resurgence of the Mexican government has officially acknowledged that there crisis, because "the population there is eating its last prod· are areasof starvation in the country-not of poverty or even ucts, without any possibility of recultivating them, given the extreme poverty, but outright starvation. lack of resources to buy, sow, and deal with the drought. " And this is not somethingonly happening in Africa, thou­ This is truly the situation. As the result of 12 years of sands of miles from the United States, but just on the other IMF free-trade lunacy, Mexico has already reached thepoint side of theU . S. border. And this catastrophe implies not only of lacking the resources to sow what it needs, to confront the thespread of epidemic disease and genocide, but also violent drought, or to buy food abroad. social explosions, which will not be kept out of the United Severe droughts like the one Mexico is currently suffer­ States by concrete walls along the border. ing have happened many times in the past. The difference is

EIR May 26, 1995 Economics 9 Hunger spreads as Mexico crisis is UNITED STATES aggravated by drought

North Pacific Ocean

that the last 12 years of disastrous economic policies have process ground to a halt as well, no new work was begun. eliminated the resources for dealing with the drought. That According to official statistics the Mexican Agriculture is, at the current time, Mexico has no food reserves, it is not Department, public spending the agricultural sectorbe- producing what it needs, and it has no money to buy food. tween 1980 and 1991 fell by , while state credit to the Its dams do not have sufficient water reserves, because noth­ rural sector practically disap[)erured altogether. ing has been done over the past 12 years to maintain them, The result of this can be in the Table. much less to have built the new hydraulic works that the Today this situation is . In the six states of the country has required for decades. republic most affected by the , a loss of 5 million hectares that were to have been in the 1995 spring- The process of destruction summer cycle, was reported. The process of destruction began in 1983 with the govern­ • Tamaulipas: The Rio Agricultural Association ment of President Miguel de la Madrid, who simultaneously imposed policies of punctual payment of the foreign debt, IMF genocidal austerity, and the commercial "opening" de­ Mexico dependent on manded by NAFfA-although the formal signing of the cumulative total 1988-94 latter was done by President Carlos Salinas , who continued and intensifiedthe same free-trade policies. Millions of tons (4) Between 1985 and 1991, Mexico removed customs tar­ (1 ) Imports as % of iffs-licenses and quotas-on more than products Product Production Consumption 10,000 2/3 that it imports . The average tariff fell from 47% to 9%. In 1985, De la Madrid announced even more radical measures Rice 2,796 728 3,524 21% of trade liberalization, together with a general opening-up of Beans 7,308 520 7,828 7% the economy (and in November of that year, Mexico entered Corn 103,833 14,000 117,833 12% the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade). In November 1987, De la Madrid signed a trade agreement with the United Wheat 27,246 5,318 32,564 16% States, the last stepping-stone to NAFfA. Soy 4,133 15,564 19,697 79% With the debt crisis in late 1982, agricultural investment Cotton (seed) 1,540 981 2,521 39% came to a complete halt. The hydraulic works that were in Sorghum 32,281 18,345 50,626 36%

10 Economics EIR May 26, 1995 �n 1993, the Permanent forum of Rural Producers organized I . I(rotests agamst government and {nternational Monetary fund-dictated policies. The failure to reverse such policies has led to hreas of starvation I . ';0..... f�pearmg across fr1exico. Here, PFRP ;All.::; . readers demand an end o farm foreclosures.

. reports that the sorghum, corn, and cotton harvests are in that, on average, most dams are running at 30% of capacity . danger of being lost. Six municipalities have been declared The health secretary estimates that bspecially in the moun­ "agricultural disaster zones" due to lack of water and spread tains, hunger and the number of d�aths by starvation will of pests. At least 900,000 hectares of crops have been dam­ increase markedly. Farmers and sfuall landowners in the aged to date, and the Tamaulipas Regional Cattlemen's Juarez Valley estimate that total of partial damage is 1.5 Union has warnedthat the situation could become even more million hectares. The state's econoIfic crisis, aggravated by chaotic, since meat and milk production have been severely the drought, is so bad that even metnbers of the Mennonite affected by animal weight loss and high mortality rates, as community , characterized by their affinity for hard work, are yet unquantified. leaving their lands and other asset� behind to emigrate to • Nuevo Leon: Producers here calculate that at least other countries. 500,000hectares on which a variety of basic crops have been • Sinaloa: Water shortages in tHIe state's nine dams have sown, have been badly damaged; in addition, 30% of the caused a 35% reduction in the area jsown with basic grains. area planned for cultivation has been abandoned. After 16 The National Water Commission reports that there is only months without rain, the state government has declared a enough water to meet the populatiod's needs during the sum­ state of emergency. Of the three dams in the state, the largest, mer, a season characterized by te peratures of 40° centi­ �1 EI Cuchillo, is running at only 15% of capacity; the second, grade and above. The Sinaloa Con£ deration of Agricultural Cerro Prieto, is at 30%; while La Boca is at 40%. Associations (Caades) estimates that almost 1 million hect­ • Coahuila: At Comarca Lagunera, the Lazaro Cardenas ares have been damaged due to lac of water. and Francisco Zarco dams are running at less than 30% of In the face of such a catastrophic situation, the govern­ capacity. In the northern part of the state, 18,000 cows died ment's response has been merely a�ministrative, expressed in just four days, bringing the total of dead animals to 30,000. through Agriculture Secretary FraJcisco Labastida Ochoa. I And, in areas totally dependent on rainfall (i.e., without The minister has explained that aid to the affected zones irrigation), farmers planted only 322 hectares out of 50,000 will arrive as soon as the details of an "Emergency Program originally planned. The small property owners of Coahuila Against the 1995 Drought" are fo I alized. indicated that around 400 hectares sown with basic crops are showing damage and losses. A dire emergency • Durango: Small landowners and cattlemen report loss­ As we showed in "Mexico' s Ph�sical Economy, a Victim es of 700,000 hectares of crops, and over 20,000 head of of the Debt Cancer" (see EIR Sp ecial!/?ep ort, "The Debt Bomb cattle dead. Inhabitants of many towns have begun to emi­ Explodes ...Aga in," Jan. 27, 19' 5), grain production be­ grate in search of food. tween 1981 and 1994 fell 22% per capita, although imports • Chihuahua: The state agricultural department reports partially compensated for the drop in consumption levels.

EIR May 26, 1995 Economics 11 the fertilizer consumption rat� increased by 38%. National seed production has virtually collapsed, dropping by 75% Grain consumption and production over the past six years. (kilograms per capita) I Agricultural economist Jqse Luis Calva estimates that 500 during the just-concluded 1994-95 autumn-winter season, production of eight basic grainj;dropped by 6O%-from 11.3

400 million tons to 4.5 million to.s. He predicts a further 20% drop in the area under cultivati(j)nfor the 1995 spring-summer season due to the economic cd.is and the drought. (If we as­ 300 sume that the 5 million hectlares already affected by the drought were a part of the 13.7 million hectaressown in 1994, Production 200 / this would mean that there ha� already been a loss of more than 30% of arable land.) 100 Salinas sowed hunger ! At the Agricultural DeveJbpment Forum organized by the Mexican Senate, Agricul� Secretary Labastida Ochoa ro n M n n 00 � M M M 00 � M admitted that "in the last two decades there has been no 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 increase in land under cultivatJon." He added that of the 24 million people who live in thel countryside, "18 million live in poverty, and of these, 6 million live in extremepoverty ." According to research by . the University of Chapingo, During the Salinas de Gortari government, food imports 45 .2% of all rain-fed cultivate<1l 1and, and 35.6% of irrigated rose from a value of $1 .8 billion in 1988 to $71.2 billion in land under cultivation, is used! to grow com. Data provided 1994. It's clear that afterthe Christmas 1994 financialdeba­ by the National Institute of Statistics, Geography, and Infor­ cle, in which the peso collapsed and Mexico's foreign curren­ mation (INEGI) indicate that 92% of all com producers cy reserves were nearly depleted, there will be no more food (2,249 ,598 Mexicans) work onlholdings ofless thanfive hect­ imports, making consumption totally dependent on whatever ares, and 96% of them receive only the daily minimum wage can be produced inside the country. In the most important or less. (This sector of the population produces only for its own categories, this means an almost immediate fall of 10-20% in consumption, or for very modtlst and precarious marketing.) total food consumption. It is clear that this sector of the population is helpless in the But what is the state of national food production aftersix face of higher prices for herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, years of Salinas's demented policies? From 1988 to 1994, the and fertilizer, all of which increased by 54% in the month of area under cultivation nationally dropped by 9.959 million March alone ! The prices of m�chinery and equipment have hectares. The government argues thatcom was sown on some increased by 25%, and interestirates on loans by over 100%. of this land, but the truth is that production ofother basic grains The higher prices of inputs aredestroying small property­ required for Mexicans' daily diet ceased. Cumulatively, Mex­ owners who had maintained a semi-industrialized production ico imported 21 % of its total rice consumption. Despite the with decent rates of productivity. The attack on this layer of fact that the country is self-sufficientin bean production, 7% producers will force the entire productive and reproductive of its total consumption during this period was imported. cycle to break down at its weakest point, causing thousands There were record com crops and an increase in the number of deaths by starvation. In urban centers, higher foodprices of hectares under cultivation. Nonetheless, 12% of its com and scarcity will result. consumption was imported, which means that, overall, Mexi­ According to the May 12 issue of the daily Exdlsior, in co imported the equivalent of one year's production (see exchange for compliance with theIMF- World Bank accords, Figure). the creditor bankers are prepared to offer all the assets seized Wheat imports were 16% of total consumption over six this year through foreclosures on producers-including com­ years , a volume equal to the record 1985 crop of almost 5 mercial, industrial, residential,itourist, and agricultural prop­ million tons. As for soybeans, the equivalent of 79% of total erties-on the so-called "global market." The U.S. company consumption over six years was imported; and 38% of the La Salle Partners has been chosen by the country's top banks, national sorghum consumption was imported (see chart) . including Banamex, Serfin, Inverlat, Bancentro, Banoro, and Even with a drop in the area under cultivation, fertilizer Banco Mexicano, to conduct a confidential auction of these consumption per hectare stagnated between 1981 and 1991 , properties on Aug. 11. and in 1992, the state fertilizer company Fertimex was privat­ As can be seen, starting in the spring of 1995, death by ized; compare this to the period between 1970 and 1981 when starvation is once again showing its face to Mexicans.

12 Economics ElK May 26, 1995 Book Reviews

'The feminine technology': a study of pioneering women in nuclearph ysics by Jessica Primack

a concept, a harmony." His special genius was that he used his hypothesis to correct the characteristics (weight, atomic Kemenergie: Die weibUche Technlk number, reaction with other elements) of the known ele­ (NuclearEnergy : The Feminine Technology) ments, and even dared to leave holes in his system and to by Jonathan Tennenbaum predict the characteristics of the missing elements. The pre­ Dr. BoetUger Verlags-GmbH, Wiesbaden, 1994 dictions that Mendeleyev made were proven to be true in the 397 pages, paperbound, DM 28.80 decades to come. His periodic system became the frame of reference for future research in chemistry and physics.

I opened this book with initial skepticism. How would it be Marie Curie and the method of hypothesis different from other biographies of a few of the important The l890s were the decade of "rays." Roentgen discov­ women in the field of nuclear science? The answer became ered X-rays, and Bacquerel, radioactivity. Bacquerel was clear quite quickly. trying to find out what these rays were; it seemed as if the Tennenbaum states the theme of the book as the "double element uranium had "an energy of its own." This unex­ revolution" of the "atom women." This double revolution plained phenomenon is what Marie iCurie decided to write was the discovery of radiation, opening a whole new field in her doctoral dissertation on. Her obj�ctive was "to examine natural science, and the breakthrough in the recognition of the origin of the tiny amount of energy that was sent out, women as scientists. The author re-creates the process of through rays, of the element of u�ium." After much te­ discovery in such a vivid way that the reader shares the joy dious work, she published her findings. She hypothesized experienced by the scientist. correctly many of the characteristics of the elements (poloni­ I will present a few of the people whom Tennenbaum um, radium) that she had not yet discovered. "All matter introduced me to, and a bit of their life's work. The "atom examined containing uranium," she iwrote, "is active based women" who are discussed in the book include: Marie Curie, on the ratio of uranium contained in the substance. . . . It Irene Joliot-Curie, Ida Noddack, Maria Goeppert-Mayer, is interesting to note that the two most active elements, Lise Meitner, Elisabeth Rona, Ellen Gleditsch, Marguerite uranium and thorium, are also the elements which have Perey, Chien-Shiung Wu, and Dixy Lee Ray. the highest atomic weight. . . . Two minerals containing uranium are much more active than uranium itself. This Mendeleyev and the music of the elements very notable fact leads to the hypothesis, that these minerals The book starts with a short history of the development contain another element, that is much more active than of the understanding of matter. One of the most important uranium." She also pointed out that uranium is radioactive steps along the way to mankind's ability to utilize nuclear within all chemical compounds, that the element itself is energy, was the revolutionary discovery by Dmitri Mende­ radioactive. leyev of the periodic system of the elements. What was par­ Mrs. Curie's work was based om a continuous hypothe­ ticularly important, was Mendeleyev' s method of discovery . sis. As Tennenbaum explains, the process of hypothesis He gathered the sparse knowledge of the elements known in which enables the scientist to ask fruitful questions, the the l860s, and worked from an ordering principle. Mende­ which is no longer found in modem science textbooks, is leyev describes it: "Simply the lumping together of facts . . . the "subjective aspect" of science. The generation of Marie does not deserve to be called science of a higher form. The Curie did not only assess facts, but studied by working building of science needs not only building material, but also through the original works of grea� scientists, and learned

EIR May 26, 1995 Economics 13 , . the process of discovery. Ida Noddack, the daring young scientist Unfortunately, the very fruitful work of Pierre and Marie Tennenbaum introduces th reader to one of the most Curie was suddenly interrupted by the death of Pierre. interesting "atom women," wh unfortunately is much less It is important to understand under what conditions the well known. In 1934, Enrico F�rmi received Ida Noddack's "atom women" worked, and the prejudices they had to deal open letter, printed in the magazine Angewandte Chemie. with. In 1900, for e)(ampl�, Dr. Paul Moebius wrote a Her letter criticized the conclusibns he had come to involving book called The Mental Deficiency of Women, which was experiments in which neutron were shot at uranium; the reprinted 12 times until 1920. According to him: "It is proven results of those experiments c9uld not be explained by the that those parts of the brain which are essential for mental chemistry of the time. Fermi ha� concluded that when urani­ . activity, being the flaps of the forehead and temples, are less um was shot with neutrons, the neutrons became protons I developed in women than in men, and that this difference is and created "transuranium." N ddack demonstrated that his from the time of birth." One can just imagine what Marie thesis was not sufficiently well searched, and she predicted and Pierre thought of such statements! the splitting of uranium. Sherei had correctly hypothesized After the death of Pierre., Marie spent more time in the atomic fission, fiveyears befor Otto Hahn and Fritz Strass­ · laboratory because, as she said, "that is all I can do." A mann discovered it. horrible witchhunt was started against her. Just four months Ida Noddack was born on Feb. 25, 1896 in a small town afterthe death of Pierre , Lord Kelvin, the infamous scientist in Germany. Her father owned I varnishfactory , so she was from England who got his title from marrying into the aris­ probably exposed to chemistry at an early age. She studied tocracy, wrote a nasty letter to the London Times, claiming in Berlin and received her doc orate in chemistry in 1921. l that radium is not a new element at all, but probably a She was especially interested in chemistry's fundamental mixture of lead and helium. It is interesting to note that questions. At that time , there ere still holes in Mendeley­ Lord Kelvin did not write his letter to a scientific magazine, ev's periodic ta.ble of elements. She and her future husband but to a popular newspaPer. Marie Curie felt obliged to dedded -tojo in "the hunt for th elements." produce pure radium from radium chloride. It took four years Their method ·Qf approach allows one to understand why of strenuous work, but she finallyproduced pure radium and Mrs. Noddack was able to prci:lict the fission of atoms. It had proof of the validity of her life's work. became· clear to them that all th other chemists were looking

BridgeAcross lorda by AmeliaPlatts Boynton Robinson

From the civil rights struggle in the South in the 1930s, to the Edmund Pettus Bridge at Selma, Alabama in 1965, to the liberation of East Germany in 1989-90: the new edition of the classic account by an American heroine who struggled at the side of Dr. Martin Luther Ki ng and today is fighting for the cause of Lyndon LaRouche.

"an inspiring, eloquent memoir of her more than five decades on the front lines . . . I wholeheartedly recommend it to everyone who cares about human rights in America. " -Caretta ScottKing

Order from: Schiller Institute, Inc. p.o.Box 20244 Washington, D.C. 20041-0244 (202) 544-7018 . ¥astercard and Visaaocepted. $10 plus postage and handling ($3.50 for the first book, $.50 for each additional book). Virginia residents add 4.5% sales tax.

14 Economics EIR May 26, 1995 in the wrong places for elements. Mrs . Noddack described their work: "Already in 1871 Mendeleyev predicted three of his system's missing places, whose characteristics he derived CurrencyRat es· from their vertical and horizontal neighbors .... But it seems that Mendeleyev, who had a wonderful imagination, The dollar in deutschemarks did not dare to predict other empty spaces .. ..Among these New York late afternoon fixing few holes it was especially noticeable that there were two directly below manganese ....We soon realized that the 1.70 few textbooks available at that time were not sufficient for 1.60 our work .. ..We had to work through papers of the original

literature of the past 100 years ....We realized that in the 1.50 vertical group of the system there were not only somewhat

steady changes, but also jumps, and for analogous reasons, 1.40 ... IJ"" these jumps must take place between manganese and the ..... -- � ekamanganese which lies directly underneath it." 1.30 The Noddacks scientifically guessed the charter of ele­ 3/29 415 4112 4119 4126 5/3 SIlO 5/17 ments and then began their hunt for the very rare elements. The dollar in yen Because they worked from an ordering principle, their guess­ New York late afternoonfixing es were correct. After many years of work, they published

the findingsof the two elements: number 43, masurium, and 120 number 72, rhenium.

Something unbelievable then happened: a total denial 116 from the scientific world! How could two young chickens have found the elements that for years had eluded so-called �oo great scientists? The Noddacks decided to look for rhenium in its pure state, and travelledto Norway to collect the miner­ 90 '- al. They succeeded, and proved that rhenium is element num­ ..... � 80 ...... ber 72. Unfortunately, masurium is so rare that they were 3/29 415 4112 4119 4126 5/3 5110 5/17 unable to prove its existence. The element was later produced artificiallyand given the name technetium. The British pound in dollars: Tennenbaum opens up the world of science and the joy New York late afternoonfixing of discovery to those of us who generally think of it as dull, simply a matter of memorizing facts. If I were a science 1.80 teacher, this book would be the firstbook the children would 1.70 read. Beyond that, there is an urgent political dimension. In 1.60 - .- Germany, the Green party, which is totally opposed to all --

advanced technology, especially nuclear energy, is now con­ 1.50 sidered the third-strongest party. Without nuclear power, not only will industrial nations like Germany become impover­ 1.40 ished, because energy costs will be so high, but also devel­ 3/l9 415 4112 4119 4126 S/3 SIlO SlI7 oping-sector nations will lose whatever chance they would The dollar in Swissfrancs have had to become industrialized. These Greenies, who, in New York late afternoonfixing thename of "feminism," are preventing Third World women

from developing their nations, have also done horrible things I.SO to the youth of Germany. As this author can attest from her

recent years' attendance as a student in a German Gymnasi­ 1.40 um, the Green ideology has become predominant among German youth, and has inserted itself as a central component 1.30 of the German education system. The Greens have taken away young people's ability to be excited about discovering 1.20

- something, as these women scientists did, which can change - � 1.10 � " r- the lives of people all over the world. This book is a necessary 3129 415 4112 4119 5110 5/17 antidote to this Green disease. 4126 S/3

EIR May 26, 1995 Economics 15 Reportfr om Rio by Silvia Palacios and Lorenzo Carrasco

Ecology policy made by the Windsors Lord Beaverbrook, which had an im­ The United Nations and non-governmental organizations are portant agent of influence in Brazil in the press mogul Assis Chateaubriand, telling Brazil what to do, while the British press cheers. a lifelong partner of the Klabins. Isra­ el Klabin is now the main conveyor belt for evaluations and orders ema­ By turning over Brazil's ecology Meanwhile, a collection of NGOs nating from Henry Kissinger into policy to organizations directly con­ is taking charge of demarcating a sig­ Brazil. trolled by the British Crown's intelli­ nificantnumber of indigenous zones, Inside the new government, Kla­ gence services, President Fernando which is how the British Crown is bin's influence is well known. It is Henrique Cardoso's promise, in his wielding the "indigenism" weapon mainly focused on restructuring the farewell speech upon leaving the Bra­ over Brazil. In the south of the Ama­ Brazilian intelligence services. Ac­ zilian Senate last January, that in his zon state of Para, the demarcation ef­ cording to the daily Gazeta Mercantil administration the non-governmental forts were funded by the Mata Virgen of Jan. 16, Ronaldo Sardenberg, Stra­ organizations (NGOs) would be con­ Foundation, created by British rock tegic Affairs Secretariat director, who sidered "neo-governmental organiza­ star Sting. Other NGOs seeping into frequents the "universalist" circles in tions," literally came true . the country to dominate tribes and in­ the Foreign, Ministry, started a series This means that his administration digenous policies, such as the Friends of consultations with persons and will continue dismantling the Brazil­ of the Earth, financed by the Gold­ groups who, could convey ideas to him ian nation-state-a task begun by his smith brothers among others , have set about the SAE' s future role, including predecessor Fernando Collor de Mel­ up radio transmitters in the indigenous Israel Klabin. lo-while its functions will be sup­ parts of the Amazon. None of this is surprising, since planted by foreign interest groups Worse yet are the accords which the Foreign Ministry's policy boils steered from outside Brazil, which are the government signed with the Bra­ down to turningeverything over to the part of the supranational United Na­ zilian Foundation for Sustainable De­ Anglo-American supranational pow­ tions government. velopment (FBDS), run by the busi­ er, in retumfor assurances of a Brazil­ Cardoso counts on the strong in­ nessman Israel Klabin and his crony, ian niche in the U.N. Security Coun­ ternational support he is gaining with businessman Eliezer Batista. The cil. This was precisely the content of these actions to make up for the lack of Strategic Affairs Secretariat (SAE) the trip which President Cardoso domestic support which his economic turned over the economic zoning of made to England, as the only Ibero­ policy is generating. the Amazon region to this NGO. The American head of state invited by the His policy of "supranational glob­ FBDS, created at the time of the British to attend commemorations of alism" is especially obvious when it U.N.'s Eco-92 summit in Rio, is the the 50th armiversary of Victory in comes to environmental policy. The Brazilian branch of the Business Europe. most scandalous instance was the an­ Council for Sustainable Develop­ The Brazilian President met se­ nouncement that the government ment, to which selected businessmen cretly with the British monarchy's would be advised by four NGOs, of the oligarchist 1001 Club belong. clump of bankers-the Rothschilds, among them Greenpeace, on how to In other words, it is an asset of the Midland Bank, Kleinworth Bank, and conserve the woods of the Amazon. British monarchy, and its money others-to assure them about their in­ The deal was made through Acting comes from sources like the Global terests in Brazil, inviting them to feast Environment Minister Aspasia Ca­ Environment Facility formed by the on the profitsfrom the sale of the pub­ margo, one of the intellectuals who has Group of Seven, the World Bank, and lic patrimony through his govern­ long been promoting the "moderniza­ U . N. representatives. ment's privatization policy. The tion" of the State via the creation of a The Klabin clan got into power in bankers are so sure of their "Cardoso "new federalism"; she is simply con­ Brazil during World War II and the project," that before his trip, the City tinuing the ecology policy begun by postwar era, under the aegis of the in­ of London'S magazine The Economist Collor de Mello's environment minis­ telligence apparatus coordinating ran major coverage with the message: ter, the lunatic Jose Lutzenberger, a British operations in North America "What Britain did in 16 years (by way close friend of Britain ' s Prince Charles under Sir William Stephenson ("In­ of privatization) President Fernando and his "New Age" ideas. trepid") and the media network of Henrique Cardoso will do in four."

16 Economics EIR May 26, 1995 Report from Bonn by Rainer Apel

Economic impulses from the Far East bilateral talks. Germany is investing a big effo rt into improved economic The question; mark over all poten­ tial projects is , where financial re­ relations with China. sources can be found in the collaps­ ing, speculative world monetary Outside the European Union's pro­ man declare diplomatic contacts with system that currentlydominates bank­ gram for the modernization of trans­ China a "project on the level of the ing policies. It is nevertheless impor­ port and · telecommunications infra­ chief." This made clear that Kohl con­ tant to note that in a May 11 report structure, the only consistent impulse siders this field important enough not from Beijing, Germany's business abroad currently for Germany's ex­ to leave it exclusively in the hands of daily Handelsblatt wrote that Wiss­ port-oriented industry is coming from his Foreign Ministry, which is known mann identified railway technology, mainland China. There has not been a for its Anglophile views. particularly high�speed train systems, single week recently without a meet­ Reflecting Kohl's views, a mid­ as the centerpiece of relations with the ing between senior officials or indus­ May report by the Economics Minis­ Chinese. try managers from both sides. Al­ try identified the transport infrastruc­ German indlilstry is aware of the though spectacular contracts have not ture and energy sectors of China as the competition from other industrial na­ materialized, the intensity of contacts most crucial fields for investments, tions; for example, the 1,300 km of signals a genuine interest on both because that is where the Chinese tracks for the new rail route between sides to improve cooperation. economy has some of its worst bottle­ Beijing and Shanghai, designed for This interest has been confirmed necks, and where German industry conventional, high-speed railway by Chinese leaders despite the fact has specialized know-how. technology, could be served by the that the Dalai Lama of Tibet was re­ Already in mid-April, Bavarian German ICE, French TGV, Japanese ceived on May 9 in Bonn by Foreign State Gov. Edmund Stoiber returned Shinkanzen, or !the Swedish X2OOO. Minister Klaus Kinkel. Indeed, em­ from a tour of the Chinese province of But if the Chin�e decide for maglev barrassment at the Dalai Lama's talks Chandong, with which the Bavarians technology, the Germans, who are the in Bonn was not concealed by German have a sister-state partnership, with only ones who have that technology industrialists, who were at that mo­ the message that the Chinese have a available at this moment, in the form ment engaged in talks about projects deep interest in cooperating with the of the Transrapid system, would have with the Chinese. Germans, with whom they have had an exclusive role. The Chinese ambassador to Bonn positive experiences (unlike their ex­ A hint in this direction was given protested with the German Foreign perience with the British, for exam­ to a Hongkong irepresentative of the Ministry, and the German ambassador pie) . Stoiber portrayed a prominent Thyssen IndustTfgroup, which is pro­ to Beijing was summoned to the Chi­ role for German industry in China's ducing the Trapsrapid, on May 8. nese Foreign Ministry to receive a national infrastructure development After two months of intense negotia­ ' note of protest. Although no grave program, which over the next 10 years tions with the qlUnicipal administra­ diplomatic crisis developed, the ques­ envisions the construction of 100,000 tions of Hongkqng and Canton about tion arises: Who in the German gov­ kilometers of roads and highways, a maglev train rpute between the two ernment is interested in aggravating 20,000 km of new railway tracks, and cities, the manager expressed opti­ relations with the Chinese at a mo­ 10 new nuclear power plants. mism that this 1�-kmroute could be ment when negotiations on a number The same message was also sent served by the 'Fransrapid. Construc­ of potentially profitable industrial home by Economics Minister Wiss­ tion would starti in 1997 and be com­ projects were under way-just at a mann, who firstfeared the worst when pleted in the ye� 2000, with costs of time when Economics Minister Mat­ he found that all planned high-level DM 3.5-4 billion(roughly $2-2.5 bil­ thias Wissmann and a high-powered meetings, for example with the rail­ lion). Based on maglev technology, industry delegation were on their way way minister, had been cancelled or the new route would reduce travel to Beijing? postponed, when he arrived in Beijing time between tHe downtown areas of Chancellor Helmut Kohl, who on May 9. But, unexpectedly, he was Hongkong and �anton to 20 minutes. will receive Chinese leader Li Peng in received by the head of the state plan­ The lord mayo� of Canton will soon Bonn in mid-July, and plans to visit ning commission the next day, and visit the Transl!apid testing route in Beijing in October, had his spokes- learnedthat China wants to accelerate Emsland, Gemumy.

