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Post-Soviet Civil Society in Transition: Leftist Social Movements in Lithuania
POST-SOVIET CIVIL SOCIETY IN TRANSITION: LEFTIST SOCIAL MOVEMENTS IN LITHUANIA By Laura Daukšaitė Submitted to Central European University Department of Political Science In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Supervisor: Professor Béla Greskovits CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2020 Declaration of Authorship I, the undersigned …Laura Daukšaitė…. hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. To the best of my knowledge this thesis contains no material previously published by any other person except where due acknowledgement has been made. This thesis contains no material which has been accepted as part of the requirements of any other academic degree or non-degree program, in English or in any other language. This is a true copy of the thesis, including final revisions. Date: ……………………………………………………… Name (printed letters): ……………………………………………………… Signature: ……………………………………………………… CEU eTD Collection ii Abstract The existing discourse on leftist movements in post-Soviet countries characterizes them as weak and isolated. This research analyzes the case of Lithuania, which has had parliamentary left parties since the democratic transition. Despite this, a new leftist movement recently began to emerge. Therefore, I answer the question, why has the political opportunity emerged for new leftist political groups despite the presence of the “old” left in the Lithuanian government? I analyze the case on several levels. Macro level analysis is based on European Value Study (EVS) 3rd pre-release of 2017 data, while for mezzo/micro level analysis I conducted 8 interviews with the members of the new leftist movement. The research reveals that a precarious society was formed by the losers of democratic transition and globalization. -
Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review by Supporting Articles by German Authors, As Well As the Journal’S Printing and Distribution
VOL. 34 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Linas Kojala EDITOR: Nathan Radtke COVER DESIGN: Jurgis Jonaitis LAYOUT: Ieva Makarevičė PRINTING HOUSE: UAB BSPB PUBLISHER Linas Kojala, Director of Eastern Europe Studies Centre (EESC), is Editor-in-Chief of this year's magazine. EESC is a nongovernmental, non-profit think-tank, established in Vilnius, Lithuania in 2006. It aims to analyze political and economic processes in Eastern Europe and beyond. EESC partners include European Commission, NATO Science for Peace and Security Programme, National Endowment for Democracy, USAID, CEPA, Foreign Policy Research Institute and others. MAIN PARTNER Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania PARTNERS The Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) is a German political foundation, which is in charge of projects in more than 120 countries. KAS is also cooperating in the publication of Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review by supporting articles by German authors, as well as the journal’s printing and distribution. US Embassy in Lithuania E M A I B N A A U.S. Embassy in Lithuania supported U.S. experts contributing to S U SY H V IT ILNIUS, L this year publication. ISSN: 1392-5504 © LFPR, 2018 Vol. 34 All of the pictures used are with a permission from the source for a non-commercial reuse. http://www.lfpr.lt http://www.eesc.lt If you wish to republish an Article, please send your request to [email protected] Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review 3 Policy Lithuanian Foreign © DELFI A NOTE FROM THE EDITOR For a political scientist in Lithuania, However, I am also very happy to while Wolfgang von Stetten ex- there is no bigger privilege than to announce that LFPR will now be plains why Germany and Lithuania become a Chief Editor of one of receiving additional support from are currently enjoying bilateral ties its oldest publications, Lithuanian Konrad Adenauer Stiftung and the that are stronger than ever before. -
Lithuania Leads with Baltic's First
