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Bedrock Aquifer Systems of Noble County, Indiana EXPLANATION

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Bedrock Aquifer Systems of Noble County, Indiana EXPLANATION Mitchell E. Daniels, Jr., Governor Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Robert E. Carter Jr., Director Aquifer Systems Map 50-B BEDROCK AQUIFER SYSTEMS OF NOBLE COUNTY, INDIANA R. 11 E. R. 12 E. The occurrence of bedrock aquifers depends on the original composition of the rocks and R. 10 E. R. 11 E. T. 36 N. subsequent changes which influence the hydraulic properties. Post-depositional R. 9 E. R. 10 E. T. 35 N. processes which promote jointing, fracturing, and solution activity of exposed bedrock R. 8 E. R. 9 E. generally increase the hydraulic conductivity (permeability) of the upper portion of R. 7 E. R. 8 E. 6 bedrock aquifer systems. Because permeability in many places is greatest near the W 4 3 Wolcottville 1 bedrock surface, bedrock units within the upper 100 feet are commonly the most 0 1 2 0 T. 36 N. W 5 4 Tamarack productive aquifers. T. 35 N. 0 d 0 6 5 2 a 9 3 E Lake o 4 3 d 5 2 4 5 R a 6 7 1 1 5 2 The bedrock aquifer systems in Noble County are overlain by unconsolidated deposits of o 3 y 3 4 t R 5 d n 6 R a varying thickness, ranging from around 200 feet to more than 450 feet. The y u t S o E o n R C 0 u unconsolidated thickness is typically greater than 300 feet in the county. The bedrock 0 o y t No 1 C County Road 1100 N rt hp n Cree aquifers, therefore, are under confined conditions. In other words, the potentiometric ort 1 R d u d o 11 Lake a surface (water level) in most wells completed in bedrock rises above the top of the water- 10 C Jones o 12 9 10 11 7 8 R 12 bearing formation. 9 Lake 7 y t 9 n 7 8 Rome City Wetland 8 u 10 o 10 11 12 11 The yield of a bedrock aquifer depends on its hydraulic characteristics and the nature of 9 C 7 8 Conservation Area 12 County Road 1000 N the overlying deposits. Shale and glacial till act as aquitards, restricting recharge to S underlying bedrock aquifers. However, fracturing and/or jointing may occur in aquitards, E County Road 1000 N Waldron Rome City R lk Latta Lake h 15 3 14 which can increase recharge to the underlying aquifers. Hydraulic properties of the ar Lake t 16 bedrock aquifers are highly variable. W R 17 16 15 13 i 0 13 18 17 v 0 e 18 r 7 14 13 d 17 16 15 Sylvan Wible Lake The susceptibility of bedrock aquifer systems to surface contamination is largely a 13 15 14 o 18 Lake 14 dependent on the type and thickness of the overlying sediments. Because the bedrock R County Road 900 N y 17 t aquifer systems have complex fracturing systems, once a contaminant has been 16 n E 18 u o introduced into a bedrock aquifer system, it will be difficult to track and remediate. 0 Gene Stratton Porter E C 0 0 0 5 County Road 900 N State Historic Site 1 h Cosperville 21 5 24 19 c r d Two bedrock aquifer systems are identified for Noble County. They are, from younger to d n e a a a v 20 21 County Road 850 N 20 22 o r i o R 24 older: the Devonian and Mississippian Coldwater, Ellsworth and Antrim Shales; and the 22 20 22 23 B R 19 R 21 24 y 19 t 23 t 23 h 22 y t t r n Silurian and Devonian Carbonates. 