EIR May 26, 1995 Economics 17 BusinessBrief s

Agriculture technicians have beendismissed , " and that this to the $1 bilI!ion they approved lastspring. The was accompanied by a "dramatic reduction" Paris Club for foreign debt held by govern­ German minister attacks of students in engineering areas. ments is expectedto approve the rescheduling EC for 'currency war' One bright spot is that German-Chinese of $5 billion in debt. Despite the fact that the cooperationis intensifying. In early May, rep­ Algerian military-backedgove rnment refuses resentatives of Daimler-Benz Aerospace to hold elections, it is apparently still consid­ German Minister of Agriculture Jochen (DASA) and Chinese authorities signed in eredan "ecooomic model"by the international Borchert described as "outrageous" the an­ Beijing an agreement on two projects. In the financial CO(I\lIlunity. nouncement of plans by the European Com­ first,DASA , Aviation Industriesof China, and mission tocutpayments to farmerswhich com­ the South Korean Sarnsung Aerospace Indus­ pensatefor foreign exchange turbulence . This tries Ltd. will develop a common civilian jet is "currencywarfare" against farmersof coun­ for 100to 120 passengers. Only recently, Brit­ tries with strong currencies, he said. ish Aerospace, French Aerospatiale, and the Labor Over the last four months, the European Italian Alenia had formed a joint venture for Union has been moreand more unable to main­ the sarne purpose. USAir .echanics tain its currency compensation payments to The agreement also involves the Xichang farmers. In the case of Germany, Borchert Satellite Launch Center putting a German accept 13% wage cut said, foreignexchange turbulence has reached communications satellite into orbit in 1997, the point thatit is threatening thevery existence using the Chinese "Long March" rocket. The Mechanics .t USAir Group, Inc. have agreed offarmers. Exportsof milk and meat, especial­ satellite deal was described by DASA chair­ to a 13% w�e cut, which will save the airline ly, have collapsed in only four months. man Jiirgen Schrempp as a "world premier of $1 billion in�ual costs, according to Dennis Borchertwarned that if the EC wereto im­ high importance," and is a setback for the Eu­ Hitchcock, !lspokesman for the International plement the cuts, this would mean "dynamite ropean Ariane launch system . Associationi of Machinists, which represents for social peace in the countryside and for the about one- of USAir's 45,000 workers, capability of farmers to survive." He rej ected � Associated ljTessreported on May 8. The high­ the plans as "politically irresponsible" and est paid of the 8,000 USAir mechanics will "completely unacceptable ." Debt lose about $4an hour from theircurrent $23- an-hour w�ge. Some 6,500 flight service Algeria given ballout workers also represented by lAM will have their wages !cut about 10%. In addition, paid Aerospace by London Club banks lunch break5 are eliminated, and the airline will be allowed to use more non-union me­ German sector headed for The so-called London Club of banks holding chanics. Algerian commercial debt has agreed to re­ In exc�ge for these concessions, the em­ coUapse, say councilmen schedule $3.2 billion of that debt, Reuters re­ ployees wil� be given a 20% stake in USAir, portedon May 13. The agreement would give as well as $400million in preferredstock and The German aerospace and defense industry Algeria up to 15 yearsto pay back loans origi­ $12 million :in stock options. The company's is heading for an "uncontrolled collapse," ac­ nally due in March 1994 to December 1997. threebiggest unions each will get to nominate cording to the WLR, a newly formed working The deal is a significantboost to the Algerian a director to the company's board, and non­ committee of factory councilmen in the de­ regime at a time when it has been under pres­ union empl<>yees also will get to name a di­ fense and aerospace sector in Munich. The surefrom the Clinton administrationand other rector. WLR warned that jobs in this sector have al­ governments to negotiate with the opposition The ag¢ement with the machinists fol­ readybeen cut from 280,000to 140,000since Islamic Salvation Front. lows a tentative agreement with the pilots 1990,and that 40,000more cuts could follow The banks leading the negotiations with union thatcjJts the averageincome ($ 129,SOO) soon. This would forever destroy Germany's the Algerian Central Bank areChase Manhat­ of USAir's � ,200pilots by an average 22%. technological capacity in this area, which had tan,the Arab Banking Foundation, Long Term USAirhas lost morethan $2 .6 billion since been built up over a long period of time by Credit Bank of Japan, Japan Leasing Corp., 1988, inclu4ing nearly $700 million last year. huge state investments. the French-Arab Banking Union, and Sakura Analysts say that the airline's costs are the The WLR initiators emphasize that the Bank. The group is headed by the Frenchbank highest in tIile U. S. airline industry. Warren WLR is the first-ever union of factory coun­ Societe General. It is estimated that the Japa­ Buffett's BtfkshireHathaw ay, which owns a cilmen in the aerospace and defense sector in nese banks hold two-thirds of the Algerian large chunkof US Air , has extracted hundreds German history, and was set up without any debt. of millions 9f dollars through its holdings of directtrade union support. Meanwhile, the International Monetary preferred stOck, which have paid out a divi­ WLR Chairman Peter Meinck noted that Fund is expected to approve another $1.8 bil­ dend rate of over 10% despite the airline's "many of our highly qualified engineers and lion loan for the next threeyears, in addition losses.

18 Economics EIR May 26, 1995 - Brifdly

• THE TARIM Petrochemical Ex­ ploration and Development Bureau in Korla, a city in western China on change rates explode, spread tensions. How Communications the Silk Road, will raise $3 billion to should governmentsdeal with this? There are build an oil rttfinery, a power station, no easy solutions .. ..The marketsare charac­ Murdoch wants to buy up and plants to manufacture chemical terized by their enonnous potential, their un­ fertilizer, ethylene, and methane, Berlusconi media empire ease, their greater efficiencyand competitive­ Reuters reported on May 12. ness, all qualities which imply enonnous advantages but of course, problems ofinstabil­ Australian-born media magnate Rupert Mur­ • NIGER has resumed talks with ity ," he said. dochhas fonnallyoffered to buy Silvio Berlus­ the International Monetary Fund to The Ramon ArecesFoundati on, the Orte­ coni's television stations for $2.8 billion, the win new loans, Finance and Planning ga y Gasset Foundation, and L.A. Rojo have financial daily II Sole 24 Ore reported, ac­ Minister Almoustapha Soumaila said invited Bank of England Gov. Eddie George cording to Reuters on May 12. Berlusconi was on May 14, Reuters reported. The to speakin late May on "A British Perspective prime minister of Italy for seven months until previous government proved unable for EuropeanRecovery . " losing power in December 1994. to satisfy the IMF by raising taxes The newspapersaid that the proposed deal and cutting wages. with Murdoch's News Corp. would also in­ clude the television advertising agency oper­ • MITSUBISHI Estate Co., which ated by Berlusconi's Fininvest media group. bought 80% of Rockefeller Group Officials of Fininvest, which is 100% owned Inc. in 1989 for $1.4 billion and has by Berlusconi, said they could not immediate­ Banking suffered around $500 million in loss­ ly comment on the report . es since, is threatening to force a Berlusconi has repeatedly said that he In Italy, Cuccia's bankruptcy filing if Rockefeller Cen­ would bewilling to sell his television stations banker commits suicide ter Properties Inc., which holds the at the right price to end controversy over the $l.3 billion mortgage, does not sell conflict of interestwith his political activities. out to Mitsubishi, the May 11 Wall The media magnate is leader of thecenter-right Ludwig von Hackwitz, director general of Street Journal reported. Freedom Alliance, which hopes to return to Fondiaria Assicurazioni, the second largest powerwhen elections areheld, possiblyin Oc­ Italian insurance company, committed suicide • THE WEALTH of the 500 rich­ tober. on May 7, jumping from the 21 st floor of a est Britons slid 16% to £55 billion According to IISole, Murdochwas offer­ skyscraperin Milan wherehe lived. Hackwitz ($86 billion), largely because of fall­ ing to buy 51% outright at an agreed price, had recently beencalled in by Fondiaria' s new ing stock m�kets, according to the with the value of the remaining stake to beset president, Luigi Amato Molinari, a fonner May 14 London Sunday Times. aftera June 11 referendumon television own­ Generali manager who was appointedto Fon­ ership. In the referendum, backed by Berlus­ diaria by Mediobanca's Enrico Cuccia. • KAZAKHSTAN President Nur­ coni's political opponents, Italians will be The officialexplanation for the suicide is sultan Nazarbayevleft for South Ko­ asked to limit to one the numberof national thatHackwitz was ordered against his will to rea on May 15, Reuters reported. television stations that may be owned by one implement draconian budget cuts, including "They have. good technology, we private sector company or individual . layoffsof 400employ ees, because ofFondiar­ have a lot of raw materials, and we ia official losses of a half-trillion liras. But are interested in technology trans­ there may be bigger losses which are not yet fers ," a presidential spokesman said. known publicly, due to derivatives and other Imports from South Korea jumped Finance speCUlative ventures in which Hackwitz was 66% to $27 million last year and ex­ apparently involved. Investigators found two ports rose 131% to $61 million. Markets, not nations, sealed letterswritten by Hackwitz, which will beopened in front of a notary . • ITALY is impoverished, ac­ have power, banker says Fondiaria belongs to the group that con­ cording to figures in the latest state trolsAssicurazioni Generali, togetherwithEu­ report, Corriere della Sera reported The governorof the Bank of Spain, Luis Angel ralux (Lazard-Fiat) and Mediobanca. This on May 13. In 1994, some 6.5 mil­ Rojo, wamed that financial power is now in group holds 15% of Generali, deposited at lion Italian families were below the thehands of the markets, not governments , at Mediobanca, whose 90-year-old chainnan, official pov¢rty level, youth unem­ the ceremony investing him Doctor honoris Enrico Cuccia, is still the mastermind of the ployment reached a national average Causa of Alcala University, the Spanish daily cartel. Fondiariais connected to Italian free­ of 32.4%, aM only 19.7 million Ital­ El Pais reportedon May 11. masonry. Its headquarters in Florence is in a ians were employed, while 20.1 mil­ "Power has moved from thehands of gov­ districtbuilt by pro-British masons soon after lion lived from pensions, social wel­ ernments to the markets. The marketscondi­ Florence was declared the capital of Italy in fare , or jobl¢ss support. tion national monetary policies, make ex- 1860.

EIR May 26, 1995 Economics 19 TIillFeature

The heroic legacyof ArgentineP¢s ident

Arturo Frondlizi i

by Cynthia R. Rush

i With the death of former Argentine President Dr. � Frondizi last April 18, the world has lost a valued fighter in thebattle for IItuman dignity and economic development, in oppositionto the usurious and murde�us policies which the interna­ tional banking community has imposed on the develop,ng sector in recent decades. Dr. Frondizi's role in this battle is not one whiclt obituaries published in the U.S. and international press chose to highlight as th�y dryly reported on the key facts of his life. But it is one which we honor in the p�ges that follow, because the former President's contributions in this fight are lasting ones, and because each combatant in the war on behalf of man created in the �age of God-imago Dei­ is precious. A devout Catholic, he was consulted by three popes over almost four decades-John XXIII, Paul VI, and John Paul lI-jOn the crucial issues facing humanity. Up until his death, he maintained an ongoing relationship with Pope John Paul II. I At a time when the policies of the InternationalMpnetary Fund threaten to tear apart entire nations, especially in Ibero-America, Af*ca and Asia, we are obliged to recall Dr. Frondizi' s insistence on the need for �conomic development and defense of the fundamental institutions of the natio*-state. And, as his political secretary Carlos Gonzalez Cabral writes in the affec�onate memoir of the Argen­ tine President which follows, Frondizi never sought economicbenefit for himself, but viewed himself as a tireless warrior on behalf of tltillions who lived in poverty and backwardness. "He died lucid and poor," Gon¥1ez wrote, and, because of his great modesty, "I never considered him my boss, but my example." Early on in his political career, as general secretary of the Argentine League for the Rights of Man during the 1930s, he showed his cpmmitment to defending real human rights-not those about which today's hum� rights mafia shriek as they support narco-terrorism in Ibero-America and deman� the destruction of such vital national institutions as the armed forces. As he told! a joint session of the U.S. Congressin January 1959, "for us, the human being is fl sacred being and the rights

20 Feature EIR May 26, 1995 Dr Frondizi (second om right) at age 50, shortly after he took offi ce as the President of Argentina, during a Te Deum mass on Argentina's independence day, May 28, 1958. He was the firstelected President since the 1955 overthrow of Gen. Juan D. Peron.

and institutions which protect his freedom are also sacred." Hamilton , which he discussed in his 987 lecture on Argen­ But, he added, "without national development, there is no tine protectionist Carlos Pellegrini, u derscored the depth of well-being or progress. When there is misery and backward­ that understanding. ness in a country, not only are freedom and democracy dimin­ In recent years, as Dr. Frondizi becameI increasingly con­ ished, but national sovereignty itself is jeopardized." cernedabout the anti-human policies 'Imposedon developing These were the policies which Dr. Frondizi sought to im­ countries by the international banki1g community, and the plement during his own presidency (1958-62), and which he cultural degradation and drug traffickfngwhich accompanied discussed with many world leaders , most importantly U.S. them, he came to view American statesman Lyndon President John F. Kennedy. His presidency overlapped Ken­ LaRouche as the embodiment of th I policies and ideals he nedy's, and he developed a close, personal relationship with valued in the United States, and hatl previously lauded in the American leader to whom he fondly and frequently re­ President Kennedy. In a 1984 meet ng with LaRouche, he ferred in later years . With his characteristic aggressiveness­ sparred vigorously with the Americ statesman over politi­ Kennedy humorously told his Argentine counterpart that he cal and economic matters, but as he rote President William considered him to be "fortfsimo ...very tough"-Frondizi Clinton a decade later, "I have al ays shared to a great offered the American President his honest evaluation of such extent the political-economic thinkint of Mr. LaRouche ... programs as the Alliance for Progress, and spoke frankly because I find that it has particul I affinities with what I about the unique role he felt the United States had to play in have been preaching politically my hole life in the Ibero­ assisting the process of Ibero-America's industrial develop­ American continent." ment, also as a means of guaranteeing hemispheric security. Following LaRouche's political persecution and unjust This was something about which the Argentine President imprisonment in 1989, Frondizi courageously associated I felt strongly, based on his own studies of U. S. economic himself with the effort to obtain LaRouche's total exonera- history and his understanding of how strong, sovereign na­ tion, and wrote to President Clinton In two occasions in that tion-states are built. As he told the U. S. Congress in 1959, regard. He also wrote to the Vatican ion LaRouche's behalf. Argentina and Ibero-America must have the right to apply Although he did not live to see LaRouche's exoneration or the same economic policies which had permitted the United the implementation of the developmd t policies for which he States to become a great industrial power. Dr. Frondizi's fought, his combative spirit and defe se of the "divine spark" familiarity with the work ofsuch "American System" econo­ in each human being will inspire us all to go forward until mists as Henry Carey and firstTreasury Secretary Alexander victory is won.

EIR May 26, 1995 Feature 21 Democraticvo cation, moral Pfnciples ntarked lifetinte of Arturo Fro I dizi by Carlos Jose Gonzalez Cabral

The author worked fo r the last five years as the private and and Isabel Ercoli, were Italia;immigrants from Gubbio. political secretary of Dr. Arturo Frondizi, fo rmer President He spent his first years of pro ary school at a school in of Argentina (1958-62). Concepcion del Uruguay in the province of Entre Rios, and then finished at the Rafael Helljera Vegas school in Buenos The editors ofExe cutive 1ntelligence Review requested that I Aires-a girls' school. By who knows what premonition, the write on some aspects of the personality and thinking of Dr. school director justifiedthe adrrlission of a boy by noting that Arturo Frondizi, constitutional President of the Argentine he would surely be an important man in the future . By 1924, Republic from 1958 to 1962. It was my great honor to serve with his family now living in BJenos Aires, he finished high as his private and political secretary for the last fiveyears of school at the Mariano Moreno ational School, and gradua­ his life, a period during which the deceased statesman lived ted with Honorable Mention in� I1 926. in selfless austerity. As I wrote previously in one of our . He studied law at the Schoo of Law and Social Sciences national newsweeklies, I am not going to praise him on ac­ at the University of Buenos Aire , finishing injust three years count of his modesty, nor would he have wanted me to . For with honors. But he didn't wan to be recognized in a public that reason, I never considered him my boss, but my exam­ ceremony by then-provisional 1esident General Jose F. Uri­ ple. As he climbs the stairs to heaven, I feel certain that he buru, who, on Sept. 6, 1930, had overthrown constitutional would be pleased with my reviewing some of his thoughts President Hipolito Yrigoyen. $e argued that "I cannot re­ and definitions, which shall always serve the cause of human­ ceive the legitimately won Dipl(!)maof Honor from the hands ity. Being able to serve at his side was a gift of Divine of illegitimate authorities." THus in his youth, Frondizi's Providence. He died lucid and poor. democratic vocation and moral rinciples were indelibly af­ Arturo Frondizi was born on Oct. 28, 1908 in the city of firmed. Paso de los Libres in the province of Corrientes, land of the I thought it useful to repo on these details of his life, Liberator Don Jose de San Martin. His parents, Julio Frondizi because they will help us to nderstand many of Arturo

Dr. Frondizi with his wife, Elena Faggionatto de Frondizi, who died in 1990. During their 57- year marriage, Mrs. Frondizi was a dedicated partner, who fully supported her husband's politicalfight for the industrialization of Argentina and /bero­ America.

22 Feature EIR May 26, 1995 Frondizi's personal and political positions. I have no inten­ tion of writing his biography, which I leave to the historians. Knowing how I came to mention these few facts, I'm sure he would have told me , "Friend Gonzalez, what's important is not for the people to know where 1 was born or studied, and much less what my habits and tastes are . What matters is for our people to know how I think as I try to address their problems and concerns."

A passion As I write this modest evocation, I am struck on the death of our dear friend Arturo Frondizi, just as he was on the death of Hip6lito Yirgoyen, that "two distinct but similar levels remain in my memory." On a personal level, it will be a permanent and unforgettable experience. On the second lev­ el, I am obliged to interpret the. deepest aspect of his thinking, and thus to help society through political action based on the ideas he sowed. Frondizi was pure rationality, but he had the warmth of friendship, of tolerance and respect. He lived reading, Dr. Frondizi visited by teachers and meditating, and analyzing. He permanently sought to know confinementto a hotel in Bariloche, why things happened and how people thought. Writer Nelly by a militarycoup in March 1962 . Casas, in her book Frondizi: A Historyof Politics and Loneli­ ness, wrote that when he met his future wife, Elena, he told her, "My first priority is my political fight; with me you will theme: "[Peace] cannot be won by vlcllp,wp, have no security or company." She replied, "That doesn't or extermination of adversaries, but matter. I shall always be at your side." They were married ment of fu ndamental laws, and the out of each citi- on Jan. 5, 1933. Casas continued: "For Arturo Frondizi, zen's duties." Fifty years later, nothing comes before his [political] militance, and no one words to [U.S. President] George before the Fatherland." In his book Frondizi, Behavior and ter's unjust persecution of Lyndon 14l.1'\.V'U\"II" Thought, writer Cruz Mazadho wrote " ...He led a double doubt that Frondizi' s political and intellectual action was . life: that of a politician who fights unceasingly, and that inspired by the deep spiritual, , moral, and pacifist of an intellectual who gives classes, runs magazines and values of Hip6lito Yrigoyen, the he considered to be his newspapers, studies, and writes." teacher. This great Argentine, by the entrenched oligarchy in 1930, told President Hoover in 1930 Destined for greatness that "reaffirmingmy religious bel' men must be sacred In 1926, at the age of 18, Arturo Frondizi wrote a maga­ for men and nations for nations and we must, in a com- zine article in which he said that "today's generation [remem­ mon effort , rebuild the labor of on the basis of a ber when this was written-CGC] should know that the for­ more ideal culture and civilization, midable task before it is the social question, and by all means and in greater harmony with at its disposal-justice, hygiene, science, and will-it must explains why, after 60 years of U\""V,'UJli'l'. prisoners, Arturo make effective the Christian maxim, 'Love each other.' " At Frondizi confessed to His Holiness Paul II in the Aug. about the same time, writing on the question "what is the 17, 1993 letter he wrote on 's behalf, that he had Fatherland," he said, "the idea of Fatherland resides in, and been strongly influencedby The of Christian Econo- rests its golden pedestal on , the moral and historical traditions my, the book LaRouche authored in prison, which of a people, and at the same time, the memory of the past states that "in Christian civilization, must use that quali- gains greater force in the vision of the future ." Arturo ty of being in the image of the Ii ' God, the living image Frondizi's spiritual education within a Catholic home, and of God, alive. He must use reason. job must be to flow the' positive influence of his high-school and university pro­ from reason." fe ssors, to whom he always paid homage, consolidated in his Speaking once of common and l'V.Il.\"QI crimes, Arturo

personality the conviction that peace and the rule of law were Frondizi underscored that "it is not � to equate either the only paths which would lead the human being to a destiny morally or legally the man who or kills with the man of greatness. who leaves his home, his wife, children to risk his life In 1933, as a young lawyer, he assumed the defense of in defense of a political ideal." also explains that the 196 political prisoners with the fo llowing idea as his central friendship between Lyndon and Arturo Frondizi

EIR May 26, 1995 Feature 23 constitutional order, while guaranteeing the integration of the Armed Forces and Argenti�e workers in defending the national interest, and eliminating false confrontations and promoting a vigorous process o� industrialization. A�ter on�y thre� years, hi� policies achieved oil self­ suffiCIency, mcreasmg production by 138%. Steel produc­ tion tripled, and the chemical anr automobile industriestook off. In 1961, some 13 7,000 car were produced and 20,000 tractors sold, a good reflection�f the strength of the internal market. Between 1960 and 196�, the year in which he was overthrown, inflation dropped by 50%, and 250,000workers 1 removed from the state sectO found employment in the labor market. These achieveme ts led to a drop in the budget deficit from 7.7% in 1959 to 1 7% in 1962. Despite these advances, some labor leaders a� d politicians, in connivance with coup-plotters and the big iclportingholding companies, tried to sabotage the President's iprogram of "national devel­ opment, social peace, and legality for all." Frondizi met with several world leaders, and was praised for his actions by, among others, Charles de i Gaulle, Konrad Adenauer, Indira Gandhi, Dwight D. Eisenhower, and, importantly, John F. Kennedy. Dr. Frondizi with former Gen. Juan Domingo Peron, in 1973 , when Peron returned to Argentina after many years in exile to French writer Andre Malra�I stated that Frondizi was a become President until his death in 1974. talented President, almost too gopd for Latin America's reali­ ty . On April 15, 1958, as Pres'dent-elect, Frondizi gave a presentation at a conference at the University of Santiago was not mere coincidence, but the result of profound agree­ in Chile entitled "The TransfoIjIDation of Latin America's ments. Structures." Afterli stening to his speech, Chilean poet Pablo Neruda presented Frondizi with his own CompLete Works The option with the inscription "to Arturo Frondizi, whose words in Arturo Frondizi passionately defended development poli­ Chile will awaken our America. ' cies, and during his 1958-62 governmenthe set up indestruc­ tible landmarks in that direction which, despite being buried An admonition by traitors , will inevitably be unearthed by a people who, In 1974, on the occasion of a meeting called to discuss sooner or later, will see their real destiny above and beyond political alliances, Frondizi told then-President Gen. Juan today's leadership in Argentina and in the entire continent­ Domingo Peron that his goverbment's economic policies elites enmired in total decadence. were wiping out the business sebtor's profits ". . . with the In his speech before the Legislative Assembly upon be­ double consequence of eliminlting investment, fostering coming President on May 1, 1958, he posed to his nation the scarcity, and [promoting] denationalization and penetration option of "continuing paralyzed in our development, gradual­ of the monopolies." Developme�ts today, not only in Argen­ ly impoverishing ourselves, stagnant in our passions and tina but throughout Ibero-Ame�ca, prove Frondizi right. doubting our own abilities, plunging toward backwardness Speaking that same year as the cl1airman of his party, Frondi­ and national disintegration. Or, on the other hand, taking zi said: "Necessary revolutions cannot be replaced by the stock of reality, and with an energetic thrust, move forward simple functioning of political in titutions which do not oper­ with decisiveness and courage to conquer the future through ate effectively when they are not upported by a solid material the path of progress and the country's greatness." base. Institutional stability and social peace are not achieved Determined to fight tirelessly for national development, in the framework of economic st angulation." Frondizi forged a close friendship with President Kennedy in When on July 22, 1988 at the age of80, Arturo Frondizi search of the necessary understanding with the United States left the party over which he h�d presided in the national in support of a policy of economic and cultural integration arena, due to differences in anrlYZing the causes of great which would tend to resolve all of the problems and concerns national problems and the meas9res needed to address them, not only of Argentines, but of all the Ibero-American people. he vowed to continue disseminating his ideas, respecting President Frondizi excelled in Argentine political life, be­ those who disagreed, but witho t concessions or wavering. cause at every moment he applied a policy of preserving the Less than two years ago, a repo er asked him if he belonged

24 Feature EIR May 26, 1995 to some political party. He replied "to none, nor do I support any candidate. I am a pure nationalist." That was Arturo Documentation Frondizi! EIR 's readers are familiar with much of his thinking, as some of his writings have appeared in the magazine and in its Spanish-language supplement Resumen Ej ecutivo. More­ over, his efforts on behalf of Lyndon H. LaRouche have also Arturo FrondliziI been widely reported on. The torch he took up as he began his political fightmany years ago will permanently enlighten in his own us. He never sowed hatredor grudges, but possessed a great w�rds vocation of service on behalf of all of the peoples of Ibero­ Speech to the U.S. Congress: America. From a sp eech to the joint sessi(Jn of the U.S. Congress, I know positively that two of Arturo Frondizi's dearest Jan. 21, 1959. entitled "Argentina i,lndthe United States." hopesat the end of his life were to see the definitiveexonera­ tion of Lyndon LaRouche and to visit the tomb of his intimate This is the first time an Argentine l7esident has visited the friend, John F. Kennedy. Out of respect for his memory, I United States, but we have so much in common that rather want to make this known publicly, together with the text of than a stranger, I feel that I am a mtmber, together with the the letter he sent on Jan. 27, 1995 to Sen. Edward M. Kenne­ millions of inhabitants of this greltt nation, of · that grand dy on the death of his dear mother, Rose Kennedy. In part, it human experience which is the conimunityof American na­ read: "Allow me to request, with the boldness of an old man, tions.. .. that in these tragic times for Ibero-America, you take up the Over time, history seems to ha,:"e affirmed our similarit­ unceasing fight to save our people. The legacy of John F. ies. Not only were our two countrie� singled out for national Kennedy is intact and in full effect. The New Frontier has independence, individual freedom; and that wonderful ad­ arisen once more." Then he added: "Your victory in the venture of democratic government.:They also demonstrated recent elections, in the midst of your party's unfavorable a similar capacity for assimilating !universal culture and an avatars, should perhaps be interpreted as a call or a message equal pride in defending their sovereignty and self-determi­ which, coming from Arlington [National Cemetary] flies nation under all circumstances .... over the pages of Profiles in Courage ." The origin of the unity of the A1jnericasis a spiritual one. This was one of the last letters written by the departed This continent rose up in history �s the land of hope and statesman. Already in a May 14, 1993 letter to President freedom. Our ancestors envisioned Itn Americain which man William J. Clinton, he had said that, like John F. Kennedy, could be fulfilled without oppressipn, injustice or persecu­ destiny had placed [Clinton] at the crossroads of "freedom tion. Thus the great American achievements were always and well-being or poverty and submission." related to freedom. That is why the military heroes of conti­ And once more, Arturo Frondizi did his duty. On Oct. nental independence were statesm�n, and history does not 28, 1993, during a public celebration of his 85th birthday, he remember them as conquerors but as liberators. told his friends: "The end of my days will find me together The American ideal of democracy, justice, and freedom with my people and defending their legitimate rights. . . . has been fruitful because it is base