WNALYSES/ by Victoria Tchouikova lithuania leads with Baltic's first GSM-R Compliant Railway Delivering the ultimate safety level of rail traffic is our major goal in implementing this projecr. Lithuanian RaiZwayscontinuously im• Lithuanian Railways is the first and Lithuania) are all members of the European proves passenger fand cargo transportation Union. Since joining the EU, these countries by railway services. This work covers many Baltic country to comply with have made a significant contribution to becom• areas such as rails, rolling-stock, automation, ing "full-format" members of the community information, and undoubtedly communica• EU Railway standards with the attendant commitment to implement tion systems. Many technological processes all EU-required standards, processes and proce• in railway services increasingly depend on dures. This list includes the implementation of the development level of information and the ERTMS (European Rail Traffic Management communication systems. Being aware of important step towards the clear vision of System) control and signaling system utilizing an this, Lithuanian Railways gives special at• Lithuanianseamless movementRailways (LitRail)of trainsachievedacross thean interoperable GSM-R communication system. tention to modernisation and development European rail network. In a historie event, Lithua• GSM-R, the international wireless commu• of their communications network. Installing nian Railways made the first GSM-R call in the nications standard for railway communications the GSM-R wireless communication system Baltic countries using GSM-R technology from helps to increase the efficiency and safety oi the would not only improve safety of rail traffic, Nortel. The call was completed on the Vilnius railway by supporting reliable and secure voice but would also help to reduce operational - Kaunas route which is one of Lithuania's busi• and data communication among railway opera• costs and increase service quality. -
Roland Timerbaev on LIBYA, ANTIMISSILE DEFENSE, AS WELL AS OTHER AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL EVENTS
Roland Timerbaev ON LIBYA, ANTIMISSILE DEFENSE, AS WELL AS OTHER AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL EVENTS In September 2007, Ambassador Roland Timerbaev, Russia’s most eminent specialist in the area of the nonproliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD), and one of the authors of the Treaty on the NonProliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), celebrated his 80th birthday. To honor this milestone, the PIR Center published the memoirs of one of the founders of our organization, our teacher, and our longtime comrade. Selected excerpts from this book appear below. On many occasions my friends have asked me to write down my recollections of my experi ences through the years, in particular about my participation in efforts to further nuclear non proliferation and disarmament, about my role both as an observer and as a participant, yet I demurred. But then some time ago, telling a good friend yet another anecdote from my life experiences and hearing yet again the suggestion that I write down my recollections, I finally decided to put pen to paper. My anecdotes are, chiefly, not about myself but unavoidably, through my participation in the events described, I am a key part of the background and am a figure in the stories since I was an observer, an eyewitness to one event or another involving important or interesting individu als, and I believe that these events are worthy of being recorded. Those events and experi ences which are reflected in my writings will not be arranged in chronological or some other PAGES particular order, but instead presented as they float into my consciousness. -
ANNUAL REPORT 2015 AB Lietuvos Geležinkeliai Mindaugo G
ANNUAL REPORT 2015 AB Lietuvos Geležinkeliai Mindaugo g. 12, Vilnius LT-03603, Lithuania Fax. +370 5 269 21 28 [email protected] www.litrail.lt ANNUAL REPORT 2015 LITHUANIAN RAILWAYS 6 Contents Overview of economic and financial activities 15 Rolling 13 stock 17 Passenger Freight transportation transportation 21 19 Infrastructure 25 Technical development Environmental and investment policy protection 29 Information 27 systems 31 Traffic safety International relations 39 35 Highlights 40 Human resources and JSC Lithuanian social initiatives Railways manage- 42 ment structure Balance 41 sheet 44 Independent Income auditor‘s report statement ANNUAL REPORT 2015 Lithuanian Railways means more than 