Harvey Prize Winners

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Harvey Prize Winners HARVEY PRIZE WINNERS 1972 1984 1994 2004 William J. Kolff, U.S.A., Franz Rosenthal, U.S.A., Vladimir I. Arnold**, Russia, Arthur Ashkin, U.S.A., Human Health Literature Science and Technology Science and Technology Claude E. Shannon, U.S.A., Peter P. Sorokin, U.S.A., Robert A. Weinberg**, Wayne A. Hendrickson, Science and Technology Science and Technology U.S.A., Human Health U.S.A., Human Health 1974 1985 1995 2005 Alan Howard Cottrell, U.K., George Bernard Dantzig, John W. Cahn, U.S.A., Wolfgang Baumeister, Science and Technology U.S.A., Science and Science and Technology Germany, Science and Gershom Scholem, Israel, Technology Donald E. Knuth, U.S.A., Technology Literature Barnett Rosenberg, U.S.A., Science and Technology Edward Witten, U.S.A., Human Health 1975 Science and Technology George Klein, Sweden, 1986 1996 Human Health Paul C. Lauterbur*, U.S.A., C. Walton Lillehei, U.S.A., 2006 Edward Teller, U.S.A., Science and Technology Human Health Charles L. Bennett, U.S.A., Science and Technology Benjamin Mazar, Israel, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji*, Science and Technology Literature France, Science and Ronald M. Evans**, U.S.A., 1976 Technology Human Health Saul Lieberman, U.S.A., 1987 Literature Pierre Chambon, France, 1997 2007 Herman F. Mark,**, U.S.A., Science and Technology Roger D. Kornberg*, U.S.A., Michael Grätzel, Switzerland, Science and Technology Sydney Brenner*, U.K., Science and Technology Science and Technology Human Health Stephen E. Harris, U.S.A., 1977 1998 Science and Technology Seymour Benzer**, U.S.A., 1988 Richard Karp, U.S.A., Science Human Health and Technology 2008 Freeman John Dyson**, Pierre-Gilles de Gennes*,**, France, Science and K. Barry Sharpless*,**, Charles H. Bennett, U.S.A., U.S.A., Science and U.S.A., Science and Science and Technology Technology Technology Technology David Eisenberg, U.S.A., Human Health 1978 1989 Bernard Lewis, U.S.A., Benoit B. Mandelbrot**, 1999 Literature U.S.A., Science and Elizabeth H. Blackburn*, 2009 Isaak Wahl, Israel, Science Technology U.S.A., Human Health David C. Baulcombe**, U.K., and Technology Robert G. Gallager, U.S.A., Science and Technology 1990 Science and Technology Shuji Nakamura, U.S.A., 1979 Robert H. Dennard, U.S.A., Science and Technology Ephraim Racker, U.S.A., Technology 2000 Human Health David J. Gross*, U.S.A., 2010 1991 Science and Technology Michael Karin, U.S.A., 1980 Jacques-Louis Lions, France, Harry B. Gray**, U.S.A., Human Health Shlomo Dov Goitein, U.S.A./ Science and Technology Science and Technology Alexander M. Polyakov,U.S.A., Israel, Literature Science and Technology Michael O. Rabin, Israel, Bert Sakmann*, Germany, Human Health 2001 Science and Technology Bert Vogelstein, U.S.A., 2011 Human Health Richard H. Friend, U.K., 1981 1992 Mikhail Sergievich James E. Peebles, U.S.A., Science and Technology Hans W. Kosterlitz, U.K., Science and Technology Judea Pearl, U.S.A., Human Health Gorbachev*, U.S.S.R., Science and Technology James M. Lighthill U.K., Outstanding Contribution to 2002 Science and Technology Peace in the Middle East Amnon Yariv, U.S.A., Ada E. Yonath*,**, Israel, 2012 1982 Technology Science and Technology Eric Lander, U.S.A., Jacob Polotsky, Israel, Peter B. Dervan, U.S.A, Human Health Literature 1993 Science and Technology Eli Yablonovitch, U.S.A., Alvin M. Weinberg, U.S.A., Hillel Furstenberg,**, Israel, Science and Technology Science and Technology Science and Technology 2003 Eric Kandel*,**, U.S.A., Robert S. Langer, U.S.A., 1983 Science and Technology Science and Technology and Robert Aumann*, Israel, Richard Zare**, U.S.A., Human Health Science and Technology Science and Technology Philip Leder, U.S.A., Human Health * Nobel Prize Laureate ** Wolf Prize Laureate.