EIR May 26, 1995 Feature 25 Without national development, there is no well-being or consolidated and strengthened) as a result of the frank and progress.When thereis backwardnessand miseryin a country, lengthy dialogue we held. We exchanged ideas about hemi­ not only are freedom and democracy diminished, but national spheric problems, and the Amtjrican President discussed im­ sovereignty itselfis jeopardized. Latin American countries must portant aspects of the world sitUation as well as his thoughts confront that reality attacking these evils at their root. They about how to deal with them. : must transform an economic structure that has become a factor I placed special emphasis on the Latin American situa­ of stagnation and scarcity. Our nations must therefore decide tion, on the seriousness of its problems, and on the urgency to exploit all their resources and mobilize all their available with which necessary solutions !hadto be applied. I expressed energy, and take maximum advantage of all the technological my disagreements with the Alliance for Progress's welfare and scientific advancements of our time. focus, although I recognized the substantial contribution the The immense natural resources which exist in Latin program would make. We agr'eed on the dangers resulting America must be extracted and used for the benefit of all its from communist agitation and other extremisms, but I made inhabitants. Latin America should cease to be an exclusive no concession on the issue of repression [of Cuba], whose exporterof raw materials. It must launch its own heavy indus­ only outcome would be to stimulate tensions it sought to try, its petrochemicalindustries, and factories for machinery. It suppress .... must build hydroelectricdams and nuclearreactors. It will have We carefully analyzed our bilateral relations. Kennedy's to mechanize and electrify agricultural production, to multiply idea was also mine: cooperatioh in the economic realm and production and raise the living standardsof peasant families. In independence and respect for self-determinationin the politi­ short, it must undertake the same process of economic expan­ cal. ... sion and intemal complementarity which led the United States I was deeply moved by Kennedy's fervent supportfor the to its current extraordinary level of development. . . . cause of the Argentine people. I wish to remind you of what The example of your country will serve as a powerful he said at the end of our meeting: "Mr. President, I want you stimulus as we confront the task before us. The economic to clearly understand what I'm going to tell you. Argentina's history of the United States proves, in effect, that a people triumphs and failures are the triumphs and failures of the who propose national goals and make every effort to promote United States. Your success is Our success. In that sense, the their integral development, forge great nations .. .. United States is irrevocably united with Argentina. On that, This is the teaching which Latin America will take up Dr. Frondizi, you have the word: of the President ofthe United and transform into the spiritual and material goods for almost States ...." two million human beings, but the United States cannot re­ On March 13, 1961, in a famous speech, President Ken­ main apart from[this task]. You cannot be indifferent to the nedy announced the launching] of the "Alliance For Prog­ fact that there are millions of people who live in poverty on ress," in which he discussed the problem of continental un­ the American continent. The condition ofthese fellow human derdevelopment in all of its dramatic dimensions .... beings is not only an appeal to our common ideals of human This plan reflected concern over the problems of social solidarity,but also a source of danger for hemispheric securi­ development. It was a political responseto the political prob­ ty. To leave an American country in stagnation is as danger­ lem posed by the Cuban challeqge. It denounced the evils of ous as an attack that might come from an extracontinental social injustice, translated intoi deficient nutrition, disease, power. The fight against backwardness requires greater illiteracy, lack of decent housing, and the feudal structure of hemispheric solidarity than that needed for its political or rural landowning. The President of the United States called military defense. The true defense of the continent consists on Latin America's governmentsand political classes to fight in eliminating the causes of misery, injustice and cultural these ills. I embraced Kennedy's message, and shared all of backwardness. . . . its positive aspects, but underscored the criteria by which Let us make the American continent truly one of human the Argentine government was dealing with the problem of hope, keeping on its soil and for all its children the promise of underdevelopment. ...I always insisted that all the funds happiness and fulfillmentwhich America offered humanity. available for helping the underdeveloped countries had to concentrate on investments for the economy's structural de­ On John F. Kennedy velopment, and be channelled into basic sectors and infra­ From a sp eech delivered on June 14, 1989 at the Argen­ structure-energy, steel, communications, etc. within the tine Academy of History, on Dr. Frondizi's relationship with framework of national integrationand full expansion of every John F. Kennedy. community's potential resources .... On Nov. 22, 1963, along with John Fitzgerald Kennedy I had the privilege ofknowing John F. Kennedy, with whom the world lost the possibility of advancing toward a solution I had two meetings. The first took place during my second to the plagues of hunger, ignorance, and servitude. He was trip to the United States as President on Sept. 26, 1961 .... aware of the abyss between the industrialized countries and The profound admiration and esteem I felt for him was the developing ones; he knew how to fight [against these

26 Feature EIR May 26, 1995 Three popes sought the Argentine President's counsel on issues of international importance. Above, Dec. i3, i985 , Dr. Frondizi, age 77, during his visit with His Holiness Pope John Paul 11.insets: June 16, i960. Then-President of Argentina Arturo Frondizi and his wife Elena visit His Holiness Pope John XXlll; April 5, 1966 in Rome, during his visit with His Holiness Pope Paul VI . plagues] , and because he was the President of one of the plete solidarity with Your Holiness's world's great powers, he was in a position to put his plans ing what you call "the germs oftruth" ,... v,,,..... ,, ..u in communism into effect. . . . vis-a-vis what you described as The United States lost a great President. Latin America intelligent search for balance betwe:enlcamtal lost a friend; the world was deprived of a man who was as my congratulations and """ N,, ..... A determined to fight against injustice. LetterVeritatis Sp lendor, a timely to us Christians who have chosen to Letter to John Paul II From a Nov. 22 , 1993 letter to Pope John Paul ll. Peace and economic develOilIlllen From an address entitled and the 21st Century," First, I want to convey to Your Holiness my prayers to the sent to the Second Conference of Federation fo r World Lord for the immediate recovery of your health. This circum­ Peace, held in Seoul, South Korea i March 1994 . stantial and forced rest will not prevent you from continuing to think of the good for this "poor and tortured" human race. . ..At a moment in universal hist ry in which poverty and I am convinced that Divine Providence will ensure that you chaos are close to eliminating exi ting political and social 1 come out strengthened from this ordeal, and that the moun­ structures, 1 wish to express my pOi ts of view on the tortured tains will again see your footsteps as a mountain climber who state of the human race . . . . wants to reach "the peak" of happiness for all people. When the encyclical Populoru Progressio warned of I am eternally grateful to Your Holiness for granting me the coexistence in the world of an I�ligarchy which enjoyed the requested Apostolic Blessing on the occasion of replying refined civilization with a dispersed majority deprived of to my letter expressing my interest in freedom for political everything needed to live in dignit ' it merely described the I prisoner Lyndon LaRouche and for resolving the injustices generalized situation of poverty and marginalization existing which are suffered by the international community. in 1967-not only in Ibero-Americh, but in all the world. Your prayers to the Lord to assist me in my modest activi­ It is extremely worrisome, and worthy of the most pro­ ties on behalf of the community and for human rights, were , found self-criticism on the part 0 the planet's leadership, on my reaching 85 years of age, the best birthday present and that almost three decades after the a pearance of said encycli­ the most sublime spiritual encouragement that a member of cal , a somber reality demonstrates that the situation of hu­ the Christian community brought up in a Catholic home can manity's misery and underdevelopment has only gotten aspire to. worse .. .. I also want to convey, with particular emphasis, my com- In order to work on behalf of t e cause of human libera-

EIR May 26, 1995 Feature 27 tion, regardless of skin color or religion, it is incumbent upon fundamental institution of the oation and as safeguard of the the world's statesmen to put an end to geopolitics based on highest national interests, and tq break its strategic dependen­ balance of power and domination of the strong over the weak. cy on the new international ord r. . . ." International reality demands relations of economic coopera­ Through misunderstanding and vacillation, the country tion, not usury: of cultural development and scientific and continued to experience confro tation between military and technological collaboration. This means responding posi­ civilian forces, encouraged by t e lack of an effective policy tively to the spirit of Populorum Progressio in terms of "the of national reconciliation. Thu we arrived at Dec. 3, 1990, integral development of man," which, the encyclical affirms, on which a military action wa clearly defined as an act of "cannot occur without the development of humanity in soli­ resistance to the policy of dis antling the Armed Forces darity.. .." inherited by your government an action whose meaning, To transform the structures of dependency means to re­ in terms of strengthening sove eignty, [Army nationalists] new the fightundertaken by, among others , Alexander Ham­ attempted to convey to the ent' nation .. .. ilton in the United States, by Friedrich List, a proponent of Mr. President, prior to t ing office, you defined the industrialization in Germany and in the United States, and national campaign to recoverl e Malvinas as an operation by Carlos Pellegrini in my country, who maintained that the which "returnedto the officera d non-commissioned officer development of national industry is the basis for wealth, corps of the Armed Forces thrat national mystique which power, and prosperity. characterized the Argentine military man from even before Afterthe fall of the Berlin Wall, I am obliged to mention 18 10." the proposal made by some German circles led by the presi­ That is why, in the name of national unity, and on behalf dent of Deutsche Bank, Alfred Herrhausen, who was subse­ of those compatriots who remain buried on Argentine soil quently assassinated, and by the American economist Lyn­ occupied by a foreign power which made the [Navy ship] don LaRouche, to implement a massive industrialization General Belgrano into a tomb, l ask that you make the deci­ plan, with its point of departure being the potential of the sion to pardon all those men oftljeArmed Forces now impris­ industrial triangle between Paris, Berlin, and Vienna, with oned for the Dec. 3, 1990 uprising. Democracy and the future its high concentration of technological power. . . . of our Fatherland demand it. A true policy of Peace fo r the 21 st Centurymust be based on "development is the new name of peace. " The problem of Letter to Clinton on LaRouche's case hunger and poverty of over half the world's population must From an Aug. 6, 1994 lett�r to President Bill Clinton remind us that man is made in the image and likeness of God, requesting exonerationfor state�man and economist Lyndon for which he has been blessed with the ability to grow and LaRouche. This was the second fetter addressed to President produce .... Clinton regarding the political persecution of LaRouche.

Pardon for Seineldin ...I wrote to you, in my cap�city as former President of From an Oct. 19, 1994 letter to President Carlos Saul the Argentine Nation, on May 14, 1993, which I did with the Menem, requesting that he pardon jailed Army nationalist, great affection I have always h�d toward your great nation, Col. Mohamed Alf Seineldin . and with the best hopes of future actions by your administra­ tion for the good of mankind .. J • In my capacity as former President of the Argentine nation, On the occasion of the afotementioned letter, I raised I write you to pose something I consider of vital importance with you the difficultiesthat the underdeveloped countries of for the consolidation of national unity, which would require Ibero-America are undergoing, imd I also reminded you that closing the curtains on the past-something we have done during my administration, in the!search for a "common desti­ each time the country sought to move on to a new phase. . . . ny of human redemption," I established a close relationship In March 1989, you, Mr. President, and Arturo Frondizi between Argentina and the United States of America. thought alike in terms of the negative reality experienced Along with distinguished p�rsonalities from around the by our nation's military arm . I remember I said that as an world, I took the liberty to request of you, with full convic­ inheritance for the government which followed it, the AI­ tion, freedom for economist Lyndon LaRouche .... In a fonsin government had leftan Armed Forces without a mis­ first step of justice, since Jan. 26, 1994, Mr. LaRouche has sion and with no operations or plans; its military and national been freed on parole, wherefore a definite resolution of the industries Were dead ... case is now required. For the same reasons which caused me to share your My great friend President Kennedy witnessed, during the views on the role of our Armed Forces . . . I justifiedColonel long and fruitful relations between our countries, how I as Seineldin's denunciation of an international conspiracy to President never assumed defini�ive judgments unless they weaken national sovereignty, and his effort to "rescue the were supported by exhaustive personal knowledge of the Argentine Army as the military arm of the Fatherland, as a subject and indispensable legal qounsel.

28 Feature EIR May 26, 1995 On Nov. 12, 1991 , at the Magdalena militaryprison in Buenos Aires province, Dr. Frondizi visits with jailed Army nationalist, Col. Mohamed Ali Seineldin (center) and hisfamity members (wife, son and daughter) . Inset: March 29, 1992 , Dr. Frondizi (age 84) at the entrance to the prison on Martin Gard Island where he was imprisoned in 1962 . With him is Bernardo Larroude, the undersecretaryfo r defense during his government.

Keeping that premise in force, on that opportunity I re­ to achieve the dignifiedsu rvival quested from you personal freedom for Lyndon LaRouche, hood of the Ibero-American and for the same reasons, I now request that you take such At my 86 years of age, I measures as may be necessary for his immediate and com­ invitation, since it would betray my . I shall never plete exoneration. Human rights, individual freedoms, jus­ give up the fight I have fought my entire life against the tice, and democracy in the world so demand it. international financialoliga rchy-the same oligarchy which I have always shared to a great extent the political-economic is annihilating nations, diSmantling states, and poisoning the thinkingof Mr. LaRouche, which I have had the opportunity to souls of the younger generations. l discuss personally [with him] , because I findthat it has particu­ It is my special desire to highlight in this conference the lar affinities with what I have been preaching politically my presence ofthe man I consider my fri end, Lyndon LaRouche, ' whole life in the lbero-American continent. ... whose definitive exoneration must be immediately I believe in the morality of men who preach their ideas achieved-not only to protect hu�an rights and individual with a vocation of service, with honesty of thought, and with freedoms, but because his active presence is urgently needed incorruptible conduct, as is the case with Mr. LaRouche. It at a truly crucial moment for the huban race .... is a concrete way of strengthening the American ideal of If my other dear friend, Preside�t John F. Kennedy, were justice, liberty, and democracy, an ideal whose fruitfulness alive today, surely Lyndon LaRou he would not have been stems from a spiritual conception of man .. imprisoned for his political convicti�ms; for the martyr ofDal- I las had said that "Latin America is tpe fate of human redemp- Message to Schiller Institute tion." In these times, Kennedy's March 13, 1961 statement, From a message to the Feb . 18-19, 1995 conference of "hungry men and women cannot ait," takes on dramatic the Schiller Institute in Reston, Virginia . meaning. In order to resolve this atlerration, LaRouche must be definitivelyexonerat ed. Moreo er, his complete freedom As you in the Schiller Institute convene your conference, will help, as I said on Feb. 10, 1992 to prevent the policiesof "Reason vs. the Conservative Revolution," to which I am the InternationalMonetary Fund an4 the free trade agreements honored to have been invited, please accept my apologies at from becoming the new name of cBaos. not being able to attend, something I greatly regret. Once more , and from the forim of this conference, I Please accept also my affectionate greetings and wishes repeat my request to President Clintbn on LaRouche's behalf; for great personal success, which I extend to the conference's and I also reiterate to him that to defend its dignity and the organizers and to the distinguished personalities who have future of its children, Ibero-Ame�baneeds his government traveled here from all parts of the planet, inspired by that to again take up the policies of John F. Kennedy .... devout spirit of human solidarity which is the driving force It only remains for me to repea�once more that our goal of history. must be to create a world econom� which views the human I pray to God that your deliberations will yield proposals being as its most important resource.

EIR May 26, 1995 Feature 29 �TIillInternational

British spokesmen � for 'creative chaos' in AsiJa

by Kathy Wolfe

Behind the continuing terrorist attacks on Japan lies a British win votes in the coming elections; Chalmers Johnson has a plan to plunge East Asia into "creative chaos," London plan­ different view of the outcome of both Kantor's and Federal ners and their U. S. assets say. Reserve Chairman Alan Green$pan's present policies. Japan, which President Clinton calls the partner in On the role of veteran Morgan banker and Fed chairman "America's most important bilateral relationship," has since Greenspan's Japan policies, ;Chalmers Johnson protege the Kobe earthquake and the March 20 Tokyo sarin nerve gas George Friedman, the author ofIT he Coming War with Japan, attack, been hammered by a dozen gas and bomb hits, most said on April 21 : "Greenspan d<))esn't give a damn how much recently the May 15 chlorine gassing which hospitalized 20 trouble he causes Clinton. He views that as yet another bene­ Yokohama subway riders, the May 16 attempted assassina­ fit; he hates Clinton's guts. Ile wants to cause him a big tion of Tokyo Gov. Yukio Aoshima, the attempted assassina­ problem." Friedman added, that Greenspan is tryingto force tion of National Police Agency Director Takaji Kunimatsu, a banking crash in Tokyo befo� the 1966 U.S. election. He and the nationally televised killing of Aum chemist Hideo stated that he believes that such a crash will not only smash Murai. Japan, but will also be blamed C/)nCli nton. Coincidentally, this comes at a time that U.S. relations with Japan are complicated by the May 16 announcement of Tavistock shocks U.S. Trade Representative Mickey Kantor, of $6 billion in The immediate British obj�ctive is to undermine U.S. sanctions against Japanese auto imports into the United relations with East Asia, and create foreign policy disasters States. for President Bill Clinton, the; first American President in This comes when President Clinton's most pressing chal­ years who has indicated a desire to use U. S. technology to lenge is the need for the United States to take the lead in help industrialize Asia. putting through a general bankruptcy reorganization of the Japan, South Korea, China; and the rest of Asia, should world's existing money and financialsystem. This is unlikely be administered a series of shocks, Chalmers Johnson said to succeed without close U. S.-Japan cooperation; thus Japa­ May l0-0f which he implied the current terrorist wave nese Finance Minister Masayoshi Takemura has been calling is only the beginning-to put. their too-successful "Asian on the United States to act with Japan to "rethink" the world authoritarian capitalism" through a complete collapse of so­ monetary system. cial structure. "When they have consensus, Japan's bureau­ Chalmers Johnson, the head of the "revisionist" current cracy is brilliant," Johnson saip; that leadership in Tokyo, among Asia-basher economists, insists that if the Clinton ad­ and similiar leaderships in other Asian capitals must be de­ ministration follows his advice, there will be a collapse in U.S .­ stroyed. "You are likely to see more crises, such as the inabil­ Asia relations. "Sure, it's going to be creative chaos," he said ity to call out the military after :the Kobe earthquake, or the in an interview; "But I don't see any reason we should expect inability to find out who put sarin gas in the subway system, and applaud creative chaos in the U. S.S.R. , and believe that and a half-dozen other such cri�s," he predicted. Japan is forever exempt from it. " The Clinton administration Johnson warned of a "shift in the global balance of power may believe that trade war with China, Korea, and Japan will to East Asia" with a "Sino-Japanesealliance" which threatens

30 International ElK May 26, 1995 the United States. "Americans will wake up to find they're U . S. -Japan Security Treaty, a Colq Warinstrument written irrelevant. It is all over for us." in 1951, to put pressure on Japan to deliver," Johnson said. Japan is thus America's enemy, not Russia, he said, and "South Korea can defend itself." "requires the kind of attention that George Kennan's whole postwar 'containment' of the U.S.S.R. required." Laughter in London This is U.S. foreign policy? Nonsense. This is British Relevant British sources are presently gloating over their foreign policy. confidence, that those parts of BU$h's "Webster Doctrine" The theory of delivering massive social shocks to weaken already in motion could bring down U.S. President Clinton. and then control nations was pioneered in the postwar period The indications are, that London se¢ks to force U.S. forward by Britain's Tavistock Institute, which, during a 1989 confer­ military presence out of Asia, leaving the continent prey to ence, detailed plans to put the United States, Japan, and other British colonial designs. nations through a series of shocks termed "global events." Under this scenario, London does not rule out the desira­ (See EIR , April 14, 1995, p. 37). blility of regional nuclearwars, in which Asian nations deci­ The Bush Presidency's launching of economic warfare mate each other, to the cheers of the British royal family, against Japan, South Korea, and other nations, was launched which desires to reduce Asian populations. publicly in a September 1989 Los Angeles address by Wil­ Former London Economist deputy editor Norman liam Webster, the FBI director whom President George Bush Macrae wrote in the May 14 Sunday Times of London: "Some had appointed as director of the CIA. In that speech, Bush's time in 1995-97 , I expect a Wall Street crash" as a result of spokesman Webster stated, that successful economies such Washington imposing "huge anti-Japan tariffs to 'protect' as Japan, South Korea, and Germany are no longer American America." The "ham-handed" Clinton will be blamed, allies, but, with the fall of the U.S.S.R., "now represent, in Macrae crowed, and "America will choose a Republican effect, a new enemy image." "The national security implica­ President." This is precisely the scenario which London's tions of a competitor's ability to create, capture, or control boy Alan Greenspan is running � the Fed, as revisionist markets of the future are very significant," Webster said, George Friedman pointed out on April 25. inaugurating a FifthCIA Directorate to run economic warfare The London gameplan was corroborated on May 16 in against them. interviews with British Asia strategists Peter Ferdinand, re­ Johnson, now at the University of CaliforniaSa n Diego, cently retired Asia director of the British Royal Institute of and his "revisionist" proteges such as George Friedman, head International Affairs in London (RnA), and Michael Wil­ of the Center on Geopolitics at Louisiana State University; liams, Japan expert at the London Institute for International Clyde Prestowitz, head of the Economic Strategy Institute; and Strategic Studies (IISS). "Certainly foreign policy is National Economic Adviser Laura Tyson; and Mickey Kan­ hardly one of President Clinton's gteat successes," Williams tor, are the current expressions of the Bush-era "Webster scoffed; in Britain "there's not a great deal of sympathy for Doctrine," many in the Democratic Party. Most participated the American position" on trade sanctions against Japan. "If in Webster's 1991 Rochester Institute of Technology study, the relationship between Washington and Tokyo is seriously "Japan 2000," which so harshly attacked Japan that even harmed, that's going to pursuade the Japanese that they're George Bush ultimately had to repudiate it in public. better offgoing their own way ....The U.S. is clearly not Johnson called for Japan, South Korea, and China to be providing the sort of internationalleadership it used to." administered further shocks, including: Ferdinand, now director of thelCenter for Studies in De­ • A "serious" U.S. trade war. "Forget negotiating," mocratization at the University of Warwick, was in 1992 the which Clinton wants to do, he said. "If we don't actually first British Asia hand to attack China as a major military apply full sanctions, we lose; it will be the 30th year of threat to the West, and to call for the breakup of China. A Americans being conned by MITI," Japan's Ministry of In­ racist like Johnson, he raises the r'threat" to the West of a ternationalTrade and Industry. Sino-Japanese alliance, as though cooperation were sinister. • Deliberate action to further collapse the dollar; He now predicts that the Bush Webster Doctrine revision­ • Action to bring down the current Japanese govern­ ists will go wild with trade war agafnst Asia. This, he laughs, ment, a coalition of Socialist Tomiichi Murayama and the will lead Japan, South Korea, and rraiwan to decide, that the nationalist Liberal Democratic Party, which works closely United States is more of a strategic threat to them than Chi­ with President Clinton in Asia, according to personal friends na-and to reach trade and seourity arrangements with of the President. We must "do everything we can, to smash Beijing. the LDP-Socialist coalition right now," he said. "Stop negoti­ Eventually, he says, the Asians will get together to kick ating with them. Put the pressure on them very hard. Pull the the U.S. "cowboys" and U. S. troops out of Asia. This will rug out from under them. " lead to the collapse of China, follwedby regional conflicts • Pull American troops out of Japan and South Korea, including even nuclear wars. At s�me point, he notes, it also and remove Japan and South Korea from the U. S. nuclear leaves the British to come in with as yet undefined "new umbrella. "The thing to do is immediately renegotiate the arrangements." I

EIR May 26, 1995 International 31 Americans once again being �onned by smart officials at Interview: Chalmers Johnson MIT!. ... The thing to do is to immediately renegotiate the U.S.­ Japan Security Treaty; it's a COld War instrument written in 1951, to put pressure on Japanlto deliver. To make it clear that we're not going to deal with unelected bureaucrats on this. . . . There is no justifica1ion for that many troops in We need 'creative Japan. Nobody knows what 37,000 first-lineU.S. troops are doing in South Korea, either. i chaos' in EastAsia EIR: We should pull the troop$ out of Korea, also? Johnson: The Defense Department wrote in 1989 that South A fo under of the revisionist school of economists. Chalmers Korea can defend itself [under Bush]. Johnson is currently at the University of California in San Diego. He was interviewed on May 10. EIR: Won't governments in T6kyo and Seoul collapse? Johnson: Sure. It's going to b¢ creative chaos. But I don't EIR: What is your prognosis for Japan? see any reason why we should �xpect and applaud creative Johnson: This is "karaoke democracy": The bureaucracy chaos in the U.S.S.R., and belihe Japan is foreverexempt. rules. Any damn fool off the streets can be prime minister, I do believe that we know the lend-result. Ten to 15 years so long as he's got the bureaucracy behind him. The LPD­ from now, Japan will be a fulty independent nation-state, Socialist coalition is meaningless. Our Defense Department defending itself, and there will not be a U.S. Japan Security has published a report saying, "We're going to keep 100 ,000 Treaty. The issue is: How do we get there? U.S. strategyon troops in Asia for 20 years." This is irresponsible; it smells this requires the kind of care and attention which George of France in 1939. Kennan's whole postwar contaiQment of the U.S .S.R. strate­ gy required. . . . EIR: And Japan is like Germany? The problem is that we arel drifting and waiting for an Johnson: It's conceivable. This is inertia left over from the incident, which will make the iJntrinsic situation, extrinsic, Cold War. The problem is, Japan has no history of real i.e., obvious. The intrinsicsituation is the shift in the balance parliamentary democracy. When they have a consensus, of power from the U.S. to Jap� and Asia. The American Japan's bureaucracy is brilliant. But what's being revealed public will then be alarmed to discover that the problem of today: A range of issues has arisen on which the bureaucracy "Who lost Japan?" is worse than the old problem "Who lost is incompetent. Therefore you are likely to see more crises, China?" ...From an Asian pOint of view, the Sino-Japa­ such as the inability to call out the military after the Kobe nese relationship is more important than anything the Ameri­ earthquake, or the inability to find out who put sarin gas in cans do. The issue now is the empowerment of East Asia. the subway system, and a half-dozen other such crises. Then, Is it led by Japan allied with the U. S .? Or does it occur by finally, reform will get on the agenda in Japan. But "reform" Japan and China allied together? In that case it is all over will mean the return of the Naimusho, the prewar Ministry for us .... of the Interior. For now, Japan's policy is to buy time to furtherconsoli­ date ascendancy in East Asia, before their real problems EIR: You've said for years we should not pay Japan's de­ develop: How do we live with Ctiina?And what [about]when fense bill. But if you think the old police state is coming the Americans wake up to findtJiley 're irrelevant? back, why would you want Japan to rearm? Johnson: The only conceivable solution is the development EIR: The Y omiuri Research In�titute has a study out on the of responsible democracy in Japan. This means you must need to strengthen police controls in Japan- give the government responsibilities ....That requires we Johnson: Yes, the director is a !Very good friendof mine. do everything that we can to smash the LDP-Socialist coali­ tion right now. That means: Stop negotiating with them. Put EIR: Is it just a sociological phenomenon, the Japanese join­ the pressure on them very hard . Pull the rug out from under ing their Aum groups? Or are you saying there is a faction them ! No one in Washington understands this. using terrorism to accelerate its power? Johnson: That's possible, we don't know; it's certainly pos­ EIR: What about your protege Laura Tyson? sible that much of Aum is infiltrated by the police. . . . The Johnson: Now that she does have direct access to the Presi­ Aum are a bit like Japan's gangs1!Crs;they 've existed with the dent, we may actually get the sanctions against Japan. If we toleration of the police, the polide have known about this for don't apply sanctions, we lose. It will be the 30th year of a very long time. It's very hard � imagine that the Japanese ,

32 International EIR May 26, 1995 police, given their surveillance of this society, haven't known about what was going on. That is to say that Aum, Interview: Peter Ferdinand rather than being a new religion, represents an ultra-national­ ist organization, the type of organization which existed in the 1930s . ... From a Japanese point of view, so long as the Americans Regionalnuc�ear wars wish to continue to play a rat's-ass Cold War role, there is a huge vested interest in Japan in it. are possible iIilAsia EIR: All the terrorism in the world won't change that? Johnson: Well, you would think it would, that's why I said Peter FerdilUlnd, fo rmerAsia director of the Rayal lnstitute of the pressures are very intense! That's why I said Washington InterlUltiolUliAff airs in London, was interviewed May 16. is deluding itself with the DOD report. Who could believe the status quo could possibly last till the year 20 15? We're EIR: There's a severe crisis in Japan, yet the V.S. is pressur­ lucky if it lasts another year.. .. ing Japan, and I'm wondering if the Cold Warsecurity rela­ Revolutionary situations are hard things to predict. It tions in Asia might not unravel? does begin to lead to the utter de-legitimization of the system. Ferdinand: You're right, that's a possibility.. ..The V.S. The Asian answer is authoritarian capitalism. I'm afraid that seems to be treating Japan in an aggressiveway as far as trade if pushed that hard, it will lead to more authoritarian govern­ relations, and I find it difficult to believe that won't have ment, and that the people who'd profitfrom that are precisely impact on security relations. America's old cowboy image the current police system. entering the saloon has certainly come to the fore, and it This is what I meant earlier in saying 10-15 years from certainly is having a counterproductive effectin SouthKorea, now Japan will be defending itself as an independent state. as well as Japan. It's going to happen, one way or the other. We can either Taiwan's another thing. There are people in Taiwan and bring it about in a controlled way, or we can ignore the issue South Korea who feel that the V.S� is not a reliable partner, until it explodes in our faces. . . . that the V. S. is prepared to sacrifice the interests of Taiwan You either get change in a processional, policymaking and South Korea. . . . There is no U. S. commitment to force way, in which the V.S. tries to control these events, or you on behalf of Taiwan, because there is no longer any treaty drift until some big incident, maybe Aum or terrorism would between thetwo . So there are two countrieswhich have been be it, some people thought the earthquake-brings home to very pro-American, which now can see gaps opening up the Japanese, that they finally need a government! This will between themselves and the V.S. set the Y omiuri off and all these new proposals to amend the I do think we have reached a mrning point in V.S.-East Constitution and come up with a new crisis-management Asian relations, especially Japan: relations, over the past government. All of which are good. Our strategyis to encour­ year, when leaders of various parties are going to say "enough age these things, because we can't continue to provide the is enough, we've had enough of being kicked aroundand it's defense of Japan. time that Japan was treated as an equal by the V.S." That's Our job is to frame a world with a balance of power, a an attractive messsage for Japanese politicians when the party world which is very complex for them, not simple .... system is in such chaos .. ..