155 years in experience 50% 10,000+ 84.9% Up to 50% of the freights in Lithuania are transported by railways Employees in 2015 In 2015, 84.9% of its total revenue the Company earned from freight 1,500+ forwarding operations 20+ Customers 105 countries of the world use the services provided by JSC Lithuanian Railways 544 Railway stations 385 544 level crossings 48.05 200+ 383 viaducts and bridges In 2015 – 48.05 m tonnes of freight 200+ locomotives LITHUANIAN RAILWAYS The Lithuanian transport policy seeks the development of nius and Kaunas public intermodal terminals, completion sustainable and environmentally-friendly transport, and the of the projects of road construction works at the sections creation of green transport corridors. The strategic objectives Kūlupėnai–Kretinga, Pavenčiai–Raudėnai and Telšiai–Dū- of JSC Lithuanian Railways related to ensuring the quality of seikiai, and the end of the five years manoeuvre locomotive passenger transportation and freight forwarding services are upgrading programme. in line with the provisions of the State policy, and are being successfully attained. -
Modified Strategic Plan
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT VILNIUS, LITKUAN1.A MODIFIED STRATEGIC PLAN MAY 1997 USAID / LITHUANIA MODIFIED STRATEGIC PLAN FY 1996 Table of Contents 1. Modified Strategy for USAID Assistance to Lithuania: 1997-2000 ............. 1 2. MacroEconomic Setting for Transition ..............................2 3. Democracy Trends ..........................................4 4. Key Transition Challenges .....................................4 5. Modified USAID Strategic Objective Activities ........................6 Strengthened Fiscal Management (SO 1.2) .........................7 A More Stable Financial Environment (SO 1.4) ...................... 7 Improved Energy Safety and Policy (SO 1.5) ........................ 7 Strengthened NGO Sector (2.1) ................................ 8 6. Role of Other Assistance Providers ................................8 7. Budget and Management Implications ..............................9 8. Main Rationale for Extending Graduation ........................... 10 9. Post Close-Out Foundation ....................................11 10. What Will Be Unfinished Without Additional Funding ................... 11 11. Probability of Success ...................................... 12 Tables 1. Summary of budget shifts 2. Macro economic trends 3. Propose modified budget by SOs. Annexes 1. Strategic Objective 1.2, Improved Financial Management, Modified Results Framework 2. Strategic Objective 1.5, Improved Energy Safety and Policy 3. Strategic Objective 2.1, Baltic Region: Sustainable Citizen Participation -
Country Report on Lithuania
Country Report on Lithuania A country report on Lithuania’s position in the EU UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM CoRe Studies VI EUROPEAN POLICY STUDIES Country Report on Lithuania A country report on Lithuania’s position in the EU Country Report Series (CORE‐series) European Policy Studies Universiteit van Amsterdam June 2013 ©Caroline Duits, Elva Goedegebuur, Bodo von Haumeder, Tomas Hos, Shaho Jabbari, Raoul Köhler, Nathalie Koopman, Rosalinde Kranenburg, Veerle Vastwijk, Sjoerd Verest and Arkasha Verschuren. Alle rechten voorbehouden. Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij electronisch, mechanisch door fotokopieën, opnamen of enige andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de auteurs. Voor zover het maken van kopieën uit deze uitgave is toegestaan op grond van artikel 16B Auteurswet 1912 jO, het besluit van juni 1974, Stb. 351, zoals gewijzigd bij het Besluit van 23 augustus, Stb. 471 en artikel 17 Auteurswet 1912, dient men de daarvoor wettelijke verschuldigde vergoedingen te voldoen aan de Stichting Reprorecht (Postbus 882, 1180 Amstelveen). Voor het overnemen van gedeelte(n) uit deze uitgave in bloemlezingen, readers en andere compilatiewerken (artikel 16 Auteurswet 1912) dient men zich tot de uitgever te wenden. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system of any nature, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, now known of hereafter invented, including photocopying or recording, without prior written permission of the authors. ISBN 978‐90‐807611‐8‐6 Table of contents Table of contents ......................................................................................................................................... i List of abbreviations ................................................................................................................................... -
