1 Water Intake Structures in Kyrgyzstan Technical Data
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O'zbekiston Respublikasi Xalq Ta'limi Vazirligi
O’ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI XALQ TA’LIMI VAZIRLIGI A. QODIRIY NOMLI JIZZAX DAVLAT PEDAGOGIKA INTSITUTI TABIATSHUNOSLIK VA GEOGRAFIYA FAKULTETI GEOGRAFIYA VA UNI O’QITISH METODIKASI KAFEDRASI O’RTA OSIYO TABIIY GEOGRAFIYASI FANIDAN REFARAT MAVZU: TURON PASTTEKISLIGI. BAJARDI: 307 – GURUH TALABASI ABDULLAYEVA M QABUL QILDI: o’qituvchi: G. XOLDOROVA JIZZAX -2013 1 R E J A: Kirish I. Bob. Turon pasttekisligining tabiiy geografik tavsifi. 1.1. Geografik o’rni va rel’efi 1.2. Iqlimiy xususiyatlari. 1.3. Tuproqlari, o’simlik va hayvonot dunyosi. II. Bob. Turon pasttekisligining hududiy tavsifi. 2.1. Qizilqum va Qoraqum. 2.2. To’rg’ay Mug’ojar. 2.3. Mang’ishloq Ustyurt. Xulosa. Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar. 2 3 4 5 KIRISH. Tabiiy geografik rayonlashtirish deganda xududlarni ularni tabiiy geografik hususiyatlariga qarab turli katta-kichiklikdagi regional birliklarga ajratish tushuniladi. Tabiiy geografik rayonlashtirishda mavjud bo’lgan va taksonamik jihatdan bir-biri bilan bog’liq regional tabiiy geografik komplekislar ajratiladi, har-bir komplekis tabiatning o’ziga xos hususiyatlarini ochib beradi ular tabiatni tasvirlaydi hamda haritaga tushuriladi. Tabiiy geografik region nafaqat tabiiy sharoiti bilan balki o’ziga xos tabiiy resurslari bilan ham boshqalardan ajralib turadi. Shuning uchun tabiiy geografik rayonlashtirish har-bir hududning o’ziga xos sharoiti va reurslarini boxolashga imkon beradi. Uning ilmiy va amaliy ahamiyati, ayniqsa hozirgi vaqtda tabiatda ekologik muozanatni saqlash va ekologik muomolarni oldini olish dolzarb masala bo’lib turganda, juda kattadir. Tabiiy geografik rayonlashtirishni taksonamik birliklar sistemasi asosida amalgam oshirish mumkin. O’rta Osiyo hududini rayonlashtirish bilan ko’p olimlar shug’ulangan. Ular dastlab tarmoq tabiiy geografik; geomarfologik, iqlimiy, tuproqlar geografiyasi, geobatanik va zoogeografik rayonlashtirishga etibor berganlar. -
Investment Profile of KARAKOL CITY КАРАКОЛ Karakol City
Investment Profile of KARAKOL CITY КАРАКОЛ Karakol City Brief presentation of the city Karakol is the fourth-largest city in Kyrgyzstan and is located near the eastern tip of Lake Issyk-Kul, about 150 km west of the Chinese border and 380 km east of the capital, Bishkek. It is the administrative capital of the Issyk-Kul Region in the country’s far east. Karakol’s untapped potential offers investors a variety of investment opportunities at affordable costs, with municipally owned land available for greenfield investments. Thanks to a mild climate and beautiful scenery, the city is known world-wide for its abundant recreational opportunities: Lake Issyk-Kul, skiing, hot springs, and suitable conditions for extreme sports such as paragliding, mountain biking, and mountaineering. It attracts investors from all over the world thanks to rich investment potential in areas such as hotels and restaurants, mountain tourism, honey production, animal breeding, dairy production, and cultivation and processing of fruits and vegetables. 2 КАРАКОЛ Karakol City General Information about Karakol City • Area: 52,000 sq. m. • Population: 75,100 as of January 1, 2018. • 39,900 people within an hour’s drive eastward (Ak-Suu district) • 34,775 people within an hour’s drive on the lake’s north shore (Tyup district) • 69,589 people within an hour’s drive on the lake’s south shore (Jeti-Oguz district) • Location: Karakol sits at the foot of the Teskei-Ala-Too mountain range, downstream of Karakol River, 12 km from the shore of Lake Issyk-Kul, and at 1690-1850 m above the sea level. -
Opportunities for Renewable Energy Sources in Central Asia
, / July 1998 • NREL!fP-210-25047 Opportunities f o Renewable Energ Sources in Central Asia C ntries Alaibek J. Obozov Project KUN RlifCEIVED Kyrgyzstan JUL 2 0 1998 OST_l Walter V. Loscutoff NREL, U.S.A. MASlf.~ DISTRfBUTION OF THIS DOCUMENT IS UNUMtTED ~·~.... ·1~-· •.·-· .. ···~ ~- National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 A national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Managed by Midwest Research Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-83CH10093 Prepared under Task No. D0063040 July 1998 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would , ; · riot iflfrlnge privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service · by· trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Available to DOE and DOE contractors from: Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OST!) P.O. Box62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Prices available by calling (423) 576-8401 Available to the public from: National Technical lnfonnation Service (NTIS) U.S. -