EIR: This idea of creating a new framework to control the EIR: If the V. S. keeps on the cowboy routine, will this kick global system reminds me of the 1940s debate in the British down the Murayama government? Foreign Office between the "Keep the Empire" group, and Ferdinand: There's no long-term future for the Murayama those who realized you have to coopt the naive Americans, government, anyway. . . . If you think the terrorismis going to control the future . to continue, then clearly you're going to have a population Johnson: It is very similar to that; this is precisely the type more occupied with security than it was before, and that of dilemma posed by current circumstances. means domestic as well as international security. Then you have a kind of mood which is more sympathetic to a stronger EIR: So we need to get away from the old imperial attempt line internationally, one which says Japan should beallowed to simply keep the old Cold War system? to play the place in the world to wbich their economic might Johnson: Whatever you may think of [Henry] Kissinger and entitles them. . . . There have been a lot of articles in the [Zbigniew] Brzezinski, they were at least grand strategists. Japanese press recently about th¢ need for Japan to weigh There isn't anyone even slightly comparable to either of them carefully the extent to which it is �n Asiatic state, the extent in the government now. We need a kind of containment to which its interests conformto those of other Asian powers, policy for the next 40 years. rather than to those of theV. S.

EIR May 26, 1995 International 33 EIR: What do you think of the U.S. revisionists who say, EIR: What about your stratety of breaking up China? "Fine, we'll pull our troops out"? Ferdinand: I think it will happen, but not as a result of Ferdinand: The pressures which the West has been trying anything the outside world does ....It may happen as a to exert on economies of East Asia to conform to free trade result of events in the coastal provinces such as Guangdong, norms , to make it easier for foreigners to invest in their those are the ones with a lot of friction with Beijing, but not economics, are going to evoke a lot more resistance than great movement for full independence. But I could conceive before from East Asia. They're going to be asking, "Why do of the minority areas around the periphery to the west and we have to conform to primarily U.S.-determined rules?" the north remaining a serious: problem for Beijing, serious This obviously could contribute to a sense that East Asia enough that Beijing decides the costs were not worth it, and should stick together more than it has in the past, that it waves them goodbye. IfChina did becomeembroiled in some should set itselfagainst the U.S., rather than see itself as a confrontation with other states 'in Asia, then its hold over the partner. . . . It would probably have the effect of enhancing western and Northern areas w�uld become weaker, and you the need for good relations with mainland China. If they might find them declaring independence and getting away with think relations with the U. S. are going to cause a lot of pain it. Tibet, Xinjiang, and so on. You might find Mongols, too, and suffering, and that China is not threatening, then states begin to set up their own Mongol statecommunity . in East Asia would look toward improving their relations Now China for the next 20-30 years won't be anything with China. other than a regional power. So China can continue to in­ crease its influence in Asia for 20 years . But the impact on EIR: You're warning of a Sino-Japanese alliance? Africa will be relatively slight .• ..China may, as it expands, Ferdinand: Yes, an alliance in the future ... find that it runs into India ag$in to the south-and maybe Russia to the northwest, too. EIR: What do the Japanese and Chinese then say to the Americans, about U.S. troop presence there? EIR: If the U.S. removes its. nuclear umbrella from East Ferdinand: They say: "We don't need you, because we Asia, isn't there the possibilitYlof regional nuclearwar? haven't got a problem anyway. We think that the danger or Ferdinand: Obviously that's lIhe potential. I think thateven threat of mainland Chinese expansionism simply is being if the U.S. pulled out troops from East Asia, it would try to exaggerated by the U.S. for its own interests." maintain some kind of nuclear guarantee to Japan . . . unless I'm not sure the Chinese have a strategy over the next 10 the U.S. pullout leads to Japan developing nuclear weapons, years to expand territory. But the real problems will come in and the Chinese intervene to prevent that. the year 20 10, not the year 2000, when, assuming there has been a smooth succession with no civil war in China, that the EIR: Is there any divergence ofD .K. and U.S. policyin Asia? Chinese economy has continued to grow , and you have a Ferdinand: The British govemment at present is happy to governmentin Beijing which is more sympathetic to military see the U. S. presence in Asia as a stabilizing influence. They national concerns . Then, you have China as a power which perhaps don't want to say so quite as overtly as the U.S., to other states in the region would have reason to fear more than openly say things about Chinese expansionism, because they at the moment. have too much to worry about in Hongkong. But the trouble is that between now and 2010, the coun­ terbalance that the U.S. offered may have been eroded, be­ EIR: That's for between now i and 1997, but what are the cause the U.S. has undermined its acceptibilty. British elites thinking in the back room? Ferdinand: Some are developing an alternative policy to EIR: Then you think the revisionists will prevail? the present, of encouraging regional security arrangements. Ferdinand: Yes. ...It 's at a low level now, butit will get to be more impor­ tant in the future. We Europeans do tend to feel the U.S. is EIR: The Asians then say: Yankee Go Home! insufficiently diplomatic, and that more diplomacy and less Ferdinand: Yes . cowboy tactics might be more successful. At the moment, there are mOre forums for cross-Pacific EIR: And after Yankee's gone home- talks about security issues than there were fiveyears ago, and Ferdinand: Then they're all dependent upon China, be­ there are now institutions being developed to discuss these cause it will be the biggest power in the region, with a spread­ things. These do involve the U,S. at the moment, but they ing of Chinese "influence," to put it mildly. By 2010 China do involve European states. If relations between the U.S. will have the means of dominating its neighbors, and that is and East Asia become more pqlarized, then, these forums simply numbers of people, and military might. But by then, might provide the opportunity fur the states in East Asia to it will be difficult forthe U.S. to come back in from the cold! talk more fully amongst themselves as to what should be Unless something catastrophic happens .... done-and to other partners as well.

34 International EIR May 26, 1995 The Balkans: 'Bring us poison�. , crythe citz ens ofBihac

by Katharine Kanter

The events of the week of May 15 in the Balkans-the shell­ whole kept on trajectory by a Sagge� anti-tank guided weap­ ing, the bombing, the strafing of civilians by the Serbian on. These weapons are so powerful that they have demol­ insurgents-might seem to a frightened outsider "incompre­ ished entire apartment blocks inside �he city of Bihac. hensible madness." No: There is a responsible cause. Those Doubtless feeling that these viplations of the Geneva British and French diplomats , those U.N. officials, who have Convention are not exciting enou$h, the U.N. hasbeen coolly put into place this killing machine, should keep well allowing the Krajina Serbians to ha�t all convoys which at­ in mind that every one of the dead is not a thing, but a human tempt to cross over into Bosnia with food supplies for the being; every one of the dead has a name, and for every crime Bihac pocket. by the Serbians, for which these ice-cold diplomats are the According to Mans Nyberg of the U.N. High Commis­ instigators and the chief accomplices, they will one day be sion for Refugees, as reported in the Madrid daily EI Mundo, brought personally to account. food supplies in the pocket have dropped so far, that the trapped civilians have implored the lV.N.to supply them with 'U .N. Safe Haven' Bihac poison "to put us out of our misery." Between August and October-November of last year, the Bosnian Army launched a major operation to retake the Bihac 'U .N. Safe Haven' Tuzla pocket and the Grmusko-Srbljanski Plateau; in the course of The center of Tuzla, strategically the most importantcity their counteroffensive in November, the Serbians tore up in Bosnia and the capital of Tuzla pI1ovince, has been shelled every clause of the Geneva Convention, raining fragmenta­ almost constantly since early May.! On May 8, the market­ tion bombs and napalm down upon Bihac. Surging to the place was shelled and 13 civilians were wounded; on May 9, Serbians' rescue, the United Nations declared the Bihac the city was taken under artillery fire; on May 15, the town pocket off-limits to western journalists, particularly photo­ center came under heavy shelling lagain as five projectiles reporters , exactly as they did at Gorazde; however, short­ were firedfrom Mt. Ozren onto the Gapital 's thronged streets. wave broadcasts by the city's mayor got through, though A great number of people were wounded. These Serbian garbled, and unleashed an outcry in western Europe. So the attacks on unarmed civilians, so habitual as to go unnoticed U.N.-i.e., the British and the French-declared Bihac a in the western press, were "provoked" by their having to "U.N. Safe Haven." How utterly absurd this is, becomes relinquish their grip on the dominapt peak on Mt. Majevica plain when one realizes that the entire Serbian offensive to the Bosnian Army Second Corps. against Bihac had been mounted out of the zone of the Unpro­ Unprofor has done nothing to stop this. for (U . N. "peacekeeping" forces), i. e. , the Serbian-occupied Croatian Krajina. U.N. travel agency for Serbian insurgents Since early May, the Serbians have been shelling "Safe Next on our agendaofthe week's fresh crimes of the U.N. , Haven" Bihac from Mt. Grmec , the Lohovska Hills, and Mt. whatever happened to the Serbian militiamen fleeingthe Cro­ Pljesevica. They have mounted artillery, tank, and infantry atian offensive to re-take Weste� Slavonia (U.N. Zone attacks, which aim to break through the Bosnian Army Fifth North , in U.N. Newspeak) on May'I-2? These people should Corps defense line to the city of Bihac itself. have been made prisoners of war i and sent back to Serbia. A recent report by the London Times defense correspon­ Instead, Unprofor ushered them Over the border-into the dent indicates that the Serbians are now throwing fuel air province of Banja Luka, which is Serbian-occupied Bosnia! bombs onto Bihac, like those used in the Persian Gulf war On May 13, Bosnian Prime Minister Haris Silajdzic told to "clear out" trenches and detonate minefields. These are a press conference that his government has "firm proof that "home-made" weapons, cast from a rail launcher on a huge, members of U.N. Military Observers (UNMO) and U.N. civil specially built gantry; four 128 mm Russian BM2 1 rockets police (Uncivpol) encourage the iSerbians from Croatia to are bracketed together and attached to 500-pound aircraft leave WesternSlavonia for occupi¢d Bosnia. It is being done bombs or to a standard fuel-air bomb, the FAB 250, the without permission of the legal B<1Isnian authorities who are

EIR May 26, 1995 International 35 that he would "try to avoid" civilians and Unprofor soldiers. NATO planes waited two hoUl� before even making over­ flights over Sarajevo as the b01bardments began.

Croatia: accomplice or a Iy? iI What will Croatia do next? In Bonn, President Franjo Tudjman of Croatia told Chancellor Helmut Kohl that he would withdraw all Croatian tr90Ps from Western Slavonia, the U.N. buffer zone occupie� by the Croatian Army, by 8:00p.m. on May 16; this was also the tenor of his conversa­ tion with British Foreign Secre 'ary Douglas Hurd the week before . Kohl and German Forei�n Minister Klaus Kinkel are believed to have stressed to Tudjman, that economic aid and Croatia's "partnership" with th European Union dependon Tudjman "keeping his promises" to the Serbian occupiers. However, according to the London Independent, only a "few hundred" Croatian soldiers have lactually leftSla vonia, 1 ,200 remaining in what is called ,,�.N. Sector North." An un­ known number of Serbian soldiers are still in the zone. It is Bosnian Prime Minister Haris Silajdzic: U.N. observers are also reported that Croatian troods are within 20 krn of Knin, taking " an active part in committing genocide." the capital of Serbian-occupied Krajina. On May 13-14, fromoccupi�d EasternSl avonia, the Ser­ not even consulted. The Serb population is transported by bians fired 3,000 tank, howitzer, and mortar missiles upon I UNCRO; by permission of the self-proclaimed local authori­ the Orasje area, the key to the rcko corridor, and, as the � ties subordinated to Karadzic, they are accommodated in the Croatians are now giving logistical support from over the houses of the killed or expelled Bosniaks and Croats and other Sava to the Bosnians, the Serbs !have been shelling the Cro­ non-Serbs. atian town ofZupanjajust over the river. Were the Croatians "In this way 9,945 Serbians from Slavonia have arrived to defy the U.N. and cut the vu nerable Brcko corridor, the in Bosnia. If it is the implementing of the scenario, to deliber­ Serbians would lose the supply line linking their occupied ately change the demographic picture in Bosnia, it represents territories. But will they? an active part in committing genocide. That is another proof charging the international community of maintaining the war Enemy diplomacy As the Bosnian Army is incr asingly successful and well­ within Bosnian borders as their primary task" (emphasis l added) . armed, and the Croatian Army 'ncreasingly restive, enemy diplomacy has been scuttling fr9m pillar to post, demanding 'U.N. Save Haven' Sarajevo a "thorough review" of United Nations policy in the Balkans. Bosnian General Bilajac has been trying to cut off the Translated from Newspeak, thi� means the British and the two main enemy supply routes ringing the capital city, one French have a problem: how to �eep the war festering indefi­ of which links the Serbian stronghold Pale to their military nitely, so as to tie down German� and Central Europe, all the base at Lukavica, the other leading to the Serbian suburb of while juggling to avoid any deci live move in favor of Bosnia Vogosca. Immediately, according to U.N. spokesmen them­ by the United States, and the U S.-NATO air forces. U.N. selves, the Serbians "took over" (read : were allowed to take Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghaliwas in Paris, meet­ over) a U.N. heavy weapons collection site, sealed it off with ing with high U.N. officials a�d assorted diplomats, and mines, and trained the guns on the capital. proposing that the "Safe Havel s" be "demilitarized" (!); On May 16, in the most violent combats since 1993, Alain Juppe, the new French pri'Yemini ster, met with British cannon, tank fire, mortars , heavy machine guns, and anti­ Foreign Secretary Hurd, to decl e that "things cannot remain � air flak, weapons supposedly the object of a 20 krn U.N. as they are"; and it is now rumor d that the Devon and Dorset exclusion zone, were firedinto the center ofthe city from the Regiments based at Vitez in ce9tral Bosnia will replace the hills southeast. French Gen. Herve Gobillard , Unprofor head French Unprofor troops around Sarajevo, which are deemed for Sarajevo, said: "We will not involve ourselves, under "problematic." any pretext, in activities which might favor one or another Meanwhile, out of gratitude tr,I rhaps to their travel agents faction, and thereby put the lives of our soldiers into danger," in the United Nations, Serbian ilitiamen in the province of � and British Gen. Rupert Smith, commanding U.N. forces in Banja Luka blew up two Catholic churches and a convent, Bosnia, spoke to Serbian General Mladic, who "promised" killing an elderly monk and a nub.

36 International EIR May 26, 1995 LaRouche in Hallepa ys to mathematician tribute Georg Cantor by Wolfgang Lillge, M.D.

"For my works I ask for partisanship--not partisanship for 1899: "I myself beganto learnto play the fiddleat theage of my ephemeral person, but rather partisanship for the truth, six, and I got a good way along; only the strange idea that which is eternal." This dictum of Georg Cantor (1845-1918) came to me in my 16th year-I no longer know how-of was the theme of a seminar on May 6 in the German city of making my living from mathematics, steered me away from Halle, at which the Schiller Institute honored the great Ger­ pursuing that happy career as an intist, and my violin has man mathematician. The keynote speaker was American now lain for 30 years, abandoned aM pining away in its dusty economist Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. , who frequently empha­ case, only now and thento awaken� ithinme fleetingdoubts, sizes his debt to Cantor. as to whether I might not have been. happier, had I continued The fact that the name Cantor is now known almost exclu­ to be faithful to it." sively by specialists, can be attributed to the fact that even After his school years in Wies1l>aden and Darmstadt (his during his lifetime, he was massively attacked by his oppo­ family in 1856 moved to near Frapkfurt am Main), Cantor nents, and his work was, to some extent, deliberately misrep­ studied in Berlin and Zurich, in l869 became a university resented and mangled. True enough, George Cantor is con­ lecturerin Halle, and then in 1872 an extraordinaryprofessor sidered to be the founder of the theory of aggregates; but of mathematics. Becoming the Ordinarius for Mathematics what is today understood by "the theory of aggregates" or in 1879, he then experienced the most creative period of "group theory" has little to do with the pioneering concepts his life, during which he published his Grundlagen einer that Cantor developed. aUgemeinen Mannigfaltigkeitslehre (Foundations of a Gen­ The chairman of the Schiller Institute, Helga Zepp­ eral Theoryof Manifolds). LaRouche, opened the seminar, which was attended by 50 De Paoli reported how directly after that, a sharp count­ people, by pointing out that Cantor can only be properly erreaction occurred, involving panicularly the mathemati­ honored by further developing his ideas. A member of the cians around Leopold Kronecker, who launched a veritable City Council of Halle conveyed a message of greeting from witchhunt against Cantor and his new mathematical concep­ the city administration, and pointed out that Halle, Cantor's tions. And unfortunately, these r�roaches and accusations "second home," is now the "cultural capital" of the state of had a tragic effect upon Cantor. For the first time in 1884, Saxony-Anhalt, and that Halle's Georg Cantor Gymnasium and more and more strongly from that time on, he suffered is carrying out the education of gifted students. fromemotional crises which, togetherwith disappointments, outside pressure, and animosity, periodicallybrought him to De Paoli: Cantor's life complete collapse. Increasingly he turned away from pure In the first presentation, titled "The Meaning and the mathematicsand concernedhimself with philosophy, theolo­ Work of Georg Cantor for the Arts and Sciences Today," gy, and other questions. In 1887, bis Mitteilungen zur Lehre Dino De Paoli sketched out the most important points in the des Transfinitum (Communications on the Theory of the life of the great mathematician, who worked for many years Transfinite) was published. at Halle University, and also died there. De Paoli gave a detailed descriptionof how, at thattime , Born in St. Petersburg on March 3, 1845 , Georg Cantor the whole cultural environment in Germany was becoming came from a family that was very musical, as was he himself: increasingly degenerate, as Romantic, Nietzschean, and jin­ "I belong, on my mother's side, to a family of violin virtuosi. goistic pan-Germanic ideas began to spread. As examples, My grandfather and my grandmother . . . as imperial violin he mentioned the strangetheses of thewriter Julius Langbehn virtuosi in St. Petersburg, delighted musical circles there; (Rembrandt as Educator of the German People), the increas­ and my great uncle Joseph Boehm headed a conservatory in ingly crude anti-Semitism, and the hyped-up debate at that Vienna, and is the founder of a famous school for violinists." time, over whether theBritish Aristotelian philosopher Fran­ As a matter of fact, this great uncle had direct contact cis Bacon was "thereal Shakespeare." with Beethoven; Cantor's mother was a very talented singer. Cantor, who was oriented toward a Classical, Christian Cantor himself originally wanted to be an artist. He wrote in worldview, intuitively opposed this cultural brew of Nietz-

EIR May 26, 1995 International 37 it lies his fundamental convictio , that the Absolute cannot be definedin mathematical terms-the same conception, which later led to the theory of relativtty. Furthermore, he wrote: "Every mathematical entity whi�h describes the Absolute, is a contradiction in itself." Const!Huently, for Cantor there is also no "largest cardinal numb�r," which includes all the numbers imaginable-as, for ex mple, Bertrand Russell as­ serted at the turn of the century. The totality of the universe cannot be expressed in formal t rms. In entirely Leibnizian terms, Cantor wrote: "In my vidw, time is a supplementary or correlative concept, through rhiCh the relation between various movements arising out of nature and perceived by us, are identified. Such a thing a objective or absolute time, occurs nowhere in nature." The "power" of the Absolute is in no way absolute, if one concedes the existence of �n unbridgeable gap in the succession from Xo to XI ' This pLts the question of causality in a different light, and in this co�nection De Paoli referenced Leibniz's conception of continui�y, and Bernhard Riemann's "continuity in discontinuous spabe." Cantor's answer to this paradox was that something Atlsolute is required, namely God, in order to have causality i discontinuous space. De Paoli illustrated Cantor'sf onception of "bounded in­ finity" with the image that the in�nite universe is bounded by Georg Cantor: His importance can be gauged by the viciousness the inner kind of measurement 0 creative human thought. of his Aristotelian opponents' attacks against him .

LaRouche: There are no limits to growth sche, Bismarck, and Haeckel's nature religion and philoso­ Both of the other speakerJ at the seminar, Lyndon phy of life, which, in the final analysis, sought to simply LaRouche and Dr. Jonathan Te�nenbaum, developed vari­ banish the paradox between human creativity and the relation ous aspects of Cantor's central doncepts further. LaRouche of man to God. In a letter to Friedrich Loofs , Cantor wrote explained that he had come to �alle in order to show how in 1900 : "By the way, I have recently for the first time had much he has to thank Cantor for,1 in his own scientificdevel­ the opportunity to form a precise picture of the so-called opment. His presentation, "There Are No Limits to Growth: Nietzschean philosophy (an appendage of Haeckel's monis­ Cantor's Concept of infinity in Etonomic Science," outlined tic de�elopment philosophy). Because of its stylistic appeal, the scientific tradition from Plat� through Nicolaus of Cusa it meets with an uncritical appreciation among us, which, to Leibniz, Riemann, and Canto�. One can only understand considering its perverse content and the herostratic, anti­ Cantor, if one sees him in this s ientific historical tradition, Christian motifs , seems to me to be most highly ques­ which was diametrically opposed to that of Aristotle, as tionable." transmitted, via the Venetian Pa' 10 Sarpi, to Galileo and to It was no accident, that Cantor felt repulsed by these anti­ Newton. Christian "innovators," since his whole thought was aimed, LaRouche discussed the breakthrough, of Gottfried Leib­ with direct reference to Plato and Leibniz, toward defininga niz in economic science, "the I revolution in cameralism new unity in the seemingly infinite. He wrote about his most through the idea of power, in the sense of energy and new important scientificdisco very: "By manifold or aggregate. I forms of technology increasing Ithe power of labor." This generally understand every Many which can be conceived of concept was opposed to the threq other principal currents of as One. i.e., that totality of determinate elements which by economic thought: the Physiocrats, Adam Smith, and Karl some law can be bound into a whole; and with this, I believe Marx. I I am defining something which is related to the Platonic Already during the 1950s, LaRouche explained, he came . eidos or idea. and to what Plato, in one of his dialogues­ across Cantor as he was analYZi�g the concept of infinity in Philebos--called mixton." Riemann's "habilitation" paper, at the end of which Riemann Just as for Plato, so, too, for Cantor, the antithesis be­ explains that he now had to leave the domain of mathematics tween the infinite and the finite is not an absolute, but the and enter the domain of physics. Through his own scientific point of departure for a new process of generation. Cantor's discoveries--especially on the roblem of measuring eco­ I famous Aleph series was the best expression of this. Behind nomic processes-Cantor had pI yed a decisive role for him,

38 International EIR May 26, 1995 Peoples War : roup terrorizes IndiI a by Ramtanu Maitra and Susan Maitra

The 'hocking demon'tration of fire we, by the Libern';on Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LITE), 'thenL LITE troops shot down a Sri Lankan Air Force plane lin early May using sur­ face-to-air missiles, has proven beyond doubt the growing military capability ofthe Tigers, which is now a major branch of internationalterrorist organizatio�s. The Tigers' challenge to the S I. Lankan military is no longer a problem for Sri Lanka alone, as the hushed voices in the relevant corridors of New D6 hi's South Block (gov­ ernment offices, including the Foriign Ministry and prime minister's offices) attest. It is evid�nt that the Tigers have developed strong links with Indi 's Peoples War Group Lyndon LaRoucheaddresses the seminar: "Economic science is (PWG), otherwise labelled "Naxalites." The linkup between the ordering of discontinuities in the sense of Cantor' s concept of powers." the two is the kind of natural arrankement that often exists between terrorist groups, w ich int�ract and ov rl p in han­ . � � � . dling drugs and guns. DespIte pubbc bravado, It IS eVIdent LaRouche said. that terrorist threats are hanging ovef India, and, unless India Every new idea exists first in the form of a metaphor, and urgently deals with the situation and tn a much sternermanner not as an assemblage of digital information. The question is than it has so far dealt with either th I Tigers or the Naxalites, thus posed: How do we measure progress? "Every time you the drug-gun nexus will grow. have scientific progress, you have a discontinuity. . . . And How powerful the terrorists ha f become in South Asia in that sense, economic science is the ordering of discontinu­ is evident from recent reports, which categorically state that . ities in the sense of Cantor's concept of powers." To organize the Tigers now have a better-equ 1 ped Navy than the Sri a society on the basis of scientificprogr ess, you have to look Lankan government. And with the� discovery of an airstrip for anomalies, although you do not know the result of your in the Jaffna peninsula in northe Sri Lanka, the Tigers' search in terms of measurement. "If you are in a swamp," he stronghold, there is a growing fear that the Tigers may now I said, "you have to findthe stones to walk on. You don't have deploy their aircraft in strikes again t the Sri Lankan popula­ to count them; you don't have to know how many there are; tion and military installations. you only have to findthem ." Indian paralysis must end Tennenbaum: Looking to the future India has little choice but to acc t certain unsavoryreali­ Dr. Jonathan Tennenbaum's concluding presentation, ties. First, the Tigers are capable ofl owning civilian aircraft. "Can Georg Cantor's Work Be a Contribution to the Neces­ And, second, these weapons will ooner or later find their sary Scientificand Technological Revolution of the Future?" way into the hands of India-based !terrorist groups such as elaborated the scientific theoretical and moral implications the PWG, located in Andhra Pradesh. As of yet, the Indian of Cantor's work. Using examples from history, he showed reaction to these terrorists has sho�n little imagination and how creative ideas have changed the material world in often even less concern. One of the reas1ns for such paralysis, is unforeseeable ways-mentioning Plato, Leonardo da Vinci, the vested-interest politics of indi iduals who continue to Dmitri Mendeleyev, Max Planck, and others. One of the play all possible sides in this dangerous situation. most essential domains in which mankind today can expand In India, the Unlawful Activitibs (Prevention) Act has its horizons, is in the colonization of space. Here the line of been routinely used to baH a num�r of organizations. The creative discontinuities can be continued into the future, he Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) , a terrorist said. group seeking an independent Kashrhirand a major contribu-