Recommended publications
  • Unrestricted Immigration and the Foreign Dominance Of
    Unrestricted Immigration and the Foreign Dominance of United States Nobel Prize Winners in Science: Irrefutable Data and Exemplary Family Narratives—Backup Data and Information Andrew A. Beveridge, Queens and Graduate Center CUNY and Social Explorer, Inc. Lynn Caporale, Strategic Scientific Advisor and Author The following slides were presented at the recent meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. This project and paper is an outgrowth of that session, and will combine qualitative data on Nobel Prize Winners family histories along with analyses of the pattern of Nobel Winners. The first set of slides show some of the patterns so far found, and will be augmented for the formal paper. The second set of slides shows some examples of the Nobel families. The authors a developing a systematic data base of Nobel Winners (mainly US), their careers and their family histories. This turned out to be much more challenging than expected, since many winners do not emphasize their family origins in their own biographies or autobiographies or other commentary. Dr. Caporale has reached out to some laureates or their families to elicit that information. We plan to systematically compare the laureates to the population in the US at large, including immigrants and non‐immigrants at various periods. Outline of Presentation • A preliminary examination of the 609 Nobel Prize Winners, 291 of whom were at an American Institution when they received the Nobel in physics, chemistry or physiology and medicine • Will look at patterns of
    [Show full text]
  • And Should Not, Change Toxic Tort Causation Doctrine
    THE MORE WE KNOW, THE LESS INTELLIGENT WE ARE? - HOW GENOMIC INFORMATION SHOULD, AND SHOULD NOT, CHANGE TOXIC TORT CAUSATION DOCTRINE Steve C. Gold* Advances in genomic science are rapidly increasing our understanding of dis- ease and toxicity at the most fundamental biological level. Some say this heralds a new era of certainty in linking toxic substances to human illness in the courtroom. Others are skeptical. In this Article I argue that the new sciences of molecular epidemiology and toxicogenomics will evince both remarkable explanatory power and intractable complexity. Therefore, even when these sciences are brought to bear, toxic tort claims will continue to present their familiar jurisprudential problems. Nevertheless, as genomic information is used in toxic tort cases, the sci- entific developments will offer courts an opportunity to correct mistakes of the past. Courts will miss those opportunities, however, if they simply transfer attitudesfrom classical epidemiology and toxicology to molecular and genomic knowledge. Using the possible link between trichloroethyleneand a type of kidney cancer as an exam- ple, I describe several causation issues where courts can, if they choose, improve doctrine by properly understanding and utilizing genomic information. L Introduction ............................................... 370 II. Causation in Toxic Torts Before Genomics ................... 371 A. The Problem .......................................... 371 B. Classical Sources of Causation Evidence ................ 372 C. The Courts Embrace Epidemiology - Perhaps Too Tightly ................................................ 374 D. Evidence Meets Substance: Keepers of the Gate ......... 379 E. The Opposing Tendency ................................ 382 III. Genomics, Toxicogenomics, and Molecular Epidemiology: The M ore We Know ........................................ 383 A. Genetic Variability and "Background" Risk .............. 384 B. Genetic Variability and Exposure Risk ................... 389 C.