Water Resources Lifeblood of the Region
Water Resources Lifeblood of the Region 68 Central Asia Atlas of Natural Resources ater has long been the fundamental helped the region flourish; on the other, water, concern of Central Asia’s air, land, and biodiversity have been degraded. peoples. Few parts of the region are naturally water endowed, In this chapter, major river basins, inland seas, Wand it is unevenly distributed geographically. lakes, and reservoirs of Central Asia are presented. This scarcity has caused people to adapt in both The substantial economic and ecological benefits positive and negative ways. Vast power projects they provide are described, along with the threats and irrigation schemes have diverted most of facing them—and consequently the threats the water flow, transforming terrain, ecology, facing the economies and ecology of the country and even climate. On the one hand, powerful themselves—as a result of human activities. electrical grids and rich agricultural areas have The Amu Darya River in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, with a canal (left) taking water to irrigate cotton fields.Upper right: Irrigation lifeline, Dostyk main canal in Makktaaral Rayon in South Kasakhstan Oblast, Kazakhstan. Lower right: The Charyn River in the Balkhash Lake basin, Kazakhstan. Water Resources 69 55°0'E 75°0'E 70 1:10 000 000 Central AsiaAtlas ofNaturalResources Major River Basins in Central Asia 200100 0 200 N Kilometers RUSSIAN FEDERATION 50°0'N Irty sh im 50°0'N Ish ASTANA N ura a b m Lake Zaisan E U r a KAZAKHSTAN l u s y r a S Lake Balkhash PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC Ili OF CHINA Chui Aral Sea National capital 1 International boundary S y r D a r Rivers and canals y a River basins Lake Caspian Sea BISHKEK Issyk-Kul Amu Darya UZBEKISTAN Balkhash-Alakol 40°0'N ryn KYRGYZ Na Ob-Irtysh TASHKENT REPUBLIC Syr Darya 40°0'N Ural 1 Chui-Talas AZERBAIJAN 2 Zarafshan TURKMENISTAN 2 Boundaries are not necessarily authoritative. -
Tamga-Altyn-Arashan Day Description
Karakol City, 116 Abdrahmanov str/48 Koenkozov str, www.ecotrek.kg E-mail: [email protected] Skype: Ecotrek https://www.facebook.com/ecotrek.karakol +996 3922 5 11 15 + 996 709 51 11 55 Tamga-Altyn-Arashan Highest Point: 3774m Lowest Point: 2500m Total Elevation Gain: 6840m Total Elevation Loss: 7143m Level of Difficulty: Difficult Total Hours Hiking: ~112Avg Total Amount of trekking days: 14 Approximate Trekking Distance: ~189km Total Hours of driving: ~24hours Total kilometers of driving: ~1094km Day Description Day1 Meet at Manas airport. Bus to the guest house ~40min (25km). Bishkek City tour. Overnight in the guest house (Elevation: 900m). Day2 Leaving the guest house you will travel to Kochkor ~4-5 hours (250km). Overnight in the guest house (Elevation: 1767m). Day3 Leaving the guest house you will travel to Son-Kul lake ~3-4 hours (60km). Overnight in the yurt camp (Elevation: 3000m). Day4 Leaving the yurt camp you will travel to Tamga ~5-6 hours (235km). Overnight in the guest house (Elevation: 1700m). Leaving the guest house you will travel to Tamga valley (1730m) ~10-15 min (10km). There will be a short description of Day5 horseback riding and how to control your horse. You will ride your horse to the junction of Tek-Suu and Bugu Muiuz rivers ~4-5 hours (~18km). Overnight in the tents (Elevation: 2820m). Leaving the campsite you will ride your horse up Tosor pass (3894m) and down to Keregetash valley (3680m) where you will see Day6 Chunkur-Kol lake ~6-7 hours (22km). Overnight in the tent (Elevation: 3673m). -
Qaraqalpaq Tilinin Imla Sqzligi
