Chapter 1

Types, Selection, and Applications of Microcontrollers

Lesson 2

CPU, Microcomputer and Microcontroller

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 2 CPU Program-flow control Section Fetch Unit Control unit Internal Buses Instruction Execution Section +,-,,  Arithmetic Rotate and Logic XOR, OR, Unit Shift AND,NOT

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 3 Internal bus

Fetch IR Decode ID Control Execution and Sequencer Circuits

CPU

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 4 CPU and Buses

Fetch Unit Memory IO Devices Control unitProgram Counter

Arithmetic and Logic Control Data Unit Bus Bus Address Bus

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 5 Microprocessor - Chip or VLSI Section

Cache

Reset CPU circuit Registers Clock circuit Stack

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 6 Microcomputer Chip or VLSI Core

Microprocessor Memory Interrupt Timing Unit Handler unit

IO Devices Data Control Bus Bus Address Bus

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 7 Computer System

Microprocessor Micro- Ports Memory computer CD Interrupt Handler unit drive Timing Unit Hard Disk Keyboard Peripherals

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 8 Microcontroller Chip or VLSI Core CPU Micro- Ports Memory computer Interrupt Handler unit Serial Devices Timing Devices Watchdog Timer Application specific Devices PWM ADC

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 9 Embedded processor - Chip or VLSI Core

Cache

Reset CPU circuit Large register sets Clock Fast context switching circuit Registers based ALU

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 10

Embedded Microcontroller

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 11 Embedded Microcontroller

CPU Micro- Ports Memory computer Interrupt Handler unit Serial Devices Timing Devices Application Watchdog Timer specific Devices PWM ADC No external memory or devices based system

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 12

External Memory Expanded Microcontroller

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 13 CPU Micro- Ports Memory computer Interrupt Handler unit Internal Devices Timing Devices

External memory or devices based system

External Ports External RAM/ROM

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 14 Summary

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 15

We learnt • Microprocessor— CPU with program flow control unit and execution unit

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 16

We learnt • Microcomputer— A Microprocessor with timing unit, interrupt handling unit and memory

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 17

We learnt

• Microcontrollers— A CPU with on-chip Ports, Memory, Special Function Registers, timers and other registers, serial interface, ADC, PWM and application specific devices

2011 Microcontrollers-... 2nd Ed. Raj Kamal Pearson Education 18