EIR May 26, 1995 International 39 tor to the Kashmir turmoil, has been banned for years under cal Youth League, Radical Students Union, Rayat Coolie the act. The United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) and Union, Jana Natya Mandali, and Dandakaranya Adivasi the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN), based Kisan Mazdoor Union, which 'facilitate' intense activities at in northeast India, are also banned. every level. The only organization not banned under the act is the For years, the government !treated the Naxalites, includ­ PWG. While other organizations are banned under a central ing the PWG, as law and ord�r problems, without looking law which applies nationwide, the PWG is banned only under into the objectives of the organizations. Whenever the Naxa­ the state law of Andhra Pradesh. This has leftthe PWG free lites escalated killings, kidnappings, and other crimes, police to operate throughout the region, including the contiguous and paramilitary forces were rushed to the scene. As the tribal areas of Maharashtra, Mandhya Pradesh, and Orissa. newsworthiness of the Naxalit¢-led attacks subsided and the From time to time, intelligence leaks matter-of-factly point interest in the event petered out, the government invariably out that the PWG has established contacts with the Tamil reverted to business-as-usual. : This is a pattern which has Tigers, ULFA, and the Indian People's Front, a Bihar-based been followed for years, giving the impressionthat eitherthe Naxalite outfit. government is incapable of rclsolving the problem, or the The Naxalite movement in Andhra Pradesh, more than problem just vanished. Both imvressions, however, arefal se. three decades old, has grown increasingly violent and apoliti­ 1 cal. Controlling the tribal areas deep inside the forest areas International connectio s bordering four states, the PWG has terrorized the region, In fact, such deliberate in� ecisiveness has allowed the making the state kneel before it. In the late 1980s and early PWG and other Naxalite grou s to expand and set up chan­ 1990s, the PWG was involved in a spate of kidnappings of nels with other secessionist for�bs inside and outside of India. Andhra Pradesh state legislators , government employees, Its links with such far-flung grJups as the NSCN and ULFA and policemen. These incidents and killings had made the also raise questions about the tfficacyof Indian intelligence government scramble in search of a solution. and its priorities. PWG's links with the Tigers, in particular, pose a serious threat to India's security. Considering the Preachers of nihilism Tigers' capabilities, the PWG dan be activated by the Tigers The PWG has succeeded mostly in the tribal areas where to subvert the Indian polity from within in case of an Indian abj ect poverty and deprivation has left residents little hope. intervention in Sri Lanka to tatne or wipe out the terrorists To these forgotten Indians, the PWG, with an outright fascist there. If that happens, the bomb blast in Oklahoma City may and terrorist outlook, poses as the Messiah, while exploiting begin to look like a minor incident. Already it has been them to build up its capabilities. Meanwhile, the poor get reported, but intelligence offic$ls have refused to acknowl­ more enmeshed in poverty , sometimes becoming outlaws. edge, that the two prime suspects in the Rajiv Gandhi assassi­ Outside of the tribal areas, the PWG has deepened its roots nation, who were finally cornered near Bangalore, were in areas where land reform has not been carried out to any heading toward the PWG-dominated area for safe-housing significant extent and the success of the Green Revolution and eventual safe passage out of India. has brought prosperity only to a handful of landowners. To In addition to the Tigers, the PWG has nurtured other these unfortunates, whose families have lived in this milieu friends abroad. In 1992, Asia Watch, a U.S.-based division for generations, the PWG advice is not how to become part of Human Rights Watch, released a reportcharging the An­ of the Green Revolution, but how to destroy it, while making dhra Pradesh police with killing innocent tribals, i.e., Naxa­ promises that only through terrorism can one acquire wealth. lites. "State police and federal forces collude with politically The process has created killers out of ordinary folks who the influential landowners to assault and murder peasants and PWG then use to run their guns and drugs. tribal villagers in the name of fighting terrorism," the 49- About two years ago, Ash Narain Roy, an observer of page reportassert ed. the Naxalite movement, described in the Hindustan Times There is no question that in!the absence of a state policy how electoral politics is played by the Naxalites. As the to contain and abolish such organizationsas the PWG, police hardcore killers, like the PWG leaders, continue to preach actions amount to kneejerk reactionswhich usually end with the "ultimate revolution" as the vehicle for social change, violence and assault. Howeverj Asia Watch was more con­ Naxalites have been allowed to take part in padiamentary siderate of PWG. Admitting t�at the PWG has "pursued a politics in Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, and West Bengal. In An­ campaign of violence that has involved grave violations, dhra Pradesh, where the PWG calls the shots in most of the including assassinations and kidnappings of political figures tribal areas, the Unity Center for Communist Revolution of and civil servants, and bombing of and arson at bus depots, India, an umbrella group of the PWG, has participated in government offices and railWay crossings," the report elections. In addition, the PWG has set up a string of front pointed out that in trying to curb the militants, "the govern­ organizations in the tribal area of Bastar in Madhya Pradesh, ment has actually encouraged I wanton lawlessness by the where it is king. These front organizations include the Radi- security forces."

40 International EIR May 26, 1995 Interview: Col. Yakubu Mu'azu

Nigeria's fight for development: theexp erience of Sokoto state

Colonel Mu' azu is the military administrator of Nigeria's adaptation of the culture of the people who are here, mostly Sokoto state. He was interviewed by Lawrence Freeman on growers and so forth. I am not very good in the history of April 29 in Sokoto. how the whole thing happened, so I do not want to make serious mistakes. Nevertheless, what Sheikh Bin Fodio EIR: The state of Sokoto is very important in history and brought was Islam, and Islarn has its own system of jurisdic­ culture in Nigeria, especially for northern Nigeria. Could tion, of administration, concerningbelievers and non-believ­ you fill ourreaders in on some of the significanceof Sokoto? ers , which I believe shaped the destiny and the way the Mu'azu: As you have rightly mentioned, Sokoto really people think, up till now. forms the necklace of what used to be northern Nigeria, the There is nothing wrong now between the north and the modem northern Nigeria. It is the base from which the south per se. When you look at Nigeria, differences in renowned Jihadist Usman Bin Fodio established, over 100 religion abound. There are many Muslims in the south, as years ago, an administration, jurisdiction, and learning­ there are many in the north; there are Christians in thenorth , Islamic learning-that captured not only the whole of as there are Christians in the south. The only thing you northern Nigeria, but a great part of West Africa, cutting can say is, perhaps, that some parts of Nigeria are more across Nigeria to what is now known as Mali. Therefore, it dominated by certain religions than others. The differences was a quite wide influence. It was an excellent adminis­ have been blended over the years, either because of people tration thatwas established, so much so that when the Brit­ accepting other people's faith, or because of the unity and ish came in, they decided to continue with that form of ad­ destiny of the country, Nigeria, itself. I believe thatis unify­ ministration, or indirect rule, because there was an ing Nigeria, rather than bringing a difference. excellent system of administration, an excellent system of judiciary , tax collection, and the like. Sokoto became the EIR: Could you tell us about Sokoto state-what are the center of learning, the center of administration, and the industries, the major occupations, the areas that you have power base. That has influenced happenings in Nigeria for targeted for development, as the military administrator of some time. the state? We have two great leaders of Nigeria who came out of Mu'azu: That is one of the ironies of Sokoto state. Having what is now Sokoto state: the late Sir Ahmadu Bello and been the center of administration,power, and learning, today the former President, the first and only Executive President, Sokoto is without basic infrastruc1iure, as far as industries President Shagari. are concerned. A few were started,' a few are still going on, We have been contributing to the development of our but definitely a lot still needs to be done. Sokoto state is country, to ensure its political viability and economic well­ agrarian; it lives mostly on the land. It is that way because being, as well as social well-being. of the river that crosses the state-the Sokoto River. We have two big dams, the Goranyo and the Bakalori dams. EIR: Could you say something about the history of the They are excellent reservoirs, with which you can carry out Fulani coming into Hausa and how this shaped the culture irrigation throughout the year. Th4!re are also other dams, here, that was considered different than the southern culture like Kamalo, Kware, and of course the Wumo dam, just to of Nigeria? name a few . There are some smaller ones scattered around Mu'azu: Usman Bin Fodio was a Fulani man. He brought the state. withhim his culture. Anybody who is learned in the history The state is very arable, very fertile. In fact, we have of West Africa and the history of the Fulani knows that the some parts of the state, where it is believed that if you just Fulani people, even when they conquer a place, adopt the put your finger in the ground, and you can tolerate leaving culture of the people they conquer, rather than imposing it there for long enough, it will grow. I think we have their own culture. Therefore , I sincerely believe it was an the second-largest num�r of livestock in Nigeria-cows,

EIR May 26, 1995 International 41 The other democracies need to see beyond the ordinaryproblems that Nigeria has, and see what sacrifices have been made, what peace has been established, what viable programs are coming up to develop the economy . to be able to do thingsJor Nigeria and by Nigerians.

camels, goats . We have the famous red-skinned goats that we can supply fish to the whole country. give the Moroccan leather that people talk about. One of One of the other areas of basic commercial activity, or the areas we are heavily into is livestock. Leatherwork is industrialization actually, is in day-to-day interaction within one of our day-to-day activities: handbags, shoes, and the our market. We have to develop the market system, in order like. We have some tanneries associated with that, and a to see that we go back to the traditional way of trade and few individuals who do some milking, yogurt manufacture, interaction, because the market of Sokoto state, being on and meat production. the border, goes beyond the borders of the country; you can The other industries that are still surviving include the spread out to the other parts i of West Africa, and good Sokoto Furniture Factory, the various tanneries, the Zam­ trade relations can go a 10ngJ way to promote industrial fara textile mill. We are trying very hard to resuscitate the development and commercial activities. Gusau oil mill. About three weeks ago, we went to see it As to private individuals, there are very few that have tested, in order to start production, because this is some­ developed their own industries� apart from the manufacture thing that was left unused. We have gotten it some money, of some consumer items or furniture or other things for and it has started production-at least, a test run is going day-to-day living. But this is still in its infancy, and we are on. doing our best to promote lattge-scale industries that can It is a very viable industry, because this state is one of use most of the basic raw materials that we have, especial­ the largest producers of cotton and ground nuts, and those ly as they are agro-allied. We have a few big flour compa­ are the basic raw materials for that industry to produce both nies, tomato companies, corned beef companies, and the cotton linen, as well as various oils, vegetable oils or oil like-agro-allied industries; we would also like to develop for cooking. A byproduct is animal feed, which we are them. And textiles later, to beaome much bigger than what working hard on . I believe that factory , when it is revived, we have now, so that we can i produce fabrics that can be will be able to increase the industrial and commercial activ­ sold to various organizations within the country and ities of the state. outside. The other industry we are trying to resuscitate is the brick The land is there for deveropment. I believe there is a industry. We have large deposits of clay and limestone and lot of room for industrial development. We have carved out the like. This industry had been working very hard, but a lot of industrial areas, fully electrified and with the provi­ packed up all of a sudden, because of the economic recession. sion of water; labor is cheap, �nd the rent is cheap, so it is That will go along with what we call the Wu Comat; it pro­ a very attractive place for industrial development. General­ duces brick for construction. Connected with that is the one ly there is calm and peace within the state, which are all el­ we want to establish at Talata Mafara, which is also a brick ements of an excellent industriial and commerical basis for and ceramic company. the state. We are hoping to cash in on these advantages, in There is also the phosphate industry, because we have order to make the state more viable. large deposits of phosphates. We believe this will help in our dream to produce fertilizer and water treatment chemi­ EIR: Moving back to the political situation: Next month cals. We have a large deposit of lime, and you will find will be the conclusion of the Cnstitutional Conference that that Sokoto cement is also produced here . We believe we was given the task by General Abacha to come up with a have gypsum in commercial quantities; all we need is to start Constitution. That is a big item in the news here, and also the constructionof that, which will help in our production of in the West. How do you assess the accomplishments of cement and allied products. this conference, after nearly one year? In the agricultural sector, we have normal subsistence Mu'azu: I believe that one oflthe greatest things that will farming, as well as cash crops, including gum arabic. We have happened to Nigeria is th� Constitutional Conference. have the fishery industry, which ' we are trying to develop I could not believe that in my liifetime, I would see the type in order to get enough fish within the state-and I am sure of development I saw: NigeriaJlls sitting together, at a time

42 International EIR May 26, 1995 when the country was at the point that it looked like it was been making, in order to create a viable and ever-lasting disintegrating, to rationalize, to analyze issues, to tell each democracy. other the truth, and to forget about where you come from, What assistance have the demoQracies of the world, the what religion you belong to. When that stabilization was so-called democracies of the world, �iven, in order to ensure achieved, some other issues came in, because people fall viable democracy? You will disco�r that democracies are back to their little closets-"I belong to this section," "I of different shades and colors. Th, type of democracy in belong to this religion," and so forth. It shows the Nigerian Britain is slightly different than th¢ type of democracy in people at work, and there is nothing as good and as powerful France, so also in Germany, so al�o in the United States, as when people�xperienced individuals, who have been or anywhere else. Therefore, NigeQa has to systematically governing a place-put their minds to solving Nigeria's fashion out a more viable democtacy for itself. What I problems. believe the other parts of the world can do, is to see how I believe they have done excellent work; we have been best they can assist in institutionaliZing democracy, getting able to work on the question of what should be, and the a viable economy, and so on. The pther democracies need issue of who is dominating whom, who is holding economic to see beyond the ordinary problenjts that Nigeria has, and power, who is holding political power. A lot of understand­ see what sacrifices have been mad�, what peace has been ing was brought to bear, and people expressed their minds established, what viable programs .e coming up in Nigeria freely. I believe there is nothing that could be better. They to develop the economy, to develpp political well-being, came at a time when Nigeria was in need of people who and to give our people education, �e care of our hospitals, are very committed, who are thoughtful, who have follow­ and basic communications, and to � able to do things for ers, and who have experience. And I can assure you that Nigeria and by Nigerians. I believ� that is the basic issue, those people were an excellent selection, by their various and that is where the outside worl4 should be able to look communities, and they are the cream of Nigerian society, at Nigeria and give it every possib.e assistance, in order to and they came to bare their demands. Regardless of what develop itself. i other individuals will have here and there. They were able It doesn't matter what govel11Il1Pnt you have, as long as to objectively look at the areas of contention within the the government has people who h*ve moral backing, who Constitution, and make recommendations. They have de­ articulate good programs that sta.,lize a nation, that give bated it; now they will make the recommendation to the peace to a nation, and give it prosperity. I believe the current Armed Forces' Ruling Council, which will look at it, debate administration is doing that. Most iimportantly, the current it, and pass it out, so that the country can go back to a administration is highly committedi to democracy, and defi­ viable democracy. nitely this administration will notl stay a day longer than The Provisional Revolutionary Ruling Council will de­ necessary to ensure the democrati

EIR May 26, 1995 International 43 triggered by the Mexican peso devaluation last December, Argentines are extremely fearful about the future; but they saw no other alternative to Menem and weren't prepared to hand the government over to the leftist Bord6n. The offen­ sive against the Armed Forces has also started to backfire. Menem sweeps Argentine Kissinger weighed in In the period leading up to the elections, Menem and Cavallo performed a complicaredballet to prevent the coun­ elections; what next? try's crisis-ridden financial and:banking system fromfo llow­ ing the Mexican route. Over $8.5 billion fled the banking by Cynthia R. Rush system between December and April, and oligarchical con­ cerns over the fragility of the Argentine situation were such In the May 14 presidential elections, incumbent President that heavyweight Henry Kissinger was deployed in early Carlos Saul Menem won a solid victory with 49.5% of the April straight from London to lctlbbyon behalf of the "Argen­ vote, against 30% for his closest contender, Jose Octavio tine model" and Menem's reelection. Cavallo managed to Bord6n of the leftistFrepaso coalition, while Horacio Mas­ cajole multilateral lending agencies into providing $9 billion saccesi of the Radical Civic Union (UCR) garnereda humili­ to help prop up the banking system. ating 17%. Menem's sweeping win gives his Justicialista Claims that "Argentina is not Mexico" got the duo Party an absolute majority in Congress, which he is expected through the elections-barely.IBut the harsh austerity poli­ to use to ram through further International Monetary Fund­ cies they are expected to apply; as demanded by the interna­ dictated structural reformsto the Argentine economy, which tional banking community, will only hasten the explosion had been delayed by political opposition. which is brewing. Finance Minister Domingo Cavallo, who will stay on As the London Financial .Times argued editorially on in the cabinet, is crowing that the election results prove the May 16, Menem may have petformed satisfactorily so far, validity of his convertibility program, which pegs the peso "but Argentina has a long way tb go" before it complies with one-to-one to the dollar, and that it was the key to the the standards of a "competitive imarket economy" desired by government's having rescued the country from hyperinfla­ the City of London. With an ubemployment rate of 12.2%, tion in 1991. which could go up to 14% b� year's end, Menem is pro­ In the final days leading into the elections, several pro­ mising to create 330,000jo bs a:year. But, the paper warned, British analysts predicted that Bord6n had gained sufficient "fiscal laxity will be severely punished by the financial ground to force Menem into a second round, possibly re­ markets, so the government will be limited in its ability to sulting in a win for the former Peronistgovernor of Mendoza create jobs directly." Instead, the London daily demanded, province. Bord6n, a member of the Inter-American Dia­ the government must ram thro1ilgh social security and labor logue, a Wall Street-linked think-tank, didn't distinguish reforms, measures which win eliminate job security and himself from Menem on programmatic questions; he fully collective bargaining, and target the elderly for destruction. backed the government's speculation-based, free-market The planned privatization of the provincial banking policies. Instead, he launched broadside attacks against system, which will eliminate smaller state and cooperative Menem, charging him with corruption. banks, will deny small and medium-sized businesses access Bord6n otherwise acted as an outright agent of the Cas­ to credit, causing shutdowns �d layoffs in regions already troite Sao Paulo Forum, whose witchhunt against the Armed convulsed by popular anger over the inability of provincial Forces and charges that the government is covering up files governments to pay their worloors' wages. Demonstrations relating to the 1970s war against subversion were used to and strikes in several provinces erupted in the months scandalize Menem in the period leading up to the election. preceding the election and will escalate as austerity deepens. Bord6n joined the chorus of human rights lobbyists de­ Of course, Menem has the option of turning his back manding that military personnel be tried and punished for on this agenda, and there are some indications that nationalist past human rights abuses, and even called for a "truth com­ forces are pressuring him to dd so. Even the remote possi­ mission" similar to what the United Nations set up in EI bility that he might decide to fo llow the route of Peruvian Salvador to destroy that nation's military. President Alberto Fujimori, and wield personal power to In the end, however, people opted for Menem-not defend national institutions, has London extremelynervo us. because, as the President and Cavallo claim, they think the This is why the Financial Times insisted that Menem's government's economic model "works" and have reaped priority should be to "rebuild I the institutions of state to benefits from it. On the contrary , having suffered severe provide enduring confidence in,the economy ....Stability austerity in recent months and the fallout from the crisis hangs on too narrowa threadif it depends pn one individual. "

44 International ElK May 26, 1995 Dateline Mexico by Valerie Rush

EZLN financing under investigation 1994 Special Report, "Shining Path Foreign financing of the Zapatista terrorists is coming under North Explodes in Mexico.") After Adveniat's Bishop Grave scrutiny as demands fo r a probe grow. left the CELAM cpnference, he head­ ed straight for San Crist6bal, where he met with Ruiz and reportedly audited the diocese's accounts. He German auxiliary bishop Franz operations of Bishop Ruiz, otherwise then told the press that "no diversion Grave, also the president of the Ger­ known as the EZLN's "Commander of funds has been detected, as was man Roman Catholic charity Adveni­ Numero Uno." speculated in Mexico." Maybe, and at, deployed himself to the lO-day According to a note by the Ger­ maybe not. But Grave's endorsement meeting of the Latin American Bish­ man wire service DPA published in of Ruiz' s work with the Indians of ops Council (CELAM) held in Mexi­ the Mexican daily Excelsior on May the region, i.e., his support for the co in early May, where he attempted 3, the Adveniat mission to Mexico EZLN, is a de facto endorsement of to quash reports that his organization was designed not only to gather infor­ that violent upris�ng. and its sister German charityMisereor mation and consider granting new Bishop Grave's denials do not ap­ had funnelled millions of dollars of contributionsto the Mexican Catholic pear to have cah�led the waters. On ' "donations" into the hands of Bishop Church, but also to "protect its invest­ May 11, Mexico ,5 bishop of Zacatec­ Samuel Ruiz, who in turn used the ments" in Chiapas. In an Aug. 19, as, Msgr. Javiel1 Lozano Barragan, money to finance the narco-terrorist 1994 advertisement placed by Misere­ told the press that there had been dis­ insurgency in the Mexican state of or in Germany's Siiddeutsche Zei­ cussion in the CELAM conference re­ Chiapas known as the Zapatista Na­ tung, the charity declared, "Your garding foreign I financing of the tional Liberation Army , or EZLN. Misereor contribution is in good EZLN. "Unspeakable interests have Msgr. Dieter Spelthahn, a direc­ hands with Samuel Ruiz. With it he been financingthe guerrillas, seeking tor of Adveniat also attending the pays for . . . justice for the indige­ openly to harm Mexico and thus its CELAM conference, issued a state­ nous in Mexico ....They see him national soverei�nty," said Monsi­ ment to the press early in the confer­ as one of theirs and can rely on him, gnor Lozano. He concluded, urging, ence denying that his organization such that Misereor can imagine no "Only the governplent can investigate had given funds to the EZLN , but one better in Chiapas for using dona­ and determine if there are foreign nonetheless defending both Bishop tions from Germany in the way the funds going to Chiapas to finance Ruiz and the narco-terrorists. "What donors want." from abroad uprisings and insta­ is happening in Chiapas is something As EIR has documented, Samuel . bility. " that came about logically, because the Ruiz has used his longstanding influ­ The call for �uch an investigation ethnic groups have lived there in mis­ ence as a bishop and his advocacy of has also been p�cked up inside the ery for a long time," he said. "liberation theology" to organize for Mexican Congreiss. On May 8, PRI Reports of foreign financingof the the creation of an "autochthonous senator from the. state of Nayarit and EZLN have been growing for some church" in Chiapas. He has relied on president of the Senate Defense Com­ time. As early as mid-January 1994 funding over the years from a variety mittee Gen. Al�ro Vallarta Ceceiia (less than two weeks aftertheir upris­ of "charitable" sources to build up a urged that "then� be an investigation ing began) , EIR denounced the EZLN network of so-called catechists, of CELAM's charges regarding fi­ as a "foreign invasion, using nationals which has served as a training ground nancing the EZLN is receiving from as part of the operation." More re­ for insurrection. The impoverished foreign groups that seek to destabilize cently, Misereor officially admitted Indian communities which make up Mexico." Although hard evidence to that it had given $7.5 million to the a significantportion of the population that effect has yet to be presented, diocese of San Crist6bal de las Casas in Chiapas, and which have been ex­ Senator V allarta noted, "there are over the period of a decade. Since tensively profiled by the likes of the forces interested in dividing Mexi­ then, Adveniat acknowledged that it, Harvard anthropology department's cans, to take ad'iantage of our natural too, had given the diocese $1.5 mil­ "Chiapas Project," provide the can­ resources, and unfortunately the Za­ lion over 20 years, $200,000 of that non fodder for Ruiz' s insurgency. patistas are lending themselves to in 1994 . That diocese is the base of (For more on this, see EIR's January this. "

EIR May 26, 1995 International 45 InternationalIntelligence

Antonio reports Farias told him that he Acco�ding to an article by C. Raja Mo­ SPD loses majority in was led to investigate the origin of Heideg­ han in thti Indian daily The Hindu on May German state election ger's thought when Heidegger told him in 10, the inficription, actually signed as from 1967 that it is impossible to conceive of the the Centrlll Committee of the Communist The Social Democratic Party (SPD) lost its natureof things in the Romance languages. Party, praj.sesHu as a selfish-less, incorrupt­ "To exclude the possibility of the act of absolute majority in the May 14 state elec­ ible, ope�-minded leader-an extremely thought from the group of Romance lan­ high eval ation, considering Hu had been tions in Germany's most industrial state, � North Rhine Westphalia, and the liberal guages," struck him as "very grave," Farias stripped crom his post by Deng Xiaoping. Free Democratic Party fell below the thres­ told J080 Antonio. Hu w�s seen as friendly toChinese intel­ lectuals, d his death had in part triggered hold required to be in the state parliament. � But even more dramatic than this change the 1989 : Tiananmen Square Movement. in the political landscape was the massive Patriarch Aleksei urges Hu's political opponent is Deng's protege Zhao Ziyang, China's known advocate of abstention rate: More than 35% of the elec­ Russiato mobilize anew torate didn't go to the polls, the second low­ the "Thinjl Wave." The policy differences est turnoutin postwar German history . between lIu and Zhao were detailed in a In his May 9 Victory Day message to the Feb. 14, ,1992 article in EIR by Michael A similar result occurredin the northern Russian people, covered in the West only city-state of Bremen, where a split-off from Billingtoq, "Zhao Ziyang and How Kissing­ by the German daily Siiddeutsche Zeitung er Destro ed China's Reform." the SPD, "Work for Bremen," took 10% on May 10, Russian Orthodox Church Patri­ � of the vote in its campaign against green arch Aleksei II called for a new mobilization policies which had closed off a large portion of the Russian people today, analogous to of the area to development. the way they rose to meet the challenge of Maj011provocation The short-term big winner in both these the war. elections was the Green Party . In North He said that to achieve victory in the stage� in Kashmir Rhine Westphalia, the Green vote doubled war, the people came together "into a single from 5% to 10%, and SPD chief Johannes organism to defend life and peace, despite Mercenaries allegedly under the control of Rau may be forced to form a ruling coalition the ruling ideology of atheism and totalitari­ Pakistani intelligence services, holed up in with them. Much of the Green vote came anism." He then declared: "The Church the 500-y�ar-old shrine of Sheikh Noorud­ from middle-class professionals; the indus­ hopes that the people again today can be­ din Noorafriat Chrar-e-Sharif in Jammu and trial workers , the SPD's base, just stayed come one organism, if they strive to revive Kashmir, �et the shrine ablaze at 2:30 a.m. home . the power of the people." The model of how on May ll� The shrine, the adjoining mosque, people responded to the war must be re­ and a kh�qab (shelter for pilgrims) were created, "to liberate ourselves from the completely burnt down, according to reports Heidegger eXPOSe to threatening disaster," adding that Russia is mOnitored iby EIR inNew Delhi. now beset by "military conflicts, economic After �etting the shrine afire, the mili­ be publishedin Brazil collapse, rising criminality, and a crisis of tants had �lanned to escape. When security State power." forces mO ed in to foil this plan, gun battles The Rio de Janeiro paper Tribuna da Im­ Patriarch Aleksei II was seated promi­ eruPted inJ which at least 42 militants were prensa published a full-page review on May nently in the front row at the victory com­ killed. ge-scale violence has broken out 9 of Victor Farias's book Heidegger and memoration, near Defense Minister Pavel in the wak� of the incident in many towns of Nazism, which is to be published soon in Grachov. Jammu anti Kashmir. Brazil. The book and Heidegger's ongoing EIR's �orrespondents in New Delhi say perniciousinfluence were discussed by Hel­ the incide�t clearly indicates the complete ga Zepp-LaRouche in depth in EIR's Sept. Hu Yaoban privately failure of: the Indian government's hard­ 16, 1994 issue. nosed Kas� policy. The two culprits be­ The Brazilian reviewer, J080 Antonio, rehabilitated in China hind this WHcy failure areGovernor Gener­ provides a detailed account of Heidegger's al K.V. �shna Rao and Home Minister role and thinking as a Nazi, as revealed by In ,an unpublicized move, China's party S.B. Cha�an. The reason that the Army did Farias . He notes that Farias's book "ex­ chief and President Jiang Zemin visited the not move �n Chrar-e-Sharif, EIR was told, ploded like a neutron bomb within European hometown of former leader Hu Yaoban, was that �e Army was simply unsure of intellectual circles," because Heidegger, the who was ousted by Deng Xiaoping in 1987. entering � town because of the intense ani­ Nazi, had inspired such postwar western To fulfilla longtime request by the late Hu's mosity ex�ded by the locals. This provided "thinkers" as Jean-Paul Sartre, Jacques Lec­ family, Jiang Zemin inscribed a plate placed the mili�ts four months to work out a an, Michel Foucault, and Jacques Derrida. by Hu's remains. gameplan for how to maximize the impact.