QARAQALPAQ TILININ IMLA SQZLIGI Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikasi Xaliq bilimlendiriw ministrligi tarepinen tastiyiqlangan NOKIS «BILIM» 2017 Oaraaalpaq tiling imla sozlig.. Uliwma UOK: 811.512.121-35(076.3)------------- ■ S 4 bcrctug.n mektepoqiwshihn KBK: 81.2 Q ar b.um Nokis, «B.I.m» baSpaSl, Q 51 2017-jil- 348 bet. UOK: 8X1.512-121-35 (076.3) KBK: 81.2 Qar Q—51 Diiziwshiler: Madenbay Dawletov Shamshetdin Abdinazimov, Aruxan Dawletova Pikir bildiriwshiler: n.Sevdallaeva. - Filologiya ilimleriniP kandIdaiti Z. Ismaylova - Qaraqalpaqstan RespAlikasXaliq bilimlendmw ministrliginin jetekshi qanigesi. QARAQALPAQ TILININ IMLA SOZLIGI Nokis —«Bilim» — 2017 Redaktorlar S. Aytmuratova, S. Baynazarova Kork.redaktor I. Serjanov Tex. redakton B. Tunmbetov Operatorlar N. Saukieva, A. Begdullaeva Original-maketten basiwga ruqsat etilgen waqti 30.10.2017-j. Formati 60x90 '/]6. Tip «Tayms» garniturasi. Kegl 12. Ofset qagazi. Ofset baspa usilinda basildi. Kolemi 21,75 b.t. 22,6 esap b.t. Nusqasi 4000 dana. Buyirtpa № 17-677. «Bilim» baspasi. 230103. Nokis qalasi, Qaraqalpaqstan koshesi, 9. «0‘zbekiston» baspa-poligrafiyaliq doretiwshilik uyi. Tashkent, «Nawayi» koshesi, 30. © M.Dawletov ham t.b., 2017. ISBN 978-9943-4442-0-1 © «Bilim» baspasi, 2017. QARAQALPAQSTAN RESPUBLIKASI MINISTRLER KENESININ QARARl 224-san. 2016-jil 5-iyul Nokis qalasi QARAQALPAQ TILININ TIYKARGI IMLA QAGIYDALARIN TASTIYIQLAW HAQQINDA Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikasi Joqargi Kenesinin 2016-jil 10-iyunde qabil etilgen «Qaraqalpaqstan Respublikasimn ayinm nizamlanna ozgerisler ham qosimshalar kirgiziw haqqinda»gi 91/IX sanli qarann onnlaw maqsetinde Ministrler Kenesi qarar etedi: 1. Latin jaziwina tiykarlangan Qaraqalpaq tiliniri tiykargi imla qagiydalar jiynagi tastiyiqlansm. 2. Respublika ministrlikleri, vedomstvalari, jergilikli hakimiyat ham basqariw organlan, galaba xabar qurallari latin jaziwina tiykarlangan qaraqalpaq dipbesindegi barliq turdegi xat jazisiwlarda, baspasozde, is jiirgiziwde usi qagiydalardi engiziw boymsha tiyisli ilajlardi islep shiqsin ham amelge asirsm. -
Climate-Proofing Cooperation in the Chu and Talas River Basins
Climate-proofing cooperation in the Chu and Talas river basins Support for integrating the climate dimension into the management of the Chu and Talas River Basins as part of the Enhancing Climate Resilience and Adaptive Capacity in the Transboundary Chu-Talas Basin project, funded by the Finnish Ministry for Foreign Affairs under the FinWaterWei II Initiative Geneva 2018 The Chu and Talas river basins, shared by Kazakhstan and By way of an integrated consultative process, the Finnish the Kyrgyz Republic in Central Asia, are among the few project enabled a climate-change perspective in the design basins in Central Asia with a river basin organization, the and activities of the GEF project as a cross-cutting issue. Chu-Talas Water Commission. This Commission began to The review of climate impacts was elaborated as a thematic address emerging challenges such as climate change and, annex to the GEF Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis, to this end, in 2016 created the dedicated Working Group on which also included suggestions for adaptation measures, Adaptation to Climate Change and Long-term Programmes. many of which found their way into the Strategic Action Transboundary cooperation has been supported by the Programme resulting from the project. It has also provided United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) the Commission and other stakeholders with cutting-edge and other partners since the early 2000s. The basins knowledge about climate scenarios, water and health in the are also part of the Global Network of Basins Working context of climate change, adaptation and its financing, as on Climate Change under the UNECE Convention on the well as modern tools for managing river basins and water Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and scarcity at the national, transboundary and global levels. -
Desk-Study on Core Zone Karakoo Bioshere Reserve Issyk-Kul
Potential for strengthening the coverage of the core zone of Biosphere Reserve Issyk-Kul This project has been funded by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety with means of the Advisory Assistance Programme for Environmental Protection in the Countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia. It was supervised by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Bundesamt für Naturschutz, BfN) and the Federal Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt, UBA). The content of this publication lies within the responsibility of the authors. Bishkek / Greifswald 2014 Potential for strengthening the coverage of the core zone of Biosphere Reserve Issyk-Kul prepared by: Jens Wunderlich Michael Succow Foundation for the protection of Nature Ellernholzstr. 