    [Show full text]
  • FIELDS MEDAL for Mathematical Efforts R
    Recognizing the Real and the Potential: FIELDS MEDAL for Mathematical Efforts R Fields Medal recipients since inception Year Winners 1936 Lars Valerian Ahlfors (Harvard University) (April 18, 1907 – October 11, 1996) Jesse Douglas (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (July 3, 1897 – September 7, 1965) 1950 Atle Selberg (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton) (June 14, 1917 – August 6, 2007) 1954 Kunihiko Kodaira (Princeton University) (March 16, 1915 – July 26, 1997) 1962 John Willard Milnor (Princeton University) (born February 20, 1931) The Fields Medal 1966 Paul Joseph Cohen (Stanford University) (April 2, 1934 – March 23, 2007) Stephen Smale (University of California, Berkeley) (born July 15, 1930) is awarded 1970 Heisuke Hironaka (Harvard University) (born April 9, 1931) every four years 1974 David Bryant Mumford (Harvard University) (born June 11, 1937) 1978 Charles Louis Fefferman (Princeton University) (born April 18, 1949) on the occasion of the Daniel G. Quillen (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (June 22, 1940 – April 30, 2011) International Congress 1982 William P. Thurston (Princeton University) (October 30, 1946 – August 21, 2012) Shing-Tung Yau (Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton) (born April 4, 1949) of Mathematicians 1986 Gerd Faltings (Princeton University) (born July 28, 1954) to recognize Michael Freedman (University of California, San Diego) (born April 21, 1951) 1990 Vaughan Jones (University of California, Berkeley) (born December 31, 1952) outstanding Edward Witten (Institute for Advanced Study,
    [Show full text]
  • What's Inside
    Newsletter A publication of the Controlled Release Society Volume 32 • Number 1 • 2015 What’s Inside 42nd CRS Annual Meeting & Exposition pH-Responsive Fluorescence Polymer Probe for Tumor pH Targeting In Situ-Gelling Hydrogels for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Using a Microinjection Device Interview with Paolo Colombo Patent Watch Robert Langer Awarded the Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering Newsletter Charles Frey Vol. 32 • No. 1 • 2015 Editor Table of Contents From the Editor .................................................................................................................. 2 From the President ............................................................................................................ 3 Interview Steven Giannos An Interview with Paolo Colombo from University of Parma .............................................. 4 Editor 42nd CRS Annual Meeting & Exposition .......................................................................... 6 What’s on Board Access the Future of Delivery Science and Technology with Key CRS Resources .............. 9 Scientifically Speaking pH-Responsive Fluorescence Polymer Probe for Tumor pH Targeting ............................. 10 Arlene McDowell Editor In Situ-Gelling Hydrogels for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Using a Microinjection Device ........................................................................................................ 12 Patent Watch ................................................................................................................... 14 Special
    [Show full text]
  • Medical Advisory Board September 1, 2006–August 31, 2007
    hoWard hughes medical iNstitute 2007 annual report What’s Next h o W ard hughes medical i 4000 oNes Bridge road chevy chase, marylaNd 20815-6789 www.hhmi.org N stitute 2007 a nn ual report What’s Next Letter from the president 2 The primary purpose and objective of the conversation: wiLLiam r. Lummis 6 Howard Hughes Medical Institute shall be the promotion of human knowledge within the CREDITS thiNkiNg field of the basic sciences (principally the field of like medical research and education) and the a scieNtist 8 effective application thereof for the benefit of mankind. Page 1 Page 25 Page 43 Page 50 seeiNg Illustration by Riccardo Vecchio Südhof: Paul Fetters; Fuchs: Janelia Farm lab: © Photography Neurotoxin (Brunger & Chapman): Page 3 Matthew Septimus; SCNT images: by Brad Feinknopf; First level of Rongsheng Jin and Axel Brunger; iN Bruce Weller Blake Porch and Chris Vargas/HHMI lab building: © Photography by Shadlen: Paul Fetters; Mouse Page 6 Page 26 Brad Feinknopf (Tsai): Li-Huei Tsai; Zoghbi: Agapito NeW Illustration by Riccardo Vecchio Arabidopsis: Laboratory of Joanne Page 44 Sanchez/Baylor College 14 Page 8 Chory; Chory: Courtesy of Salk Janelia Farm guest housing: © Jeff Page 51 Ways Illustration by Riccardo Vecchio Institute Goldberg/Esto; Dudman: Matthew Szostak: Mark Wilson; Evans: Fred Page 10 Page 27 Septimus; Lee: Oliver Wien; Greaves/PR Newswire, © HHMI; Mello: Erika Larsen; Hannon: Zack Rosenthal: Paul Fetters; Students: Leonardo: Paul Fetters; Riddiford: Steitz: Harold Shapiro; Lefkowitz: capacity Seckler/AP, © HHMI; Lowe: Zack Paul Fetters; Map: Reprinted by Paul Fetters; Truman: Paul Fetters Stewart Waller/PR Newswire, Seckler/AP, © HHMI permission from Macmillan Page 46 © HHMI for Page 12 Publishers, Ltd.: Nature vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Dean, School of Science