46 International EIR May 26, 1995 • BELARUS VOTERS voted 82.4% for an economic union with Russia, accordling to the official re­ sults of a May 14 referendum. The vote also grants President Aleksander with Archbishop Oscar Arnulfo Romero Lukashenko tl).e power to dissolve Colombian daily: Patriots and followed by Arturo Rivera Damas. Both parliament at any time and rule solely openly mediated on the terrorists' side must fillpower vacuum by executive decree. throughout a dozen years of warfare against the State. Reflecting the desperation setting in among • ISRAEL'S Interior Ministry on Rev. Rodolfo Cardenal, the vice-rector Colombia's political elites as the institutions May 15 deposed Baruch Merze!, a of the Jesuit-run Central American Univer­ of power crumble under the impact of Presi­ former leader C)fthe outlawed terror­ sity of San Salvador-long a breeding dent Ernesto Samper Pizano's narco-cor­ ist Kach movement, from the town ground for the FMLN narco-terrorists-de­ ruption, the daily EI Espectador issued an council of Kiryat Arba in the occu­ cried the new archbishop's insistence that editorial call on May 14 to the country 's pied West Bank,Reuters reported on politics be kept out of religion: "To me it "illustrious" citizens, to "impose a change May 16. Kiryat Arba was home to seems just as political for an archbishop to of direction in the country" that goes beyond Baruch Goldstein, who in 1994 mas­ keep silent about a massacre as to pronounce choosing new party leaders or debating new sacred 29 worShippersat a mosque in on it. If the archbishop keeps his silence, he constitutional reforms. Such activities, the Hebron. leaves his parishioners unprotected." editorial argues, are no longer "the proper antidotes to revive the national spirit." • FRANCE� SPAIN and Italy will "This is not exclusively a crisis of a par­ form a joint intervention force ty,nor of those who in one way or another Western nations could against "thre�ts from the South," have the responsibility to govern. Some­ (North Africa) . The three govern­ thing much deeper is boring a hole in the have avoided Holocaust ments are pursuing formation of a na­ national conscience and leading us to the val compone�, Euromarfor, and of edge of the abyss. Apart from the adverse The Holocaust could have been avoided had an airborne component, Euroforce. factors that stagger the country, what is cer­ the western states not closed their doors to tain is that there is a generalized sense of a the Jews, wrote Pinchas Lapide, the Frank­ • BENENGJi:LI, the cultural quar­ vacuum of power. " furt-based Jewish-German historian and terly of Lynpon LaRouche's co­ The daily ends by appealingto individu­ philosopher, in an essay on the occasion of thinkers in Thero-America, will hold als "who can serve the country disinterest­ the 50th anniversary of the end of World ajoint seminar on June 1-2 in Argen­ edly" and "in whom the country believes War II which was published in Germany on tina with the Gatholic magazine Nue­ and respects," to step forward and bring May 10. va Lectura on1 A Renaissance, or the about "a change in the composition of the Without diminishing the direct guilt of Twilight ofCiyilization? Benenge/i's government" while there is yet time. the Nazis, Lapide wrote, the "painful ques­ first issue of I t!l95contains articlesby tion remains posed: Why didn't the nations LaRouche, �lga Zepp-LaRouche, of the free West open their doors in time and and Nora Hamerman. Pope names anti-theolib less halfheartedly to let in the stream of the banned Jewish refugees?" • THE GULF WAR is "the cause archbishop in Salvador Lapide recalled that Israel's President of all the pro�ems we suffer today," Ben Gurion in I 965-when German-Israeli the President . of Turkey, Suleyman Continuing his offensive against the Theol­ relations were established-declared: Demiril, is qubted in the Arabic daily ogy of Liberation movement behind the Sao "Yes, there is a new Germany in which we AI-Arab on May II. "The United Paulo Forum in Ibero-America, Pope John can trust." Since German reunification five States solved the Kuwait problem but Paul II has named as San Salvador's next years ago , the Jewish community has created a more difficult and more archbishop Bishop FernandoSaenz Lacalle. increased from 22,000 to now about complicated problem, which is the Monsignor Saenz Lacalle, a member of the 50,000, with 60,000more enlisted to immi­ problem of Iraq's present situation." Opus Dei movement and head of the corps grate from Russia, Lapide wrote, underlin­ of military chaplains in EI Salvador, has ing that Ben Gurion' s trust is shared by • THEAL

EIR May 26, 1995 International 47 �ITillNational

Defining alternati the ves to global collapse

by Nancy Spannaus

In the midst of the British-led assault on the Clinton Presiden­ an important inflection point �ee p. 4). Noting that he will cy being waged through terrorism, economic warfare , and be presenting a more technical discussion of the economic scandal, a series of economic development conferences being and financial problem in an article specifically written for sponsored by the Schiller Institute in the United States pro­ EIR . LaRouche concentrated I his remarks on the political vides one of the unique voices of sanity on the political scene. problems involved in getting Political leaders, in particular The latest event, held on May 17 in Washington, D.C., put President Clinton, to take ·leaclership in developing the new into sharp focus not only the depth of the financial crisis, monetary system which is required. but also the tasks for policymakers who wish to replace the collapse with economic revival, defeating the British ga­ Winning the war against public opinion meplan for the destruction of the United States, and human Granted that most of the ffi!;:diaand the policy-shapers in civilization as a whole. the United States refuse to fa�e the systemic nature of the Approximately 125 political leaders, diplomats, and state financial crisis, LaRouche sai4, the question is this: "Do we legislators from around the country attended this event, have statesmen who have the courage to change public opin­ which was keynoted by economist Lyndon LaRouche, and ion rather than follow it? This i$ especially difficultin an elec­ addressed by Schiller Institute founder Helga Zepp­ tion period in the United Statet" In an election period, such LaRouche and members of the EIR staff. The LaRouches as that which has alreadybegu� , most politicians orient them­ addressed the misperception by policymakers, especially selves primarily to those who ,control the money they need here and in Europe, of the nature of the financialcris is, while for their reelection, LaRouche explained. The President finds the EIR researchers presented in-depth pictures on the way himself in a similar situation: He has two agendas-one to in which the International Monetary Fund (IMp) financial get reelected, and the other to �ght for his policy objectives. system is destroying the world food supply, the first phases "The difficulty is that we qJ.ustgo against what is appar­ of the collapse of the speculative derivatives markets, and ently prevailing public opinion to make creative decisions the strategy of tension against the United States. which are demanded by the cir¢umstances, but which are not A special feature of the conference was a memorial con­ yet fully understood at this tim� by the general public. That's cert dedicated to the recently deceased Arturo Frondizi, who real leadership," LaRouche saiP. had been a friend and collaborator of LaRouche. Frondizi Real leaders, he went on, have to shape public opinion was President of Argentina in 1958-62 , and was a close in order to do what's necessary to help people who aresu ffer­ collaborator of President John F. Kennedy. The tribute of ing. The FBI and other institutions have targeted many such three musical pieces was sung by the Schiller Institute Youth leaders, as House Speaker Newt Gingrich (R-Ga.) is doing Chorus, and featured selections from the "Stabat Mater" by today. But we have to conviq.ce the President, and many composer Giovanni Battista Pergolesi. others, to stick their necks out. I In his keynote , LaRouche identified the upcoming Group "And therefore, it behooves us to think about our respon­ of Seven Heads of State summit in Halifax, Nova Scotia as sibilities in this connection, toi see to it that the President is

48 National EIR May 26, 1995 suitably advised and supported in these matters, as the need real, productive activity of the economy-food production. may be. Because we can't blame him. We have to blame Marcia Merry Baker, EIR's agriculture editor, and Carlos ourselves. He is our officer, we elected him, or at least he Mendez, associate editor of EIR ' s Spanish-language affiliate was elected. And he has to do the job. He needs the advice, Resumen Ej ecutivo, developed a shocking picture of the col­ he needs the support, to carryit through, even over the oppo­ lapse of the food supply as a result of decades of looting of sition of what is perceived as public opinion." the agricultural sector. Baker described the way in which the much-vaunted food The City of London against the U.S. surplus has been eliminated, leaviJllg the "U.S. govern­ LaRouche then elaborated the fundamental strategic real­ ment-for the first time since World War II-[with] no sur­ ity, without which it is impossible to understand what is plus food stocks of any kind. None. There is nothing now at going on, from the bombing in Oklahoma City, to the finan­ hand for emergencies here or abroad for food relief or for cial crisis itself. The essential conflict is this, he said. "The 'discretionary' donation." She then showed how world food British represent a tradition of usury. The issues of our war production is not meeting the basic requirements of the world with Britain in the American War of Independence, in the population, not to mention the holocaust being deliberately War of 1812, the Civil War, which was a British orchestra­ created in nations like Iraq. Cuts in food rations in African tion; our differences with them during the time of McKinley countries, she noted, will lead to a population so weakened during the 1890s, our differences with them in the time of that it will be easy prey to diseases like theEbola virus. Roosevelt's Presidency, the fight against Churchill; our dif­ Baker then described the infrastructure projects that are ferences with them in the time of Kennedy's Presidency. on the drawing boards for solving the food shortages-from These differences are not accidental, personalized differ­ Africa to the western United States. She was followed by ences between members of governments. These are differ­ Mendez, who described the Africa-like conditions which ences between two organically incompatible, opposed sys­ have been created in Mexico (see p. 9). tems of government; and theseare breaking out now." The British system is behind the IMF monetary system, The time is short which oppresses every government in the world today, in­ The evening panel, which followed the short, beautiful cluding that of the United States. This system is going bust, concert, further underscored the urgency of the requirement and the British arefighting to preserve it, through terrorism to replace the British IMF system with what LaRouche has and destroying the United States. "This is the kind of world specified as Chapter 11 bankruptcy measures in the tradition we live in. We're living in a world where we're fighting for of the American System of economics of firstU. S. Treasury the rights of humanity, we're fighting to avoid a plunge into Secretary Alexander Hamilton. a Dark Age, not just a Depression, but a Dark Age." EIR economics correspondent Jobn Hoeflefirst presented the evidence from the public domain which shows that the The view from Europe rate of growth of derivatives speculation is dramatically In her remarks, Helga Zepp-LaRouche reported on the shrinking, putting on the agenda the exponential contraction perception of the financial breakdown from Europe, noting of the speculative bubble. The system is near blowout, he thatthere are an increasing number of people who agree with explained, and more big bankruptcies are on the horizon, her husband, but most of them are stuck with the delusion such as Lloyd's of London. There is also a recurring rumor that the crisis can be dealt with by "administrative" means. that one major Wall Street Bank is already insolvent and During her recent three-week visit in Europe with her hus­ simply being held together by the Federal Reserve, he said. band, she even found some signs of the reemergence of the But that can't last forever. idea of "industrialbanking ," which would subordinate bank­ Hoeflewas followed by EIR Counterintelligence Director ers to the needs for industrialdevelopment. Jeffrey Steinberg, who gave an analysis of the currentassault But for the most part, even those who understand the on the Presidency through the deployment of terrorism at systemic nature of the crisis are not willing to act now, she home and abroad. This is a short-term gambit, Steinberg said. This means that we have to take on the problem of stressed. The object of the British gamemasters, like Lord cultural pessimism. To combat pessimism, we can point to William Rees-Mogg, is to create a political climate similar the methods the Americans used after World War II, to re­ to that before the assassination o� President Kennedy, in build Germany from a rubble field into one of the world's which a "credible" pretext for knocking out President Clinton strongest economies. Such methods could be used to revive can be manufactured. the devastated nations of the East and South today. To destroy this gameplan, as to break the control of the IMF, means freeing the minds of the population from British­ The implications of the world food crisis dominated economic ideas and other such evil. As LaRouche The afternoon panel concentrated on one area where the emphasized, in that sense the "enemy lies within us," and cancerous activity of the financial system has consumed the must there be destroyed.

EIR May 26, 1995 National 49 Interview: Minister Louis Farrakhan

'Seeking reconciliation through atonement'

The fo llowing excerpts are fr om an interview with the H on . Carmichael (no.w kno.wn as To.ure), Dr. Martin Lu- Minister Louis Farrakhan, leader of the Nation of Islam, ther King, Jr. , Malco.lm X, I ah Muhammad, and maybe conducted on May 9 by Dennis Sp eed. Minister Farrakhan o.ne o.r two. mo.re. They so.rt o.f ' Elijah Muhammad has called fo r a "March fo r Atonement" in Washington, o.ut, due to. age and their that he might no.tbe with us D.C. on Oct. 16. Subheads have been added. much lo.nger, and therefo.rethe narro.wedto. the yo.unger men: King, Malco.lm, and K And with King assassi- EIR: I'd like to. thank yo.ufo.r allo.wingus to. be here today nated (sho.rtly aftera meeting the Ho.n. Elijah Muham- and to. interview yo.u, Mr. Farrakhan. What is yo.ur view mad), and Malco.lm being I real target-because Mal- I o.f what has been acco.mplished by the reco.nciliatio.n that co.lm's philo.so.phy, o.r the ' and teachings o.f the occurred with Dr. Betty Shabazz at the Apo.llo. Theater o.n Ho.n. Elijah Muhammad, had a natio.nalistic teno.r to. it Saturday, May 6? than Dr. King's-the FBI that they wo.rked night Farrakhan: As we said at the Apollo., the lo.ss o.f sacred and day to. separate Malco.lm his teacher. Their aim was human life can be co.mpared in the Chinese proverb to. the to. create a mo.vement aro.und in o.ppositio.n to. a tho.usand-milejo. urney, and what o.ur first meeting, and the mo.vementaro.und Elijah , that perhaps these two. who.le Qubilah Shabazz incident produced, was a firststep in co.uldca ncel each o.thero.ut . the Io.ng jo.urney to.wardrec o.nciliatio.n. But the deepest as­ So.,I said in my speech that pect o.f this, I wo.uld believe, is that the assassinatio.n o.f o.ur hatred, and they o.ther bad o.rganizatio.nal Malco.lm X, and the split between Malco.lmX and the Ho.n. characteristics--enmity, strife , co.ntentio.ns-that are natu- Elijah Muhammad, have been used by the enemies o.f o.ur ral within an o.rganizatio.nal . They so.ught to. use unity to. ferment and fo.mentdisco. rd and tro.uble, dissensio.n, these things to.create an internal that might ultimate- suspicio.n, slander, false charges, that have kept this co.ntro­ ly lead to. the destructio.n o.fthe o.fIslam . versy alive fo.r30 years. Ho.w did they manipulate lo.ve? When yo.u believe So.,o.ur meeting, and the promise o.fsubsequent o.ne-o.n­ that a man is a messenger o.f , and o.ur lo.vefo.r God , the o.nemeeti ngs, Go.dwilling , may ultimately take this stick o.ut So.vereign o.fthe universe, is great that when that lo.ve is o.f the hands o.f o.ur enemies, and o.ur co.nstant mo.ve for tapped, and a man, a human is given, o.r the name is reco.nciliatio.n will begin healing no.t o.nly the wo.unds in the given as a messenger o.fGod , he is from that mighty and Shabazz family, and in o.ur family, and in the Natio.n o.f lo.vingCreato.r, and this human is, by God's co.mmand, Islam, but this wo.und which the assassinatio.n o.fMalco.lm X to. co.rrect o.ur false refo.rmers put us o.n the road to. true has created in the entire natio.n o.fBl ack peo.ple. independence, there is a so.rto.f that we give this perso.n, a trust and a devo.tio.nthat we this perso.n that is unlike The tragedy's setting: Hoover as 'Iago' any devo.tio.n that yo.u give even yo.ur mo.ther o.r yo.ur EIR: In the co.mments that yo.u made at the Apollo., yo.u father, yo.ur sister o.r yo.ur . That is the kind o.flo.ve indicated that unscrupulo.us fo.rces in the go.vernment had we had fo.rElijah Muhammad. so.ughtto. manipulate members o.fthe Natio.n o.f Islam, as well as the entire Natio.n o.fIsla m, aro.und this Qubilah Shabazz The tragedy's dynamic incident, to. seek retributive justice, fo.r example, against the So. Malco.lm X, as he rpor,r""pon'rpol1 the teachings o.f the Shabazz family. Y o.u also. indicated that perhaps that had Ho.n. Elijah Muhammad, as his minister and spokesper­ happened in the 1960s, that is, in the way in which the who.le so.n, the press, because o.fEli j Muhammad's impediment Malco.lm X matter had co.me abo.ut. I'd like yo.u to. clarify o.fspeec h, exalted Malco.lm his teacher. And this pro- what yo.u said. vo.ked, o.nthe inside o.f the , that positive jealo.usy Farrakhan: I think it's co.mmo.n kno.wledge no.w that J. and Io.vefo.r Elijah Muhammad They wo.uldeven say in the Edgar Hoover wanted to.prevent the rise o.fa Black messiah newspapers, "Malco.lmX and Muslims," o.rthey tried to. who. co.uld electrify and unify the Black natio.nalist element project Malco.lm as the leader, inspiration o.f the mo.ve- in the Black co.mmunity. They listed perso.nssuch as Sto.kely ment, while in fact we knew Elijah Muhammad was the

50 Natio.nal EIR May 26, 1995 real inspiration of the movement. So this excited jealousy in Elijah Muhammad. the love that we had for Elijah Muhammad, that they were About six or seven weeks ago, � letter came into my trying to move Elijah Muhammad out and put Malcolm X in hands, a letter written by Malcolm � to the Hon. Elijah his place. That was manipulated. Muhammad. I believe it was in the y�ar 1959. When I read Then you have the tensions inside the movement created this letter, it was one of the most touching things I have ever by a man who was so dynamic as Malcolm, so progressive read, of a man's love, devotion, commitment, trust, loyalty, as Malcolm, so profound as Malcolm, so charismatic as Mal­ andfaith in a human being. I've never received a letter like colm. You have his peers now envious-not even jealous. that from anyone who follows me, nor have I ever read a (Jealousy is a little different from envy.) So there are those letter like that. That's how touching the letter was. And then who say, "Well, Malcolm is not our leader, Elijah Muham­ I asked myself: What turned this bea.,tiful demonstrationof mad is our leader. " So they manipulated that dynamic. exquisite faith, loyalty, love, commiltment, in a three-year Then you have those who said, "He's getting all the press span, that he would then attack his teacher in public? and he's taking the limelight from the leader. " So that envy, So on Saturday, I mentioned betrflyal, as that turns love which is a vicious, ugly, demonic characteristic, existed in to hate. Malcolm felt betrayed by the movement that he the higher echelons of leadership. Now you manipulate that. helped to build. Malcolm felt betraydd by the leader that he And then there was another dynamic that I came to dis­ had so much confidence in, and siqce I was a student of cover, that is not readily seen. That is the dynamic of Elijah Malcolm and was so very, very, v¢ry close to Malcolm, Muhammad himself, who recognizes age, and time, and that when I opted to stand with Elijah M/uhammad, and defend somebody is going to have to accept the seat of leadership, Elijah Muhammad against the charges of Malcolm, then he and they have to be trained and qualifiedto accept that seat. felt betrayed by me. On the other side of that, we felt betrayed We thought, in our ignorance (I'm speaking personally now), by Malcolm. So this betrayal turned1the fervorof love into that training meant that you study your Bible, you study your the fervor of hate, and turned the creative motion into a Koran, you study administration, etc. , so that you can be destructive motion on both sides. I progressive and successful. Then you had agents on both sides manipulating these But there was a deeper dynamic, because if you're going dynamics, which led, of course, to the assassination of Mal­ to sit in the seat of leadership, you're going to be evilly colm X [in 1965], and the subtle and then overt charge that spoken of, you're going to have envy, enmity, strife, people Elijah Muhammad had ordered Malcolm X to be assassi­ shooting at you. So you have to have the strength of character nated. And now we bring that dynamicto recent years. to be long-suffering. So on the inside, the Hon. Elijah Mu­ If you notice, in the last 10 or 12 �ears, with the breakup . hammad, like a sensei, had to take those persons who were of the Nation after Elijah Muhammad's departure from us slated to sit in that seat to the threshold of pain. And then and his son's assumption of his mantle, there was no more take them beyond. And then keep increasing their threshold Nation of Islam. And all of the thing� that Elijah Muhammad of pain. So sometimes it would look like he was persecuting, had built, and that Malcolm had hellped him to build, were when in fact, he was training. wiped out, gone. So not only was �e legacy of Malcolm And so Malcolm, who was the lead minister and the one trashed, the legacy of Elijah Muharpmad was trashed. The that we would look to if anything happened to the Hon. Elijah governmenthad done its job. I Muhammad, was in that awful position to be envied on the Now, we had gone toward orth04ox Islam, we no longer inside, envied by people right around Elijah Muhammad, had a desire to build an independent nation. Our focus was envied because he had the love and the attention of Elijah on self-improvement without a natiqnalistictenor to the phi­ Muhammad, the positive love of the believer for the Hon. losophy. And so the government, i£ you study its files, had Elijah Muhammad, manipulated by the press, creating a jeal­ accomplished its aim. For all intents *nd purposes, the Nation ousy over the position of Elijah Muhammad. Then the dy­ was done for; "we don't have to woI1I"Yabout these peopleor namic of bringing Malcolm to the threshold of pain, to pre­ persons anymore." pare him for the possibility of sitting in the seat of Elijah Muhammad after he was no longer here. Learning tragedy's lessons I Malcolm didn't see that dynamic, I don't believe, nor did So Elijah Muhammad died in the minds of the public, I see it, but I came to experience it. That's why I said, after and Malcolm died, except for those �rsons like Haki Madha­ walking a ways in Malcolm's shoes, I understood what was buti and the nationalist community, who held Malcolm up as happening to Malcolm. their patron saint. But this comm4nity has no tie into the Now, I'm saying that, to say that the FBI understood Washington Post, the New York Times, the Atlanta Journal, these dynamics. When they questioned Malcolm, they lis­ the Chicago Tribune, or the Los Angeles Times. So after my tened to his voice, they took the recordings, they put a voice rise, which startled the law-enforcpment community, they stress analyzer on it. They had psychologists reading Mal­ said, "Now the Nation is back, and [Whatwe thought we had colm to determine weaknesses and strengths, in terms of killed, doggone it, it's alive! And thts guy, Farrakhan, whom character, to see how he could be turnedaway from the Hon. we didn't think too much of, is now electrifying the masses

EIR May 26, 1995 National 51 Our meeting, and the promise qfsub sequent one-on-one me�tings, GodWilling, may ultimately take this stick out qf the hands qf our e�emies, and begin healing this wound which the assassination qfMalco lm X has created in the entire nation qfBlackpeo ple.

of black people!" an awful lot of money, to entirap Qubilah. The government Now, if you notice, then the mass media began to start waited until the very morningthat the indictment was coming writing about Malcolm. Several books came out after Mal­ down, to inform us of her stl-called murder-for-hire plot. colm's assassination, but then that quieted. Now, you have They expected from me an eJinotional response to Qubilah. the establishment media beginning to write articles on the So they camped around my home, and I sent Leonard out to life and legacy of Malcolm X, which then led to Warner say to them that our sympatbiies are with Sister Betty Sha­ Brothers giving $30 million to Spike Lee to make the movie bazz, Qubilah, and the family� We believe that there's some on Malcolm. And you must remember that 30 years ago, entrapment here. Malcolm was, according to the ADL [Anti-Defamation Then I made a press statement, which I believe you at­ League] , the leading black anti-Semite of that day, as I am tended. The effect of this-wJilatthey hoped to achieve, was considered that today. So I question: Why would Warner that if I attacked Qubilah, then the nationalist community Brothers, who I believe are Jewish, expend $30 million on a would have to coalesce around Bettyto protect Betty and her movie that lionizes Malcolm, when Malcolm never recanted children, allegedly from some:hit coming from the Muslims. or repented for his statements that exposed the Jewish liberals So the press zeroed in on! where Qubilah lived and her and their machinations to guide and control the civil rights apartment and all of that. If We had lambasted Qubilah, we movement? would have, in effect, createdlthe same atmosphere that was And so we have believed all along, that the resurrection created 30 years ago, and th�n somebody else could have of Malcolm X, not from the standpoint of the nationalists shot Qubilah and blamed it onlthe Nation of Islam. and other Black intellectuals who love him, but from the When the opposite took i place, and we closed ranks establishment side, was for a sinister purpose. And so when around Qubilah, and then we !met with Sister Shabazz, this the movie came out, their hope was that I would attack the had a tendency not only to hetI our wounds, but-we don't movie as I had attacked the man. know how much money has been already placed in the Mus­ Then I told all in our movement to just be quiet for three lim community and in the nati(J)nalistcommunity to takecare months. We made no public appearances, and none of us of Farrakhan and our sitting together, and our possibility of answered any questions, spoke to the press, or did anything reconciliation-it may have st/lyedthe ugly hand of death. that would show us as opposite. Since they couldn't raise a The only reason that I can say what I know now from living person, they raised Malcolm. this angle, is because afterMalIco lm's untimely death, I was And now, instead of Elijah Muhammad being charged promoted from the mosque in Boston to be the minister in with calling the shots on the hit on Malcolm, they just moved New York. And you know, > the New York mosque was it to Louis Farrakhan. They really know better. But if they bombed and destroyed. Since Malcolm was so loved in Har­ could paint me with a brush as having something to do with lem and in New York, we ha� a very difficultrow to hoe in the assassination of Malcolm, with betraying Malcolm, in an order to bring the Nation again Ito a level of respect and honor opportunistic way to feather my own nest and cause my own in our own Black communitY.1 God blessed me, not only to rise within the movement, having guns in the community rebuild, but in New York City I was th,e minister over four among the young; then making sure that our young people universities of Islam, 21 busi�esses, 18 mosques within the visited the theater to see the movie "Malcolm X"; and then New York City area, and the Muslims were raised to a level playing it over and over again; then sending agents in among of greathonor and respect. the gangs to focus their energy and dislike toward the Nation and toward this guy Farrakhan, who now is really the one who Reflections on tragedy opportunistically betrayed Malcolm and has now stepped But then that caused me tOI suffer the same things within into the shoes that only belong to our beloved Black shining the movement that Malcolm suffered. In truth, BrotherDen­ prince; and we should assassinate Louis Farrakhan. nis, it was a pain that I have nQt fullyrecovered from, to see And since the movie did not produce [that result] , then your own brothers turn on you because you seem to be fa­ Michael Summers Fitzpatrick was paid $45,000, which is vored by the leader. In my last conversation with Malcolm,

52 National EIR May 26, 1995 in 1964, he said, "Brother, my enemies are going to be yours." And he named them. Then he said, "I wish it were you being an example for me, rather than me being an exam­ ple for you." He knew what I didn't know, that I was going to assume the mantle that he held within the movement. He knew that ADL'sM urray Janus the same forces that operated against him, when I assumed that position, would also operate against me. I lived to see and partner indicted every word that he spoke come true. The thing that I didn 't see, was the roleof Elijah Muham­ by EIR Staff mad. Because, at a certain point, I began to suspect that Elijah Muhammad was behind some of theJeeding of the fire of envy and enmity that was in my peers . So one day, I Anti-Defamation League National Commissioner Murray decided I was going to Chicago and throw the gauntlet down, Janus was indicted on May 8 by a Richmond, Virginia grand right at the table with the Hon. Elijah Muhammad sitting jury on felony bribery charges. His �aw partner, James A. there . And when I threw it down, and challenged everybody Baber III, was also indicted, on attempted sodomy charges. who were national ministers and laborers at the table, and According to press accounts and to independent sources with was ready to fight, Elijah Muhammad hit the table and said, knowledge of the case, the charges w�re brought when Janus "Brother, seek refuge in Allah fromthe envier when he envi­ paid a woman $10,000, allegedly to �eep her from pressing es," and he got up and walked out. I felt that my willingness criminal sexual assault charges again�t Baber. to arguemy case was seriously dampened. Janus had gained notoriety in 1990 for his role in the Thenhe came back in the room and he said these words. "railroad" prosecution of associates of Lyndon LaRouche in He said, "Brother, when you're going to take a piece of board Virginia, on trumped-up charges of securities violations (see and put it in the comer of the building to uphold the weight of below). the building, you have to put a lot of stress on that board. And The recent incident occurred on Feb. 27, 1995 , when the if that board breaks, then you know that's not the board you woman tried to hire Baber to represent her in a domestic were looking for . You throw it away and get you another one." dispute, and reportedly offered to pay his fee in monthly I did not fully understand that parable. I understood it to installments. The woman later told pci>lice that as she left the the degree that I understood it at that moment. But long after office, Baber asked her to perform a sexual act as a sign of Elijah Muhammad was gone, and I was attempting to rebuild good faith in paying the fee. his work, and I had to suffer the slings and the arrows of my Afterbeing exposed to Baber's alleged sexual advances, own brothers , then the government, then the ADL, and then the woman reported the incident to po�ice, who in tum report­ others, then I understood why I had to go through that kind ed it to the office of Richmond Commonwealth Attorney of rigorous training on the inside of the movement. David Hicks. Since Hicks had previously worked for Janus, If I had become vindictive, angry with him, angry with he disqualifiedhimself, but not after first speaking withJanus my brothers, and sought retributive action, then that would on the phone to inquire as to which prQsecutors Janus thought have shown that I was not qualified then to sit in his seat, to might be out to get him. bring about redemption, restoration, reformation, reconcilia­ The matter was then referredto HllnoverCommonwealth tion. And so, by weathering those storms, here I am. I have AttorneyEddie Vaughn, Jr. weathered 11 years of a withering attack in the media, and The woman hired anotherattorney to pursue a civil com­ for nearly 40 years I have wrestled with internal dynamics, plaint against Baber, while still pressing criminal charges. and now external in other groups and organizations and their Janus offered her $10,000 to settle th� civil complaint. When leadership. Vaughn learned of Janus's offer, hI! warned Janus not to If Allah blesses me to draw a huge crowd, and this one is cross the line between making a civil settlement and offering not able to do that, that envy comes up and then the arrows to pay the woman not to press the criminal charges-which and the slings and the things that are said. But, watch me, is bribery. you never have heard me publicly beat down on those who The woman had two conversations with Janus, both of beat down on me. Because that's not my role. I am to take which were taped. Janus paid the woman the money in a that, and that's why Paul said love is long-suffering. check drawn on the law firm's trust account. And so I thank Allah for the Hon. Elijah Muhammad and Vaughn and Hicks have disqualifiedthemselves as prose­ for the training that he gave me, by focusing the envy of my cutors, and the case is being prosecuted by Virginia Beach brothers against me to see if I could take the heat within, that Commonwealth Attorney Robert J. Jlumphreys. One Rich­ I might be qualified to take heat from within and without. mond Circuit Court judge has already recused himself, and And, so far, God has blessed me to survive. all others in that Circuit are expectedj to do likewise.