9 n u 24 r a 23 u Dry Run o h o R o N lk C S 21 C 20 E 19 County Road 800 N Little E 0 W Long Lake 5 Devonian and Mississippian -- Coldwater, 0 27 4 25 Silurian and Devonian Carbonates Aquifer System Ligonier 0 26 d 1 Ellsworth and Antrim Shales Aquifer System 29 28 29 a d 30 o 26 30 28 a 25 27 25 30 28 R 29 26 o 27 y R 26 t n 25 y t 28 27 Wawaka u Round Lake The Silurian and Devonian Carbonates Aquifer System subcrops in a small area south of N n The subcrop area for this system covers nearly all of Noble County, except for a small County Road 750 Brimfield o u C County Road 700 N 30 29 o area south of Merriam where the system has been eroded away. The Coldwater, Merriam along the southern county line. In Noble County the only unit that subcrops in Indian C 6 Ellsworth and Antrim Shales Aquifer System is overlain by between 200 and 450 feet of this aquifer system is the Muscatatuck Group of middle Devonian age. Total thickness of E Lake 0 Kendallville unconsolidated deposits. This system is generally less than 100 feet thick in Noble this aquifer system exceeds 870 feet in places. Depth to bedrock in this system ranges 0 5 6 Mallard Roost from around 350 to more than 400 feet. H d County; however, it reaches a thickness of approximately 250 feet along the northeastern u a 33 34 6 Wetland Conservation Area o s 33 34 35 36 31 corner of the county. t 31 R 36 35 o 36 32 32 36 34 n y 35 t Due to the availability of the overlying unconsolidated resources very few wells have Diamond Lake Rd 31 33 32 D n 34 u 32 i In Noble County the Coldwater Shale and Ellsworth Shale subcrop in the northern third been completed in the Silurian and Devonian Carbonates Aquifer System. The reported o Bixler So 33 35 tc T. 35 N. lom h C of the county while the Antrim Shale subcrops in the southern two-thirds. The Coldwater domestic wells utilizing this system in Noble County have depths ranging from 402 to on C County Road 600 N Lake T. 34 N. 31 re S ek E R 33 Diamond Sacarider is typically described as greenish to bluish shales, the Antrim Shale in Indiana is 444 feet deep. The amount of rock penetrated in this system varies from 17 to about 25 0 0 3 described as brownish-black shale and the Ellsworth is described as greenish-gray shale. feet. Domestic well yields range from 10 to 55 gallons per minute. Static water levels 9 Lake 7 Lake T. 35 N. d R Engle a County Line Rd These shales are commonly considered an aquitard; therefore, the system is an extremely are between 72 to 100 feet below the land surface. In Noble County the Silurian and o T. 34 N. S 5 2 5 4 6 3 1 6 R limited ground-water resource. However, in some places the lower portion of the aquifer Lake 1 4 3 2 1 Devonian Carbonates Aquifer System has a low susceptibility to surface contamination 2 y 3 t Stones Hill Rd 1 6 n unit may contain some limestone. because thick clay deposits overlie the system. 2 5 4 u 3 o 5 4 County Road 500 N C 6 Eagle Lake Wetlands Due to the availability of ground water in the overlying unconsolidated aquifers no Conservation Area reported wells have been completed in the Coldwater, Ellsworth and Antrim Shales W W Aquifer System in Noble County. Because the permeability of shale materials is 5 0 0 0 0 R 5 12 considered low and the overlying unconsolidated deposits are thick, susceptibility to 2 10 11 S 8 10 11 12 9 d 9 8 d 7 7 a a 12 contamination introduced at or near the surface is low. o 10 8 9 o d 7 R County Road 450 N R 12 11 11 10 R y y t Lisbon t e n 9 n k u u a o 8 o 7 L County Road 400 N C C a t r d E a R 0 p l 5 S e 1 W p d a 0 13 a 14 15 h 0 o 13 9 18 C 18 R Skinner 15 17 13 d 15 14 17 16 14 n e y a 15 16 16 t 18 17 l o 13 l 14 Lake 16 n Location Map R A 17 Cromwell u 18 o y t County Road 300 N C n SR 8 u o C Albion E Sparta 5 Lake 2 2 Kimmell 19 d 22 a 23 24 23 24 o 22 23 24 19 21 20 R 21 20 22 y 19 20 21 t 21 22 n 20 u 19 o 23 24 C E County Road 200 N 0 0 9 k d Sycamore Cree W d R 25 a 28 27 0 e 29 30 28 o 0 28 E k 27 26 25 30 29 R 0 a Lower 26 0 1 25 30 26 y L 27 0 t 29 d 6 n 25 Long Lake g a 27 26 u 28 n d o 29 o o 30 a R C L o SR 8 y R t County Road 100 N n y t u n o Bakertown u C E Avilla o Port Indian Village 5 C 7 Mitchell d 36 a 33 34 35 35 o 32 33 35 36 31 R 32 36 County Road 50 N 34 36 34 34 32 33 31 y 1 0.5 0 1 Mile t 35 n 33 31 32 u 31 o T.
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