1/3 D- 17489 Greifswald Germany Tel.: +49 3834 835414 E-Mail: [email protected] www.succow-stiftung.de/home.html Ilia Domashev, Kirilenko A.V., Shukurov E.E. BIOM 105 / 328 Abdymomunova Str. 6th Laboratory Building of Kyrgyz National University named J.Balasagyn Bishkek Kyrgyzstan E-Mail: [email protected] www.biom.kg/en Scientific consultant: Prof. Shukurov, E.Dj. front page picture: Prof. Michael Succow desert south-west of Issyk-Kul – summer 2013 Abbreviations and explanation of terms Aiyl Kyrgyz for village Akim Province governor BMZ Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development of Germany BMU Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety of Germany BR Biosphere Reserve Court of Ak-sakal traditional way to solve conflicts. Court of Ak-sakal is elected among respected persons. It deals with small household disputes and conflicts, leading parties to agreement. -
Hydrochemical Composition and Potentially Toxic Elements in the Kyrgyzstan Portion of the Transboundary Chu-Talas River Basin, C
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Hydrochemical composition and potentially toxic elements in the Kyrgyzstan portion of the transboundary Chu‑Talas river basin, Central Asia Long Ma1,2,3*, Yaoming Li1,2,3, Jilili Abuduwaili1,2,3, Salamat Abdyzhapar uulu2,4 & Wen Liu1,2,3 Water chemistry and the assessment of health risks of potentially toxic elements have important research signifcance for water resource utilization and human health. However, not enough attention has been paid to the study of surface water environments in many parts of Central Asia. Sixty water samples were collected from the transboundary river basin of Chu-Talas during periods of high and low river fow, and the hydrochemical composition, including major ions and potentially toxic elements (Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, and As), was used to determine the status of irrigation suitability and risks to human health. The results suggest that major ions in river water throughout the entire basin are mainly afected by water–rock interactions, resulting in the dissolution and weathering of carbonate and silicate rocks. The concentrations of major ions change to some extent with diferent hydrological periods; however, the hydrochemical type of calcium carbonate remains unchanged. Based on the water-quality assessment, river water in the basin is classifed as excellent/good for irrigation. The relationship between potentially toxic elements (Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, and As) and major ions is basically the same between periods of high and low river fow. There are signifcant diferences between the sources of potentially toxic elements (Zn, Pb, Cu, and As) and major ions; however, Cr may share the same rock source as major ions. -
Statistical Forecast of Seasonal Discharge in Central Asia Using
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2225–2254, 2018 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2225-2018 © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Statistical forecast of seasonal discharge in Central Asia using observational records: development of a generic linear modelling tool for operational water resource management Heiko Apel1, Zharkinay Abdykerimova2, Marina Agalhanova3, Azamat Baimaganbetov4, Nadejda Gavrilenko5, Lars Gerlitz1, Olga Kalashnikova6, Katy Unger-Shayesteh1, Sergiy Vorogushyn1, and Abror Gafurov1 1GFZ German Research Centre for Geoscience, Section 5.4 Hydrology, Potsdam, Germany 2Hydro-Meteorological Service of Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan 3Hydro-Meteorological Service of Turkmenistan, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan 4Hydro-Meteorological Service of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan 5Hydro-Meteorological Service of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan 6CAIAG Central Asian Institute for Applied Geoscience, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Correspondence: Heiko Apel ([email protected]) Received: 15 June 2017 – Discussion started: 21 June 2017 Revised: 13 February 2018 – Accepted: 27 February 2018 – Published: 11 April 2018 Abstract. The semi-arid regions of Central Asia crucially els are derived based on these predictors as linear combi- depend on the water resources supplied by the mountain- nations of up to four predictors. A user-selectable number ous areas of the Tien Shan and Pamir and Altai moun- of the best models is extracted automatically by the devel- tains. During the summer months the snow-melt- and glacier- oped model fitting algorithm, which includes a test for ro- melt-dominated river discharge originating in the moun- bustness by a leave-one-out cross-validation. Based on the tains provides the main water resource available for agricul- cross-validation the predictive uncertainty was quantified for tural production, but also for storage in reservoirs for en- every prediction model. -