Baltic Sea Security Regional and Sectoral Perspectives ______
Baltic Sea Security Regional and Sectoral Perspectives ______________________________________ Olevs Nikers and Otto Tabuns, editors Washington, DC May 2021 THE JAMESTOWN FOUNDATION Published in the United States by The Jamestown Foundation 1310 L Street NW Suite 810 Washington, DC 20005 http://www.jamestown.org Copyright © 2021 The Jamestown Foundation All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written consent. For copyright and permissions information, contact The Jamestown Foundation, 1310 L Street NW, Suite 810, Washington, DC 20005. The publication is a product of the Baltic Sea Security Initiative. The Initiative was made possible by funding from the Baltic-American Freedom Foundation (BAFF). For more information about BAFF scholarships and speaker support, visit balticamericanfreedomfoundation.org. The Initiative was also supported by The Jamestown Foundation, the Latvian Political Science Association, and the Baltic Security Foundation. The views expressed in the book are those of the contributors and not necessarily those of The Jamestown Foundation or any other organization or government. For more information on this book of The Jamestown Foundation, email [email protected]. ISBN: 978-1-7352752-0-8 Cover art provided by Peggy Archambault of Peggy Archambault Design, archdesign1.com. Jamestown’s Mission The Jamestown Foundation’s mission is to inform and educate policy makers and the broader community about events and trends in those societies which are strategically or tactically important to the United States and which frequently restrict access to such information. Utilizing indigenous and primary sources, Jamestown’s material is delivered without political bias, filter or agenda. -
Lithuanian Annual Strategic Review 2004
ISSN 1648-8024 General Jonas Þemaitis Lithuanian Military Academy Institute of International Relations and Political Science of the University of Vilnius STRATEGIC RESEARCH CENTER LITHUANIAN ANNUAL STRATEGIC REVIEW 2004 Vilnius 2005 Editorial Board Raimundas Lopata, Jûratë Novagrockienë, Gediminas Vitkus Reviewers for sections: “Global International System and Lithuania”; “Changing European Security Space” and “Security Issues in Lithuania” Prof. habil. dr. Jonas Èièinskas, Head of the European Studies Department, Insti- tute of International Relations and Political Science, University of Vilnius Dr. Vaidotas Urbelis, Head of the Defence Policy Planning Department of the Ministry of National Defence Reviewers for section “Lithuania’s Eastern Neighbours” Doc. dr. Kæstutis Ðerpetis, Assoc. prof. of the Political Science Department, School of Social Sciences, University of Klaipëda Doc. dr. Vladas Sirutavièius, Assoc. prof. of the Institute of International Relations and Political Science, University of Vilnius Managing Editor: Gediminas Vitkus Assitant to the Editor: Eglë Ðataitë-Drëgvienë Lithuanian Annual Strategic Review 2004, Vilnius: Lithuanian Military Academy, 2005 The main objective of this publication is to provide the readers with a wide-scale analysis and generalization of the changes, essential and significant, for the national security of Lithuania at international–systemic, regional and national levels. The book also aims to give maximum emphasis to the specificity of Lithuanian national security issues and comprehensively -
Vikingtrain.Com