    Dean, School of Science School of Science faculty members seek to answer fundamental questions about nature ranging in scope from the microscopic—where a neuroscientist might isolate the electrical activity of a single neuron—to the telescopic—where an astrophysicist might scan hundreds of thousands of stars to find Earth-like planets in their orbits. Their research will bring us a better understanding of the nature of our universe, and will help us address major challenges to improving and sustaining our quality of life, such as developing viable resources of renewable energy or unravelling the complex mechanics of Alzheimer’s and other diseases of the aging brain. These profound and important questions often require collaborations across departments or schools. At the School of Science, such boundaries do not prevent people from working together; our faculty cross such boundaries as easily as they walk across the invisible boundary between one building and another in our campus’s interconnected buildings. Collaborations across School and department lines are facilitated by affiliations with MIT’s numerous laboratories, centers, and institutes, such as the Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, as well as through participation in interdisciplinary initiatives, such as the Aging Brain Initiative or the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Our faculty’s commitment to teaching and mentorship, like their research, is not constrained by lines between schools or departments. School of Science faculty teach General Institute Requirement subjects in biology, chemistry, mathematics, and physics that provide the conceptual foundation of every undergraduate student’s education at MIT. The School faculty solidify cross-disciplinary connections through participation in graduate programs established in collaboration with School of Engineering, such as the programs in biophysics, microbiology, or molecular and cellular neuroscience.
    [Show full text]
  • 2004 Albert Lasker Nomination Form
    albert and mary lasker foundation 110 East 42nd Street Suite 1300 New York, ny 10017 November 3, 2003 tel 212 286-0222 fax 212 286-0924 Greetings: www.laskerfoundation.org james w. fordyce On behalf of the Albert and Mary Lasker Foundation, I invite you to submit a nomination Chairman neen hunt, ed.d. for the 2004 Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards. President mrs. anne b. fordyce The Awards will be offered in three categories: Basic Medical Research, Clinical Medical Vice President Research, and Special Achievement in Medical Science. This is the 59th year of these christopher w. brody Treasurer awards. Since the program was first established in 1944, 68 Lasker Laureates have later w. michael brown Secretary won Nobel Prizes. Additional information on previous Lasker Laureates can be found jordan u. gutterman, m.d. online at our web site http://www.laskerfoundation.org. Representative Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards Program Nominations that have been made in previous years may be updated and resubmitted in purnell w. choppin, m.d. accordance with the instructions on page 2 of this nomination booklet. daniel e. koshland, jr., ph.d. mrs. william mccormick blair, jr. the honorable mark o. hatfied Nominations should be received by the Foundation no later than February 2, 2004. Directors Emeritus A distinguished panel of jurors will select the scientists to be honored. The 2004 Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards will be presented at a luncheon ceremony given by the Foundation in New York City on Friday, October 1, 2004. Sincerely, Joseph L. Goldstein, M.D. Chairman, Awards Jury Albert Lasker Medical Research Awards ALBERT LASKER MEDICAL2004 RESEARCH AWARDS PURPOSE AND DESCRIPTION OF THE AWARDS The major purpose of these Awards is to recognize and honor individuals who have made signifi- cant contributions in basic or clinical research in diseases that are the main cause of death and disability.