Water Management in Kazakhstan
Industry Report WATER MANAGEMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN OFFICIAL PROGRAM INDUSTRY REPORT WATER MANAGEMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN Date: April 2017 Language: English Number of pages: 27 Author: Mr. Marat Shibutov Other sectorial Reports: Are you interested in other Reports for other sectors and countries? Please find more Reports here: s-ge.com/reports DISCLAIMER The information in this report were gathered and researched from sources believed to be reliable and are written in good faith. Switzerland Global Enterprise and its network partners cannot be held liable for data, which might not be complete, accurate or up-to-date; nor for data which are from internet pages/sources on which Switzerland Global Enterprise or its network partners do not have any influence. The information in this report do not have a legal or juridical character, unless specifically noted. Contents 5.2. State and Government Programmes _________ 19 1. FOREWORD____________________________ 4 5.3. Recommended Technologies and Technology 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY __________________ 5 Suppliers ___________________________ 21 2.1. Current Situation with Water Resources _______ 5 6. PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT IN WATER 2.1.1. General Situation ______________________ 5 RESOURCES __________________________ 23 2.1.2. Stream Flow Situation ___________________ 5 2.1.2.1. Main Basins __________________________ 6 6.1. Prospects in the sphere of hydraulic engineering 2.1.2.2. Minor Basins _________________________ 6 structures __________________________ 23 6.2. Prospects in Agriculture _________________ 24 2.2. Myths and Real Water Situation ____________ 8 6.3. Prospects in the housing and utility sector _____ 24 2.2.1. Need for Canals________________________ 8 6.4. Prospects in Industry ___________________ 24 2.2.2. -
Jilili Abuduwaili · Gulnura Issanova Galymzhan Saparov Hydrology and Limnology of Central Asia Water Resources Development and Management
Water Resources Development and Management Jilili Abuduwaili · Gulnura Issanova Galymzhan Saparov Hydrology and Limnology of Central Asia Water Resources Development and Management Series editors Asit K. Biswas, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Cecilia Tortajada, Institute of Water Policy, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Editorial Board Dogan Altinbilek, Ankara, Turkey Francisco González-Gómez, Granada, Spain Chennat Gopalakrishnan, Honolulu, USA James Horne, Canberra, Australia David J. Molden, Kathmandu, Nepal Olli Varis, Helsinki, Finland Hao Wang, Beijing, China [email protected] More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7009 [email protected] Jilili Abuduwaili • Gulnura Issanova Galymzhan Saparov Hydrology and Limnology of Central Asia 123 [email protected] Jilili Abuduwaili and State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology Faculty of Geography and Environmental and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sciences Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Urumqi Almaty China Kazakhstan and and Research Centre of Ecology and Research Centre of Ecology and Environment of Central Asia (Almaty) Environment of Central Asia (Almaty) Almaty Almaty Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Gulnura Issanova Galymzhan Saparov State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Research Centre of Ecology and Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology Environment of Central Asia (Almaty) and Geography, Chinese Academy of U.U. Uspanov Kazakh Research Institute of Sciences Soil Science and Agrochemistry Urumqi Almaty China Kazakhstan ISSN 1614-810X ISSN 2198-316X (electronic) Water Resources Development and Management ISBN 978-981-13-0928-1 ISBN 978-981-13-0929-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0929-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018943710 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.