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Les Mollusques Continentaux De La Région Nord-Pas-De-Calais Liste Des Espèces, Échantillonnage Et Base De Données

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Les Mollusques Continentaux De La Région Nord-Pas-De-Calais Liste Des Espèces, Échantillonnage Et Base De Données Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille – U.F.R. de Biologie Année 2003 n°ordre Diplôme Supérieur de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles Présenté et soutenu publiquement par XAVIER CUCHERAT le 2 juillet 2003 Les Mollusques Continentaux de la Région Nord-Pas-de-Calais Liste des espèces, Échantillonnage et Base de Données Jury PR. M. DESCAMPS Université de Lille I Président DR. A. LEPRETRE Université de Lille I Rapporteur DR. S. DEMUYNCK Université de Lille I Examinateur DR. J. GODIN Université de Lille I Examinateur DR. J. PRYGIEL Agence de l’Eau Artois-Picardie Examinateur Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille – U.F.R. de Biologie Année 2003 n°ordre Diplôme Supérieur de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles Présenté et soutenu publiquement par XAVIER CUCHERAT le 2 juillet 2003 Les Mollusques Continentaux de la Région Nord-Pas-de-Calais Liste des espèces, Échantillonnage et Base de Données Arion rufus (LINNAEUS 1758) Lymnaea stagnalis (LINNAEUS 1758) Adultes en parade nuptiale / Forêt Domaniale Adulte / dunes d’Erdeven / Erdeven de Mormal / Locquignol (Nord). 09/2001. (Morbihan). 05/2001. Taille des individus : 90 mm. Taille de l’individu : 60 mm. Photo : GUILLAUME EVANNO Photo : GUILLAUME EVANNO Malacolimax tenellus (O. F. MÜLLER 1774) Cepaea nemoralis nemoralis (LINNAEUS Adulte / Forêt Domaniale de Mormal / 1758) Locquignol (Nord). 09/2001. Adulte / Guebwiller (Haut-Rhin). 04/2003. Taille de l’individu : 35 mm. Taille de l’individu : 25mm. Photo : GUILLAUME EVANNO Photo : ALAIN LEPRETRE Jury PR. M. DESCAMPS Université de Lille I Président DR. A. LEPRETRE Université de Lille I Rapporteur DR. S. DEMUYNCK Université de Lille I Examinateur DR. J. GODIN Université de Lille I Examinateur DR. J. PRYGIEL Agence de l’Eau Artois-Picardie Examinateur SOMMAIRE REMERCIEMENTS ............................................................................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................. 4 A. BIBLIOGRAPHIE ......................................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPITRE A........................................................................................................................................................ 9 A. BREF APERÇU DE L'HISTOIRE DE LA MALACOLOGIE DANS LA REGION NORD-PAS-DE-CALAIS ................. 10 B. ÉVOLUTION DE L'INFORMATION FAUNISTIQUE SUR LA MALACOFAUNE DANS LE NORD-PAS-DE-CALAIS.12 C. BIBLIOGRAPHIE UTILISEE ........................................................................................................................ 14 D. BIBLIOGRAPHIE REGIONALE .................................................................................................................... 16 CHAPITRE B...................................................................................................................................................... 22 A. LA LISTE DES ESPECES DE MOLLUSQUES CONTINENTAUX DE LA REGION NORD-PAS-DE-CALAIS : OBJECTIFS ET METHODE .................................................................................................................................... 23 B. ANNOTATIONS......................................................................................................................................... 38 C. LA MALACOFAUNE DE LA REGION NORD-PAS-DE-CALAIS : COMPARAISON AVEC LES PAYS VOISINS ET VALEUR PATRIMONIALE .................................................................................................................................... 90 1. Comparaison avec les pays voisins et régions voisines ..................................................................... 90 a) La Belgique.................................................................................................................................................... 90 b) Les Îles Britanniques...................................................................................................................................... 90 c) À l'échelle nationale....................................................................................................................................... 91 2. Valeur patrimoniale de la malacofaune régionale............................................................................. 91 D. BIBLIOGRAPHIE UTILISEE ........................................................................................................................ 94 CHAPITRE C.................................................................................................................................................... 102 A. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... 103 B. LES PLANS D'ECHANTILLONNAGE ET LES METHODES DE RECOLTES ASSOCIEES POUR ETUDIER LES MOLLUSQUES CONTINENTAUX. ....................................................................................................................... 104 1. Les mollusques terrestres................................................................................................................. 104 a) Les plans d'échantillonnage ......................................................................................................................... 104 b) Les différentes méthodes de prélèvement .................................................................................................... 105 2. Discussion........................................................................................................................................ 108 3. Les mollusques aquatiques............................................................................................................... 112 a) Les plans d'échantillonnage ......................................................................................................................... 112 b) Les méthodes de récoltes et discussion ........................................................................................................ 112 4. Propositions de méthodes ................................................................................................................ 113 a) L'inventaire d'un site .................................................................................................................................... 113 b) L'étude des communautés de mollusques terrestres ..................................................................................... 114 c) L'étude des communautés de mollusques aquatiques................................................................................... 115 d) Le suivi des populations............................................................................................................................... 116 C. BIBLIOGRAPHIE UTILISEE ...................................................................................................................... 117 CHAPITRE D.................................................................................................................................................... 122 A. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... 123 B. PROBLEMATIQUE GENERALE ................................................................................................................. 124 1. Devenir et usage des données .......................................................................................................... 124 2. Les besoins....................................................................................................................................... 125 3. Intégration écosystémique................................................................................................................ 125 4. Récupération des données primaires et analyse de la situation dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais......... 125 a) Les types de données nécessaires................................................................................................................. 125 b) L'analyse de la situation dans la région........................................................................................................ 126 C. INVENTAIRE, DESCRIPTION ET STANDARDISATION, ET MODELISATION DES DONNEES (LE CONTENU) .... 127 1. Inventaire des données..................................................................................................................... 127 2. Description et standardisation des données..................................................................................... 129 D. MODELISATION (LE MODELE CONCEPTUEL DES DONNEES) .................................................................. 134 1. Définition des objets naturels .......................................................................................................... 134 2. Définition des relations entre objets et cardinalités associées ........................................................ 139 E. BIBLIOGRAPHIE UTILISEE ...................................................................................................................... 141 CHAPITRE E.................................................................................................................................................... 142 A. INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................
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