EIR May 26, 1995 National 53 Murray Janus and the railroad against LaRouche associates in Virginia: Here are some of the letters exchanged among offi cials of the Anti-Defa mation League, Judge Clifford Weckstein, and ADL National Commissioner Janus's law partner demonstrating the ADL' s obstruction of justice.

Janus and the LaRouche cases by the ADL and sent to Weckst in, who is Jewish. In May 1990, Janus was caught redhanded in the middle When defense attorneys issued a subpoena for Janus to of a scheme to bribe Virginia Circuit Court Judge Clifford appear and testify under oath abbut his efforts to tamper with Weckstein, who was at the time presiding over state cases the ongoing trial, Weckstein wJs forced to disclose more let­ involving associates of LaRouche. Five of those defendants ters between himself and John ichtenstein, a law partnerof are now serving draconian prison sentences as a result of the Janus, and the son of Weckstein s mentor and formerpartner, flagrant abuse of justice carried out in Weckstein's court: Barry Lichtenstein. The letters eveal that it was Weckstein who initiated the communicatil n with the ADL, revealing Michael Billington (77 years), Anita Gallagher (39 years), Paul Gallagher (34 years), Laurence Hecht (33 years), and himself to be even more tainted �han he had previously admit­ Donald Phau (25 years). The charges of "securities fraud" on ted. Weckstein sent to Lichtenstbin copies ofleaflets that were which the defendants were convicted were brought to bear distributed by associates of LaR I uche, exposing Weckstein' s afterthe state of Virginia determined retroactively that politi­ connection to the ADL. Lichtenstein, at Weckstein' s request, cal loans were "securities," making it a felony to solicit such forwarded the leaflets to MurraI Janus. loans without a broker's license. This. definition of "securi­ Because of the extensiv� evidence of impropriety, ties" has never been applied to anyone outside the LaRouche Weckstein was forced to issue a ubpoena to Janus, who testi­ political movement, either before or since. fiedthat he had indeed urged Gi sen to send the hate literature On April 12, 1990, Judge Weckstein revealed during a to Weckstein, but, incredibly, claimed that he had no knowl­ hearing in one of the LaRouche cases, that he had received a edge that there were ongong trials of LaRouche associates packet of slanderous material about LaRouche and his move­ before Weckstein. Seeing the �ressure his friend Janus was ment from the Virginia director of the ADL, Ira Gissen, at under, Weckstein tried to cut of�the testimony by questioning the request of ADL National Commissioner Murray Janus. its relevance. The defense attornbyre plied thatJanus is a high­ The ADL letter and accompanying documents, in thinly ranking official of the ADL, a �d that the ADL had gone so veiled language, offered Judge Weckstein ADL backing for far as to illegally obstruct justice by contacting the judge. a promotion to the Virginia Supreme Court, in return for his Weckstein bristled, ruled Janu 's testimony irrelevant, and continued efforts to destroy the LaRouche political move­ slapped a $2,000 sanction on t e defense attorneys (it was ment. "There has never been a Jewish member ofthe Virginia later revoked). The judge refuse to recuse himself (withdraw Supreme Court," was the headline of a resolution circulated from the trial) because of bias.

54 National EIR May 26, 1995 Institute spelled out the strategy only weeks before the con­ ference was cancelled. Russell Hittinger, a philosophy pro­ fessor at the Catholic University ofA�erica, explained that "tinkering with the status quo will not work. . . . The reason Unexpected blow to these repair efforts have failed is because the real problem in many cases is not policy but jurisdiction." Hittinger warned Constitution-wreckers against an open call for a Constitutional convention, and advocated the proposed " 'Conference of the States,' where local leaders from across the country would gather to develop by Leo F. Scanlon a political legal, and Constitutional plan, and consolidate sufficient power to challenge federal domination." In other The Conservative Revolution was dealt a significant setback words, attack the Constitution, but don't get caught. when organizers of a proposed "Conference of the States" cancelled the long-planned event, and admitted that popular A 'one-world Confederacy?' opposition has stonewalled all efforts to tamper with the U . S. It is most instructive to examine I Hittinger's argument Constitution. As opposition to budget austerity measures against the structure of the federal gqvernment, by asking, grows, state legislatures have begun rescinding support for "Who benefits, if his advice is followed?" EIR has estab­ the conference, which was designed to showcase the signa­ lished that there is not a single evil policy or program being ture issues of the Conservative Revolutionaries: balanced enacted by the government today, which cannot be traced budget amendments, privatization schemes, and tax cuts for to the "Club of the Isles": the complex of financial and financial speculators. political organizations which created 1Ibe United Nations, its "It clearly has run into difficulty in a number of the environmentalist apparatus, and the International Monetary states," said Bill Pound, head of the National Conference Fund. of State Legislatures. "We were surprised. We expected The enabling legislation which would have called the some opposition, but not one as well-organized as it was." Conference of the States into existence was written and Two elements of the opposition shocked conference or­ popularized by a group of organizations including the Na­ ganizers. The first was the depth and vehemence of opposi­ tional Council of State Legislatures (NCSL), the Council of tion from the populist movement, primarilythe Liberty Lob­ State Governments (CSG), and the ! National Governors' by. Even more damaging to the scheme was the fact that Association. These taxpayer-supported groups were origi­ the AFL-CIO (whose membership includes the growing nally founded to advance the "refono" agenda which the number of working Americans who smell something rotten U.N. attempts to impose on all sovereign governments. in the anti-government rhetoric of the "Contract on Headquartered at the "1313 Building" at the University America"), joined in the lobbying to halt approval for the of Chicago, and backed by the resources of the Ford and conference. Rockefeller Foundations, the NCSL, eSG, and NGA quick­ ly became a tax-supported, quasi-offiClial lobbying apparatus Origins of the conference proposal for all manner of legislative and PlU"liamentary reforms. The conference proposal is the brainchild of a network of Today they are the center of efforts td pit state governments organizations which oppose the U.S. Constitutional system, against the Congress and citizen against citizen in a fight foremost among them, the American Legislative Exchange for diminishing tax resources. Council (ALEC) and the National Taxpayers Union (NTU). Gov. Mike Leavitt of Utah, a leader of the NCSL confer­ These organizations, which speak for the financial interests ence plan, made clear in a recent speech that the agenda of the international cartels that provide their funding , have items proposed for the conference w.,uld include proposals been aggressive in advocating a Constitutional convention, for Constitutional reform. Other suppOrters of the conference because they see that as the only way to break resistance to argue that since the delegates to the conference would be fascistic budget cutting and austerity . elected officials, formally delegated ttl the conference under The target of such a convention would be the General the auspices of enabling legislation drawn up by the NCSL, Welfare clause of the Constitution, which allows the federal the conference would have the authority to operate as a bona government to address large-scale social and economic mat­ fide Constitutional convention. ters which are beyond the power of state and local economies. Pouring fuel onto this inflammatory mix, the conference ALEC and its allies argue that the source of various incompe­ was scheduled to begin with a May pre-meeting in Richmond tent or abusive federal programs is the governmentitself, and Virginia, the former capital of the Confederacy, to be fol­ are working to eviscerate that government's powers, not to lowed by a July meeting in Annapolisland a national conven­ reform its policies. tion in Philadelphia, in mock repetiqon of the conventions A lead article in the magazine of the American Enterprise which produced the U.S. Constitution.

EIR May 26, 1995 National 55 New threatto U.S. health care: hospitalswithout nurs es by Linda Everett

Conservative revolutionaries are reeling from a national on its willingness and ability to continually undercut its own backlash to their proposed draconian cuts in Medicare and costs of delivering care-at huge risks to patients and its own Medicaid-a backlash mounted by such organizations as the staff-to underbid its competitor. Their only alternative is to American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) and the lose their contracts and their patient base. Either way, pa­ American Hospital Association (AHA), whose members will tients lose. And the nation loses, too, as public hospitals be directly affected by the Republican leadership's propos­ hustle to shed "unprofitable", services, while attempting to als. Less publicized, but no less alarmed at the cuts, are serve as the safety net for the poorest populations. America's 2 million-plus registered nurses (RNs). Nurses, At the same time, as Ann rrwomey, vice president of the who form the backbone of the country's health care system, Federation of Nurses and Health Professionals, explained, are already waging war against hospital cuts whenever they "The hospital industry is being taken over by for-profitmedi­ hit the front lines-namely, at the patient's bedside. For cal companies whose main c(j>ncern is bottom-line care, not more than a year, nursing organizations have been warning quality care ." Forbes magazirlereported in January 1994 that that the "demands of the marketplace" to drive down hospital health care was the most profitable industry in the nation for costs, is forcing 70% of V.S. hospitals to undergo massive the last fiveyears . Hospital cartels and hospital mergers also restructuring, to eliminate hospital beds, to drastically and force deep cost cuts, in order to maximize profitsand increase dangerously shorten hospital stays, and to cut 40-50% of their market share as competition intensifies. their registered nursing staff. The newly proposed massive Thus we have witnessed the proliferation of management cuts in Medicare and Medicaid will compound those horrors . consultants such as AmericaniPractice Management (APM), Responding to the Republicans' proposals, Geri Marulli, Booz-Allen, the Hunter Group, Ernst-Young, or any of the 30 executive director ofthe American Nurses Association, said, accounting and consulting fimns who specialize in "scorched­ "The effect of over a quarter of a trillion dollars of cuts in earth" hospital makeovers. These profiteers siphon billions in Medicare will be nothing short of disastrous. The impact . . . health-care dollarsout of health-care deliveryto redesign hospi­ will affect every patient who is served by America's health tal delivery systems, in order to cut operating costs. Their first care system, because the cuts in funding will hit the entire and main target is the allegedly "high labor costs" associated health care system, all health care institutions." Marullo ex­ with a hospital's most highly skilled andexperienced RNs . The plained that V. S. hospitals are already experiencing a "rapid­ "experts" then cut the hospil:3l's licensed nursing staff, and ly declining level of safety and quality," because of the grow­ substitute "aides" or "techs" with a few days or weeks of train­ ing problem that ever-fewer RNs are being used to care for a ing to carry out patient careusqally done by nurses withat least growing and increasingly acute patient care popUlation. two to four years of training. It was exactly that issue of safety, that brought an unprec­ This dangerous prescriptincomes at a time when hospi­ edented 35,000RN s from across the country to Washington, tals are increasingly coming to resemble huge intensive care D.C. on March 31, to protest against these policies. As Joan wards, with patients far sicktr today than ever before , and Swirsky, editor-in-chief of Revolution, the Journal of Nurse needing more skilled care than ever before. Empowerment, which organized the march, told EIR , "Cut­ backs in Medicare and Medicaid are only part of the larger High skills save lives picture of depriving patients of true 'quality' health care." Study after study finds that nurses have a direct impact on There isn't a hospital in the country not under enormous hospital mortality and morbidjty levels. Not only do hospitals pressure to cut the cost of delivering hospital care-pressure with a higher percentage of RNs, and hospitals with a higher from the health insurance industry, HMOs (health mainte­ staffinglevel (higher nurse-to-ipatientrati o), have lower mor­ nance organizations), and managed care companies-which tality rates, but also, the higher the hospital's level of nurses' are all accruing billions in profits by refusing or limiting qualifications (registered nurses versus lesser-trained li­ medical treatment. In such states as Massachusetts or Califor­ censed practical nurses), the better the outcomes and quality nia, where insurers are permitted to negotiate virtually unlim­ of care of surgical patients. Other studies indicate that hospi­ ited discounts with hospitals, a hospital's survival depends tals with favorable nurse staffing levels and high RN skill

56 National EIR May 26, 1995 Registered nurses march on Washington on March 31 to protest congressional cuts in hospital care . mix, had a lower ratio of actual to predicted mortality rate. California hospitals use unlicensed, In 13 studies, a higher percentage of RNs to total nursing certified "care associates" to n"rf,.,. ...n personnel is associated with lower than expected mortality that require substantial scientific and/or technical rates. Other studies demonstrate that the higher the ratio of skill, including nutritional support, mfasuring and recording experienced RNs to patients, the quicker a patient's recovery vital signs, bedside lab tests, and respiratory functions. Na­ with fewer complications, and the quicker the patient's dis­ tionwide, hospital housekeeping staffs, . wearing nurses' charge, with fewer readmissions. white uniforms, are recruited to disPense medicine, insert Conversely, a study published in the November 1993 intravenous tubes, or draw blood. In (!meinstance , a hospital Modern Healthcare reports that a cut of just 7.75% of a assigned aides with some cardio-pJlmonary resuscitation hospital's registered nursing staffhas been shown to increase training to staple head wounds of em�rgency room patients. morbidity rates by up to 400%. One APM restructuring project for ¥assachusetts hospitals Yet, hospitals are increasingly employing redesign plans has unlicensed aides carry out more han 100 duties usually that de-skill their staff. These schemes, promoted under such done by nurses, including performing sterile techniques, in­ names as "Patient Focused Care," "Operation Excellence," sertion of catheters, EKG testing, phlebotomies, and chang­ and "Operation Improvement," allegedly shift "routine" ing feeding tubes. A comparative stJdy in Boston hospitals nursing tasks to a team of "patient care assistants," "clinical attributed 15 patient deaths to such p6licies. technicians," or "multiskilled workers," so as to free regis­ tered nurses to give more time to patients. But invariably, the Janitors treat patients schemes never add more trained staff; instead, they radically As hospitals' "savings" increase with what can only be reduce the number of registered nurses and other licensed called assembly-line medicine, so does the loss of patient specialized personnel, such as radiologists and respiratory lives and catastrophic injuries, such Js those which occurred therapists, replacing them with unlicensed generic, cross­ at Tampa's University Community Hospital, where surgeons trained employees, who are expected to provide hands-on removed the wrong leg of one patient! a technician mistaken­ patient care aftera little "orientation." ly removed a ventilator from the wrong patient, causing him For instance, under Californialaw , even Certified Nurse to die; a woman was mistakenly partially sterilized; and sur­ Assistants who complete the 50 hours of classroom prepara­ gery was performed on the wrong kitee of one patient. The tion, and the 100 hours of supervised clinical education Health Care Financing Administrati I n (a federal body that which the state requires for certification, are still not allowed oversees Medicare and Medicaid) found among that hospi­ to carry out invasive procedures. But, restructuring plans for tal's major problems, exactly the ihadequate staffing and .

EIR May 26, 1995 National 57 poor training of technicians that the hospital consultants push for the lives of patients to whom they are assigned. in their cost-cutting schemes. Other surveys show that HMOs and hospitals have dan­ Such schemes are beginning to backfire, as hospitals be­ gerously shortened hospital stays in order to cut costs, or, as gin to face massive legal settlements because of such blun­ some New York hospitals describe it, to increase the "turn­ ders . In Massachusetts, a critically ill patient who was to around" or "throughput" of their "customers." California's have his vital signs checked every 15 minutes, died after an Kaiser Permanente HMO, which routes most of its emergen­ aide neglected to check on him for several hours. In Indiana, cy patients to their own clinics, has now replaced its regis­ State Attorney General Pamela Carter warned consumers tered clinic nurses with "aides" who are unable to recognize that some hospitals in the state allegedly allowed unlicensed those patients who desperately need immediate hospitalcare. persons (in one case, a hospital janitor) to treat patients. In At the same time, the HMO makes it virtually impossible for California, an unlicensed substitute for a nurse dislodged a any but the very sickest of emrollees to receive inpatient care. hospital patient's feeding tube. When the aide replaced it­ But even when they do get into the hospital, patients must into the patient's lung-the patient died. still survive the HMO's plap.ners, who aim to establish a Similarly, when managed care plans obsessed with the ward in which one registered nurse oversees 30 to 40 acutely bottom line force laboratories into "artificially low price" ill patients, with the help of a! few unlicensed aides. deals, patients die. Last year, a Wisconsin woman with ad­ Most rational individuals would see such de-skilling of vanced cervical cancer who underwent nine surgeries, told the U.S. health care delivery, system to the backward levels Congress about it. Her overworked HMO's lab technician, imposed on Third World �ations, as comparable to the forced to read fivetimes the federally recommended number "dumbing down" of today'� schools by the Conservative of slides, misread all but the last of her six PAP smears and Revolution's privatization schemes. They're right. What is tissue biopsies taken over three years . Others, too, died as a under attack is the federal republic's Constitutionally-man­ direct result of HMO lab misdiagnosis . dated, dirigist mission to assure every community and every In California, where hospital reorganization is the most citizen of adequate hospital care, as set forth in the 1946 Hill­ advanced in the nation, complaints and patient deaths caused Burton hospital building program. Instead, we see hospitals by such policies have led to state hearings and new legislation today skirting even the most minimal federal requirement for requiring hospitals to publicly disclose the impact of their cost­ patient care. For instance, one nurse is required for everytwo cutting plans on patient care and on the community as a whole. intensive careunit (ICU) patients, usually among a hospital's Nurses report that Kaiser Permanente's 16 HMO hospitals in most critically ill patients. northern California are considering slashing their nursing staff to as low as 30% of the inpatient workforce. The Alta Bates Catch-22 Medical Center in Berkeley is aggressively pursuingits plan for As a way of cutting costs, hospitals are now downgrading one nurse to care for up to 9-14 acutely ill patients-thereby intensive care patients to general care, and are then assigning violating a dozen state laws, including the Departmentof Health one nurse and one aide to care for seven patients. The conse­ Services regulations. The CaliforniaNurses Association (CNA) quences are predictable: Patients who do not die, are often brought a class action lawsuit against Alta Bates and its parent readmitted to ICU again, because they had declined so precipi­ corporation, California Healthcare System, for defrauding tously. But, some hospitals are even balking at providing any the public with its untested plan to cut skilled nursing staff ICU services whatsoever. Several courts rulings have endorsed by 50%. In the first decision of its kind in the nation, aU. S. hospitals which have refused to provide what they facetiously District Court in April upheld the right of nurses, in this claim would have been "futile" life-saving treatment. case, CNA, to challenge a hospital's restructuring plans that In other words, the hospital's cost-cutting policy actually dangerously cut nursing staff. hastens a patient's decline, thereby necessitating the costliest Similar cases are being brought all over the country, as of hospital treatment in ICU; yet the hospital can refuse such noted by the American Nurses Association in February, when treatment, saying such care is ethically inappropriate or a it released its survey of U . S. nurses. The AN A warned that waste of medical resources, given the patient's likely 79% of nurses report that hospital cutbacks are causing a outcome. severe reduction in the quality of patient care. Some 20% of It is certainly true, that advanced technologies and meth­ nurses report an increase in the numbers of errors , involving odologies have allowed a shift of inpatient procedures to be patient falls, fractures, and deaths due to staff reductions and safely performed on an outpatient basis. However, pressure subsequent overloading on remaining nurses. At the same by managed care groups to keep patients out of the hospital time, hospitals that chronically understaff shifts are forcing at all costs is also creating a patient safety crisis. Outpatient nurses who are trained in pediatrics or obstetrics to "float" surgeries, with the promise of home care nurses to follow and cover critically ill cardiac patients or emergency pa­ up surgical procedures, are plagued with the same ruthless tients-regardless of whether the nurse protests that he or policies: Nurses are assigned an impossible 18 home-care she has little training or experience with such patients. But it visits a day-IS minutes per patient, not including travel is the floaters, and not the hospital, who are then held liable time-to change dressings, adj ust medications, and to edu-

58 National EIR May 26, 1995 cate diabetic patients after amputations. basic protections for Americans, by ha�ing hospitals disclose The same crisis confronts acutely ill hospital patients who how many RNs they employ, along �ith their nurse-to-pa­ have been shipped out of hospitals into understaffed sub­ tient ratios. They also asked for protectlon for nurses. Nurses acute carenursing home programs. Similarly with those who currently lose their jobs and their licenses, and face hospital are promised follow-up home care by such insurers as Blue recriminations, when they protest dangerous hospital condi­ Cross-Blue Shield, who instruct hospitals to dump patients tions. They need legal protections underthe National Labor with amputations below the knee out of the hospital within Relations Act. 48 hours of their surgery, or to force women to leave within One chilling example substantiates that need: A nurse 18 hours of their Caesarian. with only an aide in an understaffed intensive care unit Insurers' demands for "dumping" patients have become worked desperately to save her critically ill patient who went so barbaric, with no provision of home care, that some states into cardiac arrest, while she simultaneously tried to guide are being forced to propose legislation to restrain the trend. the untrained aide in saving the life ohhe patient in the next Responding to the policy of ordering women with normal ICU bed who also "arrested." Both patients died. Shaken, deliveries out ofthe hospital within 24 hours of giving birth­ she complained to her administratibn about the unsafe even if her infant's well-being requires her to stay-legisla­ staffing level, and was dismissed froniher job. The hospital tors in Maryland, New Jersey, and Arkansas have passed then threatened to have her charged with themurder of both bills· to require insurers and HMOs to pay for hospital care patients, should she try to appeal thei� decision or go public for mothers and their newborn infants for at least 48 hours of with her claim. inpatient hospital care after childbirth when necessary , or As this new nursing crisis indicates, the aims of such else to provide the appropriate nursing follow-up. As Mary­ free-market medicine-what Newt Gingrich promotes as land leaders said, human life is precious, and so the extra Walmart-style health care-aretreaso/lou s, just as is the pri­ stay is warranted. vatization of the nation's education system. This nation can­ not sustain, and cannot afford to try tOlabsorb, the Conserva­ Nurses won't be scapegoated tive Revolution's proposed Medicareand Medicaid cuts. To When the 35,000nurses marched in the nation's capital in do so, would be comparable to hooking up the country's March, they went to Congress as patient advocates-people health care delivery infrastructure, including our highly who provide 24-hour care to all patients at the most vulnera­ skilled medical staffand scientists, to limeof Dr. Kevorkian's ! ble moments in their lives. They asked that Congress pass suicide machines.

hospital combined the pediatrics depattment with an adult cardiac step-down unit. With this mixed assignment, hos­ Who's kidding whom? pital management uniformly ignores ithe higher staff re­ quirements for pediatric patients, so hurses are expected Hospital and nursing home administrators insist that clini­ to care for as many as eight patients..-babies as well as cal restructuring and nursing layoffs are necessary be­ adults:-atthe same time. "What's a pediatric nurse sup­ cause of "excess" hospital beds and lost revenues from posed to do," she asks, "in the event

EIR May 26, 1995 National 59 Congressional Closeup by William Jones

Bipartisanship on space, among NASA programs ," and "in Even more sweeping legislation victim of budget-gouging light of the Republican budgetary plan has be¢n prepared in the Senate Bank­ House Science Committee Chainnan . . . I do not believe that, at this point, ing Cpmmittee, although hearings Robert Walker (R-Pa.) withdrew his there will be strong bipartisan support have opt yet been scheduled. Senate bill for mUlti-year authorization of for a station-only authorization bill." Banki 'g Chairman Alfonse D' Amato Space Station Freedom, after the (R-N. .) is reportedly waiting to see House Budget Committee, chaired by the fatj of the legislation in the House John Kasich (R-Ohio), in mid-May before i moving forward. A spate of proposed a $2 billion cut in the NASA ' amendtnentsis expected to be offered budget over the next seven years, on Firewall' between banks, when it reaches the floor. top of the $5 billion cut outlined by speculators would end the Clinton administration. In a 29-8 vote on May 9, the House The purpose of the multi-year au­ Banking Committee approved a bill thorization was to end the yearly fight that would relax current legislationre­ against attempts to cancel the station, stricting commercial banks to activi­ Ethics panel stalled and authorize it to completion in the ties that are "closely related to bank­ on charges against Newt year 2002. For years, congressmen ing," and would instead allow banks The H�use Committee on Standards from both parties on the committee to offer a wider range of services that of Of�ial Conduct has stalled over have wanted a multi-year authoriza­ are "financial in nature ." The bill the mOltiple charges against House tion bill for NASA's space budget to would effectively repeal the 1933 Speak�r Newt Gingrich (R-Ga.). prevent the Appropriations Commit­ Glass-Steagall Act, which maintained Nancy ']. Johnson (R-Conn.) raised tee from canceling programs deemed a strict separation between commer­ the poSsibility of a deadlock between necessary by the authorizing com­ cial banks and the more risky activi­ the five Democrats and five Republi­ mittee. ties of investment banks and other fi­ cans <¥1 the committee. "It's been But, in the context of the Kasich nancial institutions, and prohibited tough going," Johnson said. The com­ budget, committee Democrats mixing the two activities in a single mittee plans to accelerate its schedule balked. If the Space Station were to corporate entity. to two meetings a week, but still will be protected for the next seven years If the new legislation becomes not ha\le decidedwhether to appoint a while NASA's total budget is declin­ law, commercial banks will be al­ special counsel or take other options ing, the authorizing committee would lowed to underwrite corporate and by the tJemorial Day recess. have no choice but to eliminate other municipal securities; provide data ser­ Me�while, Gingrich snubbed the NASA programs and would have no vices; conduct management con­ committee by announcing that he ability to change priorities. sulting; and provide leasing, real es­ would $ubmit an 80,OOO-word manu­ Rather than attack the budget-cut­ tate, and even travel services. In order script 110 his publisher, even though ting lunacy, when asked what good to allay the many fears engendered by the conjunitteehad not yet acted on his the space station would be, for exam­ the bill, the legislation claims to pro­ request for approval of his book deal. ple, if the Space Shuttle weren't fully vide "firewalls"within a bank in order The ddal was the matter that led to funded, Walker's press spokesman to protect deposits that are federally charge$ of undue royalties because of told 21 st Century Science & Technol­ insured, by requiring that a separate Gingriqh's position as Speaker of the ogy magazine that their budget took subsidiary be established to undertake House.1 Amid the furor, Gingrich re­ care of that, because the Shuttle would the other business. signed , in May as chainnan of be privatized! (Plans in the Reagan­ The bill, fashioned by House GOPA�. Bush administration to privatize the Banking Committee Chainnan Jim On May 15, House Minority Whip Shuttle failed badly.) Leach (R-Iowa), would also transfer David $onior (D-Mich.) raised anoth­ In a statement after Walker with­ many of the bank regulatory powers er complaint over Gingrich's attempt drew his bill, George Brown (Calif.), now held by the Federal Deposit In­ to create publicity for GOPAC from the ranking Democrat on the commit­ surance Corp. and the Comptroller of the fl()()r of the House, including re­ tee, stated, "The Republican budget the Currency, to the Federal Reserve peating the group's telephone number. calls into question the possibility of Board , significantly enhancing the "It's p� of the interlinking of Mr. achieving any reasonable balance powers of that body. GingriClh's empire, the commingling