VIKING TRAIN - CASE STUDY - Disclaimer This document is authorized for use only in eknowit-learning.eu courses, co-funded by the Marco Polo Programme of the European Union. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without the permission of eKnowIT consortium. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials write to [email protected] or go to eknowit.eu. VIKING TRAIN 1. INTRODUCTION In the late 90s, Lithuanian government started to develop a strategy with the aim to become a leading logistics centre in Europe. Lithuania is commonly known as a transit country because in its particular location it shares borders with other European Union (EU) members (Poland and Latvia), with a Commonwealth Independent States (CIS) country (Belarus) and even with the Russian Federation (Kaliningrad Oblast). Lithuanian’s territory is traversed by multiple international transport corridors including access to the Baltic Sea through Klaipeda seaport and connections among Western Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and other CIS countries. In this situation, Lithuanian governments have pursued long-term economic growth through a Transport System Development Strategy. This plan states that the country is heavily committed to comply with EU transport policy that aims to facilitate a modal shift of at least 30% of road freight over 300 km to other transport modes by 2030. In order to achieve such ambitious goal it was indicated that advantages of individual models of transport and efficient interoperability would be exploited to the maximum potential. In this sense, the long-term strategy on transport was clearly oriented to a dominant use of railway mode for freight transportation. -
Groupe De Travail 4
Appendix 1 Points 4, 25 and 26 List of the CIT members and SMGS participants which apply this manual and the traffic axes to which it applies 1 CIT members 2 SMGS participants Azerbaijan Railways CJSCo. Republic of Azerbaijan Baltic Port Rail Mukran GmbH (BPRM) BDZ Cargo EOOD (BDZ TP) Republic of Belarus ČD Cargo, a.s. (CDC) Republic of Bulgaria Central Railways a.s. CFL Cargo People’s Republic of China National Company for Transport by Rail “Marfă” Romania (Societatea Naţionalăde Republic of Estonia Transport Feroviar de Marfă “C.F.R. Marfă” S.A. - CFR Marfă) Constantin Grup Georgia DB Cargo AG Hungary DB Cargo Polska S.A. AB DFDS Seaways Lithuania Republic of Kazakhstan ERS Railways B.V. Georgian Railway JSC Kyrgyz Republic Grup Feroviar Romăn S.A. (GFR) Republic of Latvia GYSEV CARGO Zrt. ITL Eisenbahngesellschaft mbH Republic of Lithuania Latvian Railways (LDZ) Republic of Moldova Lithuanian Railways plc (AB Lietuvos geležinkeliai - LG) Polish Railways (PKP AG) Mongolia Rail Cargo Austria (RCA) Republic of Poland Rail Cargo Hungaria Zrt. (RCH)Rail Cargo Carrier Kft. Russian Federation Rail Cargo Carrier – Italy s.r.l. Rail Cargo Carrier – Romania SRL Slovak Republic Rail Cargo Carrier – Germany GmbH Ukraine Rail Cargo Carrier, druzba za zelezniski tovorni promet, d.o.o. Rail Cargo Carrier – Croatia d.o.o Rail Cargo Carrier – Czech Republic s.r.o. Rail Cargo Carrier – Bulgaria EODD Rail Cargo Carrier – Slovakia s.r.o. Rail Cargo Carrier – Poland z o.o4 Railtrans International, s.r.o. Railways of the Islamic Republic of Iran (RAI)ROFERSPED S.A. -
1.3. Freight Traffic
ORGANISATION FOR CO-OPERATION BETWEEN RAILWAYS (OSJD) 1956-2021 Организация сотрудничества железных дорог (ОСЖД) 铁 路 合 作 组 织 (铁 组) Organisation für die Zusammenarbeit der Eisenbahnen (OSShD) R E P O R T ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ORGANISATION FOR CO-OPERATION BETWEEN RAILWAYS FOR 2020 Members of OSJD As of 1 August 2021 The Countries and Railways - Members of OSJD Countries Railways/Authorities Republic of Azerbaijan AZD - Azerbaijani Railways CJSC Republic of Albania Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ARA - Afghanistan Railway Authority (ARA) Republic of Belarus BC - Byelorussian Railway Republic of Bulgaria BDZ - Holding “Bulgarian State Railways” Hungary MAV - CJSC “Hungarian State Railways” Socialist Republic of Vietnam VZD - Vietnamese Railway State Company Georgia GR - “Georgian Railway” JSC Islamic Republic of Iran RAI - Railway of the Islamic Republic of Iran Republic of Kazakhstan KZH - JSC “Kazakhstan Temir Zholy National Company” (Railway of Kazakhstan) People’s Republic of China KZD - State Department for Railways / China State Railway Group Со., Ltd. Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) ZC - Railways of the People's Democratic Republic of Korea Republic of Korea KORAIL - Korea Railroad Corporation Republic of Cuba Kyrgyz Republic KRG - “Kyrgyz Temir Zholy National Enterprise” State Company (Kyrgyz Railway) Republic of Latvia LDz - State JSC “Latvian Railway” (Latvijas dzelzceļš) Republic of Lithuania LTG - JSC “Lithuanian Railways” (AB “Lietuvos geležinkeliai“) Republic of Moldova CFM - State Enterprise “Railway of Moldova”