    [Show full text]
  • Brief Biography of Professor Richard Zare Born on 19 November, 1939 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, Dr
    Brief biography of professor Richard Zare Born on 19 November, 1939 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, Dr. Richard Zare is the Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor in Natural Science, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University. His research covers many different areas but is quite noted for advances in laser chemistry, resulting in a greater understanding of chemical reactions at the molecular level and contributing very significantly to solving a variety of problems in chemical analysis. His development of laser induced fluorescence as a method for studying reaction dynamics has been widely adopted in other laboratories. Awards include the U.S. National Medal of Science (1983), the Welch Award in Chemistry (1999), the Wolf Prize in Chemistry (2005), the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in the Basic Sciences (2010), and the King Faisal International Prize in Science (2011). He has also received honorary doctorates from Uppsala University and Chalmers Institute of Technology among other institutions. His memberships include the National Academy of Sciences, the Royal Society, the Swedish Royal Academy of Engineering Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Indian Academy of Sciences, and The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) for developing countries. From 1992 to 1998, he served on the National Science Board, the policy making board of the United States National Science Foundation, the last two years as its Chair. He presently chairs COSEPUP, the Committee on Science, Engineering and Public Policy of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. Brief biography of professor Stefan W. Hell Stefan W. Hell is a director at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen, where he leads the Department of NanoBiophotonics.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthur Ashkin (1922 - 2020)
    September 2020 IN MEMORIAM Arthur Ashkin (1922 - 2020) Arthur Ashkin, IEEE Life Fellow, Throughout his life, Art also never failed to considered “the father of optical tweezers” mention the contributions of his for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize colleagues at Bell Labs that helped him in Physics 2018, has passed away at the achieve scientific breakthroughs, age of 98. especially his assistant Joseph Dziedzic. The IEEE Photonics Society and its And, the most significant support Ashkin members mourn this great loss of a friend, ever received is from Aline, his wife of 66 colleague and pioneer in the fields of years, who he met in college at Cornell optics and photonics. University. She herself is well trained in chemistry and taught at Holmdel High Art, as he was known in the community, School in New Jersey. One can find a worked most of his career at AT&T Bell comprehensive historical account of the Laboratories, from 1952 to 1991. There he scientific development of optical trapping began his work on manipulation of in a book written by Ashkin with the help microparticles with laser light in the late of Aline. 1960s which resulted in the invention of optical tweezers in 1986. He also Together, he and Aline raised three pioneered the optical trapping process. children and five grandchildren. Such traps have found a wide range of important and unique applications. They Ashkin was a mentor, collaborator, and are used to manipulate small objects friend to many within the scientific down to the size of atoms. community. René-Jean Essiambre, a close friend and mentee who presented This includes “small living things”, as the Nobel Lecture in Physics for Ashkin in Ashkin liked to say, such as viruses, 2018, expressed the profound impact he bacteria, living cells, organelles within had on the optics and photonics fields.