60 National ElK May 26, 1995 of taxpayers' funds for his own politi­ the FBI and Bureau of Alcohol, To­ in the health care system. If you don't cal purposes," Bonior said on May 15. bacco, and Firearms in the two cases. do this, you close down medical "If there is any causal connection, schools and disproportionate care hos­ however slight or however tenuous, pitals," i.e., those that handle the between the incident at Waco and the poorest patients. "If you give system Oklahoma City bombing," Specter cuts to the richest taxpayers," he said, Waco hearings spark said, "I suggest it is our duty to pro­ "you threaten the entire health care bickering among GOPers ceed to clear the air to the maximum system." Instead Qf cuts, the health Two key Republican members of the extent possible and to demonstrate care system "needs to become better. Senate Judiciary Committee traded that ranking public officialsat whatev­ It needs to provide health care to every barbs over the "feasibility" of holding er level will be held accountable." single American." hearings on the actions of federal law Hatch attempted to have the vote re­ enforcement agencies in the attack on considered. Failing that, Hatch then the Branch Davidian compound in agreed to the hearings, saying that he Waco, Texas, and the killing of the would proceed with them "as expedi­ wife of separatist Randy Weaver in tiously as we can." Gingrich's c()nfederates an attack on Weaver's home in Ruby On the House side, Speaker Newt irate over snub to Brits Ridge, Idaho. Gingrich (R-Ga.) has said that he in­ Rep. Doug Bereuter (R-Neb.) popped Arlen Specter (R-Pa.), chairman tends to hold hearings on Waco and his top on May 15, in remarks inserted of a Senate Judiciary subcommittee, Ruby Ridge by August. into the Congressional Record, over who also served on the Warren Com­ "two actions" of : President Clinton mission which covered up the assassi­ that, Bereuter lam¢nted, have "frayed nation of President John Kennedy, the strong ties blnding the United had recently announced that he would States with Great aritain, our staunch­ soon hold hearings to investigate the Democrats warn against est ally in westernEurope ." activities of the government agencies cuts in Medicaid First, he said, the Clinton admin­ in the two cases. Medicaid cuts will double the number istration granted Vlisas to members of Senate Judiciary Committee of Americans without health insur­ the Irish Republican Army, and then Chairman Orrin Hatch (R-Utah) sent ance, if the Republican budget pro­ invited IRA leader Gerry Adams to a sharply worded letter to Specter on posal is adopted, Rep. Henry Wax­ the White Housel a move that dis­ May 9, insisting that any hearings on man (D-Calif.) told a forum turbed the Britisll1-who had to be the incidents should be delayed be­ sponsored by the Members Coalition dragged to the negotiating table after cause of the bombing of the federal on Medicare and Medicaid on May 15 their decades-long martial law rule in building in Oklahoma City. Hatch on Capitol Hill. "In addition to the 30 Northern Ireland. also insisted that the full Judiciary million Americans who will lose their The most recent slight, Bereuter Committee, not Specter's subcommit­ coverage under Medicaid cuts," Wax­ said, "occurred dl/lring the 50th anni­ tee, had jurisdiction over the matter. man said, "10 million elderly will lose versary of the AIFed Victory in Eu­ When Specter then took his case to coverage for long-term care if Medi­ rope," referring to President Clinton's the floorof the Senate, Hatch accused care is cut. " trip to Moscow. '�President Clinton's Specter of a "hurried plan" to hold Waxman said that the Republicans decision not to participate in the En­ hearings, claiming that to do it so soon are limiting the rate at which federal glish and French Y -E Day ceremonies after OklahomaCity "will only further spending in Medicare and Medicaid was a shabby way to acknowledge erode public confidence in govern­ programs can grow , but "they are not those allies that did so much not only ment by reinforcing the stereotype limiting the growth of the numbers of to halt Nazi aggression but to protect that members of Congress are merely poor and elderly who need care." the free world during the Cold War short-sighted political opportunists." Rep. Pete Stark (D-Calif.) era," Bereuter whined. President On May 11, Specter succeeded in claimed that the difference between Clinton and mosi of the other world getting passed a sense of the Senate the Republican budget plan and the leaders participa�d in the V-E Day resolution that called for hearings by Democratic plan is that "we took our celebrations tog�ther with Russian Aug. 4 to investigate the conduct of $168 billion in cuts and reinvested it President Boris Y'eltsin.

EIR May 26, 1995 National 61 National News

i gration into the United States, at a Washing­ to allow authorities to review the medical ton, D.C., press conference on May 8. Bu­ records of Kevorkian's victims. chanan also proposed federal legislation, "Oncl:you privatize killing," Thompson Vatican envoy says pope similar to California's infamous Proposition said, "once you legalize private killing, 187, to deny social services to families of there is n<)way any law enforcement or regu­ opposes 'war on poor' illegal immigrants. He urged that children latory agency can investigate to ensure there Raymond Flynn, the U.S. ambassador to the of illegal immigrants be stripped of their is no ab�se going on ....If society ever Vatican, recently sent a letter to American rights to automatically become citizens. legalizes �his, how is anyone going to regu­ bishops and lay Catholics, stating that Pope Coverage of the event in the May 9 late whatithe 30,000 doctors in the state of John Paul II's October visit here will back Washington Times featured Buchanan being Michiga�, are doing?" President Clinton's opposition to congres­ photographed with a copy of Peter Brime­ The 'S' Supreme Court recently up­ sional cutbacks in anti-poverty programs, low's anti-immigrant book, Alien Nation. held a M chigan Supreme Court ruling that according to the May 12 Washington Times. Brimelow, an immigrant from Britain, is a a person tan be prosecuted under common Flynn's letter recalled the visit of Pope senior editor of the British-controlled law for '!assisting in suicide." Kevorkian Paul VI to the United States in 1965 , when Forbes magazine. Buchanan is a member of faces trial on two murder charges, and sev­ he found the country engaged in a War on the advisory board of the SouthernPartisan, eral viol*ions of Michigan's now-defunct Poverty , and "pressed" President Lyndon a pro-British, pro-Ku Klux Klan secession­ ban on "a�sisted-suicide." Johnson to aid the poor. ist magazine. Accompanying Buchanan at "Pope John Paul II will find a greatly the press conference were representatives of different political climate," Flynn wrote . the Immigration Reform group, a branch of "In 1995, the U.S. Congress is tragically the British "race-science" eugenics move­ ment, which sponsored California's Propo­ dismantling many of those anti-poverty pro­ Expe�t on Greenpeace grams that we have spent 30 years creating. sition 187. Are we now fighting a war on the poor in­ briefsi U.S. Congress stead of a war on poverty?" Icelandic filmmaker Magnus Gudmunds­ To counter Flynn, the Times trotted out J son, duri,tg a private briefing on Capitol Hill Heritage Foundation board member Frank on May 11, drew considerable attention Shakespeare, President Reagan's ambassa­ Mich. prosecutor slams from merpbers of Congress to evidence he dor to the Vatican from 1987 to 1989. "As a has amas$ed, that the radical environmen­ general proposition," Shakespeare intoned, protection for 'Dr. Death' talist org�ization Greenpeace is a treacher­ "an ambassador has to beextremely careful In an interview with EIR , Oakland County ous, tho,gh well-protected, little beast. not to use the position for partisan politics Prosecutor Richard Thompson denounced Gudmun sson has also incurredthe wrath of back in the United States. With the Vatican d "the conspiracy of silence" protecting Jack Prince Philip's World Wide Fund for Nature post, the normal caution should be height­ "Dr. Death" Kevorkian, following the (WWF), iwhich has long counted Green­ ened because of the religious and moral as­ deaths by "assisted suicide" of two more peace am\>ng its global assets. pects attached to the Vatican as a state. The people within the space of five days. The Durin· his hour-long presentation, Gud­ ambassador's job is state matters , not any­ fact that "even the relatives [of the victims 1 mundsso included filmclips from three of thing to do with the church as the church." involved have refused to talk with the po­ his docur entary exposes of the criminal The Heritage Foundation has saturated lice," Thompson declared, makes it almost fraud be�ind Greenpeace's public postur­ Congress with blueprints for vicious austeri­ impossible to prosecute Kevorkian. ings about "defending the environment." ty measures against the poor, the sick, and Kevorkian, an out-of-work pathologist His mos� controversial charge was that the elderly. Ambassador Flynn says he cir­ who has lost his medical license in both Greenpeace had bribed foreign government culated his two-page, brief statement "in ex­ Michigan and California, is responsible for officials ib its drive to obtain a "one-world" pectation of Pope John PaulII 's trip." killing at least 23 people using his various ban on whaling. The bribery scheme, as laid "suicide" machines. "We know someone is out in Guflmundsson' s latest documentary, dead of carbon monoxide poisoning, but we was orgm1ized by the WWF. have no evidence about who was adminis­ Several congressmen requested that tering it," Thompson said. Gudmun�sson return to Washington soon Buchanan seeks In the case of the last two victims, who to provid� more information on the bribery were gassed to death on May 8 and May 12, charges�which would implicate Britain's immigration halt one relative told police that the homicide Prince 'lip directly. Philip reportedly Republican Presidential pre-candidate and was a natural death; and both families hid oversaw t e entire operation, and wrote the neo-Confederate Patrick Buchanan called evidence of Kevorkian's involvement from letters top� . fficials targeted for bribes, telling for a five-year moratorium on legal immi- police. In all 23 cases, relatives have refused them to cdllaborate with Greenpeace.

62 National EIR May 26, 1995 Brifjly

• NEW YORK CITY'S programs for preservingfamilies at risk are being scrapped, theNewYork Times report­ ed on May 12. The city currently pro­ vides 27,000 troubled families with Over 80 people attended the briefing, which began to use chain gangs to clean counseling, parent training, housing including more than a dozen congressmen, state highways on May 3. assistance, day care, and drug treat­ one senator, and a number of congressional The use of prison slave-labor is also ment. The services will beeliminated aides. Gudmundsson was introduced by spreading. Virginia's Gov. George Allen by budget cuts ordered by Mayor Ru­ Rep. Don Young (R-Alaska) , head of the signed a bill on May 5 approving the use of dolph Giuliani, anticipating further House Committee on Natural Resources. prisoners as laborers in the construction of loss of federal funds as well. their own prisons. Allen also vetoed a bill which would have prevented private compa­ • ECOLOGY freaks, Conserva­ nies from profiting off the use of prison tive Revolutionists, and population­ labor. control lunatics jointly called for The prison construction bill signed by Packwood says, reform drastic reductions in U.S. immigra­ Allen simply states that 30 days notice will tion levels, in a two-thirds-page ad in Endangered Species Act be given to a locality before a prison is built the May 10 Washington Times. there. It adds, "The [Bureau of Prisons] di­ Sen. Robert Packwood (R-Ore.) took to the Groups ranging from the Internation­ rector may, if he finds it practical and eco­ floor of the Senate on May lO to challenge al Ecology Council, to Californians nomical, use persons sentenced to the de­ the absurd premisesof the Endangered Spe­ for Population Stabilization, de­ partment as laborers in the construction of cies Act, recalling that when the bill was manded that the currentfederal quota such structures." originally passed, no one was thinking about of 1 million legal immigrants per an entire section of the country being shut year, be slashe� by 90%. down for one species. "Yet this act," he said, "is now being • GREENPE�CE handed out a used as a tool by the environmental groups, five-page blurb on Capitol Hill on to further their agenda oflocking up not only Morgan Library to May 11, claiJrning that Lyndon all public land but much private land, as LaRouche is behind Magnus Gud­ well ....If 100 years ago, 150 years ago, hold Aesop exhibit munds son and a much broader inter­ we had on the books, only two laws, the Aesop, the 6th-century B.C. Greek slave national campaijgn to discredit the en­ Endangered Species Act and the Wetlands known as the father of the fable, will be vironmental mdvement. Almost one­ legislation, we would not have developed honored by a summer exhibition at New third of the docllmentrecycled previ­ the west," Packwood noted. York City's Morgan Library , to open on ous Greenpeace slanders against both "Every railroad you see, once you get May 24. Sly foxes and proud peacocks will Lyndon and ijelga LaRouche, as across the Great Plains, is built on rivers demonstrate the origin of the familiarphras­ well as 21 st CenturyScience & Tech­ and fill. We never would have cleared the es, such as "sour grapes,""the lion's share," nology magazine. valleys, never would have cut the trees and and "borrowed plumage . " pried out rocks and farmed the land. You Manuscripts and books ranging from the • THEAMElUCAN Physical Soci­ would have been prohibited by just those 3rd to the 20th century-including the earli­ ety has taken a p(lsitionon the supposed two acts." est texts of Phaedrus and Babrius and the controversy surrounding electricpow­ Aesop printed at Ulm about 1476-the only er transmission lines, according to the copy in America-will be shown. Lazy May 14 New York Times. The society frogs, powerful lions, plodding tortoises, issued a statement, reportingthat it can and frightened rabbits revealing the foibles find no evidence that electromagnetic Arizona second state of daily life should provide a note of whimsy fieldsradiating (rompower lines cause and humor for the hot days of summer. cancer. to revive chain gangs Publications for the exhibitions include Following the lead of Alabama, the state of an illustrated checklist ($4.95) and a color­ • HENRY SIEGMAN, former Arizona became the second in the nation to ing book ($3.95) by Dr. Anna Lou Ashby. chairman of the American Jewish reintroduce prison chain gangs on May 15, On Father's Day, June 18, there will Congress, deoounced Sen. Robert according to the May 16 Richmond Times­ be "Aesop Family Day," an afternoon of Dole's (R-Kanj) proposed legislation Dispatch. An Arizona prison crew of 26 stories, music, dance, and refreshments, all to move the U . S. embassy in Israel to minimum- and medium-security prisoners in the spirit of Aesop, available free with Jerusalem. "It �eems that presidential wielded hoes, sickles, and rakes along U.S. suggested admission, which is $5 for adults, candidates think that the closer they Highway 191, shackled by two-foot-long, and $3 for children, students, and seniors. get to Israel, the more support they lightweight steel chains, padlocked to leath­ The exhibit overlaps with a show entitled get from American Jews. But ... er ankle restraints. The men were not "Animals as Symbol in Medieval Illuminat­ Jewish voters we smarterthan this." chained together, as they are in Alabama, ed Manuscripts," on view ApriI 6-Sept. 6.

EIR May 26, 1995 National 63 Editorial

Forget Sherlock Holmes

There is no question but that President Clinton, with the American President. the support of the FBI, acted rapidly and effectively in More specifically, the Oklahoma bombing should response to the Oklahoma bombing. The role of the be seen in the context of the intervention into U. S. right­ mass media is another thing entirely. They consistently wing circles-in particular the militia groups-by the treat every news story , tragic or otherwise, as if it were very high-level British intelligence operative Lord Wil­ a soap opera. But this is only one aspect of the way they liam Rees-Mogg, who publishes a newsletter, Strategic act to brainwash the population; the other problem is Investment, widely read in these circles. In its March 22 2 the tendency to treat a crime like the bombing as a issue, there was a feature article with the title "Wac0 ," "whodunit," a situation in which Sherlock Holmes which laid out the scenario for a confrontation between might have intervened. the militias and what the author termed "government This obscures consideration of what really hap­ storm troopers ." According to the scenario presented, pened on April 19 in Oklahoma City . A terrible crime an incident would be staged by the Justice Department was committed, and as a result of that crime, almost which would serve as a pretext for "Field Marshal Reno" 200 people were killed and others were mutilated. A to declare martiallaw . Included in the article is the char­ great deal of suffering was imposed on innocent people. acterization, "the Democratic Party has been converted What exactly was the nature of this crime? Was it into a close cousin of fascism." an unprovoked killing spree by one or more nuts who After the bombing, on April 21 , the London Guard­ believed they had grievances against the U.S. govern­ ian reported that Tory Members of the British Parlia­ ment or the Clinton administration in particular, or was ment, "still resentful at the U.S. administration's red something else involved? carpet welcome for Gerry Adams, the Sinn Fein Presi­ To make the point clear, let us suppose that an dent, in Washington last month, responded to the Okla­ armed robber holds up a 7-11 store , and in the course homa bomb outrage by claiming that it had taught the of the robbery becomes frightened and shoots one or Americans a lesson." more innocent bystanders . To understand the nature of Thus we can say that before the act itself, the crime the crime, it is important to recognize that the principal had begun, with the newsletter's provocation to vio­ motive was robbery , and the murder was a byproduct lence. After the event, Rees-Mogg and his associates of this. continued their efforts to generate hysteria among the Similarly in the case of the Oklahoma bombings, militias and other right-wing, circles , and British politi­ we must seek to understand the real nature ofthe crime cal leaders gloated about the bombing. itself. Was the bombing the expression of populist out­ Now if we look at the circumstances of the event rage? Or was it not , in fact, an act of irregular warfare , itself, another aspect of the case suggests itself for whose target was the United States itself; an act of investigation: the sophistic�tion of the design of the an internationalist terrorist apparatus organized from explosives to cause such extensive damage. Was sus­ London? pectTimothy McVeigh perhaps a scapegoat, covering To answer those questions, we must recognize that for the activities of highly professional terrorists? the Oklahoma bombing occurred as part of a pattern of Whatever the role of McVeigh and any possible associ­ terrorism, an outbreak of terrorism in the same period ates, the important question to be investigated is to which includes events such as the Tokyo poison gas what extent those British operatives who are in fact attack, and other less dramatic terrorist incidents in the politically culpable for deliberating creating the climate Mideast and in Europe . Furthermore , it occurred in the in which the attack took place , may also have been context of open hostility by the British Crown against criminally culpable.

64 National EIR May 26, 1995 S E ·E LAROUCHE ON CAB L E TV

All programs are Th e LaRouche Connection unless otherwise noted. . ALASKA IDAHO .AM STE RDAM-TCI Ch. 11 .WEBSTER-GRC Ch. 12 Th u rsdays-5 p.m. Wednesdays-9 :30 p.m. • ANCHORAGE-ACTV Ch. 40 • MOSCOW-Ch. 37 • BRONX-BronxNet Ch. 70 YONKE RS-Ch. 37 Wednesdays-9 p.m. (Check Readerboard) • • Saturdays-6 p.m. Fndays-4 p.m. ILUNOIS ARIZONA • BROOKHAVEN-(E. Suffolk) • YORKTOWN-Ch. 34 Ch. 21 • PHOENIX-Dimension Ch. 22 • CHICAGO-CATN TCl l Flash or Ch. 99 Thursdays-3 p.m. Wednesdays-l p.m. Sc h' I ller Hot I' me- 21 Wednesdays-5 p.m. Wednesdays-5 p.m. . OREGON CALIFORNIA • BROOKLYN The LaRouche ConnectIOn • PORTLAND-Access • DOWNEY-Conti. Ch. 51 Cablevision (BCAT)-Ch. 67 T es d ays-6 .m. (Ch 27) Tues., May 30-1 0p.m. U _ P ' Thursdays-9 :30 p.m. Time-Wa rner B/Q-Ch. 34 T hurs d ays 3 p.m. (Ch. 33) E. SAN FDO. VALLEY-Ch. 25 INDIANA (call station for times) • PENNSYLVANIA Thu rsdays-4:30 p.m. • SOUTH BEND-Ch. 31 • BUFFALO-BCAM Ch. 18 • PITTSBURGH-PCTV Ch . 21 • LANC.lPALMDALE-Ch. 3 Thursdays-l 0 p.m. Wednesdays-l l p.m. - Mondays-7 p.m. Sundays-l :30 p.m. MARYLAND • CATSKILL-Mid Hudson • MARIN COUNTY-Ch. 31 • BALTI MORE-BCAC Ch. 42 Community Channel-Ch. 10 TEXAS Tuesdays-5 p.m. Mondays-9 p.m. Wednesdays-3 p.m. .AU STI N�ACTV Ch. 10 & 16 (call station for times) • MODESTO-Access Ch. 5 • MONTGOMERY-MCTV Ch. 49 • HUDSON VALLEY-Ch. 6 DALLAS-Access Ch. 23-B Fridays-3 p.m. Weds.-l pm, Fri.-8 :30 pm 2nd Sunday monthly-2 p.m. • . Mon.-2 pm; Fn.-1 1 :30 am • ORANGE COUNTY-Ch. 3 MASSACHUSETTS .ITHACA-Pegasys Fridays-evening Tuesdays-8 :15 Ch. 57 • EL PASO- Par�gon Ch. 15 • BOSTON-BNN Ch. 3 PASADENA-Ch. 56 Thursdays-7 p.m. Ch. 13 Thursdays-l0.30 p.m. • S atur d ays-12 N oon Tuesdays-2 & 6 p.m. Saturdays-4:45 p.m. Ch. 57 • HOUSTON-PAC • SACRAMENTO-Ch. 18 MICHIGAN • MANHATTAN-MNN Ch. 34 Mon.-5 p.m.; Fri.-1 2 Noon CENTERLINE-Ch. 34 _ 2nd & 4th Weds.-10 p.m. • 1st & 3rd Sun. monthly-9 am VIRGINIA Tuesdays-7 :30 p.m. .SAN DIEGO- • MONTVALE/MAHWAH-Ch. 14 • ARLINGTON-ACT Ch. 33 .TRENTON-TCI Ch. C.ox Cable Ch. 24 44 Wedsnesdays-5,30 p.m. Sun.-l pm, Mon.-6 :30 pm Wednesdays-2 .30 p.m. Saturdays-12 Noon • OSSINING-Continental Tuesdays-1 2 Midnight • SAN FRANCISCO-Ch. 53 MINNESOTA Southern Westchester Ch. 19 Wednesdays-12 Noon Fridays-6:30 p.m. • EDEN PRAI RIE-Ch. 33 Rockland County Ch. 26 • CHESTERFIELD COUNTY • SANTA ANA-Ch. 53 Wed.-5:30 pm, Sun.-3 :30 pm 1st & 3rd Sundays-4 p.m. Comcast-Ch. 6 Tuesdays-6 :30 p.m. • MINNEAPOLIS-Ch. 32 • POUGHKEEPSIE-Ch. 3 Tuesdays-2 p.m. • STA. CLARITAlTUJUNGA EIR World News 1st & 2nd Fridays-4 p.m. • FAIRFAX-FCAC Ch. 10 King VideoCable-Ch. 20 Saturdays-9:30 p.m. • RIVERHEAD Tuesdays-1 2 Noon Wednesdays-7 :30 p.m. • MINNEAPOLIS (NW Suburbs) Peconic Bay TV-Ch. 27 Thurs.-7 pm, Sat.-l0 am • W. SAN FDO. VALLEY-Ch. 27 Northwest Comm. TV-C h. 33 Thu rsdays-1 2 Midnight • LOU DOUN COUNTY-Ch. 3 Thursdays-6:30 p.m. Mon.-7 pm; Tue.-7 am & 2 pm 1st & 2nd Fridays-4 p.m. Thursdays-8 p.m. C.OLORADO • ST. LOUIS PARK-Ch. 33' • ROCHESTER-GRC Ch. 15 • MANASSAS-CableVision Ch. 64 Fri.-1 1 p.m.; Sun.-l l a.m. • DENVER-DCTV Ch. 57 ElR World News (call station for times) Wednesdays-l0 p.m. Friday through Monday • ROCKLAND-P.A. Ch. 27 • ROANOKE-Cox Ch. 9 3 p.m., 11 p.m., 7 a.m. Wednesdays-5 :30 p.m. CONNECTICUT Wednesdays-2 p.m. ST. PAU L-Ch. 33 • SCHENECTADY-P.A. Ch. 11 YORKTOWN-Conti Ch. 38 BETHEUDANBURY/RIDGEFIELD • • • EIR WorldNews Fridays-5 :30 p.m. Comcast-Ch. 23 Mondays-4 p.m Mondays-8 p.m. • STATE N ISL.-CTV Ch. 24 Thursdays-5 p.m. WASHINGTON Weds.-l l p.m., Sat.-8 a.m. • NEWTOWN/NEW MILFORD MISSOURI • SEATTLE-Access Ch. 29 • SUFFOLK, L.I.-Ch. 25 Crown Cable-Ch. 21 • ST. LOUIS-Ch. 22 Fridays-8:00 a.m. 2nd & 4th Mondays-:-l0 p.m. Thursdays-9 :30 p.m. Wednesdays-5 p.m. • SNOHOMISH COUNTY • S'(RACUSE-Adelphla Ch. 3 WATERBURY-WCAT Ch. 13 Viacom Cable-Ch. 29 • NEW JERSEY Fndays-4 p.m. Fridays-1 1 p.m. • STATEWIDE-CTN (Iconsu t b u IIet ln. b oard) • SYRACUSE (Suburbs) Saturdays-5 a.m. • SPOKANE-Cox Ch. 25 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA N ewCh anneI s C a ble- Ch . 13 Saturdays-7 '30 pm • WASHINGTON-DCTV Ch. 25 NEW YORK 1st & 2nd Sat. monthly-3 p.m. • TRI-CITIES-TCI Ch . ; 3 Sundays-12 Noon • ALBANY-Ch . 28 UTICA-H arron Ch. 3 . • Mondays-l l :30 a.m. �a ���� �I O Thursdays-6:30 p.m. � Tue.-6 :30 pm; Thu.-8:30 pm 6� � � � p�m. If you are interested in getting these programs on your local cable TV station, please call Charles Notley at (703) 777-9451.

r------, I I I Executive I I would like to subscribe to I I I Executive Intelligence Review fo r I I Intelligence o lyear 0 6 months 0 3 months Review I enclose $ check or money order Please charge my 0 MasterCard 0 Visa

Card No. ______Exp. date __ __ u.s., Canada and Mexico only Signature ______1 year ...... $396 Nrune ______months 6 $225 Company ______3 months . . . . $125 Phone ( Foreign Rates Address ______City ______State __ Zip ___ _ year . . 1 $490 Make checks payable to EIR News Service Inc., 6 months $265 P. O. Box 17390, Washington, D.C. 20041 -0390. 3 months $145 You will be waY ahead t · of he Dew s if you subsc ribe to lriN f? C fDJ ONFID L$c!J ENTIAL � ALER T

Isn 't It tI" ye e You ars, be kn .... " fore the onths, OPli rest o SO"ell ons we f the lV .,es EI re In t orld, W R Alert linge he wor hat po a brings r on th ks? EIR Hcy nd ba You e puls Alert ckgrou 1 co where e of Lo has Its cl nd Ite., 0-20 ncise such ndon a ass "a s, twic news sk."du nd lVa U-or e a We Presen ggery shintno by fax ek, by t the a Is de n, (at no IIrst­ I lterna VIsed, lV Annu eXfla c ncreas gly' tives, w e also al subs harge) ln d hich a crIption , A lscusse re bein (Unite nterl