    [Show full text]
  • GSA Welcomes 2012 Board Members
    7INTERs3PRING 4HE'3!2EPORTER winter s spring 2012 New Executive GSA Welcomes 2012 Board Members Director Now on Board The Genetics Society of America New Members of the GSA Board of welcomes four new members elected Directors Adam P. Fagen, by the general membership to the Ph.D., stepped in as 2012 GSA Board of Directors. The VICE PRESIDENT: GSA’s new Executive new members are: Michael Lynch Michael Lynch, Director beginning (Indiana University), who serves as Distinguished December 1, 2011. vice president in 2012 and as GSA Professor of Dr. Fagen previously president in 2013 and Marnie E. Biology, Class of was at the American Halpern (Carnegie Institution for 1954 Professor, Society of Plant Science); Mohamed Noor (Duke Department of Biologists (ASPB), University); and John Schimenti Biology, Indiana where he was the director of public (Cornell University), who will serve as University, continued on page nineteen directors. Bloomington. Dr. Lynch is a population and evolutionary biologist and a In addition to these elected officers, long-time member of GSA. Dr. Lynch 2012 Brenda J. Andrews (University of sees GSA as the home for geneticists Toronto), Editor-in-Chief of GSA’s who study a broad base of topics GSA Award journal, G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics, and organisms, and as a forum Recipients which was first published online in where general discussion occurs, June 2011, becomes a member of the whether based on the principles Announced Board of Directors. The bylaws have of genetics, the most pressing historically included the GENETICS GSA is pleased to announce the issues within the discipline itself, or editor-in-chief on the Board and as a responses to societal concerns and/ 2012 recipients of its five awards result of a 2011 bylaw revision, the G3 for distinguished service in the or conflicts within applied genetics.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Comments on Physical Mathematics
    Preprint typeset in JHEP style - HYPER VERSION Some Comments on Physical Mathematics Gregory W. Moore Abstract: These are some thoughts that accompany a talk delivered at the APS Savannah meeting, April 5, 2014. I have serious doubts about whether I deserve to be awarded the 2014 Heineman Prize. Nevertheless, I thank the APS and the selection committee for their recognition of the work I have been involved in, as well as the Heineman Foundation for its continued support of Mathematical Physics. Above all, I thank my many excellent collaborators and teachers for making possible my participation in some very rewarding scientific research. 1 I have been asked to give a talk in this prize session, and so I will use the occasion to say a few words about Mathematical Physics, and its relation to the sub-discipline of Physical Mathematics. I will also comment on how some of the work mentioned in the citation illuminates this emergent field. I will begin by framing the remarks in a much broader historical and philosophical context. I hasten to add that I am neither a historian nor a philosopher of science, as will become immediately obvious to any expert, but my impression is that if we look back to the modern era of science then major figures such as Galileo, Kepler, Leibniz, and New- ton were neither physicists nor mathematicans. Rather they were Natural Philosophers. Even around the turn of the 19th century the same could still be said of Bernoulli, Euler, Lagrange, and Hamilton. But a real divide between Mathematics and Physics began to open up in the 19th century.
    [Show full text]
  • CHEMISTRY Life in an RNA World
    wint'00.html Vol. I U · C H E M I S T R Y Life in an RNA World by Donald H. Burke, Assistant Professor of Chemistry Donald Burke joined the chemistry department as an assistant professor after receiving a PhD at the University of Califormia, Berkeley, and postdoctoral studies at the University of Colorado. We are indebted to him for this summary of the ongoing efforts in his and others' laborotories in this exciting research area. The Editors RNA-based life? It is the sort of thing they might have used on Star Trek, if they could have found a way to work it into the plot. They had creatures made from gigantic crystals, swarms of microscopic robots with a collective consciousness, and creatures that floated through outer space. Vulcan biochemistry was different enough that it used copper in place of iron to carry oxygen. Why not a cellular life form devoid of proteins, that used RNA molecules to perform catalysis and maintain genetic information? For the most part, if a macromolecule is doing work in a cell here on earth, that molecule is a protein, with a few notable, but isolated exceptions. Does it have to be that way? Can RNA replace proteins or even repair metabolic damage wrought by proteins that misbehave? The question lies at the heart of some avenues of biomedical and microbial engineering, and the answer may reveal much about the earliest forms of life on earth. The last four decades have seen a steady shift in the perception of RNA's role in biology.
    [Show full text]